25 Matching Annotations
  1. Nov 2022
    1. Στην κορύφωση αυτής της δεύτερης, πλέον, κρίσης εί-χαμε μια συγκέντρωση στη θαλάσσια περιοχή μεταξύ των Κυθήρων καιτων ακτών της Μέσης Ανατολής πάνω από εκατό πολεμικών σκαφών,εξοπλισμένων και με πυρηνικά όπλα,7 και σε απόσταση λίγων μιλίων τοένα από το άλλο.

      Ton Οκτ του 1973 100 πολεμικά με πυρηνικά κυκλοφορούσαν από τα κύθηρα μεχρι το Ισραήλ.

    2. ο καθεστώς Παπαδόπουλου συνέ-δραμε ουσιαστικά τις αμερικανικές επιχειρήσεις στην επίμαχη περίοδο.Από τα παραπάνω μπορεί να συναχθεί, όπως επισημαίνει και ο ChrisWoodhouse, ότι «η τότε αμερικανική κυβέρνηση δεν είχε λόγους να είναιδυσαρεστημένη με τον Παπαδόπουλο ή τον Μαρκεζίνη».4

      2η επιβεβαιωση Καλλιβρετακη & Woodhous πως οι ΗΠΑ δεν ειχαν κανενα προβλημα με την Χουντα στο Γιον Κιμπούρ.

    3. ο Αμερικανός υφυπουργός ΕξωτερικώνRoger Davies δήλωνε στον αντικαθεστωτικό ταξίαρχο Ορέστη Βιδάλη,37προσπαθώντας να δικαιολογήσει την υποστήριξη των Ηνωμένων Πολι-τειών στο –ήδη ανατραπέν τότε– καθεστώς Παπαδόπουλου: «Υπήρχανβάσιμοι λόγοι στις σχέσεις μας με την κυβέρνηση Παπαδόπουλου. Ηπρόσφατη κρίση στη Μέση Ανατολή απέδειξε πόσο δύσκολη θα ήταν ηδιατήρηση της θέσεώς μας στην Ανατολική Μεσόγειο χωρίς την υπο-στήριξη που είχαμε από την Ελλάδα».38

      Υφυπουργός εξηγούσε την στηριξη στην Χούντα ως αναγκαία λογω του Γιον Κιμπούρ 12 μέρες μετά το Πολυτεχνείο.

    4. χει τεκμηριωθεί α) η άδεια πλήρους χρή-σης του λιμένος της Σούδας από τον 6ο Στόλο, β) η χρήση του ελληνικούεναέριου χώρου και γ) η κατά περίπτωση χρήση των ελληνικών αεροδρο-μίων (κυρίως του αεροδρομίου στο Ακρωτήρι Χανίων) από τα αμερικα-

      Για τις διευκολύνσεις της Χούντας σε Αμερικανούς κατά τον Γιον Κιμπούρ.

    5. το, κρίσιμο για την όλη επιχείρηση, αεροπλανοφόρο USSIndependence εκείνο το φθινόπωρο ναυλοχούσε στον Πειραιά, απ’ όπουαπέπλευσε αμέσως μόλις ξέσπασαν οι εχθροπραξίες στις 7 Οκτωβρίου30και κατευθύνθηκε νοτίως της Κρήτης. Παρέμεινε εκεί καθ’ όλο το διάστημα του πολέμου, ανεφοδιάζοντας τα αεροσκάφη που μετέφεραν ταεφόδια και φρουρώντας με τα δικά του μαχητικά το τελευταίο τμήματης διαδρομής προς το Ισραήλ, για να επιστρέψει στο λιμάνι του Πειραιάστις 5 Νοεμβρίου, μετά την αποκλιμάκωση της κρίσης.

      Το αεροπλανοφόρο που στηριζε το Γιον κιμπουρ ξεκινησε & κατέληξε στον Πειραιά.

    6. Το Ελληνικο Δικτατορικο Καθεστως Στη Συγκυρια Του Μεσανατολικου Πολεμου Του 1973

      Επαιξε ρολο ο πολεμος του Γιον Κιπουρ στην πτωση της Χούντας?

  2. Oct 2022
    1. Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the several States which may be included within this Union, according to their respective numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole number of free persons, including those bound to service for a term of years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three-fifths of all other persons. The actual enumeration shall be made within three years after the first meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent term of ten years, in such manner as they shall by each State shall have at least one Representative; and until such enumeration shall be made, the State of New Hampshire shall be entitled to choose three; Massachusetts eight, Rhode Island and Providence Plantations one; Connecticut five; New York six; New Jersey four; Pennsylvania eight, Delaware one; Maryland six; Virginia ten; North Carolina five; South Carolina five; and Georgia three.

      George Washington believes that the states of America must pay taxes within the whole country. However, some times later all the states will have different tax rates and laws because every state is like another country. In this constitution, Indians are excluded from paying taxes as native Americans were not considered as humans at that period.

    1. The major presentation in the Jefferson Building, The African American Odyssey: A Quest for Full Citizenship, explores black America's quest for equality from the early national period through the twentieth century. The Library's materials, gathered over the two hundred years of its existence, tell the story of the African American experience through nine chronological periods that document the courage and determination of blacks, faced with adverse circumstances, who overcame immense odds to fully participate in all aspects of American society. The exhibit includes the work of abolitionists in the first half of the nineteenth century, depictions of the long journey following the Civil War towards equality in employment, education and politics, strategies used to secure the vote, recognition of outstanding black leaders, and the contributions of sports figures, black soldiers, artists, actors, writers and others in the fight against segregation and discrimination.

      The author of the article tells the story of the Afro-American population from the times of slavery to the twentieth century. The non-white people had to face many difficulties and challenges to achieve the basic human and citizens' rights (right to vote, self-expression etc.).

  3. Apr 2022
    1. Ed Yong. (2021, February 9). The incomparable @sarahzhang is still ruling the vaccine beat; here’s her latest on what vaccines, variants, and herd immunity. Https://t.co/np7viqRU1T [Tweet]. @edyong209. https://twitter.com/edyong209/status/1359234289448189952

  4. Feb 2022
  5. Feb 2021
    1. 21st Century Economics (USA)

      Economic Theory of a Market Economy, Characteristics, Pros, and Cons

      Americans and the World believe or want to believe that the United States is built upon a Market Economy.

      Historical context validates a classic Market Economy theory as directed by our Founding Fathers and Constitution. We clearly do not have a pure Market Economy today (2021).

      • To Big to Fail - (Bailouts)
      • Farm Subsidies
      • Political Influence (money, lobbying, tenure)
      • Government Agencies
      • Military/Industrial Complex
      • Federal Reserve (Central Banking)
      • Social Security
      • Medicare
      • Other

      Most Americans lump (through education) the concept of economics and government together, into 3 basic categories; Capitalism, Socialism and Communism.

      The U.S. is a Capitalist Nation with a corresponding market economy.

      Is this statement Fact or Hypothesis ?

      Can we still rely on textbook economic models in the 21st Century?

  6. May 2019
    1. Dr Arthur Hull Hayes was appointed as Commissioner of the FDA the day after Reagan's inauguration.[34] In 1981, Hayes sought advice on aspartame's ban from a panel of FDA scientists and a lawyer. It soon became clear that the panel would uphold the ban by a 3-2 decision, but Hull then installed a sixth member on the commission, and the vote became deadlocked.[34] He then personally broke the tie in aspartame's favor.

      Taking advantage of the ability to appoint voters in order to manipulate the government in favor of aspartame, aspartame was approved under Ronald Reagan’s administration.

  7. Mar 2019
    1. The HMO Act of 1973 changed that premise. It authorized for-profit IPA-HMOs in which HMOs may contract with independent practice associations (IPAs) that, in turn, contract with individual physicians for services and compensation. By the late 1990s, 80 percent of MCOs were for-profit organizations, and only 68 percent or less of insurance premiums went toward medical care.

      The HMO Act of 1973 resulted in for profit health care.

    1. Nixon signed into law, the Health Maintenance Organization Act of 1973, in which medical insurance agencies, hospitals, clinics and even doctors, could begin functioning as for-profit business entities instead of the service organizations they were intended to be. 

      In the 1970s health care was allowed to change from a non-profit to a for profit.

    1. a group of teachers created a program through Baylor University Hospital where they would agree to pre-pay for future medical services (up to 21 days in advance). The resulting organization was not-for-profit and only covered hospital services. It was essentially the precursor to Blue Cross.

      Baylor University's teacher's created one of the first "employee insurance companies" which turned into Blue Cross.

    2. Since U.S. businesses were prohibited from offering higher salaries, they began looking for other ways to recruit new employees as well as incentivizing existing ones to stay. Their solution was the foundation of employer-sponsored health insurance as we know it today.

      The result of the Stabilization Act of 1942 was for employers to provide health care benefits to employees.

    1. Because health benefits could be considered part of compensation but did not count as income, workers did not have to pay income tax or payroll taxes on those benefits. Thus, by 1943, employers had an increased incentive to make health insurance arrangements for their workers, and the modern era of employer-sponsored health insurance began

      After WWII companies started providing health insurance to employees. Somewhere along the way this translated into employers co-oping with private insurance companies to provide health insurance as opposed to paying the employees medical bills or providing their own doctors and clinics.

  8. Feb 2019
    1. In 1863, her medical credentials were finally accepted, so she moved to Tennessee, where she was appointed as a War Department surgeon

      The phrasing of this appears to be somewhat biased. It sounds like her credentials weren't up to snuff or something but really, the military was low on surgeons at that time and simply didn't want a woman. https://hyp.is/vAWzXCtjEem5j1tLLCQ8dg/cfmedicine.nlm.nih.gov/physicians/biography_325.html

    2. Because of her credentials, she didn't want to be a nurse, either, so she chose to volunteer for the Union Army.

      This is some what conflicting information. According to https://hyp.is/vAWzXCtjEem5j1tLLCQ8dg/cfmedicine.nlm.nih.gov/physicians/biography_325.html she did work as a Nurse, she just wasn't paid.

    1. in 1863 she was briefly appointed surgeon in an Ohio Regiment.

      She finally was appointed a surgeon near the end of the war.

    2. At the outbreak of the Civil War, she volunteered in Washington to join the Union effort, and worked as a nurse in a temporary hospital set up in the capital.

      She worked as an unpaid nurse because she was not allowed to join as a surgeon in the US military.

  9. Oct 2017
    1. Military Industrial Complex:

      1. Eisenhower has seen the consequences of this intersection of military power and his own "new look" policy

      Presidential speeches can be measured by how long we talk about them. Still one of the most referenced presidential speeches ever given.

      IRAN — Mohammed Mossafegh (1951–1954)

      • First military Coup during CIA golden age
      • US tells Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (1941–1979) that they will take over the country unless he overthrows Mossafegh.
      • For 20+ years we supported a dictator who murdered his own people
      • Any nation state has the option to buy out foreign companies

      Guatemala — Jacobo Arbenz Guzman (1951–1954)

      • Democratically elected leader, called for Progressive Reform (second President to do so)
      • Nationalizing land (US decided it looked like Communism)
      • Guzman runs into problems with the United Fruit Company, who had been cheating on their taxes, undervaluing their land prices. Government seeks to purchase land to nationalize it, and wants to buy it for the price that the UFC valued their land for.
      • UFC and US Government set up a military Coup. Using radio broadcast propaganda, pretending that an army is ravaging the countryside. Guzman believes the propaganda and flees. We set up a dictator.
  10. Sep 2017
    1. This document informs the way Americans have seen themselves since the beginning of the twentieth century.

      Interventions are presented as idealistically noble and undeniably moralistic. Instead of recognizing the complexities and consequences of intervention, we continue to propagate intervention as an ideological imperative

      We take on the domestic issues of other nations without being invited to take part. We identify as the prevailer of freedom and democracy when these are just ideals that we aspire to, sometimes missing the mark just as terribly as the nations we seek to guide and coerce.

  11. Jan 2016