1. Last 7 days
    1. This divide has everything to do with regional music tastes. Take Kendrick Lamar: The California rapper commands roughly 10% of streaming activity in his home state's cities. But he also dominates in places like Detroit, Portland, and Phoenix — cities far from California but culturally receptive to his West Coast sound. Meanwhile, he gets minimal play in Southern strongholds like Memphis and Nashville, where country music reigns.

      This divide highlights the influence of regional music preferences. Take Kendrick Lamar, for example: the California rapper accounts for roughly 10% of streaming activity in his home state's cities. However, he also enjoys significant popularity in cities like Detroit, Portland, and Phoenix, far from home, where listeners embrace his West Coast sound. In contrast, he gets minimal play in Southern strongholds like Memphis and Nashville, where country music reigns.

    2. Kendrick Lamar commands 10% of streaming (nearly equal to #1), with Travis Scott, Eminem, and Future all in the top 15

      Kendrick Lamar commands 10% of streams—nearly matching the #1 pop artist—while Travis Scott, Eminem, and Future all secure spots in the top 15.

    3. 79% of U.S. charts feature American artists (#6 globally for local loyalty) California owns hometown pride: LA dedicates 28% to local artists vs Chicago's 0.2% Genre beats geography: Tennessee's Morgan Wallen (7%) nearly matches St. Louis natives Chappell Roan and SZA combined (8%) — in their own city American music conquers the Anglosphere: Canada gives 76% of chart positions to U.S. music, but India resists at just 2%
      • 79% of U.S. charts feature American artists (#6 globally for local loyalty)
      • California owns hometown pride: Los Angeles dedicates 28% to local artists, vs Chicago’s 0.2%.
      • Genre beats geography: Tennessee’s Morgan Wallen (7%) nearly matches St. Louis natives Chappell Roan and SZA combined (8%) in their own city.
      • American music conquers the Anglosphere: Canada allocates 76% of chart positions to U.S. music, while India resists at just 2%.
    4. American listeners are fiercely loyal to their own talent. Based on our analysis of Spotify's weekly charts, U.S.-based artists captured 79% of chart positions within the country, placing the U.S. 6th out of 73 countries in local artist loyalty. The U.S. trails only countries like India, Italy, and Vietnam when it comes to favoring local artists, but dominates European markets where local artists capture just 29% in the UK, 48% in Germany, and 60% in France.

      American listeners are fiercely loyal to their own talent. Based on our analysis of Spotify's weekly charts, U.S.-based artists captured 79% of chart positions within the country, placing the U.S. 6th out of 73 in local artist loyalty. The U.S. trails only countries like India, Italy, and Vietnam in favoring local artists more. Still, it dominates European markets, where local artists capture just 29% in the UK, 48% in Germany, and 60% in France.

    1. uspects carrying bacteria and parasites that cause maladies like Lyme disease, anaplasmosis or babesiosis.

      Interesting to see other diseases associated with tick bites such as anaplasmosis or babesiosis, as often we only hear about Lyme disease in the media

    1. A negative attitude can prevent students from being successful in college by causing them to focus on things such as time out, social media, and shows more than their school work and grades.

    2. Today: I want to get this half of the discussion done and take some time to myself to watch my show. This week: I want to get all my school work done and go out to the football game. This month: I want to focus on my school work while also focusing on balancing my social life.

  2. myclasses.sunyempire.edu myclasses.sunyempire.edu
    1. Theprofession was also greatly influenced by technological advances such as the microcomputer,interactive video, CD-ROM, and the Internet.

      It's hard to believe that students I currently teach have no idea what some of these technological advances were even from 1994. I know in 30 years we will be questioning some of the new advancements happening now in 2025.

    2. However, in the past 50years the terms that have been used most frequently have been andeducational technology

      When telling others what my masters degree is in, they are like huh? I can see that the terms have been changed and still today, many don't know the definition of the field.

  3. moodle-courses2527.wolfware.ncsu.edu moodle-courses2527.wolfware.ncsu.edu
    1. The most obvious difference

      Some other things I thought of that could influence how they respond to habitat loss are the reproductive difference btwn moths and butterflies as well as their dispersal strengths.

    2. mobility (nine classes

      Looking into this a little more this is measured by a couple things. movement driven by resource availability, movement due to seasonal migrations, or restricted movement, just to name a few.

    3. In fragmented habitats, species with high reproductivepotential may suffer less because a large number ofoffspring implies a large number of potential emigrants,increasing the chance of colonization of empty habitatpatches

      Its also important to note there are negatives to high reproductive potential in fragmented habitats. For example; low parental investment in offspring, specialist possibly being pushed out, diversity loss, etc.

    4. Not all species, however,respond equally to habitat loss and fragmentation,

      I was interested to research about ant positive responses to habitat loss. I found that generalists, mobile species, or human-associated organisms that can exploit disturbed environments can sometimes have a positive reaction or response to habitat loss.

    1. an understanding of social systems and large bureaucracies; the ability to devise and carry out research projects to assess whether a program or policy is working; the ability to collect, read, and analyze statistical information from polls or surveys; the ability to recognize important differences in people’s social, cultural, and economic backgrounds; skills in preparing reports and communicating complex ideas; and the capacity for critical thinking about social issues and problems that confront modern society. (Department of Sociology, University of Alabama-Huntsville)

      These are all key details and proven benefits from sociology and how it helps us in the workplace and real life situations.

    2. Since it was first founded, many people interested in sociology have been driven by the scholarly desire to contribute knowledge to this field, while others have seen it as way not only to study society but also to improve it. Besides desegregation, sociology has played a crucial role in many important social reforms, such as equal opportunity for women in the workplace, improved treatment for individuals with mental illnesses or learning disabilities, increased accessibility and accommodation for people with physical disabilities, the right of native populations to preserve their land and culture, and prison system reforms.

      It is quite the interesting topic I never was interested in the study of society until I learned more about it, gives us the big picture like Lili said above. Its a unique tool to have.

    1. In answering this letter, please state if there would be any safety for my Milly and Jane, who are now grown up, and both good-looking girls. You know how it was with poor Matilda and Catherine. I would rather stay here and starve—and die, if it come to that—than have my girls brought to shame by the violence and wickedness of their young masters. You will also please state if there has been any schools opened for the colored children in your neighborhood. The great desire of my life now is to give my children an education, and have them form virtuous habits.

      I really like this part because is about a father who wants safety and education for his daughters. He is very worried the could be hurt, and he says he would rather die than let that happen. He also asks about schools because he wants his kids to learn and live better lives. It shows how hard life was for enslaved people, but also how much they cared about families.

    1. Sometimes when we're stuck making and repeating the same stretch mistake, the issue may be that we're mindlessly going through the motions, rather than truly focusing on improving our abilities.

      I find this verbage interesting. Considering the premise of a stretch mistake, I find it interesting that one could stretch their abilities, make a mistake, and not learn from that mistake

    2. "It is well to cultivate a friendly feeling towards error, to treat it as a companion inseparable from our lives, as something having a purpose which it truly has." - Maria Montessori

      I really like these quotes, but another one that comes to mind is the one about mistakes being an integral part of learning.

    3. But we also want students to understand what kinds of mistakes are most useful and how to most learn from them.

      I find this fascinating and thought provoking. I read it as essentially saying "teach your students how to make mistakes". Which is interesting because isn't that why we practice things...to "not make mistakes"? But I think this can be a powerful strategy. If we teach students "how to make mistakes" (or what ones will be the most beneficial) they won't be scared of the inevitable, and be confident in their ability to grow from them, and see them as essential in the learning process.

    1. Social scientists who apply symbolic-interactionist thinking look for patterns of interaction between individuals. Their studies often involve observation of one-on-one interactions.

      Patterns are a key detail to search for in human interaction with one on one situations to see how a person interacts with everyone in their day to day life.

    2. Conflict theory looks at society as a competition for limited resources. This perspective is a macro-level approach most identified with the writings of German philosopher and economist Karl Marx, who saw society as being made up of individuals in different social classes

      This brings in Karl Marx and how he believed in the macro perspective of rich and working class comparisons. An example is an old money new money thing, a man whose worked hard and have had generations of money built up rather than a man who just wins a lottery ticket and gets rich instantly.

    3. Émile Durkheim applied Spencer’s theory to explain how societies change and survive over time. Durkheim believed that society is a complex system of interrelated and interdependent parts that work together to maintain stability (Durkheim, 1893), and that society is held together by shared values, languages, and symbols. He believed that to study society, a sociologist must look beyond individuals to social facts such as laws, morals, values, religious beliefs, customs, fashion, and rituals, which all serve to govern social life

      Like in 1.3 society is studied over the way people are influenced on beliefs, money, power, etc. Durkheim explains that there are complex parts of society with independent factors but all bind in together in the ways we live.

    1. and the JAK-STAT pathway

      JAK-STAT is not a receptor. Ligands bind to a cell surface receptor and that activates the JAK-STAT pathway. So, this should be removed from that sentence or described separately, such as ..."and the cell surface receptors that activate the JAK-STAT pathway."

    1. or millennia, people have been fascinated by the relationships between individuals and societies.

      This is such a wide topic as well there is so many great subjects as well as when it narrows down to the details of sociology and its past.

    1. When Nathan asked Ashley if she and her partner became discouraged or bitter about this new situation, Ashley said that rather than letting it get to them, they decided to do something about it.

      this is a good thing that they used it as fuel rather than something to knock them down.

    2. Sociologists identify and study patterns related to all kinds of contemporary social issues. The “Stop and Frisk” policy, the emergence of new political factions, how Twitter influences everyday communication—these are all examples of topics that sociologists might explore.

      the patterns we use in life are big things sociologists study because eventually it will change and then they go into detail on why it changed and what for. they also would explore what says the stop and frisk policy and it goes over everyday communication.

    3. Consider the changes in U.S. families. The “typical” family in past decades consisted of married parents living in a home with their unmarried children. Today, the percent of unmarried couples, same-sex couples, single-parent and single-adult households is increasing

      This is a study that the households being occupied by unmarried people, same sex couples, and single parents are increasing over time.

    4. ulture encompasses a group’s way of life, from routine, everyday interactions to the most important parts of group members’ lives. It includes everything produced by a society, including all the social rules.

      There is culture all around us in everything we see from religious things to peoples daily living items that are just parts of our society as a whole that we consider our culture.

    5. Sociology is the scientific and systematic study of groups and group interactions, societies and social interactions, from small and personal groups to very large groups

      Sociology is a wide range of the study of people and our daily lives.

    1. the strategic interest of the US to shift the economic burden of supporting refugeesonto the Iranian government in order to weaken an adversarial regime

      Refugees are a drain, no matter how you put it, so the US will use them as a weapon or a burden relief to solidify allies or harm enemies

    Annotators

    1. Your imagination is actively engaged. The silent reading of a play can be a “staging” that may in truth be more rewarding, and closer to the playwright’s intentions, than one or another actual production.

      O: I find this connection to the mind of the readers fascinating, I never thought of the personal imagery.

    2. poetry is a compact language, a heightened and accelerated form of communication

      O: Poetry is often thought of as artistic and not necessarily the most straight forward, however this author makes an opposing argument. They point out that because of poetries artistics and emotional nature, it has a more immediate and effective impact on the reader. In this observation the author makes the argument that poetry is a more efficient medium for portraying emotion and story to a reader.

    3. We may not be told what to think but we are provided with the atmosphere in which to think

      If this is the case then isn't every point of view circumstantial depending on what we have been told to think?

    1. ӧAμ<ú<ӧ T$ ӧ Bӧ< ӧ ÈμA_ӧ

      Would you then say that play can make play in some way? Like in the game uno, your own unique rules can create a new form of play, or is it still the same?

    2. ӧƃ'j E  ӧ,ӧ# ӧ02Ƨ + ӧB.ӧӧ:+ ӧNӧj ӧj. ӧ,"" S

      Could there be limits to their interpretation, like when some days don’t play around, does our mind shift to not seeing the moment as a game

    3. ǽ  Àӧ 9L ̧  _ ŷӧ  ӧ ,+ӧ +ӧE  ӧӧ+, ,ӧ'+#ӧ   ӧӧ  nӧ 

      The idea of where make believe and role play come along

    1. They may study the ways that conditions of a train station affect attitudes about government, or how the difficulty of commuting may lead people to relocate. This understanding isn’t just a collection of interesting facts; it can influence government policy and spending decisions, employer interventions, and healthcare practices.

      This study can go onto other aspects rather than just a commuter station but almost every situation in the world thats why sociology is such a drastic subject.

    2. hen you see someone running for the train, do you jam the closing door with your foot? How does the crowd treat people who ask for food or money? What’s the risk level in telling someone to be quiet?

      Theres so many variables in our situations that can effect so many things with just one simple change in routine.

    3. It may seem surprising, but even with those numbers, strangers from across cities can synch up on the same schedules, use the same doors, take one leg of the trip together every day before separating into different directions.

      This shows we can stick around with that same person every day going to this certain place around this time then eventually splitting off into our daily lives.

    4. A busy commuter train station might seem like a very individualized place. Tens of thousands or hundreds of thousands of strangers flow through with a singular purpose: to get where they need to go.

      It seems at first that theres just a lot of random people going in random directions going to random places but the more we dive into this we will discover the details behind our everyday sights.

    1. By lumping together such a hugely diverse group of countries without any seemingly connecting geographical characteristics actually works to deepen those divisions and highlight the cultural differences between the many, many different peoples pf the region.

    2. This is the main idea. The empires of the middle ages have now been turned into nations with their own political, religious, and cultural backgrounds that continue to diminish the connections in the region, thus making a "unified" MIddle East less probable if not really an unrealistic and problematic idea.

    1. China’s turning away from the ocean was a momentous decision in world history, opening the door for Southeast Asians, Muslims, and eventually Europeans to dominate the Indian Ocean and the Pacific.

      It is so strange to think about how much control China had over the Indian and Pacific Ocean trade. They were such a powerhouse of an empire that there absence was a historic event that helped shape other future events of history. It also highlights just how much of a threat the Manchurians were, that China decided to dedicate time and resources to prepare for an invasion.

    2. Girls were considered an expense to their birth families, since they only became valuable when they married and bore sons for their new families.

      It’s surprising to see how girls were viewed mainly in terms of financial or family value rather than as individuals. This shows how unequal gender roles were in that society, since a girl’s worth completely relied on marriage and having sons instead of her own abilities or contributions.

    3. And unlike European kings, the Yongle emperor was not interested in evangelizing Confucianism or Buddhism to the rest of the world—the Spanish and Portuguese, in particular, wanted to convert the world to Catholic Christianity, which became not only a goal but a justification for conquest and colonization.

      A big difference between the Eastern and Western train of thought is highlighted here in what they wanted to accomplish. China wanted to gain power for the sake of growing and supporting its large population of people. To becoming a center of international trade and making goods. They didn't concern themselves with what others believed in or making others do their work. Which is a stark contrast of the Europeans which wanted to make others like themselves. Rather then growing their own economy buy having their people work hard. They sought to enslave others and make them work to grow their power. Using religion as a way to enslave rather then connect with others. A sad reality of the world.

    4. Ninety-five delegations from Southeast Asia and other more distant nations reached the Yongle Emperor’s court during his 22-year reign, and he established a College of Translators to handle all the correspondence he received from foreign contacts.

      The fact that a whole college of translators was made to make the communication between the nations easier shows just how powerful China was. They were demanding tribute from places all over South Asia and Africa. So many people had to learn and translate important documents like contracts, treaties, and money transactions.

    5. Hongwu ruled for thirty years and tried to return the empire to its ethnic Chinese roots. Hongwu issued decrees abolishing Mongol dress and requiring people to abandon their Mongol-influenced names in favor of traditional Han Chinese names.

      I think it is interesting to think about how many of the Chinese would have grown to like and merge their culture with that of the Mongols. I wonder if the people at the time would have really dropped everything they learned through the Mongol reign for traditions they might not be connected to. I mean the Yuan (Mongol) dynasty lasted almost 100 years and they opened up trade with the western world bringing in new math, technology, and ideas. Did the majority of the Chinese people willingly let go of the merged culture, did some fight? It is really fascinating to think about.

    6. Scholars would travel to testing centers and sit for exams that often took days to complete. They brought food and a bedroll and remained in their small testing cells until they had completed the exam. There were four increasingly-difficult levels of testing: County, District, Province, and Imperial.

      I think this really shows how serious the system was, as leadership was restricted to those who demonstrated strict commitment. Only individuals who were truly dedicated and capable of rising to the upper class of Chinese society were able to rule.

    1. Yet the same openness that leaves Britain exposed to American influence also positions it as a global cultural laboratory. The real question is whether the UK music industry can channel that internationalism to reinvigorate its local scene — rather than dilute it.

      American music has secured dominance across UK listening charts in the battle for British hearts and minds.

    2. The so-called British Invasion of the 1960s didn't succeed by mimicking American music, but by offering something unmistakably British that the world hadn't heard before.

      The so-called British Invasion of the 1960s succeeded not by mimicking American music but by offering something unmistakably British that the world hadn't heard before.

    3. between Stormzy and Kendrick Lamar, between Ed Sheeran and Post Malone.

      got rid of the second 'between' as it wasn't needed

      "between Stormzy and Kendrick Lamar, Ed Sheeran and Post Malone."

    4. Our data paints a stark picture: Britain ranks 39th out of 73 countries in support for domestic artists, while simultaneously ranking 5th globally in its preference for American music. To put this in perspective, UK artists capture a smaller share of their home country's charts than local artists do in Hungary, Czech Republic, or even tiny Iceland. It's a remarkable fall from grace for a nation whose musical exports once sparked a cultural revolution worldwide.

      "Our data paints a stark picture: Britain ranks 39th out of 73 countries in support for domestic artists, yet ranks 5th globally in its preference for American music. To put this in perspective, UK artists capture a smaller share of their home country's charts than local artists do in Hungary, the Czech Republic, or even tiny Iceland. It's a remarkable fall from grace for a nation whose musical exports once sparked a cultural revolution worldwide."

    1. Finally, for every country we calculated the percentage of chart positions occupied by "local" artists (from the home country) versus "foreign" artists (from other countries). By comparing these numbers, we could rank countries by their support for local music. We could also see what kinds of music people prefer from outside their own borders.

      added a comma and "and"

      "Finally, for every country, we calculated the percentage of chart positions occupied by "local" artists (from the home country) versus "foreign" artists (from other countries). By comparing these numbers, we could rank countries by their support for local music and see what kinds of music people prefer from outside their own borders."

    1. Industrial capitalism brought wealth and it brought poverty; it created owners and investors and it created employees. But whether winners or losers in the new economy, all Americans reckoned in some way with their new industrial world.

      While the Gilded Age seem like a distant past it built the U.S. and shaped the way the country was built. The modern era lives in the reminiscence of the gilded age. Both era’s brought great wealth and poverty.

    2. When local police forces would not or could not suppress the strikes, governors called out state militias to break them and restore rail service

      I believe calling in the militia added fuel to the strikes. I believe that people would have eventually calmed down. That “Robber Baron’s” and Union heads would worked out a deal. The militia killed people who weren’t involved. That turned from a rail worker problem to an everyone problem.

    1. § 3º
      • À exceção do ICMS, do IBS, do II e do IE, nenhum outro imposto poderá incidir sobre operações relativas a energia elétrica e serviços de telecomunicações. 

      • À exceção destes e do IS (Imposto Seletivo – Imposto do “pecado”), nenhum outro imposto poderá incidir sobre operações relativas a derivados de petróleo, combustíveis e minerais do País – o IS servirá para tributar mais fortemente essas mercadorias poluentes. 

      • Cuidam-se, assim, de hipóteses de <u>imunidade parcial</u> desses serviços e mercadorias aos demais impostos. Sobre essas grandezas, apenas esses <u>5</u> impostos poderão incidir, promovendo uma desoneração que reflete no seu preço final.

      Obs.: Ou seja, em operações de energia elétrica e telecom somente poderá incidir ICMS, IBS, II e IE.

      Em operações de petróleo, combustíveis e minerais, somente poderá haver a incidência de IS, IBS, ICMS, II e IE.

    1. form a lattice that minimizes repulsion between like charges while maximizing the attraction between opposite charges. Second, the anion and cation are different entities, and may have completely different volumes.

      Enthalpy of hydration is negative because adding H2O within the lattice neutralizes the repulsion between ions with like charges. Neutralizing the repulsion decreases the potential energy withing the lattice and therefore results in a negative enthalpy.

    1. La naturaleza puede enseñar a la humanidad una o dos cosas sobre la curación del trauma y los trastornos por estrés. Es cierto que la investigación científica reciente ha sido fundamental para ayudar a eliminar parte del estigma asociado al trauma, mientras que los nuevos estudios y tratamientos inspiran esperanza para el alivio de los pacientes que sufren un trauma. Sin embargo, la psiquiatría no ha captado la esencia natural del trauma, ni ha cubierto si se puede curar y cómo hacerlo.

      .

  4. www.planalto.gov.br www.planalto.gov.br
    1. vedado aos Municípios

      Municípios não podem dispor de suas respectivas cotas no ICMS, sob pena de sanções previstas no artigo anterior.

    2. todas as Unidades

      Ou seja, é preciso unanimidade para a aprovação de benefícios fiscais em reuniões.

      No entanto, não será eficaz enquanto não for retificado por todos os Poderes Executivos expressa ou tacitamente. Acaso não haja a ratificação de todas as Unidades da Federação, será tido por rejeitado o convênio.

    3. limitada

      Os convênios não precisam dispor sobre todas unidades da federação; pode ser restritos a algumas ou todas as unidades.

    1. construct ponds

      Why did the officials considered ponds as 'good and effective' defence mechanism when it was so high maintenance? What made ponds seem a better option over traditional mechanisms like walls and forts?

    Annotators

    1. Both options include submitting a found pet report

      should this be visible? or will both buttons lead you to submitting a found pet report automatically? if it is supposed to be visible I would probably make it it's own button underneath 'search our lost pet reports'

    1. However, underliningstudent essays has no impact on the students’ perception of pooressay technique

      Annotations create a clear adjustment, underlining has no production and can cause confusion

    2. major impact on the way we read and reviewprimary texts – this practise has made its way into how student es-says are read – writing in the margins or using the comment tool inword-processing packages to feedback on students’ work is nowcommon practice.

      I feel like annotating is a great editing tool. Suggesting minor updates to an essay is easy with annoitations.

    3. Hand-written annotation can be as simple as underlining asentence or adding more complex gloss depending on the purposeand intended outcomes of the marginalia.

      Annotations can be simple or complex

    1. As it happened, two-thirds of men and a quarter of women chose to shock themselves at least once

      A perfect example of why informed consent is important^^

    2. The dilemma is less problematic if researchers can obtain informed consent from their participants prior to their participation.

      Informed consent in research cases is SO important, if someone is consenting to certain situations you have a lot more leeway.

    3. In their quest to create realistic, engaging situations, social psychologists frequently face ethical dilemmas.

      Yeah as stated in the "correlations and causality" video, causality says that A causes B, so it is common for researchers to want A to cause/not cause B so bad that they lose sight of what is morally right.

    4. But these projects have themselves proved to be controversial.

      Controversial projects used to be super common back before IRB. Think of all the case studies where people had no idea they should be concerned for their safety or mental health.

    5. Cross-cultural researchers are sensitive to these issues, and as more and more cross-cultural research is conducted carefully, we will be able to determine which social psychological processes are universal and which are culture-bound

      That made me happy to read. So many cultures have different standards and ideas on things so to try and put an umbrella over all of them to fit into 1 narrative would never work or be morally right.

    6. Can you see the problem with this conclusion?

      Yes, it was not specific. As the chapter goes on to say, maybe one woman had fewer sexual partners. Not all the facts were presented or accounted for and that is the problem with the conclusion.

    7. Correlation Coefficient A statistical technique that assesses how well you can predict one variable from another—for example, how well you can predict people’s weight from their height

      In the Ted Talk, "Why should we trust scientists" the speaker talks about how science is a judge and it judges based on evidence. Similar to how with correlation coefficients you need a statistical technique which will offer you evidence.

    8. If the goal is to describe what a particular group of people or type of behavior is like, the observational method is very helpful.

      Before this class I did not know what the observational method was so it was nice to learn new methods for if I ever need it in the future in other labs or my own life and research.

    9. Genovese’s neighbors might have assumed that someone else had called the police

      This is apparently super common. People love to assume someone else will help so the needy/person who needed help never ends up getting any help.

    10. Researchers observe something in their lives or the lives of others that they find curious and interesting

      Similar to what was discussed in the "On Being Wrong" Ted Talk. People were interested in the concept of how we assume the kid getting C's in school is the lazy one.

    1. Try to specify when something actually begins. Personal computers, for instance, have not been around since the beginning of time,

      be specific when explaining

    1. Need Immediate Help?

      wondering if the wording should be changed here (maybe 'Further Questions' or something?), or some quick overview of what constitutes needing immediate help. feel like some people may think they need immediate help when in reality they should just be following the step above

    2. Government ID, proof of ownership (photos, vet records, microchip info), vaccination records

      should vaccination records be outside of the parentheses? or are they another option for proof of ownership?

    1. New Deal

      En mi opinion, el New Deal es algo muy bien para el nación durante el tiempo pero yo sé que hay personas que no le gusta y piensan que era malo y otros grupos usar lo para justificar alguien malo. No sé que es la verdad pero sabes alguien como esto?

    2. dust bowl

      La pelicula que se llama Interstellar usa las entrevistas del "Dust Bowl" y se hacen en perpspectiva para mi. Era un tiempo muy duro y sin el perdón.

    1. The Indian kids crowd the classroom. Many are writing their own poems, short stories and novels. They have read my books. They have readmany other books. They look at me with bright eyes and arrogant wonder.

      A lot of minority groups can relate to this writing and how motivated it can make you to take your education seriously for people who don't have the opportunity to. Whether it's your family members or your peers who have a job or other things to be more worried about than education.

    2. I read the backs of cereal boxes. I read the newspaper. I read the bulletinsposted on the walls of the school, the clinic, the tribal offices, the post office. I read junk mail

      I love that he will read anything no matter what it is he will read it for its information. He truly takes the saying "never judge a book by its cover" literally.

    3. Despite all the books I read, I am still surprised I became a writer. I was going to be a pediatrician.

      Honestly, I don't understand why he was suprised to be a writer. He had a passion for reading, so why wouldn't his carreer be similar to his passion?

    4. A smart Indian is a dangerous person, widely feared and ridiculed by Indians and non-Indians alike. I fought with my classmates on a daily basis. They wantedme to stay quiet when the non-Indian teacher asked for answers, for volunteers, for help. We were Indian children who were expected to be stupid. Most livedup to those expectations inside the classroom but subverted them on the outside.

      The discrimination against other students just because of who they are is so wrong. People should be treated well and have the same opportunities as any other person no matter who they are or what they look like.

    5. In all my years in the reservation school system, I was never taught how to write poetry, short stories ornovels. I was certainly never taught that Indians wrote poetry, short stories and novels. Writing was something beyond Indians

      Im curious to know what they taught at the reservation, I feel like reading and writing is a core step that builds the foundation of learning.

    6. This might be an interesting story all by itself. A little Indian boy teaches himself to read at an early age and advances quickly. He reads "Grapes of Wrath" inkindergarten when other children are struggling through "Dick and Jane." If he'd been anything but an Indian boy living on the reservation, he might havebeen called a prodigy. But he is an Indian boy living on the reservation and is simply an oddity. He grows into a man who often speaks of his childhood in thethird-person, as if it will somehow dull the pain and make him sound more modest about his talents

      It's inspiring that he kept working hard for his education even though his efforts were never even acknowledged. It's hard to be motivated when you feel like you were born into a society who constantly doubts you.

    7. I began to think of everything in terms of paragraphs. Our reservation was a small paragraph within the United States. My family'shouse was a paragraph, distinct from the other paragraphs of the LeBrets to the north, the Fords to our south and the Tribal School to the west. Inside ourhouse, each family member existed as a separate paragraph but still had genetics and common experiences to link us. Now, using this logic, I can see mychanged family as an essay of seven paragraphs: mother, father, older brother, the dece

      I love how he gives a clear example of what writes paragraphs and how he applied it to his serounding to make it easier for him to understand it

    8. I began to think of everything in terms of paragraphs. Our reservation was a small paragraph within the United States. My family'shouse was a paragraph, distinct from the other paragraphs of the LeBrets to the north, the Fords to our south and the Tribal School to the west. Inside ourhouse, each family member existed as a separate paragraph but still had genetics and common experiences to link us.

      This little detail is so cute to me because after he noticed the detail of a paragraph he took it literally and saw other things that weren't just words as paragraphs. His mind is so open and so creative. I wonder if his mind always thinks this creatively.

    9. I read books at recess, thenduring lunch, and in the few minutes left after I had finished my classroom assignments. I read books in the car when my family traveled to powwows orbasketball games.

      I like how ambitious he is. How determined he is to not fit into the same sterotypes as his peers.

    10. He bought his books by the pound at Dutch's Pawn Shop, Goodwill, Salvation Army andValue Village. When he had extra money, he bought new novels at supermarkets, convenience stores and hospital gift shops. Our house was filled with books.They were stacked in crazy piles in the bathroom, bedrooms and living room.

      I can connect with this because my mom has always had a love for reading but growing up she didn't have a lot of money, so she relied on thrift stores as well

    11. We were poor by most standards, butone of my parents usually managed to find some minimum-wage job or another, which made us middle-class by reservation standards. I had a brother andthree sisters. We lived on a combination of irregular paychecks, hope, fear and government surplus food.

      These two sentences really set the stage of the setting with how this story would go. I see that they have many mouths to feed and a lot of hard work that goes into this family.

    12. I learned to read with a Superman comic book. Simple enough, I suppose. I cannot recall which particular Superman comic book I read, nor can I rememberwhich villain he fought in that issue. I cannot remember the plot, nor the means by which I obtained the comic book.

      It is weird reading this sentance, it made me really think. What was the first book I have read? Honestly I can't remember. But learning is process, we all just fall into. Even by accident, Kids minds are filled with curiosity, the wanting to know.

    13. We were poor by most standards, butone of my parents usually managed to find some minimum-wage job or another, which made us middle-class by reservation standards. I had a brother andthree sisters. We lived on a combination of irregular paychecks, hope, fear and government surplus food

      In low income homes, knowledge of any kind is so important. Learning to read from comic books or any form of advertisement is inspiring.

    14. I refused to fail. I was smart. I was arrogant. I was lucky

      I absolutely admire the amount of courage and determination Alexie has. He was in no way going to let himself succumb and fall into the stereotype of being an indian that was expected to be “stupid.” I think this is a lesson we could all learn from this essay

    1. Then Hrothgar departed, his earl-throng attending him, Hrothgar retires. Folk-lord of Scyldings, forth from the building; The war-chieftain wished then Wealhtheow to look for, The queen for a bedmate. To keep away Grendel 5 The Glory of Kings had given a hall-watch, God has provided a watch for the hall. As men heard recounted: for the king of the Danemen He did special service, gave the giant a watcher: And the prince of the Geatmen implicitly trusted His warlike strength and the Wielder’s protection. Beowulf is selfconfident; he prepares for rest. 10 His armor of iron off him he did then, His helmet from his head, to his henchman committed His chased-handled chain-sword, choicest of weapons, And bade him bide with his battle-equipments. The good one then uttered words of defiance, 15 Beowulf Geatman, ere his bed he upmounted: “I hold me no meaner in matters of prowess, In warlike achievements, than Grendel does himself; Beowulf boasts of his ability to cope with Grendel. Hence I seek not with sword-edge to sooth him to slumber, Of life to bereave him, though well I am able.

      Then Hrothgar left with his friend, the lord of Scyldings, from the building. With the War-Chieftan wishing them good fortune in their journey. The Kings had created a watcher, as the people had recalled, the king of the Danemen did a special service and gave the watcher his trust because of his warlike strength. The Watchers armor was then taken off, he gave his helmet to his henchman and his chain sword and thanked him for holding his items, then someone said words of Defiance Beowulf Geatman stood from his bed and said”I am no meaner in prowess, or in war time achievements than Grendel. So I seek to not defeat Grendel with a sword even though I could.

    1. Her pulses beat fast, and the coursing blood warmed and relaxed every inch of her body.

      Pulsing heartbeat and coursing blood normally would signify someone is stressed or scared, not relaxed as in the text.

    2. It was not a glance of reflection, but rather indicated a suspension of intelligent thought.

      Parallelism is shown between the process of grief effecting Mrs. Mallard after the believed death of her husband and her mind sparking at the thought of a new life, showing the shift in Mrs. Mallard's perspective.

    1. because anyone who has heard it is dead, and the others can't remember.

      Though the song is said to be "irresistible", it's said that no one knows it because when you do, then something bad happens to you. Those who hear it end up dying or forgetting, showing how it has a heavy impact on individuals.

  5. blog.richmond.edu blog.richmond.edu
    1. Given the expansion and fragmentation of television,and the rise of digital media (both offline and online),since the 1970s, it is more than appropriate to revisit andreengage with the concept of flow.

      With the emergence of online entertainment, the concept of flow definitely had to be revisited. In the current times, viewers have the option of paying not to have their shows interrupted by endless ads, as was the case 40 or so years ago. Online providers now rely on algorithms to control the flow of entertainment for those who opt out of watching ads.

    2. Focusing on theoutput of five television channels (from Britain and theUnited States) over several hours, Williams deconstructsprogramming into discrete segments, and then explainshow these segments, as delivered in a succession ofsounds and images, become more than the sum of theirparts. In doing so, he expands the scope and vocabularyof textual analysis by showing how the overall flowof the broadcast schedule, with its constant breakupand reassembly constitutes “perhaps the definingcharacteristic of broadcasting” (86).

      It isn't easy to compare two cultures when it comes to entertainment, particularly when comparing the USA and Britain. However, the flow of broadcasting is the one thing that I think remains relevant for both countries. Whether a private corporation or public service is providing the broadcast, how the segments of broadcasting are put together is what should keep viewers returning to watch their favorite shows.

  6. www.newyorker.com www.newyorker.com
    1. looking at a photograph or drawing, you find different information presented simultaneously. This

      I never noticed this. I feel like this is really true. I could read a text and then see an image and it presents a whole new and even better idea in front of me than what I was thinking.

    2. When you read, write, and think critically or rhetorically, you try to figure out why a message is being communicated in a certain way.

      Everybody can interpret text differently, even if it is the exact same text.

    3. When communicating, you make assumptions about the cultural traits of your audience, perhaps expecting that they will agree with you regarding certain values or beliefs.

      I think this is super important!! I believe this is one of the main points in when you're writing. Knowing your audience is key.

    1. Some took new names that reflected the lofty hopes inspired byemancipation-Deliverance Belin, Hope Mitchell, Chance Great. Others relishedopportunities to flaunt their liberation from the infinite regulations, significanttrivial, associated with sla

      This segment of the reading stuck out to me. Former Slaves, following the Emancipation Proclamation, changed their names to ones that represented their newfound freedom, such as "Hope" and "Chance". The action itself has another meaning, as stated by Foner, to state their new autonomy. That they will behold themselves to no fate but the one they choose. They will not stand down and allow themselves to be pushed into a role by society any longer. And renaming themselves is that assertion.

    1. ˜ ှ  ှ $ှ ʂ~¬ʒ Bှ $ှ B˜ှ vB˜ ] V

      Basically, play unites beings and creates a sense of community. Again, this could be how play is related to survival, because being part of an in-group will help with obtaining material items needed for survival.

    2.  Bှ $ှ ှ  ှ

      It could be argued that play is essential to survival because one needs to play along with play to cohesively live in a community.

    3. $ှ ှ ှcှ  ှ  ?ှ $ှ ှ   ှ ှ Ɨ\  ှ $ှှ¢'z  Ĉှ

      I find it interesting how this still holds true today. When we encounter someone who doesn't want to engage in forms of play with us, we often form a group and view the non-player as an outcast. Another reason for the existence of play could be to unite others as a mechanism of survival.

    4.  ှ  ှ v]ှ '$ှ \ ှ \

      I find the juxtaposition between the order of play and the chaos of the real world to be very interesting. This ties back to the question of why does play exist, and perhaps it's because it's an escape from reality.

    5. È ှ ှ I ှ Y:ှ ှ :#I'ှK:I|#: ှ :ှ :ှ 'ƃ| ှ $ှ:ှ I#Ǯ?ှ "#:ှ  ှ #ှ  :Iှှ K ှ |ှ :Iှ  ှ : ှ :ှ # : ှ $ှ :ှ  : ှ$ှ '$

      Essentially, play is something we don't physically need to survive, but spiritually require.

    1. Concept check will contain about 10-15 questions, and the questions are True/False, multiple-choice, matching, or short answer.

      Its important to note the type of format that the concept checks are in. I know as a student I prepare and study differently depending on the format of the quiz or test.

    2. Time Commitment

      In the course expectations, the time commitment section is important to take note of since this section breaks down the time required to accomplish each activity or assignment. This will be something I refer back to as I plan out my weeks and time this semester.

    1. In short, the “hallucinations” and biases in generative AI outputs result from the nature of their training data, the tools’ design focus on pattern-based content generation, and the inherent limitations of AI technology. Acknowledging and addressing these challenges will be essential as generative AI systems become more integrated into decision-making processes across various sectors.

      An important detail here is that AI biases and hallucinations come from the way they were trained. This supports the main point that these mistakes are built into how AI works and it's important to be able to acknowledge them.

    2. Problems with bias in AI systems predate generative AI tools. For example, in the Gender Shades project, Buolamwini (2017) tested AI-based commercial gender classification systems and found significant disparities in accuracy across different genders and skin types. These systems performed better on male and lighter-skinned faces than others. The largest disparity was found in darker-skinned females, where error rates were notably high.

      This shows how harmful AI bias can be. It can lead to unfair treatment or exclusion is real life situations. It's a clear example of why biased technology is dangerous.

    1. Dance critics andother tastemakers long viewed the Broadway stage as an artistically inferior space, even though the boundary line betweenthe "art" of concert dance and the "entertainment" of musical theater dance has always been blurry.

      WHAT?

    Annotators

    1. never dead. It’s not even past.

      The world today is still being affected by things that happened at the very founding of our country and before. Social injustice and Racial Inequality are here now because of how minorities were treated dating back thousands of years ago. So despite the events being in the past and the men and women who created events being long dead, their events still shape our everyday climate.

    1. When conceived of in this manner, implicit bias is a normal behavioral phenomenon: It happens to everyone all of the time. From a moral point of view, however, implicit social bias is a highly controversial phenomenon. Many of us do not want to be implicitly biased, that is, we often find it undesirable to be influenced by social cues, such as when we try to hire the best person for the job.

      A wow point here is that implicit bias happens to everyone all the time. I found this surprising because it shows bias is a part of human behavior, even if we don't want it to happen

    2. You probably have the impression that line B is longer than line A, but in reality, both lines are equally long. What happens is that you are influenced by the arrows at the end of the lines even though you do not pay attention to the arrows or might even have the conscious goal not to be influenced by the arrows.

      This example shows how bias works in a simple visual way. Even when we try not to be influenced by the arrows, our perception is still affected. It proves the article's point that bias can happen automatically without intention.

    1. Every once in a while they might come together with other bands, possibly in seasonal festivals at which they would share news and knowledge as well as giving young people the opportunity to find a mate outside their tiny community.

      This relays to some of the reasons why new inventions and news about what people were learning spread. People were able to meet up with each other and share what new tools or inventions they had made. They might have even had the chance to share new foods as well. This can somewhat explain to how different regions of the world started farming.

    2. The significance of these carts is that they would have enabled people to venture out onto the steppe, carrying larger water supplies in ceramic pots or animal skins than they could carry on foot or horseback

      The sentence shows why having wheeled carts was so important. It tells us about the practical advantages of having a cart that could hold much more that what you could carry on foot or horseback. With the invention of carts people could travel farther because they would be able to carry more resources with them on their journey.

    1. Swearing, defined as the use of taboo language conveying connotative information (Jay and Janschewitz, 2008), is a near-universal feature of language (van Lancker and Cummings, 1999). Research has shown that repeating a swear word can be an effective way of increasing tolerance for the physical pain of an ice water challenge (Stephens et al., 2009; Stephens and Umland, 2011; Robertson et al., 2

      introduction to what this project will be about