John kavat zin's definition of mindfulness
for - definition - mindfulness - Jon Kabat-Zinn
definition - mindfulness - Jon Kabat-Zinn - awareness that arises through - paying attention on purpose in the present moment - non-judgmentally
John kavat zin's definition of mindfulness
for - definition - mindfulness - Jon Kabat-Zinn
definition - mindfulness - Jon Kabat-Zinn - awareness that arises through - paying attention on purpose in the present moment - non-judgmentally
there are at least two traditional elements that would be subsumed under this term
for - definition - mindfulness
definition - mindfulness - This is a 20th century Western, Buddhist psychology term which has two complimentary aspects - remembering / recollecting (smrti) - hold some mental object in mind and prevent it from drifting away - clear comprehension (samprajanya) - clear knowing through alert awareness - mental surveying / monitoring
bavana which literally means bringing into being
for - definition - Bhavana - meditation - Sanskrit - samatha - vipassana
definition - Bhavana - meditation - Sanskrit - https://encyclopediaofbuddhism.org/wiki/Bh%C4%81van%C4%81 - cultivation - samatha-bhāvanā, the cultivation of calm-abiding - stabilizing attention leading to refined states of concentration - vipassanā-bhāvanā, the cultivation of insight<br /> - clearly noting what is arising from moment to moment
sleep maintenance insomnia
for - definition - sleep maintenance insomnia
definition - sleep maintenance insomnia - wake up and can't get back to sleep
under the name of the Prometheus complex
for - definition - Prometheus complex
definition - Prometheus complex - All those tendencies which impel us to know - as much as our fathers, more than our fathers - as much as our teachers, more than our teachers - author - Gaston Bachelard
The Symbolosphere, Conceptualiztion, Language and Neo-Dualism
for - symbolosphere - origins - definition - symbolosphere - definition - physiosphere - definition - neo-dualism - Robert K. Logan - John H. Schumann
origins - symbolosphere - John H. Schumann introduces the complimentary notions of
definition - symbolopshere - the non-physical world of symbolic relationships that includes all its thoughts and communication processes such as language
definition - physiosphere - the physical world, including the human brain.
definition - neo-dualism - a way pragmatic form of dualism that distinguishes mind and brain in the current understanding of neuroscience that is unable to provide an adequate explanation connecting the two.
strictly limited to a specified thing, place, or idea the city proper
It's definition 6 from Merriam-Webster: 6 : strictly limited to a specified thing, place, or idea
Thanks for pointing to this! There are so many different meaninsg/senses of "proper". That's the one!
A strategy, on the other hand, is a guideline for decisions you make. It defines how an objective will be achieved. For example, if you run a retail store, your goal might be to increase sales. This goal may sound obvious, but how do you achieve it? You can attract new customers, encourage existing customers to buy more, broaden your selection, or advertise more. Each of these options is a different strategy. You could have a promotion strategy, a pricing strategy, a distribution strategy, and more.
Strategic planning is the process you go through to create a vision, a mission, goals, and a plan for your organization for the next three to five years. It includes a review of opportunities and articulation of the elements discussed here, using a structured process that works through them one step at a time.
temporal conscientization” (becoming conscious of historical
for - definition - temporal conscientization - adjacency - temporal conscientization - Deep Humanity - poly-meta-perma-crisis - terror management - denial of death - Paolo Freire - denial of death - Ernest Becker - terror management - book - Critical Consciousness
definition - temporal conscientization - introduced by Paolo Freire n his book, temporal conscientization means becoming conscious of historical change, our - past, -present and - futures - For people to intervene in the movement of history, - people need to understand - how they got to where they are now, - the era that they are coming from, but as well to understand - the movements and potentialities of change that are leading to different futures.
adjacency - between - temporal conscientization - Deep Humanity - poly-meta-perma-crisis - terror management theory - denial of death - adjacency statement - Deep Humanity has always elevated the idea of knowing the past, present and future in order to frame meaning for navigating our future. - This is precisely the awareness of temporal conscientization. - Deep considerations of death, - and subsequently what meaning we can derive from life - is an integral part of the Deep Humanity exercise - A major theme of religions is the afterlife, or some continuation of consciousness after the process of death - In the context of temporal conscientization, - looking and - imagining - what our - individual and - collective future - looks like - the proposal of an afterlife is a terror management strategy to cope with our denial of death - Perhaps the emergence of the present poly-meta-perma-crisis is - a cultural indication to the collective intelligence of the human social superorganism that - the time has come to develop a mature theory of life and death that is - accessible to every member of our species so that - we can put the fragmenting, isolating existential question to rest once and for all
Richard Slaughter came up with a conceptual model called the transformation cycle
for - Richard Slaughter - transformation cycle - definition - transformation cycle - social norms - construction and deconstruction - social construction
definition - transformation cycleL - The transformation cycle shows how the social constructions that come to be seen as real - eventually lose their viability over time, - with new - social constructions and - meaning frameworks -emerging. - This process can be described in three steps: - 1. Analysis of the breakdown of inherited meanings. - 2. Reconceptualisation via new myths, paradigms, images etc. - 3. Negotiation and selective legitimation of new - meanings, - images, - behaviours etc.
Epic Times
for - Epic times - hypernormalization - definition - epic times - gestalt switch - Deep Humanity articulation - hypernormalization - epic times - Rapid whole system change - emptiness - epic times - adjacency - hypernormalization - epic times - Deep Humanity
definition - epic times - In contrast to hypernormalization, which is the normalization of a state of affairs which is dysfunctional or absurd, epic times is the opposite. - Employing a deep time and space framing, epic times re-situates each of us as an integral, intertwingled component of the universe a cosmic gestalt, woven into the multi scale competency architecture of reality itself invoking feelings of: - awe, - the sacred, - the remarkable
adjacency - between - hypernormalization - rapid whole system change - Deep Humanity - adjacency statement - Hypernormalization characterizes the poly-meta-perma-crisis of the anthropocene. - The GESTALT SWITCH in articulating from a hypernormalization to an epic time worldview is the essential meta reframing required to motivate the unprecedented cultural evolution transition modernity must undergo if our species is to reach the next stage of evolution
reference - see the above annotation on "hypernormalization" - https://hyp.is/iO-mfuzLEe6SOON2-3dLqA/off-planet.medium.com/discovering-the-narratives-that-matter-to-us-327958a2daec
hypernormalization
for - definition - hypernormalisation - definition - epic times - paradigm shift - eco-anxiety - Deep Humanity articulation - hypernormalization - epic times - Rapid whole system change - emptiness - epic times - gestalt switch - epic times - adjacency - hypernormalization - epic times - Deep Humanity - Alexi Yurchak - hypernormalization
definition - hypernormalization - the making normal of a state of affairs which is dysfunctional or absurd. - a term coined by the Russian scholar Alexi Yurchak
adjacency - between - hypernormalization - rapid whole system change - Deep Humanity - adjacency statement - Hypernormalization characterizes the poly-meta-perma-crisis of the anthropocene. - We can articulate the open source Deep Humanity praxis currently under development in the terminology of hypernormalization and epic times: - One way to understand the open source Deep Humanity praxis currently under development is that - Deep Humanity offers a framework to become aware of the Hypernormalization within modernity - Employing an epic times perspective can help provide the necessary GESTALT SWITCH ( a term introduced by Gyuri Lajos) that shifts the current growing eco-anxiety-laden affective landscape from - fear - hopelessness - inaction - confusion - to a broader context which can inspire awe, wonder and resilient meaning
définitions littéralement la bienveillance c'est 00:06:03 vouloir du bien autrui
il y a plusieurs définitions des compétences psychosociale et peut-être celle qui est la plus claire c'est la capacité d'une personne à répondre avec efficacité aux exigences et aux épreuve de la vie quotidienne
A tool addresses human needs by amplifying human capabilities.
how we should interact with our Tools Of The Future?
References
Victor, B. (2011). A brief rant on the future of interaction design. Tomado de https://worrydream.com/ABriefRantOnTheFutureOfInteractionDesign/
without science; in the manner of quacks.
What on earth? How can this word, which in my experience describes precisely the manner that makes something science, at the same time have a meaning that means "without science" and in the manner of a charlatan? I'd never heard of this meaning before...
All well-behaved persons
The determination of what constituted "well-behaved" under the 1885 Public Accommodations statute was left to the discretion of the proprietors of the theaters, parks, shows, or other public amusements. This meant that the decision could be highly subjective and influenced by the personal biases and racial prejudices.
miscegenation
Sexual relationships or reproduction between people of different race and ethnic groups, especially when one of them is white.
Myelin, a coating of fatty tissues around the axon of the neuron (Carlson, 2014).
Synaptic Pruning, where neural connections are reduced thereby making those that are used much stronger
his period of rapid neural growth is referred to as Synaptic Blooming.
dendrites develop and synaptogenesis occurs
antinomy
a contradiction between two beliefs or conclusions that are in themselves reasonable; a paradox.
aporia
In philosophy, an aporia is a philosophical puzzle or a seemingly irresoluble impasse in an inquiry, often arising as a result of equally plausible yet inconsistent premises, i.e. a paradox. It can also denote the state of being perplexed, or at a loss, at such a puzzle or impasse.
si on se réfère à la 00:03:17 définition voyez qui est déjà bien ancienne 1946 publié en 48 je crois d'ailleurs de l'OMS qui nous dit que la santé c'est pas simplement une absence de maladie et on a un peu eu tendance à 00:03:30 l'oublier depuis ces années covid ou c'est vraiment protégé pour la maladie mais on s'est aperçu que c'était bien plus large que ça et pourtant vous voyez 46 on était déjà au clair là-dessus la santé c'est du bien-être et le mot 00:03:45 bien-être est dans la définition du bien-être physique effectivement pas avoir de maladies mais c'est aussi du bien-être psychologique et c'est aussi du bien-être social psychologique ou 00:03:56 mental c'est la même chose et du bien-être social ces trois bien-être constituent la santé donc s'occuper du bien-être des élèves c'est aussi s'occuper de leur santé
cantophrénie
think of lat space as similar to what humans have with like 00:24:30 abstract ideas or if you ever have some intuition about something that you can't fully put into words
for - definition - latent space
definition - latent space
adjacency - between - latent space - tacit awareness in the indyweb - adjacency statement - Latent space is similar to the concept of tacit awareness in the Indyweb
Qualified education expenses paid on behalf of the student by someone other than the student (such as a relative) are treated as paid by the student.
Does Tuition paid for graduate students by the professor (from research grants) count as a third party?
partnership-domination scale, here is a quick summary
for - definition - partnership-domination scale - definition - unified regressive frame
including how we vote.
there's 00:16:20 something that in Psychology is called the fundamental attribution error
for - definition - fundamental attribution error
definition - fundamental attribution error - a psychological condition in which an individual attrbutes a human behavior to an internal characteristic instead of environmental circumstances
other cultures do not think this and that suggests that our sense of self is largely culturally constructed
for - quote - Sarah Stein Lubrano - quote - self as cultural construction in WEIRD culture - sense of self
quote - (immediately below)
discussion - sense of self is complex. See the work of - Michael Levin and - https://jonudell.info/h/facet/?max=100&expanded=true&user=stopresetgo&exactTagSearch=true&any=michael+levin - Major Evolutionary Transition in Individuality - https://jonudell.info/h/facet/?max=100&expanded=true&user=stopresetgo&exactTagSearch=true&any=major+evolutionary+transition+in+individuality
one of the core ways that we're weird is that we think we have a self
for - definition - Weird - stats - Weird countries - greatest sense of self - inspiration - introduce - Sarah Stein Lubrano - Rachell - Indyweb - Indranet
definition - Weird - Western Educated Industrialized Rich Democratic
inspiration - introduce Rachel and Sarah to Indyweb / Indranet - As soon as I heard Rachel and Sarah talk about the prominent and unique WEIRD feature of sense of self, - I immediately thought that we must introduce them to our work on the Indyweb / |ndranet as our system is designed based on the epistemology that - we are not a thing - we are a process - we are evolution in realtime action - the very use of the Indyweb / Indranet reinforces the reality that we are a process and not a fixed entity - so deconstructs the social construct of the self
Second-order thinking is the practice of not just considering the consequences of our decisions but also the consequences of those consequences.
Definition
So organized, initiatives can collectively co-evolve and co-emerge into a purposeful transformation system oriented towards whole system change
for - quote - whole system change - bottom up whole system change - open function SRG/ Deep Humanity/ Indyweb / Indranet / TPF framework - definition - transformation catalyst
quote - (see below) - A transformation catalyst is an actor who - brings together numerous initiatives and actors around a shared and co-defined set of interests - with an action agenda in mind. - The TC stewards these actors through a set of three general (dialogue- and action-based) processes that can be adapted - to the unique context, needs, and interests - of each system and its players. - So organized, initiatives can collectively co-evolve and co-emerge - into a purposeful transformation system - oriented towards whole system change in a given context (which could happen - locally, - regionally, - bioregionally, or even more broadly - depending on the actors and orientations involved
in most colonizing countries, powerful elites have exploited and abused their own people as well, and that in all countries, powerful elites still seek to dominate
for - new SRG definition of global and local North or South respectively could be helpful here - https://medium.com/@gien_SRG/more-nuanced-terminology-for-post-colonialist-inequality-af2f1609635c
The second thing we are missing is our need to grow beyond our predominantly postmodern worldview
for - key insight - polycrisis - solving - postmodernism alone if insufficient
definition - postmodernism - worldview that champions decentralization, diversity, leaderless coalitions, horizontal networks, etc., etc. author: John Bunzl
claim - post modernism alone is no match for the dynamics of hierarchical Destructive Global Capitalism (DGC) - unity of required amongst the fragmented postmodern movements
stymied
stymied: prevent or hinder the progress of
anthropomorphize
anthropomorphize: attribute human characteristics or behaviour to (a god, animal, or object)
Ameliorating
ameliorating: make (something bad or unsatisfactory) better.
consternation
consternation: amazement or dismay that makes one feel helpless or confused
amalgam
amalgam: a mixture or blend
each moment in the life history of a flower say 00:49:28 is inheriting god's primordial nature whitehead calls this the initial aim
for - definition - God - Whitehead - definition - initial aim - Whitehead
definition - God - Whitehead - The primordial creature is called "God" by Whitehead - by "creature", Whitehead means creativity, not a literal organism
definition - initial aim - Whitehead - Every moment of the life history of any aspect of reality is inheriting God's primordial nature. - This inheritance gives each finite creature the filtered realm of infinite relevant possibilities
i want to now uh introduce the key concept in in whitehead's mature metaphysics concrescence
for - key insight - concrescence - definition - concrescence - Whitehead - definition - The many become the one - Whitehead - definition - Res Potentia - Tim Eastman - definition - superject - Whitehead - definition - moment of satisfaction - Whitehead - definition - dipolar - Whitehead - definition - ingression - Whitehead definition - CONCRESCENCE - is the description of the phases of the iterative process by which reality advances from the past into the present then into the future - this definition is metaphysical and applies to all aspects of reality
Concrescence is the process by which
There's another domain that whitehead makes reference to
Whitehead describes the process of concrescence or each drop of experience as DIPOLAR, having two poles:
Each concrescence or drop of experience begins with the physical pole
and what the ingression of eternal objects do is provide each occasion of experience, each concrescence with
If the physical pole is what initiates the experience of each concrescing occasion
The subjective form is how the occasion fills the past
And so this is the most general account in Whitehead's view that we can offer
Experience is always in the present and the satisfaction that is achieved by each moment of concrescence is enjoyed in the present
objectively immortal
for - definition - objectively immortal - Whitehead
definition - objectively immortal - Whitehead - the effect of large scale events that occurred in deep time are with us today - because the universe is evolutionary in nature, building upon the past
there's a little bit of novelty that each drop of experience adds to the network out of which it emerges from
for - definition - drop of experience - Whitehead
prehension
for - definition - prehension - Whitehead
definition - prehension - defined by Alfred North Whitehead - the feeling that each node of an idea network have for one another
When Whitehead shortens that to prehension
he's trying to get at something that is not yet conscious
certainly not self-reflective
pre-linguistic - see epoche as well, seems related - like the word-less intuition before a precise word is formed to capture the new permutation of salient defining experiences
Lifeboat country
for - definition - lifeboat country
definition - lifeboat country - a country with good climate protection plans but are also geographically isolated and somewhat self-sustaining
researchers call it the human climate Niche
for - definition - human climate niche
the other uh the other type of pansexism is what Chris and and um and Carl friston are doing which is 00:48:04 to reformulate basic physics as fundamentally first a uh a proto-cognitive process
for - definition - proto-cognitive panpsychism
definition - proto-cognitive panpsychism - this holds that physics itself is an edge phenomena of a much deeper underlying reality which has an element of cognition
Kevin Mitchell says in one of his books free agents he talks about I 00:27:10 move therefore I am is that yeah yeah no that's that's that's that's exactly right and all the work on um uh uh active inference
for - definition - consciousness - active inference
definition - consciousness - active inference - In Levin's opinion, one important aspect of defining consciousness that seems generally overlooked is outputs - actions - active inference is a field that deals with the actions that result from intelligence - currently, there is a greater focus on the input / perception side of consciousness but not as strong a focus on the output / action side
it's a field of diverse intelligence
for - definition - diverse intelligence
definition - diverse intelligence - developing a framework that encompasses the wide field of intelligence of living systems
thus we have a very highly developed system designed to overcome the limitations in ordinary human perception
for - key insight - adjacency between - dzogchen training - trekcho - cutting through training - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trekch%C3%B6 - togal - https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php? title=T%C3%B6gal - cognitive science - evolutionary biology - adjacency statement - It is very interesting that we find parallels between - Dzogchen practice and - our consciousness's attempt to overcome the limits of its own perceptions of reality
the dzogchen contemplative system brings about extraordinary results that merit further research
for - definition - Dzogchen - Great Perfection
growth of the spiritual “nones
for - definition - spiritual nones
exvangelicals
for - definition - exvangelical - ex evangelical practitioner
spiritual collective
for - definition - spiritual collective
practical spirituality
for - definition - practical spirituality
entheogens
It means a psychedelic substance typically used in a religious ritual or for a spiritual experience (Oxford).
Citation: https://www.oed.com/search/dictionary/?scope=Entries&q=entheogens
hat are the commons? We can see them as the third human institution, alongside markets and states
for - definition - commons
JasperMcFly 10:38AM Flag I guess we need to collectively decide what the default meaning of "Zettelkasten" is. Given that Luhmann's version, and its digital variants are popular now, I would vote that the use of Zettelkasten therefore means the Luhmann version- as that is what most people are referring to at this point. Which begs the question: What are the sine qua non features of a Luhmannian Zettelkasten and related workflow? What features from his analog workflow and systematic numbering and linking and indexing must be present in hybrid or digital instantiations to qualify as a "Luhmannian Zettelkasten"?
reply to https://forum.zettelkasten.de/discussion/comment/19278/#Comment_19278
@JasperMcFly I'll presume that given the time differential, you may have missed my post just before yours which touches on the frivolity of the proposition of creating a single definition?
Most on this forum are going to presume that zettelkasten is precisely a slipbox in a similar form to that of Luhmann, but in practice some here and many elsewhere aren't going to see the distinction (or care). Some will unpopularly insist that a zettelkasten cannot be digital in form, but they'll also do so while simultaneously (heterodoxically and confusingly?) suggesting that one should use Wikipedia's Academic Outline of Disciplines, an idea which didn't exist during Luhmann's life.
You can make an attempt to force a definition, but I guarantee that it's a losing proposition as in practice people are going to use the word in almost any way they want—whatever you do, don't trust Humpty Dumpty's definition. It's the difference between prescriptive and proscriptive definitions. It can be seen in your very question if you look closely at your own phrase "beg the question", which in classic rhetoric means something very specific going back centuries, but in common use it has a dramatically different meaning. As ever, context will always be the king on these questions of definition, though some of us are still converging on a happy commonality.
For a bit more history here, try The Two Definitions of Zettelkasten.
I feel we need a agreeable definition of work-items. It is getting confusing already. If the goal is to avoid confusion then exceptions must be avoided.
Additionally, it reiterates the need to define "What isn't a Work Item?"
mythopoesis
Which is exactly what you do in the book. And what did you find? - So what I do, I take apart the operating system of capitalism, which is, and I look at seven myths, really that drive it.
for: book - wealth supremacy - 7 myths, 7 myths of Capitalism, capital bias, definition - capital bias
DESCRIPTION: 7 MYTHS of CAPITALISM
quote: Laura Flanders
Are there things that happened that allowed those investors to keep so much of this money just for themselves rather than to reinvest it back in? 00:07:33 - This is where I bring in the concept of wealth supremacy because the whole system is designed to maximize financial income for those who have financial wealth, which is the wealthy, also institutional investors.
for: definition - wealth supremacy
definition: wealth supremacy
weather Whiplash
for: definition - weather whiplash
definition: weather whiplash
I-CIRCLE ... find the right people and found the Implementation-CircleWhen funding is granted, you as the initiator together with the SoNeC Facilitator identify potential mem-bers and create an Implementation Circle for the whole city which consists of 10 – 12 people
for: definition - I-Circle, city-scale group
definition: I-Circle
SoNeC Initiators
for: definition - SoNeC initiators
definition: SoNeC initiators
a stakeholder that takes the risk of starting the SoNeC in their community
3 types:
Collective Impact Network
for: definition - Collective Impact Network
definition: Collective Impact Network
Diagonalists
-definition: diagonalist - A person who contests conventional monikers of left and right (while generally arcing toward far-right beliefs), to express ambivalence if not cynicism toward parliamentary politics, and to blend convictions about holism and even spirituality with a dogged discourse of individual liberties. At the extreme end, diagonal movements share a conviction that all power is conspiracy. - author: Callison and Slobodian
strange-bedfellow coalitions
Kaizen is a compound of two Japanese words that together translate as "good change" or "improvement."
for: definition - Kaizen, progress
definition: Kaizen:
The dimension of the configuration space is the smallest number of parameters that have to be given to completely specify a configuration. The dimension of the configuration space is also called the number of degrees of freedom of the system.4
Definition of degrees of freedom of a system
The parameters used to specify the configuration of the system are called the generalized coordinates.
Definition, generalised coordinates
Mode
https://docdrop.org/pdf/mode-skqaz.pdf/
Mode Powers et al. (Grove Music Online) 2001
Benchmarking is the practice of comparing business processes and performance metrics to industry bests and best practices from other companies. Dimensions typically measured are quality, time and cost.
Benchmarking Python code refers to comparing the performance of one program to variations of the program.
What is parallelism?
Parallelism is very-much related to concurrency. In fact, parallelism is a subset of concurrency: whereas a concurrent process performs multiple tasks at the same time whether they're being diverted total attention or not, a parallel process is physically performing multiple tasks all at the same time.
What does it mean when something is non-blocking?
"Non-blocking" means a program will allow other threads to continue running while it's waiting. This is opposed to "blocking" code, which stops execution of your program completely. Normal, synchronous I/O operations suffer from this limitation.
What is a thread?
A thread is a way of allowing your computer to break up a single process/program into many lightweight pieces that execute in parallel. Somewhat confusingly, Python's standard implementation of threading limits threads to only being able to execute one at a time due to something called the Global Interpreter Lock (GIL). The GIL is necessary because CPython's (Python's default implementation) memory management is not thread-safe. Because of this limitation, threading in Python is concurrent, but not parallel. To get around this, Python has a separate multiprocessing
module not limited by the GIL that spins up separate processes, enabling parallel execution of your code. Using the multiprocessing
module is nearly identical to using the threading
module.
Asynchronous nature of threading: as one function waits, another one begins, and so on.
What's a callback?
The idea of performing a function in response to another function is called a "callback."
What is an event loop?
Event loops are constructs inherent to asynchronous programming that allow performing tasks asynchronously.
In its purest essence, an event loop is a process that waits around for triggers and then performs specific (programmed) actions once those triggers are met. They often return a "promise" (JavaScript syntax) or "future" (Python syntax) of some sort to denote that a task has been added. Once the task is finished, the promise or future returns a value passed back from the called function (assuming the function does return a value).
What is concurrency?
An effective definition for concurrency is "being able to perform multiple tasks at once". This is a bit misleading though, as the tasks may or may not actually be performed at exactly the same time. Instead, a process might start, then once it's waiting on a specific instruction to finish, switch to a new task, only to come back once it's no longer waiting. Once one task is finished, it switches again to an unfinished task until they have all been performed. Tasks start asynchronously, get performed asynchronously, and then finish asynchronously.
what is this thing hope because a lot of people dismiss it and say that it's 00:21:01 it's a kind of weak emotion it's distracting it leads us to wishful thinking and so you know what can we what is the thinking about hope and if we apply our scientific lens 00:21:15 to it what can we do perhaps to make it a more powerful and and significant and useful emotion
for: definition - hope
definition: (robust) hope
there's this idea and complexity science called the adjacent possible it's just what the boundary of the beyond the 00:47:26 boundary of the real and the visible
for: definition - the adjacent possible
definition: the Adjacent possible
enough versus feasible dilemma
for: definition - enough vs feasible dilemma, double bind, progress trap
definition: enough vs feasible dilemma
what I propose in commanding hope is a uh is a notion of hope that 00:25:30 counter poses to each of those critiques an alternative understanding of Hope hope that's honest instead of false astute instead of naive and Powerful instead of passive
for: definition - robust hope, robust hope triplet
definition: robust hope
the Cascade Institute we're interested in two kinds of Cascades
for: cascades - two types, pernicious cascades, virtuous cascades, definition - pernicious cascade, definition - virtuous cascade
definition - pernicious cascade
persistent homology
Persistent homology is a method for computing topological features of a space at different spatial resolutions. It is used to detect more persistent features over a wide range of spatial scales and identify them as more likely to be significant, as opposed to noise or a particular choice of parameters. To find the persistent homology of a space, the space must first be represented as a simplicial complex, and a distance function on the underlying space corresponds to a filtration of the simplicial complex. The essence of persistent homology is to track the birth and death of homological features, providing a robust and informative way to study qualitative features of data that persist across different spatial scales. It is a valuable tool in topological data analysis, as it is robust to perturbations of input data, independent of dimensions and coordinates, and provides a compact representation of the qualitative features of the input.
green colonialism
for: definition - green colonialism
definition: green colonialism
the term that I'm knocking around at the moment for you know something which isn't a green New Deal de growth is a 00:32:28 green Democratic Revolution
for: definition - green democratic revolution
definition: green democratic revolution
soporific
tending to induce drowsiness or sleep
ecumenical
of, relating to, or representing the whole of a body of churches
theology
the study of the nature of God and religious belief.
quackmedicines
the promotion of unproven or fraudulent medical practices.
sacerdotal
relating to priests or the priesthood; priestly
geomancy
the art of placing or arranging buildings or other sites auspiciously. 2. divination from configurations seen in a handful of earth thrown on the ground, or by interpreting lines or textures on the ground.
skepticism
the theory that certain knowledge is impossible.
pseudoscience
a collection of beliefs or practices mistakenly regarded as being based on scientific method.
superstition
a belief or practice resulting from ignorance, fear of the unknown, trust in magic or chance, or a false conception of causation. b. : an irrational abject attitude of mind toward the supernatural, nature, or God resulting from superstition
hereditary
determined by genetic factors and therefore able to be passed on from parents to their offspring or descendants.
propensities
an inclination or natural tendency to behave in a particular way.
for: futures - neo-Venetian crypto-networks, Global Chinese Commons, GCC, cosmolocal, coordiNation, somewheres, everywheres, nowheres, Global System One, Global System Two, Global System Three, contributory accounting, fourth sector, protocol cooperative, mutual coordination economics
summary
If the Somewheres are the locally rooted people, and the Nowheres are digital nomads who have lost their connection to such local communities, then the Everywhere’s are those that are able to connect, and enrich the local through their connection with the global.
protocol cooperatives
for: definition - protocol cooperative, question - protocol cooperative
question: protocol cooperative
Humans however, do not just need bread and butter, they need identity and belonging just as much, if not more, hence the emergence of what I believe we can best call, at this moment of history, ‘CoordiNations’.
Global System Two
Global System One
what you're referring to is the idea that people come together and through language culture and story they have narratives that then create their own realities like the 00:12:04 sociologist abely the sociologist wi Thomas said if people think people believe things to be real then they are real in their consequences
for: Thomas Theorem, The definition of the situation, William Isaac Thomas, Dorothy Swain Thomas, definition - Thomas Theorem, definition - definition of the situation, conflicting belief systems - Thomas theorem, learned something new - Thomas theorem
definition: Thomas Theorem
If men define situations as real, they are real in their consequences.[1]
In other words, the interpretation of a situation causes the action. This interpretation is not objective. Actions are affected by subjective perceptions of situations. Whether there even is an objectively correct interpretation is not important for the purposes of helping guide individuals' behavior.|
key insight: polarization
adjacency between:
adjacency statement
reference
talking about a double overshoot and that language isn't well established in the literature yet that 00:06:58 folks get the overshoot that is ecological that we're in ecological overshoot but they don't understand that we're also in cultural and even civilizational overshoot and those are 00:07:10 new concepts that are just emerging they're not well established in the literatur
for: double overshoot, definition - double overshoot
definition: double overshoot
permanent security”
for: definition - permanent security, examples - permanent security
definition: permanent security
example: permanent security
dans un monde numérique connecté, exister signifie être éditorialisé.
Est-ce que ça ne s'applique pas aussi dans la première définition?
ce qui signifie, en somme, que toute pratique visant à comprendre, à organiser ou à interpréter le monde, est un acte d'éditorialisation.
si je comprend bien, toute action entreprit dans un environnement numérique est synonyme d'éditorialisation. Reste une définition très large
L'éditorialisation désigne l'ensemble des dynamiques qui produisent et structurent l'espace numérique. Ces dynamiques sont les interactions des actions individuelles et collectives avec un environnement numérique particulier.
“Insider Principle” of game design makes gameplay unique and builds on thestrengths that players bring to the game:
Gamification is the application of complex game elements in non-game contexts.
transfer is “a dynamic activity through which students . . . actively make use of priorknowledge as they respond to new writing tasks”
the word dharma before buddha meant something like law religion something that holds you in a pattern holds you like traps you in a pattern where you can bear to live or something like that 00:03:49 but buddha said dharma means reality holds you in freedom from suffering he flipped the meaning into the opposite meaning where it holds you in freedom
for: definition - dharma
definition: dharma
epoche is a form of suspense of judgment -- a way to let the phenomena speak while `bracketing' the usual presuppositions that are in force in any given situation.
for: definition - epoche, bracketing
definition: epoche
there are people who are diminishers and they're illuminators the diminishers are not curious about other people they 00:11:09 stereotype they ignore they don't ask questions
for: personality types - diminishers and illuminators, definition - illuminator, definition - diminisher
definition: illuminator
definition: diminisher
the answer to the question what is experience is rather simple my experience is made of the sensations 00:10:43 feelings emotions thoughts and actions that i live instant after instant
for: definition, definition of experience, question, question - what is experience?
question : experience
definition: experience - it just the sum of the sensations feelings emotions thoughts and actions that i live instant after instant
alterity
for: learned a new word
definition: alterity
I'm in the same boat haha I enjoyed some parts of Obsidian but came back to Notion due to the user experience. I use a Zettelkasten system in the sense of a daily note but the big part that was missing for me was the ability to query all your todos into one view which I had to build an integration for. I talk about it more here if you're interested: https://www.reddit.com/r/Notion/comments/17kfm1k/aggregating_all_todos_into_one_view/
via u/mannyocean at https://www.reddit.com/r/Notion/comments/17mg82a/zettelkasten_in_notion/
He seems to define "zettelkasten" in a productivity sense and not in the currently broader Luhmannian sense.
what application means in our industry: applying computing to accomplish a given task
An identifier embodies the information required to distinguish what is being identified from all other things within its scope of identification. Our use of the terms "identify" and "identifying" refer to this purpose of distinguishing one resource from all other resources, regardless of how that purpose is accomplished (e.g., by name, address, or context).
geomorphology. That's my favorite word. I always tell my students this, I'm like, "If there's just one thing I want you 00:29:44 to learn in this class, if you do never come back, and you're just here the first two days of class, geomorphic, conforming to the shape of the land." This is, in my opinion, the fundamental flaw of our civilization is that our political boundaries and our land management units, property boundaries are not conforming to the shape of the land. Because if they did, then decisions we made would 00:30:15 have an integrated holistic landscape scale impact instead of a fragmented or fractured impact
for: key insight, key insight - Andrew Millison, key insight - geomorphology, quote, quote - Andrew Millison, quote - geomorphology
definition: geomorphology, geomorphic
quote: Andrew Millison
Toillustrate this principle, an HTML page typically provides the user with a num-ber of affordances, such as to navigate to a different page by clicking a hyperlinkor to submit an order by filling out and submitting an HTML form. Performingany such action transitions the application to a new state, which provides theuser with a new set of affordances. In each state, the user’s browser retrievesan HTML representation of the current state from a server, but also a selec-tion of next possible states and the information required to construct the HTTPrequests to transition to those states. Retrieving all this information throughhypermedia allows the application to evolve without impacting the browser, andallows the browser to transition seamlessly across servers. The use of hyperme-dia and HATEOAS is central to reducing coupling among Web components, andallowed the Web to evolve into an open, world-wide, and long-lived system.In contrast to the above example, when using a non-hypermedia Web service(e.g., an implementation of CRUD operations over HTTP), developers have tohard-code into clients all the knowledge required to interact with the service.This approach is simple and intuitive for developers, but the trade-off is thatclients are then tightly coupled to the services they use (hence the need for APIversioning).
At the time of the publication of Aspects of the Theory of Syntax it seemed that all of the semantically relevant parts of the sentence, all the things that determine its meaning, were contained in the deep structure of the sentence. The examples we mentioned above fit in nicely with this view. “I like her cooking” has different meanings because it has different deep structures though only one surface structure; “The boy will read the book” and “The book will be read by the boy” have different surface structures, but one and the same deep structure, hence they have the same meaning.
This section helped me understand a key feature
De-Evangelist
Definition
The Grift Shift is a new paradigm of debating technologies within a society that is based a lot less on the actual realistic use cases or properties of a certain technology but a surface level fascination with technologies but even more their narratives of future deliverance. Within the Grift Shift paradigm the topics and technologies addressed are mere material for public personalities to continuously claim expertise and “thought leadership” in every cycle of the shift regardless of what specific technologies are being talked about.
Definition
the double bind was an evolutionary principle an evolutionary principle 00:36:26 so that every organism at some point right every organism is in relationship to all these other organisms and all those organisms are always changing a little bit 00:36:40 and so one day the moment comes when that organism cannot do what it used to do to survive if it does what it knows how to do it dies 00:36:54 but it doesn't know how to do anything else
the definition of a double bind is that you have a a problem a bind 00:35:07 in one context and you can't actually solve it in that context because it's caught in another context and so you can't solve it in that 00:35:20 context because it's caught in these other contexts
for: definition, definition - double bind
definition: double bind
comment
Moloch is a coordination failure where rational choices of individuals produce positive short-term effects for themselves at the expense of producing negative long-term effects for everyone, i.e. self-termination of humanity. Thus, Moloch is a system dynamics that is a cumulation of all the n-th order side effects that result from the totality of all self-interested "intelligent" action of all humans.
for: Moloch, definition, definition - Moloch, trancontextual decontextualised reductionism, Nora Bateson
comment
analogical reasoning
for: definition, definition - analogical reasoning
definition: analogical reasoning
the idea of evolutionary convergence is relatively simple it's the idea that similar environmental conditions can give rise 00:09:05 to similar biological adaptations
for: definition, definition - evolutionary convergence, evolutionary convergence
definition: evolutionary convergence
Plex is a scientific philosophy. Instead of claiming that science is so powerfulthat it can explain the understanding of understanding in question, we takeunderstanding as the open question, and set about to determine what scienceresults. [It turns out to be precisely the science we use every day, so nothingneed be discarded or overturned - but many surprises result. Some very simpleexplanations for some very important scientific observations arise naturally inthe course of Plex development. For example, from the First Definition, thereare several Plex proofs that there was no beginning, contrary to StephenHawking's statement that "this idea that time and space should be finite withoutboundary is just a proposal: it cannot be deduced from some other principle."(A Brief History of Time, p. 136.) The very concept of a "big bang" is strictlyan inherent artifact of our science's view of the nature of nature. There was no"initial instant" of time.]Axioms are assumptions. Plex has no axioms - only definitions. (Only) Noth-ing is assumed to be known without definition, and even that is "by definition" ,
It doesn't claim that science can explain everything, but rather, it uses science to explore and understand our understanding of the world. The surprising part is that the science it uses is the same science we use daily, so nothing new needs to be learned or old knowledge discarded.
One example of a surprising discovery made through Plex is that, contrary to Stephen Hawking's theory, there was no beginning to time and space. This contradicts the popular "big bang" theory, which suggests there was an initial moment when time and space began. According to Plex, this idea of a "big bang" is just a result of how our current science views the nature of the universe.
Plex also differs from other scientific approaches in that it doesn't rely on axioms, which are assumptions made without proof. Instead, Plex only uses definitions, meaning it only accepts as true what can be clearly defined and understood.
We're saying let's consider the concept of a "big bang". In traditional science, we might assume the existence of a "big bang" like this:
instead of thinking
big_bang = True
But in Plex, we would only accept the "big bang" if we can define it:
python
def big_bang():
# Define what a "big bang" is
# If we can't define it, then it doesn't exist in Plex
pass
Let's not assume reality but rather just try to define the elements we need to use
this other sort of development also happened in the last couple years just clip models um and this enables us to do predictive 00:09:47 modeling across domains um what do I mean by that it means that you can understand and provide the model information in one modality and it can essentially translate it into another
for: definition, definition - CLIP models
definition: CLIP model
CommGrid
for: definition, definition - CommGrid, definition - commoning electricity grids
definition: CommGrid
We define a FET as either a MET or a MCT that is absolutely necessary, yet insufficient alone, to set into motion a cascade of events that result in a MST.
for: definition, definition - FET
definition: FET
example: FET
We define such remarkable morphological adaptations as Major Competitive Transitions (MCTs), while acknowledging the definition’s subjective nature.
for: definition, definition - MCT, definition - major competitive transition
definition: major competitive definition
there are two broad classes of adaptations that qualify as gains in “organismal complexity” and constitute METs.
for: definition, definition - fusions, definition - information leap, organismal complexity, fusions, information leap, traditional METs
paraphrase
The field of sensory ecology is based on studying the sensory systems of animals in order to understand what they perceive in their environments and how that is going to affect their interactions with that environment (Dangles et al. 2009).
for: definition, definition - sensory ecology
definition: sensory ecology
reference: Dangles et al. 2009
in the Middle Ages, and still in the usual meanings of words in English, transcendent and transcendental are almost synonymous. It means beyond, beyond what? Beyond appearances. Beyond experience. Something that explains experience, but it's not directly experienced. But Kant distinguished between the two meanings. 00:08:30 He said, as soon as we posit with the unconditioned, outside of all possible experience, the ideas become transcendent. So this is the usual meaning of transcendent. Kant uses transcendental in a completely different sense. It's not what is beyond appearances. But what is below appearances. And becomes the condition of possibility 00:08:58 of these appearances. It's from where appearances appear. That is the new sense of transcendental by Kant.
definition: transcendental
perspective shift: transcendental
The case of experience is more tricky because there is no way to get a third person view of experience. 00:06:39 And therefore, you only have experience seen from the first person standpoint. Yet, there are features that are typical of this experience. For instance, the analog of a vanishing point is called by philosophers such as Heidegger, situatedness.
for: experience replaces objects, nondual replaces dual, Heidegger, situatedness
comment
definition start
I draw inspiration and guidance from Václav Havel, the Czech playwright. When he and other cultural dissidents in the 1970s faced a totalizing, repressive system impervious to change – in his case, the totalitarian Czech government – Havel had a counter-intuitive response. He called for the development of a "parallel polis." A parallel polis is a community-created safe space in which people can mutually support each other, directly produce what they need, and build a kind of shadow society – outside of the machinery of the dominant political system.
-for: parallel polis, parallel alternative society, Vaclev Havel, definition, definition - parallel polis
Cultivate a
develop
PLV
Phase-locking value. A statistical measure of the extent to which oscillatory activity in different brain networks is synchronized, for the purpose of determining how interconnected those brain networks are.
. It should be noted that stress can be seen as the inverse of “satisfaction” [22], and is relative to a contextual and non-stationary target.
Self is an illusory modelling construct created by perceptual systems of Agents
paraphrase
comment
“stress” (the delta between current state and optimal state, or the difference between the goals at different subsystems’ levels)
The field of basal cognition [14,15,16,17,18] emphasizes a continuum of intelligence, which originated in the control loops of microbes but was scaled up throughout multicellular forms to the obvious kinds of intelligent behavior observed in advanced animals.
It is wiser to become less foolish instead of more wise, which avoids “wisdom signaling.”
definition: wisdom signaling
comment
Myths among some Apache groups are a unique type of storytelling that we call, “placemaking.”
“Placemaking” whereby the story-telling connects their cultural stories to a physical location that can be visited.
when a myth is grounded to a specific place
A myth is a sacred story that reflects and reinforces a community’s worldview.
This definition does not follow that of the general social connotation this word generally carries. The question is not whether or not it is true or false, but rather, what does a myth say about a society's history/beliefs/opinions/etc?
attempting to write down these previously unwritten myths and stories. In so doing, Anthropologists coined the word ‘folklore’ – since these had been traditional oral traditions passed down from generation to generation.
When a story gets written down it becomes folklore?
Anthropologists define “art” as, “symbolic representations of thought, feeling and ideas.” Art is central to the foundation, establishment, and maintenance of all human societies.
Art is an expression of things that often cannot be easily described by words. Art can be coping mechanisms, art can be part of a process itself. Art can simply be how or why we did something. There is no easy way to define it, so we have established a more contextual definition, but overall, "art" is a very loose term.
definition: symmathesy
comment
definition: symmathesy
comment
solastalgia
These protocols work for both transactional (one to one) and marketing email (one to many or “bulk”).
This “heat dome” phrase is not a common phrase within the scientific community
paraphrase
comment
@exodus/schemasafe can also function in a linter mode, collecting all schema errors instead of throwing on the first one.
Political scientists and political economists argue governments, public servants, the media and indeed the majority of decision-makers and influencers become captured by vested interests.
Life emerged from an out-of-equilibrium thermodynamic process known as dissipative adaptation
Dissipative Adaptation, I should really add this to my vocabulary
One of the core principles of Hermetic philosophy is the principle of Mentalism, which states that all things are created from and expand from the mind.
define spirituality
date: Aug. 23, 2023
comment
triple bottom line
Technological change is an accelerant and acts on the social ills like pouring gasoline on a fire
what is second order science and i'm sure we're gonna again go into it in this like fractal convo but and how does everyone play a role in it
the way we think about a decentralized city is that it's not all in one place um and so if you know you think about cities being built around the dominant technology of the 00:10:37 era uh for the past century that was cars we want to build cities around the dominant technology of this century which is the internet and blockchains and we think how that works is that people will be connected through this 00:10:51 mesh network online and through the dow but then they will actually live in you know physical locations that are spread out all over the world you can think of each of those as like a neighborhood in the city
I can tell you that my experience is that intentional communities are not only not fun, but a disaster. 00:51:53 And one of the reasons they're both not fun and a disaster is that they have a mission statement. They already know where they're going and there's some abstracted map-like idea that everyone thinks that they're cohering to. But then it turns out that everyone actually interpreted that differently and the way they interpreted it yesterday changed. And so that thing becomes 00:52:16 the territory on which you are in polarity with each other and not the thing that you agree about. The thing you fight about most is the mission statement.
The Tweedledums
The Tweedledees
Thus, we seek to build a conceptual evolutionary model of the human socio-ecological system that is consistent with these insights from agricultural systems but is more evolutionary and more general and incorporates extra-somatic energy, defined as energy that is used by humans but not used in direct human metabolism (Price 1995).
die Utopie ist schon in uns, sie ist der handfeste Stoff, aus dem Träume gewoben werden. Das Utopische ist ein Samen in jedem Menschen, aber auch eine historische Erfahrung. Utopisten sind jene, die das Undenkbare aussprechen, um es vorwegzunehmen.
Loss of bone mass, along with microar-chitectural deterioration of the skeleton, leads to enhancedbone fragility and increased fractures—the bone diseaseknown as osteoporosis (1).
Definition of Osteoporosis
If I can pick up on that, Rex is going back to something I said a little bit earlier about unsustainability, or at least unsustainable 00:46:47 behavior being a natural phenomenon, because we are far better than any other species at exploiting our habitats.
Well, I'll say there's a danger in that question. It's a good question and it's a question we should be asking, but there's a danger, and that is that we're going to come up with a model for ecological community and then we're going to make it happen. And that right away violates everything that Nora just pointed out. That's absolutely critically important.
The common definition of a progress trap is derived from the book’s cover text: “..it is the condition in which we find ourselves when science, technology and industry create more problems than they can solve. Often inadvertently.”
snowy peaks problem.
hypostatising abstractions
In other word, "reification" or treating abstractions as if they were concrete real events or physical entities.
memory engrams in the brain
A theoretical construct in neuroscience/neuropsychology that is
a unit of cognitive information imprinted in a physical substance, theorized to be the means by which memories are stored[1] as biophysical or biochemical[2] changes in the brain or other biological tissue, in response to external stimuli. (wiki)
Cf. this note to a 2015 neuroscience paper that purports that it's been "found/discovered".
XMI is a standard which defines how to serialise object instances. Although XML is a very good way to store information in a tree structured way, it is not object oriented. XMI extends XML to make it object oriented.
Sometimes it refers to an abstract formalization of the objects and relationships found in a particular application domain
A data model[1][2][3][4][5] is an abstract model that organizes elements of data and standardizes how they relate to one another and to the properties of real-world entities.
So where do priors come from? They are engineering assumptions, chosen to help themachine learn. The flat prior in Figure 2.5 is very common, but it is hardly ever the best prior.You’ll see later in the book that priors that gently nudge the machine usually improve infer-ence. Such priors are sometimes called regularizing or weakly informative priors.They are so useful that non-Bayesian statistical procedures have adopted a mathematicallyequivalent approach, penalized likelihood. These priors are conservative, in that theytend to guard against inferring strong associations between variables.
p. 35 where [[Richard McElreath]] defines [[weakly informative priors]] aka [[regularizing priors]] in [[Bayesian statistics]]. Notes that non-Bayesian methods have a mathematically equivalent approach called [[penalized likelihood]].
How can we accept the physical theory of light and believe at thesame time that information about an external object must be conveyedby light? The latter is implied whenever we say that the object stimulatesthe eye. The outline of an answer was suggested in Chapter 1 (pp. 12-13,14-15). We can escape the paradox by distinguishing between radiantlight and ambient light - that is, between light emitted from an energysource and light reflected by the environment as a source. The convey-ing of information about surfaces by light of the latter kind is conceiv-able. To justify such a theory, however, the known laws of physicaloptics need to be supplemented with quite unfamiliar laws of ecologicaloptics
Argues that distinguishing between
"radiant light" (light emitted from an energy source)
"ambient light" (light reflected by the environment as a source)
resolves issue of - wanting a physical theory of light - wanting info about objects to be conveyed by light
But needs ecological optics to be combined with physical optics to justify this theory.
The difference between energy and information has been emphasizedin all of these chapters but the difference has not yet been made explicit.I have suggested that while energy is relevant to receptor-cells, informa-tion is relevant to organs, and that the stimulus for an organ or a per-ceptual system is of higher order than the stimulus for a cell. The heartof the question, however, is to explain how stimulus energy may carryor contain information. It is not how information might be picked upthat needs to be decided first, but simply whether it exists
Defines - stimulus energy as relevant to [[receptor-cell]]s - stimulus information as relevant to [[organ]] or [[perceptual system]]
A clear distinc-tion has been made between things that are sources of stimulation, eitherin the environment or in a laboratory, and the stimuli themselves. Theformer are objects, events, surfaces, places, substances, pictures, and otheranimals. The latter are patterns and transformations of energy at re-ceptors. A stimulus may specify its source, but it is clearly not the samething as its source.
Defines "stimulus".
In speaking, painting, sculpting, and writing, the human animal learnedto make sources of stimulation for his fellows, and to stimulate himselfin doing so. These sources, admittedly, are of a special sort, unlike thesources in the "natural" environment. They are "artificial" sources. Theygenerate a new kind of perception in man, which might be called knowl-edge, or perception at second hand. The so-called accumulation of knowl-edge in a society of men, however, depends wholly on communication,
on ways of getting stimuli to the sense organs of individuals.
Defines "knowledge" as "perception at second hand".
The atmosphere, then, is a medium. A medium permits more or lessunhindered movements of animals and displacements of objects. Funda-mentally, I suggest, this is what is meant by "space." But a medium hasother equally important properties. It also permits the flou; of informa-tion. It permits the flux of light, it transmits vibration, and it mediatesthe diffusion of volatile substances. Only by illumination do animals"see" things, only by vibration do they "hear" things, and only by diffu-sion do they "smell" things. I shall argue that in these three ways variousproperties of a thing are broadcast, as it were, when it is illuminated, orvibrating, or chemically volatile.
Gives definition of "medium": - allows animals move - allows objects get displaced - allows the "flow of information"
Penrose is a framework for specifying how mathematical statements should be interpreted as visual diagrams. A clean separation between abstractmathematical objects and their visual representation provides new capabilities beyond existing code- or GUI-based tools. Here, for instance, the same set ofstatements (left) is given three different visual interpretations (right), via Euclidean, spherical, and hyperbolic geometry. (Further samples are shown in Fig. 29.)
A definition of what Penrose is.
As for meter, Arom adds that “it is in fact the most elementary manifestationof rhythm,” 17 made of identical durations with regular stress patterns.
“The pulse, as it has just been defined, is notrhythm. Rhythm is created by a succession of sound events with contrastingfeatures. This contrast may be generated by accents, timbres and durations.”15This is how these three components operate:
Accents: Contrast is created by means of highlighting certain elements of the music, either regularly or irregularly. When timbre or duration are not at play, accents are the only rhythmic criteria. Timbre: Contrast is produced by hearing/playing different tone colors in turn, either regularly or irregularly. When accents or duration are not at play, timbre is the only rhythmic criterion. Duration: Contrast is produced by the succession of unequal time val- ues. When accents or timbre are not at play, durations are the only rhythmic criteria. 16 As for meter, Arom adds that “it is in fact the most elementary manifestation of rhythm,” 17 made of identical durations with regular stress patterns. Fred Lerdahl and Ray Jackendoff suggest other definitions of the accent, of which they see three types: