- Last 7 days
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tim.blog tim.blog
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On its surface, Google Images is a humble image search engine. But hiding beneath that surface is a language-learning goldmine: billions of illustrated example sentences, which are both searchable and machine translatable
Suggest that google image headlines are a good source of additional example sentences for grammar learning, as it includes machine translation in the search results on mouse over. Grabs those sentences for flash cards. I think the time used to make the cards may well be the key intervention.
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How do you learn all the complicated bits of “My homework was eaten by my dog”? Simple: Use the explanations and translations in your grammar book to understand what a sentence means, and then use flashcards to memorize that sentence’s component parts, like this:
Suggests making flashcards for each of the three types of changes, in any given example. allows speeding up compared to the book, as you do them w visuals on flash cards, and the spaced rep takes out most examples in a grammar book, leaving you with the repetition you need only.
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n every single language, grammar is conveyed using some combination of three basic operations: grammar adds words (You like it -> Do you like it?), it changes existing words (I eat it -> I ate it), or it changes the order of those words (This is nice -> Is this nice?). That’s it. It’s all we can do. And that lets us break sentences down into grammatical chunks that are very easy to memorize.
Boils grammar down to adding words, changing existing words, changing the order of words. Allows [[Chunking 20210312215715]] that makes it easier to memorise.
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2-3 months Now it’s time to crack open your grammar book. And when you do, you’ll notice some interesting things: First, you’ll find that you’ve built a rock-solid foundation in the spelling and pronunciation system of your language. You won’t even need to think about spelling anymore, which will allow you to focus exclusively on the grammar. Second, you’ll find that you already know most of the words in your textbook’s example sentences. You learned the most frequent words in Stage 2, after all. All you need to do now is discover how your language puts those words together.
3rd stage is the grammar. Suggests using a book, but with the advantage of already knowing the words and spelling of any examples, allowing focus on the grammar. Takes 2-3 months.
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- Nov 2024
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en.wikisource.org en.wikisource.org
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From my experience I cannot doubt but that man, when lost to terrestrial consciousness, is indeed sojourning in another and uncorporeal life of far different nature from the life we know, and of which only the slightest and most indistinct memories linger after waking.
the way the word another takes certain meaning
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- Jul 2024
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truthsocial.com truthsocial.com
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I want to thank The United States Secret Service, and all of Law Enforcement, for their rapid response on the shooting that just took place in Butler, Pennsylvania. Most importantly, I want to extend my condolences to the family of the person at the Rally who was killed, and also to the family of another person that was badly injured. It is incredible that such an act can take place in our Country. Nothing is known at this time about the shooter, who is now dead. I was shot with a bullet that pierced the upper part of my right ear. I knew immediately that something was wrong in that I heard a whizzing sound, shots, and immediately felt the bullet ripping through the skin. Much bleeding took place, so I realized then what was happening. GOD BLESS AMERICA!
via Donald J. Trump on Truth Social
His grammar here just sounds "off" to me.
Much bleeding took place, so I realized then what was happening.
really?
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- May 2024
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embark the path
better phrased as "embark on the path"
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reflecting
seems more correct here to write "reflecting on".
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andgo on a digital search for knowledge turn on my device
A comma is crucially missing after "knowledge", to make it clear that "turn on my device" is an action, rather than "knowledge turn" being a weird thing to search for on my device.
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the question of how the digitallyentangled practice of learning, can be appropriately shaped
comma seems inappropriate here
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the new situation they place us in our learning activity
There is an "in" missing, as it is required both for what "they place us in" and also for how that placement is in our activity: "the new situation they placed us in in our learning activity".
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there is no fulfilling learning, no creativity, and innovative thought
seems ambiguous to leave out negation for the last part of a repeated list. Also, feels confusing albeit technically correct to tie the parts with "and" when negated. Together, seems better to rephrase like this: "there is no fulfilling learning, <del>no</del> creativity, <del>and</del>or innovative thought". Alternatively, if the intent is to emphasize stronger each part, then it feels better to at least explicitly negate the last part, like this: "there is no fulfilling learning, no creativity, and no** innovative thought".
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that
sentence seems incomprehensive - perhaps replace with "those", or is something else misread or wrong?
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can therefore, as Frigga Haug points out, maybe betterdescribed
grammatical error: Change to either "is [...] described" or "can [...] be described".
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- Apr 2024
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www.researchgate.net www.researchgate.net
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As Ramadiro worked his way through this period, he reached severaloverarching conclusions about the available materials. He concluded that muchof the available materials had been written in English, and back-translated toisiXhosa, and as such were not based on the linguistic logic of isiXhosa. They didnot take advantage of the home (oral) language resources of children in isiXhosaas the basis to build reading and writing skills. Second, taken together they didnot constitute a balanced reading programme guided by contemporary readingresearch (Pressley, 2006). There was no set of materials that combined a wholereading approach with systematic language skills (phonics, grammar etc.) inBefore... After...
Much of the available resources have been written in English and then back-translated, which is a problem; I need to find a way to ensure that's not a problem when doing my master's. I will need linguistic experts in each language. Where do I find these unicorns?
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www.facebook.com www.facebook.com
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◆ a row of ugly, squat houses *一排低矮難看的房子My edit:一排醜陋的違建;一排難看的違建 ★ squat houses 是「違建」,不是低矮的房子。
蘇老師在此改掉錯誤理解 squat house 為「低矮的房子」,稱正解為「違建」,但我有不同看法如下。
一、如果原例句中在ugly之後真如蘇老師所引述有一個逗號,那麼逗號後的squat根據文法必然是不折不扣的形容詞,意思就是低矮難看。經查,劍橋英英高階學習詞典的確在意爲「低矮難看」的形容詞squat詞項下給了這個例子,所以原翻譯「一排低矮難看的房子」是正確無誤的。
二、假設我們看到的例子,ugly後沒有逗號:
a row of ugly squat houses
問題就來了,這樣寫,squat house視爲一個複合名詞(名詞+名詞)的機會更大,這裡名詞squat源自動詞squat(非法占用房屋)的意思,而squat house意思就是:被人非法占用的房屋。
然而,理解為「違建」則是錯的。違建是建築物本身違法興建起來,但 squat house 本身除非特例,否則當爲合法的建築,只是恰被非法占用、占住,尤其在貧民區裡經常有遊民非法占用空置建築的情形。
例如,以下找到某書中的 squat house 實際用例:有個人非法占住某間 squat house,被警察趕出。
結論:a row of ugly, squat houses 的確是「一排低矮難看的房子」,文法上不允許把「squat house」理解為「被占用的房子」,如果更進一步,不僅無視文法且誤解「squat」而誤解爲房子本身「違建」,那就該反省自己是否真的理解這句英文了!
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- Mar 2024
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edtechbooks.org edtechbooks.org
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.e.g.,
E.g.,
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Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA)
Formatting suggestion: H3. (I like that you include the acronym here. I'd do that for CTA as well, which uses an acronym.)
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variety
Missing the word "of" between "variety" and "task.". Alternatively, you might say "There are myriad task analysis methods."
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you
"to"
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- Feb 2024
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athenaze.com athenaze.comAthenaze1
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Cross reference with Hans H. Ørberg's LINGVA LATINA for Latin.
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www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
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exposure with compensating
*exposure, compensating
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shows
*show
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- Jan 2024
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www.books.com.tw www.books.com.tw
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建築的拱窗高大漆黑,窗旁石磚等距排列,延伸到牆邊。
Tall dark arched windows, framed with stone bricks, punctuated the front wall, equidistant from each other.
這裡,punctuate 是句子的及物動詞,動詞的主詞是拱窗,不是石磚。
是拱窗點綴前牆,不是石磚延伸到牆。 是拱窗彼此間等距,不是石磚等距排列。
如要描述石磚,punctuated 會寫成 punctuating。
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- Dec 2023
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github.com github.com
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the class'
the class's
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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London Grammar - Nightcall (Live at Lowlands 2017) [YouTube]
site:: [[YouTube]] channel:: Magic Punk url:: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wkF9w86XXKU accessed:: 2023-12-09 17:20
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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London Grammar - Sights [Official Video] - YouTube
site:: [[YouTube]] channel:: London Grammar url:: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UBxxEyVIdO4 accessed:: 2023-12-09 12:10
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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London Grammar (2009-) - Wikipedia, English
site:: [[Wikipedia]] url:: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_Grammar accessed:: 2023-12-09 12:05
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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London Grammar - Full Performance (Live on KEXP)
site:: [[YouTube]] date:: 2013-11-11 url:: https://youtu.be/v-cmmT3YoF0 accessed:: 2023-12-08 19:15
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- Nov 2023
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www.facebook.com www.facebook.com
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剛剛 在 一英英字典裡 看到 這個例句, 我很是納悶.We're dealing wiht decades of bad decisions that are coming back to roost now.一般來說, 若我要翻譯, 看到of我會由後往前翻, 但這裡的 decades of bad decisions 若這樣翻, 會很奇怪. 所以 來請教大家.
這應該是填鴨式教育(rote learning)的遺害吧?看到「of」就自動由後往前翻,分明就是不問理由,只被教導要這樣做、這樣解題,我彷彿可以聽到某某國中英語老師或某補習班名師如此耳提面命:
看到 A of B,意思就是 (屬於)B 的 A B 要先翻出來 不要問爲什麼,老師是教你如何秒殺 OF 介系詞。
This is a doozy of an example of rote learning. 這是最棒的一個填鴨式教育的範例。
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www.okta.com www.okta.com
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When users sign in to an app or site
correct
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www.facebook.com www.facebook.com
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They only will see
"People won't see your struggles. They only will see your success."
Actually, I will place "only" only before "your success". No other position is precise enough.
這裡的only,我只會放在 your success 前面,因它修飾的對象是名詞 your success,不是 people,不是 will,也不是 see。
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www.mdek12.org www.mdek12.org
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dverbial: Any structure (word, phrase, or clause) that functions as a modifier ofa verb and fills the role of an adverb.
根據CamGEL的定義: adverbial 是 function (功能) adverb 是 category (詞類)
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www.sciencedirect.com www.sciencedirect.com
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Participants were asked to listen to 40 short English speech samples, half of which contained grammatical errors against articles (e.g., a/an, the).
Only grammatical articles of English (the, a/an) are used for measurement in this study. While valid, it's a rather small (though important) subset of grammar. (note using Hypothesis)
2nd para added (testing 3-min auto sync)
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languagetool.org languagetool.org
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- Oct 2023
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www.thoughtco.com www.thoughtco.com
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In this book, grammar refers to the manner in which the language functions, the ways that the blocks of speech and writing are put together. Usage refers to using specific words in a manner that will be thought of as either acceptable or unacceptable. The question of whether or not to split an infinitive is a consideration of grammar; the question of whether one should use literally in a nonliteral sense is one of usage."
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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Is there a list of every possibility a Latin verb can take on, and it's English meaning? .t3_17hvr75._2FCtq-QzlfuN-SwVMUZMM3 { --postTitle-VisitedLinkColor: #9b9b9b; --postTitleLink-VisitedLinkColor: #9b9b9b; --postBodyLink-VisitedLinkColor: #989898; }
I've not used Mango before, but if it's like other similar apps (Duolingo, Babel, etc.) which focus primarily on spoken language and general understanding over grammar (and you've never learned other languages or had a good grounding in grammar) you're likely going to be a tad lost. These apps usually focus on spoken fluency over reading/writing which is how most Latin grammar books and high school/college courses are traditionally laid out.
You've got options:
- ignore your question(s) and move on with what the app presents and you'll slowly/eventually catch on naturally, which is how many apps geared toward fluency are meant to be done. Trust that eventually your questions will be cleared up, or
- pick up a Latin grammar and begin working your way through the structured reading/writing approach, or
- do a little of both approaches depending on what your focus for reading, writing, and speaking Latin may be.
Your question will become much clearer to you when you've seen how verbs are parsed within a grammar textbook (using person, number, and tense) as they're very logically and rigidly structured outside of a handful of irregular verbs. (Most books present these as a grid of two columns (by number: singular/plural) and three rows (first, second, third person).) As a beginner, you'll be glad to know there hasn't been a huge jump in the state of the art in Latin for several hundred years, so even inexpensive, used copies of Wheelock, Allen & Greenough, or Jenny/Scudder/Baade or a trip to the library for one of them should help you along your way. Once you've seen some of the grammatical structure of verbs and how they work, you'll come to understand that a list like what you're looking for isn't really what you're looking for.
You could, likely, in a couple of days have a rote memorization of most of the forms of almost all verbs such that when you encounter them, but in practice this means that you have to pick each one apart like a formula as you encounter them. You may be better off practicing/drilling each of the ones you encounter to make it an elemental part of you. This way you'll be able to sight read or listen and respond much more quickly and much faster than anyone who learns from standard grammars.
Good luck!
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Local file Local file
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Motherese is not grammatically simple. That impression is an illusion; grammar is so instinctive thatwe do not appreciate which constructions are complex, until we try to work out the rules behindthem. Motherese is riddled with questions containing who, what, and where, which are among themost complicated constructions in English
Interesting point, that makes sense when you think about it. I do consider them myself, but only because of extensive exposure to relevant theory and some practice.
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www-nybooks-com.libezproxy.open.ac.uk www-nybooks-com.libezproxy.open.ac.uk
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At the time of the publication of Aspects of the Theory of Syntax it seemed that all of the semantically relevant parts of the sentence, all the things that determine its meaning, were contained in the deep structure of the sentence. The examples we mentioned above fit in nicely with this view. “I like her cooking” has different meanings because it has different deep structures though only one surface structure; “The boy will read the book” and “The book will be read by the boy” have different surface structures, but one and the same deep structure, hence they have the same meaning.
This section helped me understand a key feature
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- Aug 2023
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createanyai.sharepoint.com createanyai.sharepoint.com
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I am also considering to pursue a PhD in “Machine Learning & Data Analytics for IoT” based on my learnings from the MSc in Analytics.
I am also considering pursuing a PhD in “Machine Learning & Data Analytics for IoT” based on my learnings from the MSc in Analytics.
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After graduation, I look forward to becoming an analytics expert and take up data scientist roles and continue to research further to the field of data sciences.
After graduation, I look forward to becoming an analytics expert, taking up data scientist roles, and continuing to research further in the field of data sciences.
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The UChicago’s vast and in-depth curriculum across analytics verticals acts as a true differentiator from other universities.
UChicago's vast and in-depth curriculum across analytics verticals acts as a true differentiator from other universities.
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The research and patents of Professor Anil D. Chaturvedi continue to inspire me to further continue working on this and research in on Marketing Analytics.
The research and patents of Professor Anil D. Chaturvedi continue to inspire me to further continue working on this and conduct research in Marketing Analytics.
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We have filed a patent5,6 on this initiative with Intellectual Property India and completing PCT filing with World Intellectual Property Organization.
We have filed a patent5,6 on this initiative with Intellectual Property India and are completing PCT filing with the World Intellectual Property Organization.
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Our device encompasses advanced technologies4 to accomplish this.
Our device uses advanced technologies4 to accomplish this.
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We employ IoT3 to collect various data-points from every garbage bins in an area and help save costs by optimizing collection routes between overflowing bins.
We employ IoT3 to collect various data-points from every garbage bin in an area and help save costs by optimizing collection routes between overflowing bins.
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As a graduate student at University of Chicago, I would continue learning essential management concepts and grow as a leader through capstone projects, corporate projects and aligned course as well as learn more about NLP courses from courses like “Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Cognitive”.
As a graduate student at the University of Chicago, I will continue learning essential management concepts and grow as a leader through capstone projects, corporate projects, and aligned courses. I will also learn more about NLP from courses like "Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Cognitive".
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My work also involves project management and understanding and working with cross-functional technology and business teams while managing stringent timelines.
My work also involves project management, understanding, and working with cross-functional technology and business teams while managing stringent timelines.
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If I had a deeper knowledge of NLP techniques, I could improve this bot extensively to even handle complex queries and also take up transactions like payments and change of subscription packages.
If I had a deeper knowledge of NLP techniques, I could improve this bot significantly to handle complex queries and manage transactions such as payments and changes to subscription packages.
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I recently developed a conversational chatbot which handles FAQ based queries for one of the USA’s largest direct broadcast satellite service provider.
I recently developed a conversational chatbot that handles FAQ-based queries for one of the USA's largest direct broadcast satellite service providers.
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Along with this, I am currently exploring other segments, where we focus on utilizing chatbots for conversations and hence further bring down the operation cost.
Along with this, I am currently exploring other segments where we focus on utilizing chatbots for conversations, thereby further reducing operational costs.
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As a part of the Data Sciences group, we design models which identify customers who need assistance with their purchase, hence improving customer’s experience, engagement and conversions while lowering operational cost.
As a part of the Data Sciences group, we design models that identify customers who need assistance with their purchases, thereby improving customers' experiences, engagement, and conversions while lowering operational costs.
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This then led our client change the way they market to customers across both e-commerce and walk-in stores.
This then led our client to change the way they market to customers across both e-commerce and walk-in stores.
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A particularly edifying experience was when I was leading a team working on an important marketing analytics assignment for one of world’s largest retailer’s ecommerce business.
A particularly edifying experience was when I was leading a team working on an important marketing analytics assignment for one of the world’s largest retailers' ecommerce business.
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I secured the highest score in my school for Computer Science and this lead me further to my under-graduation in Information Science engineering in 2010.
I secured the highest score in my school for Computer Science, which led me to pursue my undergraduate degree in Information Science Engineering in 2010.
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While I always loved solving probability and statistics questions during my high school, I also developed a niche for technology when my computer science teacher used to challenge me to solve using difficult programming questions like Adaptive quiz system, library management system, and Sudoku solver.
While I always loved solving probability and statistics questions in high school, I also developed a niche for technology when my computer science teacher used to challenge me with difficult programming tasks like creating an Adaptive Quiz System, Library Management System, and Sudoku Solver.
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While I always loved solving probability and statistics questions during my high school, I also developed a niche for technology when my computer science teacher used to challenge me to solve using difficult programming questions like Adaptive quiz system, library management system, and Sudoku solver.
While I always loved solving probability and statistics questions in high school, I also developed a niche for technology when my computer science teacher used to challenge me with difficult programming tasks like creating an Adaptive Quiz System, Library Management System, and Sudoku Solver.
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While I always loved solving probability and statistics questions during my high school, I also developed a niche for technology when my computer science teacher used to challenge me to solve using difficult programming questions like Adaptive quiz system, library management system, and Sudoku solver.
While I always loved solving probability and statistics questions in high school, I also developed a niche for technology when my computer science teacher used to challenge me with difficult programming tasks like creating an Adaptive Quiz System, Library Management System, and Sudoku Solver.
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While I always loved solving probability and statistics questions during my high school, I also developed a niche for technology when my computer science teacher used to challenge me to solve using difficult programming questions like Adaptive quiz system, library management system, and Sudoku solver.
While I always loved solving probability and statistics questions in high school, I also developed a niche for technology when my computer science teacher used to challenge me with difficult programming tasks like creating an Adaptive Quiz System, Library Management System, and Sudoku Solver.
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This then led our client change the way they market to customers across both e-commerce and walk-in stores.
This then led our client to change the way they market to customers across both e-commerce and walk-in stores.
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A particularly edifying experience was when I was leading a team working on an important marketing analytics assignment for one of world’s largest retailer’s ecommerce business.
A particularly edifying experience was when I was leading a team working on an important marketing analytics assignment for one of the world’s largest retailers' ecommerce business.
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I secured the highest score in my school for Computer Science and this lead me further to my under-graduation in Information Science engineering in 2010.
I secured the highest score in my school for Computer Science, which led me to pursue my undergraduate degree in Information Science Engineering in 2010.
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While I always loved solving probability and statistics questions during my high school, I also developed a niche for technology when my computer science teacher used to challenge me to solve using difficult programming questions like Adaptive quiz system, library management system, and Sudoku solver.
While I always loved solving probability and statistics questions in high school, I also developed a niche for technology when my computer science teacher used to challenge me with difficult programming tasks like creating an Adaptive Quiz System, Library Management System, and Sudoku Solver.
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- Jun 2023
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www.semanticscholar.org www.semanticscholar.org
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We strongly advocate conducting future studies to evaluate the performance of LLMs in annotating other linguistic phenomena
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- Apr 2023
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www.dekudeals.com www.dekudeals.com
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The first Mr. DRILLER game for the Nintendo Switch™ featuring updated graphics and HD cutscenes!
Ambiguous. Missing a comma before "featuring"?
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- Mar 2023
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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"Built in to" appears when you use the phrasal verb "build in" followed by an infinitive, but that is not what you are trying to do in your sentence.There's an electronic switch built in to stop all data transfers.
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www.chompchomp.com www.chompchomp.com
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english.stackexchange.com english.stackexchange.com
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Using a hyphen is the wrongest thing to do here.
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archive.org archive.org
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https://archive.org/details/apracticalgramm00adlegoog/page/n2/mode/2up
An interesting find! This Latin Grammar appears to be that of Francis James Childs, the eminent folklorist and Harvard's first Professor of English.
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- Feb 2023
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duome.eu duome.eu
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https://duome.eu/chrisaldrich/progress
Duolingo progress with words and grammar tabs
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mnscu-my.sharepoint.com mnscu-my.sharepoint.com
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Wolff, Tobias. “Bullet in the Brain.” The New Yorker, September 17, 1995. https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/1995/09/25/bullet-in-the-brain.
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- Jan 2023
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www.cde.state.co.us www.cde.state.co.us
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Collaborates with apercentage teachers
A percentage of teachers?
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www.merriam-webster.com www.merriam-webster.com
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Nice try, but it's still full of exceptions. To make the above jingle accurate, it'd need to be something like: I before e, except after c Or when sounded as 'a' as in 'neighbor' and 'weigh' Unless the 'c' is part of a 'sh' sound as in 'glacier' Or it appears in comparatives and superlatives like 'fancier' And also except when the vowels are sounded as 'e' as in 'seize' Or 'i' as in 'height' Or also in '-ing' inflections ending in '-e' as in 'cueing' Or in compound words as in 'albeit' Or occasionally in technical words with strong etymological links to their parent languages as in 'cuneiform' Or in other numerous and random exceptions such as 'science', 'forfeit', and 'weird'.
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- Dec 2022
- Nov 2022
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stackoverflow.com stackoverflow.com
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To setup it
Wow
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writingexplained.org writingexplained.org
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“Have you brought your time sheet up to date yet?”
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web.archive.org web.archive.org
- Oct 2022
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raku.org raku.org
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grammar Parser { rule TOP { I <love> <lang> } token love { '♥' | love } token lang { < Raku Perl Rust Go Python Ruby > } } say Parser.parse: 'I ♥ Raku'; # OUTPUT: 「I ♥ Raku」 love => 「♥」 lang => 「Raku」 say Parser.parse: 'I love Perl'; # OUTPUT: 「I love Perl」 love => 「love」 lang => 「Perl」
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Definable grammars for pattern matching and generalized string processing
annotation meta: may need new tag: "definable __"?
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Local file Local file
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Rhetoric should be taken at aboutfourteen, the first category of pupil should study Grammar from about nineto eleven, and Dialectic from twelve to fourteen;
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www.amazon.com www.amazon.com
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openvalidation.io openvalidation.io
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Machines understand languages, that are formal and rigid, with unique and unambiguous instructions that are interpreted in precisely one way. Those formal, abstract languages, and programming languages in general, are hard to understand for humans like ourselves. Primarily, they are tailored towards the requirements of the machine. The user is therefore forced to adapt to the complexity of the formal language.
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Instead of forcing humans to understand the complex inner workings of machines, we should construct machines in a way, so they better understand us humans!
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- Sep 2022
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www.probizwriters.com www.probizwriters.com
- Aug 2022
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The most challenging theoretical problem in linguistics is that of discoveringthe principles of universal grammar that interweave with the rules of particulargrammars to provide explanations for phenomena that appear arbitrary andchaotic.
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I use the asterisk in the conventional way, to indicate a sentence that deviates in some respectfrom grammatical rule.
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In practice, the linguist is always involved in the study of both universal andparticular grammar.
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The death-knell of philosophical grammar was soundedwith the remarkable successes of comparative Indo-European studies, whichsurely rank among the outstanding achievements of nineteenth-century science.
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such major figures of renaissancegrammar as the Spanish scholar Sanctius. Sanctius, in particular, had developeda theory of ellipsis that had great influence on philosophical grammar.
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It seems that one of the innovations of the Port-RoyalGrammar of 1660 – the work that initiated the tradition of philosophical gram-mar – was its recognition of the importance of the notion of the phrase as agrammatical unit.
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the Port-RoyalGrammar and Logic,
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Leonard Bloom-field gives an account of philosophical grammar in his major work, Language,
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open.library.okstate.edu open.library.okstate.edu
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everywhere it seems
everywhere, it seems
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- Jul 2022
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there has been a tendency in popular discussion to confuse “deep structure”with “generative grammar” or with “universal grammar.” And a number of pro-fessional linguists have repeatedly confused what I refer to here as “the creativeaspect of language use” with the recursive property of generative grammars, avery different matter.
Noam Chomsky felt that there was a tendency for people to confuse the ideas of deep structure with the ideas of either generative grammar or universal grammar. He also thought that professional linguists confused what he called "the creative aspect of language use" with the recursive property of generative grammars.
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- May 2022
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yt-project.github.io yt-project.github.io
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particular
in particular ?
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supports
support or supporting
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susbtantial
substantial
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This collection of three classes of fields
hanging sentence
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researcher
a researcher or researchers
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- Apr 2022
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style.mla.org style.mla.org
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In most cases, you need not use a comma before too at the end of a sentence or commas around it midsentence:
Interesting
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- Mar 2022
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inst-fs-iad-prod.inscloudgate.net inst-fs-iad-prod.inscloudgate.net
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Capitalization conveys a certain distinction, the elevated position of humans and their creations in the hierarchy of beings. Biologists have widely adopted the convention of not capital-izing the common names of plants and animals unless they include the name of a human being or an official place name. Thus, the first blossoms of the spring woods are written as bloodroot and the pink star of a California woodland is Kellogg’s tiger lily. This seemingly trivial grammatical rulemaking in fact expresses deeply held assump-tions about human exceptionalism, that we are somehow different and indeed better than the other species who surround us. Indigenous ways of understanding recognize the personhood of all beings as equally important, not in a hierarchy but a circle.
Rules for capitalization in English give humans elevated hierarchical positions over animals, plants, insects, and other living things. We should revise this thinking and capitalize words like Maple, Heron, and Mosquito when we talking of beings and only use only use the lower case when referring to broad categories or concepts like maples, herons, and humans.
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- Feb 2022
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thelatinlibrary.com thelatinlibrary.com
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ut
purpose clause
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eo minus
adverbial - "that much less", "because of that...less"
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pluris esse a Syracusanis istius adventu deos quam victoria Marcelli homines desideratos
pluris...quam sets up a comparison between deos and homines desideratos
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habetote
2nd person plural imperative - "think of it this way," "understand the situation this way"
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esto
archaic imperative - "let it be so," "granted"
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honestius
comparative neuter singular adjective: "a more respectable thing"
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dictu
supine form - "unbelievable to say/in saying"
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ornamento urbi
double dative - ornamento is a dative of purpose, urbi a dative of advantage
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victoriae
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periculi nihil
periculi is a partitive genitive with nihil: no amount of danger
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URL
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thelatinlibrary.com thelatinlibrary.com
- Jan 2022
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thelatinlibrary.com thelatinlibrary.com
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qui
adverbial - =quo or quomodo
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plurimum valet
internal accusative - plurimum "the most", "to the greatest degree"
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tam servi illi dominorum quam tu libidinum
tam...quam are correlatives, "as...as" (comparing dominorum with libidinum)
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Venit enim mihi fani, loci, religionis illius in mentem
venit in mentem + gen
With gen. (so mostly in Cic.): non minus saepe ei venit in mentem potestatis, quam aequitatis tuae, he bethought himself of, Cic. Quint. 2, 6: tibi tuarum virtutum veniat in mentem, id. de Or. 2, 61, 249: venit mihi Platonis in mentem, id. Fin. 5, 1, 2: solet mihi in mentem venire illius temporis, id. Fam. 7, 3, 1.—
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ad muliebrem vestem conficiendam
gerundive expressing purpose - muliebrem vestem is the object
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infitiandi
gerund, active in voice infitior, ari - to deny
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classe quondam Masinissae regis ad eum locum adpulsa
ablative absolute
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quo
antecedent is Eo [loco]
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in iis praesertim sacris polluendis
polluendis is a gerund-replacing gerundive which takes iis sacris as its object, it's active in voice
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sacrari spoliandi
spoliandi is a gerund-replacing gerundive, so it's active in meaning and takes sacrari as its object
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ad spoliandum fanum
passive periphrastic (like Carthago delenda est)
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ne ornandi quidem causa
ne...quidem: even ornandi is a gerund (active verbal noun) causa takes a genitive before it: "for the sake of ___"
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auxilio
double dative with tibi - tibi is the dative of advantage, auxilio the dative of purpose
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quanti
genitive of value/price
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faciendum est? num argumentis utendum in re eius modi? Quaerendum
faciendum, utendum, and quaerendum are all passive periphrastic uses of the gerundive (like "Carthago delenda est")
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quod ubique erit pulcherrimum auferet
note the tense
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Facilius enim perspicietur qualis apud eos fueris qui te oderunt, qui accusant, qui persequuntur, cum apud tuos Mamertinos inveniare improbissima ratione esse praedatus.
Facilius enim perspicietur
- qualis apud eos fueris
- __qui te oderunt, qui accusant, qui persequuntur,
- __cum [apud tuos Mamertinos] inveniare improbissima ratione esse praedatus.
<br><br> inveniare is a second person singular passive subjunctive form.
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For centuries the standard work on Latin grammar was the 12th- century Doctrinale, by Alexander of Villedieu, in 2,000 lines of doggerel. Versified rules were easier to remember, though their crudity appalled Aldus Manutius when he reprinted this work in 1501.
Alexander de Villedieu's Latin grammer Doctrinale from the 12th century was the standard work on the subject. Its 2,000 lines of doggerel were used as a mnemonic device because they were easier to remember. Famed publisher Aldus Manutius was appalled at their crude nature when he reprinted the book in 1501.
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在寫論文時才會發現自己有很多容易忽略的小錯誤,例如單複數、主謂一致等,明白自己在語句結構上有許多需要加強的地方。
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podcasts.ox.ac.uk podcasts.ox.ac.uk
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J.R.R. Tolkien purchased a copy of John Morris-Jones's (1864-1929) A Welsh Grammar when he was at Exeter.
https://archive.org/search.php?query=A%20Welsh%20grammar%20%3A%20historical%20and%20comparative
timestamp [8:13]
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human.libretexts.org human.libretexts.org
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badeditor
add space
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s
delete "s"
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theirentire
space
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- your choice of editing software
suggested: ...or your choice of editing software. The various software....
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notthe
not the
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Create separate sentences vs using hyphenation
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- Dec 2021
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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thelatinlibrary.com thelatinlibrary.com
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sigilla perparvula
diminutives of signum and parvus
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Horam
accusative of extent of time
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convulsis repagulis ecfractisque valvis
ablative absolute<br> convulsus - shaken, torn apart<br> repagula, -ae - bolt<br> valva, -ae - door
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duce Timarchide
ablative absolute
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attritius
comparative neuter singular adjective - "more" or "rather" attritum
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non tam multum in istis rebus intellego quam multa vidi
tam and quam are correlatives: "as as_"
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deportatum
i.e., publicae litterae sunt in quas dicitur...
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commodaturum
commodo, -are - to lend future active participle (esse implied makes it a future infinitive)
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conarere
2nd person singular deponent imperfect subjunctive
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praesidi nihil esse
praesidi is a partitive genitive here - "nothing of/no amount of praesidium" = no praesidium
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utrum
introduces an either/or question (an is or)
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Quo cruciatu sit adfectus
indirect question
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cum domi nobilem tum summo magistratu praeditum
cum - tum are correlatives, "not only - but also"
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minatur
deponent
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Carthagine capta
ablative absolute
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ut urbi quoque esset ornamento
result clause containing a double dative - urbi (dative of advantage) and ornamento (dative of purpose)
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potius incipiam quam
potius is a comparative adverb ("rather") with quam ("than")
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quo pacto distinguere ac separare possim
indirect question
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caederet
potential subjunctive
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fore
= futurum esse
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Quod cum illis qui aderant indignum, qui audiebant incredibile videretur
i.e. "quod indignum videretur illis
- qui aderant, [et illis]
- qui audiebant <br>incredibile videretur...
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defensor
defensor [postulat]
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ne sit
jussive subjunctive
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desinat queri
desinat = jussive subjunctive queri = deponent infinitive
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iudici
iudex, iudicis
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plurimum posse
internal accusative - "can do the most" or "has the most power"
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arbitrabere
second person future passive/deponent
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Carthagine deleta
ablative absolute
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recuperarint
=recuperaverint (perfect subjunctive)
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demoliendum et asportandum nomenque omnino P. Scipionis delendum tollendumque
future passive participles, i.e. gerundives in a passive periphrastic (think "Carthago delenda est")
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patieris
future deponent patior, pati, pativi, passus: to allow
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relinques aut deseres
future indicative
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tuebitur
deponent tueor, tueri: to keep safe, protect
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Annotators
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www.bartleby.com www.bartleby.com
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Form the possessive singular of nouns with 's. Follow this rule whatever the final consonant. Thus write, Charles's friend Burns's poems the witch's malice
Possessive singular ends with 's, excerpt for ancient possessive proper names in -es and -is, Jesus', and "such forms as"(*?) righteousness' and consciousness'. Another is "Achilles' heel" (for the sake of equation let's use R' for Achilles'(/possessor noun) and D for heel(/possessed noun)). Typically "R' D" is replaced by "D of R" i.e. the heel of Achilles, for the sake of consciousness, etc.
*Presumably a noun, not necessarily abstract though perhaps, ending with a "s" sound.
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This is the usage of the United States Government Printing Office and of the Oxford University Press. Exceptions are the possessives of ancient proper names in -es and -is, the possessive Jesus', and such forms as for conscience' sake, for righteousness' sake. But such forms as Achilles' heel, Moses' laws, Isis' temple are commonly replaced by the heel of Achilles the laws of Moses the temple of Isis The pronominal possessives hers, its, theirs, yours, and oneself have no apostrophe.
The pronominal possessives hers, yours, theirs, its, and oneself have no apostrophe.
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- Nov 2021
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Local file Local file
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thelatinlibrary.com thelatinlibrary.com
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penditote.
an archaic form of the second person imperative of pendo, pendere
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Annotators
URL
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latin.packhum.org latin.packhum.org
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mercede accepta
ablative absolute
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www.cnbc.com www.cnbc.com
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A list of useless filler phrases and softeners that are generally unnecessary. including the word "just". Worth exploring these in more depth.
I'm not sure I believe the "think"/"believe" one.
“I think this would ...” What to say instead: “I believe this would …”
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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In one particularly ingenious entry, she explains the demise of the full stop (or, in American English, the “period”). If you have ever wondered why putting such once-crucial punctation in emails, phone messages or tweets now feels so awkward, here is the answer: “The period can feel so emphatic as to sound sarcastic, the internet’s version of ‘puh-leeze’ and ‘no, thank you’ and ‘srsly’ rolled into one tiny dot.” It can easily come across as passive-aggressive. Exclamation marks, moreover, “now convey warmth and sincerity”; failing to use them runs the risk of making the person you are messaging feel uncertain and anxious.
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- Oct 2021
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medium.com medium.com
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with low
with a low
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&
and
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NFT’s
NFTs. Apostrophe is used to denote ownership and not necessary here
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Lets
let's
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left over
I'd prefer using 'leftover' instead if using before the word tickets
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&
and
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Lets
should be let's. see above
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ChainMyth
for consistency, should stick with 'Chain Myth' (keep the space)
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&
and instead of &
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Lets
I would use Let's
Let's = let us Lets = to allow
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‘Chain Myth’
no need for the quotation marks
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