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Randomly ran across a great tag full of education resources...

Seems to be related to this class:<br /> ETC 556 - Contexts And Methods Of Technology In Adult Education

Description: This course is designed for adult educators in the various contexts, including: higher education, military, non-profit, health and business settings. Through research, readings and collaborative activities, students will gain an understanding of various adult learning methods that include, but are not limited to, training, professional development, performance improvement, online and mobile learning. Letter grade only.

https://catalog.nau.edu/Courses/course?courseId=011553&catalogYear=2223

chrome-extension://bjfhmglciegochdpefhhlphglcehbmek/pdfjs/web/viewer.html?file=https%3A%2F%2Ffiles.eric.ed.gov%2Ffulltext%2FED611609.pdf 4/10

I would expect a student seeking training in a field that deals with saving lives would have an adequate degree of self-directed learning 5/10

-I will download the full article in EBSCO

-This article will give me insight into how the self-determination theory helped with student engagement during the online learning they received during covid pandemic.

-rating 7/10

Chiu, T. K. (2022). Applying the self-determination theory (SDT) to explain student engagement in online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 54(sup1), S14-S30.

This article will provide me with insight into how the use of technology has changed in the grade school education system based on principals' perspectives.

rating 8/10

Ugur, N. G., & Koç, T. (2019). Leading and Teaching with Technology: School Principals' Perspective. International Journal of Educational Leadership and Management, 7(1), 42-71.

-I will download this full article through EBSCO

-This article will provide me with teaching strategies that use technology in elementary reading lessons.

-rating 8/10

McDermott, P., & Gormley, K. A. (2016). Teachers’ use of technology in elementary reading lessons. Reading Psychology, 37(1), 121-146.

This article will provide me with insight on the views elementary teachers have on design, engineering and technology.

rating 8/10

Hsu, M. C., Purzer, S., & Cardella, M. E. (2011). Elementary teachers’ views about teaching design, engineering, and technology. Journal of Pre-College Engineering Education Research (J-PEER), 1(2), 5.

This article will provide me insight into teaching with technology at the elementary school level.

rating 6/10

Varol, F. (2013). Elementary School Teachers and Teaching with Technology. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology-TOJET, 12(3), 85-90.

• I will download the full article through EBSCO.

-This article will provide me with examples of how transformative learning theory can be put into practice in higher education settings and its limitations.

-rating 7/10

Christie, M., Carey, M., Robertson, A., & Grainger, P. (2015). Putting transformative learning theory into practice. Australian journal of adult learning, 55(1), 9-30.

This article will provide me with an overview of the experiential learning theory and how it can be applied to higher education settings.

-rating 8/10

Kolb, A. Y., & Kolb, D. A. (2017). Experiential learning theory as a guide for experiential educators in higher education. Experiential Learning & Teaching in Higher Education, 1(1), 7-44.

-I will download the full article through EBSCO.

-This article will give me perspective on the limitations of current research on teaching and learning with technology in higher education settings.

-rating 8/10

Kirkwood, A., & Price, L. (2013). Examining some assumptions and limitations of research on the effects of emerging technologies for teaching and learning in higher education. British Journal of Educational Technology, 44(4), 536-543.

-This article will provide me with insight as to faculty's attitudes towards adopting new technologies and incorporating them in higher education settings.

-rating 7/10

John, S. P. (2015). The integration of information technology in higher education: A study of faculty's attitude towards IT adoption in the teaching process. Contaduría y administración, 60, 230-252.

-I will download the full article through EBSCO.

-This article provides an overview of how midwestern university professors use technology and teaching pedagogies to teach online courses.

-rating 7/10

Benson, S. N. K., & Ward, C. L. (2013). Teaching with technology: Using TPACK to understand teaching expertise in online higher education. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 48(2), 153-172.

-I will download the full article through EBSCO.

-This article provides an overview of how midwestern university professors use technology and teaching pedagogies to teach online courses.

-rating 7/10

-I will download the full article in EBSCO.

-This article will provide me with insight into whether the use of technology in higher education classrooms is effective.

-rating 6/10

Price, L., & Kirkwood, A. (2014). Using technology for teaching and learning in higher education: A critical review of the role of evidence in informing practice. Higher Education Research & Development, 33(3), 549-564.

-I will download the full article through EBSCO.

-This article provides insight to students perspectives of how they learned with technology in their higher education classrooms.

-rating 7/10

Milliken, J., & Barnes, L. P. (2002). Teaching and technology in higher education: student perceptions and personal reflections. Computers & Education, 39(3), 223-235.

• I will download the full article through EBSCO.

-This article will provide me with insight on how to use technology to teach in higher education settings. This presents what conceptual change means and how it has been used in higher education settings.

-rating 6/10

Englund, C., Olofsson, A. D., & Price, L. (2017). Teaching with technology in higher education: understanding conceptual change and development in practice. Higher Education Research & Development, 36(1), 73-87.

-This article will provide me insight on what excellent teaching looks like in higher education settings.

-rating 6/10

Gourlay, L., & Stevenson, J. (2017). Teaching excellence in higher education: Critical perspectives. Teaching in Higher Education, 22(4), 391-395.

-This article will provide me with an overview of the learning theory known as student involvement and how it can be used in higher education settings.

-rating 7/10

Astin, A. W. (1984). Student involvement: A developmental theory for higher education. Journal of college student personnel, 25(4), 297-308.

-I will download full article through EBSCO.

-This article will provide me with insight on the evaluation of competence-based teaching theory in higher education and how it is put into practice.

-rating 8/10

Bergsmann, E., Schultes, M. T., Winter, P., Schober, B., & Spiel, C. (2015). Evaluation of competence-based teaching in higher education: From theory to practice. Evaluation and program planning, 52, 1-9.

-I will download the full article through EBSCO.

-This article will provide me with insight into how to use technology for teaching and learning in higher education settings.

-rating 8/10

Kukulska-Hulme, A. (2012). How should the higher education workforce adapt to advancements in technology for teaching and learning?. The Internet and Higher Education, 15(4), 247-254.

-I will download the full article in EBSCO.

-This article will provide me with information on the popular learning theory of social constructivism and its benefits.

-rating 7/10

Stigmar, M. (2016). Peer-to-peer teaching in higher education: A critical literature review. Mentoring & Tutoring: partnership in learning, 24(2), 124-136.

-I will download full article in EBSCO.

-This article will give me some insight on what technology- enhanced learning means and how it has been incorporated in higher education settings.

rating 7/10

Kirkwood, A., & Price, L. (2014). Technology-enhanced learning and teaching in higher education: what is ‘enhanced’and how do we know? A critical literature review. Learning, media and technology, 39(1), 6-36.

This resource discusses a framework for coaching that can support teacher development. The paper goes into how coaching pertains to education and teaching, the description of the framework and how to use the model. Rating: 7/10

This resource discusses how instructional coaching can be beneficial for teachers professional learning. This provides how coaching can work for teachers and how it can be done effectively. Rating: 7/10

This resource discusses how to effectively coach teachers to improve their practice. It provides a framework for effective coaching practices. Rating: 8/10

This resource discusses six different learning theories for adult learning and how to use them in your practice. This can be used for professional development and help you find a solution on which theory you can use that will fit your learning environment. Rating: 8/10

This resource discusses instructional coaching for professional development for teachers. It discusses the frameworks and what it is important. Rating: 7/10

This resource discusses the emerging theories and online learning environments for adult learning. It discusses how to create online learning environments for adults, the students roles and how the instructors should be trained. Rating: 8/10

This resource discusses how online learning can be utilized for designing online courses for adult learners. It discusses Malcolm Knowles' theory of andragogy and discusses each principle. Rating: 8/10

This book discusses technology and innovation in adult learning. The different chapters go more in depth on how technology is a new foundation for learning, how scaffolding is an essential skill, discusses andragogy and different e-Learning models. Rating: 8/10

This resource is a research article about how constructivism can be used for adult learners in online learning environments. It also provides guidelines for using the constructivist approach in online learning for adults. Rating: 10/10

This resource discusses how to use technology-enhanced learning in coaching. This is a great resource for educators who want to develop professional developments for teachers to use technology to aid in learning. Rating: 7/10

This resource discusses how developers can create digital learning opportunities for adult leaners. It discusses andragogy, experiential learning, self-directed learning, transformational learning, and neuroscience. Rating: 9/10

This resource describes how instructional designers can use different adult learning theories to enhance learning experiences. Rating: 6/10

This resource discusses personal coaching and how it can help educators create a model for active, collaborative, authentic, and engaging learning. It describes what personal coaching is and how to use it in educational settings. Rating: 6/10

The chapter in this book discusses technologies that support adult literacy. Using technology in adult education and using new approaches will have its benefits when it is better understood and can enhance instructional approaches. Rating: 7/10

This article discusses the challenges that instructors can face in adult education due to minimal internet and limited professional development. Rating: 5/10

This resource gives factors on how to use teach adults to incorporate technology to enhance learning experiences. There are 4 factors: implementation models, how to use data, supporting a rich technology infrastructure, and supporting the evolving role of the instructor. This resource gives best practices for technology integration. Rating: 10/10

This resource helps adults use technology more effectively in a learning environment. This provides strategies on how to use technology and make it enjoyable. Rating: 10/10

This resource will help with my coaching/professional development on how teachers can effectively use technology in their classroom. It discusses how to integrate technology, the importance, and how to use it. Rating: 6/10

This resource gives a description of foundations in adult learning theory, discusses behaviorism, social development theory, and critical reflection. Knowledge in these theories can help set a foundation for an enriched online learning experience. Rating: 7/10

Study that describes learning strategies for adults to use and to engage in an online auction process. The findings can be great for researching learning strategies for adults.

The authors spend time noting and comparing new perspectives between andragogy and pedagogy. The authors compare teaching strategies and personality types. They conclude by defining several rules observed for e-learning in adult education.

Rating: 7/10

Note: https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1013743

(Click Download full text to read.) In this brief article, the authors contrast the child and adult learner. Highlighting the adult learner's characteristics, the article further discusses factors that might affect the individual learning style. Furthermore, the authors discuss these styles in the context of eLearning (extravert, introvert, sensory type, intuitive adult, reflexive type, affective type, rational type, and perceptive type). Each learning type and preferred eLearning method is illustrated (Table 1, p. 60). Rationale for the implementation of eLearning is detailed (p. 61). Guidelines for the use of eLearning is discussed. (6/10)

Description: The authors discuss the usage of blogs in political science classrooms at a university level. There are five skills (critical thinking, political awareness, background research, essay writing, and reflection) which are improved through the use of blogging and the article dedicates a segment to each skill. The last section of the article discusses two types of blogging students can attempt: response to news clippings or experiential blogging. The first kind is available to all students and requires learners to find and respond to news articles. The second is more reflective of a current opportunity students might have such as studying abroad or an internship.

Rating: 7/10

Reason for the rating: The article gives detailed explanations for the impact blogging has on student achievement. It gives examples of each type of blogging to help the reader fully understand the writers ideas. Yet, the article focuses only on political science students while blogs-- and four out of the five skills mentioned above-- can be applies to the majority of university classes.

Technology can be used in adult learning environments to support concrete representation abstract (CRA) progression. This site gives an example of what that might look like. In the concrete stage students have to learn by doing and virtual environments can give them the experience of doing. Online simulations can also provide that experience. Tools for creating concept maps or infographics help students in the representational stage. When students need to apply knowledge in the abstract stage they can use technology to create videos, conduct interviews, or record podcasts. This was a different view of technology integration than I had read about from other sources and it is something I found helpful when thinking about integrating technology. The author researches online pedagogy and technology and teaches future teachers. 10/10

Metacognition will be studied as it relates to self- regulated learning.

Gamification, that is, adding game features to an otherwise dry college course, helped get students engaged. Leaderboards were more effective than badges and points and for a longer time. People did seem to lose interest in the game after a while. 8/10

Yes that was the impression I hot. Because of this misconception I feel that many of us students sometimes hold... Reality is that real students feel real anxiety in the midst of sharing information.

Adult Learning often takes place within walls or in front of a computer screen this can lead to health problems. This article offers reasons and methods for getting adults outdoors and using Universal Design. Outdoor learning can be used to complement digital learning.

Give practical information and tips for teaching adults.

This has good suggestions about 5 steps in writing a research paper: choosing a research question, brainstorming, finding sources, note taking, and citations. The tips are aimed at children, but are still good. She skipped the step of actually writing the paper, though. 8/10.

I really like how I have this piece of "evidence " that apparently is so tangible. Things like this I place in a visible area for my adult learners to see.

Using Socratic questioning in distance learning help students show more critical thinking skills and they maintained them. This article streangthens that idea that Socratic qwuestions makes better learners.

9/10

An in depth read that has plenty of sources and data to back its findings that peer evaluation has many positive impacts on learning when done the correct way.

8/10

Activity Thoery: who is doing what, why and how, looks at how people carry out tasks. The theory is mainly used in research, it can also be used when doing a needs assessment to figure design purposeful training.

8/10

Good article about the importance of Universal Design when designing learning opportunities. The authors use plenty of strong sources to back their findings and keep the information concise.

9/10

A followup to studies of community college students in Virginia and Washington, this national study found that students who enrolled in online classes early in their college careers were more likely to complete their degrees. This was true even though students in online classes are somewhat less prepared than those in in person classes. One difference may be that this study was published a few years after the Virginia one, and more students were enrolled in online classes by then. 9/10

This short article links Anderson and McCormick's pedagogical principles for online learning with Knowles' andragogical assumptions about adult learning. 8/10

According to a study done across all Virginia Community Colleges, students who signed up for gatekeeper courses (basic English and Math) online did less well in those courses than did their peers who took the same classes in person. There was a higher attrition rate in the online classes as well. Students who came in with good GPAs tended to do well in online courses, but those who were struggling with academics did worse than they probably would have in person. Many statistics are included. 9/10

The authors discuss the issue of community and engagement in online graduate programs. They carried out a small case study and used a Cognitive Apprenticeship Model to examine a successful program in Higher Education. They found that students feel too many online classes are just reading and writing, regurgitating rather than applying, and lack sufficient connection with the instructor and with other students, They recommend some strategies to fix that, but admit that more work is needed. 9/10

The authors outline four general research goals, and then go into detail on some of the questions that should be researched within those areas. They then suggest four methodologies to use in designing students to research those questions: formative, developmental, and experimental research and activity theory. All of these could help include online learning in terms of learner achievement, engagement, and retention. 9/10

This looks at the application of technology in career and technical education programs for adults. It looks at how and how often technology is used in these programs. 8/10, interesting and focused on technical education unlike most articles.

This article talks about why, when institutions have prioritized and invested a lot of money in teaching adults to utilize technology in the classroom, there are very little successful instances of integration of technology in classrooms. 5/10, not particularly interesting to me and targeted towards a specific group of adult learners.

This article uses educational theory to examine why educators feel anxiety in association with learning and using new technologies and how best to teach new technologies without triggering anxiety. 7/10, good discussion of theories and methods along with reasoning.

This article presents a model of technology integration at the system level formed around mentoring. It focuses on effective methods of teacher professional development in the area of technology integration and discusses overcoming various obstacle teachers face during adult learning/ education. 6/10, very narrow focus of adult learners.

This article examines the effectiveness of learning communities to support integration of technology into classrooms and effective teacher growth in the area of technology proficiencies. 5/10, learning community findings are useful but this source is very targeted towards a specific group of adult learners.

This article looks at individual adult learning in technological spaces. It speaks about using appropriate andragogical platforms for adult education. 8/10 interesting and highly related to this class.

This article focuses on using adult education theory to integrate technology into vocational education. This expands adult learning opportunities to community colleges and trade schools. 8/10 interesting and different from an equity and accessibility standpoint.

This article emphasizes the importance of creating online programs that have learning objectives that correspond to learners' real-world needs. It examines Knowles' Andragogical Model to provide guidelines for incorporating adult learning principles into course design. 10/10, very good blend of strategy and theory.

This article examines and gives bit of information from a book covering the intersection of adult learning and technology innovation. 4/10, while there is information here it is certainly not the entire book and therefore incomplete. It does serve as a quick and accessible alternative for those seeking the books information but lacking the time/ access to read the book.

This article looks at yet another new technology that has the potential to revolutionize the adult learning field. It examines the results of teaching educators about digital game design for technology integration. It looked at integrating this technology into science classrooms in particular. 9/10, very interesting new technology with lots of potential implications in the adult learning field.

This article is on the cutting edge of educational technology. It discusses the potential benefits of augmented or enriched reality in education. While this article focuses on studies conducted using teaching practices in a college classroom with college students, it is reasonable to assume that this technology would have great potential for adult education too. 9/10 extremely exciting and interesting potential future technology for adult education.

This article (or at least the section of it presented here) describes one institutions 5-phase model of virtual learning . It examines the state of teacher preparation and professional development in terms of technology and determines that while progress is being made, it is slow and needs to be implemented and focused on more. 4/10, the article itself is not great but it does include an extensive list of references that may be of use later.

This article examines the potential to connect academic with knowledge learned through life and career experience using technology and other traditional methods. Challenges and best practices are presented and all levels of individual and institution are included in the discussion. Rating 8/10. Very interesting idea and cool how many levels of organization are included.

A truly enjoyable read about specific environmental factors and their effect on learning in adult zebra fish. Although the study was done on fish, it is known that this particular contaminant effects humans as well in many ways, including in intelligence. The fact that this contaminant was found to effect learning and memory in adult fish reminds us to consider multiple aspects when constructing educational environments. Physical location and learning environment can greatly impact adult learning outcomes and is rarely talked about in adult learning theory papers. 10/10 for interest, 1/10 for relevance to this class.

This article looks at the gap between teacher efficiency in in-person versus online teaching and the need to effectively build teachers' competencies in the are of technology to ensure teachers are not incompetent at teaching online. This study collected data from 122 English language teachers and used the findings to create a blueprint for other institutions hoping to increases teachers' ability to successfully integrate technology into their lessons. 6/10, the study was too small to be truly persuasive scientifically and the findings were more helpful for institutions rather than individual educators.

In this article both socratic and invisible integration approaches of technology in adult education are examined in an effort to propose a framework for future adult learning communities. Rating is 2/10, this article is much older than anticipated (somehow snuck through the date filter) and was rather outdated given how much technology has changed.

This article takes on the challenge of investigating what role social media technologies have in adult learning/ their impact on learning outcomes for adult learners. The data showed that social media technologies follow similar patterns to other educational tools. Teaching method used in conjunction with the technology matters significantly. This being said, the article does make several recommendations for using social media in the classroom to boost adult learning outcomes. 10/10 interesting and relevant article with easy to find and utilize recommendations educators could implement.

This article details the methods and results of a research experiment done to determine whether/ how physiological measurement technologies can be used with educational research methods to investigate subjective learning experiences. Describes research methods and data collected. 8/10, very interesting article and a very interesting and well done study but very specific to this one topic. e

This article showcases a framework for course design using theory and research in the learning sciences. It defines student-centered learning and explains how it can/ should be used in the creation of the course and when establishing which theories and methods to structure the course around. 9/10, very detailed source.

This article details how to build an innovative online learning environment using methods based on influential adult learning theories. These theories include Social Development Theory, Behaviorism, Critical Reflection and Nurturing the Soul. 10/10, many theories throughly discussed.

This article discusses the need for teacher education to focus just as much on technology knowledge (regardless of grade level taught) as on educational theory and methods. It argues that teachers cannot be effective if they are not trained in not only current technologies, but also taught to be familiar with navigating new technologies as the emerge. 5/10 Very specific to K-12 teacher education.

The Article often compares Andragogy to Pedagogy and how they are different and should not be confused. The Article goes in depth into core assumptions of Andragogy.

8/10

A short article that looks at the future trends of learning and development. One trend it discusses is that time spent on training may be decreasing. Trainers are getting more creative using cell phones to train bite sized chunks. 8/10

A look at what Googles G2G (Googler-to-Googler) training program is about. It is a short infographic that describes methods that the program uses.

7/10

This is an interview with a google employee about what she does to keep Google heading in the right direction for the development and learning of its employees.

9/10

Interesting read about what top tech companies are doing to promote a growth mindset within their company. From Google to Amazon each company has a different approach that is working for them.

7/10

The article focuses on why the cross training practice Disney implements is an effective model and lists its 5 key benefits.

8/10, its not to in-depth but it provides a great starting point for adult learning in a company.

This article by Steve Glaveski reviews common problems in learning in development that companies experience. It ends with a list of things that need change and promptes "Lean Learning".

8/10

This article looks into gaming that promote health. The games is reviews are for both adults and kids. It discusses the user feedback and what could be done to make the games more engaging.

This study explores teacher beliefs and technology integration by giving a select group of teachers questionnaires about beliefs. The study group was chosen from teachers already involved in a project for the U.S. Department of Education and they taught elementary school. Results showed that the more sophisticated beliefs, the more student-centered the teaching, and the more likely it was that teachers used technology to enhance learning. Research about changing teacher beliefs is presented, indicating that teachers need to be given experiences before they will be able to change beliefs held. This study focused on elementary teachers and it would be interesting to see the same study conducted on teachers in higher education. 8/10

The authors study blogs, virtual worlds, discussion boards, and wikis and gathers student feedback on integrating those technologies into a class. The authors believed that students needed a digital presence to be successful in online learning. Instructor presence is also important and both can help participants in the class realize that there are real people in the class. The results of the studies show that integrating technology for collaboration should be done with careful design by the teacher, that as students are exposed to tools they find ones that work best for them, and that for students who have little exposure to technology the teacher should provide scaffolding to help them develop a digital presence. The studies were conducted in one region in Australia and I would like to see similar studies with learners from a broader area. 8/10

Article explores how digital learners interface with content in a virtual setting. Some of the learning tools included blogs, discussion boards, wikis, virtual worlds, etc. Study shows that the digital environment can be just as effective as F2F for promoting higher level thinking and learning. Article also discusses learners perceptions of the tools and self reflection about their learning in these environments. Rating 8/10

This paper explores how technology integration contributes to learning gains. An example from an experiment in Niger showed that gains still existed after several years. The experiment used mobile phone intervention in groups of participants in 113 villages in Niger. Participants demonstrated medium learning gains and increased mobile phone usage after the program but did not gain observable socio-economic outcomes. The study had no control group and some participants dropped out during the study. This study explored technology integration with a population lacking exposure to technology. 8/10

This article is older, but I came across the term TPCK several times and needed background information on the topic. There has been a lot of focus on what teachers need to know to integrate technology but this article states that we also need to study how technology is used. Technological pedagogical content knowledge, or TPCK, is the argument that Content, Pedagogy, and Technology are not separate realms of knowledge. They intersect and TPCK is what is needed for good teaching with technology. Good teachers understand how technology, content, and pedagogy must all work together to develop class content. This is thought-provoking information to anyone entering the educational technology field. 10/10

This article discusses methods of integrating technology in an online learning environment. It gives examples of using Adobe Spark, Quizlet, and Remind for an online instructor as well as reasons why the tools should be used. This comes from the Faculty Focus site which has short, to the point articles about current topics. It was easy to search for topics about technology integration though none of the articles are as content-heavy as journal articles. 8/10

Even though technology and Web 2.0 tools are widespread in education, using them does not guarantee that learning outcomes are accomplished. Blogs, wikis, podcasts, social networks have all received attention as tools that increase learning. This study examined student and faculty perception of the usefulness of such tools. The study results are useful to instructors designing content. Student responses showed that instructional strategies, not specific technology uses, influenced student perception of course effectiveness. Highly interesting reading from a peer-reviewed journal. 10/10

The authors discuss how integrating technology can be beneficial to first-generation students in several ways. Students can use technology to find answers to how to navigate the college system. They can use tools to fill in any gaps from their high school education, use familiar social media tools to apply knowledge, and find answers to questions they are embarrassed to ask. The authors are college professors and this is an opinion piece that references research but does not cite research. I think the piece raised several important points but would appreciate citations to help me explore the topic further. The Inside Higher Ed site is easy to use and I could easily find information about topics I searched. 8/10.

CITE Journal provides peer-reviewed articles about using technology in education and breaks them into categories by subject area. The site is easy to navigate and easy to search. The authors examine cognitive, affective, and behavior student engagement through a systemic review. Integrating technology allowed students to learn from peers, progress in self-directed learning, and more. However, students also reported disengagement due to frustration, disappointment, and more. Engagement occurred more often than disengagement when students worked with technology. There are several points made here about the reasons for disengagement that were new to me and I appreciated the discussion about those points. 10/10

This article explore teacher presence and teacher immediacy. Both online and in-person classes have integrated technology by creating technology-based environments. When using technology to host an online class, it is important for students to feel they are a community of learners. Teaching presence is important for students and can enhance critical thinking. Instructor immediacy can boost student engagement. This study analyzed existing literature and proposes quantitative and qualitative future studies to continue research into student engagement using technology. The most interesting section is the description of teacher roles in an online environment. 9/10

Article presents strategies for adoption in virtual learning environments to improve aspects of instructor presence and immediacy. Central to the discussion are perceptions of engagement and relatability, which play an integral role in shaping learners' cognitive and affective filters. Rating 7/10

The authors discuss the alignment of virtues with educational technology. There is a discussion about using technology to allow students to interact with each other and create educated people who respect culture and ethics. Students can be guided to think about moral consequences of technology before using it. Reading about how Confucianism aligns with educational technology was interesting and even if teachers do not agree with it completely, it is still a new perspective to consider. The site is not peer-reviewed but the authors do have experience in the topics discussed. 8/10

The International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education is available on Springer Open. I do not find the layout to be user-friendly, but I appreciate open access to the articles. The authors explore literature related to personalized experiences with educational technology. Personalized education involves adjusting objectives, content, and approaches to the learner. The literature did not provide a large enough sample to be representative, but it did provide a fascinating look at two approaches to personalization: a system that guides learning and an approach where the students guide decisions about learning. 7/10

This is an overview of an issue of the International Journal of Training and Development. It summarizes key findings of several studies and is an excellent starting point to explore several areas of digital technology use in adult training. Findings from the studies include: technology should complement blended learning, trainer competency in digital platforms has an effect on attitude towards technology use, and that educators with media-related training are more likely to be critically-reflective of technology. There are several references listed that could be useful to those exploring methods of technology integration. 10/10