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The UN defineshuman development on the basis of three key indicators: GDP per capita,life expectancy, and educational attainment.

An “efficient” economy is one which maximizes, throughexchange, the usefulness of that initial endowment

Real wages stagnated in most countries, in the face ofhigher unemployment, attacks on unions, and reductions in income securityand other measures that supported workers’ bargaining power. Yet productivitycontinued to grow, thanks both to employers’ renewed power in the workplace andto continued technological progress. Figure 8.1 illustrates the sharp divergence ofreal wages from labour productivity in the US economy that coincides perfectlywith the arrival of neoliberalism.

There is still much debate and controversy within economics today – althoughnot nearly as much as there should be. Economics instruction in most English-speaking countries conforms especially narrowly to neoclassical doctrine; thereis more diversity in economics in continental Europe, Latin America, and a fewother countries.

Creative companies can devise all sorts of different ways of earning profits.Some are useful: developing higher-quality new products, and developing better,more efficient ways of producing them. But competitive markets can also rewardcompanies for doing things that are utterly useless, from the perspective of humanwelfare (see Table 7.3). And if lax laws and regulations allow them to, profit-seekingcompanies will do things that are downright destructive to workers, communities,customers, and innocent bystanders.

Scarcity is a normal condition. Humans are “endowed” witharbitrary amounts of useful resources.

Now you can return home. Congratulations! You’ve done a lot more than just takea stroll. You’ve conducted a composite economic profile of your own community

Has your income increased faster than the prices of the things you buy?

List yourapproximate monthly income.

Economics and politics have always gone hand-in-hand. Indeed, the firsteconomists called their discipline “political economy.” The connections betweeneconomics and politics reflect, in part, the importance of economic conditions topolitical conditions. The well-being of the economy can influence the rise and fallof politicians and governments, even entire social systems.But here, too, the influence goes both ways. Politics also affects the economy– and economics itself. The economy is a realm of competing, often conflictinginterests. Determining whose interests prevail, and how conflicts are managed,is a deeply political process. (Neoclassical economists claim that anonymous“market forces” determine all these outcomes, but don’t be fooled: what theycall the “market” is itself a social institution in which some people’s interests areenhanced at the expense of others’.) Different economic actors use their politicalinfluence and power to advance their respective economic interests. The extent towhich groups of people tolerate economic outcomes (even unfavourable ones) alsodepends on political factors: such as whether or not they believe those outcomesare “natural” or “inevitable,” and whether or not they feel they have any power tobring about change.Finally, the social science which aims to interpret and explain all this scrabbling,teeming behaviour – economics – has its own political assumptions and biases.In Chapter 4 we’ll review how most economic theories over the years have beenmotivated by political considerations. Modern economics (including this book!) isno different: economics is always a deeply political subject.

he economy must be a very complicated, volatile thing. At least that’s how it seemsin the business pages of the newspaper. Mind-boggling stock market tables. Chartsand graphs. GDP statistics. Foreign exchange rates. It’s little wonder the media turnto economists, the high priests of this mysterious world, to tell us what it means,and why it’s important.

Economics encompasses several sub-disciplines. Economic history; moneyand finance; household economics; labour studies and labour relations; businesseconomics and management; international economics; environmental economics;and others. A broad (and rather artificial) division is often made betweenmicroeconomics (the study of the economic behaviour of individual consumers,workers, and companies) and macroeconomics (the study of how the economyfunctions at the aggregate level)

Economics is the study of human economic behaviour: the production anddistribution of the goods and services we need and want. Hence, economicsis a social science, not a physical science.

At home, most users once had a single computer with a slow modem connection to the office, the Internet, or both. Today, network-connection speeds once available only at great cost are relatively inexpensive in many places, giving home users more access to more data. These fast data connections are allowing home computers to serve up web pages and to run networks that include printers, client PCs, and servers. Many homes use firewalls to protect their networks from security breaches. Firewalls limit the communications between devices on a network.

Today, web technologies and increasing WAN bandwidth are stretching the boundaries of traditional computing. Companies establish portals, which provide web accessibility to their internal servers. Network computers (or thin clients)—which are essentially terminals that understand web-based computing—are used in place of traditional workstations where more security or easier maintenance is desired. Mobile computers can synchronize with PCs to allow very portable use of company information. Mobile devices can also connect to wireless networks and cellular data networks to use the company's web portal (as well as the myriad other web resources).

As computing has matured, the lines separating many of the traditional computing environments have blurred. Consider the “typical office environment.” Just a few years ago, this environment consisted of PCs connected to a network, with servers providing file and print services. Remote access was awkward, and portability was achieved by use of laptop computers.

The power of bitmaps becomes apparent when we consider their space efficiency. If we were to use an eight-bit Boolean value instead of a single bit, the resulting data structure would be eight times larger. Thus, bitmaps are commonly used when there is a need to represent the availability of a large number of resources. Disk drives provide a nice illustration. A medium-sized disk drive might be divided into several thousand individual units, called disk blocks. A bitmap can be used to indicate the availability of each disk block.

A bitmap is a string of n binary digits that can be used to represent the status of n items. For example, suppose we have several resources, and the availability of each resource is indicated by the value of a binary digit: 0 means that the resource is available, while 1 indicates that it is unavailable (or vice versa). The value of the ith position in the bitmap is associated with the ith resource.

One use of a hash function is to implement a hash map, which associates (or maps) [key:value] pairs using a hash function. Once the mapping is established, we can apply the hash function to the key to obtain the value from the hash map (Figure 1.21). For example, suppose that a user name is mapped to a password. Password authentication then proceeds as follows: a user enters her user name and password. The hash function is applied to the user name, which is then used to retrieve the password. The retrieved password is then compared with the password entered by the user for authentication.

One potential difficulty with hash functions is that two unique inputs can result in the same output value—that is, they can link to the same table location. We can accommodate this hash collision by having a linked list at the table location that contains all of the items with the same hash value. Of course, the more collisions there are, the less efficient the hash function is.

A hash function takes data as its input, performs a numeric operation on the data, and returns a numeric value. This numeric value can then be used as an index into a table (typically an array) to quickly retrieve the data. Whereas searching for a data item through a list of size n can require up to O(n) comparisons, using a hash function for retrieving data from a table can be as good as O(1), depending on implementation details. Because of this performance, hash functions are used extensively in operating systems.

A tree is a data structure that can be used to represent data hierarchically. Data values in a tree structure are linked through parent–child relationships. In a general tree, a parent may have an unlimited number of children. In a binary tree, a parent may have at most two children, which we term the left child and the right child. A binary search tree additionally requires an ordering between the parent's two children in which left_child <= right_child. Figure 1.20 provides an example of a binary search tree. When we search for an item in a binary search tree, the worst-case performance is O(n) (consider how this can occur). To remedy this situation, we can use an algorithm to create a balanced binary search tree. Here, a tree containing n items has at most lg n levels, thus ensuring worst-case performance of O(lg n). We shall see in Section 5.7.1 that Linux uses a balanced binary search tree (known as a red-black tree) as part its CPU-scheduling algorithm.

A queue, in contrast, is a sequentially ordered data structure that uses the first in, first out (FIFO) principle: items are removed from a queue in the order in which they were inserted. There are many everyday examples of queues, including shoppers waiting in a checkout line at a store and cars waiting in line at a traffic signal. Queues are also quite common in operating systems—jobs that are sent to a printer are typically printed in the order in which they were submitted, for example. As we shall see in Chapter 5, tasks that are waiting to be run on an available CPU are often organized in queues.

A stack is a sequentially ordered data structure that uses the last in, first out (LIFO) principle for adding and removing items, meaning that the last item placed onto a stack is the first item removed. The operations for inserting and removing items from a stack are known as push and pop, respectively. An operating system often uses a stack when invoking function calls. Parameters, local variables, and the return address are pushed onto the stack when a function is called; returning from the function call pops those items off the stack.

Linked lists accommodate items of varying sizes and allow easy insertion and deletion of items. One potential disadvantage of using a list is that performance for retrieving a specified item in a list of size n is linear—O(n), as it requires potentially traversing all n elements in the worst case. Lists are sometimes used directly by kernel algorithms. Frequently, though, they are used for constructing more powerful data structures, such as stacks and queues.

After arrays, lists are perhaps the most fundamental data structures in computer science. Whereas each item in an array can be accessed directly, the items in a list must be accessed in a particular order. That is, a list represents a collection of data values as a sequence. The most common method for implementing this structure is a linked list, in which items are linked to one another

An array is a simple data structure in which each element can be accessed directly. For example, main memory is constructed as an array. If the data item being stored is larger than one byte, then multiple bytes can be allocated to the item, and the item is addressed as “item number × item size.” But what about storing an item whose size may vary? And what about removing an item if the relative positions of the remaining items must be preserved? In such situations, arrays give way to other data structures.

Some operating systems have taken the concept of networks and distributed systems further than the notion of providing network connectivity. A network operating system is an operating system that provides features such as file sharing across the network, along with a communication scheme that allows different processes on different computers to exchange messages. A computer running a network operating system acts autonomously from all other computers on the network

The media to carry networks are equally varied. They include copper wires, fiber strands, and wireless transmissions between satellites, microwave dishes, and radios. When computing devices are connected to cellular phones, they create a network. Even very short-range infrared communication can be used for networking. At a rudimentary level, whenever computers communicate, they use or create a network. These networks also vary in their performance and reliability.

Networks are characterized based on the distances between their nodes. A local-area network (LAN) connects computers within a room, a building, or a campus. A wide-area network (WAN) usually links buildings, cities, or countries. A global company may have a WAN to connect its offices worldwide, for example. These networks may run one protocol or several protocols

A network, in the simplest terms, is a communication path between two or more systems. Distributed systems depend on networking for their functionality. Networks vary by the protocols used, the distances between nodes, and the transport media. TCP/IP is the most common network protocol, and it provides the fundamental architecture of the Internet. Most operating systems support TCP/IP, including all general-purpose ones

A distributed system is a collection of physically separate, possibly heterogeneous computer systems that are networked to provide users with access to the various resources that the system maintains. Access to a shared resource increases computation speed, functionality, data availability, and reliability. Some operating systems generalize network access as a form of file access, with the details of networking contained in the network interface's device driver. Others make users specifically invoke network functions.

Within data centers, virtualization has become a common method of executing and managing computing environments. VMMs like VMware ESXand Citrix XenServer no longer run on host operating systems but rather are the host operating systems, providing services and resource management to virtual machine processes.

Virtualization allows operating systems to run as applications within other operating systems. At first blush, there seems to be little reason for such functionality. But the virtualization industry is vast and growing, which is a testament to its utility and importance.

Even though modern operating systems are fully capable of running multiple applications reliably, the use of virtualization continues to grow. On laptops and desktops, a VMM allows the user to install multiple operating systems for exploration or to run applications written for operating systems other than the native host

Skills mattered less and less in an industrialized, mass-producing economy, and their strength as individuals seemed ever smaller and less significant when companies grew in size and power and managers gained wealth and political influence. Long hours, dangerous working conditions, and the difficulty of supporting a family on meager and unpredictable wages compelled workers to organize armies of labor and battle against the power of capital.

“The Depression”. The Panic began with the failure of the largest bank in America, owned by railroad speculator Jay Cooke. The United States government’s decision to stop  coining silver dollars in 1873 and return to the gold standard in 1875 exacerbated the financial distress, and lower wages and deflation led to labor disputes like the Great Railroad Strike of 1877.

To say a notion is imprinted on the mind, and yet at the same time to say that themind is ignorant of it, and never yet took notice of it, is to make this impressionnothing. No proposition can be said to be in the mind which it never yet knew, whichit was never yet conscious of

There is nothing more commonly taken for granted, than that there are certainprinciples both speculative and practical (for they speak of both) universally agreedupon by all mankind: which, therefore they argue, must needs be the constantimpressions which the souls of men receive in their first beings, and which theybring into the world with them, as necessarily and really as they do any of theirinherent faculties

the soul receives in its very first being; and brings into theworld with it.

I am, I exist, is necessarily true whenever it is putforward by me or conceived in my mind.

. But if itwere inconsistent with his goodness to have created me such that I am deceived all thetime, it would seem equally foreign to his goodness to allow me to be deceived evenoccasionally; yet this last assertion cannot be made.

arithmetic, geometry

Access to recording equipment and space, editing stations with specialized multimedia software, andtechnicalsupport for students’ development of their academic media projects.

This study has found that T. hirsuta may be displaced by M. galloprovincialis in a future ocean, causing a shift in the biogenic habitat of the Australian shores. Such a shift in habitat may affect the infauna; future conditions may cause infauna to prefer specific mussel habitats (either T. hirsuta or M. galloprovincialis) and lead to an overall decline in infaunal molluscs.

Polychaetes generally had a positive response to climate change scenarios. Warming and elevated pCO2 interacted to increase the number of species of polychaetes in the elevated pCO2 treatment at ambient temperature (Fig. 4; ANOVA Temp × CO2, F1,32 = 11.03, P < 0.02, Supplementary Table 4). Under warming, there were fewer polychaete species recruiting to T. hirsuta compared with that observed at ambient temperature, but there was no effect of warming on the number of polychaete species that recruited to M. galloprovincialis (Supplementary Table 4). When T. hirsuta and M. galloprovincialis were present in the same mesocosms, there were significantly more polychaetes under ambient temperature than under warming (Fig. 4; ANOVA Temp × Presence, F1,32 = 4.66, P < 0.05; Species × Presence, F1,32 = 4.66, P < 0.05, Supplementary Table 4). There were no significant effects of any treatments on the number of species, the number of individuals of Crustacea and the number of species of Mollusca (Fig. 4; Supplementary Table 4). Molluscs were negatively affected by elevated pCO2 but unaffected by warming (Fig. 4).

This study has shown that the invasive M. galloprovincialis was more tolerant of elevated pCO2 compared with the native T. hirsuta. We have also shown that the two mussel species possess unique infaunal communities, which are also altered by climate change conditions.

Species do not exist in isolation but rather in communities where they interact. These interactions can be broadly grouped into interactions that reduce the overall abundance of species i.e. “negative interactions” (e.g. competition and predation) or interactions that increase their abundance i.e. “positive interactions” (Bertness et al., 1999).

Previews

Modern specialization is so extensive that only a minorityof people in a modern economy directly provide goodsand services for immediate consumption, such as food ormedical care. Instead, many of us work in industries thatsupply intermediate inputs, meaning materials, machines,information, or logistical support for businesses that offergoods and services for direct consumption. And evenamong those who work in businesses that provide imme-diate consumer satisfaction, many of us perform admin-istrative tasks to manage or support those workers whoactually serve customers

Increased wealth accompanies specialization. Our ances-tors were much less specialized than we are. As recentlyas the 18th century, many households still sewed theirown clothes, built their own homes, and grew much oftheir own food. As of 1700, nearly everyone in the worldlived in economic misery by today’s standards. Even in theUnited Kingdom, the most advanced economy at the time,the average income per person was only about $2,500 intoday’s dollars.4 Today, in the United States, a householdwould need twice that average income to even reach th

ions that can be create

plotted images will keep their smooth, continuous lines without becoming blocky or jagged.

Plotters are essentially robot line-drawing machines. Given a list of lines and curves, a plotter will physically move a pen around a piece of paper and draw each one.

“How to make generative art feel natural” by Ben Kovach and “Intellectualism Hurts Generative Art” by Tyler Hobbs.

Next step for a true creative stack

strong provenance

easy hand-offs

shared scene/motion formats,

Presidential dominance, in short, is the usualway to characterize US foreign policy making

I pretended he was not worthy of existence.

t was a miniskirt in beige tweed

Your only shame is to have shame."

long after I had gotten over my crush onRobert – that I was able to fully appreciate her lesson

A slimy rock cod with bulging eyes that pleaded not to be thrown into a pan of hot oil

She waspulling black veins out of the backs of fleshy prawns

or Christmas I prayed for this blond-haired boy, Robert, and a slim newAmerican nose.

A Briefe declaration of the chief Islands in the Bay of Mexico being under the king of Spain, with their havens and forts, and what commodities they yeide.

That this western discoverie will be greatly for the enlargement of the gospel of Christ whereunto the Princes of the reformed religion are chiefly bound amongst whom her Majestie is principally.

his illusion is a doubleand thus reversed after-image, sometimes called contrast reversal

Though sometimes it may appear hopeless to find equal light intensities in pa1111and painting, in color pa.pers, or in our surroundings, we have found chatnawre occ;isionally provides an opportunity to see them on cumulus cloudsagainst blue sky.When rhcse clouds, of1e11lined up in horizontal groups,:tppcar gleami11g white in their upper part in full sunlight,separated from and rising ag71insta distant deep blue,1hcn underneath they show gi·ey tones as shaded white.These shades merge, or even hinge, wid1 the samebut here very close blue. \'Jhy very close? This grey isof die same light imensity as the neighboring blue below.Thu~. the boundaries between grey and blue vanish,and we do not sec where clouds end and where sky begins.With such clouds, this is best observed with the sun at our backs

However, the additional ill .f ' us1onary colorso ten are hard lo defu:ie ::islo their hue.They often ap . . . 1. pca1 ,ts s iaclow un one sid . .and as J1ght reflected I . c of the boundaryon t ie Other side

Additional experiments with light colors on light groundsand dark colors on dark grounds prove that the light of a groundsubtracts in the same way that its hue does.

In the first exercise it was learned that the more differentthe grounds, the stronger is their changing influence.It has been seen that color differences are caused by 2 factors:by hue and by light, and in most ca~es by both at me

he fact that one and the same color can perform many different rolesis well known and is consciously applied.

As "gentlemen prefer blondes," so everyone has prefe1·ence for certain colorsand prejudices against others. This applies to color combinations as well.It seems good that we are of different tastes.As it is with people in our daily life, so it is with color.

we study gradation by producing so-called grey s[cps, grey scales,grey ladders. These demonsr.rate a gradual stepping up or down betweenwhite and black, between lighter and darker

Whites rarely appear white but usually look greenish.This makes color slides oE Mondrian paintings unbearable

Vir.hin the pairs there is no equal light intensitybecause the conclusive question to be expected Crom a class is:arc there eqL1al light values within these couples?The answer is No

However, it is still true that only a minority can distinguishthe lighter from the darke1· within close intervalswhen obscured by contrasting hues or by different color intensities.

magine in front of us 3 pots containing water, from le[t to right:WARM LUKEWARM COLO·when the hands are clipped first into the outer containersone feels -- experiences • -. • c1·rr '• •• peH.e, vcs •• ~ 1 erent temperatures:~ (at left)Then dipping both handsinto the middle container,one perceives again2 different tern pera tu res,this time, however,in reversed order(at left)~··~ (at right)(at rig-ht) COLDthough the water is neither of these temperatures, but of another, namelyLUKEWARM

Colors present themselves in conLinuou~ llux, constantly rclllted tochanging neighbors and changing cond1uons

We are able to hear a single tone. .n !most never (1.h<1tis without special d..:vices) see a smglc coloruUl WC a , 'unconnected and unrelated to other colors

In writing," knowledge of spelling has nothing to do with an understandingof poetry

wordsconsisting of a ital letters present the most ditficult reading

his notion has proved to be wrong, because in reading we do not readletters but words, words as a whole, as a "word picture."This was discovered in psychology, particularly in Gestalt psychology.Ophthalmology has disclosed that the more the letters are differentiatedfrom each Other, the easier is the reading

Second, the nomenclature of color is most inadequate.

visual memor'. is very poorin comparison wHh our auditory memory.

Even when a certain color is specified which all listeners have seeninnumerable times•· such as the red o[ the Coca-Cola signs which isthe same red ;tll over the country-· they will still think ofmany different reds

-5,~ein~-here im~Jlie! Sch~11e1~(as in Wcltansd1a1111ng)and is coupled111th fantasy, w11;h1magmat1on.

1 his is parnllel to fhc rccog·nition that no theory ofc:0111 ..l •· d. . ' • pos1t10n by itselfc,1 s to the producuon of music:, or of ,irt.

In dissenting from Monday’s decision, Justice Sonia Sotomayor wrote that the majority had gone astray by prioritizing the religious rights of a school official over those of his students, who could feel pressure to take part in religious activities.

Coraz częściej przewidujesię również dodatkowe przewody

– szczególnie, gdy planujesz korzystać z płytyindukcyjnej, piekarnika, pralki czy klimatyzacji.

Dobrze zaplanowane instalacje to inwestycja na lata– gwarantują bezpieczeństwo, obniżają kosztyeksploatacji i pozwalają cieszyć się pełnymkomfortem w każdym mieszkaniu

Nie wolno też zapominać o instalacjach chroniących– przede wszystkim odgromowej, która zabezpieczamieszkanie i całą elektronikę przed skutkami burzy.Profesjonalnie wykonany system przejmuje energięwyładowania i bezpiecznie odprowadza ją do ziemi

Dodatkoweelementy, jak tłumiki akustyczne czy rury z powłokąantybakteryjną, sprawiają, że całość pracuje cichoi higienicznie.

Równie istotne są instalacje wentylacyjne. Corazpopularniejsze systemy rekuperacji czy dystrybucji gorącegopowietrza pozwalają na szybkie dogrzanie pomieszczeń,odzysk ciepła i czyste powietrze w domu

sięw

chronią

ograniczają

Rury i materiały najwyższej jakości.

Dla osób wymagających więcej dostępne są także rozwiązaniapremium, takie jak Loxone. To system klasy high-end, któryoprócz rekuperacji integruje oświetlenie, ogrzewanie,multimedia, rolety, alarm i kamery w jednym ekosystemie.Takie rozwiązanie gwarantuje pełną automatyzację budynku,ale wymaga większego budżetu oraz instalacji przezcertyfikowanego specjalistę.

Innym rozwiązaniem jest biometria – otwieraniedrzwi odciskiem palca, gwarantujące wysoki poziombezpieczeństwa i eliminujące konieczność noszenia kluczy

Co ważne – całość działa lokalnie, bez chmury i Wi-Fi, więcnie musisz martwić się o awarie internetu. To rozwiązaniedla osób, które chcą bezpieczeństwa i wygody w jednym

C dla urządzeńindukcyjnych, takich jak pompy, napędy bram czy silniki

Corazczęściej stosuje się również moduły kontroli fazy i napięcia,które zabezpieczają delikatną elektronikę przed spadkamioraz skokami napięcia

Meyer got basic facts wrong. He concluded that EUSD removed the appearance of religion by renaming poses, giving the example that “the so-called lotus position was renamed criss-cross applesauce.” The term “criss-cross applesauce” does not appear even once in the spring 2013 yoga curriculum; the term “lotus” appears 194 times. The 2013 EUSD promotional video records a teacher instructing: “go into lotus.” Meyer believed testimony that jnanamudra was replaced by “brain highways,” a claim contradicted by defendant declarations and the video. Indeed, Meyer ignored multiple instances where defense witnesses contradicted themselves, each other, and documents they signed.

Yes. Some refused to participate in activities that felt like prayer to them. Many kids in EUSD classes still chant Om, assume jnanamudra, close their eyes to meditate while sitting in lotus, and use Sanskrit, such as Namaste (“I bow to the god within you”) and shavasana for “resting” pose.

EUSD teachers displayed posters of an eight-limbed Ashtanga tree and asana sequences taught by the “K. Pattabhi Jois Ashtanga Yoga Institute”; used a textbook, Myths of the Asanas, that explains how poses represent gods and inspire virtue; taught terminology in Sanskrit (a language sacred for Hindus); taught moral character using yamas and niyamas from the Yoga Sutras; used guided meditation and visualization scripts and taught kids to color mandalas (used in visual meditation on deities).

Meyer determined that “yoga,” including “Ashtanga” yoga, “is religious.” Nevertheless, he allowed EUSD’s yoga program to continue, since he did not think children would perceive the program as advancing or inhibiting religion. The judge found the Jois Foundation partnership “troublesome,” but did not rule that it excessively entangled government with religion.

The Jois Foundation was founded “in loving dedication” to K. P. Jois, with funding from billionaire Paul Tudor Jones whose wife Sonia is an Ashtanga devotee, to spread Ashtanga, especially to kids.

Ashtanga emphasizes postures and breathing on the premise that these practices will “automatically” lead practitioners to experience the other limbs and “become one with God,” in the words of Jois, “whether they want it or not.”

he Encinitas Union School District (EUSD) accepted a $533,720 grant from the Jois Foundation to establish (to quote the signed grant) an “Ashtanga Yoga” program staffed by Jois “trained” and “certified” instructors who “partner”ed in developing a “comprehensive” yoga curriculum for Jois to export to “other school systems.”

yoga was developed by Krishna Pattabhi Jois (1915-2009) from the Yoga Sutras, a sacred text for Hindus.

import pandas_profiling

A Formal Model – The Statistical Learning Framework

ignore the well‐intentioned “voices of reason” that will always argue for interpretingscholarly or artistic fair use in the most restrictive manner

Digital humanists defend the rights of content makers, whether authors, musicians, coders, designers, orartists, to exert control over their creations and to avoid unauthorized exploitation; but this controlmustn’t compromise the freedom to rework, critique, and use for purposes of research and education.Intellectual property must open up, not close down the intellect and proprius

We further reject the phrase to the degree that it suggests that thehumanities are being modified by the digital, as it were, “from the outside”with the digital leading and the Humanities following. On the contrary, ourvision is of a world of fusions and frictions, in which the development anddeployment of technologies, and the sorts of research questions, demands,and imaginative work that characterize the arts and Humanities merge.

Center for Comparative Literature and Media:

confessing the goodness of the great Governor of the universe (who alone knows to what degree of earthly happiness mankind mav attain, by perfecting the arts of government)

The security of attachment is an important cornerstone of social and personality development, because infants and young children who are securely attached have been found to develop stronger friendships with peers, more advanced emotional understanding and early conscience development, and more positive self-concepts, compared with insecurely attached children

Psychologists believe that the development of these attachments is as biologically natural as learning to walk and not simply a byproduct of the parents’ provision of food or warmth. Rather, attachments have evolved in humans because they promote children’s motivation to stay close to those who care for them and, as a consequence, to benefit from the learning, security, guidance, warmth, and affirmation that close relationships provide

Prometheus tried to trick Zeus into eating bones and fat instead of the best meat during a meal at Mt. Olympus

Epimetheus liberally spread around such gifts as fur and wings but by the time he got around to man, he had run out of gifts. Remove Ads Advertisement

he gave the valuable gift to man which would help him in life's struggle

Zeus punished man for receiving the fire by instructing Hephaistos to create the first woman, Pandora, from clay and through her all the negative aspects of life would befall the human race

The learning from one doesn’t always transfer, because the ideas are not anchored to a common goal.

“The heart of the matter, what the learner learns, whatever the teacher teaches, is that human beings make sense of the world by telling stories about it—by using the narrative mode for constructing reality” (

Baker and Greene (1977) describe storytelling not as a memorized performance but instead an interaction that exists between the teller and the listeners. They claim that storytelling at its best is a mutual creation.

Recent years have seen a shift to narrative studies in education and social science. This research relies less on how a narrative text is formed and more on how narrative texts are used (Cordi, 2019, p. 36).

Stories don’t just convey information; they “demonstrate relationships between tellers, hearers, characters, and others” (Shuman, 1986, p. 21). The audience members are active witnesses, participating in constructing the narrative and playing in its gaps (Richter, 1996).

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✅ Correct in spirit: Solving “make X work for the first time” usually looks like jumping from essentially no working method to a viable solution (say 0% → 70%).

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The issue has been resolved. Installing tf-keras and using keras from it instead of tf.keras fixed the problem. Thank you!

the gist notebook executed successfully however am still getting the error on this machine :

Could you try to modify the tf.keras to keras and execute the code. I have changed some steps like modifying tf_keras/keras.Sequential instead of tf.keras.Sequential and the code was executed without error/fail. Kindly find the gist of it here. Thank you!

The solution where I installed tf_keras worked for that section, but I’m encountering a similar error in the "Attach a classification head" section of the same notebook. However, the previous solution does not seem to work in this case.

Also I have changed some steps like modifying tf_keras/keras.Sequential instead of tf.keras.Sequential and the code was executed without error/fail. Kindly find the gist of it here.

Hi, By default the colab notebook is using tensorflow v2.17 which contains keras3.0 which was causing the error. Could you please try to import keras2.0 with the below commands.

added

ValueError: Only instances of `keras.Layer` can be added to a Sequential model. Received: <tensorflow_hub.keras_layer.KerasLayer object at 0x7d7e43bbeb10> (of type <class 'tensorflow_hub.keras_layer.KerasLayer'>)

import tensorflow as tf import tensorflow_hub as hub mobilenet_v2 = "https://tfhub.dev/google/tf2-preview/mobilenet_v2/classification/4" inception_v3 = "https://tfhub.dev/google/imagenet/inception_v3/classification/5" classifier_model = mobilenet_v2 # @param ["mobilenet_v2", "inception_v3"] {type:"raw"} IMAGE_SHAPE = (224, 224) classifier = tf.keras.Sequential([ hub.KerasLayer(classifier_model, input_shape=IMAGE_SHAPE + (3,)) ]) link to notebook: "https://colab.research.google.com/github/tensorflow/docs/blob/master/site/en/tutorials/images/transfer_learning_with_hub.ipynb"

When attempting to add hub.KerasLayer to a tf.keras.Sequential model, TensorFlow raises a ValueError, stating that only instances of keras.Layer can be added. However, hub.KerasLayer is a subclass of keras.Layer, so this behavior seems unexpected. I expected hub.KerasLayer to be accepted as a valid layer in the tf.keras.Sequential model, as per the TensorFlow documentation.

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X = real-time object detection on a single GPU.

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