277 Matching Annotations
  1. Feb 2020
  2. Dec 2019
    1. amusement. He was also pursuing an object he had long had in view. His design was to visit India, in the belief that he had in his knowledge of its various languages, and in the views he had taken of its society, the means of materially assisting the progress of European colonisation and trade. In Britain only could he further the execution of his plan.

      There is no reference to India in the 1818 edition. But in this 1831addition, Victor refers to Clerval's ambitions to travel to India in "progress of European colonisation and trade." Though the British had pursued various ventures in the subcontinent since the seventeenth century, the East India Company Act of 1813 expanded British Rule in India, culminating in the enactment of the Government of India Act 1833, which disbanded the monopoly of the East India Company. Clerval's ambitions suggest the weakening of the monopoly and the emergence of new commercial opportunities for those wishing to make their fortunes in India.

    2. he was wearing away his time fruitlessly where he was; that letters from the friends he had formed in London desired his return to complete the negotiation they had entered into for his Indian enterprise. He could not any longer delay his departure; but as his journey to London might be followed, even sooner than he now conjectured, by his longer voyage, he entreated me to bestow as much of my society on him as I could spare. He besought me, therefore, to leave my solitary isle, and to meet him at Perth, that we might proceed southwards together.

      In this revision to 1831 edition, Shelley elaborates on Clerval's "Indian enterprise," mentioned earlier in the previous chapter. Clerval wishes Victor to return to Perth to spend time together before the former's voyage to India. In the 1818 edition, Clerval notes they had been traveling in Britain for a year, and should take the next year of their voyage to return to Switzerland, via France.

  3. Oct 2019
    1. ఎప్పటికైనా Knowledge Centric Value Based Education రావాలని కోరుకుందాం

      I like the problem statement, but what is this knowledge centric value based education? Is this a good solution?

      It is essential to realize that there is no magic bullet that can solve such a complex problem that is so central to our life, livelihood and the urban upper middle class (shall I call brahminical!?) way of life. There must be many solutions working together towards the same idea. But first we should be clear on the problem and acknowledge it!

    1. improvement of soil health should be a priority agenda in India’s agricultural policy. We need steps to check wind and water erosion of soils. We need innovative technologies to minimise physical degradation of soils due to waterlogging, flooding and crusting. We need to improve the fertility of saline, acidic, alkaline and toxic soils by reclaiming them
    2. Indian soils are poor in organic matter content. About 59% of soils are low in available nitrogen; about 49% are low in available phosphorus; and about 48% are low or medium in available potassium. Indian soils are also varyingly deficient in micronutrients, such as zinc, iron, manganese, copper, molybdenum and boron
  4. Apr 2019
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    1. Mahatma Gandhi, the father of our nation was a very benevolent and expert political master and observer that he had a great vision for the country. He was a man who fought for the upliftment of the poorer classes of society and thought of reforms in their favour.

      True, but still we are not in right track since 1947 !

  5. Mar 2019
    1. The virus is commonly found in Africa, Europe, the Middle East, North America and West Asia. The World Health Organization (WHO) documents that it was first isolated in a woman in the West Nile district of Uganda in 1937. It was identified in birds (crows and columbiformes like doves and pigeons) in the Nile delta region in 1953. Before 1997, WNV was not considered pathogenic for birds — but then, a more virulent strain caused the death in Israel of different bird species, presenting signs of encephalitis and paralysis. Human infections attributable to WNV have been reported in many countries in the World for over 50 years, the WHO says.

      Zoonotic in nature

    1. The valuable lesson from all this is that inducing competition among administrative units helps invigorate key stakeholders to work in tandem in order to achieve intended outcomes.

      Yes, competition, no doubt helps to bring out maximum results. But we must also understand that competition can also lead to worst of behaviours. About competition among schools and blocks: it has often been noticed that in order to comply with the government orders, or simply to be adjudged the so-called "best" in the district/state, schools and blocks often resort to unfair means. Scores are fabricated, often teachers helping out students during tests (that is, if they are themselves capable of, which is another topic for discussion elsewhere), send wrong information about student performance reports and may also have ghost students.

      Therefore, I have found the Annual Status of Education Report (ASER) by Pratham Foundation to be one of the best and most credible sources of state of education in the country. They take survey by going from house to house and do not rely on the stats provided by the schools. The only drawback is that it rural based survey; comparison of rural and urban divide is difficult to gauge.

    1. The Anglo-Nepalese War of 1814-16 was a victory for the East India Company, but not without heavy casualties inflicted on them by soldiers of the Gorkha Kingdom. Impressed by their discipline and ferocity, the British decided to recruit these soldiers starting in 1815. Since then, the Gurkhas have fought on the side of the British Empire in almost every war, including both World Wars.

      Martial races

    1. is a waterborne bacterial disease, caused by the leptospiro bacteria. It rarely spreads from person to person and can be treated with common antib

      The bacteria is found in the urine of rodents.

  6. Feb 2019
    1. A.T.E. established in 1939 and today is recognized as a leader in textile engineering in India. A.T.E. has developed several cutting-edge technology products and solutions which are useful for textile engineering, cooling, wastewater treatment, flow technology, IoT for Industry etc. A.T.E. encompasses three essential elements of life: Air, waTer, and Energy.

  7. Jan 2019
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    1. It is much harder to struggle against irrelevance than against exploitation

      This is how the British could rule India for about 300 years

  8. Dec 2018
    1. play poker

      Play free poker online with the most variant of poker for fun. You can also enjoy the poker game with your family by playing free poker in a private table. Join 9stacks and enjoy the benefits of best offers and promotion on the largest tournament of poker than anywhere else.

    1. Today, I had the privilege of speaking on a panel at the Comparative and International Education Society’s Annual Conference with representatives of two open education projects that depend on Creative Commons licenses to do their work. One is the OER publisher Siyavula, based in Cape Town, South Africa. Among other things, they publish textbooks for use in primary and secondary school in math and science. After high school students in the country protested about the conditions of their education – singling out textbook prices as a barrier to their learning – the South African government relied on the Creative Commons license used by Siyavula to print and distribute 10 million Siyavula textbooks to school children, some of whom had never had their own textbook before. The other are the related teacher education projects, TESSA, and TESS-India, which use the Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike license on teacher training materials. Created first in English, the projects and their teachers rely on the reuse rights granted by the Creative Commons license to translate and localize these training materials to make them authentic for teachers in the linguistically and culturally diverse settings of sub-Saharan Africa and India. (Both projects are linked to and supported by the Open University in the UK, http://www.open.ac.uk/, which uses Creative Commons-licensed materials as well.) If one wakes up hoping to feel that one’s work in the world is useful, then an experience like this makes it a good day.

      I think contextualizing Creative Commons material as a component in global justice and thinking of fair distribution of resources and knowledge as an antidote to imperialism is a provocative concept.This blog, infojusticeorg offers perspectives on social justice and Creative Commons by many authors.

  9. Nov 2018
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  10. Sep 2018
    1. Despite their challenges, China and India are winning more important roles on the global stage. However, according to management professors Nandani Lynton of CEIBS in Shanghai and Jitendra V. Singh of the Wharton School, India is outperforming China in the number of senior executives at leading multinational corporations. In this opinion piece, they identify five possible explanations for this disparity. China is already addressing some of them, such as gaps in the use of English. Others, like China’s inability to work with outsiders, are less susceptible to change. Depending on which factors prove most important, India may have the advantage for some time to come, but it may not take long for China to catch up.
    1. Remember, remember, the sixth of September. In many ways, this date in 2018 is as momentous as August 15, 1947 was.

      No it isn't. Enough with the hyperbole. Getting rid of a toothless law that never stopped LGBT relationships isn't changing anything. Let's see what happens when Article 19's terms and conditions to free speech are removed, now that would be momentous.

    2. But they are actually validated by the most illiberal part of our Constitution, Article 19(2), which allows caveats to free speech on grounds like ‘public order’ and ‘decency and morality.’ Those are open to interpretation, and anything goes.

      This is the root cause of legalized sanction of censorship, but none of the dimwits who routinely protest against movies or books being shut down ever focus on it.

    3. In this great democracy of ours, where the voice of the people is supposed to find expression in its politics, not one political party in the last 71 years tried to repeal 377. Parties don’t have principles, only incentives, and all of them behaved this way because they feared that voters would not approve. That tells you what every gay person in this country already knows from lived experience: our society is homophobic. Not just that, our society and the state do not give a damn about Consent.

      No shit, Sherlock.

  11. Aug 2018
  12. Apr 2018
    1. Sterlite Power, is India’s one of the leading power transmission company, uniquely positioned to solve the toughest challenges of energy delivery. We help to meet the industry’s need for capital by implementing projects on a BOOM (Build Own Operate Maintain) basis and being at the forefront of financial innovation via IndiGrid, India’s first power sector Infrastructure Investment Trust (InvIT).

    1. If the Imputation is defamatory per se, necessary mens rea will be presumed - The principle laid down here, shifts the onus to prove to the defendant if the imputations are prima facie defamatory, and releases the burden from the complainant to prove that the allegations caused harm to his reputation

    1. The law of defamation is a culmination of a conflict between society and the individual. On one hand lies the fundamental right to freedom of speech and expression enshrined under Article 19(1)(a) of the Constitution of India, on the other is the right of individual to have his reputation intact. How far does the liberty of free speech and expression extend" And when does it become necessary for the law to step in to safeguard the right of the individual to preserve his honour. THE law of defamation seeks to attain a balance between these two competing freedoms.

      In every society there needs to be a balance between the right to speech/expression and the right not to be defamed.

    1. The John Thomas vs Dr. K. Jagadeesan clears two concepts:

      1. If imputations are prima facie libellous or per se defamatory, the complainant need not establish that the imputations had indeed defamed or damaged him/her
      2. If a definite company, association or group of persons are defamed, any of the aggrieved director or office holder can feel aggrieved by the offence.
  13. Mar 2018
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  14. Jan 2018
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  15. Nov 2017
  16. Sep 2017
    1. The purpose of elevating certain rights to the stature of guaranteed fundamental rights is to insulate their exercise from the disdain of majorities, whether legislative or popular. The guarantee of constitutional rights does not depend upon their exercise being favourably regarded by majoritarian opinion. The test of popular acceptance does not furnish a valid basis to disregard rights which are conferred with the sanctity of constitutional protection

      Need for fundamental rights, and statutory protection not being sufficient

    2. narrow tailoring of the regulation to meet the needs of a compelling interest

      Narrow tailoring + compelling interest test

    3. The view about the absenceof a right to privacy is an isolated observation which cannot coexist with the essential determination rendered on the first aspect of the regulation. Subsequent Benches of this Court in the last five decades and more, have attempted to make coherent doctrine out of the uneasy coexistence between the first and the second parts of the decision in Kharak Singh

      Kharak Singh - the observation on absence of rt to privacy an isolated one at variuance with the first part?

    4. The observation in regard to the absence of the right to privacy in our Constitution was strictly speaking, not necessary for the decision of the Court in M PSharmaand the observation itself is no more than a passing observation.

      Observations on privacy in MP Sharma not part of the ratio

    5. adverted to international conventions acceded to by India including the UDHR and ICCPR. Provisions in these conventions which confer a protection against arbitrary and unlawful interference with a person’s privacy, family and home would, it was held, be read in a manner which harmonizes the fundamental rights contained in Articles 14, 15, 19 and 21 with India’s international obligations

      Nalsa - recognition of international conventions in interpreting FRs

    6. our considered opinion that subjecting a person to the impugned techniques in an involuntary manner violates the prescribed boundaries of privacy. Forcible interference with a person's mental processes is not provided for under any statute and it most certainly comes into conflict with the “right against self-incrimination”

      Narco analysis, polygraph etc. right not to be compelled to give evidence seen as part of privacy as well, esp where investigative techniques involve interference with metal processes.

    7. The crucial consideration is that a woman's right to privacy, dignity and bodily integrity should be respected

      Woman's right to choose

    8. Also, a large number of people are non-vegetarian and they cannot be compelled to become vegetarian for a long period. What one eats is one's personal affair and it is a part of his right to privacy which is included in Article 21 of our Constitution as held by several decisions of this Court.

      Hinsa Virodhak Sangh - aside from right to practise trade under 19 (1) (g), right to make one's eating choices was also invoked - example of privacy including decisional autonomy.

      Important to note that this principles is qualified by only being applied if the ban was for a considerable period of time

    9. reasonable expectation that it will be utilised

      Does the constitutional right to privacy envisage the purpose limitation principle? Does it only apply to state/private parties acting on behalf of state or for purely horizontal relationships as well?

    10. access to bank records to the Collectordoes not permit a delegation of those powers by the Collector to a private individual. Hence even when the power to inspect and search is validly exercisable by an organ of the state, necessary safeguards would be required to ensure that the information does not travel to unauthorised private hands.

      Where delegation of responsibilities, need for proper safeguards. Very relevant observation in the context of PPP models of governance and data collection/processing

    11. India’s international commitments under the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) and International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights(ICCPR)

      ICCPR and UDHR as instrumental in foundation for affirmation of privacy

    12. The significance of the judgment in Canara Banklies first in its reaffirmation of the right to privacy as emanating from the liberties guaranteed by Article 19 and from the protection of life and personal liberty under Article 21

      privacy derived from freedoms under 19, as well life and liberty under 21

    13. Court repudiated the notion that a person who places documents with a bank would, as a result, forsake an expectation of confidentiality. In the view of the Court, even if the documents cease to be at a place other than in the custody and control of the customer, privacy attaches to persons and not places and hence the protection of privacy is not diluted

      2 important observations

      • recognition of privacy attached to persons and and not places (moving beyond a propertarian view of privacy)

      • sharing of information does not lead to forsaking a reasonable expectation of privacy. Without reference, repudiation of third party doctrine. privacy not quivalent with secrecy.

    14. penumbras created by the Bill of Rights resulting in a zone of privacy101leading up eventually to a “reasonable expectation of privacy”

      Canara Bank - reference made to penumbra of rights creating a zone of privacy

    15. The need to read the fundamental constitutional guarantees with a purpose illuminated by India’s commitment to the international regime of human rights’ protection also weighed in the decision

      reading FRs in light of international commitments

    16. Article 21, in the view of the Court, has to be interpreted in conformity with international law

      International law

    17. While it is true that in Rajagopalit is a private publisher who was seeking to publish an article about a death row convict, itis equally true that the Court dealt with a prior restraint on publication imposed by the

      DYC responds to Bhatia's critique of Rajagopal. While Rajagopal dealt with private actions, Frs are invoked due to state action in the form restraint placed on the publication by the state and prison officials.

    18. The right to privacy is implicit in the right to life and liberty guaranteed to the citizens of this country by Article 21

      Rajagopal - recignition of privacy as implicit in liberty

    19. bodily integrity of a woman, as an incident of her privacy.

      Maharashtra v. Madhukar two imp. observations - a woman of easy virtue is also entitled to the same constitutional protections. furthers the view that rights are available to all citizens (counter to the view in Malkani which said that privacy is not to protect the guilty)

      more importantly, established a woman's bodily integrity as a part of privacy

    20. observations in Malak Singhon the issue of privacy indicate that an encroachment on privacy infringes personal liberty under Article 21 and the right to the freedom of movement under Article 19(1)(d). Without specifically holding that privacy is a protected constitutional value under Article 19 or Article 21, the judgment of this Court indicates that serious encroachments on privacy impinge upon personal liberty and the freedom of movement

      Malak SIngh is on lines of the view of advanced by the respondents, that some violations of privacy could infringe other recognised rights such as personal liberty under 21 or freedom of movement under 19 (1) (d)

    21. This analysis of the decision in Gobindassumes significance because subsequent decisions of smaller Benches have proceeded on the basis that Gobinddoes indeed recognise a right to privacy

      Subsequent judgments follow the mistaken belief that Gobind recognises a right to privacy

    22. implicit in the concept of ordered liberty

      Gobind traces privacy to ordered liberty in 21

    23. Yet a close reading of the decision in Gobindwould indicate that the Court eventually did not enter a specific finding on the existence of a right to privacy under the Constitution

      Gobind did not expressly recognize the right to privacy

    24. he personal intimacies of the home, the family, marriage, motherhood, procreation and child rearing

      dimensions of privacy inclusively enumerated in Gobind

    25. Gobind

      Gobind decided in the post Griswold, post Roe v Wade world. Penumbral rights created by specific rights

  17. Jul 2017
  18. Jun 2017
    1. R1a lineages form only about 17.5 % of Indian male lineage, and an even smaller percentage of the female lineage. The vast majority of Indians owe their ancestry mostly to people from other migrations, starting with the original Out of Africa migrations of around 55,000 to 65,000 years ago, or the farming-related migrations from West Asia that probably occurred in multiple waves after 10,000 B.C., or the migrations of Austro-Asiatic speakers such as the Munda from East Asia the dating of which is yet to determined, and the migrations of Tibeto-Burman speakers such as the Garo again from east Asia, the dating of which is also yet to be determined.
  19. Feb 2017
    1. “Far from resembling a modern interstate,” he predicted, it “will more likely approach a roadway in India: chaotic, crowded, and swarming with cows.”

      What an image. I can totally see this.

  20. Dec 2016
    1. In a research lab you might not face any gender discrimination as most of the staff is highly educated chunk of science scholars. But there are issues that women scientists have to face. Let's discuss deeper...

      1.Effort Scientist is a profession which requires a lot of research, dedication, and diligent efforts. As Nandini pointed a female scientist has to put double effort than a male scientists to manage between the tight-rope of family and career.

      1. Career Break Due to maternity or some other reason, women have to take a break which affects her career many times.

      Being a scientist and a mother does not come hunky Dorie. Even as a JRF in Council of scientific and industrial research organization, you have to crack the exam with prescribed CSIR Syllabus. Then you'll have to work under a guide making them understand your worth as a science scholar for whom career is an important part of life.

  21. Aug 2016
    1. He said the aspirations of the people of Jammu and Kashmir cannot be suppressed, and that the “freedom movement” will reach its logical conclusion

      This is Test Annotation 2.

  22. May 2016
    1. He realised that if Internet.org took hold in India, Facebook would be the gatekeeper to the web for hundreds of millions who had no idea what the internet was, or what it could do for them.

      The idea that some internet is better than no internet is ridiculous. Poor people in developing nations deserve the same Internet as the rest of the world.

    2. He assured the children inside, and the villagers outside, that their connectivity problems would be fixed before his next visit.

      the arrogance

  23. Jan 2016