jusqu'à présent j'ai parlé publiquement de programme de soutien à la parentalité ou de programme de lecture parentale 00:52:04 mais nous savons bien que euh la plupart des interventions cibleent souvent les maires ou lorsqu'il n'y a pas de cible de prédéfin on finit dans la plupart des cas par entrer en relation avec les maères ou les grand-mères les surs annés 00:52:17 et cetera euh on a commencé très récemment à développer des interventions qui ciblent spécifiquement les pères mais leur nombre est est encore très petit euh j'en connais peut-être trois 00:52:31 pour tirer des des conclusions robustes par ailleurs les les quelques interventions qui ont évaluées avec des études randomisés ne donnent pas des des résultats très encourageants mais tout laiss penser que c'est une piste 00:52:44 d'intervention et de recherche qui sera ultérieurement développé dans les années à venir

cette fois-ci et ça c'est l'enquête de 2003 et en fonction du niveau scolaire des du niveau de 01:04:15 diplôme des mères eTTH et donc on a ça c'est les la donnée d'ensemble pour le lycée plus de 60 % ou 70 % des mères se jugent dépassé quand il s'agit des études au lycée pour leurs enfants euh 01:04:28 et bon vous voyez le l'élémentaire c'est en rosé et le rouge c'est le euh c'est le collège euh et pour l'anign bon et la corrélation évidemment avec le niveau de d'éducation des mères il est il est 01:04:42 assez clair plus elles sont diplômées et donc éduqué plus euh le sentiment de dépassement euh euh est moindre que à des niveaux de formation des mères qui 01:04:54 sont inférieurs donc évidemment quand on transforme la société avec un niveau de formation des des femmes de plus en plus élevé

on va regarder ce qui se passe 00:58:50 en fonction du diplôme et c'est là que je me rapproche de de mon sujet général euh le le diplôme de la mère comment est-ce qu'il va jouer sur la quantité de de temps donné à l'enfant pour le 00:59:04 soutenir

Experiments on Twitter by Bjarke Mønsted and his colleagues at the Technical University of Denmark and the University of Southern California indicate that information is transmitted via “complex contagion”: when we are repeatedly exposed to an idea, typically from many sources, we are more likely to adopt and reshare it. This social bias is further amplified by what psychologists call the “mere exposure” effect: when people are repeatedly exposed to the same stimuli, such as certain faces, they grow to like those stimuli more than those they have encountered less often.

If anyone can completely refactor the JSON Schema description for OpenAPI v3.0 to accurately describe the schema in all its glory, without using this new keyword, then please do so, but I would kindly ask you to test the theory first.

Interleaving is a learning technique that involves mixing together different topics or forms of practice, in order to facilitate learning. For example, if a student uses interleaving while preparing for an exam, they can mix up different types of questions, rather than study only one type of question at a time.Interleaving, which is sometimes referred to as mixed practice or varied practice, is contrasted with blocked practice (sometimes referred to as specific practice), which involves focusing on only a single topic or form of practice at a time.

So when we struggle – like when we have difficulty making sense of a math review problem, or when we can’t seem to get a note to speak in quite the right way in a run-through – it appears that we misinterpret greater effort as an indication of reduced learning. And that this is why we tend to gravitate to activities like re-reading the textbook, which feels easier and more productive than struggling for five minutes to solve a review problem and still getting it wrong. 

Well, for one, there was a clear preference for the blocked study schedule, with 68% of participants reporting that they would choose the blocked strategy to study for a test, while only 32% chose the interleaved strategy. Which is interesting, because the research on blocked vs. interleaved practice suggests that in many cases, interleaving is actually the more effective strategy (here’s a great summary of the research on interleaved practice, why and how it works, guidelines for use, and examples of times when blocked may be better).

the research says is that students often

The student doesn’t have a strong preference for any of these archetypes. Their notes serve a clear purpose that’s often based on a short-term priority (e.g, writing a paper or passing a test), with the goal to “get it done” as simply as possible.

As Terry Doyleand Todd Zakrajsek put it: “If learning is your goal, cramming is anirrational act” (Doyle and Zakrajsek 2013).

If you now think: “That’s ridiculous. Who would want to read andpretend to learn just for the illusion of learning and understanding?”please look up the statistics: The majority of students chooses everyday not to test themselves in any way. Instead, they apply the verymethod research has shown again (Karpicke, Butler, and Roediger2009) and again (Brown 2014, ch. 1) to be almost completelyuseless: rereading and underlining sentences for later rereading.And most of them choose that method, even if they are taught thatthey don’t work.

We face here the same choice between methods that make us feellike we learned something and methods that truly do make us learnsomething.

Understanding is not just a precondition to learning something. Toa certain degree, learning is understanding.

Reading, especially rereading, caneasily fool us into believing we understand a text. Rereading isespecially dangerous because of the mere-exposure effect: Themoment we become familiar with something, we start believing wealso understand it. On top of that, we also tend to like it more(Bornstein 1989).

psychologists call the mere-exposure effect: doing something many times makes us believe wehave become good at it – completely independent of our actualperformance (Bornstein 1989). We unfortunately tend to confusefamiliarity with skill.

CHAPTER VI