for - The projected timing of climate departure from recent variability - Camilo Mora et al. - 6th mass extinction - biodiversity loss - to - climate departure map - of major cities around the world - 2013

Summary - This is an extremely important paper with a startling conclusion of the magnitude of the social and economic impacts of the biodiversity disruption coming down the pipeline - It is likely that very few governments are prepared to adapt to these levels of ecosystemic disruption - Climate departure is defined as an index of the year when: - The projected mean climate of a given location moves to a state that is - continuously outside the bounds of historical variability - Climate departure is projected to happen regardless of how aggressive our climate mitigation pathway - The business-as-usual (BAU) scenario in the study is RCP85 and leads to a global climate departure mean of 2047 (+/- 14 years s.d.) while - The more aggressive RCP45 scenario (which we are currently far from) leads to a global climate departure mean of 2069 (+/- 18 years s.d.) - So regardless of how aggressive we mitigate, we cannot avoid climate departure. - What consequences will this have on economies around the world? How will we adapt? - The world is not prepared for the vast ecosystem changes, which will reshape our entire economy all around the globe.

from - Nature publication - https://hyp.is/3wZrokX9Ee-XrSvMGWEN2g/www.nature.com/articles/nature12540

to - climate departure map - of major cities around the globe - 2013 - https://hyp.is/tV1UOFsKEe-HFQ-jL-6-cw/www.hawaii.edu/news/2013/10/09/study-in-nature-reveals-urgent-new-time-frame-for-climate-change/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditionalist_Catholicism

related to trad wife movement

The song's criticism on mass media is mainly related to sensationalism.

"Good" things are usually not sensational. They do not demand attention, hence why the code of known/unknown based on selectors for attention filters it out.

Reference Hans-Georg Moeller's explanations of Luhmann's mass media theory based on functionally differentiated systems theory.

Can also compare to Simone Weil's thoughts on collectives and opinion; organizations (thus most part of mass media) should not be allowed to form opinions as this is an act of the intellect, only residing in the individual. Opinion of any form meant to spread lies or parts of the truth rather than the whole truth should be disallowed according to her because truth is a foundational, even the most sacred, need for the soul.

People must be protected against misinformation.

A critique on the Mass Media... The problem is that they want the Mass Media system to operate on the code of "True/False" rather than "Known/Unknown"... But if it were to be so, it would not be Mass Media anymore, but rather the Science System.

For Mass Media to be Mass Media it needs to be concerned with selection and filtering, to condense and make known, not to present "all the facts". Sure, they need to be concerned with truth to a certain degree, but it's not the primary priority.

This is a reflection based on my knowledge of Luhmann's theory of society as functionally differentiated systems; as explained by Hans-Georg Moeller (Carefree Wandering) on YouTube.

for - economic growth - physical limits to - reductio ad absurdum - physical absurdity of continuing current energy and waste heat trends into the near future

paper details - title - Limits to Economic Growth - author - Thomas W. Murphy Jr. - date - 21 July, 2022 - publication - Nature Physics, comment, online - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-022-01652-6

summary - Physicist Thomas W. Murphy employs reductio ab adsurdium logic to prove the fallacy of the assumptions of his argument - In this case, the argument is that we can indefinitely continue to sustain economic growth at rates that have held steady at about 2-3% per annum since the early 1900s. - Using both idealistic and simplified energy and waste heat calculations of energy and waste heat compounding at 2-3% per annum (or 10x per century), Murphy shows the absurd conclusions of continuing these current trends of energy and waste heat emissions on a global scale. - The implications are that physics and thermodynamics will naturally constrain us to plateau to a steady state economy in which the majority of economic activity needs to not depend on physically intensive

from - Planet Critical podcast - 6th Mass Extinction - interview with science journalist Peter Brannen - https://hyp.is/66oSJD-AEe-rN08IjlMu5A/docdrop.org/video/cP8FXbPrEiI/

for - Planet Critical podcast - 6th Mass Extinction - interview with science journalist Peter Brannen

for - transition - renewable energy - won't work - because - the price is wrong! - Brett Christopher - green energy - the price is wrong - transition - alternative to capitalism - book - The Price is Wrong: Why Capitalism won't Save the Planet - Brett Christopher

summary - This book provides rationale for why capitalism won't scale renewable energy, but a public sector government approach might - What about the alternative of community-owned or cooperative-owned energy infrastructure? A pipe dream? - Is renewable energy just not profitable and therefore has to be subsidized? - Perhaps it could be seen as a stopgap to buy us time until fusion, deep geothermal or other viable, scalable options become widespread?

from - Planet Critical podcast - 6th Mass Extinction - interview with paleontologist Peter Brennan - https://hyp.is/3ss3Vj9vEe-iDX-3vRVlFw/docdrop.org/video/cP8FXbPrEiI/

for - answer - Planet Critical podcast - Terrence Deacon - We're in existential crisis - but difficult to convey to most people - why? - human symbolic abilities - mass collaboration

answer - Planet Critical podcast - Terrence Deacon - We're in existential crisis - but difficult to convey to most people - why? - Our symbolic abilities have given us tremendous capacities - Over the past two thousand years, - our ability to communicate - has allowed us to create amazing technologies - Example: James Web telescope - millions of hours of human thought - thousands of people collaborating - now we an look back billions of years - We are no longer isolated minds - Our symbolic capacity allows us to - share thoughts, - collectively plan futures - unlike any other species

14:58 "criminals are hiding among legitimate asylum seekers"<br /> haha, no. there are ZERO "legitimate asylum seekers"

Do some of these same types of stories and mythologies also erase the harm of an over-armed populace with respect to the lack of appropriate gun control and mass shootings versus gun rights in America?

As a country our gun mythology is stronger than our desire to act to improve our (collective) lives....

for - book - If We Burn: The Mass Protest Decades and the Missing Revolution - author: Vincent Bevins

for - mass movements - how they fail - The Ecologist

Summary - A good article exploring why mass movements fail, work for a journalist who has spent years writing about such movements. - In a nutshell, his observations are that modern history shows that leaderless movements are destined to fail because (social) nature abhors a vacuum.

Joy, Bill. “Why the Future Doesn’t Need Us.” Wired, April 1, 2000. https://www.wired.com/2000/04/joy-2/.

Annotation url: urn:x-pdf:753822a812c861180bef23232a806ec0

Annotations: https://jonudell.info/h/facet/?user=chrisaldrich&url=urn%3Ax-pdf%3A753822a812c861180bef23232a806ec0&max=100&exactTagSearch=true&expanded=true

While Joy looks at the Biological and Chemical Weapons Conventions as well as nuclear nonproliferation ideas, the entirety of what he's looking at is also embedded in the idea of gun control in the United States as well. We could choose better, but we actively choose against our better interests.

What role does toxic capitalism have in pushing us towards these antithetical goals? The gun industry and gun lobby have had tremendous interest on that front. Surely ChatGPT and other LLM and AI tools will begin pushing on the profitmaking levers shortly.

also remember "non-conventional" wars like "weapons of mass migration", targetting north america and western europe. the young white males in america and europe will be drafted for "already lost wars" against russia/hamas/ethiopia (suicide mission), and the young black males (migrant invaders) will finally conquer the young white females, creating the "brown race" of slaves for the global elite (the same elite that is preaching the "racism is bad" gospel)

coinage of the phrase knowledge-enabled mass destruction here?

Der grönländische Eisschild verliert aufgrund der globalen Erhitzung 30 Millionen Tonnen Eis pro Stunde und damit 20% mehr als bisher angenommen. Manche Forschende fürchten, dass damit das Risiko eines Kollaps des Amoc größer ist als bisher angenommen. Der Eisverlust ist außerdem relevant für die Berechnung des Energie-Ungleichgewichts der Erde durch Treibhausgas-Emissionen. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2024/jan/17/greenland-losing-30m-tonnes-of-ice-an-hour-study-reveals

Studie: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06863-2.epdf?sharing_token=iqz0ns4_X6P1af3896jdntRgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0Pcew_aMz7qHMDjrF_9OLTexA24mQs8ERV-259eCQry-G1-OcR886jfHOICrWGcm8cGg2VLBlaWiYSzX6VygthHh72iiwkk1tHZcLD1G1oJIqdPha0A1oTMHLlfMAnTQrtd8PDFsj4xKAmTnOSL-6mrcbTbHbswhJaFji9IbAnyGW2pLAYwREeh-QWIL9xUFdsDBojJhNYWYoijtYUQx5YCyfzCJPGOEtlLO_PeIU9Tip8BaF24vqXfHcmad2_vz5eg0jcny8HHzO0uvDtSh_Bhym1eC8D25wZM6uZZ5vH9BA%3D%3D&tracking_referrer=www.theguardian.com

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dancing_mania

How much did these movements inform @Hoffer1951 (2002)?

Hoffer, Eric. The True Believer: Thoughts on the Nature of Mass Movements. Perennial Classics, 2002. https://www.amazon.com/True-Believer-Thoughts-Movements-Perennial/dp/0060505915

overpopulation and degeneration caused by pacifism and civilization,<br /> and the long-overdue depopulation through mass murder on all levels.<br /> hell of a time to be alive... most of us will be dead soon. byee, i hate you all : D

its easy to get lost in complexity here, but i prefer to keep it simple: our *only* problem is overpopulation, which is caused by pacifism = civilization. *all* other problems are only symptoms of overpopulation. these "financial weapons of mass destruction" (warren buffett) have the only purpose of mass murder = to kill the 95% useless eaters. so yes, this is a "controlled demolition" aka "global suicide cult". most of us will die, but we are happy...

financial weapons of mass destruction: the useful idiots believe that they can defeat risk (or generally, defeat death) by centralization on a global scale. they want to build a system that is "too big to fail" and which will "live forever". they use all kinds of tricks to make their slaves "feel safe" and "feel happy", while subconsciously, everything is going to hell in the long run. so this is just another version of "stupid and evil people trying to rule the world". hubris comes before the fall, nothing new. their system will never work, but idiots must try... because "fake it till you make it" = constructivism, mind over matter, fantasy defeats reality, ...

the video and soundtrack are annoying, they add zero value to the monolog.

• for: anti-system posture - required for mass support

• reference

  • see previous annotation

• comment
  • if we have to wait until planetary tipping points are triggered, it will be too late. There has to be some other less catastrophic event that happens before that. Perhaps some combination of extreme weather events
  • We need to trigger sufficiently large social tipping points before planetary tipping points are breached.

• for: key insight - mass mobilization - leadership and circumstances

Morgan, Robert R. “Opinion | Hard-Pressed Teachers Don’t Have a Choice on Multiple Choice.” The New York Times, October 22, 1988, sec. Opinion. https://www.nytimes.com/1988/10/22/opinion/l-hard-pressed-teachers-don-t-have-a-choice-on-multiple-choice-563988.html.

https://web.archive.org/web/20150525091818/https://www.nytimes.com/1988/10/22/opinion/l-hard-pressed-teachers-don-t-have-a-choice-on-multiple-choice-563988.html. Internet Archive.

Example of a teacher pressed into multiple-choice tests for evaluation for time constraints on grading.

He falls prey to the teacher's guilt of feeling they need to grade every single essay written. This may be possible at the higher paid levels of university teaching with incredibly low student to teacher ratios, but not at the mass production level of public education.

While we'd like to have education match the mass production assembly lines of the industrial revolution, this is sadly nowhere near the case with current technology. Why fall prey to the logical trap?

Some of the benefits of multiple-choice tests.

Barzun misses the fact that these are not just easy for teachers to grade, but they're easier for mass grading by machines in a century dominated by standardization of knowledge in a world dominated by standardized mechanization for a mass-production oriented society.

Cross reference educational reforms of Eliot following the rise of Taylorism.

Thank you. Steve, for raising the alarm on this catastrophe! One minor comment. It should be QC'ed, not QA'ed. Quality control is done first. Quality Assurance (QA) comes after QC. QA is basically checking the calculations and the test results in the batch records. I worked in QC and QA for big pharma for decades. I tried to warn people in early 2021 that there's no way the quality control testing could be done at warp speed. Nobody listened to me despite my decades of experience in big pharma!

"warp speed" sounds fancy, plus "its an emergency, we have no time"...

it really was just an intelligence test, a global-scale exploit of trust in authorities. (and lets be honest, stupid people deserve to die.)

problem is, they (elites, military, industry) seem to go for actual forced vaccinations, which would be an escalation from psychological warfare to actual warfare against the 95% "useless eaters".

personally, i would prefer if they would globally legalize serial murder and assault rifles, then "we the people" would solve the overpopulation. (because: serial murder is the only alternative to mass murder.) but they are scared that we would also kill the wrong people (their servants because they are evil or stupid). (anyone crying about depopulation should suggest better solutions. denying overpopulation is just another failed intelligence test.)

I've seen people describing how many cards they think they need before the method is useful, but this is the first time I've seen someone use a timeframe to describe useful effects.

Niklas Luhmann indicates that it may take a number of years to reach critical mass. This may be different for everyone based on the number of ideas they place into it and the amount of work they do in creating connections.

Ward Cunningham, the creator of the wiki, has indicated that he thinks it takes roughly 500 pages in a wiki for the value to begin emerging.†

How many notes and what level of links/complexity is a good minimal threshold for one to be able to see interesting and useful results?

† Quote in FedWiki session on 2021-12-29

Looks like their tolerance for workplace violence is actually somewhat greater than zero.

https://archive.ph/wip/Yfw0c

mass mobilization

People clung to the promise of salvation. The idea that the more you suffered here on earth, the better your time would be in the afterlife was a potent shield against the desperate realities of everyday life in the fifth and sixth centuries. This doctrine was central

Relationship to Eric Hoffer's thesis in The True Believer and mass movements' "hope for the future" even if the hope is for one's afterlife? This sort of hope can be seen in both Islam and Christianity

Kustin, T., Harel, N., Finkel, U., Perchik, S., Harari, S., Tahor, M., Caspi, I., Levy, R., Leschinsky, M., Dror, S. K., Bergerzon, G., Gadban, H., Gadban, F., Eliassian, E., Shimron, O., Saleh, L., Ben-Zvi, H., Amichay, D., Ben-Dor, A., … Stern, A. (2021). Evidence for increased breakthrough rates of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in BNT162b2 mRNA vaccinated individuals. MedRxiv, 2021.04.06.21254882. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.06.21254882

Kulldorff, M. (2021, October 12). Covid, lockdown and the retreat of scientific debate | The Spectator. https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/covid-lockdown-and-the-retreat-of-scientific-debate

1.5 million years trend of fauna of decreasing body mass in the Southern Levant - from giant elephants to gazelles.

Public Annotation of IPCC Report AR6 Climate Change 2022 Mitigation of Climate Change WGIII Chapter 5: Demand, Services and Social Aspects of Mitigation

NOTE: Permission given by one of the lead authors, Felix Creutzig to annotate with caveat that there may be minor changes in the final version.

This annotation explores the potential of mass mobilization of citizens and the commons to effect dramatic demand side reductions. It leverages the potential agency of the public to play a critical role in rapid decarbonization.

https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2022/06/22/us/shootings-police-response-uvalde-buffalo.html

A "good guy with a gun" stopped a "bad guy" on average less than 3% of the time in active shooter situations in 433 events through 2021.

It's strange how the same people who imagine a disarmed populace as a good thing are playing catch-up to arm Ukranian civilians against a military. I've lost count of the children massacred by militaries that are the only groups of people magically trustworthy enough to be armed apparently.

If you left a murderer alone with a room full of kids and a knife for 77 minutes, you'd have the same result - and if you're a student of recent history, you'd know that's exactly the kind of attack that has happened time and again in gun-free victim zones around the world.

To address this issue properly, citizens must understand the #JustPowers Clause of The Declaration of Independence, the foundation that the US Constitution is laid upon; and a universal document that recognizes the rights of ALL humans.

Put simply, it states that neither you, nor I, nor anyone else may justly grant powers to others that we do not have.

If you or I stole our neighbors' firearms, even if we claimed it was for "safety" or "the common good", we'd face criminal charges. We all know this, and the evidence is in our conduct.

Instead, why not focus just powers such has holding adults responsible for the safety of others accountable for negligence?

ReconfigBehSci. (2021, February 27). RT @PsyArXivBot: Re-opening live events and large venues after Covid-19 ‘lockdown’: Behavioural risks and their mitigations https://t.co/O… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1366708138880217088

Their policy is to make the law-abiding defenseless so thugs can engage in raging gun battles uncontested.

https://dissenter.com/discussion/begin?url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/injuries-reported-south-carolina-columbiana-centre-mall-shooting/story?id=84123043

Melvin Vopson has proposed an experiment involving particle annihilation that could prove that information has mass, and by Einstein's mass-energy equivalence, information is also energy. If true, the experiment would also show that information is one of the states of matter.

The experiment doesn't need a particle accelerator, but instead uses slow positrons at thermal velocities.

Melvin Vopson is an information theory researcher at the University of Portsmouth in the United Kingdom.

A proof that information has mass (or is energy) may explain the idea of dark matter. Vopson's rough calculations indicate that 10^93 bits of information would explain all of the “missing” dark matter.

Vopson's 2022 AIP Advances paper would indicate that the smallest theoretical size of digital bits, presuming they are stable and exist on their own would become the smallest known building blocks of matter.

The width of digital bits today is between ten and 30 nanometers. Smaller physical bits could mean more densely packed storage devices.

Vopson proposes that a positron-electron annihilation should produce energy equivalent to the masses of the two particles. It should also produce an extra dash of energy: two infrared, low-energy photons of a specific wavelength (predicted to be about 50 microns), as a direct result of erasing the information content of the particles.

The mass-energy-information equivalence principle Vopson proposed in his 2019 AIP Advances paper assumes that a digital information bit is not just physical, but has a “finite and quantifiable mass while it stores information.” This very small mass is 3.19 × 1038 kilograms at room temperature.

For example, if you erase one terabyte of data from a storage device, it would decrease in mass by 2.5 × 1025 kilograms, a mass so small that it can only be compared to the mass of a proton, which is about 1.67 × 1027 kilograms.

In 1961, Rolf Landauer first proposed the idea that a bit is physical and has a well-defined energy. When one bit of information is erased, the bit dissipates a measurable amount of energy.

Texas Children’s Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine Covid-19 Vaccine Technology Secures Emergency Use Authorization in India | Texas Children’s Hospital. (n.d.). Retrieved 29 March 2022, from https://www.texaschildrens.org/texas-children%E2%80%99s-hospital-and-baylor-college-medicine-covid-19-vaccine-technology-secures-emergency

Thrasher, S. W. (n.d.). There Is Nothing Normal about One Million People Dead from COVID. Scientific American. Retrieved March 7, 2022, from https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/there-is-nothing-normal-about-one-million-people-dead-from-covid1/

Bakker, B. N., & Lelkes, Y. (2022). The Structure, Prevalence, and Nature of Mass Belief Systems. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/v3dg9

Yang, M. (2022, January 14). ‘Menace to public health’: 270 doctors criticize Spotify over Joe Rogan’s podcast. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2022/jan/14/spotify-joe-rogan-podcast-open-letter

ReconfigBehSci. (2021, December 22). RT @Rebeccasmt: Exclusive: Hospitals plan for ‘mass casualty’ event with up to one-third of staff sick https://t.co/bwA1s80SgZ [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1473604922910380032

Cotterill, J. (2021, November 26). South African anger over ‘rushed’ Covid travel restrictions. Financial Times. https://www.ft.com/content/6a177732-4faf-4ecb-adc1-667c22248e0f

Is there any research on global heating resilient agriculture? Camilo Mora has done some research on this.

Number of Omicron variant cases in Scotland rises to nine. (2021, November 30). The Independent. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/humza-yousaf-nhs-omicron-scotland-lanarkshire-b1966636.html

Dr Nisreen Alwan 🌻. (2021, October 30). Mass infection of kids with a virus less than 2 years old is not ethical, not moral, not scientifically evidenced, not socially just & medically risky. There’s no good argument for this. And no, boosting population immunity to protect the adults is not a valid argument. #Childism [Tweet]. @Dr2NisreenAlwan. https://twitter.com/Dr2NisreenAlwan/status/1454498829403922440

Alwan, N. A. (2021). We must call out childism in covid-19 policies. BMJ, 375, n2641. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n2641

How online misinformation spreads. (n.d.). Retrieved October 19, 2021, from https://knowablemagazine.org/article/society/2021/how-online-misinformation-spreads

The men who failed Britain—UnHerd. (n.d.). Retrieved October 14, 2021, from https://unherd.com/2021/10/the-men-who-failed-britain/

Rohlinger, D. A., & Meyer, D. S. (2021). Protest During a Pandemic: How COVID-19 Affected Social Movements in the U.S. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/qk25r

Lazić, A., & Zezelj, I. (2021). Negativity In Online News Coverage Of Vaccination Rates In Serbia: A Content Analysis. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/nqjb9

Gould, A., Lewis, L., Evans, L., Greening, L., Howe-Davies, H., Naughton, M., West, J., Roberts, C., & Parkinson, J. (2021). COVID-19 personal protective behaviors during mass events: Lessons from observational measures in Wales, UK. [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/8jsr3

‘What’s Covid?’ Why People at America’s Hardest-Partying Lake Are Not About to Get Vaccinated—POLITICO. (n.d.). Retrieved July 28, 2021, from https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2021/07/27/ozarks-lake-covid-unvaccinated-500784

Music festival in the Netherlands leads to over 1,000 Covid infections. (n.d.). Retrieved July 28, 2021, from https://www.cnbc.com/2021/07/15/music-festival-in-holland-leads-to-over-1000-covid-infections.html

Shimizu, K., Sridhar, D., Taniguchi, K., & Shibuya, K. (2021). Reconsider this summer’s Olympic and Paralympic games. BMJ, n962. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n962

Dagan, Noa, Noam Barda, Eldad Kepten, Oren Miron, Shay Perchik, Mark A. Katz, Miguel A. Hernán, Marc Lipsitch, Ben Reis, and Ran D. Balicer. ‘BNT162b2 MRNA Covid-19 Vaccine in a Nationwide Mass Vaccination Setting’. New England Journal of Medicine 384, no. 15 (15 April 2021): 1412–23. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2101765.

Rapid Covid tests used in mass UK programme get scathing US report | Coronavirus | The Guardian. (n.d.). Retrieved June 12, 2021, from https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jun/11/us-health-agency-gives-innova-lateral-flow-covid-tests-scathing-review

García-Fiñana, M., & Buchan, I. E. (2021). Rapid antigen testing in COVID-19 responses. Science, 372(6542), 571–572. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abi6680

It’s bizarre that this needs saying, but of course the UK had a Herd Immunity plan—Lessons From The Crisis. (n.d.). Retrieved May 28, 2021, from https://lessonsfromthecrisis.substack.com/p/its-bizarre-that-this-needs-saying

Would Covid passports be damaging to public health? | Melinda Mills and Stephen Reicher. (2021, April 7). The Guardian. http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/apr/07/covid-passports-good-idea-government-damaging

Der Mensch lässt die Erdachse kippen - Klimawandel - derStandard.at › Wissenschaft

Originalaufsatz: https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL092114

Internationale Studie zur Klimakrise: Gletscherschmelze beschleunigt sich - taz.de

iDie Wassermasse reicht aus, um England jährlich 2m tief unter Wasser zu setzen. Das sind 47% mehr als die Wassermenge, die in Grönland abschmilzt und mehr als das Doppelte der Menge, die in der Antarktis frei wird. Innerhalb von 20 Jahren hat sich der Diclenverluss von durchschnittlich einem Drittel eines Meters auf zwei Drittel verdoppelt. Der Verlust in den Alpen ist doppelt so hoch wie im globalen Durcschnitt.

Setzen sie die Verluste fort, werden 80-90% der alpinen Gletscher 2050 geschmozen sein. Möglicherweise wird es dann z.B. in der Schweiz kein frisches Gras mehr geben. Die schlimmsten Konsequenzen hat das Abschmelzen der Gletscher für die kontinuierliche Versorgung der großen Fluß-Systeme in Asien (Yangtze, Mekong, Salwenn und Brahmaputra). Von ihnen ist ca. eine Milliarde Menschen abhängig. 200 Millionen leben in Küstenregionen, die vom Anstieg des Meeresspiegels bedroht sind.

Speed at which world’s glaciers are melting has doubled in 20 years | Glaciers | The Guardian

Der Guardian beginnt eine neue Studie zum Gletscher-Verlust. Die Gletscher (ohne die auf Grönland und in der Antarktis) tragen zirka 20% zum globalen Anstieg des Meeresspiegels bei, das sind zur Zeit etwa 0,74 mm im Jahr. Die Rate, mit der sie dünner werden, hat sich in 20 Jahren verdoppelt. Besonders hoch sind die Verluste in den Alpen. Im Durchschnitt haben sie im Jahr 267 Gigatonnen verloren.

'We Need to Act Now': Glaciers Melting at Unprecedented Pace, Study Reveals - EcoWatch

Ein Zehntel der Berggletscher der Erde wird bis 2050 schmelzen, selbst wenn die Ziele der Pariser Klimaabkommens eingehalten werden. In besonders betroffenen Gebieten, z.B: in Mitteleuropa, wird die Eismasse der Gletscher um die Hälfte zurückgehen.

World will lose 10% of glacier ice even if it hits climate targets | Environment | The Guardian

Unterhalb der Zunge des Thwaite's Gletscher in der Antarktis gibt es deutlich mehr warmes Wasser als bisher vermutet. Der Gletscher wird auch als Doomsday glacier bezeichnet, weil er allein 4% zum Meeresspiegel-Anstieg beiträgt. Das Wasser kann den Abschmelzprozess enorm beschleunigen Robot Detects Warm Water Beneath Antarctica’s Doomsday Glacier - EcoWatch

Zahl und Größe der Gletscherseen haben in 30 Jahren um rund 50% zugenommen. Eines der sichtbarsten Indizien der globalen Erhitzung.

Über das Schmelzen der Gletscher in den Alpen

Gute Grafik

‘How Slovakia Tested 3.6 Million People for COVID-19 in a Single Weekend’. Accessed 26 February 2021. https://www.bi.team/blogs/how-slovakia-tested-3-6-million-people-for-covid-19-in-a-single-weekend/.

Drury, J., Rogers, M. B., Marteau, T., Yardley, L., Reicher, S., & Stott, C. (2021). Re-opening live events and large venues after Covid-19 ‘lockdown’: Behavioural risks and their mitigations. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ze8by

Cantwell, O., & Kushlev, K. (2020, October 31). Anxiety Talking: Does Anxiety Predict Sharing Information about COVID-19?. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ah528