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Factors that affect power.

z

Apparently, clonidine is active at one quarter of the starting dose. Namely, it is active at 25 micrograms (mcg) compared to the 100mcg starting dose.

This is precisely the results I would expect. However, I completely disagree with their interpretation.

People with high blood pressure (BP) can tolerate a reduction in BP without instigating compensatory mechanisms. People with normal or low BP would invoke compensation by the sympathetic nervous system in response to alpha blockade. This would counteract the depressant effects of adrenergic antagonism. Indeed, adrenaline and noradrenaline elevate in response to standing, which I find to be an obvious prediction. Thus, the lack of benefit from prazosin in these subjects may be mediated by an increase in adrenergic receptor activation other than the apha1-adrenoreceptor; in particular, the beta-adrenergic receptors are likely at fault. Propranolol, a beta-blocker, is used for PTSD, so this mechanism seems well substantiated.

The study apparently found benefit for patients with BP over 110 (with more benefit for higher BP). Thus, I would conclude that systolic pressure below 110 induce compensation.

Increased sensitivity to cold by phenoxybenzamine could be the result of heat dissipation via peripheral vasodilation.

This is rather fast. It means that tolerance and withdrawal should develop relatively rapidly. This is consistent with the "first dose effects" observed with alpha blockers.

This is interesting but not exactly surprising, given that both are depressants. What is surprising, however, is the contrast between this and the fact that stimulants also enhance morphine analgesia.

Potentiation of Opioid Analgesia by Psychostimulant Drugs: A Review00084-0/fulltext)