he basic elements of the superorganism are not cells and tissues but closely cooperating animals

Kommer den artificiella intelligensen att bli bättre på att tänka än den mänskliga? Kognitionsvetaren Peter Gärdenfors förklarar varför så inte är fallet.  Den mänskliga intelligensen består av en rad olika färdigheter och specialiteter som har förfinats under tusentals år. Mycket återstår innan den artificiella intelligensen kan mäta sig med det tänkande som inte bara människor utan även djur har. När vi förstår att vår intelligens är en bred palett av många olika förmågor ter sig tanken på att AI-tekniken trumfar oss i schack och kan skriva avancerade texter inte lika skrämmande. Utifrån ett brett forskningsunderlag förklarar Gärdenfors varför AI-tekniken inte kan och inte kommer att kunna tänka på samma sätt som människor och djur gör. »Peter Gärdenfors tilldelas Natur & Kulturs debattbokspris 2025 för att han fördjupar AI-debattens centrala begrepp och utmanar dess utgångspunkter. Med lätt språk och stabil lärdom blottlägger han tänkandets evolutionärt slipade mekanismer, och skärper bilden av vad intelligens är och vilken plats tekniken intar i vår digitala värld.« – Juryns motivering

1971 – 5.15pm – UFO – Reflections In The Water (ATV Midlands)

We are animals. And as animals, our most important need is a breath of air. Without air for more than three or four minutes, you're either brain damaged or dead. So surely to goodness, air ought to be, as a society, our highest priority. The protection of the quality of air should come before anything else. We are water. Go without water for more than a few days, you're dead. Have to drink contaminated water, you're sick. So surely, water, like air, should be one of our society's highest priorities. And we are created out of the food that we eat. So protecting the soil that gives us our food should be one of our highest priorities. And protecting the photosynthetic capacity of the planet is in our highest self-interest.

the increasing number of tourists is starting to make them feel like exhibits in a zoo

these guys are lemurs 00:19:09 taking hits off of centipedes so they bite centipedes literally get high and they go into these trance-like states I'm sure this is not at all familiar to anyone here 00:19:24 um they get super cuddly uh and then later wake up and go their way but they are seeking a kind of transcendent State of Consciousness Apes will spin they will hang on Vines and spin to get dizzy 00:19:37 and then Dolphins will intentionally inflate puffer fish to get high pass them around in the ultimate puff puff pass right many mammals seek a Transcendent 00:19:57 altered state of being and if they communicate they may well communicate about it

can we build one of these kinds of shapes for animal communication

In terms of evolution, animals adapt to their ecological conditions, but as humans, we have been able to control our ecological conditions.

While we are still a while away from a Google Translate equivalent for animal languages that can decode the nuances of intra-species communication, technology, especially machine learning, is keeping this hope alive. The ability to understand animal languages could open up a realm of possibilities, potentially shaping conservation efforts, determining our future relationship with other species, and even offering insights into the evolution of human language itself. 

The scientific community is, thus, increasingly using technological tools including drones, recorders, robots and AI to study the calls of a range of species, from chickens and rodents, to cats and lemurs.

“Digital technologies, so often associated with our alienation from nature, are offering us an opportunity to listen to nonhumans in powerful ways, reviving our connection to the natural world,”

Researchers are using drones, AI, and digital recorders to create a “zoological version of Google Translate.”

When the hen sees a white oval object on the ground, she cannot leave it; she must keep upon it and return to it, until at last its transformation into a little mass of moving chirping down elicits from her machinery an entirely new set of performances. The love of man for woman, or of the human mother for her babe, our wrath at snakes and our fear of precipices, may all be described similarly, as instances of the way in which peculiarly conformed pieces of the world's furniture will fatally call forth most particular mental and bodily reactions, in advance of, and often in direct opposition to, the verdict of our deliberate reason concerning them. The labours of Darwin and his successors are only just beginning to reveal the universal parasitism of each creature upon other special things, [p.191] and the way in which each creature brings the signature of its special relations stampted on its nervous system with it upon the scene. Every living creature is in fact a sort of lock, whose wards and springs presuppose special forms of key, - which keys however are not born attached to the locks, but are sure to be found in the world near by as life goes on. And the locks are indifferent to any but their own keys. The egg fails to fascinate the hound, the bird does not fear the precipice, the snake waxes not wroth at his kind, the deer cares nothing for the woman or the human babe. Those who wish for a full development of this point of view, should read Schneider's Der thierische Wille, - no other book shows how accurately anticipatory are the actions of animals, of the specific features of the environment in which they are to live.

now we go back to jakub von ogskul and we find him critiquing exactly the 00:09:20 same thing for exactly the same reasons 30 years after john dewey there on the left he has picked out the reflex arc pointing out that it is a linear throughput which leaves no room 00:09:34 for subjectivity no room for intentional action no room for meaning to arise if you if the middle is only animated by inputs then it's a puppet 00:09:47 he replaces this with a model on the right that will whose terms will not be entirely clear to you as you read the article but i want you to notice one thing about it it's circular it's not a linear 00:09:59 throughput it's circular he starts by noting the embeddedness of the body in the world and the fact that the activity of the 00:10:13 body is meaningful at all times and not separable into inputs and outputs his replacement of the linear throughput with this circular model that he elaborates in various ways 00:10:25 is remarkably prescient of the basic cybernetic insight that will arise after the second world war in which it's all feedback systems positive feedback systems negative feedback systems 00:10:37 homeostatic systems um reciprocity is always involved the fact that you do something and something is done to you at the same time that that we dance in the world 00:10:50 rather than standing apart from it and recording a movie of it so his um uncovery of this basic cybernetic principle with which one might approach the body and its being in the world is 00:11:02 remarkably prescient but these profound ideas of vulnerable are often hidden because he's well frankly so charming well he's a problematic character as we'll see lately 00:11:14 but he tells a good story and he does cool experiments

solo thinking isrooted in our lifelong experience of social interaction; linguists and cognitivescientists theorize that the constant patter we carry on in our heads is a kind ofinternalized conversation. Our brains evolved to think with people: to teachthem, to argue with them, to exchange stories with them. Human thought isexquisitely sensitive to context, and one of the most powerful contexts of all isthe presence of other people. As a consequence, when we think socially, wethink differently—and often better—than when we think non-socially.

There was a statue still present, not of Baal, but apparently of a god with the head of dog-eared baboon, the representative of the god Thoth, lending credence to the astronomical theory of the pool’s function, Nigro says.

Cats don't understand smiles, but they have an equivalent: Slow blinking. Slow blinking means: We are cool, we are friends. Beyond that you can just physically pet them, use gentle voice.

Among saints remembered for their peaceful relations with dangerous animals not the least is Gerasimos, shown in icons healing a lion. The story behind the image comes down to us from John Moschos, a monk of Saint Theodosius Monastery near Bethlehem and author of The Spiritual Meadow, a book written in the course of journeys he made in the late sixth and early seventh centuries.

19 Now the Lord God had formed out of the ground all the wild animals(AA) and all the birds in the sky.(AB) He brought them to the man to see what he would name them; and whatever the man called(AC) each living creature,(AD) that was its name. 20 So the man gave names to all the livestock, the birds in the sky and all the wild animals.

"We find essentially no evidence for climate-driven extinctions during the past 126,000 years Instead, we find that human impact explains 96% of all mammal extinctions during that time"

numerous non-human species suffer from psychiatric symptoms. Birds obsess; horses on occasion get pathologically compulsive; dolphins and whales—especially those in captivity—self-mutilate. And that thing when your dog woefully watches you pull out of the driveway from the window—that might be DSM-certified separation anxiety. "Every animal with a mind has the capacity to lose hold of it from time to time" wrote science historian and author Dr. Laurel Braitman in "Animal Madness

schizophrenia. Though psychotic animals may exist, psychosis has never been observed outside of our own species; whereas depression, OCD, and anxiety traits have been reported in many non-human species

The dominion of man over animal that this naming manifests thus comes before original sin and the Fall,6

All this land is populated by people who cover themselves such that only their eyes can be seen; they live in tents and ride in camels. There are animals named lemp [orice] whose skin can be used to make good leather shields.

Baynard

glander-pest

worms

cochineal insect

bird of Jove

humming bird

Juno’s bird

boar

Goat’s

birds

mining swarms

pest

ants’ republic

bugs confederate

Bugs of uncommon shape

reptile-life

insect

cochinille

pest

insects

cochinille

reptile

locust-breed

insect-tribe

poison’d fish

Halcyons

worms

mountain-dove

vermin

rats

Mungoes

Cane-rats

horses

mules

vermin-breed

Misnian arsenic

roasted crabs

alligators

Osyters

alligators

gallinazo

snake

Rats

savage cats

whisker’d vermine-race

monkeys

dogs

droles

pest of wealth

monkey-nation

mules

rats and other vermin

greasy fly

monkeys

yellow fly

steeds

fire-flies

zumbadore

Chigoes or Chigres

turtle

Iguana

doves

ducks

black crabs

ground-lizard

tree-lizard

Drummer

speckled lizard

Harpies

Cockroaches

sand-flies

Mosquitos

dog-star

Fregate

Albacores

Portugese man of war.

monkeys

rats

wild hogs

worm

narrow conception which we have of it; and therefore are wholly confined to the knowledge and use of words:

Sancho had not thought it worth while to hobble Rocinante, feeling sure, from what he knew of his staidness and freedom from incontinence, that all the mares in the Cordova pastures would not lead him into an impropriety. Chance, however, and the devil, who is not always asleep, so ordained it that feeding in this valley there was a drove of Galician ponies belonging to certain Yanguesan carriers, whose way it is to take their midday rest with their teams in places and spots where grass and water abound; and that where Don Quixote chanced to be suited the Yanguesans' purpose very well. It so happened, then, that Rocinante took a fancy to disport himself with their ladyships the ponies, and abandoning his usual gait and demeanour as he scented them, he, without asking leave of his master, got up a briskish little trot and hastened to make known his wishes to them; they, however, it seemed, preferred their pasture to him, and received him with their heels and teeth to such effect that they soon broke his girths and left him naked without a saddle to cover him; but what must have been worse to him was that the carriers, seeing the violence he was offering to their mares, came running up armed with stakes, and so belaboured him that they brought him sorely battered to the ground.

Animals which have disappeared from the country include the jaguar and the crested eagle; endangered animals include two types of bat, the giant anteater, and Baird's tapir. Monkeys, pumas, wild boar, ocelots, reptiles, and several hundred bird species still thrive in the country's mountains and forests, especially where protected by the government.

The secret to the country's impressive biodiversity is its wide range of habitats. Few countries can match Colombia's diversity with its mountains, lowlands, seas, lakes, deserts, and swamps.

f birds, with 1,754

a large Newfoundland puppy and two or three terriers

some of which players can kill and eat (or tame, if they want pets)