Die Dürren der letzten 20 Jahre waren schlimmer als in den 2100 Jahren davor. Bericht über eine klimahistorische Studie, die von den Isotopen in den Jahresringen von Eichen ausgeht.

Studie: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-021-00698-0

• for: expanded sense of community, beyond the human morall community, animal communication, earth species protect

Dichter und sehr gut dokumentierter Überblicksratikel über die Expansionspläne der Öl- und Gasindustrie. Aus unerschlossenen Feldern sollen 230 Milliarden Barrel Öläquivalent gefördert werden - im klaren Widerspruch zum Pariser Abkommen. Durch Ausbeutung neuer Lager werden bis 2025 voraussichtlich 70 Gt CO₂ und damit 17% des Budgets für das 1,5° Ziel ausgestoßen. Eingegangen wird auch auf den Ausstiegsplan des Tyndall Centre. https://taz.de/Run-auf-fossile-Brennstoffe/!5973686/

Der Artikel im Guardian stellt eine neue Studie dar, aus der hervorgeht, wie viel von der bereits existierenden Infrastruktur zur Förderung fossiler Brennstoff stillgelegt werden muss, um das 1,5° Ziel zu erreichen. Dabei geht die Autoren davon aus, dass man CO2 nicht realistisch wieder aus der Atmosphäre entfernen kann, und dass das 1,5° Ziel also nur zu erreichen ist, wenn nicht zu viel emittiert wird. Diese Studie fordert das Gegenteil der Planungen der fossilen Industrien, über der über die der Guardian gerade berichtet hatte. Der Artikel ist auch bemerkenswert, weil er auf eine Reihe weiterer wichtiger Studien zu fossilen Lagerstätten verweist.

Durch die Überschreitung von 6 der 9 planetaren Grenzen wurde der „safe operating space for humanity“ verlassen. Die neue Studie analysiert auf Basis von 2000 Studien erstmals die Situation bei allen planetaren Grenzen. Als besonders bedrohlich schätzen die Forschenden ein, dass 4 direkt auf das Leben bezogene Grenzen überschritten wurden. Die dadurch mangelnde Resilienz könnte es auch unabhängig von Emissions-Senkungen unmöglich machen, das 1,5°-Ziel zu erreichen. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/sep/13/earth-well-outside-safe-operating-space-for-humanity-scientists-find

6 von 9 planetaren Grenzen wurden bereits überschritten, wie eine neue gemeinsame Studie von Erdsystemwissenschaftler:innen zeigt. Es handelt sich um die Grenzen bei globaler Erwärmung, Biosdiversität, Entwaldung, Schadstoffe, Stickstoffkreislauf und Süßwasser. Die Studie stammt vor allem von Autori:innen, die das Konzept der planetaren Grenzen entwickelt hatten. https://taz.de/Studie-zur-Belastung-des-Planeten/!5960174/

Studie: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adh2458

The $11.8 billion mistake that led to Bed, Bath & Beyond’s demise by Chris Isidore

Share repurchases of $11.8 billion since 2004 may have led to the downfall and ultimate bankruptcy of Bed, Bath, & Beyond.

Education and Training Vouchers (ETV) Up to $5,000 per year (based on cost of attendance and availability) Boundless Opportunities Scholarship $500 to $5,000 per year National Foster Parent Association Scholarship Independent status on the FAFSA - If a young person was in foster care on or after the age of 13, they qualify for this status which means that their parents income is not taken into consideration when calculating financial aid: College Opportunity Fund - Created by the Colorado Legislature, provides a stipend to eligible undergraduate students. Eligible undergraduate students must apply, be admitted and enroll at a participating Colorado institution. Both new and continuing students are eligible for the stipend. https://cof.college-assist.org/ **My Colorado Journey website - A great online resource for students: https://www.mycoloradojourney.com/journey

College is paid for by a minimum of "FosterEd" SB-22008

d) "QUALIFYING STUDENT" MEANS A RESIDENT OF COLORADO WHO HAS BEEN ACCEPTED FOR ENROLLMENT AT AN INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION WHO: (I) HAS BEEN PLACED IN FOSTER CARE, AS DEFINED IN SECTION 19-1-103, IN COLORADO AT ANY TIME ON OR AFTER THE STUDENT'S THIRTEENTH BIRTHDAY; https://hyp.is/kOoDes3CEe2Iby_asyPAJQ/leg.colorado.gov/sites/default/files/2022a_008_signed.pdf

College is paid for by a minimum of "FosterEd" SB-22008

d) "QUALIFYING STUDENT" MEANS A RESIDENT OF COLORADO WHO HAS BEEN ACCEPTED FOR ENROLLMENT AT AN INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION WHO: (I) HAS BEEN PLACED IN FOSTER CARE, AS DEFINED IN SECTION 19-1-103, IN COLORADO AT ANY TIME ON OR AFTER THE STUDENT'S THIRTEENTH BIRTHDAY; https://hyp.is/kOoDes3CEe2Iby_asyPAJQ/leg.colorado.gov/sites/default/files/2022a_008_signed.pdf

Per 19-1-103 3/28/2023

(66) “Foster care” means the placement of a child or youth into the legal custody or legal authority of a county department of human or social services for physical placement of the child or youth in a kinship care placement; supervised independent living placement, as defined in section 19-7-302; or certified or licensed facility, or the physical placement of a juvenile committed to the custody of the state department of human services into a community placement.

https://hyp.is/laE6Hs3CEe2h4UOMUVHSiQ/advance.lexis.com/documentpage/?pdmfid=1000516&crid=244c30d1-4395-4c7e-af62-bd6eee86abb6&nodeid=AATAACAABAAD&nodepath=/ROOT/AAT/AATAAC/AATAACAAB/AATAACAABAAD&level=4&haschildren=&populated=false&title=19-1-103.+Definitions.&config=014FJAAyNGJkY2Y4Zi1mNjgyLTRkN2YtYmE4OS03NTYzNzYzOTg0OGEKAFBvZENhdGFsb2d592qv2Kywlf8caKqYROP5&pddocfullpath=/shared/document/statutes-legislation/urn:contentItem:65RX-F6F3-CGX8-030R-00008-00&ecomp=8gf59kk&prid=87fc2b3c-1d15-45c4-b981-ccfa0617d916

Per 19-1-103 3/28/2023

(66) “Foster care” means the placement of a child or youth into the legal custody or legal authority of a county department of human or social services for physical placement of the child or youth in a kinship care placement; supervised independent living placement, as defined in section 19-7-302; or certified or licensed facility, or the physical placement of a juvenile committed to the custody of the state department of human services into a community placement.

https://hyp.is/laE6Hs3CEe2h4UOMUVHSiQ/advance.lexis.com/documentpage/?pdmfid=1000516&crid=244c30d1-4395-4c7e-af62-bd6eee86abb6&nodeid=AATAACAABAAD&nodepath=/ROOT/AAT/AATAAC/AATAACAAB/AATAACAABAAD&level=4&haschildren=&populated=false&title=19-1-103.+Definitions.&config=014FJAAyNGJkY2Y4Zi1mNjgyLTRkN2YtYmE4OS03NTYzNzYzOTg0OGEKAFBvZENhdGFsb2d592qv2Kywlf8caKqYROP5&pddocfullpath=/shared/document/statutes-legislation/urn:contentItem:65RX-F6F3-CGX8-030R-00008-00&ecomp=8gf59kk&prid=87fc2b3c-1d15-45c4-b981-ccfa0617d916

She is eligible for free college from "SB 22-008 which created a program to provide higher education tuition assistance to foster students. FosterEd provides free tuition to current and former foster students at all of Colorado’s public colleges and universities," b/c she was "placed in foster care" as defined in CRS 19-1-103

[SB 22-008]: d) "QUALIFYING STUDENT" MEANS A RESIDENT OF COLORADO WHOHAS BEEN ACCEPTED FOR ENROLLMENT AT AN INSTITUTION OF HIGHEREDUCATION WHO:(I) HAS BEEN PLACED IN FOSTER CARE, AS DEFINED IN SECTION19-1-103, IN COLORADO AT ANY TIME ON OR AFTER THE STUDENT'STHIRTEENTH BIRTHDAY; OR

CRS 19-1-103 Definition "foster youth": (66) “Foster care” means the placement of a child or youth into the legal custody or legal authority of a county department of human or social services for physical placement of the child or youth in a kinship care placement; supervised independent living placement, as defined in section 19-7-302; or certified or licensed facility, or the physical placement of a juvenile committed to the custody of the state department of human services into a community placement.

She is eligible for free college from "SB 22-008 which created a program to provide higher education tuition assistance to foster students. FosterEd provides free tuition to current and former foster students at all of Colorado’s public colleges and universities," b/c she was "placed in foster care" as defined in CRS 19-1-103

[SB 22-008]: d) "QUALIFYING STUDENT" MEANS A RESIDENT OF COLORADO WHOHAS BEEN ACCEPTED FOR ENROLLMENT AT AN INSTITUTION OF HIGHEREDUCATION WHO:(I) HAS BEEN PLACED IN FOSTER CARE, AS DEFINED IN SECTION19-1-103, IN COLORADO AT ANY TIME ON OR AFTER THE STUDENT'STHIRTEENTH BIRTHDAY; OR

CRS 19-1-103 Definition "foster youth": (66) “Foster care” means the placement of a child or youth into the legal custody or legal authority of a county department of human or social services for physical placement of the child or youth in a kinship care placement; supervised independent living placement, as defined in section 19-7-302; or certified or licensed facility, or the physical placement of a juvenile committed to the custody of the state department of human services into a community placement.

Colorado Chafee program: Chafee Foster Care Program for Successful Transition to Adulthood - Activities and programs allowable under the Chafee program include help with education, employment financial management, housing, emotional support, and assured connections to caring adults for older youth in foster care

Colorado Chafee program: Chafee Foster Care Program for Successful Transition to Adulthood - Activities and programs allowable under the Chafee program include help with education, employment financial management, housing, emotional support, and assured connections to caring adults for older youth in foster care

An important question to take notice of.

// - The power of transformation also lay in new organizational forms at the intersection of citizens as both resource users and voters. - It lay in understanding that the existing dichotomies are also created by us and we can create new forms if motivated - If there are enough of us, we can create new truly consensus forms of resource usage, such as Cosmolocal production - https://jonudell.info/h/facet/?max=100&expanded=true&user=stopresetgo&exactTagSearch=true&any=cosmolocal

Could it be the sift from person to person (known in both directions) to massive broadcast that is driving issues with content moderation. When it's person to person, one can simply choose not to interact and put the person beyond their individual pale. This sort of shunning is much harder to do with larger mass publics at scale in broadcast mode.

How can bringing content moderation back down to the neighborhood scale help in the broadcast model?

worked for me

The addressing system that many digital note taking systems offer is reminiscent of Luhmann's paper system where it served a particular use. Many might ask themselves if they really need this functionality in digital contexts where text search and other affordances can be more directly useful.

Frequently missed by many, perhaps because they're befuddled by the complex branching numbering system which gets more publicity, Luhmann's paper-based system had a highly useful and simple subject heading index (see: https://niklas-luhmann-archiv.de/bestand/zettelkasten/zettel/ZK_2_SW1_001_V, for example) which can be replicated using either #tags or [[wikilinks]] within tools like Obsidian. Of course having an index doesn't preclude the incredible usefulness of directly linking one idea to potentially multiple others in some branching tree-like or network structure.

Note that one highly valuable feature of Luhmann's paper version was that the totality of cards were linked to a minimum of at least one other card by the default that they were placed into the file itself. Those putting notes into Obsidian often place them into their system as singlet, un-linked notes as a default, and this can lead to problems down the road. However this can be mitigated by utilizing topical or subject headings on individual cards which allows for searching on a heading and then cross-linking individual ideas as appropriate.

As an example, because two cards may be tagged with "archaeology" doesn't necessarily mean they're closely related as ideas. This tends to decrease in likelihood if one is an archaeologist and a large proportion of cards might contain that tag, but will simultaneously create more value over time as generic tags increase in number but the specific ideas cross link in small numbers. Similarly as one delves more deeply into archaeology, one will also come up with more granular and useful sub-tags (like Zooarcheology, Paleobotany, Archeopedology, Forensic Archeology, Archeoastronomy, Geoarcheology, etc.) as their knowledge in sub areas increases.

Concretely, one might expect that the subject heading "sociology" would be nearly useless to Luhmann as that was the overarching topic of both of his zettelkästen (I & II), whereas "Autonomie" was much more specific and useful for cross linking a smaller handful of potentially related ideas in the future.

Looking beyond Luhmann can be highly helpful in designing and using one's own system. I'd recommend taking a look at John Locke's work on indexing (1685) (https://publicdomainreview.org/collection/john-lockes-method-for-common-place-books-1685 is an interesting source, though you're obviously applying it to (digital) cards and not a notebook) or Ross Ashby's hybrid notebook/index card system which is also available online (http://www.rossashby.info/journal/index.html) as an example.

Another helpful tip some are sure to appreciate in systems that have an auto-complete function is simply starting to write a wikilink with various related subject heading words that may appear within your system. You'll then be presented with potential options of things to link to serendipitously that you may not have otherwise considered. Within a digital zettelkasten, the popularly used DYAC (Damn You Auto Complete) may turn into Bless You Auto Complete.

In other words, as per Stop Reset Go, we need to define a global, open WEALTH-2-WELLTH movement. Wealth is merely a subset of Wellth. We need wellth indicators, wealth indicators alone are insufficient to indicate holistic wellbeing.

Colonial exploitation between 1500 and 1800 allowed European countries to dramatically expand beyond their own dwindling natural resources and territorial limits. Had they been trapped in a closed system, the world would have seen a very different arc of history.

Why are these parsed apologies being rejected and by whom? Are they being rejected by the wronged parties or by the broader society-at-large who regularly don't have or care about the full context of the situations? How much of these are propagated by social media and the ability of search engines to continually uncover them?

How might these situations have given rise to the idea of honor suicides in cultures like Japan with rituals like seppuku? How are these sorts of cultural practices passed into common practice? How can they be reversed?

Even in cases where one apologizes for offences which don't break existing rules and the apology is accepted by the transgressed, the social ostracism doesn't end. This is a part of the indeterminate length of the social sentences that transgressors suffer.

What exactly are these unwritten rules? In some cases they may be examples of institutional power wielding influence in cases where people aren't giving the full benefit of humanity and consideration to others. Some may call some of these instances microaggressions or social constructs similar to them.

Putting people beyond the pale creates isolation, public shaming, loss of income, loss of profession, and sometimes loss of personal identity and psychological worth. The most insidious problem of all is the indeterminate length of the "sentence".

For wealthy people like Harvey Weinstein, Matt Lauer, and Kevin Spacey, they're heavily insulated by the fact that at least they've got amassed wealth which mitigates some of these issues. In these cases the decades of extracting wealth through privilege gives them an unfair advantage.

There are now apparently enough cases of this happening, it would be interesting to watch the long term psychological effects of this group to see if these situations statistically effects their longevity or if there are multi-generational knock on effects as have been seen in Holocaust survivors or those freed from slavery.

Putting people beyond the pale creates a social contagion of sorts. It would be interesting to look at these cases from the perspective of public health and view these as disease. What information falls out of doing this? How does this model change?

From Applebaum's perspective that these cases may help sow the seeds of authoritarianism, could they be viewed as something like an initial case of untreated syphilis and authoritarianism becomes a version of festered stage three syphilis.

What other things may stem from these effects as second and third order problems from a complexity theory perspective?

There is a growing number of cases in which people are having their lives being completely upended because they are being deprived of due process.

In some cases, it may actually be beneficial as people may have been abusing their positions of privilege and the traditional system wouldn't have prosecuted or penalized them at all. In these cases the dismantling of institutional power is good. However, how many of them aren't related to this? How many are being decimated without serving this function?

This sounds a lot like the article How One Stupid Tweet Blew Up Justine Sacco’s Life though in that case it was a single instance and these examples here may go beyond social media.

Though I'm curious if all of them will entail social media as a (major?) factor in how they played out.

Cancel culture and modern mob justice are possible as the result of volumes of more detail and data as well as large doses of context collapse.

In some cases, it's probably justified to help level the playing field for those in power who are practicing hypocrisy, but in others, it's simply a lack of context by broader society who have kneejerk reactions which have the ability to be "remembered" by broader society with search engines.

How might Google allow the right to forget to serve as a means of restorative justice?

Given the prevalence of people towards making mistakes and practicing extreme hypocrisy, we really ought to move toward restorative justice. Especially in the smaller non-capital cases.

Context: Sonia was watching Leah Remini: Scientology and the Aftermath: Season 3: "Episode 1" and had previously been watching a documentary One of Us about people who had left oppressive seeming Hassidic Jewish communities.

I can't help but that that every culture could be considered a "cult" in which some percentage of people are trapped with comparison to all other cultures on Earth. Based on one's upbringing and personal compass, perhaps living and submitting to one's culture can become oppressive and may seem particularly unfair given power structures and the insidiousness of hypocrisy.

Given this, could there logically be a utopian society in which everyone lives freely?

Even within the United States there are smaller sub-cultures withiin which people feel trapped and which have the features of cults, but which are so large as to not be considered such. Even the space in which I freely live might be considered a cult by others who don't agree with it. It's only the vast size of the power of the group which prevents the majority who comfortably live within it from viewing it as a bad thing.

A Democrat may view the Republican Party as a cult and vice versa, something which becomes more apparent when one polarizes these communities toward the edges rather than allowing them to drift into each other in a consensus.

An African American may think they're stuck in a broader American cult which marginalizes them.

A Hassidic Jew may feel they're stuck in a cult (of religious restrictions) with respect to the perceived freedoms of broader American Culture. Some may feel more comfortable within these strictures than others.

A gender non-comforming person living in the deep South of the United States surrounded by the Southern Baptist Convention may feel they're stuck in a cult based on social norms of one culture versus what they experience personally.

What are the roots of something being a cult? Could it be hypocrisy? A person or a broader group feeling as if they know "best" and creating a rule structure by which others are forced to follow, but from which they themselves are exempt? This also seems to be the way in which authoritarian rules arise when privileging one group above another based solely on (perceived) power.

Another potential thing at play here may be the lack of diversity within a community. The level of cult within a society may be related to the shape of the bell curve of that society with respect to how large the center is with respect to the tails. Those who are most likely to feel they're within a "cult" (using the broader definition) are those three or more standard deviations from the center. In non-diverse communities only those within a standard deviation of the norm are likely to feel comfortable and accepted and those two deviations away will feel very uncomfortable while those who are farther away will be shunned and pushed beyond the pale.

How can we help create more diverse and broadly accepting communities? We're all just people, aren't we? How can we design communities and governments to be accepting of even the most marginalized? In a heavily connected world, even the oddball teenager in a small community can now manage to find their own sub-community using the internet. (Even child pornographers manage to find their community online.)

The opposite of this is at what point do we circumscribe the norms of the community? Take the idea of "Your freedom to strike me ends at my nose." Perhaps we only shun those extreme instances like murder and pornography, and other actions which take extreme advantage of others' freedoms? [This needs to be heavily expanded and contemplated...] What about the over-financialization of the economy which takes advantage of the unprivileged who don't know that system and are uncapable of the mathematics and computation to succeed. Similarly hucksters and snake oil salesmen who take advantage of their targets' weaknesses and lack of knowledge and sophistication. Or the unregulated vitamin industry taking rents from millions for their superstitions? How do we regulate these to allow "cultural freedom" or "religious freedom" without them taking mass-scale advantage of their targets? (Or are some of these acculturated examples simply inequalities institutionally built into societies and cultures as a means of extracting power and rents from the larger system by those in power?)

Compare with Hester Prynne and Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter.

https://youtu.be/qYsMtroVLeA?t=287

The big thing that I want to talk about here is out groups. This is a phenomenon that we that we see, which is that it's very very easy for people to decide that someone else is not like them they're different and they should be shunned and talked about.

This is the minimal group paradigm. Thanks to Rashmi for giving that term. [It] says the smallest possible difference will be magnified into in group and an outgroup. Kevin Marks, Web 2.0 Expo NY 09: "...New Words You Need to Know to Understand the Web"

Perhaps we can decrease the levels of fear and racism in our society by tummelling? By bringing in outsiders, treating them with dignity and respect within your own group of friends, you can help to normalize their presence by decreasing the irrational fears that others have built up and carry with them about these supposed outsiders.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qYsMtroVLeA

Buzzwords for understanding the new internet

Importance of words (neologisms) for helping us to communicate.

retweets as a means of bringing new faces into your stream to expand your in-group.

<small><cite class='h-cite via'>ᔥ <span class='p-author h-card'>Kevin Marks </span> in Epeus' epigone: Publics, Flow, Phatic, Tummeling and Out-groups - New Words You Need to Know to Understand the Web (<time class='dt-published'>09/06/2021 15:15:38</time>)</cite></small>

Tangentially related idea which this sparked:

Within my beyond the pale thesis, banishing people in smaller social groups is easier, but doesn't necessarily scale well.

In larger towns, cities, and even states, it may work in some of the smallest and most egregious cases like major crime or murder when carried out by the state, but what about the smaller social infractions?

Cancel culture is attempting to apply this larger social pressure to bigger public figures in ways that it traditionally has been more difficult to do. It's even more difficult in a highly networked world where globalism has taken hold.

How do we cater to the centric masses while potentially allowing some flexibility to the cultures considered at the edges? Ethics aren't universal, so there will be friction at a huge number of overlaps.

Examples:

• Paula Dean (racism), loses shows, deals, etc. but still has reach in certain sections of the country and online

This is another solid example of the hypocrisy of large portions of the Republican party. Do as we say, not as we do. How far can these laws drift from our overarching principles before there is a schism?

How does this fit into the [[beyond the pale]] idea going from small communities to a much larger internet-connected society?

I suggest that the real power of annotation is not necessarily with academia. We need to go beyond academics and find ways to engage with others outside. For example, I have tried to engage Matt Taibbi on his substack article: https://hyp.is/go?url=https%3A%2F%2Ftaibbi.substack.com%2Fp%2Fcongratulations-elitists-liberals&group=__world__

And this is the problematic part of the internet as a town square: we have no defined governance or pale beyond which to cast people who go far beyond societal norms.

NLPの処理はいろんな領域で運用できる：レコメンデーション、パーソナルアシスタント

This seems like a useful reference within my research for determining things online that are "beyond the pale". Also includes some additional prior art and references itself.

The idea of public judgement or "political correctness" here is exactly the definition of a modern digital pale, around which technology is being used to extend people's thoughts.

In this article we learn about the transition for the disabled student to life beyond high school. Initially, students with disabilities in school are assigned and Individualized Education Program (IEP) to evaluate skills and determine services needed for the success, progression, and learning of the student. Once students are 16 and older or leave school how do they deal with work, home, or even continuing education? The article provides details on implementing simulations in the "acquisition of functional skills, and how "when paired" with technology or digital simulations the student can practice more and maintain skills better. The article offers a great charts for trying technology based software, multimedia, training activities, with students with disabilities and outcomes. 10/10

Further, a group of Labour MPs tabled amendments to the Brexit deal that included a Citizens' Assembly on Brexit, and a host of other campaigning and civil society organisations have started looking at this as a potential solution. Devolved administrations such as the Scottish government are also increasingly interested in this model of deliberative democracy

The difference between Labour and the Lib Dems/Brexit Party is that Labour is the only party that can realistically aim for government at the next GE. Given the current state of British politics, this means bridging the Brexit divide.

If People's Vote was intended to change people's minds on Brexit, then there is no doubt that they failed disastrously by repeating the same mistakes on the 2016 Remain campaign. Labour can only succeed if it commits to taking a different, more democratic approach to Brexit

Labour's split in the 2016 referendum between Leave and Remain mirrors the UK's own split: most constituencies where Remain support was the highest voted Labour in the 2015 general elections, and yet, seven out of ten Labour MPs represent constituencies that voted Leave.