In these two languages, the "Function is a first-class citizen, which allows for aggregation of behaviors outside of the class.
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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A class should only have a single responsibility, that is, only changes to one part of the software's specification should be able to affect the specification of the class.
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One should "depend upon abstractions, [not] concretions."
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"Objects in a program should be replaceable with instances of their subtypes without altering the correctness of that program." See also design by contract.
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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This allows the shooter to relax and concentrate on the intended target at which they are shooting.
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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Compound interest, in finance, unpaid interest that is added to the principal
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According to the endurantist view, material objects are persisting three-dimensional individuals wholly present at every moment of their existence
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The perdurantist view is that an individual has distinct temporal parts throughout its existence.
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antipode
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However, it does seem that objects can change over time. If one were to look at a tree one day, and the tree later lost a leaf, it would seem that one could still be looking at that same tree.
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Ontology is the philosophical study of the nature of being, becoming, existence or reality, as well as the basic categories of being and their relations
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Alfred Korzybski remarked that "the map is not the territory" and that "the word is not the thing", encapsulating his view that an abstraction derived from something, or a reaction to it, is not the thing itself.
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The map–territory relation describes the relationship between an object and a representation of that object, as in the relation between a geographical territory and a map of it.
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"The menu is not the meal."
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Esoteric concepts are concepts which cannot be fully conveyed except by direct experience
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emphasized the disutility of 1:1 maps and other overly detailed models: "A model which took account of all the variation of reality would be of no more use than a map at the scale of one to one."
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a drawing of a pipe with the caption, Ceci n'est pas une pipe ("This is not a pipe")
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A map is not the territory it represents, but, if correct, it has a similar structure to the territory, which accounts for its usefulness.
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- irony
- abstractions: not the same as the thing itself
- relationship between
- structure
- funny
- abstraction: the gap between an abstraction and the thing it abstracts
- quotable
- maps (cartography)
- relationship
- disutility
- too detailed
- useful
- contradiction
- useless
- metaphysics
- abstractions
- similarities/commonalities
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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Mustache is described as a "logic-less" system because it lacks any explicit control flow statements, like if and else conditionals or for loops
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Here, when x is a Boolean value then the section tag acts like an if conditional, but when x is an array then it acts like a foreach loop.
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It is named "Mustache" because of heavy use of braces, { }, that resemble a sideways moustache.
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Parzival by Wolfram von Eschenbach, a 13th-century epic poem of the Arthurian knight Parzival (Percival) and his quest for the Holy Grail (12th century).
Parsifal annotation 2
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encapsulation refers to one of two related but distinct notions, and sometimes to the combination thereof:[3][4] A language mechanism for restricting direct access to some of the object's components.[5][6] A language construct that facilitates the bundling of data with the methods (or other functions) operating on that data.[1][7]
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object orientation
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some programming languages that provide lexical closures view encapsulation as a feature of the language orthogonal to object orientation.
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Examples
Nog een voorbeeld: http://tynerblain.com/blog/2007/04/09/sample-use-case-example
Hier ook nog wat do's & don'ts:
http://tynerblain.com/blog/2007/01/22/how-to-write-good-use-case-names/
http://tynerblain.com/blog/2005/12/23/top-five-use-case-blunders/
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As there are no fully standard definitions of use cases, each project must form its own interpretation.
Wederom: use cases hebben een basisstructuur, maar kennen geen standaard
In een agile-context: http://tynerblain.com/blog/2007/04/02/agile-development-of-use-cases/
Hierin zijn use cases 'a way' niet 'the way'
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3 Templates
Belangrijk! Er is dus geen "standaard"
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Brief: (equivalent to a user story or an epic) The member edits any part (the entire article or just a section) of an article they are reading. Preview and changes comparison are allowed during the editing.
De link naar user stories
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There are many ways to write a use case in text, from use case brief, casual, outline, to fully dressed etc., and with varied templates.
Zie bijvoorbeeld: https://templatelab.com/use-case-templates
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1,000 species
The 1000 species figure is for the gut.
The number suggests that our skin is as variegated as our guts, which house anywhere from 500 to 1000 bacterial species. https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2009/05/your-body-wonderland-bacteria
From the supplmentary information Figure S3 then the species richness varies from about 15 to about 44 species over 20 different sites on the skin.
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DOAJ
Directory of Open Access Journals
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It is produced by Clarivate Analytics
Clarivate Analytics owns Web of Science, a citation index. Mendeley, another popular proprietary reference management software, is produced by Elsevier, which owns Scopus, another citation index.
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Critics, including Sarah Posner and Joe Conason, maintain that prosperity teachers cultivate authoritarian organizations. They argue that leaders attempt to control the lives of adherents by claiming divinely-bestowed authority.[63] Jenkins contends that prosperity theology is used as a tool to justify the high salaries of pastors.
This would seem to play out in current American culture which seems to be welcoming of an authoritarian president.
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In a study of the Swedish Word of Life Church, he noted that members felt part of a complex gift-exchange system, giving to God and then awaiting a gift in return (either from God directly or through another church member).[66]
This philosophy has been around long enough that there ought to be evidence that it works for more than just the leaders of the churches. If anything, it feels like the middle classes that are practicing it are practicing it right towards poverty over the past 20 years.
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Concerning the discipline of sociology, he described the dichotomy of sedentary life versus nomadic life as well as the inevitable loss of power that occurs when warriors conquer a city. According to the Arab scholar Sati' al-Husri, the Muqaddimah may be read as a sociological work. The work is based around Ibn Khaldun's central concept of 'aṣabiyyah, which has been translated as "social cohesion", "group solidarity", or "tribalism". This social cohesion arises spontaneously in tribes and other small kinship groups; it can be intensified and enlarged by a religious ideology. Ibn Khaldun's analysis looks at how this cohesion carries groups to power but contains within itself the seeds – psychological, sociological, economic, political – of the group's downfall, to be replaced by a new group, dynasty or empire bound by a stronger (or at least younger and more vigorous) cohesion. Some of Ibn Khaldun's views, particularly those concerning the Zanj people of sub-Saharan Africa,[27] have been cited as a racist,[28] though they were not uncommon for their time. According to the scholar Abdelmajid Hannoum, Ibn Khaldun's description of the distinctions between Berbers and Arabs were misinterpreted by the translator William McGuckin de Slane, who wrongly inserted a "racial ideology that sets Arabs and Berbers apart and in opposition" into his translation of the Muqaddimah.
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Based on all available forms, the hypothetical proto-Celtic word may be reconstructed as *dru-wid-s (pl. *druwides) meaning "oak-knower".
With the early history of druids going into the 4th century BCE (and keeping in mind that Stonehenge's dates go to about 1600 BCE), is it possible that the druids used trees as the basis for their mnemonics in lieu of standing stones? Thus the name oak-knower is more specific to what they were doing than we give them credit for? To an outsider unaware of their ways, their ritual memory systems would have made it seem like they worshiped the trees in ways other cultures would not have?
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In any case Quintilian makes it clear that non-alphabetic signs can be employed as memory images, and even goes on to mention how 'shorthand' signs (notae) can be used to signify things that would otherwise be impossible to capture in the form of a definite image (he gives "conjunctions" as an example).[36]
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The Art of Signs (Latin Ars Notoria) is also very likely a development of the graphical mnemonic. Yates mentions Apollonius of Tyana and his reputation for memory, as well as the association between trained memory, astrology and divination.[37] She goes on to suggest It may have been out of this atmosphere that there was formed a tradition which, going underground for centuries and suffering transformations in the process, appeared in the Middle Ages as the Ars Notoria, a magical art of memory attributed to Apollonius or sometimes to Solomon. The practitioner of the Ars Notoria gazed at figures or diagrams curiously marked and called 'notae' whilst reciting magical prayers. He hoped to gain in this way knowledge, or memory, of all the arts and sciences, a different 'nota' being provided for each discipline. The Ars Notoria is perhaps a descendant of the classical art of memory, or of that difficult branch of it which used the shorthand notae. It was regarded as a particularly black kind of magic and was severely condemned by Thomas Aquinas.[38]
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Child considered that folk ballads came from a more democratic time in the past when society was not so rigidly segregated into classes, and the "true voice" of the people could therefore be heard. He conceived "the people" as comprising all the classes of society, rich, middle, and poor, and not only those engaged in manual labor as Marxists sometimes use the word.
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Elizabeth Freeman (Mum Bett), the first enslaved African American to sue for her freedom in the courts based on the law of the 1780 constitution of the state of Massachusetts, which held that "all men are born free and equal." The Jury agreed and in 1781 she won her freedom. Her lawyer had been Theodore Sedgwick.
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Celtic Tree Alphabet
Just this name gives me ideas
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The Isle of Man has five inscriptions. One of these is the famous inscription at Port St. Mary (503) which reads DOVAIDONA MAQI DROATA ᚛ᚇᚑᚃᚐᚔᚇᚑᚅᚐ ᚋᚐᚊᚔ ᚇᚏᚑᚐᚈᚐ᚜ or 'Dovaidona son of the Druid'.
An indication of links of these stones and inscriptions to Druid culture.
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Of other significance, this passage is recognized as the first example of cosmological mapping in the history of Greece.[4]
I should read this reference below) with respect to Lynne Kelly's indigenous people's thesis of memory palaces. Perhaps it ties together the original story with broader history and the Greek's place within it and provides additional support for her thesis.
Germaine Aujac. (1987). The Foundations of Theoretical Cartography in Archaic and Classical Greece. The History of Cartography, volume 1 (pp. 130-147) University of Chicago Press.
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It was later determined that humans impose meaning even on nonsense syllables to make them more meaningful. The nonsense syllable PED (which is the first three letters of the word "pedal") turns out to be less nonsensical than a syllable such as KOJ; the syllables are said to differ in association value.[5] It appears that Ebbinghaus recognized this, and only referred to the strings of syllables as "nonsense" in that the syllables might be less likely to have a specific meaning and he should make no attempt to make associations with them for easier retrieval.
This seems roughly similar to Major Beniowski's phrenotypic associative memory. Some of these nonesense syllables could more easily be associated than others. Perhaps going through them one could do phrenotypic distances?
Would Ebbinghaus have known of Beniowski's work? Evidence?
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Ebbinghaus had also documented the serial position effect, which describes how the position of an item affects recall. The two main concepts in the serial position effect are recency and primacy. The recency effect describes the increased recall of the most recent information because it is still in the short-term memory. The primacy effect causes better memory of the first items in a list due to increased rehearsal and commitment to long-term memory.
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Anomie (/ˈænəˌmi/) is a "condition in which society provides little moral guidance to individuals".[1] It is the breakdown of social bonds between an individual and the community, e.g., under unruly scenarios resulting in fragmentation of social identity and rejection of self-regulatory values.
I can't help but see this definition and think it needs to be applied to economics immediately. In particular I can think of a few quick examples of economic anomie which are artificially covering up a free market and causing issues within individual communities.
College Textbooks: Here publishers are marketing to professors who assign particular textbooks and subverting students which are the actual market and consumers of those textbooks. This causes an inflated market and has allowed textbook prices to spiral out of control.
The American Health Care Market In this example, the health care providers (doctors, hospitals, etc.) have been segmented away from their consumers (patients) by intermediary insurance companies which are driving the market to their own good rather than a free-er set of smaller (and importantly local) markets that would be composed of just the sellers and the buyers. As a result, the consumer of health care has no ability to put a particular price on what they're receiving (and typically they rarely ever ask, even more so when they have insurance). This type of economic anomie is causing terrific havoc within the area.
(Aside: while the majority of health care markets is very small in size (by distance), I will submit that the advent of medical tourism does a bit to widen potential markets, but this segment of the market is tiny and very privileged in comparison.)
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Early Christians used the ichthys, a symbol of a fish, to represent Jesus,[94][95] because the Greek word for fish, ΙΧΘΥΣ Ichthys, could be used as an acronym for "Ίησοῦς Χριστός, Θεοῦ Υἱός, Σωτήρ" (Iesous Christos, Theou Huios, Soter), meaning "Jesus Christ, Son of God, Saviour".
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Redux, which features a single store, often called a single source of truth
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use universal loading to render identical HTML on both the server and client.
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React does not attempt to provide a complete "application library". It is designed specifically for building user interfaces[3] and therefore does not include many of the tools some developers might consider necessary to build an application.
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numerically evaluate the derivative of a function specified by a computer program
I understand what they're saying, but one should be careful here not to confuse themselves with numerical differentiation a la finite differnces
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Voxel-based morphometry is a computational approach to neuroanatomy that measures differences in local concentrations of brain tissue
Voksel tabanlı morfometri, beyin dokusunun yerel konsantrasyonlarındaki farklılıkları ölçen nöroanatomiye hesaplamalı bir yaklaşımdır
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classical logic was abstracted from the mathematics of finite sets and their subsets …. Forgetful of this limited origin, one afterwards mistook that logic for something above and prior to all mathematics, and finally applied it, without justification, to the mathematics of infinite sets. This is the Fall and original sin of [Cantor's] set theory ..."[24]
Original fall of Cantor
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the axiom of infinity (which is, indeed, an axiom and not a logical truth)
axiom of infinity
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Discovery learning can occur whenever the student is not provided with an exact answer but rather the materials in order to find the answer themselves.
This is a neat definition of discovery learning, emphasising the need for appropriate preparation by the teacher.
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This is literally happening in places like Hungary. 'Emergencies' like the Reichstag fire or migrant crisis are being used to justify the limitation of rights and strengthening of governments.
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two genes, egl nine homolog 1 (EGLN1) (which inhibits haemoglobin production under high oxygen concentration) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARA), were also identified to be positively selected
...by tibetans
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50 Tibetans and 40 Han Chinese from Beijing
not a large sample
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The misspelling of referrer originated in the original proposal by computer scientist Phillip Hallam-Baker to incorporate the field into the HTTP specification.[4] The misspelling was set in stone by the time of its incorporation into the Request for Comments standards document RFC 1945; document co-author Roy Fielding has remarked that neither "referrer" nor the misspelling "referer" were recognized by the standard Unix spell checker of the period.
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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This is a great page for teaching hoe to evaluate Wikipedia pages.
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"weed whacker"
The proper name for a weed whacker
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Ballas developed this into what he called the "Weed Eater", since it chewed up the grass and weeds around trees.
he called it this because he is a fool who did not realize how grass works
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"weed eater"
It is a weed eater
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Mott–Schottky plot
jdok
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during the Cold War the United States developed several dedicated reconnaissance aircraft designs, including the U-2 and SR-71, to monitor the nuclear threat from the Soviet Union.[5] Other types of reconnaissance aircraft were built for specialized roles in signals intelligence and electronic monitoring, such as the RB-47, Boeing RC-135 and the Ryan Model 147 drones.
Spy Planes
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The most recent studies propose, in summary, a model of binary system of hypernova (BdHN I) with two neutron stars, where one of them collapses in a black hole, surrounded by an accretion disk and from whose poles the GRB is launched
In their model it actually starts off as a binary system consisting of a white dwarf (COcore) and neutron star companion in this model. The white dwarf explodes as a type Ia supernova, This then accretes onto its binary neutron star companion which then collapses as a black hole. The black hole forms a cavity and the supernova radiation bouncess off that cavity.
From the abstract:
Within the binary-driven hypernova I (BdHN I) scenario, the gamma-ray burstGRB190114C originates in a binary system composed of a massive carbon-oxygen core(COcore), and a binary neutron star (NS) companion. As the COcore undergoes a super-nova explosion with the creation of a new neutron star (νNS), hypercritical accretionoccurs onto the companion binary neutron star until it exceeds the critical mass forgravitational collapse. The formation of a black hole (BH) captures 1057baryons byenclosing them within its horizon, and thus a cavity of approximately 1011cm is formedaround it with initial density 10−7g/cm3. A further depletion of baryons in the cavityoriginates from the expansion of the electron-positron-photon (e+e−γ) plasma formedat the collapse, reaching a density of 10−14g/cm3by the end of the interaction. It is demonstrated here using an analytical model complemented by a hydrodynamical nu-merical simulation that part of thee+e−γplasma is reflected off the walls of the cavity. The consequent outflow and its observed properties are shown to coincide with the fea-tureless emission occurring in a time interval of durationtrf, measured in the rest frameof the source, between 11 and 20 s of the GBM observation. Moreover, similar featuresof the GRB light curve were previously observed in GRB 090926A and GRB 130427A,all belonging to the BdHN I class.
Paper here https://arxiv.org/pdf/1904.03163.pdf
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A backdoor is usually a secret method of bypassing normal authentication or encryption in a computer system, a product, or an embedded device, etc.[23] Companies may also willingly or unwillingly introduce backdoors to their software that help subvert key negotiation or bypass encryption altogether. In 2013, information leaked by Edward Snowden showed that Skype had a backdoor which allowed Microsoft to hand over their users' messages to the NSA despite the fact that those messages were officially end-to-end encrypted.
What are backdoors?
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Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) is a graphical representation for specifying business processes in a business process model.
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compatibility with hex keys
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python
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Very large-scale integration was made possible with the wide adoption of the MOS transistor, originally invented by Mohamed M. Atalla and Dawon Kahng at Bell Labs in 1959.[2] Atalla first proposed the concept of the MOS integrated circuit chip in 1960, followed by Kahng in 1961, both noting that the MOS transistor's ease of fabrication made it useful for integrated circuits.[3][4] General Microelectronics introduced the first commercial MOS integrated circuit in 1964.[5] In the early 1970s, MOS integrated circuit technology allowed the integration of more than 10,000 transistors in a single chip.[6] This paved the way for VLSI in the 1970s and 1980s, with tens of thousands of MOS transistors on a single chip (later hundreds of thousands, then millions, and now billions).
Vlsi Intro
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n September 2003, in an interactive session in PGI Chandigarh, Kalam supported th
love it
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Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam (/ˈæbdəl kəˈlɑːm/ (listen); 15 October 1931 – 27 July 2015) was an Indian aerospace scientist and politician who served as the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007. He was born and raised in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu and studied physics and aerospace engineering. He spent the next four decades as a scientist and science administrator, mainly at the Defence Research and Development
will he be a inspiring person
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deep neural networks, deep belief networks, recurrent neural networks and convolutional neural networks have been applied to fields including computer vision, machine vision, speech recognition, natural language processing, audio recognition, social network filtering, machine translation, bioinformatics, drug design,
applications of deep learning and machine learning
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The term banister (also bannister) refers to the system of balusters and handrail of a stairway
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In furniture construction it is known as a spindle
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Susceptibility to bias
For a class called "Women, Art, and Society" students were assigned artists to research and either add to Wikipedia or edit and expand their current pages. It was surprising to see the number of women, and other marginalized artists that were rejected because they were not "established" enough.
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Viewing Wikipedia as fitting the economists' definition of a perfectly competitive marketplace of ideas, George Bragues (University of Guelph-Humber), examined Wikipedia's articles on seven top Western philosophers: Aristotle, Plato, Immanuel Kant, René Descartes, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Thomas Aquinas, and John Locke. Wikipedia's articles were compared to a consensus list of themes culled from four reference works in philosophy. Bragues found that, on average, Wikipedia's articles only covered 52% of consensus themes. No errors were found, though there were significant omissions
Yes, these are accurate but I think this example does point to the extent to which Wikipedia marginalizes the contributions of women, and people of colour.
LiDA101
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related to the wolves that were first domesticate
this is a dog
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RDF is an abstract model with several serialization formats (i.e. file formats),
So, for example, one way to serialize RDF is through XML. See RDF/XML.
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The traditional solution for SPAs has been to change the browser URL's hash fragment identifier in accord with the current screen state. This can be achieved with JavaScript, and causes URL history events to be built up within the browser. As long as the SPA is capable of resurrecting the same screen state from information contained within the URL hash, the expected back-button behavior is retained.
fragment identifier history api back button
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SPA
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A single-page application (SPA) is a web application or website that interacts with the web browser by dynamically rewriting the current web page with new data from the web server, instead of the default method of the browser loading entire new pages. The goal is faster transitions that make the website feel more like a native app.
dynamically rewriting current page
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The Speckled Band" is a classic locked room mystery
This is cool!
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protect against polluting the global environment
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can be used to avoid variable hoisting from within blocks
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The Quran is the central religious text of Islam. Muslims believe it represents the words of God revealed by the archangel Gabriel to Muhammad.[21][22][23] The Quran, however, provides minimal assistance for Muhammad's chronological biography; most Quranic verses do not provide significant historical context.[24][25] Early biographies
thi is myu annotatnio
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quality of his music
I don’t think it was the quality of his music that kept his music from being performed earlier. Seems like it was more of just being an unknown in the world—not being “discovered” quite yet.
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he continued to revise and refine his earlier work,
I think its harder than writing the new music. you have to remind yourself to recall the feelings and thoughts when writing the music.
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These attacks may have been psychological in origin rather than physical.
this reminds me of the reading last week. I think ives was a loner (kind of like the unsocial) , like he didn't like to take photo, his taste in food, clothes, and furniture remained plain to the point of spartan throughout his life even he moved his agency to new quarters. although Ives always avoided looking like was a sensitive artist or intellectual, but I think ives was sensitive. so this is also like the psychological.
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make a 4 container A-B-C-D fountain, which can be turned upside down so that the full and empty container switch places
Kurcze próbuje rozkminić jak to by miało działać
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Ready meals and convenience cooking spare the consumer effort in preparation of a meal while providing high levels of energy and pronounced, if mostly artificial, flavour.
Where we first saw the convenience of meals express, readily available, then replaced by delivery apps
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HubSpot

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"a financial threat to HubSpot, its share price, and the company’s future potential."
HubSpot
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Almost all modern courses on Renaissance counterpoint, a mainstay of college music curricula, are indebted in some degree to this work by Fux.
True; but at minimum I think this ought to be rephrased.
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The modern practice of the committee questioning nominees on their judicial views began with the nomination of John Marshall Harlan II in 1955; the nomination came shortly after the Supreme Court handed down its landmark Brown v. Board of Education decision, and several southern senators attempted to block Harlan's confirmation, hence the decision to testify.[1][8]
Interesting that this practice stems from the imposition of what looks like racist policies.
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United States presidential election
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to United States presidential election, 1932.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to United States presidential election, 1932.
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1932 United States Senate elections 1932 United States House of Representatives elections History of the United States (1918–1945) Timeline of the Great Depression Causes of the Great Depression Great Contraction First inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt
1932 United States Senate elections 1932 United States House of Representatives elections History of the United States (1918–1945) Timeline of the Great Depression Causes of the Great Depression Great Contraction First inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt
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solved their problems and either the protagonist or antagonist wins the conflict.
the final phase of Freytags pyramid
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described plot as the cause-and-effect relationship between events in a story
what happens to make another thing happen
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Since HDLs are not considered to be programming languages by most hardware engineers
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The custom code "fills in the blanks" for the framework, such as supplying a table of menu items and registering a code subroutine for each item
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in traditional programming, the custom code that expresses the purpose of the program calls into reusable libraries to take care of generic tasks, but with inversion of control, it is the framework that calls into the custom, or task-specific, code.
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This article contains wording that promotes the subject in a subjective manner without imparting real information. Please remove or replace such wording and instead of making proclamations about a subject's importance, use facts and attribution to demonstrate that importance. (August 2020)
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Literary allusion is closely related to parody and pastiche, which are also "text-linking" literary devices.[7]
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Social narrative is a learning tool designed for a person with disability (e.g. Autism and Asperger syndrome) that teaches them how to do something new. It is referred to as a story or a written explanation that tells the learner not only what to do but also what the situation is, with the goal of addressing the challenge of learners finding social situations confusing.[2]
[[social narrative]]
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to read
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Network nodes are the points of connection of the transmission medium to transmitters and receivers of the electrical
.
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he Romans (c. 1st century BC) also occasionally used symbols to indicate pauses
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In addition, the Greeks used the paragraphos (or gamma) to mark the beginning of sentences, marginal diples to mark quotations, and a koronis to indicate the end of major sections.
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the Greeks were sporadically using punctuation marks consisting of vertically arranged dots—usually two (dicolon) or three (tricolon)—in around the 5th century BC as an aid in the oral delivery of texts.
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The earliest alphabetic writing — Phoenician, Hebrew, and others of the same family — had no capitalization, no spaces, no vowels (see abjad) and few punctuation marks.
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Ancient Chinese classical texts were transmitted without punctuation.
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The oldest known document using punctuation is the Mesha Stele (9
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The first writing systems were either logographic or syllabic
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The rules of punctuation vary with language, location, register, and time and are constantly evolving.
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In written English, punctuation is vital to disambiguate the meaning of sentences.
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Punctuation (or sometimes interpunction) is the use of spacing, conventional signs (called punctuation marks), and certain typographical devices as aids to the understanding and correct reading of written text, whether read silently or aloud.
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when godlike characters enter (e.g. Superman), correspondingly great villains have to be created,
needed to keep the reader interested and excited
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The agon, or act of conflict, involves the protagonist (the "first fighter") and the antagonist
agon- debate or contest between two characters
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"man against society".[10] Where man stands against a man-made institution (such as slavery or bullying),
like the movie shrek. nobody likes ogers but he wants people to look past their looks and see them for who they really are.
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With "man against self" conflict, the struggle is internal
like emotional conflict?
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"Man against nature" conflict is an external struggle positioning the character against an animal or a force of nature,
like a tornado or natural disaster
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"Man against man" conflict involves stories where characters are against each other
like the protagonist and antagonist
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literary purpose of conflict is to create tension in the story,
keep the readers interested!
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resolution of a conflict creates closure or fulfillment
if it does not resolve then it could leave the readers bored or unsatisfied
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A narrative is not limited to a single conflict
narrative may have multiple conflict
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conflict is a major literary element of narrative
literary elements include character, plot, setting, pov, theme, conflict
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conflict is the challenge main characters need to solve to achieve their goals.
main character is usually the protagonist.
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In January 2007, the Prime Minister of Japan, Shinzō Abe, announced that he would drop an earlier proposal to alter the Imperial Household Law so as to allow females to inherit the throne. The proposal had been made on the basis of the fact that the two sons of Emperor Akihito had, at the time, no sons of their own
eff you Shinzo Abe
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The three major functions of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning are interrelated, especially with the need to provide thermal comfort and acceptable indoor air quality within reasonable installation, operation, and maintenance costs.
I believe that this statement is saying that the only way for it to be cost effective for installation and operation purposes is for all three systems to be integrated into one. The three systems of comfort being Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning.(HVAC)
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HVAC is based on inventions and discoveries made by Nikolay Lvov, Michael Faraday, Rolla C. Carpenter, Willis Carrier, Edwin Ruud, Reuben Trane, James Joule, William Rankine, Sadi Carnot, and many others.
This sentence was an eye opener for me, because now I realize that almost all of the major brands of units out today are either named after people who invented, or made discoveries linked to technology in HVAC systems.
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Heaters exist for various types of fuel, including solid fuels, liquids, and gases. Another type of heat source is electricity, normally heating ribbons composed of high resistance wire (see Nichrome).
In this description it states all of the various heat sources that fuel heaters. Typically, most people use gas or electricity to fuel their systems, but have no idea about the many options available to them.
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The use of furnaces, space heaters, and boilers as a method of indoor heating could result in incomplete combustion and the emission of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, formaldehyde, volatile organic compounds, and other combustion byproducts. Incomplete combustion occurs when there is insufficient oxygen; the inputs are fuels containing various contaminants and the outputs are harmful byproducts, most dangerously carbon monoxide, which is a tasteless and odorless gas with serious adverse health effects.
This paragraph is telling us the possible harmful byproducts caused from the use of furnaces, space heaters, and boilers. Furthermore, it describes the cause of these byproducts is from the lack of oxygen. Which means the fuels are not fully and properly burning out, in what is called "incomplete combustion".
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Ventilation often refers to the intentional delivery of the outside air to the building indoor environment. It is one of the most important factors for maintaining acceptable indoor air quality in buildings.
Here it is describing how important ventilation is for the quality of air. It is the key element in keeping buildings air supply safe and admissible to be considered "acceptable".
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Natural ventilation is the ventilation of a building with outside air without using fans or other mechanical systems. It can be via operable windows, louvers, or trickle vents when spaces are small and the architecture permits.
Basically, this is stating that the most simple and cheap way to ventilate a building or structure is with natural ventilation. This can be anything as easy as opening a window for draft, or even a small louver.
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Natural ventilation is a key factor in reducing the spread of airborne illnesses such as tuberculosis, the common cold, influenza and meningitis.
During times like these it seems as if this can be the most important sentence in the whole article. It is saying that the main component to help reduce the spread of any and all airborne illnesses is using natural ventilation.
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HVAC is an important part of residential structures such as single family homes, apartment buildings, hotels and senior living facilities, medium to large industrial and office buildings such as skyscrapers and hospitals, vehicles such as cars, trains, airplanes, ships and submarines, and in marine environments, where safe and healthy building conditions are regulated with respect to temperature and humidity, using fresh air from outdoors.
This paragraph is basically saying that HVAC is the cornerstone for thermal comfort in almost every structure or automotive vehicle. Using fresh air from outside it helps maintain comfortable and safe conditions in those types of environments.
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Air conditioning and refrigeration are provided through the removal of heat. Heat can be removed through radiation, convection, or conduction. The heat transfer medium is a refrigeration system, such as water, air, ice, and chemicals are referred to as refrigerants.
I found this statement to be interesting as well, because people always think air conditioning works by strictly adding cool air to a room. When in fact it actually is the process of cycling and removing the heat from a room. This is done by sucking or extracting the warm air and recycling it into "conditioned" air.
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An example of a geothermal heat pump that uses a body of water as the heat sink, is the system used by the Trump International Hotel and Tower in Chicago, Illinois. This building is situated on the Chicago River, and uses cold river water by pumping it into a recirculating cooling system, where heat exchangers transfer heat from the building into the water, and then the now-warmed water is pumped back into the Chicago River.
Here is a great example of how we are using the environment to heat/cool huge infrastructures while at the same time cutting down on energy usage and emissions. Using nature to help preserve the environment in a way.
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On April 29, the NBA issued Sterling a lifetime ban from the organization after a league investigation into the recording confirmed that he was the one conversing with Stiviano. The league also issued a $2.5 million fine against Sterling (the highest allowable by the NBA) and barred him from attending games or practices involving any NBA team; being present in any Clippers office or facility; and from participating in any team business, player personnel decisions or league activity.
bye sterling, welcome the new clippers.
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On April 25, 2014, entertainment news website TMZ released a taped conversation in which team owner Donald Sterling—who had a history of accusations of racist behavior against African Americans and Latinos dating back to the 1990s—reprimanded V. Stiviano (of African American and Mexican heritage, who had reportedly been dating Sterling while he was estranged from wife) for posting an Instagram photo featuring her, former Los Angeles Lakers point guard Magic Johnson, and another woman.
the whole organization in shambles due to a bad person.
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In December 2011, the Clippers signed Caron Butler to a $24 million deal and claimed veteran point guard Chauncey Billups three days later.
more help was needed and help was sent for a lot of money!
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Griffin immediately impressed in training camp and preseason. On October 23, he broke his kneecap during the Clippers' final exhibition game against the New Orleans Hornets, following a dunk. Initially, the Clippers' stated that he only had a sore left knee, which would make him questionable for the season opener the following night, before they revealed the break. The injury sidelined Griffin for the entire season.[43]
more struggles, all hope was lost.
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With the first overall pick, the team selected Blake Griffin. To clear a spot in the lineup for him, they traded Zach Randolph to Memphis for Quentin Richardson. Richardson was then traded to the Minnesota Timberwolves for Sebastian Telfair, Craig Smith, and Mark Madsen.[42]
The new star arrives and sacrifices are made for him.
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They are the oldest franchise to not appear in the NBA Finals.
the only team now in fact that has not been to the finals, except maybe this year!
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The Clippers' reputation improved during the 2010s, which saw them transform into consistent postseason contenders. Aided by the "Lob City" lineup of Blake Griffin, DeAndre Jordan, and Chris Paul, the team made five consecutive playoff appearances from 2011 to 2017 and won two consecutive division titles in 2013 and 2014, both firsts for the franchise.
finally success with new members on the team.
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Over the course of 27 seasons, the Clippers qualified for the postseason only four times and won a single playoff round.
During almost 30 seasons, the team struggled very bad and won only 1 playoff game.
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In 1984, the franchise was controversially relocated to Los Angeles by owner Donald Sterling without NBA approval.
Relocation to Los Angeles by owner, done controversially.
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The franchise was founded as the Buffalo Braves in 1970 as an expansion team.
L.A. Clippers, formed from expansion team.
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While conventional reportage and essay-writing often require the careful crafting of narrative flow, the building-block nature of the listicle lends itself to more rapid production. It can also be a means of "recycling" information, as often it is the context, not the content, that is original.
when it is the context that matters lists especially nested lists are what you need to capture the contexts for your networked thoughts
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Laguna Pueblo Feast Day: September 19
Laguna has 5 other sub villages each with its own feast day.
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The various Pueblo communities have different traditions regarding the making and decoration of pottery artifacts. Present-day archaeologists date the use of pottery by Puebloans dating back the early centuries of the Common Era.[13]
some famous potters Nampayeo (hopi) Lucy Lewis (Acoma) Maria Martinez (San Idelfonso)
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The Puebloans are traditional weavers of cloth and have used textiles, natural fibers and animal hide in their cloth-making. Since woven clothing is laborious and time-consuming, every-day style of dress for working around the villages has been more spare. The men often wore breechcloths.
Pueblo women wear a black knee length dress fastened on the right shoulder. Fastend with a woven belt at the waist.
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Starting early on August 10, 1680, Popé and leaders of each of the Pueblos sent a knotted rope carried by a runner to the next Pueblo; the number of knots signified the number of days to wait before beginning the uprising.
The spanish uncovered the plan so new cords were sent out so the revolt could take place sooner the anticipated date.
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The Pueblo Revolt that started in 1680 was the first led by a Native American group to successfully expel colonists from North America for a considerable number of years.
The pueblo revolt was the only successful rebellion which successfully drove out the spanish for a time being.
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The Hopi, Zuni, Keres and Jemez each have matrilineal kinship systems: children are considered born into their mother's clan and must marry a spouse outside it, an exogamous practice.
Clans are based on animals, plants & earth elements. ex. sun, corn, badger
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Keresan: family to which Western and Eastern Keres belong, considered by some a language isolate consisting of a dialect continuum spoken at the pueblos of Acoma, Laguna, Santa Ana, Zia, Cochiti, Kewa, and San Felipe.
Eastern Keres Cochiti San Felipe Kewa (Santo Domingo) Zia Santa Ana
Western Keres Acoma Laguna
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Puebloans have been remarkably adept at preserving their culture and core religious beliefs, including developing a syncretic approach to Catholicism/Christianity
Pueblos have integrated some Christianity practices into their traditional calendar. Each pueblo celebrates numerous patron saints through out the year with traditional dances & ceremonies.
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There are currently 100 Pueblos that are still inhabited, among which Taos, San Ildefonso, Acoma, Zuni, and Hopi are the best-known.
There is actually 19 pueblos in inhabited today
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Puebloans speak languages from four different language families, and each Pueblo is further divided culturally by kinship systems and agricultural practices, although all cultivate varieties of maize.
There are actually 4 main language groups Keres, Tiwia, Tewa, & Towa. Although Zuni & Hopi have their own languages.
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Frogs have no tail, except as larvae, and most have long hind legs, elongated ankle bones, webbed toes, no claws, large eyes, and a smooth or warty skin. They have short vertebral columns, with no more than 10 free vertebrae and fused tailbones
This is ironic that frogs have no tail but the original name the greeks had given them is translated to "animal tail"
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The origin of the order name Anura—and its original spelling Anoures—is the Ancient Greek "alpha privative" prefix ἀν- (an-) "without", and οὐρά (ourá), meaning "animal tail". It refers to the tailless character of these amphibians.
This is how frogs got the name frog. It is interesting how it came from the greek language as many things we have. And how the name the Greek's had for frogs translates to "animal tail"
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More than one third of species are considered to be threatened with extinction and over 120 are believed to have become extinct since the 1980s.
Frogs are dying and becoming extinct and it is a problem. Even in the amazon some frogs depend on the trees and the ecosystem to exist. If the trees are going away in fire it leaves frogs without a place to live.
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Frogs are valued as food by human
This shows that frogs are used and seen completely different depending on the society and or culture. As in america they are pets and are not seen as food. However in France it is considered a delicacy.
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. Adult frogs generally have a carnivorous diet consisting of small invertebrates, but omnivorous species exist and a few feed on plant matter
This shows the adult frog diet and how it is similar to the early frog's diet.
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They have highly specialized rasping mouth parts suitable for herbivorous, omnivorous or planktivorous die
This shows that frogs eat a diverse amount of food. They eat other animals, bugs, they eat a whole variety of food.
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Frogs typically lay their eggs in water. The eggs hatch into aquatic larvae called tadpoles that have tails and internal gill
This shows the early life of a frog and how it is born. It is important to know how frogs are born.
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Their skin varies in colour from well-camouflaged dappled brown, grey and green to vivid patterns of bright red or yellow and black to show toxicity and ward off predators
Frogs will have different skin colors depending on the environment that they live in or to show they have poison and not to mess with them.
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The oldest fossil "proto-frog" appeared in the early Triassic of Madagascar, but molecular clock dating suggests their origins may extend further back to the Permian, 265 million years ago
This shows how long frogs have existed.
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protagonist served as the author, the director, and the actor
back in the day, the protagonist was the author, the director, and the actor!
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character who faces the most significant obstacles
role that goes through the important challenges
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primary agent propelling the story forward,
leading role in the story
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It is easier for the human mind to remember and make decisions on the basis of stories with meaning, than to remember strings of data. This is one reason why narratives are so powerful and why many of the classics in the humanities and social sciences are written in the narrative format
We use stories to remember and make discussion because we learn things and lessons from them. That is why when we take humanities we are just being told story of information rather than statistics.
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Within philosophy of mind, the social sciences and various clinical fields including medicine, narrative can refer to aspects of human psychology.[19] A personal narrative process is involved in a person's sense of personal or cultural identity, and in the creation and construction of memories; it is thought by some to be the fundamental nature of the self.
Narratives help us understand ourselves and our mind. We remember things and turn them intro narratives which involves our life or experiences we have had.
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Narrative is a highly aesthetic art. Thoughtfully composed stories have a number of aesthetic elements. Such elements include the idea of narrative structure, with identifiable beginnings, middles and ends, or exposition-development-climax-denouement, with coherent plot lines; a strong focus on temporality including retention of the past, attention to present action and protention/future anticipation; a substantial focus on character and characterization
Aesthetic elements are how you construct a narrative or the sequence of events. Like it says start at the bringing then go to exposition then the climax the most interesting part of the story then continue on to the falling action and then the end
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A writer may choose to let several narrators tell the story from different points of view. Then it is up to the reader to decide which narrator seems most reliable for each part of the story. It may refer to the style of the writer in which he/she expresses the paragraph written.
This is where they have many different point of views in the book just like far from the tree had different chapters with different narrators to learn better of the story. Then you decide who you like better when telling the story.
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A narrative consists of a set of events (the story) recounted in a process of narration (or discourse), in which the events are selected and arranged in a particular order (the plot, which can also mean "story synopsis").
This is what a narrative has which is what happened and how it was happening. You arrange all the events and that is wha the story is. The plot is the sequence of events which can also be called story synopsis.
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There is a distinction between first-person and third-person narrative, which Gérard Genette refers to as intradiegetic and extradiegetic narrative,
First person is when you are talking from your point of view when third person is you in the story and using pronouns he or she instead of I.
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A narrative, story or tale is any account of a series of related events or experiences,[1] whether nonfictional (memoir, biography, news report, documentary, travelogue, etc.) or fictional (fairy tale, fable, legend, thriller, novel, etc.)
The definition of a narrative and the types there are. They give examples such as fable, legend, thriller, novel. A narrative is a series of repeated events or experiences like a story.
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We are inveterate storytellers."[12] Stories are an important aspect of culture. Many works of art and most works of literature tell stories; indeed, most of the humanities involve stories.[13] Stories are of ancient origin,
Story's are who we are and it is a way to express ourselves. They are also of "ancient origin" which is how we know history form stories that are being told still today.
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