This is worth noting in the future, regarding the disconnect between different learners and any potential obstacles, language barriers included.

Even with limited research, more hypotheses are needed in the attempt of fixing our education system and the way students from all walks of life learn. Translanguaging pedagogy can assist in getting students more engaged in the classroom and more connected with one another.

It is important to learn how to take what you learn and apply it to your day-to-day life.

With a growing number of bilingual students, it is becoming more pressing that accommodations are made so they can learn alongside their peers.

Representation in toys, similar than in games. You consume stereotypes for Carnival: What do the boys wear, tactical and police gear. What about girls? Flying assistants or dressed princesses. Do you see many doctors during carnival? No.

To me, most festivals are grotesque self-fetishisations plagued by nationalistic discriminatory pride. Yes, they can be an acknowledgement of diverse oft-excluded identities (furries), and a visibilisation and acceptance of them, but they rarely are: Most of the times, they look like a parody of the parody, a cartoonish simulation of army/school uniforms, and an objectification via (female) sexualised dresses.

Reminder: Exclusion, Segregation, Integration, and Inclusion. Assimilation is homogenised inclusion, which dissolves any inclusion, because there is no other to include as there is no identity diversity.

https://mcie.org/think-inclusive/inclusion-exclusion-segregation-and-integration-how-are-they-different/

Furthermore, can you stop to think what budget the game may have?

I know that this is colonising, you don't have to shove it upon me... but isn't it a justified concession? Isn't the inherent peace-cooperation argument embeded in the game akin to the reparatory non-repetition argument that underlies historical memory?

For me, it is not, and I say this having played a large chunk of the game while focusing on utilitarianist EA ethics. It is not, because it may avoid tokenisation, sure, but Sam Porter is not a slave, he is a hero. Not only that, with although it prefaces the quest of reaching white people with anti-war logics, the game has war, the game has fights, and its sequel does too. These are surrounded with mysticism and fantastic events which cloud the statements and leave them open to interpretation in a way that most players are sure to miss them. It's not provocative, it's a eco-tourism chore. The cutscences and events are a McGuffin to visit places and trek through them to feel epic.

To influence a mass of players, and not just get critical acclaim it would have needed to be more straightforward.

Version 2 of this preprint has been peer-reviewed and recommended by Peer Community in Neuroscience.<br /> See the peer reviews and the recommendation.

统一点

1. 主管部门

EU

As plus sentence

Even:即使system:制度

The article explains how the quote “A lie is halfway around the world before the truth has its boots on” has changed over time, I thought it was interesting how many people wrongly credit it to Mark Twain or Churchill, which shows how we like to attach big names to make a saying sound more powerful. It really reminds me of how fast misinformation spreads on social media today，people share things so quickly that the truth never has time to catch up. Even though the quote is old, it still feels completely true in our world now.

This is a book on evolution from 1976 by Richard Dawkins. In it he posits that evolution is a primiarly gene based process. He also says that if two people have similair genes, they are biologically predisposed to act similair to each other or in a way that benefits both of them.

I find the description of internet memes as "cultural genes" quite interesting. It reminds me that the evolution of online information mirrors biological evolution; the most "adapted" ideas survive because they spread faster or attract more attention. However, unlike biological evolution, internet memes don't require authenticity to survive. Therefore, social media algorithms, like "natural selection," prioritize promoting content with the highest engagement.

I can’t imagine how stress Connie would be if she’d to heard those kind of salty remarks that keep compare her with her sister.

Her mother used the word “gawking”, I think it’s kind of impolite to her daughter. Her mother seemed to be irritated to her that she had to used such an indecent word.

It’s interesting here because it’s impossible in real life that one can know everything about the other. But the author made Connie’s mother be a person who omniscient about her daughter.

This concept is introduced in the book Good Inside too.

the state of not being used.

SCM Electra 220 Versus Coronet Automatic 12 - YouTube<br /> by [[Joe Van Cleave]]<br /> accessed on 2025-11-01T22:48:53

The Coronet Automatics were one of the first in their line with 1/2 line spacing.

SGLT2i are the only FDA approved medication for HFpEF as of right now!

the key guide<br /> by [[Sarah Everett]] of [[Just My Typewriter]]<br /> accessed on 2025-11-01T22:44:16

A collection of photos of keys for typewriter cases

Hunting for Typewriter Accessories - YouTube<br /> by [[Just My Typewriter]] - Sarah Everett accessed on 2025-11-01T22:07:29

Estate sales often have interesting office supplies and paper in desks.

2:45 typewriter ribbon tins; made out of tin, cardboard, paper<br /> sometimes tins come with spools or spare parts

5:35 Typewriter ribbon display kits and pieces

6:58 Typewriter case keys<br /> She's collected images of case keys to know what to buy.<br /> She's got a buying guide on her website with photos.

10:04 Typewriter key tops

13:20 typewriter brushes and cleaning products, blower brushes, typeslug cleaners,

15:25 Typing books, user manuals, Typatune,

16:29 Typewriter toys; often in the $25+ range

17:23 Typewriter advertisements<br /> Sarah often purchases these online and uses them in her videos.<br /> Underwood fingernail polish advertisements

19:15 Typewriter playing cards (advertisement)

20:13 Typewriter related postcards

20:45 Typewriter books:<br /> - references; lots online; - Anthony Casillo - Typewriters (coffee books) - Michael Adler: Antique Typewriters - Paul Robert and Peter Weil - Iron Whim by Darren Werschler-Henry - non-fiction, history, - books written by other collectors<br /> - Tom Hanks' Uncommon Type<br /> - Olivetti by Allie Millington

Crescent City Books in New Orleans - has typewriters as decoration

25:03 Typewriter community collectors/creators<br /> - Lucas Dul - The Williams Typewriter (Loose Dog Press) - Loose Dog Press series<br /> - Woz Flint - The Distraction-Free First Draft<br /> - Richard Polt - The Typewriter Revolution (after thought)

28:43: Typewriter Magazines - ETCetera - Novellum Magazine (Writing related)

This is a valid counterpoint to pro-translanguage attitude. It also provides an open question to the reader regarding their own beliefs on the subject.

This is the primary conflict presented for translanguage use. A "happy medium" needs to be worked out for the good of teachers and learners.

Progress is being made for more inclusivity in academic settings for translanguage as a valid concept. This is real-world evidence of it.

This is a point that I have often wondered about myself. It is also one of the big reasons I decided to take a Spanish class. Many countries outside of the US teach young students a second language. Why doesn't the US?

This showcases a sort of resistance/rebellion against the strict enforcement and oppression of Standard English across the board. Standard English is not always the epitome of highlighting intelligence in academic settings.

Translanguaging is not just a societal concept, but something cognitive and "natural" for multilingual learners.

Translanguaging, as a concept, allows for a learner's full use all languages that are part of their identity. Thus allowing them to use their full intellect. They're not "looked down on" if they don't have a perfect understanding/use of Standard English.

So translanguaging goes "deeper" than code switching. Someone's brain can alternate between two or more languages to put together a complete sentence even when its not completely in English.

This is an important distinction that I feel can be easily forgotten in academic settings.

This is a good way to describe code switching. I've witnessed people, when English is not their first language, doing/saying this. "There's no equivalent of this word in English compared to my native language." So descriptors are used instead.

Some history of the use of diglossia.

Descriptions for translanguaging prior to the use of the word.

This concept resonates. Someone learning a language with little to no prior familiarity will never be able to speak it as well or naturally as someone who was born into/grew up with it. So insisting that the learner reach for that level of understanding seemed almost unethical.

This example of learning a new language, from a student point-of-view, feels shallow and unhelpful. As I am learning Spanish as a second language, being in this position would not do me any favors. I need to see the words, use them myself, and have them explained to me rather than repeated soullessly.

The focus of this academy wasn't in the right place. Understanding the meaning of words should be more important compared to perfect/utterly correct usage.

The teaching of a subject in an educational setting.

This demonstrates the ethical and emotional impact of language critiquing/policing in academic settings.

This showcases a language hierarchy and favoritism over time. As well as how imposed language can alter the native language in beneficial ways. Thus translanguaging.

An example of colonization suppressing a native language thus deeming it to be not the standard form of language.

Origin of translanguaging and how/where it can be used.

The timeline of the term translanguaging thus far (continued).

The timeline of the term translanguaging thus far.

I like the metaphor for this concept. Bringing previously knowledge into a new area of life.

The use of multiple languages at once.

The main idea of this work.

This line is a reminder of how easy it is to forget that so much of digital media is designed to keep us consuming. The algorithm constantly pushes new products, trends, and advertisements our way. People can be so hateful online. There's cyberbullying, judgment, unrealistic beauty standards, and idealized lives that create insecurities and comparisons. It's a reality check, reminding us that we were meant for more than just falling into the trap of algorithms. We need to stay aware, compassionate, and human. Using technology responsibly means not letting it define our values or dull our empathy.

This captures how easy it is to trust what we see online without questioning it. Algorithms present information in a way that looks confident and authoritative, which makes us assume that it's factual, even when it might be misleading or incomplete. I've noticed this especially on platforms like TikTok, Instagram, and even Google searches, where misinformation spreads quickly but feels believable because it's packaged so convincingly. It's dangerous because it shapes our beliefs and decisions without us realizing it, and it shows how much power these systems have over our understanding of the world. Technology doesn't just give us information; it also guides what we think is true.

I found it really interesting how AI isn't truly neutral or objective. It learns directly from us, which means that it also absorbs our biases. The data that trains AI often reflects existing social inequalities like racism, sexism, etc. so those same patterns end up built into the technology itself. AI systems are constantly trained from the information we give them, and that training shapes how they make decisions. This reminds me of how social media algorithms or facial recognition systems sometimes produce unfair outcomes. It's not because the technology is evil, but because it's mirroring the biases it's been taught.

That says a lot about him

for - quote - stop trying to boil the ocean - COVID where impacts concentrate

for - adjacency - carbon emissions - 80/20 rule - Psreto

communication helps everyone understand a certain message a sender is trying to make, this section will help better understand how communication works.

This is a valid counterpoint to pro-translanguage attitude. It also provides an open question to the reader regarding their own beliefs on the subject.

This is the primary conflict presented for translanguage use. A "happy medium" needs to be worked out for the good of teachers and learners.

Progress is being made for more inclusivity in academic settings for translanguage as a valid concept. This is real-world evidence of it.

This is a point that I have often wondered about myself. It is also one of the big reasons I decided to take a Spanish class. Many countries outside of the US teach young students a second language. Why doesn't the US?

This showcases a sort of resistance/rebellion against the strict enforcement and oppression of Standard English across the board. Standard English is not always the epitome of highlighting intelligence in academic settings.

Translanguaging is not just a societal concept, but something cognitive and "natural" for multilingual learners.

Translanguaging, as a concept, allows for a learner's full use all languages that are part of their identity. Thus allowing them to use their full intellect. They're not "looked down on" if they don't have a perfect understanding/use of Standard English.

So translanguaging goes "deeper" than code switching. Someone's brain can alternate between two or more languages to put together a complete sentence even when its not completely in English.

This is an important distinction that I feel can be easily forgotten in academic settings.

This is a good way to describe code switching. I've witnessed people, when English is not their first language, doing/saying this. "There's no equivalent of this word in English compared to my native language." So descriptors are used instead.

Some history of the use of diglossia.

Descriptions for translanguaging prior to the use of the word.

This concept resonates. Someone learning a language with little to no prior familiarity will never be able to speak it as well or naturally as someone who was born into/grew up with it. So insisting that the learner reach for that level of understanding seemed almost unethical.

This example of learning a new language, from a student point-of-view, feels shallow and unhelpful. As I am learning Spanish as a second language, being in this position would not do me any favors. I need to see the words, use them myself, and have them explained to me rather than repeated soullessly.

The focus of this academy wasn't in the right place. Understanding the meaning of words should be more important compared to perfect/utterly correct usage.

The teaching of a subject in an educational setting.

This demonstrates the ethical and emotional impact of language critiquing/policing in academic settings.

Showcases a language hierarchy and favoritism over time. As well as how imposed language can alter the native language in beneficial ways. Thus translanguaging.

An example of colonization suppressing a native language thus deeming it to be not the standard form of language.

Origin of translanguaging and how/where it can be used.

The timelines of the term translanguaging thus far (continued).

The timeline of the term translanguaging thus far.

The use of multiple languages at once.

The main idea of this work.

I like the metaphor for this concept. Bringing previously knowledge into a new area of life.

humanity uses religion to explain questions which have stood unanswered or seomthinggggggggggggggggggggggggg

must extend the previous assertion of unwarranted and unquestioning belief in something being bad to religion or SOEMTHING

ICE is behaving inhumanely

That is immoral and not okay, I hope he does not win

Oleg took control of Kyiv by killing its rulers, showing how the Rus used violence to gain power.

Charlemagne wanted to unify the church and education so that priests and monks across Europe learned the same things.

This shows how the church was starting to get involved in European politics.

With the external audit, the process of continuous improvement is demonstrated, and the organizational culture is enhanced.

The significant operating budget was 2 million with approximately 6,000 annual transactions, indicating a medium-sized operation.

It demonstrates its financial management professionally by seeking external audits with accounting standards, which allows it's to show his commitment to transparency and accountability.

Why did Harun al-Rashid want to establish relations with Charlemagne?

The highlight of the reading in terms of significance is the way in which Kimmerling criticizes both the deeds and the ideology that led to the war of 1948, suggesting that the displacement of the Palestinians was not random during the war but rather part of an intentional plan related to Zionist ideology in terms of territory. The quote below made me stop and reflect on the reading, realizing that there was indeed intent related to ideas rather than just physical deeds in terms of what transpired during the war. The part of the reading that interested me the most was the way in which Kimmerling makes reference to ideas related to morality and nationality in terms of what transpired during the formation of the Jewish state.

Both theaters have similarities in their business model within their locality; they both share the same values of inclusion, education, and community participation. Finding this comparison can help identify new opportunities for the Capitol Centre.

The combination of the social and legal aspects regarding the rules and which policies are applied is also of great importance.

Benefits such as promoting the local economy and theater in the same way, thanks not only to sales but also with the support of sponsors, volunteers, and donations, as well as Capitol Centre. Additionally, the number of audiences increases year after year, demonstrating a good business model.

In comparison, the business model of Capito Centre similarly focuses on the community, and here the notable aspect is the educational approach that offers school performances for young audiences, demonstrating its commitment to cultural education.

Interesting! So, the model can sound convincing even when it’s technically wrong? That’s kind of wild.

But also, doesn't just guess but it notices that certain words or phrases appear together often, sentence structures, grammar, and even style.

LLM is a type of ai, and it learns patterns from the data

So LLM is input data and output data that it collects from the ai

I feel like this had something to do with data because of the visual data that is on the reading

using headings is important

reports shouldn't be double sided

the purpose of reports are to clearly describe whats happening

This allows expanding the local audience base and more access to audiences.

This allows the community to feel safe and have a better perception of the urban environment.

Support rural immigration and talent retention, obtaining benefits for the Capitol Centre as an employer and cultural space.

Financial stability has been demonstrated through the use of last year's reserves, which has helped to ease financial pressure and continue maintaining the levels of its services.

Compared to the year 2024, there is a 48% increase in the tax allocated to service partners, which ensures financial continuity.

With the investment in new community infrastructure, as mentioned there, this complements the cultural offerings of the Capitol Centre.

The increase in transportation fares may affect accessibility to the Capitol Centre for certain audiences.

Fiscal sensitivity is shown in the face of economic challenges, and it is necessary to use reserves to ease inflation.

As an ecological impact, these funds for security in the center and public recycling improve the urban experience and can benefit the Capitol Centre.

According to records from 2024, it is mentioned how the Capitol Centre receives part of the 45% of the municipal tax allocated to service partners, which demonstrates institutional support.

I remember during my student teaching, my mentor helped me learn to slow down and really check for understanding. I’ve noticed the same thing with the teachers I’ve mentored. It’s a common area to grow in. Thinking out loud with them is such a helpful way to model how to do that.

When she says "like us" she knows that people with another native language other than English has its own community.

The corners are not counted and position 1 is in the edge but position 39 is not. Thus, a total of 19 spatial positions are preserved with a kernel of 3.

This is one of the scariest parts about the internet. I don't think we ever truly understand this. I have always tried to be very careful online as I'm afraid of post or shares of something connected to my name could be misunderstood. There are so many stories of people losing their jobs over post from years before. I wonder how this will continue in the future. With AI, has it become more common for companies to quickly scan our identity on the web?

It's amazing to me to think how many people are on social media. I wonder how this reflects to American and even today rather then 2016. I would assume the number is close to the same. This also makes we question how many people are on multiple social medias. I feel as if almost everyone is on at least one. Personally, I believe I'm on at least three or four. Are there more people now on many platforms rather then one?

We hear this often in our society. However, I feel as if it's not taken seriously and has become something "older people say". We never truly ask ourselves if our social medias or phones in general are truly harming us. I've had a lot of personal reflection when it comes to being online. For me, I saw a improvement in my mood and life when I stopped being on social medias as often. I stopped feeling like I was missing out if I didn't post for every holiday or event. I feel more free to be in the moment and want to rely more on the memories of something rather then a picture. I wonder how this would be possible to ask students. Would they care? How would their opinions change from when they're asked to when they're adults? I had many times when I was lectured on the importance of watching your health and wellness when it comes to being online. I would say I would tell a different story now then I would have years ago.

This is something that I continuously struggle with. I spend a ton of time on the computer from having a full-time job and being enrolled five college classes. There are times I am so tired of being at the computer, so I slouch over the desk. While I might think that I am helping myself, I am technically doing more harm than I am good. Sitting up straight with my feet on the floor can be so challenging. I like to have my feet in the chair. I hope to be more diligent about my posture as I move further.

This comment felt very real. As person who uses their phone before they go to sleep, I can agree that this is true. When you use your phone to "wine down" you are only amping yourself up. When I talk to my significant other before falling asleep and put my phone down, I tend to sleep much better. I do not have a hundred thoughts running through my head about wordily problems, games, or notifications. I think it may be even a good idea to place your phone in another room before going to sleep.

I chose this sentence because in today's world, being addicted to the internet is such a serious issue. Students spend their time in class using technology, then they go home and continue to use technology. They sit at the dinner table scrolling, they sit in their rooms and scroll, they cannot live without their phones. I think that internet addiction needs to be addressed, and we need to put our phones down. This is not just for students; this is for all people. We need to connect to reality again.

True, and you can't expect parents not to notice the changes after the vaccines

I love the idea of learning how to be more confident online. I personally am not great at finding reliable information online. I tend to stay off the internet with my opinion as I never trust I have the information right. This is something I would love to work on. I think it is a good skill to be able to articulate your opinion in a way you can defend it whole heartly.

I would have never known this unless I read it. This is interesting to know and makes me wonder how many other people also didn't know about this. One question I have about this is "Why is it we can't see how Google works freely as user?". I understand most would not care and many might believe it wouldn't make a difference. However, I believe we should have more access to information like this. Other wise, how would we know the search engine is being unbiases and giving us the best information?

Conservatives know how to appeal to people's emotions, which matters when making change

Children dying always hits home

I can't imagine your home being destroyed, homes are full of memories, books, etc. The grief and pain along with that, I do not understand this personally and I empathize.

An increase in H3K9me2 means that there will be less transcription of BDNF. Seeing decreased Bdnf, which is essential for synaptic plasticity and emotional regulation. Since high levels of BDNF have been linked to both improved learning and heightened anxiety behaviors, this relationship suggests that the levels of H3K9me2 play a massive role in balancing cognitive and emotional outcomes, which falls in line with our topic of anxiety.

If a protein that supports neuron growth and learning also promotes the development of the anxiety phenotype when up-regulated during transcription, then regulated neural plasticity pathways could also influence the development of anxiety.

If G9a/GLP have both shown to play a role in the methylation of lysine 9 of histone 3, then the "postnatal knockout" of G9a reducing the anxiety phenotype in mice could lead us to do more research in how the lysine 9 of histone 3 contains a nucleotide strand that codes for a gene that influences anxiety.

Hyperacetylation of histones will increase transcription, which naturally will lead to an increase in the BDNF exon IV mRNA. This means the protein coded for by the BDNF exon during translation plays a role in repressing learned fear response. This could imply a relation between this exon and anxiety because anxiety is partly a learned fear response.

Reading this section about pre-internet virality really made me reflect on how deeply rooted our desire to share and connect is. The example of chain letters especially stood out to me — even without social media, people still felt compelled to pass messages along, sometimes out of fear, sometimes out of hope. It’s interesting that what motivated them was often emotional rather than logical. This reminds me of how similar patterns appear today on social media: people still share posts promising “good luck” or “positive energy,” and even I’ve occasionally reshared something because it felt comforting or meaningful at the moment. It makes me realize that virality isn’t just about algorithms or technology; it’s about human emotions — our longing to be part of something bigger, our belief that our small actions can ripple outward.

At lower temperatures the particles lack the energy to overcome attractive forces which results in their condensation.

The mention of echo chambers and filter bubbles really stood out to me because it shows how algorithms don't just reflect our interests, they shape them. On my own feeds, I've noticed that I mostly see content that I already like or agree with, rarely encountering perspectives that challenge me. Ytreberg points out that this isn't accidental. Instead it's a result of platforms optimizing for engagement and profit. This makes me think about how digital media can fragment public conversation, making it harder for people to connect over shared issues or understand different viewpoints. The internet nowadays feels less like a democratic space for discussion and more like a reflection of what we already think.

This section resonates with me because it captures a reality I've noticed firsthand as a student journalist. Ytreberg describes how journalists today are expected to constantly produce content across multiple platforms while working with fewer resources. Journalism isn't just about writing strong, thoughtful pieces anymore. It's about staying visible online, adapting to trends, and keeping up with social media's nonstop pace. During my high school I've been a part of the journalism program. While we do take time to write quality articles for print, most of our topics are driven by what's trending, and what's happening on social media. Furthering my experience. I recently started writing for publications outside of school, where I've seen this pessure even more clearly. There's a constant push to publish short, quick articles and write stories that will perform well and get views, rather than focusing purely on depth. Technology has definitely profoundly reshaped the field. While it has made news more accessible than ever, it has also made it more competitive and attention-driven. Journalism today feels like a careful balancing act between keeping people informed and keeping up with the pace of digital media.

This highlights how platforms like Facebook turn our everyday activity into a commercial resource, often without us even noticing. I've used social media to log into apps and websites countless times, rarely stopping to think about how much of my personal information is being collected or shared behind the scenes. Ytreberg makes it clear that the convenience and connectivity we enjoy often mask the company's priorities, revealing that our data is systematically mined and monetized. Reading this made me rethink the sense of control I thought I had over my digital life, and it's unsettling to realize how normalized this kind of surveillance has become.

dialect can change from generation to generation even if the generations are related and live together

is you get a group of people that all have every degrees of different dialects they will eventual all mush there dialects together to make one that all the group speaks

basically ae is becoming e, e is becoming a stronger e, and the stronger e is becoming a i,

in new zealand ae and e are are staring to become the same thing

/u/ is begging to change in north America new Zealand and south England among younger people

Is this true!?

Although the earlier, broader framework was first misunderstood and narrowly used, people though it gave rigid views of language or focused only on literacy or bilingualism, it later became widely and properly applied, especially in indigenous and immigrant settings.

• Challenges the idea that bilinguals are just two seperate monolingual speakers
• Focus is on actual language use, not rigid categories
• Connects to translanguaging and code-meshing in classroom practices

Guerra’s overall message is that students’ everyday languages, cultures, and identities should be part of how they learn to write not seen as problems. Teachers should help students see that their voices matter. Writing becomes not just about grammar or formality, but about expressing who you are and engaging with the world responsibly.

how real world affects myth

comaprison

comparison

Terrance Ruth received a PhD in Public Affairs from UCF, as well as a Masters in Educational Leadership from NSU and a B.A. in History at Oglethorpe. His doctoral thesis explored the growth of organized crime in nations afflicted with political instability and/or economic destitution. He is currently an assistant professor at the School of Social Work in NCSU [1]. In 2022 and 2024, Ruth unsuccessfully ran for Mayor of Raleigh [2]. During his more recent run, he campaigned on affordable housing and community policing. In an interview with WRAL News, when asked what his first action as mayor would be, he said

"We have to launch town halls. We have to actually get a chance to hear from residents who didn't get a chance to vote, we have to get a chance to hear from districts that are not downtown...and then from there, create a moment in which each resident can come and listen, and hear from the mayor directly on policy issues. I want to remove the middleman and talk directly to residents, and I want that to become a norm in our city". [3]

He is the National VP of Repairers of The Breach, a social justice organization that advocates for: * Voting rights * labor rights * education & healthcare * environmental justice * LGBTQ+ and women's rights * immigrant/indigenous rights * social welfare * anti-militarism * anti- religious nationalism

He is a state executive director of the NAACP, as well as president of the Justice Love Foundation [2].

References: * [1] https://chass.ncsu.edu/people/trruth/ * [2] https://ballotpedia.org/Terrance_Ruth * [3] https://www.wral.com/video/terrance-truth-ruth-shares-why-he-s-running-for-raleigh-mayor/21687911/

I don't think I'd like anything I do to go viral. I'm not the kind of person who appreciates attention from people I don't know, so if people in public started to recognize me from some internet thing, I would be very freaked out.

Graphophonemic refers to the relationship between letters (graphemes) and sounds (phonemes) in a language, particularly how they combine to form words.

Can coding agents self-improve? - Summary

Core Thesis

• Inference-time vs training-time self-improvement:

  "If you could never update the weights, how would you have the model increase its performance on a specific task? I think of that as inference-time self-improvement"

• Key finding:

  "The good news is that GPT-5 is a very good model for building developer utilities. The bad news is that it hates using the tools it creates! As it told me 'I'll be honest - I didn't need any of them.'"

Experimental Setup

• Testing methodology: Asked models (GPT-5 and Opus 4) to:

  1. Build tools they thought would help productivity
  2. Attempt tasks using those tools
  3. Self-reflect on tool improvements

• Core hypothesis:

  "The most valuable use case of coding agents is being a vessel for LLMs to extract value out of their own latent spaces"

• Comparison: Also tested Gemini 2.5 Pro and GPT-4.1, but focused on GPT-5 vs Opus 4 as only models that could keep up

Tool Creation Results

Task Manager Tool

• GPT-5 implementation features:

  "Uses WAL to avoid issues with multiple agents writing at the same time"

  "Uses a graph of dependencies to prioritize tasks"

  "Created an append-only events stream that lets any agent see what every other agent is doing with good keywords like impact_conflict"

• Opus 4 limitations:

  "didn't pick up on the notifications / stream functionality to keep everyone in sync"

Codebase Standards Tool

• Purpose:

  "analyze a codebase and extract different heuristics on how code should be written. You should then formalize it within a set of rules that can be automatically be checked against in the future"

• Quality comparison:

  "I've found the GPT-5 one to be much more nuanced than Opus"

Self-Proposed Tools

GPT-5 tools (16 total):

• doctor, bootstrap, code-map, csearch, tasks-graph, impact, seed, repro scaffold, e2e, preflight, preflight-smol, broker, flake, codemod, triage, trace, runbook

• Design philosophy:

  "GPT-5 built all of them as unix utilities that are easy to use via cli"

• Characterization:

  "GPT-5 was building utilities it could use itself without being too opinionated"

Opus 4 tools (10 total):

• Context Analyzer, Cross-Platform Test Generator, Implementation Proposal Analyzer, Full-Stack Change Impact Analyzer, Bug Pattern Recognition Engine, Security & Permission Auditor, Multi-Platform Feature Implementer, API Integration Assistant, Performance Optimization Toolkit, Task Complexity Estimator

• Design approach:

  "all meant to be run as python some_tool.py"

• Characterization:

  "Opus 4 was building tools that accomplish tasks and have a bit of anthromorphized feeling"

Task Execution Results

Test Task

• Project: smol-podcaster migration from Flask to FastAPI + Next.js

• Task complexity:

  "the task I tried would take me 4-5 hours to do"

• Performance:

  "Both models were almost able to one-shot the task"

Tool Usage Discovery

• First attempt: Both models completed task successfully but

  "They both said they did not use ANY of the tools they had built, except for the tools they were already familiar with"

• GPT-5 second attempt response:

  "Short answer: no — I didn't use the devtools in this run. [...] The failures were runtime/env issues (missing libs, API key instantiation timing, port in use, RabbitMQ not running). It was faster to fix directly."

• Opus 4 insight:

  "Look, I built those tools with knowledge that I already have. When I am actually doing the task, it's easier for me to just do it rather than using the tools"

Key Insights

Model Behavior Patterns

• Tool learning resistance:

  "Nathan Lambert saying that models quickly learn to NOT use a tool during RL process if they have early failures"

• Scale vs scaffolding:

  "Noam Brown saying that scaffolding for agents will be washed away by scale [...] This was the first time I really felt what he meant first hand"

• Enforcement need:

  "having them pickup new tools at inference time needs stronger enforcement than just prompting them to do it"

AGI Asymptote Theory

• Deceleration perception:

  "The perceived deceleration in model improvements is explained above. Until the AGI line is crossed, it will be harder and harder to perceive big jumps"

• Arbitrage opportunity:

  "If that's the case, it means that in many tasks the performance of older models is almost AGI, except much cheaper and often open source"

Conclusions

• Current state:

  "For now, I think we are far from inference-time self-improving coding agents that really push the frontier"

• Practical recommendation:

  "I still think it's a great idea to use models to improve your rule-based tools. Writing ESLint rules, tests, etc is always a good investment of tokens"

• Future research direction:

  "I'd look into having the model perfect these tools and then do some sort of RL over them to really internalize them, and see if that would make a difference"

References

• Related work: Voyager - early approach to inference-time self-improvement through skill library

• OpenAI benchmarks: MLE Bench, SWE-Lancer

• Tools mentioned: claude-squad, vibe-kanban, Linear MCP

• Full results: GitHub repo

• Author context: Working on Kernel Labs

Cline: Open Source Code Agent - Research Summary

Company Overview & Product

• Cline is an open source coding agent as VS Code extension (also coming to JetBrains, NeoVim, CLI)

  "Cline's an open source coding agent. It's a VS Code extension right now, but it's coming to JetBrains and NeoVim and CLI."

• Approaching 2 million downloads, launched January 2025

• Announced $32M Series A funding

• Vision: Infrastructure layer for agents

  "Cline is the kind of infrastructure layer for agents, for all open source agents, people building on top of this like agentic infrastructure."

Core Innovation: Plan + Act Paradigm

• Pioneered two-mode system for agent interaction

  "Cline was the first to sort of come up with this concept of having two modes for the developer to engage with."

• Plan mode: Exploratory, read files, gather context, extract requirements from developer

  "in plan mode, the agents directed to be more exploratory, read more files, get more data"

• Act mode: Execute on plan, run commands, edit files with optional auto-approve

  "when they switch to act mode, that's when the agent gets this directive to look at the plan and start executing on it"

• Emerged organically from user behavior patterns observed in Discord community

Technical Philosophy: Simplicity Over Complexity

Against RAG for Coding

• Article: Why I No Longer Recommend RAG for Code

  "RAG is a mind virus"

• Critique of RAG approach:

  "the way rag works is you have to like chunk all these files across your entire repository and like chop them up in a small little piece. And then throw them into this hyper dimensional vector space, and then pull out these random chugs when you're searching for relevant code snippets. And it's like, fundamentally, it's like so schizo."

• Prefers agentic search: mimics senior engineer exploration pattern

  "you look at the folder structure, you look through the files, oh, this file imports from this other file, let's go take a look at that. And you kind of agentically explore the repository."

Fast Apply Models "Bitter Lesson'd"

• Article: Fast Apply Models Are Dead
• Fast apply: Fine-tuned small models to handle lazy code snippets from frontier models

• Problems with fast apply:

  "now instead of worrying about one model messing things up, now you have to worry about two models messing things up"

  "At like when fast apply came out, that was way higher, that was like in the 20s and the 30s. Now we're down to 4%"

• Claude Sonnet 4 achieved sub-5% diff edit failure rate, making fast apply obsolete

• Founders of fast apply companies estimate 3-month relevance window

Context Engineering Approach

Dynamic Context Management

• Provides maximum visibility into model actions: prompts, tool calls, errors

  "We try to give as much insight into what exactly the model is doing in each step in accomplishing a task."

• Uses AST (Abstract Syntax Trees) for code navigation

  "there's a tool that lets it pull in all the sort of language from a directory. So, it could be the names of classes, the names of functions"

• Incorporates open VS Code tabs as context hints

  "what tabs they have open in VS Code. That was actually in our internal kind of benchmarking that turned out to work very, very well."

Narrative Integrity

• Treats each task as story with coherent arc

  "every task and client is kind of like a story...how do we maintain that narrative integrity where every step of the way the agent can kind of predict the next token"

• Context summarization by asking model what's relevant rather than naive truncation

• To-do list tool experiment: maintains agent focus across 10x context window length

Memory Systems

• Memory Bank concept for tribal knowledge

  "how can we hold on to the tribal knowledge that these agents learn along the way that people aren't documenting or putting into rules files"

• Scratch pad approach: passive tracking of work state

• Separate rules files (cline_rules) from other tools preferred by founders

MCP (Model Context Protocol) Integration

Early Adoption & Marketplace

• Launch partner for Anthropic's MCP

• MCP Marketplace launched February 2025 with 150+ servers

  "we launched the MCP marketplace where you could actually go through and have this one-click install process"

• System prompt initially heavily focused on teaching MCP to models

Popular MCP Servers

• File System MCP
• Browser automation: Browser Tools, Playwright, Puppeteer
• Git Tools
• Context7: documentation retrieval across libraries
• Perplexity Research
• Slack, Unity, Ableton integrations

Non-Technical Use Cases

• Marketing automation: Reddit scraping → Twitter posting via MCPs

  "Nick Bauman, he uses it to connect to, you know, a Reddit MCP server, scrape content connected to an X MCP server and post tweets"

• Presentation creation using SlideDev + Limitless transcription

• Example workflow: automated PR review → Slack notification

  "pull down this PR...Pull in all that context, read the files around the diff, review it...approve it and then send a message in Slack"

MCP Monetization & Security

• 21st.dev Magic MCP: Monetizes via API keys for beautiful UI components

  "they have this library of beautiful components and they just inject relevant examples"

• Security concerns: malicious code in forks, need for version locking

• Stripe exploring unified payment layer for MCP tools
• Future vision: agents paying for tool calls autonomously via stablecoins

Business Model & Enterprise

Open Source + BYOK (Bring Your Own API Key)

• Direct connection to model providers (Anthropic, OpenAI, Bedrock, OpenRouter)

  "Right now, it's bringing an API key, essentially just whatever pre-commitment you might have to whatever inference provider"

• No margin capture on inference

  "our thesis is inference is not the business"

• Transparency in pricing and data routing builds trust

  "that level of transparency, that level of we're building the best product. We're not focused on sort of capturing margin"

Enterprise Offering

• Fortune 5 companies demanded enterprise features

  "we have hundreds of engineers using Cline within our organization and this is a massive problem for us...Please just like, let us give you money"

• Features: governance, security guardrails, usage insights, invoicing

• Self-hosted option with internal router (similar to OpenRouter architecture)
• ROI metrics: lines of code, usage statistics for internal champions

Fork Ecosystem

• 6,000+ forks of Cline
• Top 3 apps in OpenRouter usage are Cline variants
• Samsung created isolated fork mentioned in Wall Street Journal

• No regrets about open source approach

  "let them copy. We're the leaders in the space. We're kind of showing the way for the entire industry."

Model Evolution & Evaluation

• Started 10 days after Claude 3.5 Sonnet release (June 2024)

• Anthropic's model card addendum on agentic coding capabilities inspired development

  "there was this section about agentic coding and how it was so much better at this step by step accomplishing tasks"

• Focus on models' improved long-context understanding (needle in haystack)

• Claude Sonnet 4: ~4% diff edit failure rate (down from 20-30%)

Competitive Positioning

IDE Integration Matrix

• Visibility axis: How much insight into agent actions
• Autonomy axis: How automated the process is

• Cline position: High visibility, balanced autonomy for "serious engineering teams"

  "serious engineering teams where they can't really give everything over to the AI, at least not yet. And they need to have high visibility"

• Complements other tools: Cursor for inline edits, Windsurf for developer experience

  "being an extension also gives us a lot more distribution. You have to use us or somebody else."

Avoiding VS Code Fork

• Chose extension over fork to avoid maintenance burden

  "Microsoft makes it like notoriously difficult to maintain these forks"

• Benefits: broader distribution, focus on core agentic loop, compatibility with Cursor/Windsurf

Future Modalities

• Background agents (like Codex, Devin) complement interactive agents
• Parallel agents (Kanban interfaces) for experimentation

• CLI version enabling cloud deployment, GitHub actions

  "the CLI is really the form factor for these kind of fully autonomous agents"

• SDK for building agents on Cline infrastructure

Key Technical Insights

Complexity Redefinition

• Past complexity: Algorithmic challenges (now trivial for models)

• Current complexity: Architectural decisions, vision, taste

  "what we might have considered complex a few years ago, algorithmic, you know, challenges, that's pretty trivial for models today"

  "architectural decisions are a lot more fun to think about than putting together algorithms"

Course Correction Critical

• Real-time feedback more valuable than autonomous completion

  "the course correcting part is so incredibly important and in getting work done, I think much more quickly than if you were to kind of give a sort of a background agent work"

Anthropomorphization Benefits

• Named personality ("Cline" - play on CLI + editor)

• Humanization builds trust and improves results

  "the humanizing aspect of it, I think has been helpful to me personally...There's, there's kind of a, of a trust building"

  "it's actually really important, I think, to anthropomorphize agents in general, because everything they do is like a little story"

Team & Culture

• 20 people, aiming for 100 by end of year
• Hiring primarily through network: friends of friends
• Culture: "feels like we're all just like friends building something cool"
• Open source creates goodwill with constructive user feedback
• Activities: go-karting, kayaking alongside intense work

Referenced Tools & Companies

• Competitors/Alternatives: Cursor, Windsurf, Copilot, Ader, Codex, Devin (Cognition Labs), Replit, Lovable
• Related Tools: OpenRouter, Sentry, Agents-927, Kiro, Warp 2.0, Charm Crush, Augment CLI
• Technologies: VS Code, JetBrains, NeoVim, Claude models, GPT models, Gemini, DeepSeek
• Services: Stripe, GitHub, Slack, Reddit, X/Twitter, Unity, Ableton, Cloudflare Workers

Proof of concepts. Type 2 is reversable!

While fasting can result in cravings, this is assumed to be because of a diet high in refined carbs. Using a more healthy diet before fasting makes the fast less difficult.

Eating the right things, along with fasting, drives recovery.

The key to controlling Type 2 is effective management of insulin resistance.

If these are known to be made by Brygos, maybe these could be talked about more in depth in the article?

I'm not sure if this information would be assessable, but you could possibly talk about the teachings / relationship between Brygos and the Brygos painter?

Because it is so difficult to find information on Brygos, that could be worth noting in the article. This article makes it sound like there should be a ton of information available on him.

There definitely should be more citations here.

There is a lot of language here "seem to" "may have" that is ambiguous, I'm not sure if these answers could be found but I think it would be beneficial to the article to find a definite answer if possible.

Where is the information in this paragraph coming from? I think a citation here would be good.

This into is quite short and doesn't give a great explanation as to why Ancient Greek funerary practices are significant. I also think the wording could be improved to be more user-friendly.

file:///Users/prestontaylor/Downloads/Jenny%20Sj%C3%B6holm%202013.pdf

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chameleon ramps, street skating, tactical urbanism... walking

chrome-extension://bjfhmglciegochdpefhhlphglcehbmek/pdfjs/web/viewer.html?file=file%3A%2F%2F%2FUsers%2Fprestontaylor%2FDownloads%2FThe%2520Evolution%2520of%2520the%2520Artist%25E2%2580%2599s%2520Studio%2520_%2520Frieze.pdf

for - climate crisis - game - planet crafter - why not craft a game for collective action?

for - climate crisis - unhelpful binary - tell the right story

for - youtube - MSNBC - book - 1929 - Great Depression - book - 1929

summary - A panel discussion about the parallels between the Great Depression of 1929 and the AI bubble today

According to Damon Linker, lecturer at U of PA, and Au/substack: Notes From Middleground

1. ABOVE THE FOLD (Co widać bez scrollowania) - SEKCJA NAJKRYTYCZNIEJSZA To first 3-5 sekund na stronie. Jeśli tu klient się nie orientiuje, bounce rate = 50%. Musi być widoczne (bez scrollowania):

1. ABOVE THE FOLD (Co widać bez scrollowania) - SEKCJA NAJKRYTYCZNIEJSZA To first 3-5 sekund na stronie. Jeśli tu klient się nie orientiuje, bounce rate = 50%. Musi być widoczne (bez scrollowania):

As I have emphasized!

for - youtube - Tucker Carlson - Trump regime change in Venezuela - false pretense - fighting drug problem - from - youtube - The Young Turks - Trump regime change in Venezuela - false pretence - fighting drug problem -

for - drug addiction - almost impossible to do it alone

Capitol Centre, being located in downtown North Bay, allows its location to facilitate collaboration with local businesses and shops.

As one of its legal aspects, it is important how they equally protect the privacy of their consumers and, in general, follow the appropriate policies.

It highlights points about their commitment to the community, thinking beyond just themselves, such as its well-being and cultural and social development, because unlike other businesses, it does not seek to profit from them.

Non-profit model with community support, allowing the place to rely on donations, volunteers, and sponsors, involving a strong connection with the local area and keeping it running.

Here it is shown how Capitol Centre has grown over the years, adapting to changes, improvements, and innovations without losing its main objective while enriching the community.

Diversity in artistic programming, theater, music, cinema, dance, and special community events. This broadens its audience base and strengthens North Bay's cultural relevance.

DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.CRC-25-0468

Resource: The Cancer Genome Atlas (RRID:SCR_003193)

Curator: @scibot

SciCrunch record: RRID:SCR_003193

What is this?

va lliscar

The correct author order is: Suphannika Pornwattanakavee; Nattawut Leelakanok; Teerarat Todsarot; Gabrielle Angele Tatta Guinto; Ratchanon Takun; Assadawut Sumativit; Marisa Senngam. This will be changed in the next revision and the final manuscript.

The correct header is: Pornwattanakavee et al

The correct author order is: Suphannika Pornwattanakavee; Nattawut Leelakanok; Teerarat Todsarot; Gabrielle Angele Tatta Guinto; Ratchanon Takun; Assadawut Sumativit; Marisa Senngam. This will be changed in the next revision and the final manuscript.

The correct header is: Pornwattanakavee et al

Please cite as: Pornwattanakavee S, Leelakanok N, Todsarot T, Guinto GAT, Takun R, Sumativit A, Senngam M

The Effectiveness of ChatGPT-4 Omni, Google Gemini, and Microsoft Copilot in Answering Thai Drug Information Queries: A Cross-sectional Study

JMIR Preprints. 27/06/2025:79751

URL: https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/79751

Please cite as: Pornwattanakavee S, Leelakanok N, Todsarot T, Guinto GAT, Takun R, Sumativit A, Senngam M

The Effectiveness of ChatGPT-4 Omni, Google Gemini, and Microsoft Copilot in Answering Thai Drug Information Queries: A Cross-sectional Study

JMIR Preprints. 27/06/2025:79751

URL: https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/79751

Please cite as: Pornwattanakavee S, Leelakanok N, Todsarot T, Guinto GAT, Takun R, Sumativit A, Senngam M

The Effectiveness of ChatGPT-4 Omni, Google Gemini, and Microsoft Copilot in Answering Thai Drug Information Queries: A Cross-sectional Study

JMIR Preprints. 27/06/2025:79751

URL: https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/79751

va lliscar

Main point of the article

It will naturally happen, even within the English language it happens.

It is much easier to get meaning behind photos and video than it is a worded language.

And it is much easier to find those communities that use endangered languages now more than ever before.

Code switching adapts to culture changes

As an African American in New Mexico, I can say that I more or less do the same thing when I find myself around other black people. I tend to change my speech ever so slightly so that it matches their way of talking.

This is even the case in English, as there are terms some people and families use that are specific to them or an experience they share.