Eine extreme Hitzewelle hat in der Sahelzone Hunderte, wahrscheinlich Tausende Menschenleben gefordert. World Weather Attribution zufolge ist die Höhe der Temperaturen eindeutig auf die globale Erhitzung durch Treibhausgase zurückzuführen. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2024/apr/18/lethal-heatwave-in-sahel-worsened-by-fossil-fuel-burning-study-finds

Zur Studie: https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/extreme-sahel-heatwave-that-hit-highly-vulnerable-population-at-the-end-of-ramadan-would-not-have-occurred-without-climate-change/

• for: intertidal zones, Canary in the mineshaft, Pacific Northwest heatwave, marine heatwave
• paraphrase
  • Rocky intertidal shores are some of the most physically stressful habitats on Earth, and
    • many of the species that occupy them often live very close to their physiological tolerance limits.
  • Intertidal ecosystems are therefore often used as bellwethers for the ecological effects of
    • climate change and
    • extreme weather events.
  • Plants and animals that live in the intertidal zone are especially susceptible to extremely high temperatures during daytime low tides,
    • when solar radiation can raise organismal body temperatures well above air temperature.
  • The hottest days of the 2021 heatwave coincided with
    • very low, early afternoon low tides throughout most of the Salish Sea (the inland waters of BC and Washington State).
  • As a result, surface temperatures in excess of 50 °C were observed in the intertidal zone,
    • particularly on gently sloping south and west-facing surfaces that received the most direct solar radiation.

• for: definition, definition - heat dome, Pacific Northwest heatwave

• paraphrase

  • This event was widely described in the media as a “heat dome”, wherein
    • subsidence/adiabatic warming,
    • “trapped air”, and
    • sensible heating
  • are the dominant mechanisms driving the anomalous heat.
  • This conceptual model ignores the role of upstream diabatic heating,
    • which our analysis
  • shows is a significant heat source.
  • This “heat dome” phrase is not a common phrase within the scientific community

• comment

  • the authors do not refer to this event as a heat dome, as is popularly used in the media because diabatic heating was involved

• for: weather prediction, climate prediction, Pacific Northwest heatwave, comment, question, question - Pacific Northwest heatwave
• paraphrase
  • near-term forecasts of this event were good, albeit underestimating the magnitude of the maximum temperatures.
• comment
• question
  • could appropriate measures have been in taken, our were the predicted temperature so far off that appropriate measures could not be recommended?
  • in particular, with the mass dieoff from the marine heatwave of an estimate billion marines organisms due to:
    • low tide,
    • high surface air temperature and
    • elevated ocean temperatures,
  • could interventions have been organized such as:
    • increasing dissolved oxygen levels in parts of the ocean dense with sea life or
    • soaking shellfish exposed to extreme sea surface temperature?
  • what are the future impacts in terms of biodiversity loss and extinction?

• for climate change - impacts, climate departure, extinction, biodiversity loss, marine heat wave, ubc, Pacific Northwest heatwave
• paraphrase
• stats
  • An unprecedented heatwave occurred in the Pacific Northwest (PNW)
    • from ~25 June to 2 July 2021,
    • over lands colonially named
      • British Columbia (BC)
      • Alberta (AB) in Canada,
      • Washington (WA),
      • Oregon (OR) in the United States.
  • Near-surface air temperature anomalies reached up to 16–20 °C above normal over a wide region (Fig. 1),
    • with many locations breaking all-time maximum temperature records by more than 5 °C (Fig. 2a).
  • The Canadian national temperature record was broken 3 days in a row, at multiple locations,
    • with the highest temperature of 49.6 °C recorded in Lytton, BC, on 29 June (Figs. 1b),
    • 4.6 °C higher than the Canadian record prior to this event.
  • The new record temperature was reportedly the hottest worldwide temperature recorded north of 45° latitude,
    • and hotter than any recorded temperature in Europe or South America.

• for: marine heat wave, fish dieoff, fish kill, extinction, climate departure, climate change - impacts
• title: The unprecedented Pacific Northwest heatwave of June 2021
• date: Feb. 9, 2023

• Aboard the research ship RV Laurence M. Gould,
• cruising along Antarctica’s west coast, - - Carlos Moffat, chief scientist, Palmer Long Term Ecological Research Program:
• “Even as somebody who’s been looking at these changing systems for a few decades, I was taken aback by what I saw, by the degree of warming that I saw… We don’t know how long this is going to last. We don’t fully understand the consequences of this kind of event, but this looks like an extraordinary marine heatwave”

• Antarctica ocean warning
• extraordinary amount of heat
• in the Ocean
• in order to warm it this much

• There is an extraordinary amount of heat in the Antarctic ocean to warm it up to this degree.

• Question: is it too late? Have we already reached the Antarctic tipping point?

Karim, S. S. A., & Karim, Q. A. (2021). Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant: A new chapter in the COVID-19 pandemic. The Lancet, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02758-6

Chadeau-Hyam, M., Wang, H., Eales, O., Haw, D., Bodinier, B., Whitaker, M., Walters, C. E., Ainslie, K. E. C., Atchison, C., Fronterre, C., Diggle, P. J., Page, A. J., Trotter, A. J., Ashby, D., Barclay, W., Taylor, G., Cooke, G., Ward, H., Darzi, A., … Elliott, P. (2022). SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccine effectiveness in England (REACT-1): A series of cross-sectional random community surveys. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(21)00542-7

Henley, J., & correspondent, J. H. E. (2021, November 19). Majority of public in Europe support Covid vaccine passports – survey. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/nov/19/majority-of-public-in-europe-support-covid-vaccine-passports-survey

SPIEGEL-Umfrage: Große Mehrheit für Impfpflicht in Coronakrise. (2021, November 22). Der Spiegel. https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/corona-in-deutschland-grosse-mehrheit-laut-spiegel-umfrage-fuer-impfpflicht-a-efa74ee2-1229-44f9-b07a-a113ad547088

Mahan Ghafari | ماهان غفاری on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved April 29, 2022, from https://twitter.com/Mahan_Ghafari/status/1446196548904366092

Prof. Christina Pagel 🇺🇦 [@chrischirp]. (2021, November 24). As well as Tom’s new one (B.1.1.529), C.1.2 seems to be spreading in S Africa—C.1.2 was the one with lots of worrying mutations first reported in August... Plus cases in S Africa suddenly increasing again in the middle of their summer. Https://t.co/fCqfOMcO83 [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/chrischirp/status/1463504890530086917

James Ward on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved April 21, 2022, from https://twitter.com/JamesWard73/status/1470680953643319305

ReconfigBehSci. (2022, January 31). RT @fascinatorfun: Interesting as 🇩🇰 Omicron BA2 wave started sooner than 🇬🇧 “We conclude that Omicron BA.2 is inherently substantially m… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1488152457012297736

Abu-Raddad, L. J., Chemaitelly, H., Ayoub, H. H., AlMukdad, S., Tang, P., Hasan, M. R., Coyle, P., Yassine, H. M., Al-Khatib, H. A., Smatti, M. K., Al-Kanaani, Z., Al-Kuwari, E., Jeremijenko, A., Kaleeckal, A. H., Latif, A. N., Shaik, R. M., Abdul-Rahim, H. F., Nasrallah, G. K., Al-Kuwari, M. G., … Bertollini, R. (2022). Effectiveness of BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 COVID-19 boosters against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) infection in Qatar (p. 2022.01.18.22269452). medRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.18.22269452

Wave behaviors of light: a. it reflects b. it refracts c. it diffracts d. undergoes interference e. exhibits Doppler effect

Paul Bleicher. (2021, December 31). Boston wastewater makes all the past waves seem almost flat. It is hard to comprehend. Https://t.co/lZidZRKeTC [Tweet]. @pbleic. https://twitter.com/pbleic/status/1476744765798502407

ReconfigBehSci. (2022, March 6). RT @JPWeiland: BA.2 projections in the US: Coming off of the massive omicron wave (Rt=0.64) will provide a lot of immunity to restrict B… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1500489703472222208

Yaniv Erlich on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved February 8, 2022, from https://twitter.com/erlichya/status/1482847821397176325

Stefan Schubert. (2022, January 16). Pretty big difference US vs UK in this wave. Vaccination differences likely a big part of it. Https://t.co/qnHvRRb0rE [Tweet]. @StefanFSchubert. https://twitter.com/StefanFSchubert/status/1482728763779686405

author.fullName}. (n.d.). 2022 preview: What will the coronavirus do next? New Scientist. Retrieved January 4, 2022, from https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg25233661-800-2022-preview-what-will-the-coronavirus-do-next/

Omicron peak could be “long and drawn out”, Sage scientists warn as pressure mounts on NHS. (2022, January 3). Inews.Co.Uk. https://inews.co.uk/news/politics/omicron-covid-variant-uk-peak-long-drawn-out-sage-scientists-warning-nhs-1380110

Zhang, S. (2021, December 8). Omicron’s Explosive Growth Is a Warning Sign. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2021/12/omicron-spread-infection-severity/620948/

2018 wave of ICILS (International Computer and Information Literacy Study)

Pablo Tsukayama on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved 4 October 2021, from https://twitter.com/pablotsukayama/status/1435725621599027202

Neville, S., Burn-Murdoch, J., & Bounds, A. (2021, May 27). UK virus cases hit 6-week high but vaccines diminish threat. Financial Times. https://www.ft.com/content/a5dc95ca-5869-46e1-b368-d6856adf414a

John Middleton: Is the NHS prepared for the coming winter? (2021, September 9). The BMJ. https://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2021/09/09/john-middleton-is-the-nhs-prepared-for-the-coming-winter/

Mark Davyd. “This Is the Most Important Graph of the ‘Third Wave’. Thanks to @guardian for Producing It. Https://T.Co/IVBwP6QWxc.” Tweet. @markdavyd (blog), July 2, 2021. https://twitter.com/markdavyd/status/1410803538901573633.

Covid Explodes in Cancun, Los Cabos as New Wave Hits Mexico. (2021, July 23). Bloomberg.Com. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-07-23/covid-explodes-in-cancun-and-los-cabos-as-third-wave-hits-mexico

John Burn-Murdoch. (2021, May 27). NEW: B.1617.2 is fuelling a third wave in the UK, with not only cases but also hospital admissions rising. Vaccines will make this wave different to those that have come before, but it remains a concern, and one that other countries will soon face. Thread on everything we know: Https://t.co/4825qOqgrl [Tweet]. @jburnmurdoch. https://twitter.com/jburnmurdoch/status/1397995388267810818

Carl T. Bergstrom. (2021, May 27). An update on the B.1.617.2 lineage. I’m concerned. Not because of reduced vaccine efficacy, but simply because a further increase in transmissibility above B.1.1.7 would be quite bad news for countries where vaccination is low and for hopes of near-elimination everywhere. [Tweet]. @CT_Bergstrom. https://twitter.com/CT_Bergstrom/status/1398029743954432005

Dvir Aran. (2021, July 27). You’ve probably seen reports from Israel on low vaccine effectiveness in this wave. Is it because of Delta? Waning immunity? We think the reason is mostly that we got the denominator wrong. Https://t.co/yloh5Vo9Xi [Tweet]. @dvir_a. https://twitter.com/dvir_a/status/1420059124700700677

Has England reached a peak in Covid infections? | Graham Medley | The Guardian. (n.d.). Retrieved July 28, 2021, from https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/jul/26/when-england-peak-covid-infections-trajectory-pandemic?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other

ReconfigBehSci on Twitter: ‘I just had cause to revisit the Friston modelling paper from Sept: Https://t.co/QOTC8fXV0n 1/n’ / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved 26 February 2021, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1336277391233208320

Gozzi, N., Scudeler, M., Paolotti, D., Baronchelli, A., & Perra, N. (2021). Self-initiated behavioral change and disease resurgence on activity-driven networks. Physical Review E, 104(1), 014307. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.104.014307

The Greek Analyst on Twitter: ‘Vaccines work, people https://t.co/5Fb8d8evqf’ / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved 22 July 2021, from https://twitter.com/GreekAnalyst/status/1417506969028546569

Dyer, O. (2021). Covid-19: Two thirds in India carry antibodies, while research suggests country’s death toll is 10 times official figure. BMJ, 374, n1856. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n1856

Naveca, Felipe Gomes, Valdinete Nascimento, Victor Costa de Souza, André de Lima Corado, Fernanda Nascimento, George Silva, Ágatha Costa, et al. “COVID-19 in Amazonas, Brazil, Was Driven by the Persistence of Endemic Lineages and P.1 Emergence.” Nature Medicine, May 25, 2021, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-021-01378-7.

ReconfigBehSci. (2021, June 1). RT @nikosbosse: Predictions from the second week of the UK Covid-19 Crowd Forecasting Challenge are in. Https://t.co/GfzSBYRmgq On average… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1399869840928612354

Kadiwar, S., Smith, J. J., Ledot, S., Johnson, M., Bianchi, P., Singh, N., Montanaro, C., Gatzoulis, M., Shah, N., & Ukor, E.-F. (2021). Were pregnant women more affected by COVID-19 in the second wave of the pandemic? The Lancet, 397(10284), 1539–1540. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00716-9

Welle (www.dw.com), Deutsche. ‘Access to COVID Vaccine Patents Is Not the Same as Access to Vaccines | DW | 06.05.2021’. DW.COM. Accessed 11 May 2021. https://www.dw.com/en/access-to-covid-vaccine-patents-is-not-the-same-as-access-to-vaccines/a-57448750.

Neil O’Brien MP. (2021, January 14). I may... Convene a public inquiry of my own. The experts I’ll invite to sit on the panel won’t be the usual hacks with an axe to grind... They’ll be [like] Sunetra Gupta, the Oxford epidemiologist who believes we may have achieved herd immunity already" Spectator, 25 July [Tweet]. @NeilDotObrien. https://twitter.com/NeilDotObrien/status/1349701118700507137

Ashokkumar, A., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2021). The Social and Psychological Changes of the First Months of COVID-19. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/a34qp

Groves, J. (2020, July 28). PM fears UK second wave in TWO WEEKS. Mail Online. https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-8569839/PM-fears-UK-second-wave-TWO-WEEKS.html

Pancevski, B. (2020, December 6). Long a Holdout From Covid-19 Restrictions, Sweden Ends Its Pandemic Experiment. Wall Street Journal. https://www.wsj.com/articles/long-a-holdout-from-covid-19-restrictions-sweden-ends-its-pandemic-experiment-11607261658

Keystone-SDA/gw. (n.d.). Emergency care workers urge Swiss government to act as Covid cases soar. SWI Swissinfo.Ch. Retrieved 1 March 2021, from https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/emergency-care-workers-urge-swiss-government-to-act-as-covid-cases-surge/46103186

Revill, J. (2020, October 18). Swiss tighten measures to combat COVID-19 second wave. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-health-coronavirus-swiss-idUKKBN2730G4

Gallotti, R., Valle, F., Castaldo, N., Sacco, P., & De Domenico, M. (2020). Assessing the risks of ‘infodemics’ in response to COVID-19 epidemics. Nature Human Behaviour, 4(12), 1285–1293. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-020-00994-6

Matthias Eberl on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved 26 February 2021, from https://twitter.com/eberlmat/status/1324313502689972229

Długosz, P. (2021). PREDICTORS OF MENTAL HEALTH AFTER THE FIRST WAVE OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN POLAND. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/89cnw

Hansen, S., Wetherell, M., & Smith, M. A. (2020). Written benefit finding for improving psychological health during the Covid-19 pandemic first wave lockdown. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/b42jq

Safi, M. (2021, April 21). India’s shocking surge in Covid cases follows baffling decline. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/apr/21/india-shocking-surge-in-covid-cases-follows-baffling-decline

Rukmini, S. (2021, April 21). India’s government has abandoned its citizens to face a deadly second wave alone. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/apr/21/indias-government-abandoned-citizens-deadly-second-covid-wave

Beaumont, P. (2021, April 22). Covid-19: India’s response to second wave is warning to other countries. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/apr/22/covid-19-india-response-to-second-wave-is-warning-to-other-countries

Indian expansion of Covid vaccine drive may further strain supplies | India | The Guardian. (n.d.). Retrieved April 19, 2021, from https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/apr/19/indian-expansion-of-covid-vaccine-drive-may-further-strain-supplies

More transmissible and evasive SARS-CoV-2 variant growing rapidly in Brazil | Imperial News | Imperial College London. (n.d.). Imperial News. Retrieved 18 April 2021, from https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/216053/more-transmissible-evasive-sarscov2-variant-growing/

Hein, G., Gamer, M., Gall, D., Gründahl, M., Domschke, K., Andreatta, M., Wieser, M. J., & Pauli, P. (2021). Social cognitive factors outweigh negative emotionality in predicting COVID-19 related safety behaviors. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/5sbzy

NIHR issues guidance to ensure research protected in a ‘second wave.’ (n.d.). Retrieved October 13, 2020, from https://www.nihr.ac.uk/news/nihr-issues-guidance-to-ensure-research-protected-in-a-second-wave/25858

Pullano, G., Di Domenico, L., Sabbatini, C. E., Valdano, E., Turbelin, C., Debin, M., Guerrisi, C., Kengne-Kuetche, C., Souty, C., Hanslik, T., Blanchon, T., Boëlle, P.-Y., Figoni, J., Vaux, S., Campèse, C., Bernard-Stoecklin, S., & Colizza, V. (2021). Underdetection of cases of COVID-19 in France threatens epidemic control. Nature, 590(7844), 134–139. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-03095-6

Savaris, R. F., G. Pumi, J. Dalzochio, and R. Kunst. ‘Stay-at-Home Policy Is a Case of Exception Fallacy: An Internet-Based Ecological Study’. Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (5 March 2021): 5313. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-84092-1.