The first half of the annotation is the authors argumental claim of fact, they think the first paragraph is about public debates of immigration. They support their claim by deviling deeper and better explaining why they came up with this claim in the second half. A counter argument can be made suggesting that the border is also responsible to stop illegal goods and smuggling from occurring or at least attempt to control the severity, therefore making it less of an immigration policy and more of a border discussion.

genderfairresearch

A same behavior may have different biological effects depending on the gendered context surrounding it. Socialization and gender norms can influence hormonal responses, challenging the idea that testosterone operates independently of social experience. This matters for psychological research because researchers should measure and consider context rather than assuming that a biological response has the same meaning or cause across different groups.

definitions

Researchers have used many different characteristics to define sex, including hormones, chromosomes, anatomy, secondary sex characteristics, and even social behaviors. These characteristics are not interchangeable, so treating them all as one category is limiting and wrong. We need to clearly define variables and avoid assuming that every biological or behavioral characteristic is associated with sex.

definitions

This passage illustrates the Week 2 concept of operationalization by showing that “sex” can refer to several distinct characteristics rather than one simple biological category. Van Anders says how a more precise definition can capture forms of variation that a male/female binary would overlook. This matters for psychological research because the way researchers operationalize sex determines what they can actually measure and what differences they may miss.

causation

Van Anders's interdisciplinary background contributed to her development of social neuroendocrinology. Her work challenges that biological processes can be understood independently of social context and behavior. The scientific explanations influence which causal relationships they investigate. Taking time to consider social context leads to the thought that biological/behavioral processes influence one another, rather than operating in their own directions.

genderfairresearch

Demonstrating concepts of inclusive and context-sensitive research practices, showing that assumptions about gender, sex, and sexuality can affect those included and how findings are interpreted. These assumptions influence not only research questions but also methods, participant inclusion, and the potential harms or benefits of research. Fair research requires researchers to find whether their methods accurately represent human diversity.

bias

Biologism can cause researchers to assume that biological explanations are more meaningful than social/cultural explanations. Van Anders shows that this assumption can influence which evidence researchers prioritize, potentially sidelining gender, nurture, and culture before the evidence is fully considered. Assumptions about what counts as valid evidence can shape both research questions and interpretations.

causation

This passage challenges the assumption that hormones are purely biological causes of behavior. Van Anders points out that hormones can potentially reflect gender, nurture, and culture as well as physiological processes, meaning that biological and social influences may interact rather than operate as separate forces. This matters for psychological research because researchers should not automatically interpret a biological difference as evidence that biology caused a behavior without considering how social experiences and contexts could also influence the biological process.

These are great recommendations. I've always used easybib. They have all of the different formats and give you all the prompts to fill in as well as fill in some information for you.

The author claims to have "sufficient evidence", but the robustness of the study depends on the duration of the research and the sample size. A two-year investigation involving 234 students was superior to a 12-week investigation involving only 83 students, but it still did not constitute a large-scale study. The research results may not be applicable to other universities, other countries, or different programming languages. The author has acknowledged this limitation in the section on limitations, but the conclusion sounds more certain than what the actual evidence supports.

The author uses the Self-Determination Theory (SDT) to explain why the use of artificial intelligence programming can enhance learning motivation. According to SDT, students need autonomy, competence, and a sense of belonging to generate intrinsic motivation. The AI assistant supports autonomy (students can explore independently) and competence (confidence is gained through successful interactions). This theoretical framework helps explain the mechanism behind the quantitative results - not only does artificial intelligence improve performance, but it also meets basic psychological needs. This makes an important contribution to the research.

The authors concluded that artificial intelligence has not yet fully replicated human social emotional collaboration. But is this a limitation of current artificial intelligence technology, or a fundamental limitation of artificial intelligence itself? As artificial intelligence becomes increasingly advanced in areas such as speech recognition, emotion recognition, and memory functions, will it eventually reach a level comparable to human social existence? This study cannot answer this question. However, it raises a larger issue: Should artificial intelligence attempt to replace human social interactions, or should it focus on making up for its deficiencies?

The author believes that artificial intelligence can alleviate programming anxiety because it is "non-judgmental", allowing students to make mistakes without worrying about social evaluations. This aligns with the research of Guo et al. (2026), where one student (S15) pointed out that teachers cannot provide one-on-one attention to each student, while artificial intelligence can do so. Both studies point to the same underlying mechanism: artificial intelligence provides a low-stress, readily available support system, thereby reducing students' psychological burdens. The difference lies in that Fan et al. focused on the alleviation of anxiety, while Guo et al. focused on personalized scaffolding support.

The author found that compared to solo programming, pair programming assisted by artificial intelligence significantly enhanced the sense of collaboration and social presence. But how did the artificial intelligence partner create this sense of social existence? Artificial intelligence has no emotions, no shared experiences, and no relationships. I want to understand the underlying mechanism - was it because the students personified the artificial intelligence, or because the responses from the artificial intelligence felt like a conversation?

The author employed the forward-backward translation method to adapt the questionnaire to a version suitable for the Chinese context. This is a rigorous methodological choice that helps enhance the credibility of the research. Many cross-cultural studies simply translate the questionnaire without verifying its equivalence, which may lead to measurement errors. By inviting bilingual experts to conduct the backward translation, the author ensured that the questionnaire met the requirements in both language and culture. This detail is often overlooked by many studies.

This study employed three sets of designs: artificial intelligence-assisted dual programming, human-to-human pair programming, and individual programming. This design is highly scientific because it separates two variables - collaboration (pair programming vs. individual programming) and artificial intelligence assistance (AI vs. no AI) - respectively. By comparing these three scenarios, the authors can determine whether the advantage of artificial intelligence stems from the technology itself or from the collaborative factors. Therefore, the research results are more profound and layered than a simple "with AI vs. without AI" comparison.

This is in line with the research conducted by Guo et al. (2026), who only studied an 8-week intervention program. While Fan et al.'s two-year design is more powerful in establishing long-term effects, this also raises a question: If artificial intelligence technology changes so rapidly (GPT-3.5 → Claude 3), and when AI itself is a constantly evolving target, can any research truly capture "the impact of artificial intelligence"?

The author describes artificial intelligence as a "collaborator in the learning process" in higher education. But what about the primary school stage? If preschool children use artificial intelligence before mastering basic skills, will this promote or hinder their learning? This is a developmental issue that has not been addressed in research yet. Future studies should explore how age affects the effectiveness of artificial intelligence.

I did not know using online encyclopedias were not as frowned upon as I thought. I have always been under the impression that using them at all was a huge no no. A lot of my teachers in the past have forbade us from even looking at them.

I have always been told back in high school to never use Wikipedia so I have never once used it in a research paper or anything I've ever turned in.

If climate disasters become more destructive because of inequalities that existed before the disaster, how much of the responsibility for protecting vulnerable communities should fall on climate policy versus policies addressing housing, poverty, and segregation?

Gonzalez uses Hurricane Katrina to show that climate-related disasters do not affect everyone equally. She argues that the effects of storms and flooding are intensified by inequalities that already exist within a community, such as poverty, racial segregation, and inadequate housing

Since environmental injustice can take so many different forms, how should governments determine what a “just” climate policy looks like? Is addressing unequal exposure to environmental hazards enough, or does climate justice also require addressing poverty, racism, political exclusion, and unequal enforcement of laws?

Gonzalez explains that climate justice developed from the Environmental Justice Movement, which focused on the unequal environmental burdens placed on low-income communities and communities of color. She identifies several different forms of injustice, including unequal exposure to hazards, exclusion from decision-making, unequal enforcement of environmental laws, and the connection between environmental problems and broader social inequalities etc.

While AI has been taking part in our lives in places where its not necessary, I do think that sometimes the AI summary is super helpful when you need a quick overview of a topic. You no longer have to click on links to find an answer to your question, its right there at the top of your screen.

Before college, when I was assigned a research project about a specific topic, I used to google the topic and select the top search results as reliable sources. However, looking back on it, I believe understanding exactly what kind of evidence or information is needed about said topic will significantly help the reader out in not only presenting the research, but better understanding the topic as well.

In my experience, this is the most difficult part of any kind of research. Especially when I have a lot of ideas or struggle to find any interest in a topic.

Generative AI would be a great source for background information on the topic you're researching! It provides you with just enough information fo you to understand the basics of the topic but will leave you with questions that should entice the writer to do further research.

Clear guidelines on what is expected out of the writer's research question. It's important to note that the question should not be just a 'yes' or 'no' kind of question. A more simple way to understand this: your thesis should be able to answer your research question by backing up, or negating, the claim using at least 3-5 sources of credible information.

This made me think about if the data collected for the visitation numbers are actually fair to compare because if each park collects the numbers differently, the numbers could be inconsistent and make some parks seem more or less popular than they actually are.

I thought this was really interesting because I never really thought about how park visitation data could also help the communities around the parks too. This shows that this data is a lot more than just how popular a park is, it can also help nearby towns and make sure they have enough resources.

How does understanding the historical roots of environmental injustice change the way we think about environmental problems today? If environmental inequality developed through systems that existed for generations, can it be addressed without also addressing those larger historical and social inequalities?

How can an environmental policy be beneficial for the environment but harmful or unfair to the people living in the affected community?

some environmental policies have focused on protecting or cleaning up the environment while placing the economic or social burden on working-class people and communities of color.

being affected by an environmental decision is different from finally having a voice in making that decision.

Communities of color have been fighting against environmental contamination and exploitation for generations, long before the Environmental Justice Movement became formally recognized in the late 1980s and early 1990s

They are describing how mainstream environmental organizations sometimes made decisions about these communities without actually including the people who lived there.

So that means it's the same in very different cultures, that's really interesting

FIND THIS STUDY (LOOK AT REFERENCES)

Scary but unsurprising, I wonder if it's because they underestimate their needs?

Man what the hell is her problem???

It sounds like she's made friends in these people, why does she speak of them so poorly? Has she considered that she is the problem? Of course not, God is on her side.

Aww, the poor Christians. They'd never hurt anyone, right? Ahem https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Christian_missions

How many of those towns were founded on the blood of their friends, parents, siblings, etc.? How many Europeans bothered to attempt to live peacefully with the natives instead of uprooting their entire way of life?

Right, it's so terrible to mourn a loss and celebrate a victory. Now why don't you tell us why they were fighting the English, Mary? I'm very curious.

Oh I just know Mary would thrive in Tel Aviv if she were alive today.

I know she intends this to sound disgusting and barbaric, and while it's not the most appetizing thing I've ever heard, it's thoroughly impressive what people can do to survive when it comes down to it. Also, rattlesnakes? I had to look it up, but sure enough there is one species of rattlesnake that is native to New England, the timber rattlesnake. Huh, cool.

Yeah, when you live somewhere for multiple generations you figure it out.

I thought everyone on Earth were God's people, or is that only white people? I hate this lady so much it's not even funny.

Now Mary, I know you think that the English are God's gift to humanity and that these stupid natives couldn't have survived on their own, but is it at all possible that they simply know how to survive in the conditions of the area they've inhabited for generations?

Your poor country? How are you going to diminish the impact of one of the most powerful colonizing forces in the history of the world?

Is she finally waking up to the absurdity of her own beliefs, or will this be short-lived as the rest of the reflection she's done?

She compares the natives to animals, but she also compares the English to animals as well this time. It appears the English people she compares to animals are children, however, and they are represented as prey animals rather than predators. This both exemplifies how she views the natives as predatory (lacking perspective), and how she views children as things (although animals are not "things," they would've considered livestock property).

This made me think about how a patient’s culture and values could affect the treatment they are comfortable with or willing to follow. Healthcare providers should understand those differences instead of assuming that every patient will respond to the same information in the same way.

This stood out to me because unclear communication in healthcare could also cause someone to get hurt. For example, if a patient misunderstands how to perform a home exercise, they could make their injury worse instead of improving it.

I think this is especially important in healthcare because providers understand medical terms that patients may have never heard before. As a future physical therapist, I will need to explain injuries and treatment plans in a way that makes sense without overwhelming the patient.

This image connects death with the possibility of rebirth (which we see as an extremely prevelant theme throughout the poem), but in a grotesque unnatural way. Eliot then suddenly addresses "you" through Baudelaire's words. The effect is to implicate the reader in the spirutall barreness of the Waste Land. They are not simply observing this dead, fragmented society from the outside; but belong to it. Eliot's image of the buried corpse potentially producing growth mirros Baudelaire's creation of "flowers" from corruption and evil. Thus prompting if something living can grow from death and decay in the same way. Both seem to ask if beauty and renewal will emerge- or attempts to emerge-from something corrupted. A third source that also explores corruption and rebirth is Shakespeare's Hamlet. Here, the moral corruption of the court denies Ophelia the platform to speak her truth because she is only a "pretty face", and consequently Ophelia takes her own life because she cannot stand the futile role to which she has been subjected amongst such moral decay and evil. In this source, life is not able to resurrect or withstand the corruption, symbolized by Ophelia's death, but in the Waste Land, the question is left more open-ended: can society be reborn after such destitution, or will corruption and death ultimately consume the remaining life, just like Ophelia.

In the "Old 3" grouping of annotations, I found a particularly intriguing entry by sellliott, who highlighted this line. He says that not only is it a nod towards the element of transformation that Ariel performs on the Venetian King, but also an indication of "the corrupt and misguided morals of the urban world," because the King represents a historical type of greed and extreme power over a land. I agree with this interpretation and want to say that even beyond being a symbol of the ways that greed transforms a person, this passage relates to De Nerval's writing. In his dream journals, he comes to the realization that, "[everything] is alive, everything is in motion, everything corresponds;" (De Nerval, 10). Even though we know the King is not dead, Ariel presents in her song this exact notion. She transforms the king's decomposing body into a living coral reef; it grows from his corpse as the flowers grow from the corpse mentioned by Eliot later in the poem. She sings, "Of his bones are coral made; / Those are pearls that were his eyes: / Nothing of him that doth fade /But doth suffer a sea-change / Into something rich and strange" (Tempest, 12). In stating that "nothing of him that doth fade", Ariel reflects De Nerval's notion of continual existence beyond the physical body. Furthermore, his body suffers "sea change", not destruction, rather becoming a part of the web of existence that Nerval alludes to by saying "everything corresponds,". Finally, Eliot sets up an interesting play upon these stories with this line, almost in anticipation of the next stanza. While Ariel sings of the King's watery grave, in actuality his ship sits safely in a nearby harbor, where he and his crew are charmed asleep. However the fact that he's believed to be dead by his subjects and son, while still alive (albeit hindered, much like the Grail/fisher King) puts the king in a suspended state between life and death. This interplay between life and death is a really prevalent theme in the "Unreal City" stanza, where almost everything except for the stream of mourners seems to still and lay dormant/hidden in the fog. It also adds to the trail of depression/the chokehold that grief has on people as a result of WW1 that Eliot continues laying throughout this poem.

• Also the king is in a state of life/death (not acually dead, but he's held between the two in a forever slumber). . .

I find this specific line quite interesting in that it is not actually a direct quotation from Dante's Inferno. Dante states "I could not believe death had undone so many" while witnessing the masses who have been rejected from both heaven and hell and are thus stuck in a limbo of sorts. This clearly mirrors how Elliot portrays British society at the time, a mass of hollow people, who are unfulfilled, and are essentially the living dead. The interesting distinction in the way Elliot utilizes this comparison is that the narrator says "I had not thought" rather then "I could not believe". I think that this thus positions the narrator in a state of realization at the scale of the "living dead" as opposed to Dantes pure shock and disbelief. Furthermore, I find the fact that the word undone is used as opposed to death quite important, as these people are still technically alive, yet are internally empty, their humanity and spirituality having been undone through industrialization, war and a loss of faith.

Eliot’s description of the crowd in “The Waste Land” connects both to Baudelaire’s “The Seven Old Men” and to Dante’s Inferno, presenting the modern city as a place of anonymity, repetition, and spiritual death. The image of the “brown fog of a winter dawn” immediately creates a dark and unhealthy atmosphere: the adjective “brown” makes London seem dirty and polluted, while “fog” obscures the city and suggests confusion. Eliot then writes that “a crowd flowed over London Bridge,” using the verb “flowed” to make the people seem less like individual human beings and more like a single, continuous mass. This loss of individuality connects to Baudelaire’s repeated old men: the seven identical figures suggest that poverty and suffering are not isolated but endlessly repeated throughout the modern city. Eliot’s phrase “so many” emphasizes the enormous number of people, showing that all people are the same – sad, depressed, suffering, they are all like images of each other, symbolizing the spiritual emptiness of London. “Death had undone so many” transforms the living crowd into something resembling the dead souls in Dante’s “Inferno”. This kind of contrast with de Nerval’s idea that “everything is alive, everything is in motion, everything corresponds”, where there is hope for the better future, that the humanity can be saved and that it is possible to restore universal harmony, which we don’t see in Eliot’s “the Waste Land” yet, however, towards the end the repeated “shantih” shows that the world can be saved. Right now it is important for Eliot to describe the atmosphere, set the scene, so everything that he writes is quite hopeless and depressing. The verb “undone” is especially important because it suggests that modern urban life has spiritually destroyed or emptied these people even though they are physically alive. Finally, the “dead sound” of the clock at nine reinforces this atmosphere of lifelessness. Don’t really understand why “nine” specifically, but I guess it is just supposed to symbolize the cyclical nature of life Eliot combines Baudelaire’s vision of the alienating modern city with Dante’s image of an anonymous crowd of the dead, suggesting that modern London is a place where people are alive physically but spiritually disconnected and almost indistinguishable from the dead.

In Inferno III, Dante encounters an enormous mass of souls: “Behind it came so long a file of people / that I could not believe / death had undone so many.” So many of the souls are stripped of individuality and merged into a single moving crowd. Dante realizes these are people who lived “without disgrace yet without praise.” Eliot references this image when he writes, “A crowd flowed over London Bridge, so many, / I had not thought death had undone so many.” He uses the verb “flowed,” which suggests the crowd moves like a river. There’s a sense of passivity and loss of agency. There’s no passion or purpose in these people to move faster. Individuals also disappear into a collective current. Eliot references Dante’s damned souls when describing modern London commuters, implying that the city itself resembles an infernal landscape. The speaker says, “Sighs, short and infrequent, were exhaled, / And each man fixed his eyes before his feet.” The restrained “sighs” echo the sounds of suffering in Dante’s Hell, where “sighs, loud wailing, lamentation” fill the air. However, the people in The Waste Land barely sigh. Their spiritual exhaustion has become normalized and unconscious. The image of each man staring at his feet reinforces this condition. Their downward gaze suggests isolation, alienation, and a lack of higher purpose. Eliot suggests that the true horror of The Waste Land is not physical death but a form of living death: a society whose inhabitants continue their daily routines while remaining spiritually disconnected and directionless.

Magnocellular (M) Pathway: Specialized for fast movement, depth perception, and large-scale contrast. It uses large cells with fast signal transmission, but it is colorblind and has low spatial resolution.

Parvocellular (P) Pathway: Specialized for high-resolution detail, color vision (such as red/green), and pattern recognition. It transmits signals more slowly using smaller cells and works best with stationary or slow-moving objects.

This article is now published in Clinical Neuroradiology: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00062-025-01578-5

i have no argument for chapters being in different orders, that in its self is opinion.i belive that its good how it is currently, also in my opinion i say the first, the mindset for learning, it creates a starting opinion of embracing your opinion and intrinsic motivation, also it creates that stage and it still represents itself throughout the chapters as you read

To me, being an independent learner means evaluating information carefully, making my own decisions, and knowing when I need to revise my thinking.

Reading gives me information, research provides evidence, and writing helps me organize my thinking. Each process can also lead me back to revise the others.

“Recursive” means that learning and writing do not follow a perfectly straight line. We often return to earlier steps to rethink, revise, and improve our work.

only learned what this was recently

always enjoy multiple perspectives on a subject, leads to more research and in turn more information

This gives me a clear formula for beginning a summary: introduce the author, title, and central idea in the first sentence.

Summarizing one section at a time may be easier than trying to summarize the entire article at once.

Skimming first can help me understand the structure before I read the details. Dividing a long text into sections also makes it less overwhelming.

These three parts have different purposes: summary explains the source, assessment evaluates it, and reflection connects it to my research.

Using my own words shows that I truly understand the source instead of simply copying the author’s language.

recently learning about having sticky notes for reasearch

This gives me a clear way to create an outline. Each category can become the main topic of one body paragraphs.

I can organize my essay by topics instead of discussing one source at a time. This can make the body paragraphs more connected.

This step helps me understand each source more deeply instead of reducing the whole article to only one general idea.

This means that research writing is not just summarizing each source separately. I need to find relationships among different authors’ ideas.

even as a colorado student i enjoy that i can read and learn from sfsu peers on this curriculum

the fact this is a option that im just now learning is such a eye opener

I personally say yes, if you do more research to back up the opinion your looking for, its not a one size fits all platform

i would personally express that the consequeces could be herding people into a false sense of security, throough false information. instead of knowing the correct facts you might hand the next person whos genuinly curious down the wrong road, creating a cycle that hurts a lot of people long term, essentually herding sheeps to slaughter or in sams winburgs words "slaves to the machine" in this case the machine being misinformation

biggest part i always remeber to look into.

so more built on casual research that isnt peer reviewed, makes sense

Peer review makes a source more credible because other experts examine its evidence, methods, and arguments before publication.

Even a knowledgeable author may have a bias, so readers should consider the author’s purpose and point of view.

This reminds me that the first Google result is not always the most reliable. Search results can be influenced by algorithms and advertisements.

Popular sources may provide useful information, but I need to evaluate them carefully because they are usually not peer-reviewed.

i enjoy how many people are spotlighted and from different spots such as life science and english

i will always enjoy the concept of "its your own stance" gives the oppertunity for bias and opens that area up

why do people manipulate passion and in what way can it be influenced?

initally i never paid mind to it but after hearing bout real world by tate i did reseach and found out about the criminal sht, also worked in cut co and their whole pyramid model, but i was blind untill i heard clients say "i would but i got no money" i asked my boss he said "sucks to suck" or "i can give a discount" never cared for the person or the model of i have to ask family for refferals, even tho i know they have no money and are struggling, its fucked. thats my stance, also i can say i hate the concept of passion being used for someones gain, unless it helps, like i enjoy interships because you actually see and help within your field or a field to want to learn more of hands on. overall my opinion is a very passion feuled one that used to be taken advantage off and i hope others can find better ways of education or passions as a whole.

i say using peoples passion or money agaist communities, also some colleges do this process by upcharging. twisting the view that "you should go to this school" even tho that school is a online course on how to use a ai to setup a shop, people shell out 100+ dollars just to get screwed long term. so overall i say the twist of passion to be used agaist people such as "free world" by the tate brothers, its become a plaugue of present day education

on one hand my school carrear is good, they reletivly had no problems, but i can turn to sharks of "mc dojos" that plague genuine martial arts locations

through personal time spent with toxic people, made me want to learn what actual connection was which became its own motivation inward to find out what makes a good partner and what i should look for, making a both sides of the coin, knowing whats good and bad.

because relationships in the past were not built on a tinder or facbook dating, also the fact most people are 24/7 on social media their standards are insanly high for 0 reason besides, this popular person said "you need to be built like this" or "you make this much" its created a delusion filled dating scene for everyone

eh besides bullying, it was the bigger issue of present day relationships being very cheating or lying instead of how it was in the past, also i say the other end of people mooching, from people pleasing and screwing em over

about the people and community on the outside but also the inner work itself is also apart of intrinsic motivation

suprisingly wished this process was more in these generations, instead of curiousity put down.

When writing, I need to consider why my topic is important to my audience, not only why itis important to me.

A working thesis is my initial opinion before research. It can change as I learn new information and consider different perspectives.

A research question is not final at the beginning. We can revise it as we learn new information and discover different perspectives.

When I study a topic that interests me personally, I feel more motivated to read, research, and write about it.

Problem-posing gives students an active role because they ask questions about issues that affect their own lives.

I agree that education should develop students’ curiosity instead of focusing only on memorization and correct answers.

Good! Absolute bum behavior from you Mary, I must say.

Haha 67

Mary needs to get a grip immediately! Not only does she complain about the natives and how selfish and barbarous they are, but she steals food off of starving children! Food that she was bumming to begin with because she has none! What an upstanding lady.

Yum! On a real note though, imagine walking into a stranger's kitchen and asking for some of the food that they made for their family. I'm sure some natives were more open to sharing than people in our culture, but like yeah obviously you couldn't get a taste Mary, get a grip lady.

God, she loves to mention her family that she doesn't give a fuck about when it makes her seem easier to sympathize with. Why does she have so many family members held in captivity by the natives? What did her family do?

I wonder if this was done by the natives as a looting, as humiliation, or for some other reason I'm not thinking of?

expression is missing a sigma!

I like this, I feel like it ties in with LRE

seeing that new way of of asking questions, different then the standard that makes up old school traditional process of asking a teacher.

being able to create personal enjoyment related to social issues and author makes it easier to remember and infer a wider opinion

An open-ended question cannot be answered with only “yes,” “no,” or one correct answer. We need to consider different viewpoints and opinions.

I think evaluating sources is important because not all information online is credible and reliable. I should check the author, evidence, date, and publisher.

The meaningful research question can begin with my own interests and life experiences. It should also connect to a larger social issue.

The author mentioned "cognitive substitution" - that is, students bypassing deep thinking. They studied 15-year-old high school students. But what about younger students? If children start using artificial intelligence at the age of 8 or 10, could they possibly develop the habit of deep thinking? The author did not address the answer to this question and it requires long-term research to determine whether early reliance on artificial intelligence will hinder cognitive development.

This study used Python for text programming. However, Python is renowned for its concise syntax and readability, and is often recommended as the first programming language. Do these findings also apply to Java or C? The author believes that artificial intelligence can alleviate cognitive burden, but if the programming language itself is more difficult, artificial intelligence may not be capable.

The student's quote reveals a real problem in the field of education: teachers are unable to provide individualized attention to each student. Could artificial intelligence also serve as a solution for other subjects? This raises a question: Should artificial intelligence replace the attention of teachers, or should it allow teachers to free up time for more in-depth interpersonal interactions?

Guo et al. found a relatively large effect size, but their sample consisted only of 83 students from one high school. The study by Fan et al. (2025) involved 234 students from a university, with a similarly limited sample size. Both of these studies share similar limitations in terms of generalizability. This indicates a pattern in the research on AI-assisted programming: small, single-site studies have dominated the field.

I'm still not quite clear about what the Bebras CT challenge is. What types of questions does it contain? Are they multiple-choice questions, programming questions, or something else? The author should provide a clearer explanation for readers who are not familiar with CT assessment tools on this point.

This research was conducted in China, but the Chinese education system differs significantly from those in other countries. Can these findings be generalized to other cultural contexts?

Yilmaz and Karaoglan Yilmaz (2023a) conducted a study that yielded some positive results, but their research only lasted for 5 weeks. Was this sufficient time to observe significant changes in computational thinking? The study by Guo et al. lasted for 12 weeks and seems to be more convincing.

This assumes that students will actually utilize the released cognitive resources for higher-level thinking. But what if they simply use artificial intelligence to completely avoid thinking?

The author claims that the complexity of the grammar is the fundamental cause of frustration. Has the author procided any data on how many students are truly struggling woth grammer and other issues?

This sample size(83) is small. Can these findings be generalizede to situations outside this specific context?

1) Why is starting with a research question a good approach? It gives the researcher a clear understanding of what they are trying to find our and "record"

Thesis should include the researcher's answer to the question. Tells the audience what your project will be about

3) How are regular questions different than research questions?

Background reading can be extremely beneficial when learning about a narrow topic. It creates a base layer of information before diving into sources.

Key words can help narrow down a topic and find something interesting to you as a person. This seems like a good strategy even when a word is not assigned.

2) How narrow/broad should my research questions be? My research questions should narrowly be based on what I want to find out.

What makes them so essential?

"It is worth remembering that a frustrating path might be more fruitful than an easier AI-assisted path"

This quote stood out to me clearly because it is an issue that has been on my mind for a while. The issue of taking the easy what out is always something that humans have struggled with. Always looking for shortcuts and replacements. Whether it be to increase efficiency or take the weight of someone's shoulders, it is not necessarily a bad thing. However, with AI those shortcuts are becoming more accessible than ever it is also more important than ever to ask why are we doing this? What am I sacrificing by taking this shortcut?

If this sentence is the author's core thesis, the reader is not prepared by the preceding introductory sentences -- nor in the subsequent body of the abstract to fully grasp what the author means, nor why it is a basis for moral life (or moral evaluation at the individual, pool, marketplace, or nation-level?)

I am infering the author's intent is to suggest that the "transactional footprints of individual (local) commitment pool activity" can be aggregated into region/nation-level commitment pools platforms that support more "collectively moral" (meta-efficient?) practices and architecture for supporting aggregate improvements in co-regulation of coordination, responsiveness, and ethics."

I then anticipated further elaboration by the author on what is is meant by the capabilities arising from these nationally connected pools.

Not sure I missed something obvious to others? If other readers (or author?) of this abstract, can illuminate my understanding / inferences more accurately, the guidance is appreciated..

really?

This text provoked my thoughts, and I felt it related to what we read because it shows how business decisions and ethics can affect a company. In this case, Kraft wanted to show cost savings, but the company used incorrect accounting information to make the savings look better than they really were. This reminded me of what we read about following rules, being honest, and making responsible business decisions. Also, I found this thought-provoking because a company may want to save money and look successful, but if it does this by breaking rules or giving false information, it can hurt investors and the company itself. Being successful in business is not only about making money; companies also need to be honest and follow the law.

So maybe she's not being completely dramatic and these natives are really messing with her for their own amusement/gain, I don't know that I agree with the dehumanization of them though. Thomas Read could also be lying to lift her mood, who knows?

I wonder why she feels so guilty? Maybe it's just a Christian thing.

She's definitely at a low point, she usually won't shut up about the bible and God's grace.

She seems extremely depressed, she seems ready to give up completely at any hardship.

She is always relying on someone else to help her, she takes almost no initiative to get herself back to where she wants to be although she has proven herself able to survive on her own.

She's constantly flipping the script on these folks. One minute they're friends of hers and the next they're barbarous creatures.

I wonder if they're just saying that to get to her or if they actually ate her son. I believe there were cannibalistic tribes of natives recorded around the area that this account would have taken place.

Another example of her being treated as an equal. If her labor were truly being exploited like a slave, she would not have gotten anything in return.

She's a little harsh on the natives. I mean, obviously she's being held captive, but they are making an effort to bring her back home it seems and they aren't just going to go out of their way to stop somewhere that grants them nothing.

Charles Anderson discovers dragonflies that cross oceans<br /> TED on YouTube

Lawrence Lessig: Fixing the Republic

Recommended by TB

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Corporation_(2003_film)<br /> The Corporation (Zeitgeist Films, 2003)

Why does she never accept the kindness of strangers at face value?

She feels most comfortable when she is subjugated to a man?

Why? What is going on?

If they're bringing her home and treating her as an equal, why does she keep complaining?

Maybe because the community just lost a child she is angry that Mary would complain about carrying a heavy load? Or, maybe they are just being cruel to her because she is their prisoner, although given the somewhat equal way they seem to treat her, this might not be true.

It's interesting that she is requesting to be sold back to her husband rather than released as a free woman, does she not see a place for herself in a society without subjugation to a man?

1b O. Kraus, Die Werttheorien, Brunn 1937  Lotz, J. B., «Sein und Wert, Das Grundproblem der Wertphilosophie», Zeitschrift für katholische Theologie 57 (1933), págs. 557-613  Lotz, J. B., «Ser y valor: una interpretación metafísica del axioma “ens est bonum convertuntur” en el ámbito de la doctrina escolástica de los trascendentales», I: «Lo existente y el ser», Paderborn 1938, «Forschungen zur neueren Philosophie und ihrer Geschichte» IX, tesis doctoral Friburgo 1937  E. Meyer, «Ser y deber ser en la filosofía del valor: observaciones preliminares  para una crítica de la concepción fenomenológica del valor»,  Kantstudien 34 (1929)  A. Müller, «Ética del ser y ética de los valores», Archiv für Philosophie 4 (1952)  A. Müller, «La ontología de los valores», Anuario Filosófico de la Sociedad Görres 54 (1941), pp. 186-213 

3b1 1 Esta formulación lógica también puede expresarse en términos sociológicos o psicológicos: a nadie le gusta considerarse completamente igual a los demás. Más bien existe una necesidad bastante fuerte de destacar y diferenciarse de los demás, y nadie estaría satisfecho con un orden social de estandarización absoluta, sin espacio para las particularidades personales, las oportunidades, etc. Sin embargo, los ámbitos en los que se busca la igualdad y, por otro lado, la desigualdad, varían. Véanse al respecto también las reflexiones de Mannheim (DP, pág. 83 y ss.) sobre la igualdad deseable y la indeseable.

via Tomi Aho at https://www.facebook.com/groups/705152958470148/posts/1375748211410616/

2,2b1 1 Y aún más: como idea, cada Estado tiene su lugar específico, que lo caracteriza de manera esencial. Como idea, el Estado es «unidad de orden y ubicación» (C. Schmitt, Der Nomos der Erde, p. 13 y ss.). Esta fórmula, que Schmitt acuñó para el derecho en general, se aplica con especial intensidad para el Estado moderno. Véase también Schmitt, pág. 98 y ss.

El Estado moderno ocupa un espacio determinado e impermeable, es decir:

1.) La peculiaridad de este espacio determina el carácter
del Estado concreto (tomado en sí mismo).

2.) Se trata de un subespacio; de ello se deriva una
posición determinada respecto a otros Estados, que que también contribuye a dar forma al Estado.

Traducido con DeepL (https://dee.pl/apps)

Ver benveniste 1983 @Schmitt, C

Secretaries Get to Throw Their Typewriters<br /> The Best of the Iowa Traveler<br /> by Iowa's News Now

Found via https://www.facebook.com/groups/TypewriterCollectors/posts/10164157502764678/

Getting Gabriel García Márquez's Smith-Corona 5TE Ready For Exhibit<br /> by [[Richard Messenger]] on oz.Typewriter<br /> accessed on 2026-09-19T12:30:13

Includes multiple photos. The Smith-Corona 5TE isn't listed on Richard Polt's site as of 2026-09-19.

<br /> —via https://www.latercera.com/culto/2021/04/28/40-anos-de-cronica-de-una-muerte-anunciada-la-novela-que-garcia-marquez-consideraba-su-mejor-libro/<br /> Photo of Gabriel García Márquez in front of a standard typewriter with the brand name Underwood on the back.

Not included in Richard Polt's collection of typers as of 2026-09-19

This article has a variation of the same photo credited as "El escritor colombiano y premio Nobel Gabriel García Márquez / Foto: archivo Biblioteca Nacional de Colombia"

Profile photo of Gabriel García Márquez at a 1970's version of a cartridge-based Smith-Corona electric typewriter. <br /> Potential variations of this typewriter are already in Richard Polt's collection of typers, but this particular photo is not as of 2026-09-19.

1.1 La unidad se puede organizar opuesta: unidad mística, consciente y metódica (!) No hacerlo. Por ejemplo, en las sectas cuáqueras, toda unificación de la voluntad se produce mediante la oración silenciosa hasta que un miembro se ilumina y expresa la voluntad de Dios para la comunidad. Véase Scheler, The Forms of Knowledge and Society, págs. 63 y siguientes. La organización deja deliberadamente espacio abierto para la inclusión de cosas no organizables.  ¡frontera! cf. AIII 24h

Test, test.

拥抱

同素异形体

Note!

what are the three meanings?

This is a very helpful skill. Reading aloud will help catch any flow issues or things you might not notice with just your eyes. I prefer my essays to sound like how I would normally speak. This usually helps me find where commas need to go or other grammar issues like that.

I am glad this was clarified. Revision is good for making sure your essay is organized and all the concepts you want are there. Editing is good for making the small details make sense in the essay. More of if your words make sense or not and how your style is throughout the essay.

Organization is very important in essays. It is easy to get ahead of yourself when writing, especially when it is about something so personal. I improve my organization by making my key topics I want to cover, then writing my intro and conclusion, making sure to mention all of them before diving into the actual essay.

I really like this advice. I have a hard time re-reading my work. I like the strategy of revising in stages. I agree that it will make you more likely to catch any mistakes. Adding peer review in your stages is also very helpful because of how hard it is to catch your own mistakes.

It gives me the correct result on the console, but I get an error message right after.

E: I looked up the name "Kreon" in my background knowledge (Source: Greek mythology). Kreon is the new King of Thebes and he is also the uncle of Antigone. He makes a strict law: one brother (Eteokles) gets a proper burial, but the other brother (Polyneikes) must be left to rot in the wilderness. This is important because in ancient Greece, not burying a body was a huge desecration to the gods and the family. This explains why Antigone is so angry and feels she must break the law.

Q: Why is Kreon so angry when the Chorus suggests that the gods might be helped to bury the Polyneikes? He calls them "stupid" and "demented." If he was really not believe in the gods, or is he just too proud to do the right thing like Antigone? I don't understand why he refuses to listen to the old men. I want to ask the class if Kreon's anger is because he is afraid of losing his power.

O: I notice a strong contrast here. The guards are a team, they need to help each other and think about the difficult things, but as soon as they find out someone buried the body, they turn on each other. They start fighting and accusing each other. It has a significantly contrast with Antigone. Antigone stands alone for what she thinks right, but the guards are terrified and quick to blame others. This shows that fear makes people selfish and divides them

See chapter 6

Number 1

1. Why do good people sometimes behave badly online? 2.Why does moral outrage spread so quickly on social media? 3.What can be done to reduce online bullying and abuse? 4.How does anonymity affect people's behavior online? 5.How do social media algorithms influence people's behavior?

My predictions for this article: -Why people behave differently online vs in person. (keyboard warriors) -How social media can encourage anger, bullying, and bad behavior. -Why people help in some situations but become aggressive in others. -Possible ways to make online communities/places more positive.

no it means that 95% of the time the populations alpha value will be in the interval

Can 'preselect' use in Script Filter?

MOntre que l'universalisme est eschatologique chez matthieu

sifat

این شکل نوشتار اشتباهه

بعد این قسمت باید یه توضیحی بیاد با این میان تیتر که رایس کیک را با چی بخوریم

اینا خواص نیستن. اینا همون مزایای رایس کیک هستند.

باید عدد بدین نه فقط اشاره بشه که شاخص گلیسمی بالایی دارد. منبع خوبشه اینه: https://lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/food-beverages/glycemic-index-glycemic-load

بارها تو قسمت های مختلف مقاله رایس کیک کم‌کالری است پروتئین و فیبر کمی دارد بهتر است با پروتئین/چربی سالم مصرف شود. اومده.

این را در بخش‌های:

ارزش غذایی خواص کاهش وزن میان‌وعده بدنسازی مزایا و معایب سالم بودن زمان مصرف نتیجه‌گیری

DOI: 10.7554/eLife.43302

Resource: RRID:Addgene_1000000055

Curator: @sonofthor

SciCrunch record: RRID:Addgene_1000000055

What is this?

DOI: 10.64898/2026.06.01.729432

Resource: RRID:BDSC_1212

Curator: @bdscstockkeepers

SciCrunch record: RRID:BDSC_1212

What is this?

DOI: 10.64898/2026.06.01.729432

Resource: RRID:BDSC_80361

Curator: @bdscstockkeepers

SciCrunch record: RRID:BDSC_80361

What is this?

DOI: 10.64898/2026.05.31.728998

Resource: RRID:BDSC_26730

Curator: @maulamb

SciCrunch record: RRID:BDSC_26730

What is this?

DOI: 10.64898/2026.05.31.728998

Resource: RRID:BDSC_50904

Curator: @maulamb

SciCrunch record: RRID:BDSC_50904

What is this?