The problems of sequence and flow are already apparent

The specific content is in some cases worth special notice.There is a significant frequency of military material (much of itretrospective) and of costume-drama in BBC and Anglia pro-gramming. Anglia and (to a lesser extent) BBC 1 carry importantamounts of American material. The BBC 2 mix is more cultural(and international) in its range, as is KQED, but BBC 2 is alsoquite closely attuned to specific English middle-class interests.Channel 7, as has been noted, has a limited range of largelypre-made programming

First, there is the flow (which is at thisstage still, from one point of view, only sequence) within aparticular evening’s programmes. For this we can use the generalnotation which has become conventional as ‘programming’ or‘listing’

It is then not surprisingthat so many of these opening moments are violent or bizarre:the interest aroused must be strong enough to initiate theexpectation of (interrupted but sustainable) sequence. Thus aquality of the external sequence becomes a mode of definitionof an internal method

I believe I registered some incidentsas happening in the wrong film, and some characters in thecommercials as involved in the film episodes, in what came toseem – for all the occasional bizarre disparities – a singleirresponsible flow of images and feelings.

Here there was something quite differ-ent, since the transitions from film to commercial and from filmA to films B and C were in effect unmarked.

Most of our habitual vocabulary of response and descriptionhas been shaped by the experience of discrete events.

The difference in broadcasting is not only that these events,or events resembling them, are available inside the home, by theoperation of a switch.

, of planned flow, is then perhaps the definingcharacteristic of broadcasting, simultaneously as a technologyand as a cultural form

All was indiscriminated chaos.

Who verily knows and who can here declare it, whence it was born and whence comes this creation?

what gave shelter? Was water there, unfathomed depth of water?

All that existed then was void and form less: by the great power of Warmth was born that Unit.

Whose eye controls this world in highest heaven, he verily knows it, or perhaps he knows not.

That One Thing, breathless, breathed by its own nature: apart from it was nothing whatsoever.

he verily knows it, or perhaps he knows not.

world history tries to describe the path all humans share, simplybecause we are members of the same species.

historians are best at connecting the past to the problems of the present and thepossibilities of the future.

some colonists began to fear a pattern of increased taxation and restricted liberties.

The widespread support for resisting the Tea Act had more to do with principles. By buying tea, even though it was cheaper, colonists would be paying the duty and thereby implicitly acknowledging Parliament’s right to tax them.

hoping that their refusal to import British goods would lead British merchants to lobby for the repeal of the Stamp Act.

hey sought to eliminate Britain’s growing national debt by raising taxes and cutting spending on the colonies.

Trimble posed for a few photos inside the ice cream shop before a young boy and his dad walked in for some ice cream. Soon after, Trimble slid on some gloves, tied on a black Ben & Jerry’s apron and went to work. The kid ordered chocolate ice cream, and Trimble served up two scoops for him on a waffle cone before handing it to him.

“Basketball is the thing that I crave the most. It’s what I love to do, but there are things that I also want to explore, and that’s the business world, that’s entrepreneurship. That’s just seeing what I can do and how successful I can be in these other fields.”

When learning new information, taking a break—either by sleeping or simply enjoying a distraction—is another way of allowing the unconscious mind to process the data in novel and surprising ways. This often lays the groundwork for a creative insight or breakthrough.

Creative people embody complexity; they show tendencies of thought and action that are segregated in others, according to the pioneering creativity researcher Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. They balance intense energy with quiet rest, playfulness with discipline, fantasy with reality, and passion for their work with objectivity.

Occam’s razor is frequently used by scientists, in particular for theoretical matters. The simpler a hypothesis is, the more easily it can be proven or falsified. A complex explanation for a phenomenon involves many factors which can be difficult to test or lead to issues with the repeatability of an experiment. As a consequence, the simplest solution which is consistent with the existing data is preferred. However, it is common for new data to allow hypotheses to become more complex over time.

There are exceptions to any rule, and we should never blindly follow the results of applying a mental model which logic, experience, or empirical evidence contradict. When you hear hoofbeats behind you, in most cases you should think horses, not zebras—unless you are out on the African savannah.

Occam’s razor has long played a role in attitudes towards the punishment of crimes. In this context, it refers to the idea that people should be given the least punishment necessary for their crimes.

Occam’s razor can be used in a wide range of situations, as a means of making rapid decisions and establishing truths without empirical evidence. It works best as a mental model for making initial conclusions before the full scope of information can be obtained.

While there is no clear evidence of palaces, kings, or warfare, Caral had monuments and sunken plazas that seem to have been used for community rituals. Coordinated projects such as the building of extensive irrigation systems

No species, not even our own arrogant one pretending to be good individuals in so-called modern Western scripts, acts alone; assemblages of organic species and of abiotic actors make history,

No species, not even our own arrogant one pretending to be good individuals in so-called modern Western scripts, acts alone; assemblages of organic species and of abiotic actors make history, the evolutionary kind and the other kinds too.

Over a couple hundred years from now, maybe the human people of this planet can again be numbered two or three billion or so, while all along the way being part of increasing well being for diverse human beings and other critters as means and not just ends.

Kin is an assembling sort of word. All critters share a common “flesh,” laterally, semiotically, and genealogically.

As in Uruk, families responsible for storing grain accumulated social power, although they lessened the sting of the inequality by brewing beer and baking bread for the people.

These are defined as effects that are not the main point of the economic activity, and are typically NOT reflected in prices or other economic measures.

Once a teacher applies for and receives a job at a school, they receive a teaching contract. A teaching contract is a written agreement between the school system and the teacher and serves as a legal document identifying the roles and responsibilities for the teaching position.

all children within a state’s jurisdiction, whether legal or illegal, have the right to a public education, if a public education is provided by the state.

But if you go into a classroom, you may notice a teacher calling on a shy student and not calling on another student who usually dominates the discussion. Is this equal? The teacher is clearly treating the two students differently.

The Supreme Court held that education is not a “fundamental right” because it is not mentioned in the U.S. Constitution nor the Bill of Rights,

You may have heard of the word “tenure” in discussions about teaching contracts.

In fulfillment of the obligation to the student, the educator shall not unreasonably deny the student access to varying points of view

Depending on the teacher’s interpretation, she might believe that she should not report the student for cheating because it would impact his grade point average and cause more stress for his mother.

The teacher works with others to create environments that support individual and collaborative learning, and that encourage positive social interaction, active engagement in learning, and self-motivation

Institutions can work toward recruiting, supporting, and retaining ethnic minority researchers, clinicians, and trainees to diversify the mental health workforce.

Over the past decade, the number of studies investigating the effects of cultural competency trainings has nearly doubled

To meet the needs of all prospective clients, the same effort, time, and funding that has been granted to studying CBT must be afforded to studying culturally competent CBT.

These features include (a) an emphasis on tailoring to unique client needs, (b) an emphasis on empowerment, (c) a focus on conscious processes that can be easily articulated and accessed, (d) attention to ongoing outcome and process assessment from the client's perspective, which demonstrates respect for the client's viewpoint, and (e) attention to naturally occurring strengths and supports that can be leveraged to facilitate change.

‘Never thought anything like this could happen in your lifetime, did you, bub? Well, it’s a strange life, we all know that. Go on now. Keep it up.’

The truth is, cathedrals don’t mean anything special to me. Nothing. Cathedrals. They’re something to look at on late-night TV. That’s all they are.’

Sometimes the cathedrals have devils and such carved into the front. Sometimes lords and ladies. Don’t ask me why this is,

But say my life depended on it. Say my life being threatened by an insane guy who said I had to do it or else.

The men who began their life’s work on them, they never lived to see the completion of their work. In that wise, bub, they’re no different from the rest of us, right?’

‘Bub

‘I do now, my dear. There’s a first time for everything. But I don’t feel anything yet.’

But I heard nothing of the sort. More talk of Robert

We didn’t talk. We ate. We scarfed. We grazed that table. We were into serious eating.

But I didn’t feel like I was inside anything.

All this without his having ever seen what the goddamned woman looked like.

‘Was his wife a negro?’ I asked.

I heard my own name in the mouth of this stranger, this blind man I didn’t even know! And then this: ‘From all you’ve said about him, I can only conclude – ’ But we were interrupted, a knock at the door, something, and we didn’t ever get back to the tape. Maybe it was just as well. I’d heard all I wanted to.

How do I know these things?

He was no one I knew. And his being blind bothered me

The blind man said, ‘We’re drawing a cathedral. Me and him are working on it. Press hard,’ he said to me. ‘That’s right. That’s good,’ he said. ‘Sure. You got it, bub. I can tell. You didn’t think you could. But you can, can’t you?

‘Keep them that way,’ he said. He said, ‘Don’t stop now. Draw.’

So we kept on with it. His fingers rode my fingers as my hand went over the paper. It was like nothing else in my life up to now.

My eyes were still closed. I was in my house. I knew that. But I didn’t feel like I was inside anything. ‘It’s really something,’ I said.

‘Bub, it’s all right,’ the blind man said. ‘It’s fine with me. Whatever you want to watch is okay. I’m always learning something. Learning never ends. It won’t hurt me to learn something tonight. I got ears,’ he said.

It’s funny, but if I turn the TV on, and I’m always turning it on, I turn on the colour set. It’s funny, don’t you think?’

I remembered having read somewhere that the blind didn’t smoke because, as speculation had it, they couldn’t see the smoke they exhaled. I thought I knew that much and that much only about blind people. But this blind man smoked his cigarette down to the nubbin and then lit another one. This blind man filled the ashtray and my wife emptied it.

I’ve never met, or personally known, anyone who was blind. This blind man was in his late forties, a heavy-set, balding man with stopped shoulders, as if he carried a great weight there. He wore brown slacks, brown shoes, a light-brown shirt, a tie, a sports coat. Spiffy. He also had this full beard. But he didn’t use a cane and he didn’t wear dark glasses. I’d always thought dark glasses were a must for the blind. Fact was, I wished he had a pair. At first glance, his eyes looked like anyone else’s eyes. But if you looked close, there was something different about them.

‘I feel like we’ve already met,’ he boomed.

It was beyond my understanding. Hearing this, I felt sorry for the blind man for a little bit. And then I found myself thinking what a pitiful life this woman must have led. Imagine a woman who could never see herself as she was seen in the eyes of her loved one. A woman who could go on day after day and never receive the smallest compliment from her beloved. A woman whose husband could never read the expression on her face, be it misery or something better. Someone who could wear makeup or not – what difference to him? She could, if she wanted, wear green eye-shadow around one eye, a straight pin in her nostril, yellow slacks and purple shoes, no matter. And then to slip off into the death, the blind man’s hand on her hand, his blind eyes streaming tears – I’m imagining it now – her last thought maybe this: that he never even knew what she looked like, and she on an express to the grave.

‘Was his wife a negro?’ I asked. ‘Are you crazy?’ my wife said. ‘Have you just flipped or something?’ She picked up a potato. I saw it hit the floor, then roll under the stove. ‘What’s wrong with you?’ she said. ‘Are you drunk?’

‘If you love me,’ she said ‘you can do this for me. If you don’t love me, okay. But if you had a friend, any friend, and the friend came to visit. I’d make him feel comfortable.’ She wiped her hands with the dish towel.

She and I began going out, and of course she told her blind man about it. She told him every-thing, or so it seemed to me.

Anyway, this man who’d first enjoyed her favours, the officer-to-be, he’d been her childhood sweetheart. So okay. I’m saying that at the end of summer she let the blind man run his hands over her face, said goodbye to him, married her childhood etc, who was now a commissioned officer, and she moved away from Seattle. But they’d kept in touch, she and the blind man.

Maybe I just don’t understand poetry. I admit it’s not the first thing I reach for when I pick up something to read.

My idea of blindness came from the movies. In the movies, the blind moved slowly and never laughed. Sometimes they were led by seeing eye dogs. Blind man in my house was not something I looked forward to.

She hadn’t seen him since she worked for him one summer in Seattle ten years ago. But she and the blind man had kept in touch.

So we kept on with it. His fingers rode my fingers as my hand went over the paper. It was like nothing else in my life up to now.

The blind man said, ‘We’re drawing a cathedral. Me and him are working on it. Press hard,’ he said to me. ‘That’s right. That’s good,’ he said. ‘Sure. You got it, bub. I can tell. You didn’t think you could. But you can, can’t you?

‘Bub, it’s all right,’ the blind man said. ‘It’s fine with me. Whatever you want to watch is okay. I’m always learning something. Learning never ends. It won’t hurt me to learn something tonight. I got ears,’ he said.

‘That’s all right,’ I said. Then I said, ‘I’m glad for the company.’ And I guess I was. Every night I smoked dope and stayed up as long as I could before I fell asleep.

‘Thanks, bub,’

It’s funny, but if I turn the TV on, and I’m always turning it on, I turn on the colour set. It’s funny, don’t you think?’

The blind man had right away located his foods, he knew just where everything was on his plate. I watched him with admiration as he used his knife and fork on the meat.

I remembered having read somewhere that the blind didn’t smoke because, as speculation had it, they couldn’t see the smoke they exhaled. I thought I knew that much and that much only about blind people. But this blind man smoked his cigarette down to the nubbin and then lit another one.

This blind man was in his late forties, a heavy-set, balding man with stopped shoulders, as if he carried a great weight there. He wore brown slacks, brown shoes, a light-brown shirt, a tie, a sports coat. Spiffy. He also had this full beard. But he didn’t use a cane and he didn’t wear dark glasses. I’d always thought dark glasses were a must for the blind. Fact was, I wished he had a pair. At first glance, his eyes looked like anyone else’s eyes. But if you looked close, there was something different about them.

I’ve never met, or personally known, anyone who was blind.

‘Right side,’ the blind man said. ‘I hadn’t been on a train in nearly 40 years. Not since I was a kid. With my folks. That’s been a long time. I’d nearly forgotten the sensation.

‘I feel like we’ve already met,’ he boomed.

Someone who could wear makeup or not – what difference to him? She could, if she wanted, wear green eye-shadow around one eye, a straight pin in her nostril, yellow slacks and purple shoes, no matter. And then to slip off into the death, the blind man’s hand on her hand, his blind eyes streaming tears – I’m imagining it now – her last thought maybe this: that he never even knew what she looked like, and she on an express to the grave.

It was beyond my understanding. Hearing this, I felt sorry for the blind man for a little bit. And then I found myself thinking what a pitiful life this woman must have led. Imagine a woman who could never see herself as she was seen in the eyes of her loved one. A woman who could go on day after day and never receive the smallest compliment from her beloved. A woman whose husband could never read the expression on her face, be it misery or something better.

She and I began going out, and of course she told her blind man about it. She told him every-thing, or so it seemed to me.

Her officer – Why should he have a name? He was the childhood sweetheart, and what more does he want?

My idea of blindness came from the movies. In the movies, the blind moved slowly and never laughed. Sometimes they were led by seeing eye dogs. Blind man in my house was not something I looked forward to.

kinsmen

white-upturned

caetera

JAMAICA, indeed, theytalk of one negroe as a man of parts and learning; but it islikely he is admired for slender accomplishments, like aparrot, who speaks a few words plainly

No ingenious manufactures amongstthem, no arts, no sciences

A man must never tell his wife if he risks a part of hisfortune on behalf of a friend

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

and because of their rarity may well makeher into an object of a cold admiration

People sometimes confuse the two, but UI is actually a specialized subset of UX.

Where do UX and UI overlap?Scan online job listings, and you'll notice employers seeking UX/UI designers— digital designers who can fulfill both roles. This may be a stretch, but it's possible, says Hugo."You can work in a team where you have UI designers and UX designers as separate disciplines," he says. "But a product designer or UX designer might take on UI responsibilities, working alongside someone like a business analyst to understand all of the scenarios that need to be covered." While UI is generally understood as a specialized subset of UX work, there are three key areas of overlap:User-centered design expertise. Both disciplines require designers to develop empathy for the end user and consider how users want to use a product or site.Cross-functional teams. Designers working on UI and UX must collaborate closely with graphic designers and developers to make products and sites appealing, accessible, and usable.Design tools. UX and UI designers use many of the same tools, such as Figma’s design system software , prototyping tool, UI design tool and UX design tool.

Cross-functional teams. Designers working on UI and UX must collaborate closely with graphic designers and developers to make products and sites appealing, accessible, and usable.

In digital design, user interface (UI) refers to the interactivity, look, and feel of a product screen or web page, while user experience (UX) covers a user’s overall experience with the product or website. Read on to find out what it takes to design engaging UI, and create a memorable UX.

People sometimes confuse the two, but UI is actually a specialized subset of UX. According to Figma Designer Advocate Hugo Raymond, engaging UI lays the foundation for a positive overall user experience with a digital product or website. "Effective user interface design brings together usability and interactive design to build an emotive connection between users and products," he explains.

To deliver a positive user experience, UX designers need to understand their target audience.

5 steps to UX design

People sometimes confuse the two, but UI is actually a specialized subset of UX

In order to organize the building and maintenance of the irrigation system, and to keep records of the extensive grain business, the people running the Temples developed cuneiform writing on clay tablets by about 5,200 years ago.

I believed that her English reflected the quality of whatshe had to say That is, because she expressed them imperfectly her thoughts were imperfect.

which could certainly be described as "watered down"; and what Iimagined to be her translation of her Chinese if she could speak in perfect English, her internal language,and for that I sought to preserve the essence, but neither an English nor a Chinese structure. I wanted

“The beer’s nice and cool,” the man said. “It’s lovely,” the girl said. “It’s really an awfully simple operation, Jig,” the man said. “It’s not really an operation at all.” The girl looked at the ground the table legs rested on. “I know you wouldn’t mind it, Jig. It’s really not anything. It’s just to let the air in.” The girl did not say anything. “I’ll go with you and I’ll stay with you all the time. They just let the air in and then it’s all perfectly natural.” “Then what will we do afterward?” “We’ll be fine afterward. Just like we were before.” “What makes you think so?” “That’s the only thing that bothers us. It’s the only thing that’s made us unhappy.”

“Then I’ll do it. Because I don’t care about me.” “What do you mean?” “I don’t care about me.” “Well, I care about you.” “Oh, yes. But I don’t care about me. And I’ll do it and then everything will be fine.”

Hills Like White Elephants

Day 1 of 7: Why Discipline Is Not the Key to Success

By margins ranging from 10 to 34 percentage points, larger shares of lower-income parents than those with middle and upper incomes say they are extremely or very worried about each of the following happening to their children at some point: struggling with anxiety or depression, being bullied, being kidnapped or abducted, getting beaten up or attacked, having problems with drugs or alcohol, getting shot, getting pregnant or getting someone pregnant as a teenager, and getting in trouble with the police. (Only parents with children under age 18 were included in this study.)

Looking at parents’ own educational attainment, 51% of those with a postgraduate degree say it’s extremely or very important to them that their children graduate from college, followed by 43% of those with a bachelor’s degree and 40% of those with a high school diploma or less education.

The CAT and Temple’s Strategic Plan

Access Is the Key

These works of literature are always past tense, even when they purport to be presenting events in present tense; they record moments

present tense

allows us entry into the mystery to be explored.

Envision a play dramatically by seeing the characters enter this emptiness, as they would a stage in a theater; as much “background” is provided as the playwright has given you in his notes and asides.

The prose writer, coming to the theater, is likely to be stunned, if not dismayed, by the leaden nature of his best “writerly” work when it is presented by living actors on a blunt, exposed stage.

Lastly, we aim to establish mentorship relationships between students and professionals in STEM fields, with a target of pairing at least 100 students with mentors over the course of the program.

Moreover, the demand for skilled professionals in STEM fields continues to grow.

By providing these young individuals with the necessary skills and knowledge, we aim to empower them to pursue careers in STEM fields, ultimately contributing to a more diverse and inclusive workforce.

Through hands-on learning experiences, mentorship opportunities, and community engagement, we will create an environment where minority youth can thrive.

5e langue mondiale par le nombre de ses locuteurs, après l’anglais, le mandarin, l’hindi et l’espagnol, la langue française est la seule, avec l’anglais, à être présente sur les 5 continents

Linking rewards to performance measures.Should compensation systems be linked tobalanced scorecard measures? Some compa-nies, believing that tying financial compensa-tion to performance is a powerful lever, havemoved quickly to establish such a linkage.

Communicating and educating. Implement-ing a strategy begins with educating thosewho have to execute it. Whereas some organi-zations opt to hold their strategy close tothe vest, most believe that they should dis-seminate it from top to bottom. A broad-basedcommunication program shares with allemployees the strategy and the critical objec-tives they have to meet if the strategy is tosucceed. Onetime events such as the distribu-tion of brochures or newsletters and theholding of “town meetings” might kick off theprogram. Some organizations post bulletinboards that illustrate and explain the balancedscorecard measures, then update them withmonthly results. Others use groupware andelectronic bulletin boards to distribute thescorecard to the desktops of all employeesand to encourage dialogue about the mea-sures. The same media allow employees tomake suggestions for achieving or exceedingthe targets

When a scorecard is disseminated up anddown the organizational chart, strategy be-comes a tool available to everyone. As thehigh-level scorecard cascades down to indi-vidual business units, overarching strategicobjectives and measures are translated intoobjectives and measures appropriate toeach particular group. Tying these targets toindividual performance and compensationsystems yields “personal scorecards.” Thus,individual employees understand how theirown productivity supports the overall strategy

The second process—communicating andlinking—lets managers communicate theirstrategy up and down the organization andlink it to departmental and individual objec-tives. Traditionally, departments are evaluatedby their financial performance, and individualincentives are tied to short-term financialgoals. The scorecard gives managers a way ofensuring that all levels of the organization un-derstand the long-term strategy and that bothdepartmental and individual objectives arealigned with it

The first new process—translating the vision—helps managers build a consensus aroundthe organization’s vision and strategy. De-spite the best intentions of those at the top,lofty statements about becoming “best inclass,” “the number one supplier,” or an “em-powered organization” don’t translate easilyinto operational terms that provide usefulguides to action at the local level. For peopleto act on the words in vision and strategystatements, those statements must be expressedas an integrated set of objectives and mea-sures, agreed upon by all senior executives,that describe the long-term drivers of success

Most companies’ operational and man-agement control systems are built around fi-nancial measures and targets, which bearlittle relation to the company’s progress inachieving long-term strategic objectives.Thus the emphasis most companies placeon short-term financial measures leaves agap between the development of a strategyand its implementation.

When performance measures for theseareas are added to the financial metrics, theresult is not only a broader perspective onthe company’s health and activities, it’s alsoa powerful organizing framework. A sophis-ticated instrument panel for coordinatingand fine-tuning a company’s operationsand businesses so that all activities arealigned with its strategy

These nonfinancial metrics are so valuablemainly because they predict future financialperformance rather than simply report what’salready happened. This article, first published in1996, describes how the balanced scorecard canhelp senior managers systematically link currentactions with tomorrow’s goals, focusing on thatplace where, in the words of the authors, “therubber meets the sky

Why do budgets often bear little directrelation to a company’s long-term strategicobjectives? Because they don’t takeenough into consideration. A balancedscorecard augments traditional financialmeasures with benchmarks for perfor-mance in three key nonfinancial areas:• a company’s relationship with itscustomers• its key internal processes• its learning and growth

Another organization attempted to validateits hypothesized cause-and-effect relation-ships in the balanced scorecard by measuringthe strength of the linkages among measuresin the different perspectives.

The problem is that most organizationshave separate procedures and organizationalunits for strategic planning and for resourceallocation and budgeting. To formulate theirstrategic plans, senior executives go off-siteannually and engage for several days inactive discussions facilitated by senior plan-ning and development managers or externalconsultants. The outcome of this exercise is astrategic plan articulating where the com-pany expects (or hopes or prays) to be inthree, five, and ten years. Typically, suchplans then sit on executives’ bookshelves forthe next 12 months.

.Around the Balanced Scorecard

Communicating and Linking“The top ten people in the business now un-derstand the strategy better than ever before.It’s too bad,” a senior executive of a major oilcompany complained, “that we can’t put thisin a bottle so that everyone could share it.”With the balanced scorecard, he can.One company we have worked with de-liberately involved three layers of managementin the creation of its balanced scorecard.The senior executive group formulated thefinancial and customer objectives. It thenmobilized the talent and information in thenext two levels of managers by having themformulate the internal-business-processand learning-and-growth objectives thatwould drive the achievement of the financialand customer goals. For example, knowingthe importance of satisfying customers’ ex-pectations of on-time delivery, the broade

1. IntroductionIn 2017, cat fans took to Twitter to document their cats’ attraction totight spaces by taping complete shape outlines on their floors andobserving their cats sit inside, spurring over eighty-two-thousandretweets and trending hashtag #CatSquare (Fig. 1). Affectionatelytermed “if I fits I sits,” the urge to inhabit enclosed spaces is well-knownto cat owners and has been documented to decrease stress in laboratorycats (Carlstead et al., 1993) and shelter cats given boxes in which to hide(Hawkins, 2005; Kry and Casey, 2007; Vinke et al., 2014). In fact, catsdeprived of shelter resources like boxes will attempt to manufacturetheir own by hiding behind or underneath box-like objects like litterpans (Gourkow and Fraser, 2006). The reason for this behavior is stillunknown but is clearly highly desirable.Regardless of the reason for their attraction to enclosed spaces, thisbehavioral phenomenon proves to be an excellent tool to study the vi-sual perception of shapes and contours in domestic cats. Neurologicalstudy of this phenomenon began in cats and found that these nonhumananimals’ (hereafter animals) retinal receptive fields are sensitive tocontours along a luminance gradient (Redies et al., 1986). Contourcomprehension is theorized to be evolutionarily critical in the under-standing of physical objects and boundary interpolation (Kellman,2003), and the study of visuo-cognitive phenomena such as illusionsusceptibility offers a fascinating perspective into the effects of envi-ronmental pressures and life experience on vision (Kelley and Kelley,2014).* Corresponding author at: Animal Behavior and Conservation Program, Department of Psychology, Hunter College, 695 Park Avenue, New York, NY, 10065,United States.E-mail address: gabriella.smith28@myhunter.cuny.edu (G.E. Smith).Contents lists available at ScienceDirectApplied Animal Behaviour Sciencejournal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/applanimhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2021.105338Received 1 September 2020; Received in revised form 20 April 2021; Accepted 26 April 2021

A well-known phenomenon to cat owners is the tendency of their cats to sit in enclosed spaces such as boxes,laundry baskets, and even shape outlines taped on the floor. This investigative study asks whether domestic cats(Felis silvestris catus) are also susceptible to sitting in enclosures that are illusory in nature, utilizing cats’attraction to box-like spaces to assess their perception of the Kanizsa square visual illusion. Carried out duringthe COVID-19 pandemic, this study randomly assigned citizen science participants Booklets of six randomized,counterbalanced daily stimuli to print out, prepare, and place on the floor in pairs. Owners observed and vid-eorecorded their cats’ behavior with the stimuli and reported findings from home over the course of the six dailytrials. This study ultimately reached over 500 pet cats and cat owners, and of those, 30 completed all of thestudy’s trials. Of these, nine cat subjects selected at least one stimulus by sitting within the contours (illusory orotherwise) with all limbs for at least three seconds. This study revealed that cats selected the Kanizsa illusion justas often as the square and more often than the control, indicating that domestic cats may treat the subjectiveKanizsa contours as they do real contours. Given the drawbacks of citizen science projects such as participantattrition, future research would benefit from replicating this study in controlled settings. To the best of ourknowledge, this investigation is the first of its kind in three regards: a citizen science study of cat cognition; aformal examination into cats’ attraction to 2D rather than 3D enclosures; and study into cats’ susceptibility toillusory contours in an ecologically relevant paradigm. This study demonstrates the potential of more ecologi-cally valid study of pet cats, and more broadly provides an interesting new perspective into cat visual perceptionresearch.

If I fits I sits: A citizen science investigation into illusory contoursusceptibility in domestic cats (Felis silvestris catus)

There are also double-digit differences between mothers and fathers in the shares who say they feel judged at least sometimes by other parents in their community (41% vs. 27%), their friends (34% vs. 22%) and people they interact with on online groups or message boards (31% vs. 16%, among those who offered an answer, excluding those who said this didn’t apply).

making statements that nobody can possibly disagree with.Though this view of writing may appear logical, it is actually a recipefor flat, lifeless writing

But even themost justified critiques fall flat, we submit, unless we really listen toand understand the views we are criticizing:

making statements that nobody can possibly disagree with.Though this view of writing may appear logical, it is actually a recipefor flat, lifeless writing

You deplore the demonstrations taking place inBirmingham. But your statement, I am sorry to say, failsto express a similar concern for the conditions thatbrought about the demonstrations

Now look at what happens to the same proposition when itis presented as a response to something “they say”:

it is the importance not only of expressing yourideas (“I say”) but also of presenting those ideas as a response tosome other person or group (“they say”).

omissions

Written sources tell us thatVolvas wielded magical staffs (the Norse word völvaliterally means ‘staff-bearer’), and that they were gen-erally feared and considered dangerous because oftheir access to the supernatural. Yet archaeologically,graves containing their eponymous staffs are usuallyfound in distinctly well-to-do, elaborate burials (for adetailed discussion of such graves, see Price 2002),suggesting that such women were honoured andrespected

She is also theone who displays the most violent behaviour. Sheencourages the girl to imbibe a drink to the pointof inebriation, muddling the girl’s wits, numbingher to the realities of her final moments.

suggest the fascinationwith slave girls may be something of a modernimposition on the ultimate reading of these sources.

‘When a great man dies, the members of his familysay to his slave girls and young slave boys: “whichof you will die with him?”’

Hilda Ellis (1969, 57) suggests that by choosing todie with her master, the slave girl earns the right tocall him her husband, thereby significantly improv-ing her social standing and position in the afterlife.

‘the slave girl whowanted to be killed’

gluconeogenesis

Alcohol

Doe s no t pass i nt o [a view of] existence

aggregates as un tr ue

T h e m e nt al a nd physical aggregates ariseFr om t he c once pti on o f I whi ch is false i n fact.bH o w c ould wh at is grownFr om a false seed be true?

Newton’s universe seemed more like one of the new mechanical clocks that were just becoming popular. These complex machines might require a mechanical engineer or a watchmaker to design and build them, but once made and wound they could be left to themselves

Galileo’s middle finger, preserved in the science museum of Florence, Italy

Luther translated the Bible into German and wrote a hymnal, so Germans could worship in their own language and understand what they were saying at church—Latin was still the official language of the Catholic Church (and would remain so until 1965).

Peter I (Peter the Great, r. 1672-1725) visited Europe in disguise for 18 months to study shipbuilding and new administrative techniques that he used to modernize his realm and establish the Russian Empire.

The Mughal Empire of India was established in 1526 by a Persian-speaking dynasty that traced its authority back to Genghis Khan’s second son, Chagatai

kapcsolódnak

akkor az adott üzletrész instrumentumból állomány képződik, változik, vagy megszűnik

a state of internal balance essential for survival

). When our self-image does not line up with thesestandards, the result is low self-esteem which is also continuously linked to poormental health outcomes and the impostor phenomenon

Extension

a“regions-of-error”techniqueshowingthemodeluncertaintyofpredictions[30].Similarly,Kinkeldeyetal.usealandscapemetaphorinaclustervisualization,indicatingthroughagrey-scaletopographyhowcertaintheclusteringmodelisaboutthemembershipofeachindividualpointbytheirlocationin“peaksorslopes”[36].

The ability to read this guide all the way to the bottom

Cutting-edgevisualization practice is reported in professional conferences such as the internationally renowned2and3D Photography conference hosted by Rijksmuseum in the Netherlands in cooperation withthe Association for Historical and Fine Art Photography in the United Kingdom. For example,in 2021 Kurt Heumiller discussed his work with the Museum of Modern Art in capturing VanGogh’s Starry Night in 3D.

A burgeoning practice within digital heritage also emphasizes the creation of interpretive ma-terials, the curation and documentation of objects, and the examination of the digital receptionof heritage, particularly through social media

anasi (2020) further provides a usefulsnapshot of the discourse and distribution of degree programs in digital archaeology and the differ-ences between disciplinary categorization in North America and Europe.

The HTML format is largely unchanged, but the parsing front-end and output mechanisms have been completely rewritten in Python, and enhanced output validation has been added.

Therefore

Despite the adaptable nature of cougars and their capacity to travel long distances

genetically differentiated into two clusters