No interchange of language

is it possible that any idea can have no connection to nature or the natural world?

How many copies of Blair's Lectures (62 editions, 51 abridgments, and 10 translations) did he stumble across? (see Rhetorical Tradition Enlightenment intro)

Is language seen as a means to an end?

Well, Locke, when you call it "dry truth and real knowledge," is it any surprise "wit and fancy" win out?

I'm struck through here (and the liquor example) how prescient Locke's inquiries are for our own investigations into rhetoric and the question of "what is human?" It feels like he's anticipating Barad's argument that each definition of gold -- its color, its weight, its malleableness, etc. -- creates a cut, a boundary around what gold means for each person that cares to define it. Barad sees these "local determinations" not as final but as fluid, even while being exclusionary (821). Locke is keying in on these exclusionary definitions and the problems they might pose to an empirical approach.

I assume that's a typographical f that's intended as an s (Wise as opposed to Wife, Wise to counter Foolish)?

Parallels again to Pizan, who urged women to use both manners and silence with rhetorical precision, as well as to Ratcliffe and Glenn's Silence and Listening as Rhetorical Arts

"omit needless words!"

A refrain of Strunk's. This Sprat fellow sounds like he would get along with Strunk and White.

Amazing. This is a noteworthy comment on how economics can also shape knowledge. It's still a hotly debated issue today, with the whole private/charter/public school discourse circling around the intersection of money, resources, and, curriculum.

Key players in shaping rhetoric and university curriculum in the 18th and 19th centuries (Cf. James Berlin's account of composition instruction in American universities)

Hume and Locke seem to agree here -- they both feel that there exists some kind of external, fixed reality (observed in nature), and if we all just practiced enough we could see it

I originally read practice in this context as exposure, the idea that if you just study a lot of literature you'll develop a taste for the good stuff (basically the dominant model of lit studies). But now I'm wondering if Hume saw practice as actually doing the art. Like, instead of just studying poetry, I actually went out and wrote some poetry. My taste, then, would develop through a combination of external and internal experience; it would be practice of both input and output.

I love this.

trading algorithms

Ong talks about this on Orality and Literacy--if an idea is written down, it is understood as being more "real" than ideas that are spoken. I wonder how this translates into digital communication?

Is it true that post humanism takes issue with the cause and effect pattern? In the sense that these two things are separate entities? (Referring to Burke's belief that we are naturally divided from other people)

Cf. Muckelbauer and Hawhee's discussion, where "humans, animals, and machines [are linked] so intimately that it makes very little sense to attempt to distinguish among these three categories" (767)

I think this meaning is that "Resurrection" is the return of a Manifestation in another human frame. And this is stated to be clearly more glorious than the literal interpretations of past scripture.

Why is it clearly more glorious?

1. Everyone has access. And it leads to empowerment.
2. It allows us to keep science, which is pretty awesome.
3. It doesn't allow us to just wait for the rapture - see point 1 about empowerment.
4. It allows us to see all religions as united in spirit.
5. Related to point 3 and 4, it allows us to unite with non-religious people.
6. All of this without "doing violence to the facts".

Definition of attachment.

Also, if your actions are due to addiction but you're consciously trying to counter it (or even, if you don't have help in quitting, just disliking it), perhaps that's different from allowing something to "intervene between him and God".

The next world isn't another world. It's a way of being in this world. Using this idea alone, no surviving memory or individuality is required after death.

The discussion in book 6 after this quote explores what a duty is. It presents the idea that, like eating, laws in the Faith to pray or teach are not arbitrary rules, but statements about our nature, and conducive to our growth. This implies that they should also be sources of joy.

What's the difference between a professed Baha'i who (purposefully?) breaks the laws, and people who do not accept the next Manifestation when They come?

How does this fit with, for example, alcohol addiction? Is that conduct that is contradicting someone's professions? Maybe not if your professions are "alcohol is bad, we shouldn't do it, but I am addicted and trying to recover", as opposed to "Baha'u'llah says alcohol is bad, but I drink anyway and don't see it as a problem".

We're at it again friends. This time, as you annotate, concentrate on the moves you see--even if you can't name them--and how they work to produce an effect on you the reader.

The claim here that "the rhetorical occasion always includes an audience" seems challenged by Rickert, who argues for a rhetorical situation involving an isolated shaman painter in a dark cave.

Based on this statement, could it be inferred that Muckelbauer places importance on not only the answer to the question (end) but also the process by which that answer is sought (means)? If so, how might the process of discovery be as important as the discovery itself?

Lanham is his chapter explains that no scholar has been able to prove that rhetoric is virtue compared to a vice. By Muckelbauer only including "civic virtue", I believe he is largely neglecting the idea the rhetoric can be used as a tool for vicious action.

read: the executives and high-salary concept engineers "found that it engaged far more of the human personality than the highly ritualized and spiritualized competitive atmosphere at Pepsi" -- let's not forget that Pepsi and Apple are both hugely successful businesses that profit from low-wage labor; whether they're "second wave" or "third wave," the economic outcome is the same: a product consumed by millions of people. I take Lanham's point that the latter emphasizes form in relation to content and flexibility over rigidity, which (debatably) produces a better product (though I agree that a curriculum founded on these principles can produce a better student), but I question the utility in the corporate analogy here. What makes an Apple-flavored student superior to a Pepsi-flavored one? If we accept Lanham's metaphor, aren't both companies successful? Probably splitting more hairs here, but I'm always wary when we start using economic language to describe aspects of life not explicitly related to the market. To his credit Lanham prefaces this paragraph with a nod to not "sentimentalizing the life of a volatile corporation."

Does this sound like Mark Zuckerberg's idealism before it devolved into a data-mining project in the service of neoliberal economics?

A comment at the bottom by Barbara H Partee, another panelist alongside Chomsky:

I'd like to see inclusion of a version of the interpretation problem that reflects my own work as a working formal semanticist and is not inherently more probabilistic than the formal 'generation task' (which, by the way, has very little in common with the real-world sentence production task, a task that is probably just as probabilistic as the real-world interpretation task).

This article makes a solid argument for why statistical and probabilistic models are useful, not only for prediction, but also for understanding. Perhaps this is a key point that Noam misses, but the quote narrows the definition to models that approximate "unanalyzed data".

However, it seems clear from this article that the successes of ML models have gone beyond approximating unanalyzed data.

Scientific insight isn't the same as metaphysical questions, in spite of having the same question word. Asking, "Why do epidemics have a peak?" is not the same as asking "Why does life exist?". Actually, that second question can be interested in two different ways, one metaphysically and one physically. The latter interpretation means that "why" is looking for a material cause. So even simple and approximate models can have generalizing value, such as the Schelling Segregation model. There is difference between models to predict and models to explain, and both have value. As later mentioned in this document, theory and data are two feet and both are needed for each other.

This page discusses different types of models

• statistical models
• probabilistic models
• trained models

and explores the interaction between prediction and insight.

Wasn't one of Chomsky's ideas that humans are uniquely suited to language? The counter-perspective espoused here appears to be that language emerges, and that humans are only distinguished by the magnitude of their capacity for language; other species probably have proto-language, and there is likely a smooth transition from one to the other. In fact, there isn't a "one" nor an "other" in a true qualitative sense.

So what if we discover something about the human that appears to be required for our language? Does this, then, lead us to knowledge of how human language is qualitatively different from other languages?

Can probabilistic models account for qualitative differences? If a very low, but not 0, probability is assigned to a given event that we know is impossible from our theory-based view, that doesn't make our probabilistic model useless. "All models are wrong, some are useful." But it seems that it does carry with it an assumption that there are no real categories, that categories change according to the needs, and are only useful in describing things. But the underlying nature of reality is of a continuum.

This seems to be, essentially, that models are useful for prediction, but prediction of unknowns in the data instead of prediction of future system dynamics.

Or how to interpret that data in the light of complex systems.

But how do you tell the value of an explanation? Should it not empower you to some new action or ability? It could be that the explanation is somewhat of a by-product of other prediction-making theories (like how plate tectonics relies on thermodynamics, fluid dynamics, and rock mechanics, which do make predictions).

It might also make predictions itself, such as that volcanoes not on clear plate boundaries might be somehow different (distribution of occurrence over time, correlation with earthquakes, content of magma, size of eruption...), or that understanding the explanation for lightning allows prediction that a grounded metal pole above the house might protect the house from lightning strikes. This might be a different kind of prediction, though, since it isn't predicting future dynamics. Knowing how epidemics works doesn't necessarily allow prediction of total infected counts or length of infection, but it does allow prediction of minimum vaccination rates to avert outbreaks.

Nonetheless, a theory as a tool to explain, with very poor predictive ability, can still be useful, though less valuable than one that also makes testable predictions.

But in general, it seems like data -> theory is the explanation. Theory -> data is the prediction. The strength of the prediction depends on the strength of the theory.

Good summation of Bijker's and Winner's STS work

Thermal inertia is the ability of a body or object to maintain its temperature when ambient temperature changes. Larger objects have higher thermal inertia, so larger fish lose heat more slowly than smaller fish. Larger fish also have larger hearts, which can pump more blood.

The increased temperature range allowed the tuna to forage and obtain energy more efficiently.

Lower energy intake during migrations.

Austen reiterates the idea of gossip that is mistaken and misconstrued, and it is both relatively innocuous and sometimes effective to the plot by introducing conflict. For example, in Pride and Prejudice with the gossip over Mr. Bingley and who would join his party, the story of Mr. Darcy's treatment of Mr. Wickham, and then the suggested engagement between Darcy and Lizzy Bennett.

This phrase is often used in Austen's works, referring to the particular society or selected families a person interacts with, and which usually indicates a level of social class. In Pride and Prejudice, Mrs. Gardener says she "moved in different circles" from the Darcys, and in Emma, Mrs. Elton hopes to install Miss Fairfax as a governess in a better circle than she might be able to procure on her own.

Sir Edward's passionate praise of the Romantic novel is reminiscent of Marianne's dramatic speeches in Sense and Sensibility. This is slightly ironic considering that Edward's earlier rejection of the novel in favor of works that can be used to better oneself falls more under Sense than Sensibility.

Overall scientific credibility: 'low' to 'very low', according to scientists who analyzed this article.

Find more details in Health Feedback's analysis

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$$Net Profit = (EBT) - (Tax)$$

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Her interview with a realtor confirmed her belief that bike infrastructure (like the Midtown Greenway) causes the value of nearby properties to rise. She also talked to the board of Twin Cities Greenways, and consulted the work of Melissa Checker, who studies the appropriation of eco-friendly language by high-end developers.

1. negotiated meaning
2. task-based
3. new model. negotiated routines: trigger, indicator, response, and reaction-response SCMC negotiated interaction in lexical acquisition

2.1.1 Cognitive and psycholinguistic theories of SLA One of the main theoretical frameworks on the cognitive side is the input–interactionist paradigm (Long, 1996), and the early research on online interaction in FL/SL contexts focused on the development of linguistic competence in in-class interaction, e.g., comparing online synchronous interaction with face-to-face student interaction. Many of these studies used a quantitative methodology, involving control groups of students engaged in face-to-face interaction that were compared to experimental groups of learners participating in online interaction or intra-class studies in which the same students took part in both face-to-face and online interaction (Warschauer, 1996b). What was often counted and categorized were linguistic features and language functions (e.g., Chun, 1994; Kern, 1995), and researchers showed how negotiation for meaning occurs in intra-class online chat (e.g., Blake, 2000). Similarly, studies of online interaction based on psycholinguistic theories of SLA (e.g., Ellis’ (2006) Associative Cognitive CREED and Schmidt’s (1990) Noticing Hypothesis) have found that text-based chat promotes noticing of grammatical and lexical features or errors (e.g., Lai & Zhao, 2006; Lee, 2008). Other studies of interclass interactions between learners and native speakers (Tudini, 2003) or tandem learning partnerships (Kötter, 2003; O’Rourke, 2005) have investigated form-focused interaction, negotiation of meaning and code switching, primarily linguistic aspects of SL/FL learning.

In both SLA and CALL (computer-assisted language learning) research, a new perspective may be found in ecological approaches, e.g., van Lier (2004), who takes an ecological world view and applies it to language education. Ecology broadly studies organisms in their relations with their environment. Van Lier’s approach thus incorporates many different perspectives with regard to language learning, e.g., sociocultural theory, semiotics, ecological psychology, and the concepts of self and identity. Key constructs in this approach to language learning are affordances and scaffolding, with an affordance defined as the relationship between an organism and something in the environment that can potentially be useful for that organism. Technology is viewed as a source of affordances and learning opportunities for language learners. Appropriate scaffolding, i.e., help from peers, teachers, or technology itself, might also be necessary, and this is a core feature of telecollaboration.

2.1.2 Sociocultural theories of SLA In contrast to interactionist research, Block (2003) proposed the “social turn” taken by the field of SLA, and variations of socially based theories and approaches have flourished. For example, socio-cognitive paradigms (Kern & Warschauer, 2000), which view language as social and place emphasis on the role of cultural context and discourse, are often used in the research on telecollaboration. Many studies have been influenced by sociocultural theory (Belz, 2002; Thorne, 2003; Ware, 2005). In the Vygotskian perspective, language is viewed as a mediating tool for learning, and the entire language learning process must by necessity be a dialogic process (see, e.g., Basharina, 2007; Blin, 2012, who rely on Activity Theory and Cultural Historical Activity Theory, respectively, for their analyses of telecollaboration). Other studies make visible the development of linguistic, pragmatic, and intercultural competence in both intra-class telecollaboration (e.g., Abrams, 2008) and inter-class interactions (e.g., Belz & Thorne, 2006; Jin & Erben, 2007). Chun (2011) reports on advanced German learners in the United States engaging online with advanced English learners in Germany, as they used different types of speech acts to indicate their pragmatic ability and to show their developing ICC. Specifically, some learners realized that they could exhibit curiosity and interest (a component of ICC) by engaging in multi-turn statements and did not need to use questions to convey their intent.

The results of the paired-groups experimental study proves "are interpreted as being supportive for the interactionist perspective on SLA, especially the importance of attention". The study focuses on the acquisition of lexical meaning through negotiated interaction on NNS-NNS synchronous CMC. Check into Long's Interaction Hypothesis.

The benefits of CMA in language learning: interactionist perspective.

"Researchers have found that cognitive interactionist and sociocultural SLA theories offer a means of interpreting prior research on CALL and suggest a point of departure for designing future studies of CALL activities that are based on human–computer interaction and computer-mediated communication."

Chapelle. C. A 2007. theories expand from interactionist to cognitive interactionist and sociocultural theory cognitive interactionist: Human-computer interaction. sociocultural: CMC (Computer-Mediated Communication)

Chapelle CA (2006) focus on the theory of interactionist SLA theory

Sociocultural Approaches to SLA and Technology (Steven Thorne): Sociocultural approaches (SCT) to second language acquisition draw from a tradition of human development emphasizing the culturally organized and goal-directed nature of human behavior and the importance of external social practices in the formation of individual cognition. This paper describes the principle constructs of the theory, including mediation, internalization, and the zone of proximal development, and will describe technology-related research in these areas. Vygotskian SCT shares foundational constructs with distributed and situated cognition, usage-based models of language acquisition, language socialization, and ecological approaches to development, all of which have contributed to new applications of SCT in the areas of language research and pedagogical innovation. A discussion of methodological challenges and current practices will conclude the presentation.

Ecological Approaches to SLA and Technology (Leo van Lier): Ecological approaches to SLA are premised on a holistic view of human-world interrelations and the notion of affordance-effectivity pairings that help to better understand human activity and functioning. To many educators, technology and ecology are irreconcilable opposites. Yet, educationally speaking, they turn out to be perfectly compatible. This presentation examines the ways in which the Internet is an emergent resource, a social tool, and a multimodal repository of texts. The ecological affordances of CALL will be illustrated in terms of activity through, with, at and around computers.

The Interaction Approach and CMC (Bryan Smith): The Interaction Approach(IA) in second language acquisition studies suggests that there is a link between interaction and learning. This approach focuses on three major components of interaction — exposure (input), production (output), and feedback. Many CALL researchers have adopted this theoretical perspective in exploring the relationship between CMC and instructed second language acquisition, exploiting many of the argued affordances offered by this medium in relation to the key tenets of the IA. This paper will provide a conceptual overview of the IA and explore specifically how CALL researchers have sought to study SLA from this theoretical perspective. We will discuss several methodological hurdles facing researchers engaged in this type of research and will offer some suggested strategies for conducting sound SLA/CALL research from an IA.

the interaction approach overlaps with psycholinguistic approach under the cognitive theory

Psycholinguistics, SLA, and Technology (Scott Payne): Investigating second language acquisition and CALL from a psycholinguistic perspective entails examining how language learners process, store, and retrieve information from memory and how cognitive capacity impacts acquisition and influences performance. This paper will provide an overview of psycholinguistic approaches to SLA research highlighting research findings relevant to the field of CALL. This discussion will include some of the challenges and opportunities for researchers interested in employing psycholinguistic methods for studying SLA in classroom and computer-mediated contexts.

(https://paperpile.com/view/d6077af8-b494-0c5b-bcbe-71ea1d198029)

This article explores how learning styles and computer skills impact student online learning. Further consideration is also given to course format and participants who were first time online learners. This is a complex study that investigates possible skills and abilities of first time online students. It would be interesting to conduct the same study, ten years latter to see if the changes in technology has improved the learners' computer skills and therefore the results of the study.

RATING: 7/10

The authors discuss the fact that traditional learning has been an intersection of content knowledge and pedagogical knowledge, but with today's learning environment, it must also intersect with technological knowledge which requires further professional growth and development. The authors further discuss the challenges keeping up with the rate of change of technology and suggest that this is just a foundation for the ongoing research in educational technology.

RATING: 7/10

Create is a non-profit organization dedicated to providing resources for the development and creation of educational technology to enhance the independence and productivity of older adult learners.

The sight includes publications, resources, research, news, social media and information all relevant to aging and technology. It is the consortium of five universities including: Weill Cornell Medicine,University of Miami, Florida State University,Georgia Institute of Technology, and University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

RATING: 4/5 (rating based upon a score system 1 to 5, 1= lowest 5=highest in terms of content, veracity, easiness of use etc.)

The six basic requirements

Federalism has the capability of being both bad and good. It just depends who you ask. On one side the advantages of fedaralism is it creates more effectiveness and makes the government stable. On the other hand federalism is risky it gets expensive, lead to a complex tax system and is slow in responses to crisis.

Snapchat reaches around 30 million 18-24 year old users; important ages that are more recently able to vote and take political action. Instagram and snapchat are most popular amongst younger users.

Rhetoric of Space and Place.

I dont believe some of this, blacks never had a voice during . That time if they were to speak up during that time they would often get punished. Blacks had no say in there freedom, slavery wasn't abolished to help slaves, Abraham Lincoln didn't do it out of the kindness out of his heart.

I believe people in sometimes feel they have no voice are say. There are pathways were people try there best to find change and still see no result i believe to have to change we have to write congress men and people in the government letters to how we may feel. We must be aware together but, its better sometimes to be the odd person out the bunch. It takes one person doing something different to see results.

To add to "More scholarship about CC licenses" and to support unit 4.1: Bishop, Carrie. “Creative Commons and Open Access Initiatives: How to Stay Sane and Influence People.” Art Libraries Journal 40.4 (2015): 8–12. Web.

Bishop presents a cheerful exploration of the Tate’s mammoth enterprise to digitize and release into the public Web 52,000 works of art, many of which are still under copyright. Commonly, galleries and museums would like to broaden exposure to the artwork in their collections, but when artists or their descendants are still actively monitoring use and income, there can be a barrier between connecting the public with the art work and the needs of the artistic community. Bishop describes the Tate’s desire to license the newly digitized images under a Creative Commons license to provide clear guidelines to the public, but at the same time to respond to the fears, hopes, and wishes of their artists. The Tate decided that it could best realize its goal to "democratize access" and to connect the public with British artists through applying the CC-BY-NC-ND license—both making the images available and quelling the concerns of the artists or their estate managing family members. The article provides an interesting perspective to the discussion of “open culture” or “free culture.” Some of this freedom may come about in incremental doses. The CC license might make it possible to allow an artist to connect their work with a larger public, at the same time that it makes them confident that their work won’t be misused or appropriated in an undesired manner. Aart museums seem to have a difficult relationship with open access and Creative Commons licensing. The Getty, for instance, has a fairly complicated statement of terms that make murky all that CC transparency, so there is viewing the material and then there is repurposing the material. The result is that a slow, measured pace, while nurturing the artist along, may be the way to ultimately make CC and Open Access a norm rather than an exception.

45.24

83.33

75

75

83.21

57.48

82.14

86.36

75

74.11

14.91

29.51

89.17

65.61

The recurrence of "meringues" until this point warrants further examination. In addition to tracing this motif and performing contextual analyses, we can use word collocations and concordances to better understand the physical and figurative resonances of this dessert. This reading could then feed into a broader analysis of all of the story's ingestible substances.

Examples?

Object-oriented ontological thinking?

"text transformed into data."

Towards the end of the Mr.Bruff's narrative, the mysteries revolving around the Indians began to disperse at last. Mr.Bruff took a particular notice of date and time in his narrative, and thus the intimate connection of the chain of events after the Diamond left the country house was gradually unveiled.

The facts elicited by the inquiry were stated by Sergeant Cuff in the most discreet and circumspect manner. The Sergeant, though placidly retired at this moment, still retained his habitual discreetness when writing his report. He took a particular attention to the due dates and sum of money, which, evidently were the keys to unravel the mystery shrouding Mr.Godfrey Ablewhite's conducts.

A little over-the-top?

More data vs more theories

Humans are biased by our theories (though not totally). But isn't that the goal of science, to collectively question our assumptions and experiments? We need to attempt to falsify our theories not only by questioning the experiments and repeating them, but also by questioning the theories used to interpret data.

But there are examples of where our theory has led us astray, the heliocentric vision of the universe being an example. If not for that attachment to previous thinking, we might have learned more quickly about the heliocentric truth.

'Even as He hath revealed: "As oft as an Apostle cometh unto you with that which your souls desire not, ye swell with pride, accusing some of being impostors and slaying others."' - Kitab-i-Iqan

One goal of systems science and modelling, to explore what might be relevant and give us better heuristics.

Similar to the objectivism/subjectivism divide and social construction of truth/positivist scientific method.

Part of meditative practices is sometimes a focus of the mind, or an absence and an "insistent" self. Perhaps it's simply quieting part of the questioning mind in order to make room for a better side, but maybe it's about removing one's preconceived notions.

Maybe both? Causal feedback.

Dinner And Dance Event Company Singapore

highest god, creator of all gods and beings

Enkidu is a superlative being, notion of gods as being human-like and vice versa

hierodule - being a priestess, her having sex with Enkidu is not seen as a shameful thing. opposite of most religions that demand chastity for their priestesses

Goddess being omniscient in Assyrian religion

Dharma for Nordic peoples? definitely Pagan concept, seems like an oversight from Christian translators

everything in God's hands, Beowulf merely a vessel

notion of the Christian afterlife, purifying of soul

judgement of God - declaring the throne and hall of Heorot holy, cannot be usurped by enemies of God

mixture of Christianity (Cain and Abel) and Paganism (elves, giants, etc)

some translations name God specifically here, same sentiment though

all of Beowulf's victories due to God in Beowulf's eyes. even his death is not a sad event to him as he sees it as God's will

even in a boast, Beowulf equates the result of his actions as being the will of God. almost negates the concept of personal responsibility

again, origin being of Cain - evil begetting evil

one of the few times where fate is mentioned without being linked to God's will

repeated again, continuously reaffirming the evil of Grendel by siding him against God

"truth is established" - God is the declarer of what is and isn't true. reality itself is bent to God's will. Whoever is on the side of God is on the side of truth, therefore Beowulf = the truth

idols = paganism. first mention of the devil. "God they knew not" declaring them to be heathens.

insinuation that they deserve punishment because of their paganism

Cain, direct reference to Bible. awkward insertion of Christian narrative/origin. Evil begotten from one of the first sins. No mention of the devil, evil as something unfavorable to God

God-Father: God as creator, maybe taking place of Odin as father/creator of all beings.

"sent to solace the people" - god-sent, chosen, given divine status

.” It was customary during that time for men to take leave of women after dinner and go to a different room to smoke: "A gentlemen never smokes in the presence of ladies"(Pool, DanielWhat Jane Austen Ate and Charles Dickens Knewpp54-56 and http://chuma.cas.usf.edu/~runge/MasonJA1.html)

I found this interesting how the weather changed so quickly after King Edward took over the throne from Queen Victoria. As we know from the start of Chapter 5, the Victorian era was dark and gloomy. Now that it is a new chapter, it goes onto another era in time, when King Edward takes the power. With the rise of a new era, it also is a new birth for a brighter future and the country is becoming more and more modernized, but this is not really the case. This is interesting because how rapid the change is able to take place, showing how fast time is passing. The new era is completely different from the one before, contrasting with the Victorian times, as described by the biographer in this section, everything was brighter and the sky is no longer filled with gloomy cloud, but instead metals. The light serves as a guide for the people to move forward when the women were in aprons, showing how gender roles are changing. On the other hand, we associate light with something positive, but during this time,things were also shrink in size, like the amount of fertilized plants and family sizes.

The fraught United States presidential election cycle of 2016 has revealed a country divided along geographical and ideological lines. It has also bolstered a narrative of haves and have-nots, pitting the so-called coastal elites against “heartland” America.

Complexity Theory - Dynamical Systems Theory

If we want to make change we should come at a problem from as many different areas as possible.

We should be wary of the magic bullet. Complexity theory may be seen as post-structuralist or even further?

This is part of an agency structure debate.

There are varied factors that contribute to change.

The connections of neurons are more important than the number of cells are more important for consciousness or the mind. This is a good analogy for why complexity theory is so essential.

Consciousness emerges when critical mass is reached in a system.

It's hard to know how much of a factor something can be in a causal system. For example, how much do we cause do we attribute to butterfly wings causing a storm in India.

What causes change in the education system?

We need to use words like compounding effects to explain change.

We need to conceive of change in terms of speed and direction, like a mathematical function.

We need to be wary of one dimensional change or one kind of initiative. You need to think of multiple factors.

Effective intervention means intervention from every possible angle.

We need to pump resources until we have autocatalysis.

International Journal of Education Development Mark Mason

DFS Associates: So erreichen Sie Erfolg als Hersteller Vertreter

DFS Associates bereits ein paar Tipps für Ihre früheren Post in Bezug auf die zu einem Hersteller Vertreter und ordnungsgemäß die Arbeit, die Gruppe zielt nun darauf ab, einige hilfreiche Ratschläge, wie man erfolgreich zu sein auf dieser Karriere geben.

Die Gruppe ist der festen Überzeugung, dass Erfolg durch den Aufbau einer festen Beziehung zwischen den representative's Prinzipien des Herstellers und den Kunden plausibel ist. Ähnlich wie bei DFS Associates müssen Sie die Designs und Anforderungen Ihrer Kunden, die mit Ihren Produktlinien kompatibel sein sollten, sehr gut berücksichtigen. Es ist keine Überraschung, dass DFS die größten und besten Unternehmen in der Branche aufgrund ihrer umfassenden Verständnis und Kenntnis der Kundenbasis und Bedürfnisse vertreten kann.

Darüber hinaus hängt der Erfolg eines Hersteller Vertreters auch vom Erfolg des Herstellers und seiner Produkte ab. Bei der Darstellung eines Produkts oder einer Dienstleistung, müssen Sie intelligent über den Hersteller zuerst wissen und wie gesagt in früheren Post DFS, tun richtige Forschung in der Geschäftstätigkeit als gut.

Wenn das produzierende Unternehmen in den Vereinigten Staaten befindet, empfehlen wir Ihnen, Ihre benötigten Informationen durch die Better Business Bureau (BBB) Büro der Stadt des Herstellers zu erhalten, aber wenn es außerhalb der Vereinigten Staaten gefunden wird, dann wenden Sie sich an die professionelle Verband der Hersteller war ein Teil von. Sie können Herstellerverbände auf der ganzen Welt über die offizielle Website des internationalen Verbandes der Hersteller zu finden.

Zweitens, gehen Sie zu Ihrem örtlichen Bezirks Schreiber Büro, um Ihr Unternehmen zu registrieren und erhalten Sie Ihr Geschäft als oder DBA oder angenommen namens Zertifikat. Um Ihr Unternehmen zu integrieren, müssen Sie zu Ihrem Staatskontrolleur Büro gehen. Mit Ihrem DBA-Zertifikat oder Ihrem Gesellschafts Satz können Sie auch ein Geschäftsbankkonto über Ihre lokale Bank eröffnen.

Drittens, was auch immer das Geschäft ist, wird der Standort ein entscheidendes Element bleiben. Suchen Sie nach dem perfekten Standort bei der Eröffnung Ihres Unternehmens. Bereiten Sie Dokumente vor, die für den Erwerb von Telefon-und Breitbanddiensten erforderlich sind, und gehen Sie zu Ihrer lokalen Telefongesellschaft. Sie können auch Kontakt mit Ihrem lokalen Kabel-Unternehmen und erhalten ähnliche Dienste von Ihnen. Gestalten Sie Ihr Büro nach Ihrem bevorzugten Stil und mieten Sie zuverlässige Mitarbeiter.

Schließlich, wenn Sie Mitarbeiter haben oder wenn Ihr Unternehmen integriert ist, dann vergessen Sie nicht, ihre Arbeitgeber-Identifikationsnummer (ein) aus dem Internal Revenue Service (IRS) zu erhalten.

Als Schlussbemerkung möchte DFS Associates Sie daran erinnern, dass, egal welche Karriere Sie drängen in, immer träumen groß, hart arbeiten, konzentriert bleiben und umgeben Sie sich mit guten Menschen, um den Erfolg, den Sie träumen zu erreichen sind.

DFS Associates - Mitä valmistajan edustaja tekee?

Tämän jälkeen DFS Associates jakaa joitakin tapoja, miten tulla valmistajan edustaja. DFS on tunnettu yksi luotettava valmistajan edustavat yritykset RF-ja mikro aalto uuni tuotteita, joten voit luottaa niiden sanoja.

Yksinkertaisesti sanottuna, valmistajan edustaja voi olla henkilö tai pien yritys, joka kohdistuu edustaa valmistajan tuotteita ja palveluja markkinoilla. Voit päättää, edustavatko ne yhtä tai useita samanlaisten tuotteiden valmistajia samanaikaisesti. Sinun täytyy myös harjoitella sitoutumista on edustaja tietyn valmistajan myydä tuotteitaan muille yrityksille.

Jos olet todella kiinnostunut tulemaan yksi, sinun on ymmärrettävä olennaiset vaiheet edustavat erityisesti tai useita teollisuus yrityksiä. DFS Associates kannustaa sinua jatkamaan lukemista ja oppia muutamia asioita tulossa valmistajan edustaja.

Sinun täytyy harkita korkeakoulututkinnon kuin ensimmäinen. Jotkut voivat olla eri mieltä ja sanoa, että hyvä myynti kokemus on tarpeeksi tullut valmistajan edustaja, mutta se ei ole kyse näinä päivinä, joissa monet valmistajat haluavat antaa tätä työtä yksilöiden tilalla korkeakoulututkinnon.

Toiseksi, sinun täytyy työskennellä kovasti teidän tutkimusta. Julkinen kirjasto voi olla hyvä vaihto ehto etsii hyvää tietoa ja lähteitä, mutta Internet on laaja tietoa mistään, joten suosittelemme suorittamaan asianmukaisen tutkimuksen avulla Internet samoin. Te kanisteri varmasti hankkia avulias ilmianto jokseenkin tehtailija-lta eri hedelmä model after maailma aava höyty. Muista ymmärtää tärkeitä tietoja, kuten valmistajan tarjoamat tuotteet, eettiset ja korvaus paketin ja jopa tietää, kuinka monta vuotta on se ollut käynnissä liike toimintaa. Myös sen teollisuuden ja tulevaisuuden potentiaalin tunteminen ovat tärkeitä.

Kolmanneksi, sinun täytyy rakentaa hyvä suhde ammattilaisten kautta verkossa myös, ja että on mahdollista saada mukana eri online-yhteisöjä tai foorumeita, jotka keskittyvät niiden keskusteluja on valmistajan edustaja. Voit myös oppia lisää tärkeää tietoa ihmisiä ympäri maailmaa kautta online-keskusteluja. Älä anna mahdollisuutta tulla mukaan niiden konferenssien ohi, koska voit hyödyntää tätä oppia lisää tarjouksia eri valmistajilta. Hyödynnä myös muiden valmistajan edustajien henkilökohtaisia vihjeitä. Jos löydät valmistajien kanssa kiehtovia tuotteita ja palveluja, varmista, että on usein tietoa niiden uusimmat päivitykset ja uutiset.

Neljänneksi, Lähetä hakemuksesi oikein. Haluttaa aivan tehtailija sinun ' huvittaa jotta olla eritä-lta ja kuulla kuinka jotta oikein lennättää by ahkeruus jotta joka-lta heidät. Voit lähettää hakemuksen sähköpostitse, chattailuun alustoilla tai online-haku lomakkeet joidenkin valmistajien. On todellakin helpompi soveltaa näinä päivinä, koska suuri etu Inter netin ja sen langattoman yhteyden. Odotan koulutusta voit osallistua, kun hakemuksesi on hyväksytty.

Lopuksi, tee itsellesi osa eri ammatillisten järjestöjen, kuten valmistajien Agents National Association (Mana) ja valmistajien edustajat Educational Research Foundation (mrerf). Tietää, että myös tietosi oman kansallisen tieto kannan voi hyödyttää sinua, koska valmistajat yleensä käyttää niitä etsimässä luotettu tekijöille ja edustajille. Olla ajan tasalla niiden koulutus-ja sertifioinnit ohjelmia ja liittyä kunkin niistä niin usein kuin mahdollista tason ylöspäin taitosi ja luoda yrityksen mainetta luotettava valmistajan edustaja.

DFS Associates haluaisi sinun koskaan lopettaa oppimista, jotta voidaan tehdä työtä on valmistajan edustaja erittäin hyvin.

"I have, in the following little volume, collected a few of these, the Love-Songs of a single province merely, which I either took down in each county of Connacht from the lips of the Irish-speaking peasantry - a class which is disappearing with most alarming rapidity - or extracted from MSS, in my own possession, or from some lent to me, made by different scribes during this century, or which I came upon while examining the piles of modern manuscript Gaelic literature that have found their last resting-place on the shelves of the Royal Irish Academy." (iv)

The way Hyde makes reference to sources is casual and non-specific. It would be difficult for a reader to access his sources. Because we have such little insight, it is important to be alert to potential biases in the collecting and editing process.

If we can identify consistencies among the anthologized songs in terms of their depiction of love and lovers, and/or among songs which are excluded from the anthology, we will have reason to regard the very partial disclosure of sources with suspicion.

As I have already noted, part of Hyde’s project is to bring the reader into contact with language which has an ‘unbounded’ power to excite the Irish Muse. Perhaps part of the way he contrives this encounter is to control the kind of subject matter that will appear to the reader as that which occurs most naturally in the Irish language.

Summary Marquit begins by introducing us to the principal concern of philosophy of technology, which is how technological development influences societal organization and culture and how culture and society influence and drive technology. He then repeats the three theories of technological and societal relationships that Nye introduced us to last week. Technological determinism states that technology spontaneously evolves and that society must adapt to make efficient use of it. Second, technological advance is driven by human culture and cultural developments. Third, a mix of both of those views is the most generally held. Marquit makes the case that Human evolution is intertwined with technology and that technological, biological and societal interactions make up a kind of pyramid of forces that created the modern Human. Bipedality freed up our hands to use and create tools, while the need and ability to use tools may have driven us to develop brains large and capable enough to make use of the tools. Changes in the hand allowed for the use of tools, while the lowering of the larynx and decrease in canine teeth size enabled articulate speech which was another use of larger brains. Tools, intelligence and bipedality were critical in the move to humans as hunters. The first evidence of human hunting is from one-hundred-thousand years ago, an eight foot wooden spear found in an elephant. As a case-study for ancient hunting societies the Mbuti people of the Ituri rain forest in Zaire are a good example. Most of the people in the society participate in the hunt, and there is little hierarchical structure. There is much cooperation between ages and genders, especially in the important songs used for various reasons. Group members make decisions collectively, with the chief providing guidance in conflict, the shaman providing religious guidance, and singers and dancers serving important roles as well. The first major revolution in social organization associated with technological developments was in 10,000 B.C. with the advent of the city-state in Mesopotamia, Egypt, China, India, Mesoamerica, and the Andes. The first sign of technological change involved the transition to complex foraging, society becoming more static with the ability to acquire a surplus of resources and store them. This gave rise to larger populations and allowed for some specialization. Social differentiation arises through the need for individuals to be in charge of administrative tasks. Structures are built to house goods and ceremonial structures hint at the possibility that leaders and central management were present. Eventually the state emerges as a bureaucratic institution and exerts control over resources. Needing a reason to justify this control, institutions are put in place based on morality and being enforced with the threat of physical violence. In 3300 B.C. bronze metallurgy is introduced in Mesopotamia and Egypt. The ability to create metal tools significantly increases productivity and harvest capability, leading to a surge in population and allowing for more specialized professions, including the first known specialization that is not related to the ruling bureaucracy or directly to food production, the blacksmith. Urban developments spring up as a result of these changes and society becomes stratified into state societies by the 4th century B.C. which are ruled by priest-kings. Later in the Middle East accounting for all the surplus supplies becomes critical and because of this need, mathematics, the first currency and the first written language, cuneiform is developed. Greeks as discussed in the last article, equated technology and physical labor as being lesser than theorizing about philosophy of mathematics. The Greeks also have slaves, so labor is much more efficient than implementing new technology. The Romans a few centuries later did innovate and had a much higher opinion of technology. They used their centralized power to build aqueducts, roads and grain mills. The Chinese in Asia, valued technology, science and writing very highly. As a result were much ahead of their western peers for a long time. The early move to a feudal system of a lord, taxation in the form of unpaid labor, and very centralized government however, stunted their growth, there was not enough free time available to the lower class and the middle class was caught up in serving the lords who were content with the system.

Response Marquit lays out the principal concern of philosophy of technology which is how technological development influences societal organization and culture and how culture and society influence and drive technology and I think this is the lens through which we should be looking at this article. The course dictates that we look at how this frames our relationship to technology which I think is complementary. Regarding the triangle or pyramid of society, biology and technology, I find this very relevant in today’s world. Soon technology and society may even more directly impact our biology. Indirectly our biology has been greatly shaped in recent years by modern medicine. In times past many of us with what are seen as minor health issues today would be dead or looked upon as detrimental to society, today many of these health issues are able to be corrected. In the near future the relationship with biology and technology/society will have a much more direct impact. As long as society allows, humans will begin augmenting themselves, if not at a dna level perhaps as implants, and it will be something to keep an eye on. I found the portion of the article relating to the formation of city-states and production and storage of excess products extremely interesting and important. The relationship between technology and society is really boiled down and almost purified in this moment. Society was so simple before we had excess food, there was little to no hierarchy and no social classes. We see a clear delineation between the time before and after humans started to settle down. The creation of modern society is seen in its’ infancy in this period and I think it can be a great place for me to study technology going forward. It surprised me how much studying history really taught me about how technology affects us today! I am happy that we will be studying more about Greek and Chinese society after this paper, because it seems brushed over compared with how much detail and growth we really see in the ancient Mesopotamian and Egyptian cultures within the article. I did find it interesting how these more modern (by comparison) groups were described as failures in Marquit’s opinion. The Greeks held themselves back by thinking of technology as a lesser endeavor, while the Chinese organized their society in such a way that they did not allow for growth, the lavish lifestyle of the upper class cramped the growth of their area.

William Carlos Williams criticism of The Waste Land-- "copyist tendencies," and "the traditions of plagiarism." from Spring and All. A common criticism.

Vedism and Brahmanism in Buddhist Literature, Srikant Bahulkar

Veda and Tantra In his paper, Prof. Bahulkar offers insight into how certain developments of Buddhist tantras were, a result of Buddhist interlocutors being embedded in constant conversation with and dependent upon the socio-cultural context of Indic Brahmanism and Vedic culture. He mentions many interesting linguistic details like the connection of Mañjuśrī to the concept of the muñja grass, the yogic practices implied by wearing a cord of muñja, and the relationship to Brahma (perhaps in terms of prajña as being, “tat tvaṁ asi”, as indicated in this Monday’s talk). While the most familiar narratives would have it that Mañjuśrī historiographically hailed from the Pancha Śirsa Parvat in China, Bahulkar writes that, “Buddhist tantric cults belong to the same Indian soil where (other) tantric cults emerged” indicating that they did not emerge outside of India, a position which reflects ongoing debates, often politicized considering present and shifting locations of borders, (Nepal and India for example, or Nepal and Tibet) that sometimes take center stage among scholars of tantra regarding the search for an ur-Buddhist tantra. This issue also comes up in my own research on Vajrayoginī and, while it is certainly very intriguing, it can perhaps detract from other fruitful questions which focus upon the detail and the variety of overlapping narratives in which Buddhist tantric traditions emerged and continued to evolve on Indian soil and elsewhere. I admit though, as tempting as it is to want to trace origins, especially considering the vast amount of research initiated by previous scholars in the field, local traditions which may contradict, being more relevant to the experiences of individuals than linear historical time frames, are also worth of scholarly attention. Bahulkar gives a synopsis of the arguments of Sanderson, who broadly supports Kasmiri Saiva origins and of Ruegg, who argues for the influence of local indigenous cults with the addition of Gray, who shows us how the situation is rather complex. Bahulkar certainly indicates how interconnected if not inseparable Veda, Bhrahmanical traditions, Buddhism and tantrism have been over the ages, and to many this, might not be surprising. Given the problematic categorizations of religions and their very political histories however, our own scholarly and linguistic frameworks of tantra, Buddhism, Hinduism, Vedism and indigeneity are often more problematic and also just as interesting as questions of chronology.

This is likely do to the reduced carbohydrate intake rather than increased fat intake. Since carbohydrates generally insulin sensitivity, it's likely that this additional insulin resistance is acting as a confounder (as well as, presumably, a standard deviation widener). Thus, I would expect similar results during hypocaloric carbohydrate restriction.

Irwin Consulting Services Review - Keep your home and family safe against wildfires with these tips

The wildfires reported this year conclude some of the biggest wildfires happened in different areas such as in Los Angeles, British Columbia, and Montana. Wildfires can leave a lot of destroyed homes and properties and even fatalities fast. Its furious flames can spread out on a large scale, making it difficult for firefighters and local authorities to get rid of it. It is often terrifying to witness a huge natural calamity taking place within your area and its results were indeed distressing to see. A wildfire and the path that it is going to take can’t be accurately predicted, which calls for utmost preparation to every household to avoid such grave danger.

But despite this, local authorities and various organizations from many places around the globe are committed to keeping the public safe from the threats of natural calamities. Irwin Consulting Services also belong to those who work hard for the public safety. This post was specifically prepared by them to help every household in keeping their home safe from wildfires.

Make adjustments to your roofs

Think about having rated “A” fire-resistant roofs to further protect your home. Roofs are undeniably the weak-spot of a house when it comes to fires so you must begin making better adjustments on it first. You must also clean the roof on a regular basis to avoid a lot of dead leaves piling up the place and being a fuel to fires.

Create changes to your windows

To better protect your home, your windows should be upgraded to become stronger against fires as well. Choose heat-resistant materials in doing upgrades to your windows. A wildfire that is not yet reaching your home can already show its effects through its extreme heat. That heat can enter the windows and create a fire on drapes and nearby furniture already. Irwin Consulting Services would like you to have fire-rated glasses on your windows and non-combustible shutters too.

Settle on a good location

Choose a convenient location to spend the rest of your lives with your family. Make sure that it is a safe neighborhood and is not prone to frequent fires. You are advised to conduct a thorough research to determine the best location for your family.

Put some modifications on the site layout

Ensure at least 30 meters of distance and incombustible material between the green lands and your home by having wider driveways, patios and low-growing fire-retardant plants. This way, you’re also helping firefighters in bringing their heavy and big equipment near your house in case of fire emergencies.

Maintain a clean surrounding around the green areas

Gather dead and decaying wood and put them away because such can fuel a fire. Get rid of fallen and dead branches too. Think about cutting the branches that were too close to your roof or overhangs it. Make cleaning around the green areas around your home a habit.

Be wary of embers

Eaves and vents openings were the most susceptible parts to flying embers. Once the embers entered through those parts, it could start a fire inside your home. In order to better protect your house, screen those openings and make sure they were properly maintained. Do not forget about cleaning the gutters as well.

Protect your home and your family to the best of your ability and always be prepared for immediate dangers of natural calamities. Trust organizations such as Irwin Consulting Group in helping local authorities in making sure of a safe neighborhood. But aside from their expertise, self-preparation and readiness could save and protect your entire family as well.

mtDNA CO1 is a gene found within the mitochondria, it is used to measure the genetic difference between organisms. A higher mean indicates a larger difference between two organisms, which is indicative of being a different species. (JP)