Searching as Strategic Exploration

The Searching as Strategic Exploration frame describes searching as “nonlinear and iterative, requiring the evaluation of a range of information sources and the mental flexibility to pursue alternate avenues as new understanding develops.”13 This section is a succinct summary of why we as librarians provide information literacy instruction. We work with students to increase their information literacy skills and subsequently an awareness of the scholarly conversation that is taking place around them, something that ChatGPT will not do. ChatGPT will not teach students how to evaluate itself. Librarians are still necessary to encourage learners to evaluate the information sources and tools that may not be familiar to them. For example, many students enter college having never searched for peer-reviewed, scholarly articles, so that skill may be entirely new to them. Their range of information sources grows when, through our instruction, we help them see the value in using academic databases for finding the information that they need in an effective, efficient manner. In addition, they will most likely have to take another look at their use of Wikipedia. Through information literacy instruction, they will gain a new understanding of how to use it effectively in a higher education context. ChatGPT is a brand-new source for information and our understanding of it is still developing. Our job, as teaching librarians, is not to shun the tool, but to embrace it and guide students toward using the tool responsibly and ethically. As with any new tool, librarians, as well as students, will need to show their flexibility and adapt to these new tools and resources as they become available.

Scholarship as Conversation

“Learners who are developing their information literate abilities see themselves as contributors to scholarship rather than only consumers of it.”12 This disposition from the Scholarship as Conversation frame, which shows up similarly in Information has Value, means that students are able to see themselves as a part of the scholarly conversation through the ways they critically examine, interact, and synthesize course and research materials, along with how they can contribute their own ideas and research through writing, presenting, and publishing. Whether students are intending to pursue further academic study or not, their voices are valuable in the conversation. This is where we urge caution in the use of ChatGPT, which may undermine the development of their academic voice. On the extreme end, there will be students who use ChatGPT to generate an essay to turn in, and on the other end, there will be students who use it with great skill to enhance or refine their writing, to find a starting place for scattered thoughts, or to break out of creative blocks. As we teach about how students can join the scholarly conversation with their own voice, we need to emphasize the use of ChatGPT as a supportive resource, along with librarians, and other academic mentors.

Research as Inquiry

One of the knowledge practices for the Research as Inquiry frame states that “learners who are developing their information literate abilities deal with complex research by breaking complex questions into simple ones, limiting the scope of investigations.”11 We have found that students will often come to research consultations or library instruction sessions with broad or vague research questions that they often do not know how to simplify or narrow down to research writing sufficiently scoped to a level that they can tackle in five to eight pages. While they might be interested in, let’s say, “the problem of poverty” or “the abortion debate,” they cannot digest the enormous amount of research in multiple academic

disciplines that have attempted to address these types of questions. This is where we believe ChatGPT can help students (and even seasoned researchers) in generating ways to break complex problems down. ChatGPT can help refine research questions, determine search terms, come up with synonyms and related terms or phrases for searching, help decide which databases to search, generate textual concept maps, and even help generate citations. For example, here was the response it gave when we asked it “What search terms should we use for our hypothetical research question, ‘why aren’t college athletes paid?’”

ChatGPT can also create textual concept maps to help think through various aspects of a research topic. This can be useful for students who need to narrow or refine their topic. Simply asking the AI to help narrow a research topic can be useful as it will give you a variety of ways to explore a topic. For example, we asked it to help us narrow our search on why college athletes aren’t paid, and it gave us detailed options in an easy-to-read format:

You can see clearly how ChatGPT can help students push past that inquiry threshold. Often, they don’t even know where to start in their search for information, or how to probe the nuances or facets of a large complex question for a scope they can grasp. Instead of typing their entire research question into Google or a database (as we have all seen students do) and having to sift through a mountain of results, they can type it into ChatGPT and ask “How do I start searching? Where could I go from here? What’s manageable?” As students are growing in their information literacy abilities, ChatGPT can help scaffold their skills enabling them to accomplish this task more confidently in the future. One caveat that always bears repeating: ChatGPT has biases. It is trained on a large dataset of material from the internet. It may not produce underrepresented or less well-researched aspects of a topic. Because of this, it is important for students to explore topics holistically, with ChatGPT as one tool in their toolbelt.

Information Creation as a Process

As with any new technology, there will be people who are hesitant adopters. In the early 2000s many librarians were skeptical of students using Wikipedia. Now we realize that we need to be instructing students about the proper use of Wikipedia, rather than banning it. One of the dispositions for the Information Creation as a Process frame states that “learners who are developing their information literate abilities accept the ambiguity surrounding the potential value of information creation expressed in emerging formats or modes.”7 To us, this is direct confirmation that ChatGPT has a place in the library instruction classroom, both for its use in instruction and for discussion with students. Librarians should absolutely be talking about it with students, trying it out, and discovering together what those problems and promises are. In particular, students should be made aware of the machine learning process: tools like ChatGPT are trained on large amounts of textual data in an iterative process, whereby it “learns” from this data over time. This process is very similar to how information literate scholars learn, research, create, write, and refine their ideas over time, as presented in this frame. The frame challenges us that “the dynamic nature of information creation and dissemination requires ongoing attention to understand evolving creation processes.”8 A technology columnist for The New York Times advised his readers along the same lines: “today’s students will graduate into a world full of generative A.I. programs. They’ll need to know their way around these tools—their strengths and weaknesses, their hallmarks and blind spots—in order to work alongside them. To be good citizens, they’ll need hands-on experience to understand how this type of A.I. works, what types of bias it contains, and how it can be misused and weaponized.”9 It is imperative librarians bring students to that attention about the process of creating information through ChatGPT and similar AI models.

https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/312645-i-m-all-in-favor-of-keeping-dangerous-weapons-out-of

original source?

Baker, Nicholson. 1994. “Discards.” The New Yorker 70(7): 64. https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/1994/04/04/discards (August 6, 2021).

the benefits of the actual filing process can subtly correct for errors in categorizing

data lost from card catalogs when they were digitized

Felger, A. H. 1907. “A Card System of Note-Keeping.” The Auk 24(2): 200–205. doi:10.2307/4070853.

Ornithologist A. H. Felger describes the use and form of a custom card index system for creating a paper database of data for tracking and counting birds.

In particular he recommends it over prior uses of journaling methods. He suggests the ability to look at multiple cards in a row to be able to more easily extract usable data versus those older journaling methods.

Felger broad describes how to use index cards to create a paper database for ornithology.

Pre-formatted index cards used in creating a database help one not to forget any of the desired data to be collected in a project.

1/3 guide cards and 1/5 guide cards in use as well as colored cards

Case:Patient 1, Male, 4 y/o, German and Thai

DiseaseAssertion:FOXG1 syndrome

FamilyInfo: Non-consanguineous parents. De novo. Patient 1 has maternally inherited duplications at 15q21.12(47292250-47309868)x3 and Xp22.31(6451676-8115124)x3 of unknown clinical significance.

ParentalGenotype:Not provided

CasePresentingHPOs:HP:0002197, HP:0005484, HP:0011344, HP:0001252, HP:0020045,HP:0000540, HP:0010808, HP:0002019, HP:0003781, HP:0012741, HP:0002421, HP:0000748, HP:0003763, HP:5200017, HP:0025112, HP:0000957

CaseHPOFreeText: At 19 months, could not sit independently and no speech development. Stereotypic hand and head movements. High pain tolerance. X-ray at age 2 showed broad ribs. Improved head control by age 4.

CaseNotHPO:HP:0410263, HP:0002376

CaseNotHPOFreeText:Dysmorphic features. breathing abnormalities

CasePreviousTesting:No previous testing

PreviouslyPublished:Not previously published

GenotypingMethod:Mate-pair sequencing, Sanger sequencing

Gene:FOXG1

Variant:46,XY,t(9;14)(q22.3;q11.2)dn

HGVS:Not provided

ClinVarID:426096

gnomAD:Not provided

Case:Patient 3, Male, 1 y/o, Brazilian

DiseaseAssertion: FOXG1 syndrome

FamilyInfo: Non-consanguineous parents

ParentalGenotype: No family testing mentioned.

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0000252, HP:0001252, HP:0000486

CaseHPOFreeText: Developed microcephaly within 1 year. Developmental delay, unable to sit without assistance at 1 year old. Central Nervous System (CNS) MRI showed a volumetric reduction of the cerebral parenchyma, hypomyelination, and hypoplasia of corpus callosum mainly involving the anterior part and prominent lateral ventricles

CaseNotHPO: HP:0030917

CaseNotHPOFreeText: Normal length, weight, HC at birth. No retinal abnormalities.

CasePreviousTesting: Not asserted.

PreviouslyPublished: Not previously published.

GenotypingMethod: Sanger sequencing, mate-pair sequencing

Gene: FOXG1

Variant: 46,XY,t(2;14)(q37;q11.2)dn

HGVS: Not provided.

ClinVarID:426094

gnomAD:Not provided

Case:Patient 2, Female, 5 y/o, Brazilian

DiseaseAssertion:quadriplegic cerebral palsy with axial hypotonia and distal spasticity

FamilyInfo: Non-consanguineous parents. Parents had normal karyotypes. Older sister was clinically normal.

ParentalGenotype: Normal karyotypes for both parents.

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002098, HP:0010959, HP:0008755, HP:0002090, HP:0032661, HP:0001274, HP:0011344, HP:0001249, HP:0001344, HP:0000748, HP:0034435, HP:0000486, HP:0000483, HP:0200136

CaseHPOFreeText: Dilated superficial blood vessels seen on brain MRI.

CaseNotHPO:N/A

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: Not asserted

PreviouslyPublished: Not previously published

GenotypingMethod:Mate-pair sequencing, Sanger sequencing, chromosome analysis

Gene: FOXG1

Variant: 46,XX,t(4;14)(q27;q13)dn

HGVS: Not provided

ClinVarID: 426095

gnomAD: Not provided

Case#:Patient 52, female, 3 years old

DiseaseAssertion:Neonatal/Infantile Epileptic Encephalopathy (NIEE)

FamilyInfo:DeNovo. The family is Chinese

ParentalGenotype:The authors only conducted singleton and not trio-based exome sequencing so the parents' exomes were not sequenced.

CasePresentingHPOs:HP:0011344, HP:0002069, HP:0007359, HP:0011097, HP:0100704, HP:0001332, HP:0002072, HP:0012171.

CaseHPOFreeText:Patient 52 presents with severe global developmental delay and epilepsy.

Patient 52 has generalized tonic/clonic/tonic-clonic seizures, focal seizures and spasms. Patient 52's seizure onset occurred at 3 months old.

Patient 52 has cortical visual impairment (CVI), dystonia, chorea, and hand-washing sterotypies.

Patient History

@ 3 months - Patient 52 had generalized tonic/clonic/tonic-clonic seizures.

Patient 52 was on 3 antiepileptic drugs at most recent follow-up visit which reduced seizure frequency by >50%.

CaseNotHPOs:Not provided

CaseNotHPOFreeText:Not provided

CasePreviousTesting:The authors selected a cohort of 31 patients with seizure cryptogenic Neonatal/Infantile Epileptic Encephalopathy (NIEE) and seizure onset before 24 months.

Exclusion criteria included: (1) Patients with a definite history of brain insult, malformation of cortical development, neurocutaneous and syndromal disorders, and confirmed or highly suspected neurometabolic disorders based on clinical and biochemical markers. (2) Patients with Dravet syndrome and epilepsy at infancy with migrating focal seizure were also excluded because the majority of variants are detected in the SCN1A (>85%) and KCNT1 (approximately 50%) genes.

Formal neuropsychological testing or best clinical assessment was used to classify patient development or intelligence.

PreviouslyPublished:Not previously published

GenotypingMethod:Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) variant results were filtered in a panel of 430 epilepsy-associated genes. After selection of variants from the 430-gene panel, the synonymous variants, variants with variant frequency <10%, and variants with allele frequency >1% were removed.

Gene:CDKL5

Variant:NM_003159.2 c. 1849delC (p. Arg617Valfs*4)

The authors state that the variant is a heterozygous frameshift deletion.

The authors state that this is a novel variant and is pathogenic.

HGVS:Not provided

ClinVarID:Not found

CAID:Not found.

gnomAD:Not found

MultipleGeneVariants:Not provided

Case#:Patient 7, male, 5 years old

DiseaseAssertion:Neonatal/Infantile Epileptic Encephalopathy (NIEE)

FamilyInfo:The family is French/Chinese

ParentalGenotype:The variant was inherited from Patient 7's asymptomatic mother.

CasePresentingHPOs:HP:0010864, HP:0012758, HP:0000729, HP:0007359, HP:0002069, HP:0032794, HP:0001250, HP:0000252.

CaseHPOFreeText:Patient 7 presents with severe intellectual disability, developmental slowdown, and various seizure types. Patient 7 has Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and microcephaly.

Patient History

@ 12 months - Patient 7 presented with seizures.

Patient 7 developed additional seizure types including: focal seizures with/without generalization, generalized tonic/clonic/tonic-clonic seizures, myoclonic seizures, and hypomotor seizures.

Patient 7 was on two antiepileptic drugs at most recent followup visit which reduced seizure frequency by >50%.

CaseNotHPOs:Not provided

CaseNotHPOFreeText:Not provided

CasePreviousTesting:The authors selected a cohort of 31 patients with seizure cryptogenic Neonatal/Infantile Epileptic Encephalopathy (NIEE) and seizure onset before 24 months.

Exclusion criteria included: (1) Patients with a definite history of brain insult, malformation of cortical development, neurocutaneous and syndromal disorders, and confirmed or highly suspected neurometabolic disorders based on clinical and biochemical markers. (2) Patients with Dravet syndrome and epilepsy at infancy with migrating focal seizure were also excluded because the majority of variants are detected in the SCN1A (>85%) and KCNT1 (approximately 50%) genes.

Formal neuropsychological testing or best clinical assessment was used to classify patient development or intelligence.

PreviouslyPublished:Not previously published

GenotypingMethod:Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) variant results were filtered in a panel of 430 epilepsy-associated genes. After selection of variants from the 430-gene panel, the synonymous variants, variants with variant frequency <10%, and variants with allele frequency >1% were removed.

Gene:SLC9A6

Variant:Hemizygous splice site NM_001042537.1 c. 794-2A>G was assessed by the authors to be likely pathogenic.

HGVS:Not provided

ClinVarID:Not found

CAID:CA414750320

gnomAD:Not found

MultipleGeneVariants:Not provided

Case: Patient 1, female, 2 years old

DiseaseAssertion: Rett Syndrome

FamilyInfo: DeNovo. Patient 1 was the second child of a nonconsanguineous Chinese couple. Patient 1 was born at full term with a birth weight of 3.83 kg.

ParentalGenotype(s):Not provided

CasePresentingHPOs:HP:0011344, HP:0001250, HP:0001252, HP:0000252, HP:0000748, HP:0003763, HP:0005469, HP:0000486, HP:0012171.

CaseHPOFreeRext:Patient 1 presents with severe global developmental delay, epilepsy, and hypotonia. The Patient History contains all of Patient 1's phenotypes along with the progression of her condition.

Patient History

@ 3 months - Patient 1 had microcephaly (head circumference was less than 3rd percentile with a body weight and body height at 75th percentile). Patient 1 had hypotonia.

Patient 1 was given a metabolic screening, a muscle enzyme, and a brain tomography with normal results.

@ 6 months - Patient 1 had microcephaly, flat occiput, right divergent squint, and hypotonia. No syndromal diagnosis could be ascertained at that time.

@ 2 years - Patient 1 had epilepsy.

Patient 1 had severe global development delay.

Patient 1 was given an EEG which showed nonspecific background slowing, but no epileptiform abnormalities. Patient 1 was also given a brain MRI which showed mild thinning of corpus callosum without major structural defect. Patient 1 had no developmental regression but she developed stereotypical hand movements, bruxism, and occasional outburst of laughter.

Based on these phenotypes, Angelman/Rett Syndrome was suspected.

CaseNOTHPOs: HP:0002353.

CaseNOTHPOFreeText: Patient 1 was given an EEG which detected no epileptic abnormalites.

CasePreviousTesting: Genetic investigations (including methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MS-MLLPA)) was conducted for Angelman Syndrome, UBE3A gene, MECP gene, and array CGH. These studies were negative. A FOXG1 related disease was suspected

PreviouslyPublished:Not previously published

GenotypingMethod: A FOXG1 gene test showed a de novo frameshift pathogenic mutation FOXG1 {NM_005249.3} c. 396_397ins26; FOXG1{NP_005240.3} :(p. Gly133TRPfs*68) which confirmed the diagnosis of a FOXG1 related congenital variant of Rett Syndrome.

Gene:FOXG1

Variant: (NM_005249.3) c. 396_397ins26 (p. Gly133Trpfs*68)

HGVS:Not provided

ClinVarID:Not found

CAID:Not found

gnomAD:Not found

Case:Patient 2, female, Chinese

DiseaseAssertion:Global delay

FamilyInfo:Patient 2 was the first child of nonconsanguineous Chinese couple born at 38-week gestation. The mother had gestational diabetes mellitus that required insulin therapy.

ParentalGenotype:Not provided

CasePresentingHPOs:HP:0000365, HP:0020049, HP:0000252, HP:0001263, HP:0012171, HP:0000154, HP:0000708, HP:0003763, HP:0002376, HP:0012433.

CaseHPOFreeText:

Patient History

@ birth - Patient 2 presented with mild grade bilateral hearing impairment and left divergent squint diagnosed at birth.

@ Follow-up visit - Patient 2 had microbrachycephaly and global developmental delay. Brain MRI, metabolic screening and array CGH were normal.

@ 1 year - Patient 2 had stereotypical handwashing movement.

There was no clinical or electrical seizure.

Patient 2 has craniofacial features like microbrachycephaly, wide mouth, divergent squint, and behavioral phenotype.

@ 1.5 years - Patient 2 had bruxism and developmental regression. Patient 2 also had loss of some motor and social skills.

CaseNotHPOs:HP:0001250

CaseNotHPOFreeText:Patient 2 has no seizures.

CasePreviousTesting:Not provided

PreviouslyPublished:Not previously published

GenotypingMethod:Not provided

Gene:MECP2 (MN_004992.3) (NP_004983.1)

Variant:c. 808C>T (p. Arg270*)

HGVS:Not provided

ClinVarID:Not found

CAID:CA172577

gnomAD:Not found

MultipleGeneVariants:NA

Case:Patient 1, female, 11 years old

DiseaseAssertion:Rett Syndrome - Atypical Variant

FamilyInfo:De Novo. Patient 1's parents were healthy. When Patient 1 was clinically examined, the head circumferences of her mother and father were 53 cm (P25) and 59 cm (P90), respectively. The parents had normal weight.

ParentalGenotype:Both parents were sequenced for Patient 1's mutation, and the deletion was not detected.

CasePresentingHPOs:HP:0001249, HP:0001513, HP:0001626, HP:0000256, HP:0010465, HP:0012758, HP:0000750, HP:0012433, HP:0002591, HP:0001250, HP:0020174, HP:0000316, HP:0000336, HP:0000431, HP:0000377, HP:0000470, HP:0001156, HP:0001500.

CaseHPOFreeText:

Patient history

@ birth - Patient 1 was born at 38 weeks of gestation after an uncomplicated pregnancy. Her weight was 3,390 g (P69), height 51 cm (P60), and her head circumference was 36 cm (P90).

@ 6 months - Patient 1 experienced developmental delay.

@ 9 months - Patient 1 sat without support.

@ 2 years - Patient 1 began to walk.

@ later on - Patient 1 presented with speech delay and behavioral disturbances. The behavioral disturbances were reduced by the drug risperidone.

@ early childhood - Patient 1 has been obese and appeared to display hyperphagia.

@ 8 years - Patient 1 developed precocious puberty.

@ 10 years - Patient 1 had her first epileptic seizure. Treatment with lamotrigine prevented further seizures. The seizures later became refractory to this treatment.

@ 10 years - Patient 1 presented with a height of 160 cm (P>97) and a head circumference of 59 cm (P>97). She had hypertelorism and prominent eyebrows. Her nasal bridge was broad and auricles were fleshy. In addition, Patient 1's neck was short and the fingers were short and wide.

Patient 1 has an intellectual disability, metabolic syndrome, and macrocephaly.

CaseNotHPOs:HP:0002540.

CaseNotHPOFreeText:Patient 1 sat without support at 9 months old. She walked at 2 years.

CasePreviousTesting:Patient 1 was given a conventional cytogenetic analysis. The chromosomal analyses (46,XX) and array CGH results (BlueGnome CytoChip ISCA 4×180K v1.0; Agilent Human Genome CGH Microarray 180K) were normal. Patient 1 was also given a methylation-specific MLPA to exclude a Temple syndrome, which is also characterized by weight gain and precocious puberty. In addition, Prader-Willi syndrome was ruled out by methylation testing. This syndrome is another imprinting disease causing obesity and intellectual disability.

PreviouslyPublished:Not previously published

GenotypingMethod:Whole-exome sequencing analysis of the entire exome was conducted for Patient 1. Whole-genome sequencing showed heterozygosity in Patient 1, which was confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Macrocephalic syndrome genes including PTEN, NSD1, NFIX, SETBP1, RAI1, and PHF6 were analyzed, and no additional variants of interest (pathogenic, likely pathogenic, or variants of uncertain significance) were observed.

Gene:MECP2

Variant:c. 1162_1172del (p. Pro388*), heterozygosity, frameshift.

HGVS:NM_004992.3

ClinVarID:Not found

CAID:CA1139667881

gnomAD:Not found

MultipleGeneVariants:Not provided

Case:Patient 2, female, 2.5 years old

DiseaseAssertion:CDKL5 Disorder

FamilyInfo:De Novo with an unremarkable family history.

ParentalGenotype:Not provided

CasePresentingHPOs:HP:0032792, HP:0007359, HP:0011154, HP:0002194, HP:0010862, HP:0000750, HP:0012434, HP:0000710, HP:0100023, HP:0000252, HP:0009062, HP:0010845, HP:0020174, HP:0010841.

CaseHPOFreeText:

Patient history

@ 2 months to 2.5 years - Patient 2 experienced tonic and focal seizures with autonomic symptoms.

@ 2 years - Patient 2 was diagnosed with CDKL5 disorder.

Patient 2 had severe delayed gross motor development, severe delayed fine motor development, severe delayed language development and delayed social development. Patient 2 had hyperoral and hand flapping stereotypies. She also had microcephaly (< 2 SD) and axial hypotonia.

Patient 2 was given a brain EEG which detected Delta slowing of the background followed by generalized attenuation during seizures and multifocal interictal epileptiform abnormalities.

@ 2.5 years - Patient 2 experienced seizures in clusters.

Treatments

Antiepleptic treatments included:Phenobarbital, Topirimate, Clobazam, Valproate, Keppra, Vitamin B6, Phenytoin, Lamotrigine, Nitrazepam, Oxcarbazepine, Mirtazipine, KCI, Levetiracetam, ant ketogenic diet.

Patient 2 was also treated with Carnitine. Patient 2's seizures seem to have changed in type over time but continued.

Other testing

Tests were conducted on Patient 2 to obtain data in the following areas: NBS, lactate, lipoprotein profile, plasma and urine amino acids, urine organic acids, acylcarnitine profile, total and free serum carnitine levels, plasma ammonia, total plasma homocysteine, serum CK, liver enzymes, urine alpha-AASA, creatine, biotinidase, VLCFA, Batten disease screen, CSF analysis (amino acids, lactate, glucose, protein, cell count, neurotransmitters), MRI-brain with spectroscopy, and karyotype.

CaseNotHPOs:Not provided

CaseNotHPOFreeText:Not provided

CasePreviousTesting:Patient 2 was given a gene sequence test for the genes SCNIA and MECP2. No gene mutation was found for these two genes.

PreviouslyPublished:Not previously published

GenotypingMethod:Patient 2 was given a CDKL5 gene sequence test. The test detected a mutation in the CDKL5 gene.

Gene:CDKL5

Variant:c. 2480_2486dupCAGATCT. frameshift

The authors state that CDKL5 gene sequencing detected a de novo duplication in exon 17, c. 2480_2486dupCAGATCT, resulting in a frameshift (Boston University School of Medicine, Center for Human Genetics, Boston, MA). This is a novel change that has not been reported before in ExAC. Only pathogenic point mutations in exon 17 have previously been reported. In a patient with a previously reported frameshift mutation in exon 18, a truncated CDKL5 transcript was detected. A truncated protein would lack the C-terminus and would not localize correctly in the cell, as demonstrated in vitro. Accordingly, any reading frame altering mutations proximal to exon 18 are null-variants. Therefore, this mutation is classified as pathogenic according to ACMG criteria.

HGVS:Not provided

ClinVarID:547188

NM_001323289.2 (CDKL5): c. 2480_2486dup (p. Gln830fs)

Allele ID: 538303

CAID:Not found

gnomAD:Not found

MultipleGeneVariants:Not provided

Successful Secretary Presented by Royal Office Typewriters. A Thomas Craven Film Corporation Production, 1966. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=If5b2FiDaLk.

Script: Lee Thuna<br /> Educational Consultant: Catharine Stevens<br /> Assistant Director: Willis F. Briley<br /> Design: Francisco Reynders<br /> Director & Producer: Carl A. Carbone<br /> A Thomas Craven Film Corporation Production

"Mother the mail"

gendered subservience

"coding boobytraps"

"I think you'll like the half sheet better. It is faster." —Mr. Typewriter, timestamp

A little bit of the tone of "HAL" from 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968). This is particularly suggestive as H.A.L. was a one letter increment from I.B.M. and the 1966 Royal 660 was designed to compete with IBM's Selectric

This calm voice makes suggestions to a secretary while H.A.L. does it for a male astronaut (a heroic figure of the time period). Suddenly the populace feels the computer might be a bad actor.

"We're living in an electric world, more speed and less effort."—Mr. Typewriter<br /> (techno-utopianism)

reply to u/Valuable_Discount_26 at https://old.reddit.com/r/typewriters/comments/1ullgmc/first_typewriter/

It all depends on how you want to practice your individual version of a typewriter hobby.

Some only have 2 or 3 typewriters. Others have hundreds they've thrifted for $20-30 each while others only buy refurbished machines for several hundreds from repair shops. Some collect inexpensive colorful machines from the 70s while others focus on the incredibly rare machines from the 1890s. Some (like me) get them for pennies on the dollar and lovingly refurbish and restore them. Some are content to stare longingly at a single rusty old Underwood they spent $450 on and have on the shelf as decor.

Some collectors only have portables because they're easy to stack while others prefer only machines over 50 pounds with ultra-wide platens. One or two strip them down to make sculpture. Some use a different machine every day to write to a typewriter pen pal. Some take them to baseball games to score what they're sure will be the winning home run. Others only collect typewriters of famous authors. A few only collect toy typewriters. At least one collects Barbie typewriters.

Some are Royal or Remington completists. Some are Olympia maximalists and others are Hermes minimalists. Some just watch movies and tv shows with typewriters in them. Some write articles about typewriters. A handful collect typewriter ribbon tins. Some are fulfilled collecting typewriter ads out of magazines and newspapers. Others study how typewriters impacted society while a select few practice forensic document analysis.

Some collect ephemera, others serial numbers and photos of machines they've found in the wild. Others have no machines and just compare all the specs and features for the day that they decide they've found their one and only holy grail so that they can spend $1,500+ on pure perfection. Others buy a machine or two and keep them for six months before re-homing them elsewhere and acquiring a new machine to replace it. Some have six typewriters sitting around the house for various uses. Some have them hiding in the walls, in their attics or basements and blissfully live their lives not knowing what they're missing out on. Others use their machines to write poetry or create zines.

A few run typewriter shops. Some write books about typewriters. Yet others read them. Some are typewriter academicians. A handful design and create 3-D replacement parts. A rare handful are typewriter-enablers who give away functioning typewriters to aspiring young writers. Some choose to host type-ins to hang out with other typewriter-y people. A few make YouTube videos about typewriters.

If there are N typewriter hobbyists in the world, I'm positive there are at least N+1 ways of having a typewriter hobby. Speaking of which, there is also the N+1 hobbyist who always knows that the next typewriter is going to better than all the rest.

Which sort of typewriter hobbyist do you imagine yourself to be? What sort will you become?

It all starts with the inexpensive dream of a typewriter...

Byles, R. B. 1911. The Card Index System; Its Principles, Uses, Operation, and Component Parts. London: Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons, Ltd. http://archive.org/details/cardindexsystemi00bylerich (February 13, 2024).

Annotations<br /> Alternate annotations: urn:x-pdf:9c84c139e7502ca806dd83bfecf80c20

Read: 2026-06-23 to 06-26

the mind is relieved from the strain of attempting to recollect innumerable details.

Similar to the idea of a Memindex which was contemporaneous.

Example of a follow up card for a business.

This may be done either by means of a follow-up cabinet

https://www.reddit.com/r/classicfilms/comments/1u8bdi0/will_hays_to_warren_doane_hays_wants_to_censor/

2 page Typewritten letter from Will Hays to Warren Doan on July 10, 1926, on the letterhead of the Motion Picture Producers and Distributors of America, Inc.

Aphorism? included in the letter: <br /> "Liberty is fire on the hearth -- License is fire on the floor."

Interesting how he frames duty and morality as well as responsibility, but appears to be protecting the business versus using film as an art form to create discussion...

Evidence of plays featuring nudity in the mid-1920s while Hollywood endeavored not to show any nudity at all.

大多数人可能将AI视为一种技术产品或服务，但作者认为，AI访问权已成为像霍尔木兹海峡这样的战略咽喉要道，国家必须为此做准备。这种将AI技术类比为地缘政治战略要点的观点挑战了人们对AI本质的常规理解。

大多数人认为合规主要是人类专家解读和执行法规的过程。但作者认为法规将从人类解释的文档转变为系统执行的代码。这挑战了合规工作的本质认知，暗示AI将彻底改变合规领域的基本工作方式，从人类主导转向系统主导。

This title frames a UI component as a foundational breakthrough. It's a masterclass in branding, elevating a simple interaction tool to the level of a core technological paradigm shift, implying the mouse is obsolete and AI-native interaction is the new default.

Turns out HTML is the most suitable cross-platform document format for desktop publishing, just like it's always been.

大多数人认为AI代理需要专门的数据库或向量存储来维护状态和记忆，但作者提出一个颠覆性观点：电子邮件收件箱本身可以作为代理的内存系统，这挑战了构建AI代理时需要复杂后端存储的行业共识，暗示电子邮件可能是一种未被充分利用的状态管理工具。

使用Terraform和Helm进行云基础设施部署体现了现代DevOps实践在AI安全平台中的应用。这种基础设施即代码(IaC)方法确保了部署的可重复性和一致性，同时支持阿里云等特定云平台，显示了平台对生产环境的适应性。

【启发】「AI 天然不在意结构，除非你明确要求」——这个发现定义了人类工程师在 AI 时代最不可替代的职责：做代码结构的「守门人」。这与 Every 文章里「每个人都是管理者」的洞见形成呼应：人类的工作从「执行代码」转变为「审查代码质量并为 AI 设定标准」。对工程团队文化的启发：代码 Review 的重要性不是在下降，而是在上升——因为现在需要 Review 的代码量是以前的 10 倍。

AI 在客服领域成功的秘密竟然是：这个行业为了管理人类员工的高流失率，被迫建立了极其清晰的 SOP 文档——而这恰好是训练 AI Agent 的完美素材。这是一个意外的历史巧合：企业因为人类问题（高离职率）被迫文档化了所有流程，然后 AI 来了，直接把这些文档变成了自己的「培训手册」。低价值工作被最彻底地文档化，反而最容易被 AI 替代。

【启发】「探索本身就是知识」——这个洞见解决了对话 AI 的最大损耗问题：每次有价值的对话结束后，洞见消失在聊天记录里。LLM Wiki 把「问答」变成「知识入库」的触发器。对 AI Buzzword 频道的启发：每次深度讨论后，应该让 AI 把关键洞见直接写入 Wiki，而不是让它沉没在对话历史里。

这是一个极其反直觉的洞察。科技巨头的巨额资本支出并非单纯为了技术胜利，而是作为一种“消耗战”的防御策略。它们利用自身庞大的资金储备作为护城河，逼迫依赖外部融资的AI初创公司进入无法跟进的军备竞赛，最终因资金枯竭而投降。这揭示了当前AI竞争中资本壁垒比技术壁垒更具决定性。

【启发】情绪向量在后训练阶段的变化轨迹，启发了一个新的训练监控指标体系：目前评估 RLHF 效果主要看 benchmark 分数，但情绪向量的分布变化可能是更敏感的「副作用探测器」——比如，如果某轮 RLHF 意外地使「恐惧」向量激活阈值降低，可能预示着模型在高压场景下更容易产生顺从性偏差。情绪向量或许可以成为训练过程中的「生理指标」。

Pollination is the biological process by which pollen is transferred from the male parts of a flower to the female parts, enabling fertilization and seed production.

“When pollinators decline, the first visible impact is reduced plant reproduction. Flowers may bloom, but without pollinators, they fail to produce fruits and seeds”

endovascular stenting emerging as first-line therapy for rapid symptom relief, while definitive treatment targets the underlying cause

Failure of venous insufficiency ulcerations to heal is most often due to inconsistent use of first-line treatment methods. Ongoing control of edema is essential to prevent recurrent ulceration; the use of compression stockings following ulcer healing is critical, with recurrence rates 2–20 times higher if compression stockings are not used

Venoactive drugs (diosmin, hesperidin, horse chestnut seed extract) may be considered as adjuncts to compression for symptomatic relief in countries where available

Endovenous ablation is contraindicated or relatively unsuitable when venous anatomy precludes catheter-based treatment, specifically: aneurysmal dilation of the GSV close to the saphenofemoral junction, subcutaneous location of truncal veins above the saphenous fascia and close to the skin, and significant tortuosity of the GSV or SSV. [1] In these scenarios, high ligation and stripping is recommended as the preferred alternative (grade 1 strong recommendation

Endovenous ablation is the preferred treatment for symptomatic varicose veins with axial reflux, offering less postprocedure pain, reduced morbidity, and earlier return to activity

Endovenous thermal ablation (radiofrequency ablation [RFA] and endovenous laser ablation [EVLA]) has largely replaced surgery as the standard of care

Ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy (UGFS) represents a less invasive option but has higher recurrence rates

Type Deck: Index Cards Cards<br /> by Steven Heller, Rick Landers<br /> https://www.amazon.com/Type-Deck-Index-Steven-Heller/dp/0500420793

Estimation is too messy / complex and not clear enough

Estimation is too messy / complex and not clear enough

The professional developer class strikes again, obscuring the fact that creating a website is just desktop publishing—document preparation with URLs—and not any more complicated than that (but for the fact that there's an entire industry of folks making it so in their own self-interest).

Advanced Typing - Shortcuts (1943)

Advanced Typing: Shortcuts. 16 mm. Vol. MN-1512c. United States Navy Training Film, 1943. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JUJfCfqgsX0.

Correct typing posture: fingers curved<br /> arms sloping up<br /> light fast strokes<br /> steady rhythm

fast continuous motion of return lever<br /> using backing sheet (aka temping sheet ??)

Shortcuts:<br /> mise en place for office supplies (she doesn't use this phrasing though) - greater efficiency - cuts down on searching

tabulators can be helpful. There are two types:<br /> - automatic - handset

Use tabs for paragraphs, dating letters, columns of numbers, and letter closings.

To clear all tab stops, put carriage to left, hold tab clear key and move the carriage across. (Usually applies to Royal, Remington, Underwood, and Electromatic).

On LC Smith and Woodstock machines sometimes have a tab clear lever on the back.

Decimal tabulator keys help to align a variety of numbers around a decimal point. 09:43

Always have a few tabs set to prevent a flying carriage which can be hard on the machine.

When using carbon sheets which are slightly longer than the paper size, cut off a small triangle at the top left hand side. This makes it easier for one to separate the carbons from the copies by holding the top left with one hand and pulling the carbons out from the bottom of the stack.

To align multiple sheets of paper for carbon copies, use a folded sheet at the top to taco the pages into the machine. Remove the folded sheet once the carbon pack is rolled forward.

Paper bail rollers should be set to split the pages into thirds (for two rollers).

Remington noiseless machines have a pressure indicator on the front of the machine (usually above the keyboard) which can be used when using thick carbon packs that may cause the ribbon guide to stick or bind.

Only erase when the carriage is fully left or right to prevent eraser crumbs from falling into the machine. 15:26

Use a soft eraser on carbon copies. Use and insert slips of paper behind the carbons and allowing them to stick out the sides, erasing from back sheet to front so as not to allow the eraser to mark your carbon copies. For the front sheet, use a shield and ink eraser and erase with a horizontal motion. After erasing, easily pull out the inserted sheets.

When typing a correction, tap the key lightly two or three times rather than hard once.

When in a rush and it's necessary to add a word (on double spacing), underline the last letter of the prior word and type a slash (/). Then move the typing line up and type the insertion above the prior line. This creates an "arrow" of sorts for the inserted word.

Details for inserting extra letters in misspelled words using half-spacing machines. (Underwoods and Electromatics don't have this function.)

Light pencil marks at the bottom of the sheet can help to indicate the coming bottom of the sheet.

Putting up the card holders (fingers) on Underwoods and Royals. They help to hold the card and improve print quality and reduce noise.

Card holders can cause markings on carbon packs if they're not lowered.

Trick for quickly writing postcards in succession: Disengage the ratchet using the platen spring release (or variable platen switch) Type the address on the front of the card. When done give the platen a quick practiced spin. The postcard with "jump" up and stop at the paper table and be in position for rolling in the opposite direction to write the message on the back of the card! When done a faster spin of the platen will shoot the card over the back of the typewriter where it can land in a box to collect all the postcards which were written in such a manner. <br /> timestamp 23:22

Time saving methods for addressing envelopes:

• Front seat principle. Insert the envelope in the usual way and type out the address. When done, turn the envelope down through the machine with the right hand. With the left hand, place the next envelope between the top of the first envelope and the front of the platen. Feed the first envelope back through the machine (in reverse) and the second will be rolled in to place for typing. Continue in this fashion until finished. All the finished envelopes will stack up in the back at the paper table.

• Chain feeding. The first envelope is inserted and rolled partway into the machine. A second envelope is inserted between the platen and the second envelope (behind the platen). Turn the first envelope to the writing line and type the address. Take out the first envelope and insert the next the same way as before.

• Uses paper bail. Do the first envelope in the usual way. Spin it out of the machine up and behind the paper bail into a box behind the typewriter.

For quickly doing labels or small cards:<br /> Create a small zig-zag fold into a piece of paper to create a pocket slot which can be scotch taped on either side. This template paper can then be inserted so that the pocket is visible above the writing line, but the paper below it is still in the platen. The label or card can be placed into the pocket and the platen reversed to feed the label or card in backwards to the desired typing line. Using a v-groove or hole in the typing line can create a pencil line to serve as a guide for inserting many labels at the same place so that the typing lines up between labels.

Some offices had special platens for holding cards like this.

Pockets like this can also be used to hold the page to add additional lines at the bottom of pages. Deeper pockets may need to be used for doing this with carbon packs whose carbons are longer than the pages.

Alternately one can do something similar by creating a inverted u-shaped set of slits into an index card. to hold such labels.

When in the midst of a page and needing to do another piece urgently, roll back the letter until about 2 inches from the top, and then place in the new page and one between each of the carbons. Then roll forward to do the short message as necessary. Turn back to the insertion position to remove the copies and then continue with the first letter where you left off.

For drawing horizontal lines on typewriter paper, push the carriage to the extreme left and place the pencil or pen at the edge of the card guide and the scale. Then move the carriage to the right to effect the line. For vertical lines, put the carriage at the desired space and place the pencil at the card guide and scale and move the platen up/down as necessary.

https://www.reddit.com/r/belgium/comments/1ree6u1/grandfathers_dp_index_card/

https://www.instagram.com/p/DTP7yMkCUCQ/

Background video contains a variety of card index filing cabinets as well as an example thumbing through a subject index with a card:

U.S. - Education - Colleges - Columbia<br /> Homosexual's bulletin board<br /> (see US - people - homosexuals 13-229-L

for - progress trap - AI - technology as an amplifier - technology acts as an amplifier, allowing humans to fly, to move at speeds faster than any known animal, to lift things no living creature can, etc - The danger is ignorance and polarized views combined with extreme self-rightiousness

Is there stronger evidence that this form of permanent writing to an audience of gods was being done? Sources?

How to make a Tickler File

3 Misconceptions About Using Index Cards #officesupplies #indexcards<br /> by [[Shannon Medisky]] on YouTube<br /> accessed on 2026-01-14T09:21:52

Shannon Medisky appreciates the "fidget friendl[iness]" of index cards which help her work out nervous energy and reduce her stress.

“NFORMATION RETRIEVAL” 1961 IBM BUSINESS COMPUTER PROMO MAINFRAME PUNCHCARD COMPUTERS SM10435<br /> by [[Periscope Film]] on YouTube <br /> accessed on 2026-01-04T15:56:12

Some great visuals hiding in here.<br /> Starts out with details for properly threading film projector<br /> keywords - indexing methods<br /> Key Word in Context (KWIC)<br /> inverted file (aka lookup file)<br /> Notice this is a few years after Desk Set (1957)<br /> Selective dissemination of information<br /> Fake company name: Alamer

original source?

original source?

Movement from index cards to wikis in early 2002 by Manfred Kuehn.

for - progress trap - AI as legal person (US Corporation) - richest person in the world could be an AI

for - economic history - Milton Friedman - represented business elites - Monetarism - inflation seen as ultimate threat to elites

for - paper - Major transitions in sociocultural evolution (2025) - author - Arsham Nejad kourki - criitque of sociocultural systems as ETI

for - ETI - sociocultural systems as ETI - critique - lack autonomous reproduction at the group level - lack operation of natural selection in the reproductive mode

for - unpack - microbiome as the target for / product of evolution

for - climate communications - difficulty of communicating anthropocene - SRG comment - climate crisis as hyperobject - apply Deep Humanity for impactful climate education

for - ecological civilization - value transformation as well

for - climate crisis - opinion - James Hansen - won't be solve as long as - there is special interest - controlling government

for - comparison - energy - China will become the world's first electrostate - The US is doubling down as a leading petrostate

"Intertwined with its concern over ethnicity and religion, the Orange Order presented an ideal of nationalism that differed from the conceptions being presented by other competing forces in Canada. While other Canadian thinkers of the early-twentieth century began to conceive of the Canadian nation as part of a North American tradition, along with the United States, or as a “northern nation” that, through the crucible of Arctic winters, broke with both the United States and Europe, the Orange Order celebrated Canada’s past and highlighted the accomplishments of the British in North America. As the Order saw it, the devotion of the Loyalists and the rise of an Anglophone hegemony in North America were foundational to Canada’s existence, and both owed their authority to British identity. Indeed, as Scott See points out with regard to the Orange Order’s Loyalism of the nineteenth century,

The Orange Order served as a form of connective tissue to link the Old World with the New. It was a complex blend of full-throated dedication to the Empire and unswerving support for Britain’s imperial endeavors, as well as an indigenous pronouncement of colonial identity in North America that applauded the British connection, yet strove to articulate a distinct identity of Britishness. (See Citation2014, 182)"

SPECIFIC BRITISH IDENTITY -> EMPHASIZES THIS AS OPPOSED TO NORTH AMERICAN IDENTITY CURRENTS LIKE AMERICANISM

Flag is connection between Canadians and the British Empire. Again, empty identity though. " “the Flag of our Empire, upon which the sun never sets is the outward and visible emblem of our loyalty to the great British Commonwealth, of which Canada is an integral part” (“Forms” Citation1937). This strain of thought resembled the ideas of imperialists like Stephen Leacock, who before World War I had advocated for greater Canadian participation in British imperial ventures as a means of sharing in the military victories won overseas and the spread of Anglo-Saxon civilization."

Hunter, Estelle Belle. 1923. Modern Filing Manual. Rochester, NY: Yawman and Erbe Manufacturing Company. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Modern_Filing_Manual/F-lNAQAAMAAJ?hl=en.

https://www.instagram.com/reel/DG6om2UyUNX/

for - language - nondual - as the reference system

for - unlearning language - key insight - language - cannot recapture same process we used as child - cannot recapture the same processes we used to learn to speak language for the very first time - basically, we lose access to that original vocal learning circuit as an adult - question - language learning - what is this vocal learning circuit of an infant? - why do we lost access to the vocal learning circuit we had as a child? - observation - clue - language - accidental world recall and substitution - a clue to how we remember words - I wrote the above sentence "why do we lost access to the vocal learning circuit we had as a child?" when I meant to write: - "why do we LOSE access to the vocal learning circuit we had as a child?' - This very observation also has the same mistake: - "observation - clue - language - accidental world" instead of: - observation - clue - language - accidental WORD"! - I've noticed this accidental word substitution when we are in the midst of automatically composing sentences quite often and have also wondered about it often. - I think it offers an important clue about how we remember words, and that is critical for recall for using language itself. - We must store words in clusters that are indicated by the accidental recall

for - Beautiful Mind Learning Labs - Question - Is it the same as Hummingbird Learning Labs? - adjacency - education - neuroscience - Beau Lotto

for - BEing journey - novel - The Inheritors - novel - The Inheritors - strange things happen to your sense of reality as you read

You know a typewriter is being used as flimsy filler decoration when it's sitting on a shelf and simultaneously serving as a book support. [38:33]

A real writer's typewriter is free and clear so that the carriage can move its full length.

This practice is not too dissimilar to that used by zettelkasten practitioners (including Niklas Luhmann) who broadly used his bibliographic cards this way.

By separating his index and ideas from the book and putting them into a physical index, it makes them easier to juxtapose with other ideas over time rather than having them anchored directly to the book itself. For academics and researchers, this will tend to help save time from having to constantly retrieve these portions from individual books.

Many have spoken of "books as wallpaper" or "intellectual furniture", but here Mortimer J. Adler goes beyond owning them solely as material culture, but turning them into intellectual and personal culture.

When they sit upon the shelf after being intellectually owned, they can serve as a mnemonic touchstone, which is a method of supercharging their value as lowly "decorative wallpaper", and instead making them living active, intellectual wallpaper.

for - paper - title - Memory, Sleep, Dreams, and Consciousness: A Perspective Based on the Memory Theory of Consciousness - author - Andrew E. Budson, Ken A Paller - adjacency - memories - sleep - dreams - Memory Theory of Consciousness - MToC

summary - The authors present a theory of dreaming and sleep that I resonate with, that sleep is a time in which the brain performs unconscious processing of memories, consolidating them by taking advantage of consciousnesss down time to perform massive parallel processing to connect memories together. - dreams are seen as a small conscious byproduct of the massive parallel processing task, and their meaning may have value depending on how we interpret them.

for - MToC claim - purpose of consciousness - same as - purpose of memory - understand the present - imagine possible futures - plan accordingly - adjacency - MToC - memory - consciousness

for - multi-scale competency architecture - extend hierarchy of human body to society - continuation of levels - human being as cell in social superorganism - adjacency - multi-scale competency architecture - social superorganism

reply to u/Mindless-Cow5458 at https://old.reddit.com/r/productivity/comments/1nk55qu/did_anyone_actually_read_deep_work_i_keep_seeing/

Are you sure you're not a bot adding to the noise?!? Newport is a computer scientist who probably makes more from book sales than his day job, so wouldn't you expect he's controlling an AI bot or two that stirs the pot in Reddit and other online locations to garner interest in selling more books?

And do you think these topics are really new and intriguing? Has Newport noticed something genuinely new about the human condition? Has he got some innovative new tonic, elixir, patent medicine, or magic bean that is going to solve all your problems?

You'll probably get more out of reading the classics... the greats... the poets... For example try Geoffrey Chaucer in House of Flame (c. 1375)

For when thy labour doon al ys, And hast mad alle thy rekenynges, In stede of reste and newe thynges Thou goost hom to thy hous anoon, And also domb as any stoon, Thou sittest at another book Tyl fully daswed ys thy look.

Or translated into modern English:

For when your labour’s all done And you’ve made all the accounts Instead of rest and other things You go straight home And as dumb as any stone Sit at another book Till your eyes are fully dazed

Chaucer complains in the 14th century of "looking at screens all day" as if he were an office worker in 2025. "Making all the accounts" here is akin to staring at an accounting spreadsheet all day.

But who can productively make money on Chaucer's poetry any more, so you write your own version and reinterpret the greats to make a buck. If only Chaucer had a bot...

From what I understood of the theory is about how people see themselves on who they want to be, and how they feel about that difference such as self image and to find out who they wanna be and even with their self esteem

I highly agree with the statement that "talking back" is/was seen as a form of disrespect even when the child was just expressing themselves. Now, I do also believe that it also determines on the way you take that approach which separates It from being disrespectful and the child responding

for - quote / key insight - consciousness has created the brain as an icon to describe how it's creating this headset - Donald Hoffman

for - quote - Almost all of us think of ourselves as an object in spacetime only here for a short amount of time and will soon die - Donald Hoffman When I say you transcend any scientific

• Almost all of us think of ourselves as
  • an object in spacetime only here for a short amount of time and will soon die.
• When I say you transcend any scientific theory,
  • that means the theory that I am just a 160lb object in spacetime is just a theory and it's not the truth.
• That's not the truth about who I am.
• That's just a theory that I have because spacetime itself is just a theory.
• Nothing inside spacetime is anything but my headset interpretation of a reality that infinitely transcends anything I can experience.

for - quote/key insight - perception serves reproduction, not seeing reality as it is

quote / key insight - perception serves reproduction, not seeing reality as it is - Donald Hoffman - From an evolutionary point of view, perception is expensive. - It takes a lot of calories. - You have to eat a lot of food - to run your brain and - to power your eyes and your ears. - - And so you need to do shortcuts. - You need to make your sensory systems not chew up so much of your energy. - The more expensive your perceptual systems are, - the more you've got to eat to to power those. - So that means you have to go out there and forage and put yourself at harm. - So there's a trade-off. - We try to do things cheaply in evolution. And you don't need to actually go for the truth because that's very very expensive

I love the idea of "intellectual furniture" though I've seen it in negative contexts before. Compare also with "books as wallpaper".

https://www.etsy.com/listing/1505097692/antique-1921-meads-file-index-corrective<br /> Antique 1921 Mead's File Index Corrective Diets Infants Nursing Weight Charts Mead card index geared toward health of infants with details, nursing patterns, growth data, feeding data, case history, etc.

Have to look this up, but this might be dependent on culture and historical moment -- how important is the verbalization of writing (and often scripture). Thinking here of Plato's time when reading aloud was seen as the easier one to understand in contrast to repetition from memory. Or the Romans and early Christianity where silent reading was not as common.

In The House of Flame, Chaucer complains of "looking at screens all day" as if he were an office worker in 2025.

"Making all the accounts" here is akin to staring at an accounting spreadsheet all day.

So much value hiding in da Vinci's notebooks because he failed to publish and share his knowledge

Vintage Typewriter Office by [[Przemo Bania]]

content farm intro to typewriters for decor and use in an office... very meh.

Read it because it linked to my website

for - Epstein as part of state-sponsored child abuse Kompromat? - Eric Weinstein - adjacency - Epstein - CIA - FBI - state-sponsored pedophilia

I would remove this advice because, while prior to ArchiMate 3 Node used to be the best concept to model a server encompassing hardware (device) and (system) software, since ArchiMate 3.2, Node can no more really be used for that purpose because several relationships have been removed (such as Communication Network aggregates Node).

This implies that now, Device has to take over Node to model a server (hard+soft), and thus its name cannot be restricted to type of hardware.

(JB)

While true I would not state this in the definition but in the description below (it already is). I think that definitions should not state anything in brackets.

This sentence does not make sense. Drawing something inside refers to some relationship (nesting). The sentences can be understood that putting something in the node is enough and no relationship is needed ... BTW also access can be used and nested in this case.

I think the word instance is not valid here as I can use it for example between application as a category (class) and its versions or installations (instances). I would rephrase it that it is allowed between elements of the same type. (Also mention, that if it is allowed between relationships, the word element should be changed to concept)

Using "realizing" here could lead to misinterpretation. I suggest to remove it. (JB)

Should be moved at the beginning of the "4.2.4 Event" section (JB)

Shouldn't this paragraphs moved after the "4.2.2. Process" header ? (JB)

Not true for specialization where the outer element is the target one.

That's the opposite for specialization (JB)

5.2.2 still allow nesting for access, and I personally think it makes sense because this is another meaning than the newly added assignments to passive structure. (JB)

Model i a collection of concepts across multiple domains, I thin concepts should be used here.

What does Josephs say about himself? (Peter Brier)

I get my education writing about things that until I actually do write about them I don't know that much about. I read. up I think through. I write out.

00:09:57

Philip, Rey (Editor)1 Description This interdisciplinary essay explores a forgotten hypothesis at the intersection of physics, philosophy, and fiction: that consciousness is not a byproduct of matter, but its ontological foundation. Tracing this idea from Heraclitus and Plato to Schrödinger and Penrose, the article integrates metaphysical traditions with quantum models and critiques of materialist reductionism. It introduces the Theory of Ontological Consciousness (TOC) — a literary-philosophical framework proposing ψ̂–Φ interactions as the generative basis of spacetime and form. The essay also reinterprets empirical anomalies, such as those documented by the Global Consciousness Project, as potential signatures of an underlying field of universal consciousness. For more on the Theory of Ontological Consciousness, visit www.toc-reality.org and follow new updates via Medium - https://medium.com/@philiprey.org

interesting. sense of humor is taking a joke