987 Matching Annotations
  1. Nov 2022
    1. https://hypothes.is/search?q=tag%3A%27etc556+etcnau%27

      Randomly ran across a great tag full of education resources...

      Seems to be related to this class:<br /> ETC 556 - Contexts And Methods Of Technology In Adult Education

      Description: This course is designed for adult educators in the various contexts, including: higher education, military, non-profit, health and business settings. Through research, readings and collaborative activities, students will gain an understanding of various adult learning methods that include, but are not limited to, training, professional development, performance improvement, online and mobile learning. Letter grade only.

      https://catalog.nau.edu/Courses/course?courseId=011553&catalogYear=2223

    1. chrome-extension://bjfhmglciegochdpefhhlphglcehbmek/pdfjs/web/viewer.html?file=https%3A%2F%2Ffiles.eric.ed.gov%2Ffulltext%2FED611609.pdf 4/10

    1. Applying the self-determination theory (SDT) to explain student engagement in online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic

      -I will download the full article in EBSCO

      -This article will give me insight into how the self-determination theory helped with student engagement during the online learning they received during covid pandemic.

      -rating 7/10

      Chiu, T. K. (2022). Applying the self-determination theory (SDT) to explain student engagement in online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 54(sup1), S14-S30.

    1. Leading and Teaching with Technology: School Principals' Perspective

      This article will provide me with insight into how the use of technology has changed in the grade school education system based on principals' perspectives.

      rating 8/10

      Ugur, N. G., & Koç, T. (2019). Leading and Teaching with Technology: School Principals' Perspective. International Journal of Educational Leadership and Management, 7(1), 42-71.

    1. Teachers’ Use of Technology in Elementary Reading Lessons

      -I will download this full article through EBSCO

      -This article will provide me with teaching strategies that use technology in elementary reading lessons.

      -rating 8/10

      McDermott, P., & Gormley, K. A. (2016). Teachers’ use of technology in elementary reading lessons. Reading Psychology, 37(1), 121-146.

    1. Elementary Teachers’ Views about Teaching Design, Engineering, and Technology

      This article will provide me with insight on the views elementary teachers have on design, engineering and technology.

      rating 8/10

      Hsu, M. C., Purzer, S., & Cardella, M. E. (2011). Elementary teachers’ views about teaching design, engineering, and technology. Journal of Pre-College Engineering Education Research (J-PEER), 1(2), 5.

    1. Elementary School Teachers and Teaching with Technology

      This article will provide me insight into teaching with technology at the elementary school level.

      rating 6/10

      Varol, F. (2013). Elementary School Teachers and Teaching with Technology. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology-TOJET, 12(3), 85-90.

    1. Putting transformative learning theory into practice
      • I will download the full article through EBSCO.

      -This article will provide me with examples of how transformative learning theory can be put into practice in higher education settings and its limitations.

      -rating 7/10

      Christie, M., Carey, M., Robertson, A., & Grainger, P. (2015). Putting transformative learning theory into practice. Australian journal of adult learning, 55(1), 9-30.

    1. Experiential Learning Theory as a Guide for Experiential Educators in Higher Education

      This article will provide me with an overview of the experiential learning theory and how it can be applied to higher education settings.

      -rating 8/10

      Kolb, A. Y., & Kolb, D. A. (2017). Experiential learning theory as a guide for experiential educators in higher education. Experiential Learning & Teaching in Higher Education, 1(1), 7-44.

    1. Examining some assumptions and limitations of research on the effects of emerging technologies for teaching and learning in higher education

      -I will download the full article through EBSCO.

      -This article will give me perspective on the limitations of current research on teaching and learning with technology in higher education settings.

      -rating 8/10

      Kirkwood, A., & Price, L. (2013). Examining some assumptions and limitations of research on the effects of emerging technologies for teaching and learning in higher education. British Journal of Educational Technology, 44(4), 536-543.

    1. The integration of information technology in higher education: a study of faculty's attitude towards IT adoption in the teaching process

      -This article will provide me with insight as to faculty's attitudes towards adopting new technologies and incorporating them in higher education settings.

      -rating 7/10

      John, S. P. (2015). The integration of information technology in higher education: A study of faculty's attitude towards IT adoption in the teaching process. Contaduría y administración, 60, 230-252.

    1. Teaching with Technology: Using Tpack to Understand Teaching Expertise in Online Higher Education

      -I will download the full article through EBSCO.

      -This article provides an overview of how midwestern university professors use technology and teaching pedagogies to teach online courses.

      -rating 7/10

      Benson, S. N. K., & Ward, C. L. (2013). Teaching with technology: Using TPACK to understand teaching expertise in online higher education. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 48(2), 153-172.

    2. Teaching with Technology: Using Tpack to Understand Teaching Expertise in Online Higher Education

      -I will download the full article through EBSCO.

      -This article provides an overview of how midwestern university professors use technology and teaching pedagogies to teach online courses.

      -rating 7/10

    1. Using technology for teaching and learning in higher education: a critical review of the role of evidence in informing practice

      -I will download the full article in EBSCO.

      -This article will provide me with insight into whether the use of technology in higher education classrooms is effective.

      -rating 6/10

      Price, L., & Kirkwood, A. (2014). Using technology for teaching and learning in higher education: A critical review of the role of evidence in informing practice. Higher Education Research & Development, 33(3), 549-564.

    1. Teaching and technology in higher education: student perceptions and personal reflections

      -I will download the full article through EBSCO.

      -This article provides insight to students perspectives of how they learned with technology in their higher education classrooms.

      -rating 7/10

      Milliken, J., & Barnes, L. P. (2002). Teaching and technology in higher education: student perceptions and personal reflections. Computers & Education, 39(3), 223-235.

    1. Teaching with technology in higher education: understanding conceptual change and development in practice
      • I will download the full article through EBSCO.

      -This article will provide me with insight on how to use technology to teach in higher education settings. This presents what conceptual change means and how it has been used in higher education settings.

      -rating 6/10

      Englund, C., Olofsson, A. D., & Price, L. (2017). Teaching with technology in higher education: understanding conceptual change and development in practice. Higher Education Research & Development, 36(1), 73-87.

    1. Teaching excellence in higher education: critical perspectives

      -This article will provide me insight on what excellent teaching looks like in higher education settings.

      -rating 6/10

      Gourlay, L., & Stevenson, J. (2017). Teaching excellence in higher education: Critical perspectives. Teaching in Higher Education, 22(4), 391-395.

  2. www.middlesex.mass.edu www.middlesex.mass.edu
    1. Student Involvement: A Developmental Theoryfor Higher Education

      -This article will provide me with an overview of the learning theory known as student involvement and how it can be used in higher education settings.

      -rating 7/10

      Astin, A. W. (1984). Student involvement: A developmental theory for higher education. Journal of college student personnel, 25(4), 297-308.

    1. Evaluation of competence-based teaching in higher education: From theory to practice

      -I will download full article through EBSCO.

      -This article will provide me with insight on the evaluation of competence-based teaching theory in higher education and how it is put into practice.

      -rating 8/10

      Bergsmann, E., Schultes, M. T., Winter, P., Schober, B., & Spiel, C. (2015). Evaluation of competence-based teaching in higher education: From theory to practice. Evaluation and program planning, 52, 1-9.

    1. How should the higher education workforce adapt to advancements in technology for teaching and learning?

      -I will download the full article through EBSCO.

      -This article will provide me with insight into how to use technology for teaching and learning in higher education settings.

      -rating 8/10

      Kukulska-Hulme, A. (2012). How should the higher education workforce adapt to advancements in technology for teaching and learning?. The Internet and Higher Education, 15(4), 247-254.

    1. Peer-to-peer Teaching in Higher Education: A Critical Literature Review

      -I will download the full article in EBSCO.

      -This article will provide me with information on the popular learning theory of social constructivism and its benefits.

      -rating 7/10

      Stigmar, M. (2016). Peer-to-peer teaching in higher education: A critical literature review. Mentoring & Tutoring: partnership in learning, 24(2), 124-136.

    1. Technology-enhanced learning and teaching in higher education: what is ‘enhanced’ and how do we know? A critical literature review

      -I will download full article in EBSCO.

      -This article will give me some insight on what technology- enhanced learning means and how it has been incorporated in higher education settings.

      rating 7/10

      Kirkwood, A., & Price, L. (2014). Technology-enhanced learning and teaching in higher education: what is ‘enhanced’and how do we know? A critical literature review. Learning, media and technology, 39(1), 6-36.

  3. Mar 2021
    1. Coaching increases the likelihood that teachersadopt new teaching practices. Manyforms of coaching in education are newly developed approaches. These approaches begin with the creation of theories and practices.

      This resource discusses a framework for coaching that can support teacher development. The paper goes into how coaching pertains to education and teaching, the description of the framework and how to use the model. Rating: 7/10

    1. Instructional coaching is among the fastest-growing forms of support for teachers’ professional learning (Darling-Hammond et al., 2009), and for good reason. When compared to other common forms of teacher professional development, such as one-day workshops, coaching is an exciting possibility because it embodies two essential aspects of effective professional development: It is ongoing and located in the context of teachers’ daily work (Hawley & Valli, 1999).

      This resource discusses how instructional coaching can be beneficial for teachers professional learning. This provides how coaching can work for teachers and how it can be done effectively. Rating: 7/10

    1. 1Effective Coaching: Improving Teacher Practice and Outcomes for All Learners

      This resource discusses how to effectively coach teachers to improve their practice. It provides a framework for effective coaching practices. Rating: 8/10

    1. Here are some tips on how you can apply your knowledge of adult learning theory to inspire your learners.

      This resource discusses six different learning theories for adult learning and how to use them in your practice. This can be used for professional development and help you find a solution on which theory you can use that will fit your learning environment. Rating: 8/10

    1. Instructional coaching can be a supplement to professional development in that it involves a sustained collaborative relationship between coach and teacher, is ideally tailored to the teacher’s individual needs, and is provided by a coach, who typically has years of practical teaching experience

      This resource discusses instructional coaching for professional development for teachers. It discusses the frameworks and what it is important. Rating: 7/10

    1.  Social constructivist, connectivism, and transformative learning theories all have components of building communities through dialoguing, discussing, and reflecting to allow learners to develop deeper understandings and gain knowledge.

      This resource discusses the emerging theories and online learning environments for adult learning. It discusses how to create online learning environments for adults, the students roles and how the instructors should be trained. Rating: 8/10

    1. Though not universally adopted, pedagogical principles for online learning as presented by Anderson and McCormick (2005), can be used as a framework to inform quality online course design and promote online learner success

      This resource discusses how online learning can be utilized for designing online courses for adult learners. It discusses Malcolm Knowles' theory of andragogy and discusses each principle. Rating: 8/10

    1. Technology and Innovation in Adult Learning

      This book discusses technology and innovation in adult learning. The different chapters go more in depth on how technology is a new foundation for learning, how scaffolding is an essential skill, discusses andragogy and different e-Learning models. Rating: 8/10

    1. Since online learning has a different setting from the conventional classroom, online educators need to use some special techniques and perceptions to lead to success. Moreover, adults have special needs and requirements as learners compared with children and adolescents, thus online educators should know how adults can learn best because of their special characteristics.

      This resource is a research article about how constructivism can be used for adult learners in online learning environments. It also provides guidelines for using the constructivist approach in online learning for adults. Rating: 10/10

    1. The purpose of this review was to address the central theme of technology-enhanced learning (TEL) in coaching. “Technology-enhanced learning” (TEL), has become a widely-accepted term for describing the interface between digital technology and teaching.

      This resource discusses how to use technology-enhanced learning in coaching. This is a great resource for educators who want to develop professional developments for teachers to use technology to aid in learning. Rating: 7/10

    1. The adult learning theories of andragogy, experiential learning, self-directed learning, transformational learning, and neuroscience point to five principles for designing instructional activities for adult learners.

      This resource discusses how developers can create digital learning opportunities for adult leaners. It discusses andragogy, experiential learning, self-directed learning, transformational learning, and neuroscience. Rating: 9/10

    1. The phrase “adult learning theory” is much bandied about in corporate training circles. Do you know what it means?

      This resource describes how instructional designers can use different adult learning theories to enhance learning experiences. Rating: 6/10

    1. In doing so, it demonstrates the learning value inherent within the coaching framework and challenges educators to consider its potential as a model for active, collaborative, authentic and engaging learning.

      This resource discusses personal coaching and how it can help educators create a model for active, collaborative, authentic, and engaging learning. It describes what personal coaching is and how to use it in educational settings. Rating: 6/10

    1. Technologies with the potential to support literacy development in adults and adolescents are rapidly emerging and becoming more affordable.

      The chapter in this book discusses technologies that support adult literacy. Using technology in adult education and using new approaches will have its benefits when it is better understood and can enhance instructional approaches. Rating: 7/10

    1. Instructors and programs in adult education and literacy classrooms face challenges with technology integration due to minimal internet and mobile phone service availability,and limited financial support for professional development.

      This article discusses the challenges that instructors can face in adult education due to minimal internet and limited professional development. Rating: 5/10

    1. This resource gives factors on how to use teach adults to incorporate technology to enhance learning experiences. There are 4 factors: implementation models, how to use data, supporting a rich technology infrastructure, and supporting the evolving role of the instructor. This resource gives best practices for technology integration. Rating: 10/10

    1. In this section, we provide ideas on how you can use the technology you have more effectively in the teaching and learning environment. We recognize the challenges adult education settings have with uneven technology infrastructure (to say the least); however, there are ways to be creative, and we hope to inspire you to try out some of these ideas.

      This resource helps adults use technology more effectively in a learning environment. This provides strategies on how to use technology and make it enjoyable. Rating: 10/10

    1. Utilizing different types of technology in the classroom, including a virtual classroom, creates learners who are actively engaged with learning objectives. The implementation of technology also creates pathways for differentiated instruction to meet the unique needs of students as individual learners within a broader classroom climate.

      This resource will help with my coaching/professional development on how teachers can effectively use technology in their classroom. It discusses how to integrate technology, the importance, and how to use it. Rating: 6/10

    1. But, innovative, technologically advanced learning environments still benefit from a solid foundation in adult learning theory, instrumental theories like John B. Watson's Behaviorism, Lev Vygotsky's Social Development Theory, Jack Mezirow's Critical Reflection and John M. Dirkx's Nurturing Soul in Adult Learning. These theories should serve as the foundation for an enriched online learning experience.

      This resource gives a description of foundations in adult learning theory, discusses behaviorism, social development theory, and critical reflection. Knowledge in these theories can help set a foundation for an enriched online learning experience. Rating: 7/10

    1. The learning needs for adults that result from the constant increase in technology are rooted in the adult learning concepts of (a) andragogy, (b) self-directed learning, (c) learning-how-to-learn, (d) real-life learning, and (e) learning strategies.

      Study that describes learning strategies for adults to use and to engage in an online auction process. The findings can be great for researching learning strategies for adults.

  4. Oct 2020
    1. E-LEARNING IMPLICATIONS FOR ADULT LEARNING

      The authors spend time noting and comparing new perspectives between andragogy and pedagogy. The authors compare teaching strategies and personality types. They conclude by defining several rules observed for e-learning in adult education.

      Rating: 7/10

      Note: https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1013743

    2. E-Learning Implications for Adult Learning

      (Click Download full text to read.) In this brief article, the authors contrast the child and adult learner. Highlighting the adult learner's characteristics, the article further discusses factors that might affect the individual learning style. Furthermore, the authors discuss these styles in the context of eLearning (extravert, introvert, sensory type, intuitive adult, reflexive type, affective type, rational type, and perceptive type). Each learning type and preferred eLearning method is illustrated (Table 1, p. 60). Rationale for the implementation of eLearning is detailed (p. 61). Guidelines for the use of eLearning is discussed. (6/10)

    1. Description: The authors discuss the usage of blogs in political science classrooms at a university level. There are five skills (critical thinking, political awareness, background research, essay writing, and reflection) which are improved through the use of blogging and the article dedicates a segment to each skill. The last section of the article discusses two types of blogging students can attempt: response to news clippings or experiential blogging. The first kind is available to all students and requires learners to find and respond to news articles. The second is more reflective of a current opportunity students might have such as studying abroad or an internship.

      Rating: 7/10

      Reason for the rating: The article gives detailed explanations for the impact blogging has on student achievement. It gives examples of each type of blogging to help the reader fully understand the writers ideas. Yet, the article focuses only on political science students while blogs-- and four out of the five skills mentioned above-- can be applies to the majority of university classes.

    1. Tips from the Pros: Using Technology to Scaffold Conceptual Development

      Technology can be used in adult learning environments to support concrete representation abstract (CRA) progression. This site gives an example of what that might look like. In the concrete stage students have to learn by doing and virtual environments can give them the experience of doing. Online simulations can also provide that experience. Tools for creating concept maps or infographics help students in the representational stage. When students need to apply knowledge in the abstract stage they can use technology to create videos, conduct interviews, or record podcasts. This was a different view of technology integration than I had read about from other sources and it is something I found helpful when thinking about integrating technology. The author researches online pedagogy and technology and teaches future teachers. 10/10

    1. Metacognition is one’s ability to use prior knowledge to plan a strategy for approaching a learning task, take necessary steps to problem solve, reflect on and evaluate

      Metacognition will be studied as it relates to self- regulated learning.

    1. Takentogether,theresultsofthissystematicreviewsuggestthatgamificationcanincreaseengagementinonlineprograms,andenhancerelatedoutcomes,suchaslearningandpossiblyhealthbehaviour.Mostresearchtodatehasevaluatedtheimpactofmultiplegamificationfea-turesusedincombination.Preliminaryevidencesuggeststhatleaderboardsmaybea particu-larlyusefulformofgamificationtoincreaseengagement.It appearsthattheefficacyofgamificationforincreasingengagementmayhavea timeeffect,witha clearpositiveimpactinstudiesconductingactivitiesina singlesitting,withresultsmoremixedforstudiesexamininggamificationandengagementovera sustainedperiod

      Gamification, that is, adding game features to an otherwise dry college course, helped get students engaged. Leaderboards were more effective than badges and points and for a longer time. People did seem to lose interest in the game after a while. 8/10

    1. There would seem to be a happy confluence between constructivist ideas about learning and trends in Internet usage. Self-directed learning through a collaborative and participative environment with other students is recognised as being a good, or even the best, approach in many contexts (Guthrie et

      Yes that was the impression I hot. Because of this misconception I feel that many of us students sometimes hold... Reality is that real students feel real anxiety in the midst of sharing information.

    1. “Outdoor adult learning can be an antidote and complement to the digital world . . . offering holistic, mentally and physically challenging learning experiences.”

      Adult Learning often takes place within walls or in front of a computer screen this can lead to health problems. This article offers reasons and methods for getting adults outdoors and using Universal Design. Outdoor learning can be used to complement digital learning.

    1. Adults as Learners:Effective Teaching Strategies

      Give practical information and tips for teaching adults.

    1. As an English teacher and school librarian, I am passionate about teaching students how to access information, how to evaluate their information and how to correctly source their information when researching.  Here are five of my top tips for helping students write a research paper or complete a research project.

      This has good suggestions about 5 steps in writing a research paper: choosing a research question, brainstorming, finding sources, note taking, and citations. The tips are aimed at children, but are still good. She skipped the step of actually writing the paper, though. 8/10.

    1. Self-regulation is important to the likelihood of learners’ success in realizing their goals and may include the following: Analyze gap between goal and current status. Break down goals into smaller steps and prioritize. Set deadlines for the goal and interim steps.

      I really like how I have this piece of "evidence " that apparently is so tangible. Things like this I place in a visible area for my adult learners to see.

    1. Using Socratic questioning in distance learning help students show more critical thinking skills and they maintained them. This article streangthens that idea that Socratic qwuestions makes better learners.

      9/10

    1. An in depth read that has plenty of sources and data to back its findings that peer evaluation has many positive impacts on learning when done the correct way.

      8/10

    1. Activity Thoery: who is doing what, why and how, looks at how people carry out tasks. The theory is mainly used in research, it can also be used when doing a needs assessment to figure design purposeful training.

      8/10

    1. Good article about the importance of Universal Design when designing learning opportunities. The authors use plenty of strong sources to back their findings and keep the information concise.

      9/10

    1. By some measures distance education students are somewhat less prepared (e.g. fewer of them attended private high schools) but still have a better chance of graduating college than students who do not take distance education courses. Put simply, at a national level, even potentially less prepared students who participated in distance education early in their college careers were more likely to attain a degree than students who had not done so.

      A followup to studies of community college students in Virginia and Washington, this national study found that students who enrolled in online classes early in their college careers were more likely to complete their degrees. This was true even though students in online classes are somewhat less prepared than those in in person classes. One difference may be that this study was published a few years after the Virginia one, and more students were enrolled in online classes by then. 9/10

    1. While scholars have applied the assumptions of andragogy to inform quality online course design, this work proposes that an online course designed using sound pedagogical principles can exhibit a learning experience beneficial to adult learners.

      This short article links Anderson and McCormick's pedagogical principles for online learning with Knowles' andragogical assumptions about adult learning. 8/10

    1. Accordingly, our results strongly suggest thatonlineinstructionin keyintroductorycollege-level courses, at least as currently practiced, maynot be aseffectiveasface-to-faceinstructionat2-yearcommunitycolleges.

      According to a study done across all Virginia Community Colleges, students who signed up for gatekeeper courses (basic English and Math) online did less well in those courses than did their peers who took the same classes in person. There was a higher attrition rate in the online classes as well. Students who came in with good GPAs tended to do well in online courses, but those who were struggling with academics did worse than they probably would have in person. Many statistics are included. 9/10

    1. In order to inform the development and implementation of effective online learning environments, this study was designed to explore both instructors' and students' online learning experiences while enrolled in various online courses. The study investigated what appeared to both support and hinder participants' online teaching and learning experiences.

      The authors discuss the issue of community and engagement in online graduate programs. They carried out a small case study and used a Cognitive Apprenticeship Model to examine a successful program in Higher Education. They found that students feel too many online classes are just reading and writing, regurgitating rather than applying, and lack sufficient connection with the instructor and with other students, They recommend some strategies to fix that, but admit that more work is needed. 9/10

    1. Online learning environments have a promising future for researchers, practitioners, and learners. However designing and developing more effective and efficient online learning environments is possible with ongoing research and development. This paper offers four research goals and matches four existing methodologies to improve student outcomes in online learning environments defined as learner achievement, engagement, and retention.

      The authors outline four general research goals, and then go into detail on some of the questions that should be researched within those areas. They then suggest four methodologies to use in designing students to research those questions: formative, developmental, and experimental research and activity theory. All of these could help include online learning in terms of learner achievement, engagement, and retention. 9/10

    1. JVER v29n1 - Analysis of Technology Integration in the Teaching-Learning Process in Selected Career and Technical Education Programs

      This looks at the application of technology in career and technical education programs for adults. It looks at how and how often technology is used in these programs. 8/10, interesting and focused on technical education unlike most articles.

    1. Technology planning: A roadmap to successful technology integration in schools

      This article talks about why, when institutions have prioritized and invested a lot of money in teaching adults to utilize technology in the classroom, there are very little successful instances of integration of technology in classrooms. 5/10, not particularly interesting to me and targeted towards a specific group of adult learners.

    1. TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION IN HIGHER EDUCATION: OVERCOMING ANXIETY THROUGH FACULTY BOOTCAMP

      This article uses educational theory to examine why educators feel anxiety in association with learning and using new technologies and how best to teach new technologies without triggering anxiety. 7/10, good discussion of theories and methods along with reasoning.

    1. DEVELOPMENT ARTICLEA systems-based approach to technology integrationusing mentoring and communities of practice

      This article presents a model of technology integration at the system level formed around mentoring. It focuses on effective methods of teacher professional development in the area of technology integration and discusses overcoming various obstacle teachers face during adult learning/ education. 6/10, very narrow focus of adult learners.

    1. TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATIONTHROUGH PROFESSIONAL LEARNING COMMUNITY

      This article examines the effectiveness of learning communities to support integration of technology into classrooms and effective teacher growth in the area of technology proficiencies. 5/10, learning community findings are useful but this source is very targeted towards a specific group of adult learners.

    1. Technology Andragogy Work Content Knowledge Model as a New Framework in Vocational Education: Revised Technology Pedagogy Content Knowledge Model

      This article focuses on using adult education theory to integrate technology into vocational education. This expands adult learning opportunities to community colleges and trade schools. 8/10 interesting and different from an equity and accessibility standpoint.

    1. Language Research Bulletin,32, ICU, TokyoAndragogy in the 21st century: Applying the Assumptions of Adult Learning Online

      This article emphasizes the importance of creating online programs that have learning objectives that correspond to learners' real-world needs. It examines Knowles' Andragogical Model to provide guidelines for incorporating adult learning principles into course design. 10/10, very good blend of strategy and theory.

    1. A Comprehensive Exploration of Technology's RoleIin Adult Learning

      This article examines and gives bit of information from a book covering the intersection of adult learning and technology innovation. 4/10, while there is information here it is certainly not the entire book and therefore incomplete. It does serve as a quick and accessible alternative for those seeking the books information but lacking the time/ access to read the book.

    1. Pre-service Teachers' Practices towards Digital Game Design for Technology Integration into Science Classrooms

      This article looks at yet another new technology that has the potential to revolutionize the adult learning field. It examines the results of teaching educators about digital game design for technology integration. It looked at integrating this technology into science classrooms in particular. 9/10, very interesting new technology with lots of potential implications in the adult learning field.

    1. Application of augmented reality technologies for education projects preparation

      This article is on the cutting edge of educational technology. It discusses the potential benefits of augmented or enriched reality in education. While this article focuses on studies conducted using teaching practices in a college classroom with college students, it is reasonable to assume that this technology would have great potential for adult education too. 9/10 extremely exciting and interesting potential future technology for adult education.

    1. Teaching, Technology, and Teacher Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic:

      This article (or at least the section of it presented here) describes one institutions 5-phase model of virtual learning . It examines the state of teacher preparation and professional development in terms of technology and determines that while progress is being made, it is slow and needs to be implemented and focused on more. 4/10, the article itself is not great but it does include an extensive list of references that may be of use later.

    1. Integrating academic and everyday learning through technology: Issues and challenges for researchers, policy makers and practitioners

      This article examines the potential to connect academic with knowledge learned through life and career experience using technology and other traditional methods. Challenges and best practices are presented and all levels of individual and institution are included in the discussion. Rating 8/10. Very interesting idea and cool how many levels of organization are included.

    1. Developmental benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) exposure impacts larval behavior and impairs adult learning in zebrafish

      A truly enjoyable read about specific environmental factors and their effect on learning in adult zebra fish. Although the study was done on fish, it is known that this particular contaminant effects humans as well in many ways, including in intelligence. The fact that this contaminant was found to effect learning and memory in adult fish reminds us to consider multiple aspects when constructing educational environments. Physical location and learning environment can greatly impact adult learning outcomes and is rarely talked about in adult learning theory papers. 10/10 for interest, 1/10 for relevance to this class.

  5. dergipark.org.tr dergipark.org.tr
    1. Blueprint for In-Service Teacher Training Program in Technology Integration

      This article looks at the gap between teacher efficiency in in-person versus online teaching and the need to effectively build teachers' competencies in the are of technology to ensure teachers are not incompetent at teaching online. This study collected data from 122 English language teachers and used the findings to create a blueprint for other institutions hoping to increases teachers' ability to successfully integrate technology into their lessons. 6/10, the study was too small to be truly persuasive scientifically and the findings were more helpful for institutions rather than individual educators.

    1. Toward a Future Adult Learning Community: If Sacra tes Had a PC. .. Toward a Future Adult Learning Community: If Socrates had a PC ...

      In this article both socratic and invisible integration approaches of technology in adult education are examined in an effort to propose a framework for future adult learning communities. Rating is 2/10, this article is much older than anticipated (somehow snuck through the date filter) and was rather outdated given how much technology has changed.

    1. The Impact of Social Media Technologies on Adult Learning

      This article takes on the challenge of investigating what role social media technologies have in adult learning/ their impact on learning outcomes for adult learners. The data showed that social media technologies follow similar patterns to other educational tools. Teaching method used in conjunction with the technology matters significantly. This being said, the article does make several recommendations for using social media in the classroom to boost adult learning outcomes. 10/10 interesting and relevant article with easy to find and utilize recommendations educators could implement.

    1. METHODOLOGY DEVELOPMENT IN ADULT LEARNING RESEARCHCOMBINING PHYSIOLOGICAL REACTIONS AND LEARNING EXPERIENCES IN SIMULATION-BASED LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS

      This article details the methods and results of a research experiment done to determine whether/ how physiological measurement technologies can be used with educational research methods to investigate subjective learning experiences. Describes research methods and data collected. 8/10, very interesting article and a very interesting and well done study but very specific to this one topic. e

    1. Handbook of Research on Student-Centered Strategies in Online Adult Learning Environments

      This article showcases a framework for course design using theory and research in the learning sciences. It defines student-centered learning and explains how it can/ should be used in the creation of the course and when establishing which theories and methods to structure the course around. 9/10, very detailed source.

    1. Adapting adult learning theory to support innovative, advanced, online learning - WVMD Model

      This article details how to build an innovative online learning environment using methods based on influential adult learning theories. These theories include Social Development Theory, Behaviorism, Critical Reflection and Nurturing the Soul. 10/10, many theories throughly discussed.

    1. Preservice Teacher Experience with Technology Integration: How the Preservice Teacher’s Effica-cy in Technology Integration is Impactedby the Context of the Preservice Teacher Education Pro-gram

      This article discusses the need for teacher education to focus just as much on technology knowledge (regardless of grade level taught) as on educational theory and methods. It argues that teachers cannot be effective if they are not trained in not only current technologies, but also taught to be familiar with navigating new technologies as the emerge. 5/10 Very specific to K-12 teacher education.

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    1. Farewell to Pedagogy

      The Article often compares Andragogy to Pedagogy and how they are different and should not be confused. The Article goes in depth into core assumptions of Andragogy.

      8/10

    1. 4. Engaged, mobile-first learning experiences

      A short article that looks at the future trends of learning and development. One trend it discusses is that time spent on training may be decreasing. Trainers are getting more creative using cell phones to train bite sized chunks. 8/10

    1. At Google, 80% of all tracked trainings are run through an employee-to-employee network called “g2g” (Googler-to-Googler)

      A look at what Googles G2G (Googler-to-Googler) training program is about. It is a short infographic that describes methods that the program uses.

      7/10

    1. Sarah Brown is a Learning Strategist and Designer at Google.

      This is an interview with a google employee about what she does to keep Google heading in the right direction for the development and learning of its employees.

      9/10

    1. Learning & Development Best Practices from the Top Silicon Valley Companies

      Interesting read about what top tech companies are doing to promote a growth mindset within their company. From Google to Amazon each company has a different approach that is working for them.

      7/10

    1. 5 Cross-Training Lessons from Disney

      The article focuses on why the cross training practice Disney implements is an effective model and lists its 5 key benefits.

      8/10, its not to in-depth but it provides a great starting point for adult learning in a company.

    1. Where Companies Go Wrong with Learning and Development

      This article by Steve Glaveski reviews common problems in learning in development that companies experience. It ends with a list of things that need change and promptes "Lean Learning".

      8/10

    1. According to research [e.g. 6, 7, 9, 10], many games aimed at health promotion do work, but still there is not enough evidence to conclude definitely what kind of design principles work for what purposes. Traditionally the research literature in health games does not describe which game design methodologies were used.

      This article looks into gaming that promote health. The games is reviews are for both adults and kids. It discusses the user feedback and what could be done to make the games more engaging.

    1. This study explores teacher beliefs and technology integration by giving a select group of teachers questionnaires about beliefs. The study group was chosen from teachers already involved in a project for the U.S. Department of Education and they taught elementary school. Results showed that the more sophisticated beliefs, the more student-centered the teaching, and the more likely it was that teachers used technology to enhance learning. Research about changing teacher beliefs is presented, indicating that teachers need to be given experiences before they will be able to change beliefs held. This study focused on elementary teachers and it would be interesting to see the same study conducted on teachers in higher education. 8/10

    1. Digital learner presence and online teaching tools: higher cognitive requirements of online learners for effective learning

      The authors study blogs, virtual worlds, discussion boards, and wikis and gathers student feedback on integrating those technologies into a class. The authors believed that students needed a digital presence to be successful in online learning. Instructor presence is also important and both can help participants in the class realize that there are real people in the class. The results of the studies show that integrating technology for collaboration should be done with careful design by the teacher, that as students are exposed to tools they find ones that work best for them, and that for students who have little exposure to technology the teacher should provide scaffolding to help them develop a digital presence. The studies were conducted in one region in Australia and I would like to see similar studies with learners from a broader area. 8/10

    2. Digital learner presence and online teaching tools: higher cognitive requirements of online learners for effective learning

      Article explores how digital learners interface with content in a virtual setting. Some of the learning tools included blogs, discussion boards, wikis, virtual worlds, etc. Study shows that the digital environment can be just as effective as F2F for promoting higher level thinking and learning. Article also discusses learners perceptions of the tools and self reflection about their learning in these environments. Rating 8/10

    1. Can ABC Lead to Sustained 123? The Medium-Term Effects of a Technology-Enhanced Adult Education Program

      This paper explores how technology integration contributes to learning gains. An example from an experiment in Niger showed that gains still existed after several years. The experiment used mobile phone intervention in groups of participants in 113 villages in Niger. Participants demonstrated medium learning gains and increased mobile phone usage after the program but did not gain observable socio-economic outcomes. The study had no control group and some participants dropped out during the study. This study explored technology integration with a population lacking exposure to technology. 8/10

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    1. Technological Pedagogical ContentKnowledge: A Framework for TeacherKnowledge

      This article is older, but I came across the term TPCK several times and needed background information on the topic. There has been a lot of focus on what teachers need to know to integrate technology but this article states that we also need to study how technology is used. Technological pedagogical content knowledge, or TPCK, is the argument that Content, Pedagogy, and Technology are not separate realms of knowledge. They intersect and TPCK is what is needed for good teaching with technology. Good teachers understand how technology, content, and pedagogy must all work together to develop class content. This is thought-provoking information to anyone entering the educational technology field. 10/10

    1. 3 Cool Tech Tools to Consider for the Digital Classroom

      This article discusses methods of integrating technology in an online learning environment. It gives examples of using Adobe Spark, Quizlet, and Remind for an online instructor as well as reasons why the tools should be used. This comes from the Faculty Focus site which has short, to the point articles about current topics. It was easy to search for topics about technology integration though none of the articles are as content-heavy as journal articles. 8/10

    1. Factors Impacting University Instructors’ and Students’Perceptions of Course Effectiveness and TechnologyIntegration in the Age of Web 2.0

      Even though technology and Web 2.0 tools are widespread in education, using them does not guarantee that learning outcomes are accomplished. Blogs, wikis, podcasts, social networks have all received attention as tools that increase learning. This study examined student and faculty perception of the usefulness of such tools. The study results are useful to instructors designing content. Student responses showed that instructional strategies, not specific technology uses, influenced student perception of course effectiveness. Highly interesting reading from a peer-reviewed journal. 10/10

    1. Using Technology to Help First-Gen Students

      The authors discuss how integrating technology can be beneficial to first-generation students in several ways. Students can use technology to find answers to how to navigate the college system. They can use tools to fill in any gaps from their high school education, use familiar social media tools to apply knowledge, and find answers to questions they are embarrassed to ask. The authors are college professors and this is an opinion piece that references research but does not cite research. I think the piece raised several important points but would appreciate citations to help me explore the topic further. The Inside Higher Ed site is easy to use and I could easily find information about topics I searched. 8/10.

    1. Facilitating Student Engagement in Higher Education Through Educational Technology: A Narrative Systematic Review in the Field of Education

      CITE Journal provides peer-reviewed articles about using technology in education and breaks them into categories by subject area. The site is easy to navigate and easy to search. The authors examine cognitive, affective, and behavior student engagement through a systemic review. Integrating technology allowed students to learn from peers, progress in self-directed learning, and more. However, students also reported disengagement due to frustration, disappointment, and more. Engagement occurred more often than disengagement when students worked with technology. There are several points made here about the reasons for disengagement that were new to me and I appreciated the discussion about those points. 10/10

    1. Internet LearningVolume 4Issue 1Spring 2015Article 2May 2015Strategies for Virtual Learning Environments:Focusing on Teaching Presence and TeachingImmediacy

      This article explore teacher presence and teacher immediacy. Both online and in-person classes have integrated technology by creating technology-based environments. When using technology to host an online class, it is important for students to feel they are a community of learners. Teaching presence is important for students and can enhance critical thinking. Instructor immediacy can boost student engagement. This study analyzed existing literature and proposes quantitative and qualitative future studies to continue research into student engagement using technology. The most interesting section is the description of teacher roles in an online environment. 9/10

    2. Internet LearningVolume 4Issue 1Spring 2015Article 2May 2015Strategies for Virtual Learning Environments:Focusing on Teaching Presence and TeachingImmediacy

      Article presents strategies for adoption in virtual learning environments to improve aspects of instructor presence and immediacy. Central to the discussion are perceptions of engagement and relatability, which play an integral role in shaping learners' cognitive and affective filters. Rating 7/10

    1. The Past Meets the Future: How to Bring Confucian Virtues into Higher Ed with Educational Technology

      The authors discuss the alignment of virtues with educational technology. There is a discussion about using technology to allow students to interact with each other and create educated people who respect culture and ethics. Students can be guided to think about moral consequences of technology before using it. Reading about how Confucianism aligns with educational technology was interesting and even if teachers do not agree with it completely, it is still a new perspective to consider. The site is not peer-reviewed but the authors do have experience in the topics discussed. 8/10

    1. Personalisation in educational technology: the absence of underlying pedagogies

      The International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education is available on Springer Open. I do not find the layout to be user-friendly, but I appreciate open access to the articles. The authors explore literature related to personalized experiences with educational technology. Personalized education involves adjusting objectives, content, and approaches to the learner. The literature did not provide a large enough sample to be representative, but it did provide a fascinating look at two approaches to personalization: a system that guides learning and an approach where the students guide decisions about learning. 7/10

    1. Digital technologies in training and adult education

      This is an overview of an issue of the International Journal of Training and Development. It summarizes key findings of several studies and is an excellent starting point to explore several areas of digital technology use in adult training. Findings from the studies include: technology should complement blended learning, trainer competency in digital platforms has an effect on attitude towards technology use, and that educators with media-related training are more likely to be critically-reflective of technology. There are several references listed that could be useful to those exploring methods of technology integration. 10/10

    1. America’s publicly funded adult education system serves only 5 percent of the 40 million U.S. adults who have low literacy skills.1 To stay competitive, adults need better access to education and training experiences that are high quality, afford­able, and adaptable. This includes math skills, which significantly affect employ­ability and career options.

      This article raises concerns with the workforce in America and how we are supporting adults who need access to a better education. With a better education adults can access higher paying jobs and contribute more. The article uses case studies and highlights to discuss different methods and best practice of adult learning.

    1. Technology and Adult Students In Higher Education: A Review of the Literature

      In this literature review the authors cover many common topics related to technology and adults including andragogy and traits of adults learners. The discussion of educator reluctance to use technology in new ways to improve learner outcomes was useful. The literature reinforced the idea that educators should not use technology for the sake of technology but instead to benefit learners. This site publishes graduate work in a special section and this is the work of several doctoral students. Most topics included have been thoroughly researched and discussed in other journals and articles. 5/10

    2. Technology and Adult Students In Higher Education: A Review of the Literature

      This article goes over a review of the literature related to integrating technology in higher education. It discusses traits of adult learners, andragogy and challenges to its theory and application. Provides references to use for further study. Rate: 5/10

    3. Technology and Adult Students In Higher Education: A Review of the Literature

      Article explores technology usage among adult learners in higher education and how to optimize learning outcomes via tech tools in these settings. The author addresses educational/instructional design and the need for instructors to modify traditional approaches. Rating 6/10

    1. Journal of Education & Social Policy Vol. 7, No. 1; March 201725The Technology Driven Student: How to Apply Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy to the Digital Generations

      The authors describe Bloom's Digital Taxonomy for use with digital learning. They summarize Bloom's Taxonomy, describe the changes to the Revised Taxonomy, and give suggestions for using the Digital Taxonomy. The Digital Taxonomy includes ways to use Web 2.0 technology and updates vocabulary to align with current technologies. It also takes into account that students are now content creators and not only content consumers. Content creation can be aligned with Bloom's Taxonomy. While this is not a study, it cites studies for all topics discussed and succinctly connects the changes in higher education students, technology developments, and Bloom's Taxonomy. 9/10

    1. Multiplying Impact:Five Frameworks for Investment in EdTech for Adult Learners

      The report was funded through the U.S. Department of Education. It proposed that there are five areas of focus for educational technology in regards to adult learners. Focus areas include: supplement the instructor, design for learners' lives, engage the learner, build community, and connect content to learners' lives. The areas proposed are meant to improve adult education outcomes for adult learners not in a university setting. The report lists the issue or problem that each framework is meant to address and how the framework can improve teacher and student experience. This gives concrete examples for implementing technology and discusses what can be implemented easily today versus what would take more time and funding. 9/10

    1. In this literature review the author examines papers related to constructivism, connectivism, and educational technology. Many constructivist learning theories are presented though the authors point out that connectivism is particularly relevant to digital teaching and learning. Active, experiential, situational learning, and others are described within the context of educational technology. Concrete examples are given for some learning theories. The analysis of the Zone of Proximal Development in connectivism is relevant to those teaching with technology. Further research in the area of learning theories related to educational technology is suggested. The author pulled papers in English, Spanish, and Portuguese, giving this literature review a broader scope than other works. 9/10

    1. 11.1.4 Quality in online courses and programs

      The author of this book has extensive experience in the field of educational technology. The book itself has several useful sections for instructors or instructional designers. In this section he discusses what makes a quality course. When using technology to create online or hybrid courses, the same quality assurance standards used in classroom teaching should apply. The idea presented here that online courses may have more difficult outcomes to measure is something those in the field of educational technology may encounter when designing assessment. 9/10

    1. Technology in the Classroom: What the Research Tells Us

      Very interesting read about using personal technology in the classroom, including laptops and cell phones. Cell phones? I've never considered a cell phone as a useful tool in the classroom, and the authors agree, citing research that indicates cellphone users in the classroom perform half a grade lower than students who don't use them. I just assumed that all along, so it's nice to hear it's confirmed by research. The article goes a step further and discusses not only useful technology but the misuse of technology in the classroom, which is certainly helpful for a perspective teacher. Also a pretty cool website with news, reports, data, research, and even a place to search for education jobs. Solid 8/10 rating.

    1. Response: Ways to Use Tech Effectively in English Classes

      Ahh, my cup of tea! This website offers a host of great resources, many written by the boots-on-the-ground teachers that practice what they preach. This particular article is a two-part series that asks, "What are effective ways to use tech in English classes?" The answers are given by some very reputable and experienced educators. Education Week Teacher is certainly a resource that I would utilize throughout my teaching career (if I ever get one!). 9/10 rating.

    1. The adult learning environment

      This article was written by three faculty members of the University of Zambia. The authors discuss the idea of "adult learning" with respect to child learning. The authors spend most of the article outlining the social, emotional, physical, and cognitive aspects of the adult learning environment.

      Rating: 5/10

    1. The purpose of this toolkit is to familiarize the user with intellectual and developmental disabilities (I/DD) and communication techniques to assist in successfully facilitating a healthy living program for individuals with I/DD. These are suggested techniques particularly helpful for those who don’t have any experience working with individuals who have I/DD.

      This toolkit can be used as a starting point for working with or developing programs that people with a developmental or intellectual disability might use. It does not go into detail but offers strategies for communication, behavior and setting learners up for success.

      10/10 It is short and highly informative with free resources within it.

    1. The author, Stefan Hrastinski, is a Professor at the Division of Digital Learning and Director of Research Education at the Department of Learning in Engineering Sciences at KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Sweden. Hrastinski notes the term "blended learning" originated in the 1990's, but is often over generalized. Hrastinski proposes several blended learning models, blended learning conceptualizations, and proposes recomendations for future research.

      Rating: 6/10

    1. Walmart Academies offers training online as well as in classes and in their stores, for its frontline service workers, covering both retail and soft skills. As part of this work, Walmart offers a video game called Spark City that simulates being a store department manager. Walmart Academies also has partnered with Guild Education to offer higher-level educational opportunities including for-credit college level classes

      A comprehensive guide to blended learning with links to other resources throughout the article. Something that caught my eye was when they talked about Walmart's Spark City, a video game for training managers (pg.13).

      10/10

    1. Adult Learning Theories

      This article provides a short, yet well rounded description of andragogy, SDL, and TL. The author proposes, and concludes, that effective adult education requires a mixture of theories or principles.

      Rating: 8/10

    1. TEAL Fact Sheet

      Teaching Excellence in Adult Learning (TEAL), a great list of resources for different aspects of adult learning. Theories, lesson planning, student centered... The rest of the website has excellent resources as well. It can be a little daunting to try to navigate but a great resource all the same.

      10/10

    1. EAL Center Fact Sheet No. 11: Adult Learning Theories

      This is an extensive site that offers many resources for adult learning. TEAL (Teaching Excellence in Adult Learning) has helpful information for planning, UDL, goal setting and much more.

      10/10 This site cites its sources and is easy to use.

    1. SHAREFacebookTweetPinterestFOLLOW Classroom innovation creative thinking, learning styles How to Make Technology in Classrooms Effective and Exciting

      This brief but well-written article caught my eye because of the title--who wouldn't want to make technology "effective and exciting"? Although the article is geared specifically to pedagogy, we can always slide tilt that continuum to include some of the ideas in andragogy, can't we? Of course we can. This is a really well put together website that provides quality information with the slogan, "The resources to thrive--and the laughs to survive--as an educator." Best site I've come across today- 9/10 rating.

    1. Andragogy – Adult Learning Theory (Knowles)

      This article provides a brief overview of Knowles Five Assumptions of Adult Learners. These assumptions, and accompanying principles, help provide a baseline for online adult education.

      Rating: 5/10

    1. Introduction to Malcolm Knowles's andragogy theory

      Nice! A great Linkedin video from consultant Jeff Toister explaining the differences between pedagogy and andragogy, including how to actually pronounce the two terms! I've never heard pedagogy or andragogy spoken by a human before and my internal pronunciation of the terms was way off, so now if I'm talking to a learned person about it, I will not sound like an idiot. Really well-done video. Rating 8/10.

    1. We found using concise videosin multiple ways built online immediacy in positive ways. Students reported, as a whole, that they found video recordings to increase their sense of instructor immediacy and motivation in the online classroom.

      The authors discuss the problem of teacher immediacy and presence in online courses. They propose that this problem must be solved as online instruction becomes increasingly popular. The researchers survey multiple students at Weber State University and present their process, results, and communication theory. They conclude that short videos tangibly increase instructor online presence. And, short videos directed at individual students have an even greater positive impact.

      Rating: 10/10

    1. Pedagogy, Andragogy, and Technology

      Just some basic information about andragogy, courtesy of our old friend Malcom Knowles. Very straightforward delivery meant for a reader unfamiliar with the gogys. The website itself is one geared toward women--perhaps a new form of educational delivery called matrigogy or feminigogy is in order? Very clean and well laid out website with a lot of information for women, from radio programs to sweepstakes. 7/10 rating.

    1. Andragogy and Self-Directed Learning:Pillars of Adult Learning Theory

      This chapter defines andragogy and reviews the early foundations of adult learning theory. Previous adult learning research performed with multiple constraints demonstrated that circumstance (education, training, health, speed of response) may have more of an impact in learning than age. Studies also revealed that age impacts the ability to perform some cognitive functions yet has little impact on others. While the characteristics of the adult learner have remained relatively consistent, perspectives in classifying the topic and its principles have varied. In discussion of self-directed learning, the authors address related objectives, ethos, self-directed attributes, and assessment methods. The authors report a decline in literature focused on self-directed learning within adult education and advocate for continued investigation and research. 8/10

    1. The educator’s role in self-directed learning

      Fostering self-directed learning through strategy is discussed by Bailey et al. (2019) in chapter 1 of “Self-Directed Learning for the 21st Century: Implications for Higher Education.” The authors review the changing role of the educator and the learner based on respective self-directed teaching strategies (problem-based learning, cooperative learning, process-oriented learning) and the learner’s propensity for self-directed learning. In addition to providing principles to promote self-directed learning, the Grow and Borich models for implementing said learning were briefly reviewed. 8/10

    1. Four themes emerged from analyzing three types of data: surveys, interviews, and access log files. These four themes that captured students' experience of VBL included: varying video use frequency, balancing time and level of understanding to achieve learning efficiency, manipulation of video functions to achieve learning efficiency, and reliance upon multiple tools.

      The authors of this article question the effectiveness of video-based online learning. The authors/researchers studied multiple undergraduate level online courses. Information was gathered via student surveys and interviews. The researchers present four themes found through the study, which include varying video use frequency, balancing time and level of understanding to achieve learning efficiency, manipulation of video functions to achieve learning efficiency, and reliance upon multiple tools.

      Rating: 5/10

    1. 10 Characteristics of Adult Learners & Instructional Methods Geared Towards Adult Learners

      This page from Albany Community College in New York covers the basic characteristics of adult learners, along with instructional methods used to teach them. Although most of these characteristics are well known to us grad students, it makes me proud to know that we adult learners are "more resilient to change" more "diverse than youth" and that adults "tend to be more motivated." The article ends with a quiz about the content. In retrospect, this is really just an assignment page from Albany CC. LOL 6/210 rating.

    1. but they should be engaging, because this leads to students beingmore motivated to learn and succeed.The possibilities of how students interact with content and with each other are greatly expanded in a hybrid course; just having themread articles online and then meet to discuss themin-class, for example, takes no real advantage of a class format that can otherwise be a transformative experience.

      This article, published by the College of DuPage, gives an introduction to hybrid learning environments. The authors outline the benefits of hybrid learning, how to utilize time wisely, the student experience (both in person and online), and how to structure and plan hybrid courses.

      Rating: 6/10

    1. The authors present a study focused the differences of blended versus traditional instruction in terms of student performance. The study evaluates 53 undergraduate students enrolled in a "Physical Education in Early Childhood" course. Twenty-nine students were placed in a traditional course and 24 students were placed in a blended "experimental" group. The researchers concluded that "students who attended the course with blended instruction show higher performance."

      Rating: 9/10

    1. Teaching with Web 2.0 Technologies: Benefits, Barriers and Lessons Learned

      In this article, the author defines Web 2.0 technology and use for Web 2.0 in higher education. Through a small study of educators, discovery includes advantages, obstacles, and general guidance for implementation of web 2.0 tools. The author supports use of Web 2.0 to supplement learning, not as a substitute for the educator. Technologies must be implemented strategically and purposefully. 7/10

    1. Using wikis for collaborative learning: Assessing collaboration through contribution

      Through a study of freshman students, the author aimed to determine the success of the Wiki for collaboration. Results revealed variances in learner responses and use of the tool. Lack of use was explained by individual barriers (family, social, work) and system barriers (wiki design). The authors conclude that for the Wiki to be an effective, collaborative tool, additional resources must be provided to the learner, and the Wiki must be meaningful in its design to foster that participation. 7/10

    1. Social Media and Networking Technologies: An Analysis of Collaborative Work and Team Communication

      Trends in Web 2.0 technologies and various networking modalities are briefly reviewed. Furthermore, advantages and barriers in the use of said technologies are discussed. Implementation of social media as a learning tool can be advantageous, however, it must supplement learning, not replace a structured environment. The educator should still remain present in the learning environment. And, he/she should provide appropriate support and training, as well as model, respective online tools to ensure efficacy. 6/10

    1. Wiki Use that Increases Communication and Collaboration Motivation

      (Click on download full text to read.) Through a cooperative learning assignment, University students responded to a case study that implemented use of a Wiki. Results demonstrate that Wiki is an effective communication and collaboration tool (access, structure, versioning) for all individuals (introvert, extrovert). Recommendations and considerations for use in the learning environment were provided. 6/10

    1. When incorporating videos into a lesson, it’s important to keep in mind the three key components of cognitive load, elements that impact engagement, and elements that promote active learning.

      The author, Cynthia Brame, is the Associate Director of the Vanderbilt University Center for Teaching and holds a Ph.D. in Education. In this article Brame recognizes the importance video has become in online and blended instruction. Brame suggests three things to consider when designing and implementing videos, which include cognitive load, non-cognitive elements that impact engagement, and features that promote active learning.

      Rating: 7/10

    1. 37Integrating Technologyinto Adult Learning

      Article explores the uses of technology and offers approaches to integrate technology into adult learning. It covers technology as curriculum, delivery mechanism, a complement to instruction, an instructional tool, among others. The benefits and limitations of each are also discussed. Rate: 8/10

    1. Technology Can Help Adult Learners Get the Most Out of Higher Ed

      (Available as transcript or podcast.) This article reviews the definition of the adult learner, identifying their particular learning needs and challenges. Considerations and recommendations for implementing technology are discussed (agnostic software, alleviate micro-frustrations). 5/10

    1. Instructional Design Approaches For Adult Learners

      (Available as text or podcast.) This article review adult learning theory, cognitive flexibility theory and accompanying design approaches (problem-based learning, collaborative learning). While it affirms strategies, it does little to address incorporation of technology. (2/10)

    1. How To Make Online Corporate Learning Fun During Lockdown

      (Available in text or audio.) This article provides basic principles (agenda, duration) and technologies (gamification, discussion boards) and activities to keep employees engaged in online learning. While this provides strategy, it does not provide implementation guidance within the corporate environment. (2/10)

    1. Technology Use and Integration in Adult Education and Literacy Classrooms Classrooms

      Article on challenges in technology integration such as issues with internet, mobile phone service, as well as financial. Rate: 6/10

    1. 10 Active Learning Methods for Super Engaged Corporate Learners

      This article reviews the concept of active learning and its need in today's workplace training. Ten strategies to promote active learning via technology are discussed (collaborative virtual classrooms, mind mapping, brainstorming, scavenger hunts, role play/simulation, problem-based learning, discussion boards, teach back, jigsaw technique, flipped classroom, game based learning). This is a good resource for active learning strategies. (5/10)

    1. Blended learning: Efficient, timely and cost effective

      (Click Download full-text PDF to read.) In this article, the authors discuss the blended learning instructional delivery method. Through case study, the authors demonstrate the benefits of blended course design. Furthermore, the article addresses potential detriments (financial, instructional design) of a blended course design. A brief review of considerations and recommendations for a blended design was provided. Though this article focuses on the relationship to forensic science, the information is applicable across disciplines and delivery venues (corporate, academic). (6/10)

    1. Creativity, Self-Directed Learning and the Architecture of Technology Rich Environments

      (Click Download full-text PDF to read). In this article, the authors reflect on the need to cultivate creativity and self-directed learning through transition from conventional course design to a more comprehensive design, which includes technology, problem solving, and collaboration. Moreover, the authors contend that measures of success should not be limited to traditional assessment methods. Barriers to the success of a self-directed design within the typical learning environment are mentioned. Through case study review, the authors demonstrate that strategic course design (educator, setting, technology, expectations) fosters development of the self-directed learner. Dynamics supporting the success of the technology-rich, creative, self-directed design were included. With a methodological approach that incorporates technology, problem-solving, teamwork, and educator support, self-directed behaviors emerge.(8/10)

    1. Technology to Promote Adult Literacy

      Chapter on technology to promote adult literacy which explores types of technologies available for teaching adult learners. There is a discussion on why and how such tools could improve adult learning as well as an approach for instructors. Rate: 8/10

    1. ADULT EDUCATION

      This document is from the Maryland department of labor and discusses the evolution of digital technology, digital literacy, and the framework for adult leaners. Rate: 6/10

  8. images.pearsonassessments.com images.pearsonassessments.com
    1. Technology in Action: The Role Technology Plays in Adult Basic Education, General Educational Development, English as a Second Language, and Workforce Development

      This article examines technology's role in adult education starting with the history of literacy and literacy and technology. Various methods of integrating technology are offered. Rate: 7/10

    1. Cognitive Presence “is the extent to which learners are able to construct and confirm meaning through sustained reflection and discourse” (Community of Inquiry, n.d, para. 5). Video is often used as a unidirectional medium with information flowing from the expert or instructor to the learner. To move from transmission of content to construction of knowledge, tools such as Voice Thread (VoiceThread, 2016) support asynchronous conversation in a multimedia format.

      The author, Kendra Grant, is the Director of Professional Development and Learning for Quillsoft in Toronto Canada. Grant helps business succeed in education design and support. In this article Grant discusses how quickly the learning environment has changed through technological development. Grant explores the RAT Model, which guides instructors in the "use of technology to help transform instructional practice." Grant then examines the Community of Inquiry model, which seeks to create meaningful instruction through social, cognitive and teaching presence. Grant concludes by providing general principles for creating a positive video presence.

      Rating: 8/10

    1. An Adult Learner Reflects on Technology in Higher Education

      This paper discusses experience as an adult learner with technology in higher education and the various resources used and explored in courses for undergrad and graduate. Rate 6/10

    1. Using adult learning principles in technology trainings

      Discusses the characteristics of adult learners such as how they use past experiences, are goal-oriented, are self-directed, among others. Rate: 7/10

    1. Adult Education in a Technological Society - Indiana ...

      This leads to a PDF of adult learning in a technological society and comes from Indiana University of Pennsylvania. It discusses the impact of technology on adult education. 7/10

    1. Multimedia principle. Providing words with pictures, images, or other graphics enhances learning relative to materials that include only words. While this principle pertains to texts with pictures, it also applies to videos, which include audio and video components.2. Modality principle. When combining visual and verbal materials, it is more effective to use audio than it is to use written text. Videos may be more effective when they present video in conjunction with audio narration as opposed to written text in the video.3. Contiguity principle. Multimedia materials are more effective when words and pictures/images/graphics occur in close proximity relative to when they do not occur in close proximity.4. Redundancy principle. Eliminating redundancy enhances the effectiveness of multimedia. For example, text may be redundant with audio narration, and such redundant text should be eliminated.5. Coherence principle. Adding flashy but unnecessary illustrations to multimedia can be distracting, reducing coherence and thereby reducing learning.6. Personalization principle. Using a conversational style (e.g., in narration) can be more beneficial relative to a more formal presentation style.

      This article compiles research into educational videos with respect to SDL (although SDL is never mentioned directly). The authors discuss the impact of educational videos, student engagement, the role of critical thinking and knowledge development, and effective design and presentation.

      Rating: 8/10

    1. Practical Applications of Technology Integration in the Adult Education Classroom

      This article discusses ways to integrate technology into classrooms for adult learners. It goes over various resources and the experiences with resources such as the Technology Integration Initiative, Google, and others. Rate: 6/10

    1. TECHNOLOGY TO REACH NEW LEARNERS:SERVING THE UNDERSERVED

      This document discusses how investments in technology can accelerate adult learning. Technology reaches further that before and can extend learning and provide differentiated instruction.

    1. Investigating self-directed learning and technology readiness in blending learning environment

      Article primarily deals with blended learning environments and the effectiveness of SDL as leveraged through technology-enabled forms of communication. Other topics addressed include technology readiness and student motivation levels. Findings indicate technology has a positive effect on learning outcomes. Rating 7/10.

    1. 1Engaging Adults Learners with Technology

      Discussion of what an adult learner is, provides a framework for teaching adults, goes over Knowls' six key characteristics of adult learners, and offers best practices. Rate: 7/10

    1. Andragogy and Technology: Integrating Adult Learning Theory As We Teach With Technology

      Article discusses the ways that adult learning theory can be applied to the design of technology-rich learning environments. Discussion of andragogy is relevant and helpful. Rating 6/10

    2. Knowles, Holton, and Swanson emphasize that “adults resent and resist situations in which they feel others are imposing their wills on them.” (1998, 65) In spite of their need for autonomy, previous schooling has made them dependent learners. It is the job of the adult educator to move adult students away from their old habits and into new patterns of learning where they become self-directed, taking responsibility for their own learning and the direction it takes. Technology is a perfect path for the facilitation of self-direction. The ultimate ability of initiatives such as web-based learning to be non-linear allows an adult to follow the path that most appropriately reflects their need to learn. It becomes extremely important for those who are designing technology-based adult learning to use all of the capabilities of the technology including branching, the ability to skip sections a student already understands, and multiple forms of presentation of material which can assist people with various learning styles. All of these can be used to permit studentsto follow a path of learning that most appropriately suits them.

      The author, Delores Fidishun, is the Head Librarian at Penn State Abington College and holds a doctorate in education. This article proposes that just adding technology to instruction is not enough. It must be intentional. Fidishun summarizes six assumptions of andragogy which include the learner's need to know, the learner's self-concept, the role of the learner's experience, a student's readiness to learn, the student's orientation to learning, and the student's motivation to learn.

      Rating: 7/10

    3. Andragogy and Technology: Integrating Adult Learning Theory As We Teach With Technology

      Discusses how to integrate andragogy while using technology in teaching and using principles of andragogy when designing technology-based instruction. Rate: 8/10

    1. Considering that one of the most significant factors of online course quality is instructor presence and interpersonal interaction,4 one of the benefits video can offer is creating faculty presence in an online environment. In the interviews, students cited faculty presence as a key factor related to their engagement and perceived learning from videos. Humor and wit were described positively. Participants also mentioned the benefits of adding personable context to a subject; for instance, faculty members giving examples from their professional experiences about subject material. As one student explained, "The reading is very didactic or academic, but the videos are very real-case scenarios. The instructor narrates: 'How do you take that academic learning into the real world? What does that mean when you're looking at these financial statements?'" Another participant offered: "[The videos] are better than just reading the material because it has more of that human element."

      Melanie Hibbert, the Director of Instructional Media & Technology and Media Center at Barnard College in New York City, writes about what is necessary for good online instructional videos. Hibbert discusses media at Columbia University, methods for creating videos, an what analytics tell us. She concludes by describing the importance of instructor presence more so than the production quality of videos.

      Rating: 9/10

    1. Principles of Adult Learning & Instructional Systems Design

      Article discusses adult learning theory as it relates to cognitive, affective, and behavioral domains, as well as learning styles, e.g., visual, auditory, kinesthetic learning styles. The authors explores implications for instructional design practice. Rating 6/10

    2. Good instructional design is based on the industry-standard Instructional System Design (ISD) model. The ISD model comprises five stages—analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation—and is a systems approach to instructional design in that it views “human organizations and activities as systems in which inputs, outputs, processes (throughputs), and feedback and control elements are the salient features.”

      This article discusses visual, auditory, and kinesthetic learning styles and the importance of communicating in ways that appeal each style. It then outlines what this means for the Instructional System Design (ISD) model. The author concludes by outlining learning outcomes, organization, interactive instruction, and content versus connection versus application. The author proposes that "good instructional design is based on the industry-standard Instructional System Design (ISD) model" (p 5).

      Rating: 7/10

    1. Interesting article about how higher ed enrollment of adult and part time learners actually peaked in the early 1990s and how institutions of higher learning need to do a better job of serving that particular population, and not just by increasing marketing to that population. The article suggests more work experience connectivity, service learning opportunities, employer partnerships, and non-degree pathways to increase opportunities for adult learners. A well-constructed website that has little clutter and offers a plethora of information concerning higher education. 9/10 rating.

    1. New MIT Work of the Future Research Explores How Work-Based Learning and Online Education Are Key Elements of Adult Training

      Very topical and interesting read about how the job market and related technologies may be restructured in light of the Covid pandemic. The article is more like an annotated bibliography that includes links to the briefs prepared for the study and a short summary of them. A very cool website with little fluff and plenty of useful tools. 9/10 rating.

    1. Integrating Digital Toolsfor Adult Learners: Four Critical Factors

      Discusses four critical factors in integrating digital tools for adult learners. Touches on blended learning implementation models in adult learning.

    1. What You Need to Know about Adult Learning

      This government website is actually not as dry and mundane as one would expect. The article covers training as opposed to education, which you would expect from the Occupational Health and Safety Administration. The website is full of useful information, articles, safety standards, products and resources related to work safety. Rating 8/10.

    1. Integrating Technology

      Site to access resources for state adult education staff and provides articles and various resources in a collection or state resources. Information on instructional strategies, digital strategies, engaging adult learners, technology for adult education, etc. Rate 7/10

    1. Creating an Effective Online InstructorPresence

      This article was published by the Community College Research Center Teacher's College at Columbia University in New York City. The article examines what an effective online instructor looks like. The authors discuss how research indicates online instructors "make minimal use of interactive technologies." They then outline how instructors can use lectures, homework assignments, discussion boards, chat sessions, and lab activities in an interactive online course.

      Rating: 8/10

    1. 15 Fall Scenarios

      The authors, Edward J. Maloney and Joshua Kim, wrote a total of 15 articles describing various scenarios for the university learning environment during COVID-19. This article summarizes each of these more detailed plans including "normal" and moving the Fall term to the Spring. They also describe various learning models including HyFlex, modularity, virtual, and remote.

      Rating: 7/10

    1. In his groundbreaking work in the 1950’s and 60’s Dr. Knowles determined that learning in adults was most effective when the environment included factors of:• Respect• Safety• Immediacy• Relevance• EngagementIn other words adults learn best when they feel that they are being respected, their prior experience is acknowledged and respected, they feel safe in the environment, can see the immediate applicability of the learning to something that is relevant to their lives, and engaged in the learning process - are learning by doing. Dr. Knowles research further showed that adults remember:• 20% of what they hear.• 40% of what they see and hear.• 80% of that they do!

      The author gives a short introduction to the concept of effective adult learning followed by some generalizations (highlighted). They then describe "12 Principles for Effective Adult Teaching & Learning." Finally, the author follows up with multiple practical ideas educators can use to reinforce adult learning.

      Rating: 7/10

    1. Studying these articles on ubiquitous learning, the following six elements could be identified: (a) Permanency in a u-learning environment implies for instance that the work is recorded continuously and saved until deleted (b) Accessibility implies anytime, anywhere availability of the learning environment (c) Immediacy implies learning environments with immediate access to information (d) Interactivity implies that the learning environment supports both synchronous and a-synchronous interaction with experts, teachers or peers (e) Situating of instructional activities implies that the learning is embedded in real life situations. (f) Adaptability implies access to the right information, at the right time, right place and right way.

      This article seeks to identify "elements of self-directed learning that should be integrated into a ubiquitous learning environment." The authors outline five elements of a ubiquitous learning environment that support SDL. These include learner control, self-regulating learning strategies, reflection, interaction with the social world and interaction with the physical world. The authors identify multiple elements of a ubiquitous SDL learning environment.

      Rating: 7/10

      Also see: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Self-directed-adult-learning-in-a-ubiquitous-%3A-A-Theunissen-Stubb%C3%A9/c9b0153ebb207c2c64695b18352d69225708fefd?p2df

    1. The Wired Classroom: Leveraging Technology to Engage Adult Learners

      Interesting article discussing how innovative uses of technology can be used to engage adult learners. Author discusses social media platforms (Twitter), simulations, and how to leverage an LMS. Rating 3/10

    1. The Adult Learning Theory - Andragogy - of Malcolm Knowles

      Article provides a basic explanation of Knowles' Adult Learning Theory and 4 major principles of andragogy. Author discusses Knowles' assumptions of adult learners. Helpful exploration of application of andragogy frameworks to personal computer training. Rating 5/10

    1. Online learning, blended learning, flipped learning, hybrid learning, flexible learning, open learning and distance education are all terms that are often used inter-changeably, but there are significant differences in meaning. More importantly, these forms of education, once considered somewhat esoteric and out of the mainstream of conventional education, are increasingly taking on greater significance and in some cases becoming mainstream themselves. As teachers and instructors become more familiar and confident with online learning and new technologies, there will be more innovative methods developing all the time.

      The author, Anthony Bates, holds a BA in Psychology and a Ph.D. in Educational Administration. He holds over 40 years of teaching experience. In this chapter he proposes online learning is a mode of delivery versus a teaching method. In this chapter Bates compares teaching delivery methods, defines which mode students need, and weighs in on the choice between face-to-face and online teaching.

      Rating: 10/10

    1. 10 Characteristics Of A Highly Effective Learning Environment

      The author, Terry Heick, is the founder and director of TeachThought.com and holds an MA in Teaching. In this article Heick elaborates on the following 10 characteristics of a highly effective learning environment: Students ask more questions than teachers Questions are valued over answers Ideas come from divergent sources A variety of learning models are used Classroom learning 'empties' into a connected community Learning is personalized by a variety of criteria Assessment is persistent, authentic, transparent, and never punitive Criteria for success is diverse, transparent, and co-created with students and families Learning habits are constantly modeled Constant and creative opportunities for practice and growth

      Rating: 8/10

    1. HyFlex courses can be deceptively difficult to do well. The technology and the curriculum must align, and the technology needs to work consistently for everyone, which requires testing and possibly new installations or upgrades. The learning must be equivalent for all students, guaranteeing that no student is at a disadvantage due to the learning pathway chosen. Instructors must be comfortable and effective with asynchronous teaching; those who are not can easily underestimate the amount of effort and interaction necessary to engage with online students.

      This article was published by EDUCAUSE, a well respected non-profit organization whose mission is "to advance higher education through the use of information technology." The article provides a well rounded view of the HyFlex asynchronous learning environment. The author discusses what HyFlex is, its significance, the downsides, where asynchronous learning is going, and the implications for teaching and learning.

      Rating: 6/10

    1. Big hat and no cattle? The implications of MOOCs for the adult learning landscape

      Article critiques the "big sell" of MOOCs claiming that MOOCs are an oversell in terms of access and change in educational practice. Author explores these assertions though the lens of andragogy, ultimately finding that while there is potential in MOOCs, these environments are not being utilized to their greatest potential. Rating 8/10

    1. Characteristics of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs): A Research Review, 2009-2012.

      Full article available on EDSCO.

      Article presents characteristics of MOOCs such as varied definitions of "openness," barriers to completion, and structure. Concept of MOOCs is connectivist by design, yet researchers found that pedagogical application typically takes one of two approaches: either directed instruction stemming from cognitive-behaviorist or social constructivism. Rating 7/10

    1. Adult MOOC Learners as Self-Directed: Perceptions of Motivation, Success, and Completion

      Article explores learners' perspectives about their motivation and success in a four-week MOOC. Author states that while much attention has been given to the study of MOOCs very little of that research has leveraged participants interpretations of their personal experiences. This article delivers information about MOOC learners' motivations and goals for participation in a MOOC. Article interprets these factors from the perspective of SDL and self-determination frameworks. Rating 7/10

    1. Author explores characteristics of adult learners respective to online learning environments. Andragogy is discussed as a theory, along with SDL and transformational and experiential learning. Author applies theory to design of physical environments to produce optimal circumstances for adult learning. Rating 8/10

    1. Empowering older adults’ informal, self-directed learning: harnessing the potential of online personal learning networks

      Article discusses informal, personal learning networks as they relate to older, adult learners and self-directed study. Author questions how and why adults turn to internet and social media tools for knowledge acquisition. Concedes a lack of research in regard to adults' use of internet-based tools. Defines older adults as 60+. Rating 7/10

    1. Impact of technostress on academic productivity of university students

      Articles explores implications of technostress on the productivity of university students (18-28). According to the authors, increased use of technology (MOOCs, digital exams, etc.) have negative repercussions, such as technostress - developing from the need to develop ICT skills. Rating 7/10

    1. Self-Directed Learning:  A Key Component of Adult Learning Theory Geri Manning

      Article offers a discussion of SDL as component of adult learning theory. Useful discussion of conceptual framework and literature review. Characteristics of SD learners are explored. Concludes with some implications for the study of adult learning. Rating 7/10

    1. Andragogy (Malcolm Knowles)

      Article discusses andragogy according to Knowles. Note: states that andragogy is an attempt to develop a theory. Limited information here. Rating 2/10

    1. Adult learning theories: Implications for learning and teaching

      Article provides an in depth discussion of learning theories as applied to adult learners. Diagrams are particularly helpful. Clear discussion of Knowles, i.e., how adult and child learning differs. Rating 8/10

    1. Insights 3 Adult Learning Theories Every E-Learning Designer Must Know

      Adult learning theories for Instructional Designers - Article names adult learning "theories" (andragogy, neuroscience, experiential learning, SDL, and transformational learning). Discusses why these "theories" are relevant to ID. Rating 3/10

    1. Description: Students in four different college level science classes were asked to complete concept maps then reflect on their helpfulness. A majority of the students in endocrinology found concept maps useful while students in neurobiology disagreed. Students were also allowed to state why they felt positively or negatively towards the activity. Through the survey, they found students wanted an answer key, more discussion with peers, and less terms to place on their concept maps. In the conclusion, the authors state concept maps must be appropriately designed for the end goal of the class, there must be adequate feedback from the professor, and students should see the relevance of the topic for the concept map.

      Rating: 7/10

      Reasoning for the rating: The article clearly explains the study and the results. Additionally, the article includes charts and graphs to help readers visiualize the information. This study only uses the data from the surveys and does not delve into the actual usefulness of concept maps as a study guide.

    1. Description: Researchers asked students in a second language class to complete a research video assignment. Students reflected the research helped them gain key insights and a feeling of self-confidence. This self-confidence was tested as they attempted to incorporate the second language which pushed many students out of their comfort zone. Students found ways to simplify the content so they could explain their research in the second language. Due to the video presentation format, students were able to practice their language repeatedly which helped them grasp the vocabulary. As a whole, the student felt as if they learned more content and vocabulary with the video assignment.

      Rating: 8/10

      Reason for the Rating: The data received from the research was survey based therefore it included more opinions rather than facts. It would have been interesting to see student's final grades or test scores and compare them to previous semesters. The article is well supported with facts and quotes.

    1. Description: Silver-Pacuilla discusses the use of assistive technology in small tutoring groups. Students belonging to these groups are adults and have a learning disability related towards literacy. The conclusion was assistive technology can help bridge the literacy gap if used in small group settings

      Rating: 6/10

      Reason for the rating: Great discussion about students with learning disabilities. It tackles both the pros and the cons of technology, but this setting is for tutoring groups rather than classes.

    1. Description: The authors discuss the use of podcasts to engage undergraduate students and aid in their test scores. The goal of the study was to have a teacher create podcasts of their lectures for students to listen to outside of class. Though the study found no correlation between exam scores and podcasts, the majority of the students did utilize them for studying and found them useful.

      Rating: 8/10

      Reasoning for the rating: The scope of my proposal will be using audiobooks or podcasts in a general English literature class. Though this discusses the use of podcasts for a large lecture based class, it is focused at biology rather than literature. Yet, the study is comprehensive about the influence on the podcasts on student's test scores.

    1. Description: Researchers broke students into three different groups and presented the same information to students using different materials. One group was given only an e-book, another the audio-book, and the final group had access to both. They found no great correlation between comprehension and the modality which the information is given in.

      Rating: 9/10

      Reason for the rating: This test was given to college students about a non-fiction text which they were unfamiliar with. Students were randomly placed in their groups and the data analysis looks reputable. The information given in this text shows that audiobooks can be as effective as text in regards to comprehension. This will be valuable for the my proposal to incorporate audiobooks into English Literature classes.

    1. Lei, Simon A., et al. "Strategies for improving reading comprehension among college students." Reading Improvement, vol. 47, no. 1, Spring 2010, p. 30+. Gale Academic OneFile, https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A221203907/AONE?u=azstatelibdev&sid=AONE&xid=6ed72e73. Accessed 12 Oct. 2020.

      Description: This article delves into the importance of comprehension and vocabulary for college level students. It outlines different tools students can use online to help them comprehend such as annotations and graphic organizers.

      Rating: 9/10

      Reasoning for the rating: This article uses many sources as it describes the methods to best comprehend complex texts. It also takes time to explain the importance of comprehension in English classes as well as outside. It supports each method with an example or explanation for the success of the model. Though it touches upon ineffective methods, it does not delve into why they fail.

    1. Description: Banner discusses the correlation between literacy blogs and reading comprehension in students. He outlines the relationship between socialization and motivation. Furthermore, he describes the steps a teacher can use to implement literature blogs in their classroom.

      Rating: 7/10

      Reason for the rating: Banner uses multiple sources to support his theories and methods. The examples given in the text are well-thought out, but focus on middle school and high school students. Additionally, the website "Emerging Ed Tech" is designed to be a space where educators can discuss how to integrate technology effectively in their classrooms.