(Grenier (2017), p. 2)↩

View, print and annotate PDFs.

Wong and Gerras did a frightening study of the need for Army officers to lie routinely

The transformation between two coordinate systems is represented by a 3-by-3transformation matrix written as Because a transformation matrix has only six elements that can be changed, it isusually specified in PDF as the six-element array [abcdef].

Translations are specified as[1001txty], where txand tyare the distances totranslate the origin of the coordinate system in the horizontal and verticaldimensions, respectively. •Scaling is obtained by [sx00sy00]. This scales the coordinates so that 1unit in the horizontal and vertical dimensions of the new coordinate system isthe same size as sx and sy units, respectively, in the previous coordinate system. •Rotations are produced by [cosθsinθ−sinθcosθ00], which has the effectof rotating the coordinate system axes by an angle θ counterclockwise. •Skew is specified by [1tanαtanβ100], which skews the xaxis by an angleα and the y axis by an angle β.

PDF Reader in JavaScript

If the ID can’t be extracted (because the PDF doesn’t contain a trailer, the trailer doesn’t contain a valid ID array, etc) then use an MD5 digest of the first 1024 bytes of the file instead

The ID entry is an array of two byte strings. The first byte string in the array is a “permanent identifier” that’s “based on the contents of the file at the time it was originally created” and “shall not change when the file is incrementally updated”. This is the identifier that we’re interested in. The second byte string is a secondary identifier that should also be based on the contents of the file, and should initially have the same value as the first identifier, but that should be re-computed based on the new file contents each time the file is updated. It enables you to identify a different version of the same file. Hypothesis doesn’t use this second identifier.

Shrinkpdf: shrink PDF files with Ghostscript

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if cross-format identifiers like DOIs are used, annotations made in one format (eg, EPUB) can be seen in the same document published in other formats (eg, HTML, PDF) and in other locations.

The Teaching Excellence Framework (TEF) has evolved since it was first announced, and HEFCE guidance to institutions on its implementation reveals a number of significant concessions to evidence, common sense and fairness. Institutions may well implement useful teaching improvement mechanisms in response, as they have always done regardless of the nature of external quality assurance demands. However the rationale of the TEF remains – and it is deeply flawed. It is the rationale that this paper focuses on. It is argued here that its interpretation of evidence about educational quality, employability and value for money ratings, used to justify a TEF, are irrational and are not supported by evidence. Making fine judgments about institutional rankings (and hence fee levels) on the basis of metrics is likely to be thwarted by the very small differences in scores between institutions. Some of its proposed metrics are invalid. Its belief in the ability of a small panel of experts to make sound quality judgments is not well founded given the poor record of past attempts to make such judgments about teaching quality in higher education. The higher education market is very complex and perhaps only a minority of institutions will be able to benefit in the way the TEF intends. The TEF seems unlikely to be perceived, by most, as rewarding.

Hypothesis now uses DOIs to join variants of the same document in the same way it uses PDF fingerprints. Both pieces of metadata — the DOI, and the PDF URL — are typically included in HTML metadata.

What can you do with a PDF? You can read it! It’s pretty just like the print versions. You can send it to someone else.

It may be time to view the PDF and all the other pedestrian and popular imprints of the typographic mind with a smidge more respect.

We make PDF easy.

Micrographia

PDFs have be­come bur­den­some

Race of felons killed

human achieveme

Basin Green Brook

RECORD CHANGE REQUEST

Forexample, in a 2–MW wind turbine, the weight of the rotorand the tower is typically about 250 tons [10]. As reportedbelow, a kite generator of the same rated power can beobtained using a 500–m2kite and cables 1000–m long, witha total weight of about 2 tons only.

—both in the future as a better world and as one in which the United States bestrides the globe as a colossus. 2

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Research and Innovation Actions

An array of FDF annotation dictionaries (see “FDF Annotation Dictionaries” on page 681). The array can include annotations of any of the standard types listed in Table 8.16 on page 580 except Link , Movie , Widget , PrinterMark , Screen , and TrapNet .

Adobe Acrobat Standard has the same functionality as Adobe Elements, but it can also organize comments from multiple reviewers with sorting and fil- tering tools; combine applicat ion files into a single Adobe PDF document; digitally sign and certify documents; and manage specialized content from Microsoft Outlook, MS Internet Explorer, Access, and Publisher.

In this book, I assume you and the end users of the PDF files you’re produc- ing have Adobe Reader—a free PDF viewer that works with a plethora of operat- ing systems—installed. You can use it as a standalone product or as a plug-in for your browser. It allows you to view, print, and search PDF files. It doesn’t let you create or change PDF files. People often confuse Adobe Reader with Acrobat— for example, thinking that the free read er is capable of saving data entered into any PDF form. (That’s only possible with reader-enabled PDF s.)