Algal bloom is noted by the EPA as a major environmental problem. Essentially, algal blooms are overgrowths of algae. Of course, a natural phenomenon such as this does not know political boundaries, and thus information given on Algal Bloom by the EPA is as valid in Canada as it is in the U.S. Algal blooms are also known as red tides, cyanobacteria, or blue-green algae. Algal blooms are commonly toxic, and the EPA advises people and other animals stay away from water sources that look like they may have algal bloom occurring. This water is commonly green, bad smelling, or scummy. Algal bloom can occur in both marine environments and fresh water environments. In fact, in both these environments, even non-toxic algal blooms can affect the economy and environment. This is because algal blooms can create “dead zones” in the environment they are present in. They also make treatment of drinking water much harder, raising costs of that process. They also hurt industries that rely on clean water to operate. Algal blooms essentially need three things to occur: slow moving water, sunlight, and nutrients. These nutrients include nitrogen and phosphorus. In terms of specific effects of the harmful algal bloom, the human health consequences can be seen as symptoms such as: respiratory problems, stomach illness, liver illness, rashes, and neurological effects. Children drinking nitrates (a common element in algal bloom water) is also very dangerous. Dioxins, which are used to treat water contaminated with the elements of algal bloom, can also be dangerous.
EPA. “Harmful Algal Blooms”. Last modified January 23, 2017.
https://www.epa.gov/nutrientpollution/harmful-algal-blooms