New Orleans' economy had always been based more on trade and financial services than on manufacturing, but the city's relatively small manufacturing sector also shrank after World War II
This may be one of the rising issues in New Orleans today. Many people are without a job because the city is so focused on pleasing tourist that they forget the very people that live in the city are those who keep the culture vibrant.
In the city of New Orleans an inspiring mixture of foreign influences created a melting pot of culture that is still celebrated today.
This is the obvious reason why many people visit New Orleans every year to see and experience the culture brought there by slaves and immigrants.
From top, left to right: Central Business District, Bourbon Street, St. Louis Cathedral in Jackson Square, a streetcar in New Orleans, Caesars Superdome, University of New Orleans, Crescent City Connection
*I couldn't select the pictures so I selected the text that identified the subject of the pictures instead.
The selected pictures are great and really showcase the highlights of the city. Although, I see a trolley, Bourbon Street, and a cathedral among other things it would have been nice to see images of dishes associated with New Orleans.
Airports
This section should note the fact that there is an old airport that is no longer in use and how it was replaced by the Louis Armstrong New Orleans International Airport.
Hurricane Katrina
Extremely surprised at how small this paragraph is. I think that there are a lot of underlying events that were effected by the Katrina and should be written. The political chaos going on should be mentioned.
s of 2011[update], the Hispanic and Latino American population had also grown in the Greater New Orleans area alongside Black and African American residents, including in Kenner, central Metairie, and Terrytown in Jefferson Parish and Eastern New Orleans and Mid-City in New Orleans proper.[155] Janet Murguía, president and chief executive officer of the National Council of La Raza, stated that up to 120,000 Hispanic and Latino Americans workers lived in New Orleans. In June 2007, one study stated that the Hispanic and Latino American population had risen from 15,000, pre-Katrina, to over 50,000.[156] From 2010 to 2014 the city grew by 12%, adding an average of more than 10,000 new residents each year following the 2010 U.S. census.[121]
What was the specific cause of this I suppose you could make the case that housing in New Orleans after Katrina didn't cost much but that does give an adept reason.
During the American Revolutionary War, New Orleans was an important port for smuggling aid to the American revolutionaries, and transporting military equipment and supplies up the Mississippi River.
This sentence explains the city's early contribution to America. This is interesting because the American Revolutionary War began in April of 1775. Which was more than a year before the colonies established their independence in July of 1776.
As it relates to the Mississippi River this information allows us to understand the development of trade and transportation by way of a waterway. This is likely key to understanding how New Orleans has maintained its relevance.
New Orleans' colonial history of French and Spanish settlement generated a strong Roman Catholic tradition. Catholic missions ministered to slaves and free people of color and established schools for them. In addition, many late 19th and early 20th century European immigrants, such as the Irish, some Germans, and Italians were Catholic
The Catholic influence through out the city is prominent and is home to the only catholic HBCU in the U.S.
ceased publication on December 27, 1923, after ninety-six years.[
From a historical sense this was an important moment in the history of French culture in New Orleans. Taking a French newspaper was the first step in an attempt to diminish French culture in NOLA.
U.S.'s largest slave market
This is very intriguing I feel as though this is not an emphasized topic when it comes to discussing New Orleans history.
Another notable example is the street plan and architecture still distinguishing New Orleans today. French Louisiana had early architects in the province who were trained as military engineers and were now assigned to design government buildings.
This would be a great place for a photo of New Orleans street plans. I like how the writer emphasized how the architecture is still consistent today.
One of the strongest varieties of the New Orleans accent is sometimes identified as the Yat dialect, from the greeting "Where y'at?" This distinctive accent is dying out in the city, but remains strong in the surrounding parishes.
These really seems like a case of AAVE being put in use. The "Yat dialect "is new to me and seems a bit disingenuous.
2020 U.S. census
It is great that they are using a credible source however maybe we could update the consensus since it is 2022.
gentrification, new residents buying property in formerly closely knit communities, and disp
I applaud the authors use and addition of the word gentrification here. It's been a problem for several years now and its an issue that effects New Orleans especially.
The last significant snowfall in New Orleans was on the morning of December 11, 2008.
Didn't know this, because New Orleans is in the sub-tropics and it always stays hot and humid, especially during the fall season.
Another notable example is the street plan and architecture still distinguishing New Orleans today. French Louisiana had early architects in the province who were trained as military engineers and were now assigned to design government buildings.
Unlike my home state of Mississippi and the rest of the Southern States, New Orleans still has that french culture and the unique architectural designs on some buildings.
Serving as a major port, New Orleans is considered an economic and commercial hub for the broader Gulf Coast region of the United States.
The Port of New Orleans is one of the most international container ports in the country next to the Port of Miami.
New Orleans is world-renowned for its distinctive music, Creole cuisine, unique dialects, and its annual celebrations and festivals, most notably Mardi Gras.
I have a side job where I do African Drumming on Sundays in Congo Square and I was looking forward to in the future, move to New Orleans to be in the music industry.
The city has historically been very vulnerable to flooding, due to its high rainfall, low lying elevation, poor natural drainage, and proximity to multiple bodies of water.
Hence why every time it rains, there would be large puddles of water in the streets, so to solve this problem, after hurricane Katrina, they have been installing more drainage systems so the water won't stand.
By 1724, the large number of blacks in Louisiana prompted the institutionalizing of laws governing slavery within the colony.[39] These laws required that slaves be baptized in the Roman Catholic faith, slaves be married in the church, and gave slaves no legal rights. The slave law formed in the 1720s is known as the Code Noir, which would bleed into the antebellum period of the American South as well. Louisiana slave culture had its own distinct Afro-Creole society that called on past cultures and the situation for slaves in the New World.
for me, this is the most interesting part of the article
The city has historically been very vulnerable to flooding, due to its high rainfall, low lying elevation, poor natural drainage, and proximity to multiple bodies of water.
new Orleans being under sea level is exactly why I refuse to live my adult life here
New Orleans has increasingly been known as "Hollywood South" due to its prominent role in the film industry and in pop culture.[11][12]
Didn't know this but it definitely makes sense
8.08%
I feel after Katrina the Latinx population increased because they were sent to repair the city and then decided to reside there
During the later years of Morrison's administration, and for the entirety of Schiro's, the city was a center of the Civil Rights Movement. The Southern Christian Leadership Conference was founded in New Orleans, and lunch counter sit-ins were held in Canal Street department stores. A prominent and violent series of confrontations occurred in 1960 when the city attempted school desegregation, following the Supreme Court ruling in Brown v. Board of Education (1954). When six-year-old Ruby Bridges integrated William Frantz Elementary School in the Ninth Ward, she was the first child of color to attend a previously all-white school in the South.
I had no idea that these major events in black and American history that we learn about took place in New Orleans.
New Orleans' large community of well-educated, often French-speaking free persons of color (gens de couleur libres), who had been free prior to the Civil War, fought against Jim Crow. They organized the Comité des Citoyens (Citizens Committee) to work for civil rights. As part of their legal campaign, they recruited one of their own, Homer Plessy, to test whether Louisiana's newly enacted Separate Car Act was constitutional. Plessy boarded a commuter train departing New Orleans for Covington, Louisiana, sat in the car reserved for whites only, and was arrested. The case resulting from this incident, Plessy v. Ferguson, was heard by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1896. The court ruled that "separate but equal" accommodations were constitutional, effectively upholding Jim Crow measures.
Though this is typically not taught to us when learning about the plessy v ferguson case, new orleans played a major role in the civil rights movement with the concept of separate but equal.
Afro-Creole was present in religious beliefs and the Louisiana Creole language. The religion most associated with this period for was called Voodoo.[40][41]
New Orleans has very clear catholic beliefs as well in the city, how did that become a factor in the culture?
During the American Revolutionary War, New Orleans was an important port for smuggling aid to the American revolutionaries, and transporting military equipment and supplies up the Mississippi River.
This is why the united states bought the land to help them with transports during war times
The City that Care Forgot, used since at least 1938,[29] referring to the outwardly easygoing, carefree nature of the residents.
I never heard of this nickname but I can see how it applies because the residents I came in contact with have more of a free spirit in my opinion
Serving as a major port, New Orleans is considered an economic and commercial hub for the broader Gulf Coast region of the United States.
I didn't realize the large role New Orleans plays in the economy and transporting goods. This makes since because of it's access to water.
French: La Nouvelle-Orléans [la nuvɛlɔʁleɑ̃]
Displays how New Orleans has French influence throughout even with its name.
Because of the scale of damage, many people resettled permanently outside the area. Federal, state, and local efforts supported recovery and rebuilding in severely damaged neighborhoods.
It is sad how many areas in New Orleans and people are still affected by the damages of Katrina
significantly larger than all other southern cities
Its interesting to know that New Orleans was once the largest city in the south comparing it to all other southern cities now.
New Orleans has increasingly been known as "Hollywood South" due to its prominent role in the film industry and in pop culture.[
I have always heard New Orleans being refereed to as a city that goes to sleep and always parties so it makes sense why people would refer to New Orleans this way.
New Orleans is world-renowned for its distinctive music, Creole cuisine, unique dialects, and its annual celebrations and festivals, most notably Mardi Gras.
This gives a breakdown of some of the things that New Orleans is most known for and why people travel there.
Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high °F (°C) 83(28) 85(29) 89(32) 92(33) 97(36) 101(38) 101(38) 102(39) 101(38) 97(36) 88(31) 85(29) 102(39) Mean maximum °F (°C) 77(25) 80(27) 83(28) 87(31) 92(33) 95(35) 97(36) 97(36) 94(34) 90(32) 84(29) 80(27) 98(37) Average high °F (°C) 62.5(16.9) 66.4(19.1) 72.3(22.4) 78.5(25.8) 85.3(29.6) 90.0(32.2) 91.4(33.0) 91.3(32.9) 88.1(31.2) 80.6(27.0) 71.2(21.8) 64.8(18.2) 78.5(25.8) Daily mean °F (°C) 54.3(12.4) 58.0(14.4) 63.8(17.7) 70.1(21.2) 77.1(25.1) 82.4(28.0) 83.9(28.8) 84.0(28.9) 80.8(27.1) 72.5(22.5) 62.4(16.9) 56.6(13.7) 70.5(21.4) Average low °F (°C) 46.1(7.8) 49.7(9.8) 55.3(12.9) 61.7(16.5) 69.0(20.6) 74.7(23.7) 76.5(24.7) 76.6(24.8) 73.5(23.1) 64.3(17.9) 53.7(12.1) 48.4(9.1) 62.5(16.9) Mean minimum °F (°C) 30(−1) 33(1) 38(3) 47(8) 57(14) 67(19) 71(22) 71(22) 63(17) 48(9) 38(3) 33(1) 28(−2) Record low °F (°C) 14(−10) 16(−9) 25(−4) 32(0) 41(5) 50(10) 60(16) 60(16) 42(6) 35(2) 24(−4) 11(−12) 11(−12) Average precipitation inches (mm) 5.18(132) 4.13(105) 4.36(111) 5.22(133) 5.64(143) 7.62(194) 6.79(172) 6.91(176) 5.11(130) 3.70(94) 3.87(98) 4.82(122) 63.35(1,609) Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 9.5 9.0 8.1 7.3 7.8 12.7 13.9 13.6 9.8 7.1 7.1 9.2 115.1 Average relative humidity (%) 75.6 73.0 72.9 73.4 74.4 76.4 79.2 79.4 77.8 74.9 77.2 76.9 75.9 Mean monthly sunshine hours 153.0 161.5 219.4 251.9 278.9 274.3 257.1 251.9 228.7 242.6 171.8 157.8 2,648.9 Percent possible sunshine 47 52 59 65 66 65 60 62 62 68 54 50 60 Source: NOAA (relative humidity and sun 1961–1990)[c][101][105][102] showClimate data for Audubon Park, New Orleans (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1893–present)
I don't feel as if this formatted correctly within itself, because even the climate data might be clear their isn't any way to tell which years for each month.
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 383,997 people, 151,753 households, and 69,370 families residing in the city. Prior to 1960, the population of New Orleans steadily increased to a historic 627,525. Beginning in 1960, the population decreased due to factors such as the cycles of oil production and tourism,[130][131] and as suburbanization increased (as with many cities),[132] and jobs migrated to surrounding parishes.[133] This economic and population decline resulted in high levels of poverty in the city; in 1960 it had the fifth-highest poverty rate of all U.S. cities,[134] and was almost twice the national average in 2005, at 24.5%.[132] New Orleans experienced an increase in residential segregation from 1900 to 1980, leaving the disproportionately Black and African American poor in older, low-lying locations.[133] These areas were especially susceptible to flood and storm damage.[135]
I don't know, I feel as something should be put here about the correlation to the constant real estate issues within New Orleans.
Race and ethnicity
These previous years are of course important but where is the most recent years such as 2021 or 2022, those numbers have surely increased or decreased.
New Orleans is served by Interstate 10, Interstate 610 and Interstate 510. I-10 travels east–west through the city as the Pontchartrain Expressway. In New Orleans East it is known as the Eastern Expressway. I-610 provides a direct shortcut for traffic passing through New Orleans via I-10, allowing that traffic to bypass I-10's southward curve. In addition to the interstates, U.S. 90 travels through the city, while U.S. 61 terminates downtown. In addition, U.S. 11 terminates in the eastern portion of the city. New Orleans is home to many bridges; Crescent City Connection is perhaps the most notable. It serves as New Orleans' major bridge across the Mississippi, providing a connection between the city's downtown on the eastbank and its westbank suburbs. Other Mississippi crossings are the Huey P. Long Bridge, carrying U.S. 90 and the Hale Boggs Memorial Bridge, carrying Interstate 310. The Twin Span Bridge, a five-mile (8 km) causeway in eastern New Orleans, carries I-10 across Lake Pontchartrain. Also in eastern New Orleans, Interstate 510/LA 47 travels across the Intracoastal Waterway/Mississippi River-Gulf Outlet Canal via the Paris Road Bridge, connecting New Orleans East and suburban Chalmette. The tolled Lake Pontchartrain Causeway, consisting of two parallel bridges are, at 24 miles (39 km) long, the longest bridges in the world. Built in the 1950s (southbound span) and 1960s (northbound span), the bridges connect New Orleans with its suburbs on the north shore of Lake Pontchartrain via Metairie.
There should be some information about the damage the roads do to the cars due to the lack city funding.
On August 29, 2021, Hurricane Ida, a category 4 hurricane, made landfall in New Orleans, where the Hurricane Ida tornado outbreak caused damage.
Why not add more? Hurricane Ida did a lot more to New Orleans than a landfall.
With a population of 383,997 according to the 2020 U.S. census,[5] it is the most populous city in Louisiana
I feel as this census should be regularly updated because it's 2022 with a population count from 2021.
It wasn't surprising, given that some problems in new orleans never got fixed because of the little funding that the city receives for rebuilding the city
New Orleans developed a distinctive local dialect that is neither Cajun English nor the stereotypical Southern accent that is often misportrayed by film and television actors. Like earlier Southern Englishes, it features frequent deletion of the pre-consonantal "r", though the local white dialect also came to be quite similar to New York accents.[204]
The New Orleans language is something that can’t be taught at all unless raised around it. People try hard to learn about it, but it’s apart of their culture.
The City of New Orleans, used Archon Information Systems software and services to host multiple online tax sales. The first tax sale was held after Hurricane Katrina.[213] The New Orleans government operates both a fire department and the New Orleans Emergency Medical Services.
The technology influenced much of New Orleans to change for the better especially after Katrina.
Between 1791 and 1810, thousands of Saint Dominican refugees from the Haitian Revolution, both whites and free people of color (affranchis or gens de couleur libres), arrived in New Orleans; a number brought their slaves with them, many of whom were native Africans or of full-blood descent.
To think how many people of colored at the time just kept coming to New Orleans, but they were brought as mostly slaves.
There were surprising because Italians were lynched because of the color of their skin or because of their race.
Relations with Louisiana's Native American population remained a concern into the 1740s for governor Marquis de Vaudreuil. In the early 1740s traders from the Thirteen Colonies crossed into the Appalachian Mountains. The Native American tribes would now operate dependent on which of various European colonists would most benefit them. Several of these tribes and especially the Chickasaw and Choctaw would trade goods and gifts for their loyalty.
This shows how the Native Americans trusted the European colonist. The population of Native Americans was very huge in Louisiana.
My interest as a native of New Orleans was piqued by this information. I had no idea that the hurricane had resulted in that many deaths in New Orleans. That our population drops so much due to hurricane katrina.
New Orleans (/ˈɔːrl(i)ənz/ OR-l(ee)ənz, /ɔːrˈliːnz/ OR-leenz,[3] locally /ˈɔːrlənz/ OR-lənz;[4] French: La Nouvelle-Orléans [la nuvɛlɔʁleɑ̃] (listen)) is a consolidated city-parish located along the Mississippi River in the southeastern region of the U.S. state of Louisiana.
This gives multiple ways how to stay New Orleans, because many people do butcher it. Also gives the French way of how to say it.
The Big Easy, possibly a reference by musicians
A lot of places in New Orleans are called big easy. The word big easy is seen everywhere.
Founded in 1718 by French colonists, New Orleans was once the territorial capital of French Louisiana before becoming part of the United States in the Louisiana Purchase of 1803
The French founded New Orleans in 1718 just to end up giving it to the United States. But the French did heavily influence New Orleans and still does.
Significantly, Butler abolished French-language instruction in city schools. Statewide measures in 1864 and, after the war, 1868 further strengthened the English-only policy imposed by federal representatives. With the predominance of English speakers, that language had already become dominant in business and government.[58] By the end of the 19th century, French usage had faded.
It's interesting to see how the language was banned, but it manages to be used by modern-day citizens in New Orleans.
claims that "New Orleans is subsiding (sinking)":[96] Large portions of Orleans, St. Bernard, and Jefferson parishes are currently below sea level—and continue to sink.
It's always something that is affecting the city. I never even thought to consider erosion as a factor in the city falling further below sea level. I can only imagine this getting worse after every storm too.
The average elevation of the city is currently between 1 foot (0.30 m) and 2 feet (0.61 m) below sea level, with some portions of the city as high as 20 feet (6 m) at the base of the river levee in Uptown and others as low as 7 feet (2 m) below sea level in the farthest reaches of Eastern New Orleans.
I can only imagine what it will be like in the next years with water levels rising.
When six-year-old Ruby Bridges integrated William Frantz Elementary School in the Ninth Ward, she was the first child of color to attend a previously all-white school in the South
I did not know this took place in New Orleans. The number of stories I've read about her and didn't know this.
Anti-Italian sentiment in 1891 contributed to the lynchings of 11 Italians, some of whom had been acquitted of the murder of the police chief. Some were shot and killed in the jail where they were detained. It was the largest mass lynching in U.S. history.
I watched a true crime story on this, and I truly couldn't believe how savage these white people were during this time. They only believed it was the Italians because when the police chief died, his last words were a slur towards Italian people.
Dixiecrats passed Jim Crow laws, establishing racial segregation in public facilities.
I know that Dixiecrats are different from Democrats, but it's funny to see the different variations of their name throughout history.
Wartime damage to levees and cities along the Mississippi River adversely affected southern crops and trade. The federal government contributed to restoring infrastructure. The nationwide financial recession and Panic of 1873 adversely affected businesses and slowed economic recovery.
It's surprising to hear how the levees have been failing the city for so long. You would think that by now there would be a solid construction of these levees.
New Orleans was severely affected by Hurricane Katrina in August 2005, which flooded more than 80% of the city, killed more than 1,800 people, and displaced thousands of residents, causing a population decline of over 50%.[16] Since Katrina,
Suggesting more information with the population change after and before Katrina. Really dive deeper into how Katrina impacted the Louisiana specifically New Orleans such as After the hurricane hit, did majority of people stayed or leave. And when it was rebuilt, did they come back and how did they promote the city to persuade the people to come back. Was there any problems while rebuilding like getting resources for food, homes, businesses, etc. Lastly, for the people that stayed, how did they find places to stay, food, and employment for their families.
The city has been described as the "most unique" in the United States,[6][7][8][9] owing in large part to its cross-cultural and multilingual heritage.[1
I think it was great to mention how diverse and unique New Orleans is. In addition, should add how the city is unique and how does those things impact the city culturally and in history. Lastly, how does those things influence the cities in Louisiana and other cities in the US.
New Orleans was catastrophically affected by what Raymond B. Seed called "the worst engineering disaster in the world since Chernobyl", when the federal levee system failed during Hurricane Katrina on August 29, 2005.[7
This is still baffling to me as such a situation like this seemed avoidable but a lack of negligence and preparation for it caused so much damage. Some of which is still affecting the city.
Another notable example is the street plan and architecture still distinguishing New Orleans today. French Louisiana had early architects in the province who were trained as military engineers and were now assigned to design government buildings.
New Orleans unlike every other major city I've been too is one of the cities that has kept a majority of its old architecture instead of completely renovating it.
By the 1980s and 1990s, scientists observed that extensive, rapid, and ongoing erosion of the marshlands and swamp surrounding New Orleans, especially that related to the Mississippi River–Gulf Outlet Canal, had the unintended result of leaving the city more vulnerable than before to hurricane-induced catastrophic storm surges.
It would seem that even more scientific advancements are needed to keep the city of New Orleans as it geographical location essentially inhibited it from the very start.
In practice, African American public schools and facilities were underfunded across the South.
Much of the effects of this are still prominent today and can be seen by going into predominantly black neighborhoods and noticing the poor conditions surrounding them.
Afro-Creole was present in religious beliefs and the Louisiana Creole language. The religion most associated with this period for was called Voodoo.[40][41]
Although Voodoo is often villainized and commercialized, especially in tourist areas, it is a sacred faith that holds a rather prominent part in the lives of many Black residents in New Orleans.
Nueva Orleans (the name of New Orleans in Spanish)[33] remained under Spanish control until 1803, when it reverted briefly to French rule. Nearly all of the surviving 18th-century architecture of the Vieux Carré (French Quarter) dates from the Spanish period, notably excepting the Old Ursuline Convent.[34]
Even though the Spanish ruled over New Orleans for a period of time, the Spanish influence within New Orleans is often understated compared to it's French.
Despite its role in the slave trade, New Orleans at the time also had the largest and most prosperous community of free persons of color in the nation, who were often educated, middle-class property owners.
I literally did not know this until right now. I just thought all of the south had enslaved people.
The City that Care Forgot, used since at least 1938,[29] referring to the outwardly easygoing, carefree nature of the residents.
I feel like this a southern personality trait, kind of like southern hospitalitiy.
major redevelopment efforts have led to a rebound in the city's population. Concerns about gentrification, new residents buying property in formerly closely knit communities, and displacement of longtime residents have been expressed.
Not surprising, since the levees "broke" in the lower ninth ward. It was probably planned in an attempt to gentrify the poor neighborhood.
New Orleans has increasingly been known as "Hollywood South" due to its prominent role in the film industry and in pop culture.
While I have never heard this reference towards New Orleans, I can see why it is called that, especially music-wise.
New Orleans is world-renowned for its distinctive music, Creole cuisine, unique dialects, and its annual celebrations and festivals, most notably Mardi Gras.
I think that this refer to a long time ago and maybe how during hard times the online thinok they havd to celebrate together was music and food. I think that this is something that happens when they put there differences aside and just come together no matter what.
New Orleans is considered an economic and commercial hub
i feel like this stems from the slave trade being a booming business in New Orleans because that brought lots of revenue to the city
"As We May Think" predicted (to some extent) many kinds of technology invented after its publication, including hypertext, personal computers, the Internet, the World Wide Web, speech recognition, and online encyclopedias such as Wikipedia:
Dispositivo avanzado para la época, pudo predecir de forma general el funcionamiento de la web hoy en día, aun así ni siquiera se ha igualado ese nivel de pensamiento, puesto que el Memex planteaba una forma de imitar procesos neuronales complejos de organización y asociación.
Gun Owners of America is a 501(c)(4) nonprofit organization whose main goal is to preserve and defend the Second Amendment.
as they see it
A 2012 poll of Muslims in several Muslim-majority countries (Lebanon, Turkey, Malaysia, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Iraq, Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco) found that half or more respondents expected the Mahdi (the final redeemer according to Islam) to return during their lifetime
This statement is misleading, the poll was of 21 countries and those are the 9 out of the 21 that had more than 50% with the belief. The remaining 11 had less than 50%.
Less than half have that belief in
Azerbaijan, Tajikstan, Paletinian territory, Jordan and Egypt
Less than a third in
Russia, Bangladesh,
Less than a quarter in
Albania,
Kosova,
Bosnia-herzegovina
Uzbekistan
Kyrgystan
Kazakhstan
Indonesia https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2012/08/09/the-worlds-muslims-unity-and-diversity-3-articles-of-faith/#_ftn16
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gift_book
Found looking for information about the tradition of birthday books.
Bonnie and Clyde
Annotation for Violation of Section 88, Title 18.
</br>Bonnie Parker and Clyde Barrow were shot to death on this day, May 23rd, in 1934. In February of 1935, nearly two-dozen family and friends were prosecuted as detailed in Bonnie and Clyde’s criminal case file. #Annotate22 143/365
Image credit: U.S. District Court for the Dallas Division of the Northern District of Texas, National Archives and Records Administration.
traces the city's development from its founding by the French in 1718 through its period of Spanish control, then briefly back to French rule before being acquired by the United States in the Louisiana Purchase in 1803.
THis just make sence why some of the streets are named what they are. Every street you go down has some type of history.
The Road to Reality
Neighbourhood (graph theory)
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Moreno_Sociogram_2nd_Grade.png
he also innovated in typography, being responsible for an influential font that omitted the long s.
John Bell created an early and influential font which omitted the long s in English.
reference: Barker, Hannah. "Bell, John". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/2014.
Sticky rice mortar was invented in ancient China utilizing organic materials in inorganic mortar. Hydraulic mortar was not available in ancient China, possibly due to a lack of volcanic ash. Around 500 CE, sticky rice soup was mixed with slaked lime to make an inorganic−organic composite mortar that had more strength and water resistance than lime mortar.
There are many jokes I'd like to make here.
choosing
relevant with t
by parts
calculate integral of (x-t)^k
define
this has remainder error, so?
can be chosen smaller so that g is nonzero on I {\displaystyle {\mathcal {I}}} .[d]
important
It is also the case that
use fourth condition
on this interval and g is continuous,
since calculate the f'/g' function
so must comply with this
third condition
become zero,
use the first hypothesis
in 1835, a Vigilance Committee in Nashville, Tennessee, was responsible, after a kangaroo court "conviction", for the public whipping of Rev. Amos Dresser for the crime of distributing abolitionist publications (which he claimed he did not do). The names of all 62 members of the self-appointed vigilance committee were published by the American Anti-Slavery Society, annotating some as "Elder in the Presbyterian Church", and the like.*[3]
the first official dox
apply Fermat's stationary point theorem directly.)
similar to above proof
一般化了 不需要endpoint 都等于0 直接得出 闭区间 必有derivative equals zero的点
Earhart landed in a pasture at Culmore, north of Derry, Northern Ireland. The landing was witnessed by Cecil King and T. Sawyer. When a farm hand asked, "Have you flown far?" Earhart replied, "From America".[101][102]
Annotation for aviation.
</br>A piece of "Original Fabric" added to a description of the Lockheed Vega 5B plane flown by Amelia Earhart. She became the first woman to make a nonstop transatlantic solo flight and landed near Derry, Northern Ireland, on this day in 1932. #Annotate22 141/365
Image credit: San Diego Air and Space Museum.
optimal placement of facilities to minimize transportation costs while considering factors like avoiding placing hazardous materials near housing, and competitors' facilities.
Facility Location Problem
The first early modern card index was designed by Thomas Harrison (ca 1640s). Harrison's manuscript on The Ark of Studies[5] (Arca studiorum) was edited and improved by Vincent Placcius in his well-known handbook on excerpting methods (De arte excerpendi, 1689).
Edwards died from a smallpox inoculation shortly after beginning the presidency at the College of New Jersey in Princeton.[7]
During his college studies, he kept notebooks labeled "The Mind," "Natural Science" (containing a discussion of the atomic theory), "The Scriptures" and "Miscellanies," had a grand plan for a work on natural and mental philosophy, and drew up rules for its composition.[9]
Some individuals can voluntarily produce this rumbling sound by contracting the tensor tympani muscle of the middle ear. The rumbling sound can also be heard when the neck or jaw muscles are highly tensed as when yawning deeply. This phenomenon has been known since (at least) 1884.
Yes, I can do this.
linkback is what the publisher of the page being referred to receives.
4 IndyWeb
linkback is complicated because it is intermediated via servers what happens when every indyvidual can be a first class netizen with autonomous agency a hub to themselves
linkback methods
A trackback allows one website to notify another about an update.[1]
4 IndyWeb
as attention moves all indyvidual sources that are relevant come to view and the relevant resources can be asked for availability of updates
Elige tu propia aventura , publicada por Bantam Books , fue una de las series infantiles más populares durante las décadas de 1980 y 1990, vendiendo más de 250 millones de copias entre 1979 y 1998. [2] Cuando Bantam, ahora propiedad de Random House , permitió la La marca comercial Choose Your Own Adventure caducó , la serie fue relanzada por Chooseco , que ahora posee la marca comercial. Chooseco no reedita títulos de Packard, quien ha iniciado su propio sello, U-Ventures.
Fue una de las series mas sutiles durante la época de 1990
Research Articles
Revista
Abstracting and indexing
Modelo de subtítulo.
African Affairs
Me parece que este elemento es muy importante, la referencia visual, sumada al resumen de la información, lo hacen muy útil y accesible para explicar lo que es la revista.
Abstracting and indexing
índices y factor de impacto.
applied issues in micro- and macroeconomics, including industrial organization, international economics, labor economics, finance, money and banking, growth, public finance, political economy, law and economics, and environmental economics.
Enumerar temas que incluye la revista.
peer-reviewed open-access academic journal
Incluir ligas a palabras estratégicas.
Links
Incluir siempre la liga a la página principal.
Impact factor0.375 (2017)
Investigar en qué caso es relevante añadir el factor de impacto.
In 2016, an anonymous group of economists collaboratively wrote a note alleging academic misconduct by the authors and editor of a paper published in the American Economic Review.[15][16] The note was published under the name Nicolas Bearbaki in homage to Nicolas Bourbaki.[17]
Críticas a la revista.
Notable papers
Artículos destacados que fueron publicados en la revista.
History
Historia relevante de la revista.
peer-reviewed academic journal
Palabras clave que deben incluirse en la introducción.
History1911–present
Incluir apartado histórico.
It was established in 1987 by Klaus F. Zimmermann (UNU-MERIT), who remains the editor-in-chief.[1]
Origen y actual director/a
It is the official journal of the European Society of Population Economics and is published by Springer Science+Business Media in collaboration with POP at UNU-MERIT and the Global Labor Organization
Institución que la edita
The Journal of Population Economics is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal that covers research on economic and demographic problems
Frecuencia de publicación + [[tipo de dictaminación]] + [[revista científica]] + enfoque y alcance.
This page was last edited on 8 December 2019, at 05:10 (UTC).
Desactualizada
International Feminist Journal of Politics
Vale la pena dividir los temas que publica la revista
See also
Vincular las otras revistas de El Colegio
Indexing
Vale la pena meter los registros ISSN
Contents
Tarjeta de contenido muy completa
Abstracting and indexing
Mismo caso que la sección anterior. Valdría la pena ligar a los portales e índices directamente.
History
Una sección muy detallada, aunque basada en fuentes no independientes.
receives supplemental, contextual information through an on-screen, pop-up window, toolbar or sidebar.
examples of augmented learning
he 'process' in process art refers to the process of the formation of art: the gathering, sorting, collating, associating, and patterning. Process art is concerned with the actual doing; art as a rite, ritual, and performance
surfing waves #frisoart
Universal quantification
∀
∀
∀
∀ FOR ALL in Unicode
for all
∀
The blue whale is the largest known animal to have ever existed
A more recent cite, NOAA QUOTE Blue whales are the largest animals ever to live on our planet. https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/blue-whale
Isleños
The Islaneos trace their ancestry back to the canary islands.
Isleños (Louisiana)
Yogi Berra
Annotation for direction.
</br>"When you come to a fork in the road, take it."
</br>"Yogi Berra Way" street sign added to the Montclair, NJ, neighborhood where Berra lived. Edgewood Rd/Ter is a loop and the road winds up where it starts. Berra was born on this day, May 12, in 1925. #Annotate22 132/365
Black variant
The pictures have captions which can be picked up by screen reader applications that the visually impaired readers may pick up on. However, I did learn that having alt codes creates a description of the image that will be picked up on by the screen reader. Instead of just saying "black variant", a descriptive message will be in the alt code.
Download as PDF
The article is adaptable. If the screen reader has a hard time reading on this website directly, it might be useful for the reader to download it as a pdf or even a printable version. This can avoid issues with the screen reader. All the essential information is being included and allows the user to obtain the same information other people do.
Description
Clear headings help the user navigate throughout the article. As we learned, screen readers usually look for headers to follow the article so this will make it easier for the screen reader to pick up on necessary information.
Animalia
It is well known that the blue text on Wikipedia pages are linked to pages with more information. People who are visually impaired or people with motor disabilities may appreciate the ability to use the tab function on the keyboard to go through the blue text on the site. I tried to click tab through the article and to access the linked site I clicked enter which would help users learn even more. Having these keyboard functions work on the site helps with accessibility.
Variable oystercatcher
The website has a simple design. It is easy to find what exactly you are looking for. It doesn't have a bunch of colours or various fonts which can be hard to look at for someone who has sensitive vision. For someone who is colourblind, there are not colours that distinguish categories or sections of information, so the experience using it is not going to be harder for someone who is colourblind.
f Gaeta,
What an interesting fact!
s eaten with the use of a knife and fork
I wonder why its done differently outside of Italy?
grayscale photograph can be converted to a dithered black-and-white image using thresholding, with the leftover amount from each pixel added to the next pixel along the Hilbert curve.
Making a ditherer would be a rewarding project!
Design
.h3
There is no information anywhere about the technology used to store hypothes annotations or how it could scale.
United States examples
Most supporting citations for this section come from daily newspaper editorials. It should be taken with a grain of salt.
Whig history (or Whig historiography), often appearing as whig history, is an approach to historiography that presents history as a journey from an oppressive and benighted past to a "glorious present".[1] The present described is generally one with modern forms of liberal democracy and constitutional monarchy: it was originally a satirical term for the patriotic grand narratives praising Britain's adoption of constitutional monarchy and the historical development of the Westminster system.[2] The term has also been applied widely in historical disciplines outside of British history (e.g. in the history of science) to describe "any subjection of history to what is essentially a teleological view of the historical process".[3] When the term is used in contexts other than British history, "whig history" (lowercase) is preferred.[3]
Stemming from British history, but often applied in other areas including the history of science, whig history is a historiography that presents history as a path from an oppressive, backward, and wretched past to a glorious present. The term was coined by British Historian Herbert Butterfield in The Whig Interpretation of History (1931). It stems from the British Whig party that advocated for the power of Parliament as opposed to the Tories who favored the power of the King.
It would seem to be an unfortunate twist of fate for indigenous science and knowledge that it was almost completely dismissed when the West began to dominate indigenous cultures during the Enlightenment which was still heavily imbued with the influence of scholasticism. Had religion not played such a heavy role in science, we may have had more respect and patience to see and understand the value of indigenous ways of knowing.
Link this to notes from The Dawn of Everything.
In Nora's words, "A lieu de mémoire is any significant entity, whether material or non-material in nature, which by dint of human will or the work of time has become a symbolic element of the memorial heritage of any community (in this case, the French community)"[2
Vol 1 p. xvii
Confederate Memorial Day
Annotation for contextualizing heritage and hatred.
</br>“Her response provided insight into the intimate connections between monuments, white public schools, and town celebrations of the Confederate past.” From Dr. Karen L. Cox’s excellent book No Common Ground. #Annotate22 130/365
The Holy Roman Empire was a highly decentralized state for most of its history, composed of hundreds of smaller states, most of which operated with some degree of independent sovereignty. Although in the earlier part of the Middle Ages, under the Salian and Hohenstaufen emperors, it was relatively centralized, as time went on the Emperor lost more and more power to the Princes.
Is the Holy Roman Empire the better 'imperial' prototype?
Japan Dish made of agar, red seaweed
Japan, endemic red algae
It was first achieved in 1954 by Roger Bannister, at age 25, in 3:59.4.
Annotation for 3:59.4.
</br>“Here at the Iffley Road Track the first sub-four minute mile was run on 6th May 1954 by Roger Bannister.” A plaque at the University of Oxford marks Bannister’s achievement 68 years ago today. Hicham El Guerrouj's current WR is 3:43.13. #Annotate22 126/365
light-weight RPC system between web applications,
RPC between web applications
The Philippines is one of the world's top producers of geothermal power, owing to its location along the Ring of Fire zone of Pacific volcanoes.[1]
It's possibility that the Philippines may not have completely harnesses all available geothermal resources.
Organized crime operates on a small scale. Drug trafficking, petty theft, and home burglary rings typify organized crime, which is often associated within immigrant youth communities or transiting criminal rings from outside of Norway
why are they permitted to stay?
微软宣布开源 3D Movie Maker，源代码采用 MIT 许可证发布在 GitHub 上。3D Movie Maker 是微软在 1995 年发布的儿童计算机程序，用户可以将 3D 人物和道具放置在预渲染环境，添加动作、声效、音乐、文字、语音和特效去制作电影。著名的 Comic Sans 字体最早就是在 3D Movie Maker 中引入的。
H.G.威尔斯有一则短篇小说叫做《盲人国》。在一个与世隔绝的山谷里有一个盲人国，山谷里气候宜人水草充足，但一场奇怪的疾病突然降临，所有新出生的孩子和大一点的孩子都看不见了，年轻人的视野越来越模糊，老年人也逐渐近视。在最后一个有视力的人死去之后，他们继续生活下去，逐渐忘记了外面的世界，也发明出了许多适合的生活方式。唯有一个外来者成功地闯入了盲人国，他发现盲人国里的人过于熟悉看不见的生活，他们依赖触摸和气味，将看见当成是神志不清，坚信宇宙是一个罐子，顶部有一个顶盖。
盲人国经历十几代，其中最有智慧的人已经开始怀疑那些来自有视力先人的传统和信仰，“他们的想象力随着眼球一起萎缩了，同时另一种新的想象力却随着耳朵和手指变得灵敏而得到了增加。”他们的时间也分为冷暖，他们在冷时（夜晚）工作，暖时（白天）睡觉，这与外来者的作息完全相反。尽管看不见，他们创造出的方式正符合他们生活的需要，于是生活得像岩间的骆马无忧无虑。外来者与盲人的矛盾越来越激烈，他讲述的星空、高山、云朵是对于他们信仰的亵渎，是他们厌恶的虚无缥缈，认为外来者是因为理智不够发达才会充满幻想，应该多多向他们学习，而他竟然也不能向他们证实有视力的优越。
在一场失败的武装争辩之后，为了能在盲人国幸存，他不再承认自己能看见，“看见”纯属蠢话，毫无意义，他也承认宇宙是一个罐子，顶部有一个盖子——因为他不这么说，就没有吃的。他的待遇也并不糟糕，盲人仅把他的判断当成是低劣愚昧的证明，他们派他去做简单的重活，但仍反对他在天黑时睡觉，还找了一个哲学家专门跟他谈话祛除他轻浮无知的念头，哲学家的灌输与证明让他差点怀疑自己的看见是一种幻觉。
后来，他在这里与一位盲人姑娘相爱，他与她分享看见的故事，她将他对星空、山河和她自己美貌的讲述当做一种不良嗜好，虽然不相信但是很喜欢。但他们的恋爱并不被外界接纳，因为村民觉得他能看见，是个白痴。为了治愈他、使他真正地适应盲人国，他们决定为他进行一个移除眼睛的手术。为了能成为高等公民，与心上人长相厮守，他同意做手术成为盲人。
protocols are a class of consensus mechanisms for blockchains that work by selecting validators in proportion to their quantity of holdings in the associated cryptocurrency. This is done to avoid the computational cost of proof of work schemes.
Proof-of Stake (holding) Less energy consumption than Proof-of-work
Issues in Ethereum smart contracts, in particular, include ambiguities and easy-but-insecure constructs in its contract language Solidity, compiler bugs, Ethereum Virtual Machine bugs, attacks on the blockchain network, the immutability of bugs and that there is no central source documenting known vulnerabilities, attacks and problematic constructs.
SC ETHEREUM, Security issues
The most popular blockchain for running smart contracts is Ethereum.[32] On Ethereum, smart contracts are typically written in a Turing-complete programming language called Solidity,[33] and compiled into low-level bytecode to be executed by the Ethereum Virtual Machine.[34] Due to the halting problem and other security problems, Turing-completeness is considered to be a risk and is deliberately avoided by languages like Vyper.[35][36] Some of the other smart contract programming languages missing Turing-completeness are Simplicity, Scilla, Ivy and Bitcoin Script.[36] However, measurements using regular expressions showed that only 35.3% of 53,757 Ethereum smart contracts included recursions and loops — constructs connected to the halting problem.[37]
SMART CONTRACTS (SC) Ethereum BC SCs Turing complete: Solidity Turing incomplete: Vyper Simplicity Scilla Ivy Bitcoin script
echnological means for the automation of payment obligations[
Replacing e-NACH mandate in the banking system. Wallets will be deducted directly from
reduction of need in trusted intermediators
transaction protocol which is intended to automatically execute
Uniswap UNI Exchange, Automated Market Making
Uniswap DAO
Inactive holders of governance tokens can be a major obstacle for DAO governance,[5] which has led to implementations of allowing voting power to be delegated to other parties.
2nd DAO vulnerability
The hack was reversed in the following weeks, and the money restored, via a hard fork of the Ethereum blockchain. Most Ethereum miners and clients switched to the new fork while the original chain became Ethereum Classic.
Ethereum classic vs new fork Ethereum
DAOs can be subject to coups or hostile takeovers that upend its voting structures especially if the voting power is based upon the number of tokens one owns. An example of this occurred in 2022, when Build Finance DAO suffered a coup in which one person amassed enough tokens to get a vote passed, then voted to give themselves full control of the DAO, then, using this power, they drained all of the money from the DAO.
1st DAO Vulnerability
International Workers' Day
Annotation for workers.
</br>“Going through the ruins of capitalism towards the international brotherhood of working people!" The Caption of a 1920 poster from the archive of Kyiv’s Ukrainian Evangelical Theological Seminary. Today is #MayDay #InternationalWorkersDay. #Annotate22 121/365
Image credit: Ukrainian Evangelical Theological Seminary, Library of UETS, accessed via USC Libraries.
English text Exult, let them exult, the hosts of heaven, exult, let Angel ministers of God exult, let the trumpet of salvation sound aloud our mighty King's triumph! Be glad, let earth be glad, as glory floods her, ablaze with light from her eternal King, let all corners of the earth be glad, knowing an end to gloom and darkness. Rejoice, let Mother Church also rejoice, arrayed with the lightning of his glory, let this holy building shake with joy, filled with the mighty voices of the peoples. (Therefore, dearest friends, standing in the awesome glory of this holy light, invoke with me, I ask you, the mercy of God almighty, that he, who has been pleased to number me, though unworthy, among the Levites, may pour into me his light unshadowed, that I may sing this candle's perfect praises). (Deacon: The Lord be with you. People: And with your spirit.) Deacon: Lift up your hearts. People: We lift them up to the Lord. Deacon: Let us give thanks to the Lord our God. People: It is right and just. It is truly right and just, with ardent love of mind and heart and with devoted service of our voice, to acclaim our God invisible, the almighty Father, and Jesus Christ, our Lord, his Son, his Only Begotten. Who for our sake paid Adam's debt to the eternal Father, and, pouring out his own dear Blood, wiped clean the record of our ancient sinfulness. These, then, are the feasts of Passover, in which is slain the Lamb, the one true Lamb, whose Blood anoints the doorposts of believers. This is the night, when once you led our forebears, Israel's children, from slavery in Egypt and made them pass dry-shod through the Red Sea. This is the night that with a pillar of fire banished the darkness of sin. This is the night that even now throughout the world, sets Christian believers apart from worldly vices and from the gloom of sin, leading them to grace and joining them to his holy ones. This is the night when Christ broke the prison-bars of death and rose victorious from the underworld. Our birth would have been no gain, had we not been redeemed. O wonder of your humble care for us! O love, O charity beyond all telling, to ransom a slave you gave away your Son! O truly necessary sin of Adam, destroyed completely by the Death of Christ! O happy fault that earned for us so great, so glorious a Redeemer! O truly blessed night, worthy alone to know the time and hour when Christ rose from the underworld! This is the night of which it is written: The night shall be as bright as day, dazzling is the night for me, and full of gladness. The sanctifying power of this night dispels wickedness, washes faults away, restores innocence to the fallen, and joy to mourners, drives out hatred, fosters concord, and brings down the mighty. On this, your night of grace, O holy Father, accept this candle, a solemn offering, the work of bees and of your servants' hands, an evening sacrifice of praise, this gift from your most holy Church. But now we know the praises of this pillar, which glowing fire ignites for God's honour, a fire into many flames divided, yet never dimmed by sharing of its light, for it is fed by melting wax, drawn out by mother bees to build a torch so precious. O truly blessed night, when things of heaven are wed to those of earth, and divine to the human. Therefore, O Lord, we pray you that this candle, hallowed to the honour of your name, may persevere undimmed, to overcome the darkness of this night. Receive it as a pleasing fragrance, and let it mingle with the lights of heaven. May this flame be found still burning by the Morning Star: the one Morning Star who never sets, Christ your Son, who, coming back from death's domain, has shed his peaceful light on humanity, and lives and reigns for ever and ever. Amen.
Felix Culpa, or happy fault, turns suffering into an opportunity for growth. Is this Catholic embrace of suffering the opposite of Buddhist retreat from suffering? #
Teenagers assumed their right to a sexual life with whomever they pleased, and bathers fought to be topless or nude at beaches.
no context?
the 'sexual revolution' would be an instance of a conservative force masquerading under the guise of liberation
it has definitely been used for male gain + the exploitation of female sexuality
assumptions of women as inferior appendage to man, and her consequent social and psychological role
Poor Marie Bonaparte underwent clitoral surgery three times because of Freud's false ideologies
the first oral contraceptives, popularly known as "the Pill."
the male "pill" exists and yet it isn't widely available? what is stopping the distribution of this?
men started having more choices when it came to magazines.
what about women?
Lynn Hunt points out that early modern "pornography" (18th century) is marked by a "preponderance of female narrators", that the women were portrayed as independent, determined, financially successful
worth noting
the advent of public and hardcore pornography.[38]
did this kind of set the precedent for mainstream film? this is the moment people realized sex sells
sex symbol
definitely need to address this in my paper. how does third wave feminism feel about this?
He would also encourage his research team to do the same, and encouraged them to engage in intercourse with him, too.
screams creepy. screams conflict of interest
two weeks
what's there to even say?
the sexual freedom experienced by the adolescents actually permitted them an easy transition from childhood to adulthood
we see this in generally sex-positive countries like sweden and germany
The idea of children having their parents as their early sexual targets were particularly shocking to Victorian and early 20th-century society.
why has this idea stuck? why does freud continue to have such a big impact on psychoanalysis today?
found expression through other cultural outlets
what cultural outlets? also, how were these values communicated/how were they manifested with the implementation of the Hayes Code/strict film + TV censorship
Divorce rates were dramatically increasing
women are becoming more independent, empowered
non-traditional sex
what is considered in this category?
counterculture
also, youth culture. worth mentioning– Splendor in the Grass; sprung from the white middle class (strangely, people with less of a reason to "rebel" but who have a more stable platform to)
changing mores were both stimulated by and reflected in literature and films
topic!!
began to rise dramatically in the mid to late 1950s.
why?
the subculture of the flapper girl included pre-marital sex and "petting parties".
punishment of such a figure is evident in The Great Gatsby – mistress is killed, Daisy remains alive + married
as libertine
prefix liber- meaning free --> libertine has a negative connotation. when did freedom become frowned upon?
rise of urban police forces helped distinguish crime from sin
separation of church + state
female chastity was required for respectable women
Venus pudica statues
as masculinity was maintained
a mentoring relationship for social mobility was involved in these relationships
regulating sexuality
why was there a "lull" between the sexual revolutions (1930s-1950s)? --> war, emphasis on domestic life
Victorian morality lost its universal appeal
also during this time, hysteria is a popularized (fictional) disease in which women can be cured by orgasming. thus, the invention of the vibrator, which was originally sold as a medical apparatus
Push factors and pull factors
includes push and pull factors, easily readible