- Sep 2023
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docutils.sourceforge.io docutils.sourceforge.io
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docutils.sourceforge.io docutils.sourceforge.io
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docutils.sourceforge.io docutils.sourceforge.io
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thescimus.com thescimus.com
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Configuring PyCharm: Open PyCharm with ‘Pytest Web Framework’ Press Ctrl+Alt+S > Project Click ‘Project Interpreter’ Select Python 3.6 Click ‘OK’ Go to write over 100500 automated tests!!!
This section provides a step-by-step guide on setting up PyCharm for automated testing using the 'Pytest Web Framework'.
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- Aug 2023
- Jul 2023
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danielms.site danielms.site
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cat requirements.txt | grep -E '^[^# ]' | cut -d= -f1 | xargs -n 1 poetry add
Use
poetry initto create a samplepyproject.toml, and then trigger this line to exportrequirements.txtinto apyproject.toml
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wesmckinney.com wesmckinney.com
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As you can see, it has sliced along axis 0, the first axis. A slice, therefore, selects a range of elements along an axis. It can be helpful to read the expression arr2d[:2] as "select the first two rows of arr2d."
Slices follow a similar logic than indexing in NumPy array's.
array[:2]selects a range of elements along a single axis,, butarray[:2, 1:]does it along two axis.
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wesmckinney.com wesmckinney.com
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You might want to suppress only ValueError, since a TypeError (the input was not a string or numeric value) might indicate a legitimate bug in your program. To do that, write the exception type after except: def attempt_float(x): try: return float(x) except ValueError: return x
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Since generators produce output one element at a time versus an entire list all at once, it can help your program use less memory.
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It is not until you request elements from the generator that it begins executing its code:
A generator is a function-like iterator object.
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A generator is a convenient way, similar to writing a normal function, to construct a new iterable object. Whereas normal functions execute and return a single result at a time, generators can return a sequence of multiple values by pausing and resuming execution each time the generator is used. To create a generator, use the yield keyword instead of return in a function:
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In this case, return_value would be a 3-tuple with the three returned variables. A potentially attractive alternative to returning multiple values like before might be to return a dictionary instead:
Returning multiple values in Python is expressed as a tuple by default and each value is correspondingly assigned. Optionally, you can return a dictionary if specified.
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The for parts of the list comprehension are arranged according to the order of nesting, and any filter condition is put at the end as before.
Nested list comprehensions follow the same logic as nested for loops. The difference strives that in list comprehensions the filtered variable is mentioned twice.
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til.simonwillison.net til.simonwillison.net
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python -m calendar
So surprised that you can output a calendar view using Python
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python -m site, which outputs useful information about your installation
python -m site<--- see useful information about your Python installation
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github.com github.com
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```python from flask import Flask, request from collections import defaultdict import re import random
GREEN ="🟩" YELLOW ="🟨" WHITE ="⬜"
def get_answers(): with open("allowed_answers.txt") as f: answers = set(l for l in f.read().splitlines() if l) return answers
def get_guesses(): guesses = get_answers() with open("allowed_guesses.txt") as f: for l in f.read().splitlines(): if l: guesses.add(l) return guesses
app = Flask(name, static_folder="static") app.answers = get_answers() app.guesses = get_guesses() word = random.choice(list(app.answers)) print(f"The word is {word}")
def with_header(content): return f"""
<html> <head> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" title="searchGame" href="http://searchgame:5000/static/opensearch.xml" /> </head> <body> {content} </body></html>"""
@app.route("/") def home(): return with_header("
Right click on the address bar to install the search engine.
")@app.route("/search") def search(): return with_header(f"Content: {request.args.get('q')}")
def to_result(guess, answer): chars = [WHITE] * 5 count = defaultdict(int) for idx, (g, a) in enumerate(zip(guess, answer)): if g == a: chars[idx] = GREEN else: count[a] += 1
for idx, g in enumerate(guess): if g in count and count[g] > 0 and chars[idx] == WHITE: chars[idx] = YELLOW count[g] -= 1 return "".join(chars)def maybe_error(guess): if len(guess) < 5: return f"less than 5 characters" if len(guess) > 5: return f"greater than 5 characters" if guess not in app.guesses: return f"not in wordlist" return None
@app.route("/game") def game(): query = request.args.get("q") guesses = [x for x in re.split("[. ]", query) if x] response = [] if not guesses: response.append("Enter 5-letter guesses separated by spaces") else: most_recent = guesses[-1] # Don't show "too short" error for most recent guess if len(most_recent) < 5: guesses = guesses[:-1] if not guesses: response.append("Enter a wordle guess") for guess in guesses[::-1]: error = maybe_error(guess) if error is None: result = to_result(guess, word) s = f"{guess} | {result}" if result == GREEN * 5: s = f"{s} | CORRECT!" response.append(s) else: response.append(f"{guess} | ERROR: {error}")
return [query, response]```
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testdriven.io testdriven.io
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o con
حالا می خواد بره با Axios وصلش کنه
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e
حالا رفت سراغ Vue
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requests
در واقع تعیین می کنه که درخواست ها از چه پروتکلی، با چه IP یا Domain Name و رو چه Port می تونی جواب بدی. خیلی خووبه براش تعیین کنی تو فقط باید از این IP و Port که در Front تعیین کردی استفاده کنی
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Flask-CORS
تازه رفت سراغ Flask-origin چقد جاالب.
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pyth
اول یه Virtual Environment می سازه
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pythonspeed.com pythonspeed.com
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For a new project, I’d just immediately start with Ruff; for existing projects, I would strongly recommend trying it as soon as you start getting annoyed about how long linting is taking in CI (or even worse, on your computer).
Recommendation for when to use Ruff over PyLint or Flake8
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- Jun 2023
-
www.datacamp.com www.datacamp.com
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stackoverflow.com stackoverflow.com
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Python essentially doesn't have private methods, let alone protected ones, and it doesn't turn out to be that big a deal in practice.
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```python def split_user(userid): """ Return the user and domain parts from the given user id as a dict.
For example if userid is u'acct:seanh@hypothes.is' then return {'username': u'seanh', 'domain': u'hypothes.is'}' :raises InvalidUserId: if the given userid isn't a valid userid """ match = re.match(r"^acct:([^@]+)@(.*)$", userid) if match: return {"username": match.groups()[0], "domain": match.groups()[1]} raise InvalidUserId(userid)```
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realpython.com realpython.com
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```html
<body> <div> {% for chat in chats %} <div>{{ chat.contents }}</div> <button id={{chat.id}} ✅ onClick=getId(id) ✅ > print this chat_id out </button> {% endfor %} </div> ... <script> function getId(id){ console.log(id) } </script> </body>```
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jinja.palletsprojects.com jinja.palletsprojects.com
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drivendata.co drivendata.co
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Examples of frontends include: pip, build, poetry, hatch, pdm, flit Examples of backends include: setuptools (>=61), poetry-core, hatchling, pdm-backend, flit-core
Frontend and backend examples of Python's build backends
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pyproject.toml-based builds are the future, and they promote better practices for reliable package builds and installs. You should prefer to use them!
setup.pyis considered a "legacy" functionality these days -
Did you say setuptools? Yes! You may be familiar with setuptools as the thing that used your setup.py files to build packages. Setuptools now also fully supports pyproject.toml-based builds since version 61.0.0. You can do everything in pyproject.toml and no longer need setup.py or setup.cfg.
setuptools can now utilize
pyproject.toml
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www.educative.io www.educative.io
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Cropping pages.
PyPDF4 is compared with 6 other python libraries to manipulate, create and annotate pdf files via python
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- May 2023
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kobzol.github.io kobzol.github.io
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With this dataclass, I have an explicit description of what the function returns.
Dataclasses give you a lot more clarity of what the function returns, in comparison to returning tuples or dictionaries
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stackoverflow.com stackoverflow.com
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Host machine: docker run -it -p 8888:8888 image:version Inside the Container : jupyter notebook --ip 0.0.0.0 --no-browser --allow-root Host machine access this url : localhost:8888/tree
3 ways of running
jupyter notebookin a container
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www.runoob.com www.runoob.com
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python 内置函数next()
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nedbatchelder.com nedbatchelder.com
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we are all beginners
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stackoverflow.com stackoverflow.com
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How can I add, subtract, and compare binary numbers in Python without converting to decimal?
I think the requirements of this were not spelled out well. After reading this over a couple of times, I think the problem should be…
"Add, subtract, and compare binary numbers in Python as strings, without converting them to decimal."
I'll take on that problem sometime when I get free time!
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'handlers': { 'console': { 'level': 'INFO', 'class': 'logging.StreamHandler', 'stream': sys.stdout, 'formatter': 'verbose' }, },
It's as simple as adding "sys.stdout" to the "stream" attribute.
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codeinthehole.com codeinthehole.com
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16 August 2011
This is a pretty old article, from 2011. Note that it refers to Python 2.6 and 2.7. Today, Python is up to version 3.12.
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- Apr 2023
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sinoroc.gitlab.io sinoroc.gitlab.io
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NICE tables comparing build frameworks, front-ends & backends & others, discovered from this SO.
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www.zhihu.com www.zhihu.com
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Python入门 类class 基础篇
class starter
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colab.research.google.com colab.research.google.com
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Experienced talk on python project configurations
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pythonspeed.com pythonspeed.com
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If you install a package with pip’s --user option, all its files will be installed in the .local directory of the current user’s home directory.
One of the recommendations for Python multi-stage Docker builds. Thanks to
pip install --user, the packages won't be spread across 3 different paths.
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- Mar 2023
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www.seanh.cc www.seanh.cc
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snarky.ca snarky.ca
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Honestly, all the activation scripts do are:
See the 4 steps below to understand what activating an environment in Python really does
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Using pex in combination with S3 for storing the pex files, we built a system where the fast path avoids the overhead of building and launching Docker images.Our system works like this: when you commit code to GitHub, the GitHub action either does a full build or a fast build depending on if your dependencies have changed since the previous deploy. We keep track of the set of dependencies specified in setup.py and requirements.txt.For a full build, we build your project dependencies into a deps.pex file and your code into a source.pex file. Both are uploaded to Dagster cloud. For a fast build we only build and upload the source.pex file.In Dagster Cloud, we may reuse an existing container or provision a new container as the code server. We download the deps.pex and source.pex files onto this code server and use them to run your code in an isolated environment.
Fast vs full deployments
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stackoverflow.com stackoverflow.com
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Well, in short, with iterators, the flow of information is one-way only. When you have an iterator, all you can really do call the __next__ method to get the very next value to be yielded. In contrast, the flow of information with generators is bidirectional: you can send information back into the generator via the send method.
- Iterator ← one-way communication (can only
yieldstuff) - Generator ← bidirectional communication (can also accept information via the
sendmethod)
- Iterator ← one-way communication (can only
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docs.databricks.com docs.databricks.com
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PythonCopyconfigs = {"fs.azure.account.auth.type": "OAuth", "fs.azure.account.oauth.provider.type": "org.apache.hadoop.fs.azurebfs.oauth2.ClientCredsTokenProvider", "fs.azure.account.oauth2.client.id": "<application-id>", "fs.azure.account.oauth2.client.secret": dbutils.secrets.get(scope="<scope-name>",key="<service-credential-key-name>"), "fs.azure.account.oauth2.client.endpoint": "https://login.microsoftonline.com/<directory-id>/oauth2/token"} # Optionally, you can add <directory-name> to the source URI of your mount point. dbutils.fs.mount( source = "abfss://<container-name>@<storage-account-name>.dfs.core.windows.net/", mount_point = "/mnt/<mount-name>", extra_configs = configs)
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mode80.github.io mode80.github.io
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So why aren't more people using Nim? I don't know! It's the closest thing to a perfect language that I've used by far.
Nim sounds as the most ideal language when comparing to Python, Rust, Julia, C#, Swift, C
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trompace-client.readthedocs.io trompace-client.readthedocs.io
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pythonspeed.com pythonspeed.com
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depending on how smart the framework is, you might find yourself installing Conda packages over and over again on every run. This is inefficient, even when using a faster installer like Mamba.
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there’s the bootstrapping problem: depending on the framework you’re using, you might need to install Conda and the framework driver before you can get anything going. A Docker image would come prepackaged with both, in addition to your code and its dependencies. So even if your framework supports Conda directly, you might want to use Docker anyway.
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The only thing that will depend on the host operating system is glibc, pretty much everything else will be packaged by Conda. So a pinned environment.yml or conda-lock.yml file is a reasonable alternative to a Docker image as far as having consistent dependencies.
Conda can be a sufficient alternative to Docker
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To summarize, for the use case of Python development environments, here’s how you might choose alternatives to Docker:
(see table below)
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Conda packages everything but the standard C library, from C libraries to the Python interpreter to command-line tools to compilers.
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stackoverflow.com stackoverflow.com
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When you call 'foo' in Ruby, what you're actually doing is sending a message to its owner: "please call your method 'foo'". You just can't get a direct hold on functions in Ruby in the way you can in Python; they're slippery and elusive. You can only see them as though shadows on a cave wall; you can only reference them through strings/symbols that happen to be their name. Try and think of every method call 'object.foo(args)' you do in Ruby as the equivalent of this in Python: 'object.getattribute('foo')(args)'.
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def document(f): def wrap(x): print "I am going to square", x f(x) return wrap @document def square(x): print math.pow(x, 2) square(5)
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wimyedema.medium.com wimyedema.medium.com
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Post involved with finding a good jupyter notebook visualization lib for DAGs.
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- Feb 2023
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Local file Local file
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What object-oriented means
What does the object-oriented means? Objects are models of somethings that can do certain things and have certain things done to them. Formally, an object is a collection of data and associated behaviors.
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The difference between object-oriented design and object-orientedprogramming
What is the design and programming mean in OOP?
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Cannot make it run due to lib incompatibillities, Feb2023 :-( - related to #199: Is Project Dead? - contributions has fallen after 2021.
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- Jan 2023
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www.w3schools.com www.w3schools.com
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The len() function returns the length of a string:
This function may be useful if it is necessary to determine if a string is too long or too short for a given task.
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socialhub.activitypub.rocks socialhub.activitypub.rocks
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www.w3schools.com www.w3schools.com
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Python has a set of built-in methods that you can use on lists/arrays
Python makes use of lists/arrays
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Float is a function or reusable code in the Python programming language that converts values into floating point numbers. Floating point numbers are decimal values or fractional numbers like 133.5, 2897.11, and 3571.213, whereas real numbers like 56, 2, and 33 are called integers.
Meaning of Float in Python proramming language
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h.readthedocs.io h.readthedocs.io
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make dev
I am getting this error while doing make dev I have installed the required version of python, still update with the required version please.
File "/home/ec2-user/projects/h/h/search/config.py", line 213, in _ensure_icu_plugin
names = [x.strip() for x in conn.cat.plugins(h="component").split("\n")]
AttributeError: 'list' object has no attribute 'split'
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datascienceparichay.com datascienceparichay.com
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Now, if you try to parse a date (using the pandas.to_datetime() function) that lies outside this range, we get the above ParseError.
The datetime type in pandas can only take values inside a given range, for example, dates less than 1677-09-21 and greater than 2262-04-11 cannot be used in Pandas. Is this due to the bit size the datetime[ns] type uses in Pandas?
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pythonbasics.org pythonbasics.org
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Python dictionaries are another collection. Real word dictionaries are a good analogy to understand them: they contain a list of items, each item has a key and a value. In the traditional dictionary, the key is the word and the value is the explanation or description of it. In Python you can do something similar.
Meaning of Dictionary according to Python Language
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www.techtarget.com www.techtarget.com
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CamelCase is formally referred to as medial capitals. It may also be called or styled as PascalCase, camel case, InterCaps, mixedCase or WikiCase.
this is a descripton
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CamelCase is a way to separate the words in a phrase by making the first letter of each word capitalized and not using spaces
Camel Case is a method to avoid spaces in names. For example UpperCamelCase and lowerCamelCase
All PascalCase styles are CamelCase but not all CamelCase are PascalCase
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www.freecodecamp.org www.freecodecamp.org
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Integers
Integers definition
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www.geeksforgeeks.org www.geeksforgeeks.org
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Note: Triple quotes, according to official Python documentation are docstrings, or multi-line docstrings and are not considered comments. Anything inside triple quotes is read by the interpreter. When the interpreter encounters the hash symbol, it ignores everything after that. That is what a comment is defined to be.
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www.w3resource.com www.w3resource.com
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Snake case (stylized as snake_case) refers to the style of writing in which each space is replaced by an underscore (_) character, and the first letter of each word written in lowercase. It is a commonly used naming convention in computing, for example for variable and subroutine names, and for filenames.
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techterms.com techterms.com
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PascalCase
I typically like to use PascalCase to indicate variables in my code. It is common in large development environments to have a coding standard document that defines how each programmer on the team will use various conventions
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ruudvanasseldonk.com ruudvanasseldonk.com
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Python — Json documents double as valid Python literals with minimal adaptation, and Python supports trailing commas and comments. It has variables and functions, powerful string interpolation, and json.dump built in. A self-contained Python file that prints json to stdout goes a long way!
If you would like to template yaml, then rather do it in Nix or Python
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www.futurelearn.com www.futurelearn.com
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stackoverflow.com stackoverflow.com
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No, in Python "[ [] foo [] boo [][]] ".strip(" []") returns "foo [] boo".
I would have expected it would remove the string " []", not the occurrences of any of the characters within the string...
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There is no such method in ruby, but you can easily define it like: def my_strip(string, chars) chars = Regexp.escape(chars) string.gsub(/\A[#{chars}]+|[#{chars}]+\z/, "") end
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pythonspeed.com pythonspeed.com
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Solution #3: Switch to Conda-Forge
Yet another possible solution for M1 users, but you need to use conda and expect less packages than in PyPI
-
In general, the environment variable is too heavy-handed and should be avoided, since it will impact all images you build or run. Given the speed impact, you don’t for example want to run your postgres image with emulation, to no benefit.
Which options to avoid
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The problem with this approach is that the emulation slows down your runtime. How much slower it is? Once benchmark I ran was only 6% of the speed of the host machine!
Speed is the core problem with emulation
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The other option is to run x86_64 Docker images on your ARM64 Mac machine, using emulation. Docker is packaged with software that will translate or emulate x86_64 machine code into ARM64 machine code on the fly; it’s slow, but the code will run.
Another possible solution for M1 users (see snippets below)
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Third, you can pre-compile wheels, store them somewhere, and install those directly instead of downloading the packages from PyPI.
Third possible solution for M1 users
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If you have a compiler installed in your Docker image and any required native libraries and development headers, you can compile a native package from the source code. Basically, you add a RUN apt-get upgrade && apt-get install -y gcc and iterate until the package compiles successfully.
Second possible solution for M1 users
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First, it’s possible the relevant wheels are available in newer versions of the libraries.
First possible solution for M1 users
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When you pip install murmurhash==1.0.6 on a M1/M2 Mac inside Docker, again it looks at the available files
Other possible steps that
pipwill do when trying to install a Python package without a relevant CPU instruction set -
When you pip install filprofiler==2022.05.0 on a M1/M2 Mac inside Docker, pip will look at the available files for that version, and then
3 steps that
pipwill do when trying to install a Python package without a relevant CPU instruction set -
In either case, pure Python will Just Work, because it’s interpreted at runtime: there’s no CPU-specific machine code, it’s just text that the Python interpreter knows how to run. The problems start when we start using compiled Python extensions. These are machine code, and therefore you need a version that is specific to your particular CPU instruction set.
M1 Python issues
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datavizpyr.com datavizpyr.com
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Data Viz with Python and RLearn to Make Plots in Python and R
data viz with python and R
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news.ycombinator.com news.ycombinator.com
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Here's my opinion, having written many thousands of lines of mypy code.
Negative opinion on mypy (see below this annotation)
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- Dec 2022
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learnbyexample.github.io learnbyexample.github.io
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Overall, the code was significantly shorter compared to the tkinter version I did last year. That version had a few more features, but I'd say Textual felt much easier to reason about.
Textual is much easier than tkinter.
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stackoverflow.com stackoverflow.com
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Or more directly
Hack for pasting multiline Python scripts in a terminal:
pythonexec('''<paste code>''')[ENTER]
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www.learnbyexample.org www.learnbyexample.org
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In Python, everything is an object – integers, strings, lists, functions, even classes themselves.
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mkennedy.codes mkennedy.codes
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Try this code at app startup:
Code to improve Python GC settings to increase the performance by 20%
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The trigger is when you allocate 700 or more container objects (classes, dicts, tuples, lists, etc) more than have been cleaned up, a GC cycle runs.
Trigger for GC runs in Python
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www.complexityexplorer.org www.complexityexplorer.org
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peps.python.org peps.python.org
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peps.python.org peps.python.org
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To summarize the three options we’ve seen, as well as a streaming ijson-based solution:
Comparison of 4 Python's JSON libraries
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guicommits.com guicommits.com
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Always start with functionsGrow to classes once you feel you can group different subsets of functions
Python rules for creating a function or a class
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First of all, in Python there are no such things as "files" and I noticed this is the main source of confusion for beginners.If you're inside a directory that contains any __init__.py it's a directory composed of modules, not files.
On "files" in Python
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usrme.xyz usrme.xyz
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the fact that the Poetry developers intentionally introduced failures to people’s CI/CD pipelines to motivate them to move away from Poetry’s legacy installer… Though we didn’t rely on the installer in our pipelines, this was the death knell for the continued use of Poetry.
Video on this topic: https://youtu.be/Gr9o8MW_pb0
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www.zhihu.com www.zhihu.com
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如何面试Python后端工程师？
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www.zhihu.com www.zhihu.com
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编程新手如何提高编程能力？
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www.zhihu.com www.zhihu.com
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为什么很多语言的pattern matching能力有限？
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www.zhihu.com www.zhihu.com
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高频交易中C++和Python的速度差异有多少？
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www.zhihu.com www.zhihu.com
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如何看待以及理解Python的这种尾递归优化？
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www.zhihu.com www.zhihu.com
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Lambda 表达式、Block、闭包与匿名函数之间有什么区别？和 λ 演算有什么关系？
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www.zhihu.com www.zhihu.com
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Python 中的 lambda 和「真正的」lambda 有什么区别？
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www.zhihu.com www.zhihu.com
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如何理解 Python 的 Descriptor？
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www.zhihu.com www.zhihu.com
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www.zhihu.com www.zhihu.com
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如何评价王垠博文《PySonar的价值和意义》？
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www.zhihu.com www.zhihu.com
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请问爬虫如何爬取动态页面的内容？
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www.zhihu.com www.zhihu.com
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如何看待Python中加入static typing?
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www.zhihu.com www.zhihu.com
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为何大量设计模式在动态语言中不适用?
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www.zhihu.com www.zhihu.com
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Mixin是什么概念?
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www.zhihu.com www.zhihu.com
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有没有内容类似于《Python源码剖析》，但内容更新过，针对新版本的Python书籍？
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mastodonpy.readthedocs.io mastodonpy.readthedocs.io
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- Nov 2022
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medium.com medium.com
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There are plenty of articles about the emergence of PyScript for embedding Python code directly into HTML, but until now the creation of browser extensions in Python has been something of a closed door.
One can use PyScript to write browser extensions in Python (or at least some simple ones?)
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towardsdatascience.com towardsdatascience.com
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mathspp.com mathspp.com
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notice that defaultdict not only returns the default value, but also assigns it to the key that wasn't there before:
See example below about
defaultdict -
we might need a dictionary subclass, and then we need to access a key that does not exist in that dictionary
Example of applying
__missing__dunder method:```python class DictSubclass(dict): def missing(self, key): print("Hello, world!")
my_dict = DictSubclass() my_dict["this key isn't available"]
Hello, world!
```
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The table also includes links to the documentation of the dunder method under the emoji 🔗. When available, relevant Pydon'ts are linked under the emoji 🗒️.
Table below lists Python dunder methods
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>>> 3 in my_list False >>> my_list.__contains__(3) False
python 3 in my_listis the same as:python my_list.__contains__(3) -
“dunder” comes from “double underscore”
dunder = double underscores (__)
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dunder methods are methods that allow instances of a class to interact with the built-in functions and operators
Python's dunder methods
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- Oct 2022
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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from gensim.summarization.summarizer import summarize summarize(text1, ratio=0.5)
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bugs.python.org bugs.python.org
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I'm afraid you missed the joke ;-) While you believe spaces are required on both sides of an em dash, there is no consensus on this point. For example, most (but not all) American authorities say /no/ spaces should be used. That's the joke. In writing a line about "only one way to do it", I used a device (em dash) for which at least two ways to do it (with spaces, without spaces) are commonly used, neither of which is obvious -- and deliberately picked a third way just to rub it in. This will never change ;-)
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This text has a line which has an ortographical typo in it. Please look at this line of text from the Zen of Python: There should be one-- and preferably only one --obvious way to do it.
first sighting: ortographical
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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Beautiful is better than ugly. Explicit is better than implicit. Simple is better than complex. Complex is better than complicated. Flat is better than nested. Sparse is better than dense. Readability counts. Special cases aren't special enough to break the rules. Although practicality beats purity. Errors should never pass silently. Unless explicitly silenced. In the face of ambiguity, refuse the temptation to guess. There should be one– and preferably only one –obvious way to do it.[a] Although that way may not be obvious at first unless you're Dutch. Now is better than never. Although never is often better than right now.[b] If the impleme
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