🇺🇦 Meaghan Kall. (2022, January 27). NEW: 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 Vaccine effectiveness (symptomatic infection) data for BA.2 {Omicron’s more infectious sister} NO difference in VE between Omicron (BA.1) and BA.2 Possibly even higher VE for BA.2 but estimates overlap See full thread 🧵 from @freja_kirsebom https://t.co/bJ7uCn2cGV [Tweet]. @kallmemeg. https://twitter.com/kallmemeg/status/1486821549458001927

Freja Kirsebom. (2022, January 28). Two important updates from our team this week: - Vaccine effectiveness (VE) against symptomatic disease after Omicron BA.2 shows that VE remains unchanged—VE against death after Omicron BA.1 shows VE is 95% at 2+ weeks after booster 1/7 Full report https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1050721/Vaccine-surveillance-report-week-4.pdf [Tweet]. @freja_kirsebom. https://twitter.com/freja_kirsebom/status/1486730977464369160

Morris, J. (2021, August 17). Israeli data: How can efficacy vs. severe disease be strong when 60% of hospitalized are vaccinated? Covid Data Science. https://www.covid-datascience.com/post/israeli-data-how-can-efficacy-vs-severe-disease-be-strong-when-60-of-hospitalized-are-vaccinated

Eric Topol. (2021, April 23). Just published @TheLancet: Effect of vaccine in >23,000 health care workers https://t.co/ohy3VyHM3C Dose response: No vaccine 977 infections; 1 dose 71 infections; 2 doses 9 infections (14|8|4 per 10,000 person-days) "can prevent both symptomatic and asymptomatic infection " https://t.co/EybVBFmXrU [Tweet]. @EricTopol. https://twitter.com/EricTopol/status/1385729322472730626

How Fauci fooled America | Opinion. (2021, November 1). Newsweek. https://www.newsweek.com/how-fauci-fooled-america-opinion-1643839

Regev-Yochay, G., Gonen, T., Gilboa, M., Mandelboim, M., Indenbaum, V., Amit, S., Meltzer, L., Asraf, K., Cohen, C., Fluss, R., Biber, A., Nemet, I., Kliker, L., Joseph, G., Doolman, R., Mendelson, E., Freedman, L. S., Harats, D., Kreiss, Y., & Lustig, Y. (2022). 4th Dose COVID mRNA Vaccines’ Immunogenicity & Efficacy Against Omicron VOC (p. 2022.02.15.22270948). medRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.02.15.22270948

Mahase, E. (2022). Omicron sub-lineage BA.2 may have “substantial growth advantage,” UKHSA reports. BMJ, 376, o263. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.o263

ReconfigBehSci on Twitter: “RT @AliHMokdad: Vaccine effectiveness against BA.1 and BA.2. After 2 doses it was 9% (7-10%) and 13% (-26-40%) respectively for BA.1 and BA…” / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved January 30, 2022, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1487123660771106821

Scientists try to pinpoint why rapid Covid tests are missing some cases. (2022, January 6). STAT. https://www.statnews.com/2022/01/06/scientists-try-to-pinpoint-why-rapid-covid-tests-are-missing-cases/

Liu, Y., Ebinger, J. E., Mostafa, R., Budde, P., Gajewski, J., Walker, B., Joung, S., Wu, M., Bräutigam, M., Hesping, F., Rupieper, E., Schubert, A.-S., Zucht, H.-D., Braun, J., Melmed, G. Y., Sobhani, K., Arditi, M., Van Eyk, J. E., Cheng, S., & Fert-Bober, J. (2021). Paradoxical sex-specific patterns of autoantibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Journal of Translational Medicine, 19(1), 524. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-021-03184-8

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): How is it transmitted? (n.d.). Retrieved December 24, 2021, from https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/coronavirus-disease-covid-19-how-is-it-transmitted

Meaghan Kall. (2021, November 15). There are 2 other impressive conclusions from this study: 1. Comparing vaccine effectiveness of booster vs “fully vaxxed” as the baseline. Booster ADDS 81-85% protection against symptomatic infection ON TOP of what you already had from your primary (2-dose) vaccination https://t.co/5EO7m6GHTZ [Tweet]. @kallmemeg. https://twitter.com/kallmemeg/status/1460207567070769156

Maier, B. F., Wiedermann, M., Burdinski, A., Klamser, P., Jenny, M. A., Betsch, C., & Brockmann, D. (2021). Germany’s current COVID-19 crisis is mainly driven by the unvaccinated (p. 2021.11.24.21266831). https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.11.24.21266831

Monto, A. S. (2021). The Future of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination—Lessons from Influenza. New England Journal of Medicine, 0(0), null. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp2113403

Kennedy-Shaffer, L., Kahn, R., & Lipsitch, M. (2021). Estimating Vaccine Efficacy Against Transmission via Effect on Viral Load. Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.), 32(6), 820–828. https://doi.org/10.1097/EDE.0000000000001415

PINHO, A. C. (2021, March 11). EMA recommends COVID-19 Vaccine Janssen for authorisation in the EU [Text]. European Medicines Agency. https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/news/ema-recommends-covid-19-vaccine-janssen-authorisation-eu

Griffin, S. (2021). Covid-19: China’s CoronaVac vaccine offers 83.5% protection against symptomatic infection, interim analysis finds. BMJ, 374, n1755. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n1755

“Cases Rising Rapidly among Those with Incomplete Vaccinations.” Accessed June 15, 2021. https://covid.joinzoe.com/post/cases-rising-rapidly-among-those-with-incomplete-vaccinations.

Covid variants: How much protection do the different vaccines offer? (2021, June 3). The Guardian. http://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jun/03/covid-variants-delta-alpha-how-much-protection-vaccines

Khoury, D. S., Cromer, D., Reynaldi, A., Schlub, T. E., Wheatley, A. K., Juno, J. A., Subbarao, K., Kent, S. J., Triccas, J. A., & Davenport, M. P. (2021). Neutralizing antibody levels are highly predictive of immune protection from symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nature Medicine, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-021-01377-8

A Marm Kilpatrick. (2021, February 9). Vaccine efficacy in blocking infection & transmission (I think) We can now estimate the (minimum) reduction in transmission from the Moderna vaccine. Thread tl;dr Moderna vaccine blocks >90% (87-93%) of infections & 91% (89-94%) of transmission. *Critiques welcome! Https://t.co/GjQIo3v4oe [Tweet]. @DiseaseEcology. https://twitter.com/DiseaseEcology/status/1359213735424872450

Olliaro, P. (2021). What does 95% COVID-19 vaccine efficacy really mean? The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00075-X

Pullano, G., Di Domenico, L., Sabbatini, C. E., Valdano, E., Turbelin, C., Debin, M., Guerrisi, C., Kengne-Kuetche, C., Souty, C., Hanslik, T., Blanchon, T., Boëlle, P.-Y., Figoni, J., Vaux, S., Campèse, C., Bernard-Stoecklin, S., & Colizza, V. (2021). Underdetection of cases of COVID-19 in France threatens epidemic control. Nature, 590(7844), 134–139. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-03095-6

ReconfigBehSci on Twitter: ‘RT @d_spiegel: Excellent new Covid RED dashboard from UCL https://t.co/wHMG8LzTUb Would be good to also know (a) how many contacts isolate…’ / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved 6 March 2021, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1323316018484305920

Matrajt, Laura, Julia Eaton, Tiffany Leung, und Elizabeth R. Brown. „Vaccine Optimization for COVID-19: Who to Vaccinate First?“ Science Advances 7, Nr. 6 (1. Februar 2020): eabf1374. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abf1374.

Nogrady, B. (2020). What the data say about asymptomatic COVID infections. Nature, 587(7835), 534–535. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-03141-3

Stutt, R. O. J. H., Retkute, R., Bradley, M., Gilligan, C. A., & Colvin, J. (2020). A modelling framework to assess the likely effectiveness of facemasks in combination with ‘lock-down’ in managing the COVID-19 pandemic. Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 476(2238), 20200376. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2020.0376

Peeling, Rosanna W., Catherine J. Wedderburn, Patricia J. Garcia, Debrah Boeras, Noah Fongwen, John Nkengasong, Amadou Sall, Amilcar Tanuri, and David L. Heymann. ‘Serology Testing in the COVID-19 Pandemic Response’. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 0, no. 0 (17 July 2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30517-X.

Mei, Q., Li, J., Du, R., Yuan, X., Li, M., & Li, J. (2020). Assessment of patients who tested positive for COVID-19 after recovery. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30433-3

Maier, B. F., & Brockmann, D. (2020). Effective containment explains subexponential growth in recent confirmed COVID-19 cases in China. Science, 368(6492), 742–746. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abb4557

Hamzelou, J. (2020, June 17). How many of us are likely to have caught the coronavirus so far? New Scientist. https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg24632873-000-how-many-of-us-are-likely-to-have-caught-the-coronavirus-so-far/

Azad, A. (2020, May 22). CDC estimates that 35% of coronavirus patients don’t have symptoms. CNN. https://www.cnn.com/2020/05/22/health/cdc-coronavirus-estimates-symptoms-deaths/index.html

Koerth, M. (2020, March 31). Why It’s So Freaking Hard To Make A Good COVID-19 Model. FiveThirtyEight. https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/why-its-so-freaking-hard-to-make-a-good-covid-19-model/

Cheng, H.-Y., Jian, S.-W., Liu, D.-P., Ng, T.-C., Huang, W.-T., Lin, H.-H., & for the Taiwan COVID-19 Outbreak Investigation Team. (2020). Contact Tracing Assessment of COVID-19 Transmission Dynamics in Taiwan and Risk at Different Exposure Periods Before and After Symptom Onset. JAMA Internal Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.2020

The Sharing Scientist on Twitter

Khalil, A., Hill, R., Ladhani, S., Pattisson, K., & O’Brien, P. (2020). COVID-19 screening of health-care workers in a London maternity hospital. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, S1473309920304035. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30403-5

Smith, C. (2020, May 12). Hospital staff carrying COVID-19.https://www.thenakedscientists.com/articles/science-news/hospital-staff-carrying-covid-19

Hamner L, Dubbel P, Capron I, et al. High SARS-CoV-2 Attack Rate Following Exposure at a Choir Practice — Skagit County, Washington, March 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2020;69:606–610. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6919e6external icon

Buitrago-Garcia, D. C., Egli-Gany, D., Counotte, M. J., Hossmann, S., Imeri, H., Salanti, G., & Low, N. (2020). The role of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections: Rapid living systematic review and meta-analysis [Preprint]. Epidemiology. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.25.20079103

Gudbjartsson, D. F., Helgason, A., Jonsson, H., Magnusson, O. T., Melsted, P., Norddahl, G. L., Saemundsdottir, J., Sigurdsson, A., Sulem, P., Agustsdottir, A. B., Eiriksdottir, B., Fridriksdottir, R., Gardarsdottir, E. E., Georgsson, G., Gretarsdottir, O. S., Gudmundsson, K. R., Gunnarsdottir, T. R., Gylfason, A., Holm, H., … Stefansson, K. (2020). Spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the Icelandic Population. New England Journal of Medicine, NEJMoa2006100. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2006100

Danis, K., Epaulard, O., Bénet, T., Gaymard, A., Campoy, S., Bothelo-Nevers, E., Bouscambert-Duchamp, M., Spaccaferri, G., Ader, F., Mailles, A., Boudalaa, Z., Tolsma, V., Berra, J., Vaux, S., Forestier, E., Landelle, C., Fougere, E., Thabuis, A., Berthelot, P., … Bag, B. C. (2020). Cluster of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) in the French Alps, 2020. Clinical Infectious Diseases, ciaa424. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa424

Ghinai, I., McPherson, T. D., Hunter, J. C., Kirking, H. L., Christiansen, D., Joshi, K., Rubin, R., Morales-Estrada, S., Black, S. R., Pacilli, M., Fricchione, M. J., Chugh, R. K., Walblay, K. A., Ahmed, N. S., Stoecker, W. C., Hasan, N. F., Burdsall, D. P., Reese, H. E., Wallace, M., … Uyeki, T. M. (2020). First known person-to-person transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the USA. The Lancet, 395(10230), 1137–1144. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30607-3

Bi, Q., Wu, Y., Mei, S., Ye, C., Zou, X., Zhang, Z., Liu, X., Wei, L., Truelove, S. A., Zhang, T., Gao, W., Cheng, C., Tang, X., Wu, X., Wu, Y., Sun, B., Huang, S., Sun, Y., Zhang, J., … Feng, T. (2020). Epidemiology and transmission of COVID-19 in 391 cases and 1286 of their close contacts in Shenzhen, China: A retrospective cohort study. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, S1473309920302875. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30287-5

Burke RM, Midgley CM, Dratch A, et al. Active Monitoring of Persons Exposed to Patients with Confirmed COVID-19 — United States, January–February 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2020;69:245–246. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6909e1

Dr Muge Cevik on Twitter

Casas, R. S., Cooper, J. L., & Hempel, E. V. (2020). COVID‐19 risk triage: Engaging residents in telephonic screening. Medical Education, medu.14211. https://doi.org/10.1111/medu.14211

Davis, N. (2020, May 4). Report on face masks’ effectiveness for Covid-19 divides scientists. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/may/04/scientists-disagree-over-face-masks-effect-on-covid-19

Steinbrook, R. (2020). Contact Tracing, Testing, and Control of COVID-19—Learning From Taiwan. JAMA Internal Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.2072

Russell, T.W., Hellewell, J., Abbott, S., Golding, N.,Gibbs, H., Jarvis, C.I., van Zandvoort, K., Flasche, S., Eggo, R., Edmunds, W.J., Kucharski., A.J. (2020, March 22). Using a delay-adjusted case fatality ratio to estimate under-reporting. CMMID Repository. https://cmmid.github.io/topics/covid19/global_cfr_estimates.html

Russel, T.W., Hellewell, J., Abbott, S., Golding, N., Gibbs, H., Jarvis, C.I., van Zandvoort, K., Flasche, S., Eggo, R., Edmunds, W.J., Kucharski, A.J., (2020). Using a delay-adjusted case fatality ratio to estimate under-reporting. CMMID. https://cmmid.github.io/topics/covid19/severity/global_cfr_estimates.html

Black, J. R. M., Bailey, C., Przewrocka, J., Dijkstra, K. K., & Swanton, C. (2020). COVID-19: The case for health-care worker screening to prevent hospital transmission. The Lancet, S014067362030917X. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30917-X