- Nov 2024
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Local file Local file
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Desmond, Matthew. Poverty, by America. 1st ed. New York: Crown, 2023. https://amzn.to/40Aqzlp
Annotation URL: urn:x-pdf:eefd847a2a1723651d1d863de5153292
Alternate annotation link: https://jonudell.info/h/facet/?user=chrisaldrich&max=100&exactTagSearch=true&expanded=true&url=urn%3Ax-pdf%3Aeefd847a2a1723651d1d863de5153292
Tags
- poverty abolitionism
- universal basic income (UBI)
- Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC)
- opportunity
- Low Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC)
- zoning laws
- welfare system
- poverty prevention
- child poverty
- empowerment
- buy-now-pay-later (BNPL) companies
- toxic capitalism
- War on Poverty
- labor market
- eviction
- Dan Allosso Book Club
- wages
- workforce
- mortgages
- Mollie Orshansky
- Dan Allosso Book Club 2024-11-09
- taxes
- housing market
- opportunity commodification
- unions
- poverty
- National Labor Relations Act
- means-tested transfer programs
- minimum wage
- Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP)
- Matthew Desmond
- landlords
- Black Americans
- deconcentrating poverty
- taxing the poor
- sociology
- Democrats
- Ronald Reagan
- References
- unemployment insurance
- neighborhoods
- class
- work
- banking sector
- policy
- wage stagnation
- payday loan industry
- welfare
- Poverty, by America
- capitalism
- food stamps
- opportunity hoarding
Annotators
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- Dec 2022
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arxiv.org arxiv.org
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We find that, during the pandemic, no-vax communities became more central in the country-specificdebates and their cross-border connections strengthened, revealing a global Twitter anti-vaccinationnetwork. U.S. users are central in this network, while Russian users also become net exporters ofmisinformation during vaccination roll-out. Interestingly, we find that Twitter’s content moderationefforts, and in particular the suspension of users following the January 6th U.S. Capitol attack, had aworldwide impact in reducing misinformation spread about vaccines. These findings may help publichealth institutions and social media platforms to mitigate the spread of health-related, low-credibleinformation by revealing vulnerable online communities
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- Aug 2022
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securingdemocracy.gmfus.org securingdemocracy.gmfus.org
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Schafer, B. (2021, October 5). RT Deutsch Finds a Home with Anti-Vaccination Skeptics in Germany. Alliance For Securing Democracy. https://securingdemocracy.gmfus.org/rt-deutsch-youtube-antivaccination-germany/
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www.penguinrandomhouse.ca www.penguinrandomhouse.ca
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Caulfield, T. (2017, October 24). The Vaccination Picture by Timothy Caulfield. Penguin Random House Canada. https://www.penguinrandomhouse.ca/books/565776/the-vaccination-picture-by-timothy-caulfield/9780735234994
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www.reuters.com www.reuters.com
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Reuters. (2021, August 23). Germany drops incidence levels as key COVID yardstick. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/german-drop-incidence-levels-key-covid-yardstick-sources-2021-08-23/
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demtech.oii.ox.ac.uk demtech.oii.ox.ac.uk
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DemTech | COVID-19 Misinformation Newsletter 24 August 2021. (2021, August 24). https://demtech.oii.ox.ac.uk/covid-19-misinformation-newsletter-24-august-2021/#continue
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www.sciencedirect.com www.sciencedirect.com
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McKee, M., Altmann, D., Costello, A., Friston, K., Haque, Z., Khunti, K., Michie, S., Oni, T., Pagel, C., Pillay, D., Reicher, S., Salisbury, H., Scally, G., Yates, K., Bauld, L., Bear, L., Drury, J., Parker, M., Phoenix, A., … West, R. (2022). Open science communication: The first year of the UK’s Independent Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies. Health Policy. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2022.01.006
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Karan, A. (2022). We cannot afford to repeat these four pandemic mistakes. BMJ, 376, o631. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.o631
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twitter.com twitter.com
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ReconfigBehSci. (2022, January 2). RT @trishgreenhalgh: A few tweets on masks for kids (thanks @dgurdasani1). US schools were 3.5 x more likely to have COVID-19 outbreaks if… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1477614232556515331
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Prof. Gavin Yamey MD MPH. (2021, October 15). “Italy set a new bar on Friday for major Western democracies seeking to move beyond the pandemic by putting in place a sweeping law that requires the nation’s entire work force—Public and private—To have government-issued health passes.” https://t.co/pBOR37rhhq [Tweet]. @GYamey. https://twitter.com/GYamey/status/1448959207093452801
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Petersen, M. B., Rasmussen, M. S., Lindholt, M. F., & Jørgensen, F. J. (2021). Pandemic Fatigue and Populism: The Development of Pandemic Fatigue during the COVID-19 Pandemic and How It Fuels Political Discontent across Eight Western Democracies. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/y6wm4
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- Apr 2022
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Lazarus Long. (2022, January 23). So, @JeffreyZients is in charge. But not in charge. Https://t.co/jquOlmNGlx [Tweet]. @LazarusLong13. https://twitter.com/LazarusLong13/status/1485394084835389441
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Allyson Pollock [@AllysonPollock]. (2022, January 4). The health care crisis is of governments making over three decades. Closing half general and acute beds, closing acute hospitals and community services,eviscerating public health, no service planning. Plus unevidenced policies on testing and self isolation of contacts. @dthroat [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/AllysonPollock/status/1478326352516460544
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Nick Brown [@sTeamTraen]. (2022, January 7). RT with a better screenshot. Https://t.co/kYVXpmAC3t [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/sTeamTraen/status/1479417464157093888
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Adam Kucharski. (2021, March 24). This is an interesting perspective on Taiwan (& glad it mentions data/privacy), although I’d like to see more references to what local officials were actually saying about approach in real-time, rather than what UK-based researchers later say it was: Https://t.co/FDu0mQoISh 1/ [Tweet]. @AdamJKucharski. https://twitter.com/AdamJKucharski/status/1374638777814167555
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Stefan Simanowitz. (2021, March 18). 1/. The PM claims that the govt “stuck to the science like glue” But this is not true At crucial times they ignored the science or concocted pseudo-scientific justifications for their actions & inaction This thread, & the embedded threads, set them out https://t.co/dhXqkSL1bz [Tweet]. @StefSimanowitz. https://twitter.com/StefSimanowitz/status/1372460227619135493
Tags
- reasoning
- public health
- asymptomatic
- herd immunity
- BBC
- behavioural fatigue
- public communication
- transmission
- COVID-19
- care homes
- spread infection
- pseudo-scientific justifications
- is:twitter
- media narrative
- government policy
- vaccine
- misinformation
- Boris Johnson
- lang:en
- delaying lockdown
- epidemiology
Annotators
URL
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twitter.com twitter.com
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ReconfigBehSci [@SciBeh]. (2022, January 28). @ollysmithtravel @AllysonPollock that is a policy alternative one could consider- whether it’s more or less effective, more or less equitable, or even implementable in the current Austrian health care framework would need careful consideration.... None of that saves the argument in the initial tweet [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1487043954654818316
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pioneerworks.org pioneerworks.org
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Neuropsychiatrists at UCLA had found a willing partner in Governor Reagan’s California Department of Justice, to the tune of $750,000 (equivalent to roughly $4.5 million today), and a whopping $1.5 million from the state. It was prominently affiliated with researchers like Vernon Mark and Frank Ervin, who had gained scientific fame for their work creating brain implants in human patients to change behavior and motivation; also on board was former LAPD police chief James Fiske, a man known for terrorizing the city’s Black population.
It looks like Ronald Reagan had issues with mental health care even as far back as the 1970s. This incident at UCLA was just a precursor to defunding state mental health care that was already apparently having issues at the time.
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www.thedailybeast.com www.thedailybeast.com
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Baragona, P. M., Justin. (2021, October 18). Anti-Vaxxers Are Already Trying to Weaponize Powell’s Death. The Daily Beast. https://www.thedailybeast.com/colin-powells-vaccinated-coronavirus-death-triggers-anti-vaxxer-frenzy
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- Mar 2022
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toronto.ctvnews.ca toronto.ctvnews.ca
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“So far, most trials that have compared COVID-19 mortality between jurisdictions with stringent lockdowns against those with more liberal approaches have not demonstrated any mortality reduction from the more stringent policies,” he said.
That's bollocks. Even when this article was published it was bollocks. There was evidence from all around the world that lockdowns work.
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twitter.com twitter.com
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The Ferrari Lab. (2021, July 19). He had me from the start … but then the AI clip rocketed this one to the top of my list of best COVID vaccine explainers … sorry fork hands, it was a good run. [Tweet]. @TheFerrariLab. https://twitter.com/TheFerrariLab/status/1417113413403164673
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ausvaxsafety.org.au ausvaxsafety.org.au
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Home | AusVaxSafety. (n.d.). Retrieved 23 March 2022, from https://ausvaxsafety.org.au/
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Benjamin Mason Meier. (2022, March 13). Having examined the CDC Director’s admonition—“Your health is in your hands”—As a moral failure https://thelancet.com/journals/eclinm/article/PIIS2589-5370(21)00351-5/fulltext, our new article reflects on rising individualism in US COVID-19 policy, undermining collective action, health equity & human rights https://sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589537022000712 https://t.co/EwG9fUUQC2 [Tweet]. @BenjaminMMeier. https://twitter.com/BenjaminMMeier/status/1502989273125036032
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www.thetimes.co.uk www.thetimes.co.uk
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Whipple, T. (n.d.). Pfizer’s Mr Big: My $2 billion gamble to beat Covid. Retrieved 14 March 2022, from https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/pfizers-mr-big-my-2-billion-gamble-to-beat-covid-gdfgm2qch
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Study shows continued face mask use offers economic benefits. (n.d.). Baylor College of Medicine. Retrieved 14 March 2022, from https://www.bcm.edu/news/study-shows-continued-face-mask-use-offers-economic-benefits
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medicalxpress.com medicalxpress.com
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University, G. W. (n.d.). Facebook’s vaccine misinformation policy reduces anti-vax information. Retrieved March 7, 2022, from https://medicalxpress.com/news/2022-03-facebook-vaccine-misinformation-policy-anti-vax.html
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- Feb 2022
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edmontonjournal.com edmontonjournal.com
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Mackenzie County won’t contract businesses with ‘coercive’ COVID-19 vaccine mandates, reeve says. (n.d.). Edmontonjournal. Retrieved 28 February 2022, from https://edmontonjournal.com/news/local-news/mackenzie-county-wont-contract-businesses-with-coercive-covid-19-vaccine-mandates-reeve-says
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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indie_SAGE. (2022, February 11). Indie_SAGE 11.02.2022. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0GC9QsKfrNc
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www.nature.com www.nature.com
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Spinney, L. (2022). Pandemics disable people—The history lesson that policymakers ignore. Nature, 602(7897), 383–385. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-022-00414-x
Tags
- policymaker
- disability
- flu
- disablism
- acute
- history
- long influenza
- disability rights
- health economy
- lang:en
- vulnerable
- COVID-19
- pandemic
- long covid
- chronic
- mortality
- brain damage
- pre-existing condition
- risk
- neurological symptoms
- ableism
- policy
- is:article
- COVID-induced disability
- morbidity
- children
- hospitalization
Annotators
URL
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gothamist.com gothamist.com
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How cherry-picking science became the center of the anti-mask movement. (2022, February 14). Gothamist. https://gothamist.com
Tags
- education
- normalcy
- is:news
- public health measure
- social distancing
- COVID-19
- mortality
- mask wearing
- political spectrum
- partisanship
- social media
- school
- science
- vaccine
- behavioral science
- Republican
- New York
- lang:en
- conservative
- Democrat
- fact check
- protection
- psychology
- vaccination rate
- scientific evidence
- cherry-picking
- policy
- effectiveness
- face mask
- paediatric
- government
- misinformation
- children
- mask mandate
Annotators
URL
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Eric Feigl-Ding. (2022, January 17). Pandemic leadership matters. #COVID19 mortality per capita by state. 📍Public health is policy, policy is politics. 📍Human behavior is often driven by misinformation. 📍Misinformation is often driven by politics. 📍Politics can be changed by voting—Unless voters can’t. Https://t.co/pFkndQZrfr [Tweet]. @DrEricDing. https://twitter.com/DrEricDing/status/1483181226815012867
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www.cbc.ca www.cbc.ca
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Smyth, G., & News ·, L. D. · C. (2022, February 9). 2 B.C. doctors went on a COVID-19 speaking tour. Colleagues say their misinformation put public at risk | CBC News. CBC. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/bc-doctors-covid-misinformation-1.6334580
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twitter.com twitter.com
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ReconfigBehSci. (2022, January 14). man who contracted potentially disease and then violated public health orders tries to cross borders by providing incorrect info on key docs = just fine is not something I foresaw from this corner... Once consistency is thrown out as a standard, rational debate is impossible... [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1481929150042619908
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blog.petrieflom.law.harvard.edu blog.petrieflom.law.harvard.edu
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wparmet. (2022, January 5). Major Questions about Vaccine Mandates, the Supreme Court, and the Major Questions Doctrine. Bill of Health. http://blog.petrieflom.law.harvard.edu/2022/01/05/major-questions-vaccine-mandates-supreme-court/
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www.theatlantic.com www.theatlantic.com
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Schwitzgebel, E. (2022, February 3). The COVID Jerk. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2022/02/covid-jerk-sarah-palin/621466/
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- Jan 2022
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www.ifw-kiel.de www.ifw-kiel.de
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Bayerlein, M., Boese, V. A., Gates, S., Kamin, K., & Murshed, S. M. (2021). Populism and COVID-19: How Populist Governments (Mis)Handle the Pandemic. 2(3): 389–428. https://doi.org/10.1561/113.00000043
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www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
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Patone, M., Mei, X. W., Handunnetthi, L., Dixon, S., Zaccardi, F., Shankar-Hari, M., Watkinson, P., Khunti, K., Harnden, A., Coupland, C. A., Channon, K. M., Mills, N. L., Sheikh, A., & Hippisley-Cox, J. (2021). Risk of myocarditis following sequential COVID-19 vaccinations by age and sex (p. 2021.12.23.21268276). medRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.12.23.21268276
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www.jci.org www.jci.org
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Hotez, P. J. (2021). America’s deadly flirtation with antiscience and the medical freedom movement. The Journal of Clinical Investigation, 131(7). https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI149072
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drury-sussex-the-crowd.blogspot.com drury-sussex-the-crowd.blogspot.com
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Drury, P. J. (2021, December 31). the crowd: Three forms of Covid leadership. The Crowd. https://drury-sussex-the-crowd.blogspot.com/2021/12/three-forms-of-covid-leadership.html
Tags
- is:blog
- collective response
- coercion
- laissez faire leadership
- vaccination programme
- psychology
- social distancing
- strategy
- COVID-19
- interdependence
- UK
- public health measures
- authority
- mitigation
- mandate
- risk
- society
- leadership
- safety
- public
- common sense
- engagement
- societal level
- coercive leadership
- policy
- identity leadership
- lang:en
- responsibility
- punishment
- ventilation
Annotators
URL
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www.npr.org www.npr.org
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Chappell, B. (2022, January 13). Quebec’s “unvaxxed tax” has people rushing to get vaccinated. NPR. https://www.npr.org/2022/01/13/1072775645/quebec-covid-19-unvaccinated-tax
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www.politico.eu www.politico.eu
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France joins other EU countries in toughening rules for COVID pass. (2022, January 6). POLITICO. https://www.politico.eu/article/french-parliament-approves-covid-vaccine-pass/
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Carl T. Bergstrom. (2022, January 14). Simple as pie. Https://t.co/tWuTE9Wt3C [Tweet]. @CT_Bergstrom. https://twitter.com/CT_Bergstrom/status/1481897807518654464
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theconversation.com theconversation.com
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Stanford, J. (n.d.). Healthy humans drive the economy: We’re now witnessing one of the worst public policy failures in Australia’s history. The Conversation. Retrieved January 12, 2022, from http://theconversation.com/healthy-humans-drive-the-economy-were-now-witnessing-one-of-the-worst-public-policy-failures-in-australias-history-174606
Tags
- supply chain
- staff shortage
- manufacturing
- Australia
- health care
- emergency services
- restrictions
- labour
- lockdown
- data
- transportation
- COVID-19
- Omicron
- is:webpage
- production
- workforce
- child care
- policy
- economy
- agriculture
- technology
- government
- lang:en
- isolation
- logistics
- essential services
Annotators
URL
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Banerjee, A. (2022, January 12). I’m leading a long Covid trial – it’s clear Britain has underestimated its impact. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2022/jan/12/long-covid-trial-britain-short-term-virus
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www.bbc.co.uk www.bbc.co.uk
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The drama of Peru’s Covid orphans. (2021, December 30). BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-59732686
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- Dec 2021
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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WIlliams, S. N., & Dienes, K. (2021). ‘Variant fatigue’? Public attitudes to COVID-19 18 months into the pandemic: A qualitative study. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/vam4t
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www.cbc.ca www.cbc.ca
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News ·, P. P. · C. (2021, December 13). How neighbours and communities are divided over COVID-19 in this rural Alberta county | CBC News. CBC. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/northwest-alberta-has-lowest-vaccination-rate-in-province-1.6280652
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Covid: UK reports highest daily cases since the pandemic began. (2021, December 15). BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-59673150
Tags
- education
- booster
- epidemic
- restrictions
- is:news
- data
- guidance
- COVID-19
- Omicron
- modeling
- daily cases
- variant
- UK
- delta
- mask wearing
- socialising
- Christmas
- policy
- statistics
- mental health
- vaccine
- NHS
- legislation
- covid pass
- government
- lang:en
- mask mandate
- testing
- ventilation
- hospitalization
Annotators
URL
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www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
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Colosi, E., Bassignana, G., Contreras, D. A., Poirier, C., Boëlle, P.-Y., Cauchemez, S., Yazdanpanah, Y., Lina, B., Fontanet, A., Barrat, A., & Colizza, V. (2021). Screening and vaccination against COVID-19 to minimize school closure (p. 2021.08.15.21261243). https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.08.15.21261243
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www.forexlive.com www.forexlive.com
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Weekend—Switzerland votes to support government COVID-19 measures. (n.d.). ForexLive. Retrieved December 3, 2021, from https://www.forexlive.com/news/!/weekend-switzerland-votes-to-support-government-covid-19-measures-20211129
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- Nov 2021
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unherd.com unherd.com
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The Left’s Covid failure. (2021, November 23). UnHerd. https://unherd.com/2021/11/the-lefts-covid-failure/
Tags
- polarization
- right-wing
- left-wing
- public health
- vaccination
- political affiliation
- lockdown
- neoliberalism
- lang:en
- socio-economic
- transmission
- COVID-19
- intervention
- is:webpage
- political spectrum
- social media
- policy
- science
- mainstream
- vaccine
- economy
- Western society
- government
- socialism
- epidemiology
- working class
- COVID passport
- economics
- strategy
- income
Annotators
URL
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Otte, J. (2021, November 11). ‘No jab, no job’: Care home workers in England on the Covid vaccine mandate. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/society/2021/nov/11/england-care-home-workers-on-mandatory-covid-vaccines
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www.menshealth.com www.menshealth.com
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Caulfield, T. (2021, October 18). The Golden Age of Junk Science Is Killing Us. Men’s Health. https://www.menshealth.com/health/a37910261/how-junk-science-and-misinformation-hurt-us/
Tags
- media
- ideology
- wellness
- stigma
- vaccine hesitancy
- discrimination
- fake news
- pseudoscience
- vaccine-safety
- health
- news
- negativity bias
- trust
- COVID-19
- wellbeing
- is:webpage
- popular culture
- worldview
- social media
- policy
- science
- infodemic
- vaccine
- scientific community
- misinformation
- lang:en
- conspiracy theory
Annotators
URL
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Wiseman, E. (2021, October 17). The dark side of wellness: The overlap between spiritual thinking and far-right conspiracies. The Observer. https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2021/oct/17/eva-wiseman-conspirituality-the-dark-side-of-wellness-how-it-all-got-so-toxic
Tags
- ideology
- wellness
- online community
- anti-vaccine
- is:news
- influencer
- pseudoscience
- debunking
- psychology
- health
- uncertainty
- QAnon
- trust
- conspirituality
- wellness industry
- wellbeing
- right wing
- spirituality
- worldview
- social media
- disinformation
- policy
- mental health
- Center for Countering Digital Hate
- science
- infodemic
- misinformation
- lang:en
- conspiracy theory
Annotators
URL
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news.harvard.edu news.harvard.edu
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Writer, L. M. H. S. (2021, March 25). Harvard experts discuss the history of social distancing. Harvard Gazette. https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2021/03/harvard-experts-discuss-the-history-of-social-distancing/
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Dr Nisreen Alwan 🌻. (2021, October 30). Mass infection of kids with a virus less than 2 years old is not ethical, not moral, not scientifically evidenced, not socially just & medically risky. There’s no good argument for this. And no, boosting population immunity to protect the adults is not a valid argument. #Childism [Tweet]. @Dr2NisreenAlwan. https://twitter.com/Dr2NisreenAlwan/status/1454498829403922440
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- Oct 2021
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Gregory, A., Stewart, H., & Sample, I. (2021, October 19). Implement ‘plan B’ winter measures now or risk NHS crisis, Johnson warned. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/oct/19/implement-plan-b-winter-measures-now-or-risk-nhs-crisis-johnson-warned
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www.frontiersin.org www.frontiersin.org
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Clift, A. K., von Ende, A., Tan, P. S., Sallis, H. M., Lindson, N., Coupland, C. A. C., Munafò, M. R., Aveyard, P., Hippisley-Cox, J., & Hopewell, J. C. (2021). Smoking and COVID-19 outcomes: An observational and Mendelian randomisation study using the UK Biobank cohort. Thorax, thoraxjnl-2021-217080. https://doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217080
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- Sep 2021
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journalofethics.ama-assn.org journalofethics.ama-assn.org
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Schwartz, J. L. (2012). New Media, Old Messages: Themes in the History of Vaccine Hesitancy and Refusal. AMA Journal of Ethics, 14(1), 50–55. https://doi.org/10.1001/virtualmentor.2012.14.1.mhst1-1201
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academic.oup.com academic.oup.com
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- coronavirus
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(2) Dr Nicole E Basta on Twitter: “There is SO MUCH misunderstanding about what a #vaccine #mandate IS & what a vaccine mandate DOES. No one is calling for anyone to be banned. No one is calling for anyone to be forcibly vaccinated. Please, gather 'round and listen up, so you know what we’re talking about... 1/n” / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved August 23, 2021, from https://twitter.com/IDEpiPhD/status/1428410251884302336?s=20
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- COVID passport
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- Madeira
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Feng, L., Zhang, T., Wang, Q., Xie, Y., Peng, Z., Zheng, J., Qin, Y., Zhang, M., Lai, S., Wang, D., Feng, Z., Li, Z., & Gao, G. F. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 outbreaks and interventions on influenza in China and the United States. Nature Communications, 12(1), 3249. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23440-1
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- health policy
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- side effect
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- is:news
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- Oxford
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- medicine
- risk
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- vaccine
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- global health
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Taddio, A., Chambers, C. T., Halperin, S. A., Ipp, M., Lockett, D., Rieder, M. J., & Shah, V. (2009). Inadequate pain management during routine childhood immunizations: The nerve of it. Clinical Therapeutics, 31, S152–S167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinthera.2009.07.022
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Trout, L. J., & Kleinman, A. (2020). Covid-19 Requires a Social Medicine Response. Frontiers in Sociology, 5. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2020.579991
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The COVID-19 Vaccine Communication Handbook | A practical guide for improving vaccine communication and fighting misinformation. (n.d.). Retrieved January 14, 2021, from https://rri-tools.eu/-/the-covid-19-vaccine-communication-handbook-a-practical-guide-for-improving-vaccine-communication-and-fighting-misinformation
Tags
- education
- is:webpage
- community
- handbook
- public
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- science
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- vaccine
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- lang:en
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- guidance
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- COVID-19
Annotators
URL
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Diseases, T. L. I. (2021). An exceptional vaccination policy in exceptional circumstances. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 21(2), 149. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00008-6
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Dr Kamna Kakkar. (2021, April 20). If things come down to this, doctors are going to be at the recieving end of all patient wrath. As much as I pray for Delhi patients’ lives, I pray for the safety of my colleagues. #DelhiLockdown https://t.co/Q7RaIj68RB [Tweet]. @drkamnakakkar. https://twitter.com/drkamnakakkar/status/1384535301243109380
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www.thelancet.com www.thelancet.com
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Greenhalgh, Trisha, Jose L. Jimenez, Kimberly A. Prather, Zeynep Tufekci, David Fisman, and Robert Schooley. ‘Ten Scientific Reasons in Support of Airborne Transmission of SARS-CoV-2’. The Lancet 0, no. 0 (15 April 2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00869-2.
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Lawton, G. (n.d.). We can’t let vaccines create bad incentives that make things worse. New Scientist. Retrieved 13 April 2021, from https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg25033291-000-we-cant-let-vaccines-create-bad-incentives-that-make-things-worse/
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Thrasher, S. W. (n.d.). Global Vaccine Equity Is Much More Important Than ‘Vaccine Passports’ Scientific American. Retrieved 13 April 2021, from https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/global-vaccine-equity-is-much-more-important-than-vaccine-passports/
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Graham, M. S., Sudre, C. H., May, A., Antonelli, M., Murray, B., Varsavsky, T., Kläser, K., Canas, L. S., Molteni, E., Modat, M., Drew, D. A., Nguyen, L. H., Polidori, L., Selvachandran, S., Hu, C., Capdevila, J., Koshy, C., Ash, A., Wise, E., … Ourselin, S. (2021). Changes in symptomatology, reinfection, and transmissibility associated with the SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7: An ecological study. The Lancet Public Health, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(21)00055-4
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Christina Pagel: A very real danger that covid-19 will become entrenched as a disease of poverty. (2021, April 9). The BMJ. https://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2021/04/09/christina-pagel-a-very-real-danger-that-covid-19-will-become-entrenched-as-a-disease-of-poverty/
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- Mar 2021
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blogs.bmj.com blogs.bmj.com
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You cannot practice public health without engaging in politics. (2021, March 29). The BMJ. https://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2021/03/29/you-cannot-practice-public-health-without-engaging-in-politics/
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Isch, C., Beltran, D. G., Ayers, J., Alcock, J., Cronk, L., Hurmuz-Sklias, H., Tidball, K. G., Horn, A. V., Todd, P. M., & Aktipis, A. (2021). What predicts attitudes about mask wearing? PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/jvspx
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Vaughan, A. (n.d.). Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy in poorest countries is lower than in US. New Scientist. Retrieved 25 March 2021, from https://www.newscientist.com/article/2271540-covid-19-vaccine-hesitancy-in-poorest-countries-is-lower-than-in-us/
Tags
- pandemic
- global
- low-income country
- politics
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- vaccine hesitancy
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- is:article
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- COVID-19
Annotators
URL
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Lovari, A., Martino, V., & Righetti, N. (2021). Blurred Shots: Investigating the Information Crisis Around Vaccination in Italy. American Behavioral Scientist, 65(2), 351–370. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764220910245
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Metcalf, C. J. E., Morris, D. H., & Park, S. W. (2020). Mathematical models to guide pandemic response. Science, 369(6502), 368–369. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abd1668
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Schwarzinger, M., Flicoteaux, R., Cortarenoda, S., Obadia, Y., & Moatti, J.-P. (2010). Low Acceptability of A/H1N1 Pandemic Vaccination in French Adult Population: Did Public Health Policy Fuel Public Dissonance? PLOS ONE, 5(4), e10199. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0010199
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Giubilini, A., Caviola, L., Maslen, H., Douglas, T., Nussberger, A.-M., Faber, N., Vanderslott, S., Loving, S., Harrison, M., & Savulescu, J. (2019). Nudging Immunity: The Case for Vaccinating Children in School and Day Care by Default. HEC Forum, 31(4), 325–344. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10730-019-09383-7
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Jenkins, P., Sikora, K., & Dolan, P. (2021). Life-Years and Lockdowns: Estimating the Effects on Covid-19 and Cancer Outcomes from the UK’s Response to the Pandemic. 1, 3.
Tags
- UK
- mortality
- pandemic
- cancer
- policy
- is:article
- mental health
- economy
- lockdown
- social service
- lang:en
- health
- COVID-19
Annotators
URL
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twitter.com twitter.com
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David R Tomlinson 💙. (2021, March 5). Truth. 💙 @FreshAirNHS @theRCN @TheBMA @mancunianmedic @DrLindaDykes @Chakladar_A @KGadhok https://t.co/Ke2C84KuaT https://t.co/C469qvrSoK [Tweet]. @DRTomlinsonEP. https://twitter.com/DRTomlinsonEP/status/1367962251211202566
Tags
- PPE
- DHSC
- is:tweet
- economic issues
- advisory bodies
- PHE
- misleading
- respiratory conditions
- policy contexts
- health and care workers
- guidance
- respiratory protection
- SARS-CoV-2
- transmission
- care homes
- COVID-19
- variant
- ethical guidelines
- misinformation
- government
- lang:en
- infections
- scientists
Annotators
URL
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www.bloomberg.com www.bloomberg.com
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Moderna Plans Multi-Pronged Approach on Virus Variants. (2021, February 24). Bloomberg.Com. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-02-24/moderna-plans-multi-pronged-approach-to-tackling-virus-variants
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www.thelancet.com www.thelancet.com
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Brown, Rebecca C. H., Julian Savulescu, Dominic Kelly, and Dominic Wilkinson. ‘A Public Health Ethic Should Inform Policies on COVID-19 Immunity Passports – Authors’ Reply’. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 0, no. 0 (7 December 2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30922-1.
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‘How Slovakia Tested 3.6 Million People for COVID-19 in a Single Weekend’. Accessed 26 February 2021. https://www.bi.team/blogs/how-slovakia-tested-3-6-million-people-for-covid-19-in-a-single-weekend/.
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content.iospress.com content.iospress.com
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Kaiser, K. A., Chodacki, J., Habermann, T., Kemp, J., Paglione, L., Urberg, M., & Scott Plutchak, T. (2020). Metadata: The accelerant we need. Information Services & Use, 40(3), 181–191. https://doi.org/10.3233/ISU-200094
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Ramamurti, R. (2020, October 27). Global Crowdsourcing Can Help the U.S. Beat the Pandemic. Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org/2020/10/global-crowdsourcing-can-help-the-u-s-beat-the-pandemic
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Daley, Jim. ‘How to Decide Who Should Get a COVID-19 Vaccine First’. Scientific American. Accessed 26 February 2021. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-to-decide-who-should-get-a-covid-19-vaccine-first/.
Tags
- prevention
- national
- ethics
- education
- long term
- public health
- vaccination
- is:news
- elderly
- vulnerable
- COVID-19
- WHO
- united states
- policy
- economy
- lang:en
- mortality
Annotators
URL
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www.bmj.com www.bmj.com
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Increasing the impact of health research through co-production of knowledge | The BMJ. (n.d.). Retrieved 16 February 2021, from https://www.bmj.com/co-producing-knowledge?utm_source=twitter&utm_medium=social&utm_term=hootsuite&utm_content=sme&utm_campaign=usage
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blogs.bmj.com blogs.bmj.com
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BMJ GH Blogs. ‘An Effective National Response to COVID-19: What Not to Learn from Sweden’. BMJ Global Health blog, 1 November 2020. https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjgh/2020/11/01/covid-19-what-not-to-learn-from-sweden/.
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Wise, J. (2021). Covid-19: Extra 1.7 million people in England are asked to shield. BMJ, 372, n467. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n467
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COVID-19 vaccine rollout may be delayed—With IT system ‘failing constantly’. (n.d.). Sky News. Retrieved 2 March 2021, from https://news.sky.com/story/covid-19-vaccine-rollout-may-be-delayed-with-it-system-failing-constantly-12164829
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To end covid-19, we must end discrimination and inequality. (2021, March 1). The BMJ. https://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2021/03/01/to-end-covid-19-we-must-end-discrimination-and-inequality/
Tags
- global
- public policy
- inequality
- community
- healthcare
- health policy
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- reduction
- pandemic
- human development
- sustainable development
- is:article
- law
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- lang:en
- global population
Annotators
URL
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rapidreviewscovid19.mitpress.mit.edu rapidreviewscovid19.mitpress.mit.edu
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Editorial Office · Rapid Reviews COVID-19. (n.d.). Rapid Reviews COVID-19. Retrieved 6 March 2021, from https://rapidreviewscovid19.mitpress.mit.edu/editors2
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‘Fact Check: Claim about Neil Ferguson’s Covid-19 Predictions’. Accessed 5 March 2021. https://theferret.scot/fact-check-neil-ferguson-covid-19-predictions/.
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Rietz, H. (2020, November 18). Intensivmedizin am Anschlag: Zertifizierte Betten sind belegt. Neue Zürcher Zeitung. https://www.nzz.ch/wissenschaft/intensivmedizin-am-anschlag-zertifizierte-betten-sind-belegt-ld.1587675
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Rowland Manthorpe. (2020, December 16). What’s happening with the data about the vaccine? Well, let’s put it this way: There’s a lot to sort out A THREAD on my reporting today [Tweet]. @rowlsmanthorpe. https://twitter.com/rowlsmanthorpe/status/1339347825147195392
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www.bloomberg.com www.bloomberg.com
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Covid-19 Isn’t the Only Thing Shortening American Lives. (2021, February 23). Bloomberg.Com. https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2021-02-23/covid-19-isn-t-the-only-thing-shortening-american-lives
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Behaviour change: Guides for national and local government and partners. (n.d.). GOV.UK. Retrieved 1 March 2021, from https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/behaviour-change-guide-for-local-government-and-partners
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All data related to Coronavirus (COVID-19) Infection Survey, UK: 24 December 2020—Office for National Statistics. (n.d.). Retrieved 1 March 2021, from https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/conditionsanddiseases/bulletins/coronaviruscovid19infectionsurveypilot/24december2020/relateddata
Tags
- pandemic
- is:webpage
- community
- transmissibility
- infection
- household transmissibility
- policy
- household
- government
- lang:en
- health
- COVID-19
Annotators
URL
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- Feb 2021
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www.scientificamerican.com www.scientificamerican.com
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McKenna, S. (n.d.). COVID Models Show How to Avoid Future Lockdowns. Scientific American. Retrieved 26 February 2021, from https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/covid-models-show-how-to-avoid-future-lockdowns/
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Pskowski, M. (2021, February 24). ‘It doesn’t feel worth it’: Covid-19 is pushing New York’s EMTs to the brink. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/feb/24/new-york-paramedics-emts-covid-19-pandemic
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Siva, N. (2021). Severe mental illness: Reassessing COVID-19 vaccine priorities. The Lancet, 397(10275), 657. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00429-3
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Potential Side Effects of COVID-19 Vaccines. (n.d.). HackMD. Retrieved 22 February 2021, from https://hackmd.io/@scibehC19vax/sideeffects
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Qin, A., & Wang, V. (2020, January 22). Wuhan, Center of Coronavirus Outbreak, Is Being Cut Off by Chinese Authorities. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/22/world/asia/china-coronavirus-travel.html
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Aknin, L., Neve, J.-E. D., Dunn, E., Fancourt, D., Goldberg, E., Helliwell, J., Jones, S. P., Karam, E., Layard, R., Lyubomirsky, S., Rzepa, A., Saxena, S., Thornton, E., VanderWeele, T., Whillans, A., Zaki, J., Caman, O. K., & Amour, Y. B. (2021). A Review and Response to the Early Mental Health and Neurological Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/zw93g
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Imperial News. “Staff ‘need Clearer Guidance’ as COVID Overwhelms ICUs | Imperial News | Imperial College London.” Accessed February 19, 2021. https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/212833/staff-need-clearer-guidance-covid-overwhelms/.
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Turk, E., Čelik, T., Smrdu, M., Šet, J., Kuder, A., Gregorič, M., & Kralj-Fišer, S. (2021). ADHERENCE TO COVID-19 MITIGATION MEASURES IN SLOVENIA: THE ROLE OF SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC AND PERSONALITY FACTORS. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/hrfyk
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ucl.zoom.us ucl.zoom.us
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Zoom Video. “Welcome! You Are Invited to Join a Webinar: CEPEO (UCL)’s Research Seminar: Dr. Claire Crawford, University of Birmingham. After Registering, You Will Receive a Confirmation Email about Joining the Webinar.” Accessed February 19, 2021. https://ucl.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_RLY7x51NTSm-QGl4a-gCKw.
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Chris Ham: The United Kingdom’s poor record on covid-19 is a failure of policy learning. (2021, January 26). The BMJ. https://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2021/01/26/chris-ham-the-united-kingdoms-poor-record-on-covid-19-is-a-failure-of-policy-learning/
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Levin, A. T., Hanage, W. P., Owusu-Boaitey, N., Cochran, K. B., Walsh, S. P., & Meyerowitz-Katz, G. (2020). Assessing the age specificity of infection fatality rates for COVID-19: Systematic review, meta-analysis, and public policy implications. European Journal of Epidemiology, 35(12), 1123–1138. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-020-00698-1
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Cruwys, T., Stevens, M., Donaldson, J. L., Cardenas, D., Platow, M. J., Reynolds, K. J., & Fong, P. (2021). Perceived COVID-19 risk is attenuated by ingroup trust: Evidence from three empirical studies. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/94sd3
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Early Data Shows Striking Racial Disparities In Who’s Getting The COVID-19 Vaccine. (n.d.). NPR.Org. Retrieved 11 February 2021, from https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2021/01/28/961703505/early-data-shows-striking-racial-disparities-in-whos-getting-the-covid-19-vaccin
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Urminsky, O., & Bergman, A. (2021). The Masked Majority: Underprediction Of Widespread Support For Covid-19 Safety Policies. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/fhdkv
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Pak, A., McBryde, E., & Adegboye, O. A. (2021, January 26).
Does High Public Trust Amplify Compliance with Stringent COVID-19 Government Health Guidelines? A Multi-country Analysis Using Data from 102,627 Individuals
. Risk Management and Healthcare Policy; Dove Press. https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S278774
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- Jan 2021
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www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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Sadique, M. Z., Devlin, N., Edmunds, W. J., & Parkin, D. (2013). The Effect of Perceived Risks on the Demand for Vaccination: Results from a Discrete Choice Experiment. PLoS ONE, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0054149
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twitter.com twitter.com
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ReconfigBehSci [@SciBeh] (2020, August) I'm familiar with those constraints/arguments- but keeping family members of infected individuals isolated is one of the most basic public health measure - it surely would be legal to mandate, particularly given the role pre/asymptomatic spread? no? Twitter. Retrieved from: https://twitter.com/i/web/status/1295726328994566144
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Smith, R., Myrick, J. G., Lennon, R. P., Martin, M. A., Small, M. L., Scoy, L. J. V., & Group, D. R. (2020). Optimizing COVID-19 Health Campaigns: A Person-Centered Approach. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/xuefh
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- Dec 2020
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www.latimes.com www.latimes.com
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The official definition of a “close contact” — 15 minutes, within six feet — isn’t foolproof.
The takeaway: The official definition of a "close contact" for COVID-19 is not foolproof.
The claim: The official definition of a "close contact" - 15 minutes, within six feet - isn't foolproof.
The evidence: In Korea, a person sitting in a restaurant 6.5 meters (>20ft) away from the COVID index case for five minutes was infected, most likely because airflow from the air conditioner carried droplets with COVID-19 from the infected person to the person who became infected (1). How common transmission across large distances occurs is still debated (2). As several indoor outbreaks were attributed to airborne transmission, precautions to prevent airborne COVID transmission are needed (3). Examples include better air filtration/UV to kill virus in the system, increased air flow from outside, avoidance of recirculating interior air, and avoiding overcrowding in interior spaces.
Sources:
1) https://jkms.org/DOIx.php?id=10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e415
2) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166093420302858?via%3Dihub
3) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7454469/pdf/ciaa939.pdf
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www.scientificamerican.com www.scientificamerican.com
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Achakulwisut, P. (n.d.). The U.S. Risks Locking In a Climate Health Crisis in Response to COVID. Scientific American. Retrieved December 10, 2020, from https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-u-s-risks-locking-in-a-climate-health-crisis-in-response-to-covid/
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- Nov 2020
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www.acpjournals.org www.acpjournals.org
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The recommendation to wear surgical masks to supplement other public health measures did not reduce the SARS-CoV-2 infection rate among wearers by more than 50% in a community with modest infection rates, some degree of social distancing, and uncommon general mask use.
The takeaway: While minimal protection occurs when a mask is worn in a place where many others are not wearing a mask, community masking is associated with a reduction in COVID cases.
The claim: In a community with modest infection rates, some social distancing, and most people not wearing masks, wearing a surgical mask did not reduce the SARS-CoV-2 infection rate by more than 50%.
The evidence: This study showed that wearing a mask in a community where most people did not wear a mask, did not reduce the risk of getting infected by 50%. Fewer COVID infections were reported in the mask group than in the unmasked group. This study agrees with a meta analysis which showed that masks resulted in a decrease in infections but did not prevent all infections (1) According to the CDC, seven studies have shown community level benefit when masking recommendations were made (2).
When most in the community are not wearing masks, social distancing, and washing hands, wearing a mask alone provides minimal protection to the mask wearer. Community wide masking is associated with a reduction in COVID cases (2).
Sources:
1) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29140516/
2) https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/more/masking-science-sars-cov2.html
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www.justfacts.com www.justfacts.com
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Anxiety From Reactions to Covid-19 Will Destroy At Least Seven Times More Years of Life Than Can Be Saved by Lockdowns
Take away: Though the number of COVID deaths prevented and the exact number of years lost due directly to decreases in mental health from lockdowns is at best a rough estimate, several facts are known. Lockdowns decrease mental health, and a decrease in mental health shortens lives too.
The claim: Anxiety from reactions to COVID-19 will destroy at least seven times more years of life than can be saved by lockdowns.
The evidence: This article references many studies detailing the anxiety surrounding COVID-19 (1-4). These studies indicate that many people have increased stress due to COVID. Nature Public Health Emergency Collection reports that the mental health cost of widespread lockdowns may negate the lives saved by this policy (5). This article lists many articles which describe the effect of stay-at-home orders on mental health. Additionally, the effect of poor mental health on physical outcomes is well-defined. Poor mental health shortens lives. Other factors with COVID such as negative media coverage and dealing with job loss and death are also described as negatively affecting mental health. It is unclear how much of the negative mental health outcomes is directly related to lockdowns and what is contributed to the disease, job loss, future uncertainty, and continuous media coverage.
Several supporting facts used in this article are now outdated or could use clarification. Many assumptions are detailed in this article to estimate the number of years lost due to mental harm caused by lockdowns. One example is the authors used a survey of 1,266 patients to estimate the number of people in the United States who have suffered mental harm from lockdowns. These estimates are challenging to conclusively verify. The authors did choose the conservative estimate for each of their numbers. One example of an outdated number is the predicted number of deaths was 114,228 by August 4th. The actual number of deaths per Johns Hopkins was 157,500 (6).
Based on the facts, anxiety and mental disorders can be deadly. Lockdowns result in an increase in poor mental health. The exact number of years lost due to poor mental health directly resulting from lockdowns is less clear. Poor mental health may also result from constant media coverage, loss of loved ones and fear of the future.
The sources:
2) https://www.kff.org/health-reform/report/kff-health-tracking-poll-early-april-2020/
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- Oct 2020
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Experts say closing borders early and tightly regulating travel have gone a long way toward fighting the virus. Other factors include rigorous contact tracing, technology-enforced quarantine and universal mask wearing. Further, Taiwan’s deadly experience with SARS has scared people into compliance.
The Takeaway: The combination of closing borders, tightly regulating travel, effective quarantine of all exposed people using cell phone data for enforcement, and universal mask wearing contributed to effectively keeping COVID-19 from infecting most of Taiwan's population.
The claim: Closing borders early, tightly regulating travel, contact tracing, technology-enforced quarantine, universal mask wearing, and Taiwan's previous deadly experience with SARS resulted in control of SARS-CoV-2 in Taiwan.
The evidence: The earlier COVID-19 cases are stopped from entering a country, the fewer cases will be present to spread the disease to others. To illustrate, it is easier to stop a trickle of water than to try to dam up a flood and easier to extinguish a candle than a forest fire. Taiwan closed its borders on January 23rd, 2020 (1). The Philippines closed their borders on February 2nd, 2020 (2). Tightly regulating travel will help to stop cases before they enter the country. Effective quarantining the few cases and contacts of the cases which do enter a country is critical to preventing the spread of the disease within the country. Taiwan used mobile telephone data to enforce quarantine (1). Without quarantine, each infected person will spread COVID-19 to 2-6 additional people based on the R0 (3, 4). Universal masking will help slow the spread of disease (5). Previous experience with controlling a deadly disease will most likely increase compliance to methods to control the disease.
Per Our World in Data website, Taiwan had one of the least stringent government responses to COVID-19 (6). The biweekly number of COVID-19 cases in Taiwan was 23 on October 29, 2020 (7). Neighboring countries had biweekly COVID-19 cases of 372 (China), 28,644 (Philippines), 11,871 (Malaysia), 51 (Vietnam), and 8,142 (Japan). These neighboring countries had more stringent government responses to COVID-19 (6).
Sources:
1) https://focustaiwan.tw/society/202001230011
3) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32234343/
4) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32097725/
5) https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-1132-9#annotations:7jRWRheWEeuY8x_rXDuRjg
6) https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/covid-stringency-index
7) https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/biweekly-confirmed-covid-19-cases
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www.thelocal.se www.thelocal.se
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What you need to know about Sweden’s new local coronavirus recommendations. (2020, October 19). https://www.thelocal.se/20201019/what-you-need-to-know-about-swedens-new-local-coronavirus-recommendations
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