However, the "etc." cannot be interpreted as a conjunction in formal logic.

Radiography is an imaging technique using X-rays, gamma rays, or similar io

xor

Sketchpad inspired Douglas Engelbart to design and develop oN-Line System at the Augmentation Research Center (ARC) at the Stanford Research Institute (SRI) during the 1960s.

Ivan Sutherland demonstrated with it that computer graphics could be used for both artistic and technical purposes in addition to showing a novel method of human-computer interaction

which functions to detoxify chemicals found in the environment,

n Python, a distinction between expressi

Audiences had strong reactions to the new disturbing themes the horror plays presented. One of the most prevalent themes staged at the Grand-Guignol was the demoralization and corruption of science. The "evil doctor" was a reoccurring trope in the horror shows performed.

The white allotrope can be produced using several different methods. In the industrial process, phosphate rock is heated in an electric or fuel-fired furnace

The brand's last ad campaign was in 2010, and featured Nelly.

Alloys[edit] Antimony forms a highly useful alloy with lead, increasing its hardness and mechanical strength. For most applications involving lead, varying amounts of antimony are used as alloying metal. In lead–acid batteries, this addition improves plate strength and charging characteristics.[49][59] For sailboats, lead keels are used as counterweights, ranging from 600 lbs to over 8000 lbs; to improve hardness and tensile strength of the lead keel, antimony is mixed with lead between 2% and 5% by volume. Antimony is used in antifriction alloys (such as Babbitt metal),[60] in bullets and lead shot, electrical cable sheathing, type metal (for example, for linotype printing machines[61]), solder (some "lead-free" solders contain 5% Sb),[62] in pewter,[63] and in hardening alloys with low tin content in the manufacturing of organ pipes. Other applications[edit] Three other applications consume nearly all the rest of the world's supply.[48] One application is as a stabilizer and catalyst for the production of polyethylene terephthalate.[48] Another is as a fining agent to remove microscopic bubbles in glass, mostly for TV screens;[64] antimony ions interact with oxygen, suppressing the tendency of the latter to form bubbles.[65] The third application is pigments.[48] Antimony is increasingly being used in semiconductors as a dopant in n-type silicon wafers[66] for diodes, infrared detectors, and Hall-effect devices. In the 1950s, the emitters and collectors of n-p-n alloy junction transistors were doped with tiny beads of a lead-antimony alloy.[67] Indium antimonide is used as a material for mid-infrared detectors.[68][69][70]

ese has also been officially re

ost speakers, se

Gadolinium has no large-scale applications, but it has a variety of specialized uses. Because 157Gd has a high neutron cross-section, it is used to target tumors in neutron therapy

tarnishes quickly in moist air, forming a loosely-adhering gadolinium(III) oxide (Gd2O3): 4 Gd + 3 O2 → 2 Gd2O3,

Crushed minerals are extracted with hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, which converts the insoluble oxides into soluble chlorides or sulfates. The acidic filtrates are partially neutralized with caustic soda to pH 3–4. Thorium precipitates as its hydroxide, and is then removed. The remaining solution is treated with ammonium oxalate to convert rare earths into their insoluble oxalates. The oxalates are converted to oxides by heating. The oxides are dissolved in nitric acid that excludes one of the main components, cerium, whose oxide is insoluble in HNO3. The solution is treated with magnesium nitrate to produce a crystallized mixture of double salts of gadolinium, samarium and europium. The salts are separated by ion exchange chromatography. The rare-earth ions are then selectively washed out by a suitable complexing agent.[

a "keyword slugline") as follows: "The keyword or slug (sometimes more than one word) clearly indicates the content of the story."[1]

A skunkworks project is a project developed by a relatively small and loosely structured group of people who research and develop a project primarily for the sake of radical innovation.

In 2004 the Congolese military killed between seventy and one hundred civilians in the town of Kilwa, near Anvil Mining's Dikulushi mine, which resulted in legal proceedings against Anvil Mining in the DRC and Canada, investigations by the Australian Federal Police and by the World Bank Group's Office of the Compliance Advisor/Ombudsman.[citation needed]

Terbium is a chemical element with the symbol Tb and atomic number 65. It is a silvery-white, rare earth metal that is malleable, ductile, and soft enough to be cut with a knife.

Mining of stones and metal has been a human activity since pre-historic times. Modern mining processes involve prospecting for ore bodies, analysis of the profit potential of a proposed mine, extraction of the desired materials, and final reclamation of the land after the mine is closed.[1]

Mining operations usually create a negative environmental impact, both during the mining activity and after the mine has closed.

Mining operations usually create a negative environmental impact, both during the mining activity and after the mine

Mining operations usually create a negative environmental impact, both during the mining activity and after the mine has closed. Hence, most of the world's nations have passed regulations to decrease the impact.

t.

Mining operations usually create a negative environmental impact, both during the mining activity and after the mine has closed.

Ancient Egyptians mined malachite at Maadi.[7] At first, Egyptians used the bright green malachite stones for ornamentations and pottery.

Mining operations usually create a negative environmental impact, both during the mining activity and after the mine has closed.

Surface mining is done by removing (stripping) surface vegetation, dirt, and, if necessary, layers of bedrock

Mining operations usually create a negative environmental impact

Bauxite is the main source of the rare metal gallium

The plural for the small rodent is always "mice" in modern usage. The plural of a computer mouse is either "mouses" or "mice" according to most dictionaries, with "mice" being more common.[4] The first recorded plural usage is "mice"; the online Oxford Dictionaries cites a 1984 use, and earlier uses include J. C. R. Licklider's "The Computer as a Communication Device" of 1968.[5] The term computer mouses may be used informally in some cases. Although the plural of a mouse (small rodent) is mice, the two words have undergone a differentiation through usage.

plural mice

as a dialogue between Sukadeva Gosvami (the son of Vyasadeva) and a group of sages headed by Saunaka

Environmental impacts of mining can occur at local, regional, and global scales through direct and indirect mining practices.

WP:SNOW

Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Katie Bouman

she does pass the notability criteria on her own

This might be a good place for a speedy decision to be made,

wide variety of coverage in a variety of media

article should be trimmed a bit, but deletion is unjustified

Some undue weight, but that doesn't means she isn't notable

Jealous bros should not cry each time a woman is part of an achievement.

the media did give her way too much unasked for credit for a discovery made by a large international team

Recommend editing article to reflect disproportionate amount of press coverage received and reiterate that she is one of the many researchers behind the photograph of the black hole

Meets criteria under WP:NACADEMIC due to *extensive* press coverage (including multiple secondary sources) over the past 48 hours.

it was held recently in the AfD discussion about Saikat Chakrabarti that coverage of other aspects of the person's like (which our article on her details a fair bit of) satisfied those concerns even if the coverage was in news stories otherwise about the "1E"

the subject meets WP:GNG

There is an important nuance that you're missing (along with others)—WP:SUSTAINED press coverage is what establishes notability, not a sudden burst of coverage. WP:TOOSOON also applies.

it isn't indicative of is significance, but that's a different thing

press coverage is exactly indicative of (and more or less synonymous with) notability, as defined by GNG

not necessary indicative of notability if it is not WP:SUSTAINED

it will be more due to press/social media celebrity

the sources like the NYT note that the press coverage she's received is of outsize significance to her actual role in the project.

WP:1E is pretty clear;

I don't know that "her story needs to be told" is a justification for a WP article.

the disproportionate level of coverage to her share of the project should be clarified.

Bouman has received substantial focused coverage from many major news outlets

it's an embarrassment to Wikipedia to have the AfD tag on top

WP:SNOW

is predicated on non-trivial coverage in reliable sources, and there is plenty of that here

WP:BIO

Her notability doesn't hinge on whether she was the principal person behind the the images

This article is much better than many others about non-notable academics!

this is good indication that the Bouman article is notable

Prominent coverage is primarily due to a facebook photo that went viral.

per WP:1E

the press should not have covered her work is original research

the subject meets criterion 7 under NACADEMIC due to the press coverage

adjust her article to reflect the analysis—in reputable secondary sources—about how the media singled her out as the "hero".

Her story *should* be on Wikipedia

Bouman has probably been covered in the news in every country in the world

She is obviously notable enough to have a profile on here

And the Washington Post story shifts gears from her role in the black hole image to online trolling focused around her,

There's now tons of in-depth coverage specifically about her

WP:GNG or WP:NACADEMIC.

There is no evidence that she is a "key component"

Easily notable

list of Academics and educators-related deletion discussions

list of Women-related deletion discussions.

list of Science-related deletion discussions.

We cover what reliable sources cover.

Something like that would almost be worth an article itself.

I don't see the policy basis for keeping this page

doesn't satisfy WP:NACADEMIC

Where do the sources say that she is tenured?

her tenured position at CalTech was announced before the media frenzy this week

I don't support deletion of the article, but the importance of the mediatic coverage and her implication in the M*87 black hole should be explicit as “member of a collaboration of 200 researchers”

Don't you think that this position is a consequence of this mediatic coverage?

She's been featured in almost all coverage

There were at least 200 people with comparable roles and dozens of people with much more notable roles in this event.

WP:1E,

These are guidelines, not policy, and based on the amount of publicity she's receiving, I see no reason why Wikipedia shouldn't have a well-sourced article on her.

she isn't actually credited with any notable accomplishments herself.

only in the context of WP:1E

there are many reliable sources providing significant coverage of her personally.

Bouman's not right for Wikipedia because she "is certainly not notable as a scientist",

Any relevant material can be mentioned there

of WP:1E

Someone who isn't even an assistant professor is certainly not notable as a scientist.

Wikipedia:Notability is not inherited.

The Event Horizon Telescope project is notable in itself, and has its own article, but anyone who are in some way (remotely) associated with it are not inherently notable.

Not content with stripping their citizenship, successive governments tried to remove the estate Tamils from the country entirely. In 1964, Prime Minister Sirimavo Bandaranaike signed an agreement with Indian Prime Minister L.B. Shastri. A second agreement was signed three years later with Indira Gandhi. These provided that 600,000 of the estate Tamils would be expelled and sent to India over a 15-year period, and 375,000 would be restored their Sri Lankan citizenship. Not all of the former group actually returned to India, and remained in Sri Lanka without the ability to vote, travel abroad, or participate fully in Sri Lankan life. It was not until 2003 that full citizenship rights were restored to the remaining Tamils in the hill country

When this Act was passed, the Tamil Congress was strongly criticized by the opposition Marxist groups and the newly formed Sri Lankan Tamil nationalist Federal Party (FP). S. J. V. Chelvanayakam, the leader of this new party, contested the citizenship act before the Supreme Court of Sri Lanka, and then in the Privy council in England, on grounds of discrimination towards minorities, but he did not prevail in overturning

This Government pass the Ceylon Citizenship Act of 1948, which denied citizenship to Sri Lankans of Indian origin and resulted in Sri Lanka becoming a majoritanian state.

There is a sizable population of Tamils in the Central Province, plantation laborers brought down from India by the British colonial authorities in the 19th and 20th centuries. These Indian Tamils (or Estate Tamils), as they are called, still work mainly in Sri Lanka’s tea plantations. They have been locked in poverty for generations and continue to experience poor living conditions.[16] Although they speak dialects of the same language, they are usually considered a separate community from the Sri Lankan Tamils of the North and East. The government of D.S. Senanayake passed legislation stripping the estate Tamils of their citizenship in 1949, leaving them stateless. The effect was to tilt the island's political balance away from the Tamils. In 1948, at independence, the Tamils had 33% of the voting power in Parliament.[citation needed]. Upon the disenfranchisement of the estate Tamils, however, this proportion dropped to 20%. The Sinhalese could and did obtain more than a 2/3 majority in Parliament, making it impossible for Tamils to exercise an effective opposition to Sinhalese policies affecting them.

target operating system ABI

a jewel that couldn't quite find a home or a way to make a profit.

Citarum River

Solid's central focus is to enable the discovery and sharing of information in a way that preserves privacy. A user stores personal data in "pods" (personal online data stores) hosted wherever the user desires.

trivium

Well-known minerals containing cerium, and other LREE, include bastnäsite, monazite, allanite, loparite, ancylite, parisite, lanthanite, chevkinite, cerite, stillwellite, britholite, fluocerite, and cerianite. Monazite (marine sands from Brazil, India, or Australia; rock from South Africa), bastnäsite (from Mountain Pass rare earth mine, or several localities in China), and loparite (Kola Peninsula, Russia) have been the principal ores of cerium and the light lanthanides.[26]

Most of the current supply of HREE originates in the "ion-absorption clay" ores of Southern China.

Rare-earth element cerium is actually the 25th most abundant element in Earth's crust, having 68 parts per million (about as common as copper).

List of fictional colors

Eurasian Steppe

Since the 1950s,[41] theoretical physicists and mathematicians have attempted to organise all QFTs into a set of axioms, in order to establish the existence of concrete models of relativistic QFT in a mathematically rigorous way and to study their properties. This line of study is called constructive quantum field theory, a subfield of mathematical physics,[42]:2 which has led to such results as CPT theorem, spin–statistics theorem, and Goldstone's theorem

Algorithms are available for transfer learning in Markov logic networks[12] and Bayesian networks.[13] Transfer learning has also been applied to cancer subtype discovery,[14] building utilization,[15][16] general game playing,[17] text classification,[18][19] digit recognition[20] and spam filtering.[21]

branching

makes some devices running 32-bit Android crash and not restart when the time is changed to that date

Many transportation systems from flight to automobiles use embedded systems extensively. In automotive systems, this may include anti-lock braking system (ABS), electronic stability control (ESC/ESP), traction control (TCS) and automatic four-wheel drive; aircraft may use inertial guidance systems and GPS receivers.[note 1] However, this does not imply that all these systems will suffer from the Y2038 problem, since many such systems do not require access to dates.

True writing

True writing

should reject the influence of both liberal capitalism and communism, ideas that inspired the revolutionary slogan "Neither East, nor West – Islamic Republic!"

line parallel to a clipping window edge has p i = 0 {\displaystyle p_{i}=0} for that boundary.

the most effective way to solve problems was to augment human intelligence and develop ways of building collective intelligence.[6]

Zugzwang (German for "compulsion to move", pronounced [ˈtsuːktsvaŋ]) is a situation found in chess and other games wherein one player is put at a disadvantage because they must make a move when they would prefer to pass and not move

A 2009 study of Wikipedia found that most weasel words in it could be divided into three main categories:[13] Numerically vague expressions (for example, "some people", "experts", "many", "evidence suggests") Use of the passive voice to avoid specifying an authority (for example, "it is said") Adverbs that weaken (for example, "often", "probably")

In some hypertext, hyperlinks can be bidirectional: they can be followed in two directions, so both ends act as anchors and as targets. More complex arrangements exist, such as many-to-many links.

REST's client-server separation of concerns

Cargo cult programming is a style of computer programming characterized by the ritual inclusion of code or program structures that serve no real purpose.

Hans Moravec argued in 1976 that computers were still millions of times too weak to exhibit intelligence. He suggested an analogy: artificial intelligence requires computer power in the same way that aircraft require horsepower. Below a certain threshold, it's impossible, but, as power increases, eventually it could become easy.[79] With regard to computer vision, Moravec estimated that simply matching the edge and motion detection capabilities of human retina in real time would require a general-purpose computer capable of 109 operations/second (1000 MIPS).[80] As of 2011, practical computer vision applications require 10,000 to 1,000,000 MIPS. By comparison, the fastest supercomputer in 1976, Cray-1 (retailing at $5 million to $8 million), was only capable of around 80 to 130 MIPS, and a typical desktop computer at the time achieved less than 1 MIPS.

tsort <<EOF > 3 8 > 3 10 > 5 11 > 7 8 > 7 11 > 8 9 > 11 2 > 11 9 > 11 10 > EOF 3 5 7 11 8 10 2 9

tsort lists the vertices of a directed acyclic graph in such an order that all ordering/direction relations are respected

the exponential distribution is the probability distribution of the time between events in a Poisson point process, i.e., a process in which events occur continuously and independently at a constant average rate.

The x mark is also sometimes used for this purpose (most notably on election ballot papers, e.g. in the United Kingdom), but otherwise usually indicates "no", incorrectness, or failure.

13th century

Since the time of Henry I, it has been used by the reigning monarch and is the longest-occupied palace in Europe

In the U.K., The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds states that there is no scientific evidence that cat predation "is having any impact on bird populations UK-wide. The article goes on to say, "This may be surprising, but many millions of birds die naturally every year, mainly through starvation, disease, or other forms of predation. There is evidence that cats tend to take weak or sickly birds".

A 2018 study of the El Yunque National Forest in Puerto Rico reported a decline in arthropods, and in lizards, frogs, and birds

A value judgment (or value judgement) is a judgment of the rightness or wrongness of something or someone, or of the usefulness of something or someone

Delusions of Gender: How Our Minds, Society, and Neurosexism Create Difference is a 2010 book by Cordelia Fine, written to debunk the idea that men and women are hardwired with different interests. The author criticizes claimed evidence of the existence of innate biological differences between men and women's minds as being faulty and exaggerated, and while taking a position of agnosticism with respect to inherent differences relating to interest/skill in 'understanding the world' versus 'understanding people', reviews literature demonstrating how cultural and societal beliefs contribute to sex differences.

During 1995, a decision was made to (officially) start licensing the Mac OS and Macintosh ROMs to 3rd party manufacturers who started producing Macintosh "clones". This was done in order to achieve deeper market penetration and extra revenue for the company. This decision lead to Apple having over a 10% market share until 1997 when Steve Jobs was re-hired as interim CEO to replace Gil Amelio. Jobs promptly found a loophole in the licensing contracts Apple had with the clone manufacturers and terminated the Macintosh OS licensing program, ending the Macintosh clone era. The result of this action was that Macintosh computer market share quickly fell from 10% to around 3%.

Nash proved that if we allow mixed strategies, then every game with a finite number of players in which each player can choose from finitely many pure strategies has at least one Nash equilibrium.

Channel Tunnel

11 to 81 kilometres (6.8 to 50.3 miles) in diameter

11 to 81 kilometres (7 to 50 mi) in diameter and having a mass between 1.0×1015 and 4.6×1017 kg,

Walter Jackson Freeman II (November 14, 1895 – May 31, 1972) was a American physician who specialized in LOBOTOMY.[1]

center

As little as 10 mL (0.34 US fl oz) of pure methanol can cause permanent blindness

here they arrested and disarmed about 250 blacks

According to the Atlanta History Center, some black Americans were hanged from lamposts

Black men and women were thrown from trolley-cars, assaulted with clubs and pelted with stones.

25 to 30 black men and women were killed, with 90 injured. One white man was reported killed, and about 10 injured.[16]

On Sunday a group of African Americans met in the Brownsville community south of downtown and near Clark University to discuss actions; they had armed themselves for defense. Fulton County police learned of the meeting and raided it; an officer was killed in an ensuing shootout. Three companies of militia were sent to Brownsville, where they arrested and disarmed about 250 blacks, including university professors.

Alonzo Herndon's barber shop was among the first targets of the white mob, and the fine fittings were destroyed.[15] Individual black men were killed on the steps of the US Post Office and inside the Marion Hotel, where one was chased by a crowd. During that night, a large mob attacked Decatur Street, the center of black restaurants and saloons. It destroyed the businesses and assaulted any blacks in sight. Mobs moved to Peters Street and related neighborhoods to wreak more damage.

ttacking people in their houses, or driving them outside.

10 pm, the first three blacks had been killed and more were being treated in the hospital

Following this report, several dozen white men and boys began gathering in gangs, and began to beat, stab, and shoot blacks in retaliation, pulling them off or assaulting them on streetcars, beginning in the Five Points section of downtown.

Atlanta newspapers reported four sexual assaults on local white women, allegedly by black men.

The violence did not end until after Governor Joseph M. Terrell called in the Georgia National Guard,

four European-American women raped in separate incidents

According to the Atlanta History Center, some black Americans were hanged from lamposts; others were shot, beaten or stabbed to death. They were pulled from street cars and attacked on the street; white mobs invaded black neighborhoods, destroying homes and businesses.

If cerebellar outputs are pharmacologically inactivated while leaving the inputs and intracellular circuits intact, learning takes place even while the animal fails to show any response, whereas, if intracerebellar circuits are disrupted, no learning takes place—these facts taken together make a strong case that the learning, indeed, occurs inside the cerebellum.[41]

As of December 2017, installed capacity of wind power in the European Union totaled 169.3 gigawatts (GW). In 2017, a total of 15,680 MW of wind power was installed

Sometimes an even-point scale is used, where the middle option of "Neither agree nor disagree" is not available. This is sometimes called a "forced choice" method, since the neutral option is removed.

While industry was closed, the packing plants arranged to deliver pay to certain places in the city so that African-American men could pick up their wages

These four units totaled 3,500 men

The Chief of Police, John J. Garrity, closed "all places where men congregate for other than religious purposes" to help restore order.

Rioters stretched cables across the streets to prevent fire trucks from entering the areas.

The majority of the rioting, murder, and arson was the result of white ethnic groups attacking the African American population in the city's Black Belt on the South Side

some whites seeking to help save Eugene Williams, reporting other whites to the police, denouncing the violence, and bringing food to black communities

throwing rocks at black swimmers in the water at a beach on the South Side which resulted in Eugene Williams' death