35 Matching Annotations
  1. Mar 2024
  2. Aug 2023
    1. The revolt against the classical dissectors and drillmasterswas justified. So was the new interest in experimental science.The revolt against liberal education was not justified. Neitherwas the belief that the method of experimental science couldreplace the methods of history, philosophy, and the arts.

      These various shifts in culture and perspective were concurrent with the shift in education from the formal to the progressive.

      See also Education: A Short Introduction

    1. Thanks Sascha for an excellent primer on the internal machinations of our favorite machines beyond the usual focus on the storage/memory and indexing portions of the process.

      Said another way, a zettelkasten is part of a formal logic machine/process. Or alternately, as Markus Krajewski aptly demonstrates in Paper Machines (MIT Press, 2011), they are early analog storage devices in which the thinking and logic operations are done cerebrally (by way of direct analogy to brain and hand:manually) and subsequently noted down which thereby makes them computers.

      Just as mathematicians try to break down and define discrete primitives or building blocks upon which they can then perform operations to come up with new results, one tries to find and develop the most interesting "atomic notes" from various sources which they can place into their zettelkasten in hopes of operating on them (usually by juxtaposition, negation, union, etc.) to derive, find, and prove new insights. If done well, these newly discovered ideas can be put back into the machine as inputs to create additional newer and more complex outputs continuously. While the complexity of Lie Algebras is glorious and seems magical, it obviously helps to first understand the base level logic before one builds up to it. The same holds true of zettelkasten.

      Now if I could only get the printf portion to work the way I want...

    2. https://zettelkasten.de/posts/reading-is-searching/

      Not a bad piece, but likely obvious for those with any work in formal logic or mathematics. For those without it who are working in nascent zettelkasten, a good introduction.

  3. Jun 2023
    1. Neville Bennett’s Teaching Styles and PupilProgress

      Bennett, Neville. Teaching Styles and Pupil Progress. Open Books, 1976.

    2. Informal teaching could, however, seemingly go wrong moreeasily than formal teaching.
    3. Table 1. Progressive versus formal education

      a nice little comparative table

    4. There are many things that we have to take on trust; everyminute of every day we have to accept the testimony and the guidance of thosewho are in a position to offer an authoritative view.

      Perhaps there is a need for balance between the two perspectives of formal and progressive education. While one can teach another the broad strokes of the "rules" of note taking, for example, using the zettelkasten method and even give examples of the good and the bad, the affordances, and tricks, individuals are still going to need to try things out to see what works for them in various situations and for their specific needs. In the end, its nice to have someone hand one the broad "rules" (and importantly the reasons for them), so that one has a set of tools which they can then practice as an art.

    5. While the progressives think of education involving discovery and play, theformalists say that to put the emphasis on discovery is to ignore the tapestry ofestablished ideas, rules, and traditions that have been handed down to us fromcountless earlier generations.
    6. For formalists, though, learning is, sadly, hard slog. No pain, no gain. Theycontend that it is just a fact of life that there are some things that you need tolearn the hard way. There is complex information that we need to know to whichthere is no easy route. If you want to learn to write, for example, you need tounderstand the ways in which language is put together; you need to know theglue that binds sentences—the rules for making language work. This isn’t easy,say the formalists, and you don’t ‘discover’ it.

      Formalist education stance: One can't simply discover everything and as a result leaning can require specific work and long practice (learning to write, for example).

    7. For progressives, learning is natural; it’s happening all the time and it’s whathumans are programmed for. Children learn to talk, for example, without anyteaching at all. Progressive educators say that this learning of language providesus with a lesson: it shows that we are almost hard-wired for complex learning—it comes easily, if the circumstances for its acquisition are right. We shouldmake use of this strength, putting children in positions where they have theopportunity to think rather than telling them what to think.

      Progressive education stance: learning is easy and we've got an innate ability to do complex learning tasks. As a result, putting students into situations where they have the ability to think is better than simply telling them what to think, which might be a more formalist stance.

    8. For the formalists,though, it’s a process of imparting and acquiring the skills and knowledgenecessary for wellbeing and success in life. It’s about instruction and theacquisition of information and skills needed for the success of the society inwhich you live.
  4. May 2023
    1. Formal incentives to fulfil mission & wind-down – infrastructures exist for a specific purpose and that purpose can be radically simplified or even rendered unnecessary by technological or social change. If it is possible the organisation (and staff) should have direct incentives to deliver on the mission and wind down.

      {Formal Incentives]

  5. Apr 2023
    1. If there is a core theme to the formal position it is that education isabout passing on information; for formalists, culture and civilization represent astore of ideas and wisdom which have to be handed on to new generations.Teaching is at the heart of this transmission; and the process of transmission iseducation.
    2. Oakeshott saw educationas part of the ‘conversation of mankind’, wherein teachers induct their studentsinto that conversation by teaching them how to participate in the dialogue—howto hear the ‘voices’ of previous generations while cultivating their own uniquevoices.

      How did Michael Oakeshott's philosophy overlap with the idea of the 'Great Conversation' or 20th century movement of Adler's Great Books of the Western World.

      How does it influence the idea of "having conversations with the text" in the annotation space?

    3. There are, one might say, conservativeand liberal interpretations of this world view—the conservative putting theemphasis on transmission itself, on telling, and the liberal putting the emphasismore on induction, on initiation by involvement with culture’s established ideas.

      The formal educational viewpoint (in contrast to progressive education) can broadly be broken into conservative and liberal interpretations The conservative viewpoint focuses on transmission of knowledge while the liberal places its focus on initiation or induction into a culture's formative ideas.

    4. While progressive educators stress the child’s development from within,formalists put the emphasis, by contrast, on formation from without—formationthat comes from immersion in the knowledge, ideas, beliefs, concepts, andvisions of society, culture, civilization.
  6. Aug 2022
  7. Jun 2022
  8. Mar 2022
  9. Feb 2022
    1. Nacieron así obras no lineales (o que se plantean suprimir la linealidad) publicadas en papel, especialmente durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX: "Examen de la obra de Herbert Quain" y "El jardín de los senderos que se bifurcan", ambos de 1941, que saldrán incluidos en el libro Ficciones de Jorge Luis Borges, en 1944. Cien mil millones de poemas (1961), de Raymond Queneau. Rayuela, de Julio Cortázar, 1963. El castillo de los destinos cruzados (1973) y Si una noche de invierno un viajero (1979), de Italo Calvino. La vida instrucciones de uso (La Vie mode d'emploi) novela de Georges Perec, 1978. Diccionario Jázaro de Milorad Pavić, 1985. También, sin ser "alta literatura", aparecieron todo tipo de obras de Elige tu propia aventura o Libros Juego en los que la lectura se completaba con otros elementos más propios de los juegos de mesa: dados, anotaciones, etc.

      Otro ejemplo de este tipo de ejercicios no lineales de escritura y aportados al campo de la pedagogía, es la propuesta del italiano GIANNI RODARI, quien invita a la construcción de literatura infantil a partir de ejercidos tales como el de terminar una historia o construir historias colectivas. Gramatica de la fantasía, se constituye en una propuesta de construcción hipertextual analógica.

  10. Jul 2021
  11. Apr 2021
  12. Oct 2020
  13. Jul 2020
    1. TLA+ is a high-level language for modeling programs and systems--especially concurrent and distributed ones.

      Need to look more into TLA+ and formal verification with regards to software development.

  14. Apr 2020
    1. The burr hole is made on the side of the dilated pupil to decompress the intracranial space. After stabilization, the patient is transferred to a facility with neurosurgical capability for formal craniotomy.
  15. May 2019
  16. Mar 2019
    1. difference between formal and informal learning This article addresses the topic it proposes to: it describes the difference between formal and informal learning and to some extent provides some advice about selecting the type. It describes by example more than by definition and seems aimed at adults. rating 1/5

  17. Feb 2018
    1. In any case, though Gehry’s perspective might seem less focused on nature, he, too, is actually thinking about ecosystems

      pointing out an irony—Gehry and the people he disagrees with are both thinking about ecosystems

    2. The river created Los Angeles, and almost destroyed it

      Emphasizes the power of the river; suggests it has agency. Personification?

  18. May 2017
    1. His card was on the table

      "Calling cards became popular at the end of the 18th century and bore the visitor's name, title and residence." (Grace, Maria. "Morning Calls and Formal Visits: Socializing in the Regency Era" English Historical Fiction Authors, http://englishhistoryauthors.blogspot.com/2013/08/morning-calls-and-formal-visits.html . Accessed 24 April 2017.) The purpose of the calling card that Willoughby leaves behind at Mrs. Jennings' residence serves to inform her, as the mistress of the house, of his presence in London. As her acquaintance, it would have been considered rude of him not to do so.

  19. Jun 2016