Mark Smith: Stephen, are you familiar with “ouroboros”?
- Nov 2021
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Vogler based this work upon the writings of mythologist Joseph Campbell, particularly The Hero with a Thousand Faces, and holds that all successful films innately adhere to its principles.
Yesterday, I was at a thrift store with my wife, and as I usually do, I went straight to the books section. I happened upon a couple books. One was entitled Elephant Reflections and included high praise from Jane Goodall. Another was The Writer’s Journey: Mythic Structure for Writers.
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Rāmāyana (/rɑːˈmɑːjənə/;[1][2] Sanskrit: रामायणम्,[3] IAST: Rāmāyaṇam pronounced [raːˈmaːjɐɳɐm]) is one of the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient India and important text of Hinduism, the other being the Mahābhārata.[4]
Main defination
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The underlying principle is that a communication network should allow a user to focus on the data they need, named content, rather than having to reference a specific, physical location where that data is to be retrieved from, named hosts.
named data networking
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Stigmergy (/ˈstɪɡmərdʒi/ STIG-mər-jee) is a mechanism of indirect coordination,

sytmergy and afforance
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenian_alphabet
I was sort of hoping that there would be a more linguistic structured correspondence between the alphabet and numbers as a potential precursor of the phonetic major system, but alas no.
<small><cite class='h-cite via'>ᔥ <span class='p-author h-card'>Chris Aldrich</span> in Chris Aldrich on Twitter: "@HeghnarW Great job on at the "Loss" conference! I'm curious about the alphabetic correspondence to numbers you mentioned in the canon tables of the Zeytun Gospels. Is it a 1 to 1 alphabetic correspondence as in Hebrew or 1-A, 2-B, 3-C, etc. or more complex? #sberg" / Twitter (<time class='dt-published'>11/19/2021 10:42:31</time>)</cite></small>
<small><cite class='h-cite via'>ᔥ <span class='p-author h-card'>Heghnar Watenpaugh</span> in Heghnar Watenpaugh on Twitter: "@ChrisAldrich Chris, thanks so much for your interest! a table of the numerical values of the Armenian alphabet is here: https://t.co/cB1qFgNI3i" / Twitter (<time class='dt-published'>11/19/2021 10:42:31</time>)</cite></small>
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squared absolute error in f ( x ) {\displaystyle f(x)} in typical cases
Because it's unimodal? So quadratic approximate works well in typical cases?
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《异域》是作家泰德·威廉斯在 1996 年至 2001 年期间出版的科幻小说四部曲。
故事发生在大约是 2082 至 2089 年之间的地球,虚拟世界已经完全融入了日常生活。全息虚拟现实装置的普及使所有人都可以进入一个共同的线上世界,在书中也被称之为“网”(Net)。用户们可以通过手术,在颈部后方植入“神经管”的生物端接口与庞大的“网”进行连接。
故事的发展脉络很清晰鲜明:“网”这个巨大的虚拟现实世界中依然存在着鲜明的阶级差异,因此毫无疑问地,“网”的走向与构建依然被一小群最富有和最有权势的人们掌控,并且衍生出了一个神秘组织“异域”。小说描写的就是主角一行人试图揭开组织背后秘密的冒险经历。
无情却强大的反派试图利用虚拟去统治现实,网络中的意识死亡意味着现实中也会面临永久昏迷,看似人为创造的操作系统成为了有生命的存在......科幻小说最迷人的部分在于模糊了现实与虚拟的界限,从而给读者带来无法明辨的恐惧与着迷。同样寄生在元宇宙的背景之上,却和《雪崩》要素众多的意识流不同,《异域》带来了一个可读性极强的完整故事。
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By operation of the pigeonhole principle, no lossless compression algorithm can efficiently compress all possible data.
I don't get it.
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Andreas Kolbe 曾是报道维基百科相关新闻的《维基简讯》联合主编,上周他回《维基简讯》分享了一个警示故事:“维基百科上的一张照片会毁了你的生活。”
两年多里,维基百科关于纽约连环杀手 Nathaniel White 的词条使用了一名佛罗里达州非裔男子的拘留照片,他碰巧和杀手同名。一位维基百科用户表示,他是在探索频道“真实犯罪”网站 crimefeed.com 上找到这张照片的,探索频道在关于这位连环杀手的电视节目中使用了同一张照片。 两年半时间里,维基百科词条展示了错误的照片,被浏览了超过125,000 次,包括在电视节目播出当天的近 12,000 次浏览。
照片里的男子表示,他收到了人身威胁,那些人认为他真的是凶手,他开始乔装改扮。当人们在 Google 上搜索该连环杀手时到处都是他的照片。他最终向维基媒体基金会提起法律诉讼,“朋友和家人就电视节目联系了原告,询问原告是否真的在纽约州杀了人。原告向这些朋友和家人保证,尽管他承认自己的犯罪历史,但他从来没有杀过人,甚至也从未去过纽约州……”
上个月,维基媒体基金会的法律总监和一名法律人士共同撰写了一篇博文,指出该诉讼“是在维基百科的编辑们于 2020 年 9 月主动纠正了相关错误的几个月之后才提起的。”博文称法官驳回该诉讼是“自由知识的胜利”,并承认受到《通信规范法》第230 条的保护。“我们维持和发展世界上最大的免费知识库的能力取决于强大的法律豁免权……维基媒体基金会对这一裁决表示赞赏,并将继续致力于保护互联网上的全球知识交流和言论自由。”博文还表示,“当这些不准确的内容出现时,我们志愿者社区的很多成员在发现并消除它们方面极富效率。”
Andreas Kolbe 不同意这种说法。Kolbe 在《维基简讯》上写道:“这张照片在词条里存在的时间超过了两年。一个人在如此长的时间里,在排名前 20 的网站上以连环杀手的身份向世界展示他的脸,很难将这个社区的表现描述为‘极富效率’。”在一则新闻报道指出了维基百科使用了错误的照片之后,它才被删除。这意味着删除很有可能是被动的,而不是“主动的”。错误照片此前曾被一位不知名公众删除但又被恢复,该 IP 地址以前从来没有编辑过内容,此后也没有编辑过。整个过程志愿者社区似乎都完全没有意识到这个问题。
Andreas Kolbe 认为维基百科需要反思,合理的回应应该包括—— 承认社区的流程在很大程度上造成了 White 先生的问题;提醒社区注意其质量控制流程需要改进;维基百科关于图像来源的指导方针、政策和社区实践——特别是用于暗示对特定罪行负责的图像——将因为一些加强措施而受益,以确保图像描绘的是正确的人。
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are
verb
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Mexico
Country
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The Ant and the Grasshopper

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The Children of Men is a dystopian novel by English writer P. D. James, published in 1992. Set in England in 2021, it centres on the results of mass infertility. James describes a United Kingdom that is steadily depopulating and focuses on a small group of resisters who do not share the disillusionment of the masses.
https://hyp.is/qrJY3j6PEeyR4MtLAPjHmQ/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Children_of_Men

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during a 2008 flu pandemic
covid?
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Children of Men is a 2006 science fiction action-thriller film[

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The principle of conferral is a fundamental principle of European Union law. According to this principle, the EU is a union of its member states, and all its competences are voluntarily conferred on it by its member states. The Union has no competences by right, and thus any areas of policy not explicitly agreed in treaties by all member states remain the domain of the member states. This indicates that the member states have the right to deal with all matters that fall outside the agreements of the Treaties and the EU can only act within the conferred competences defined by the Member States in the treaties
- about : principle of conferral
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Principle of conferral
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On August 2, 2007, after an independent investigation, it was revealed that discredited South Korean scientist Hwang Woo-Suk unknowingly produced the first human embryos resulting from parthenogenesis. Initially, Hwang claimed he and his team had extracted stem cells from cloned human embryos, a result later found to be fabricated. Further examination of the chromosomes of these cells show indicators of parthenogenesis in those extracted stem cells, similar to those found in the mice created by Tokyo scientists in 2004. Although Hwang deceived the world about being the first to create artificially cloned human embryos, he did contribute a major breakthrough to stem cell research by creating human embryos using parthenogenesis.[104] The truth was discovered in 2007, long after the embryos were created by him and his team in February 2004. This made Hwang the first, unknowingly, to successfully perform the process of parthenogenesis to create a human embryo and, ultimately, a human parthenogenetic stem cell line.
spooky. raises impossible ethical questions
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The first documented visit into New York Harbor by a European was in 1524 by Italian Giovanni da Verrazzano, an explorer from Florence in the service of the French crown.[43] He claimed the area for France and named it Nouvelle Angoulême (New Angoulême).[44] A Spanish expedition, led by the Portuguese captain Estêvão Gomes sailing for Emperor Charles V, arrived in New York Harbor in January 1525 and charted the mouth of the Hudson River, which he named Río de San Antonio (Saint Anthony's River).
so the french get to claim new york after all? first it's the dutch and now this?
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Vegetarianism and veganism
mixed views on whteher tza'ar ba'alei chayim implies that Jews should be vegetarians
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Etymology
What is the etymology of etymology?
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69
Lol
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Zodiac Killer
Why?
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I don't like this
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Mentioned at Coffee With a Codex on 2021-11-01 with an example on the closing pages of LJS 418, which isn't very clear/good, and another in MS Codex 1248, which is in a tiny manuscript, but very clear and lovely.


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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blessed_salt_in_Christianity
Looked up in relation of mention of a blessing of salt and water in LJS 418, a manuscript about Saint Blaise: https://bibliophilly.library.upenn.edu/viewer.php?id=Oversize%20LJS%20418#page/12/mode/thumb
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In Time
- from : https://t.me/io0ooli/1447

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Antonin Sertillanges' book The Intellectual Life is published in 1918 in which he outlines in chapter 7 the broad strokes a version of the zettelkasten method, though writing in French he doesn't use the German name or give the method a specific name.[11] The book was published in French, Italian, and English in more than 50 editions over the span of 40 years. In it, Sertillanges recommends taking notes on slips of "strong paper of a uniform size" either self made with a paper cutter or by "special firms that will spare you the trouble, providing slips of every size and color as well as the necessary boxes and accessories." He also recommends a "certain number of tagged slips, guide-cards, so as to number each category visibly after having numbered each slip, in the corner or in the middle." He goes on to suggest creating a catalog or index of subjects with division and subdivisions and recommends the "very ingenious system", the decimal system, for organizing one's research. For the details of this refers the reader to Organization of intellectual work: practical recipes for use by students of all faculties and workers by Paul Chavigny [fr][12]. Sertillanges recommends against the previous patterns seen with commonplace books where one does note taking in books or on slips of paper which might be pasted into books as they don't "easily allow classification" or "readily lend themselves to use at the moment of writing."
[[Antonin Sertillanges]]' book ''The Intellectual Life'' is published in 1918 in which he outlines in chapter 7 the broad strokes a version of the zettelkasten method, though writing in French he doesn't use the German name or give the method a specific name.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Antonin |first1=Sertillanges |author-link1= Antonin_Sertillanges |title=The Intellectual Life: Its Sprit, Conditions, Methods |date=1960 |publisher=The Newman Press |location=Westminster, Maryland |translator-last1= Ryan |translator-first1= Mary |translator-link1= |pages=186-198 |edition=fifth printing |language=English}}</ref> The book was published in French, Italian, and English in more than 50 editions over the span of 40 years. In it, Sertillanges recommends taking notes on slips of "strong paper of a uniform size" either self made with a paper cutter or by "special firms that will spare you the trouble, providing slips of every size and color as well as the necessary boxes and accessories." He also recommends a "certain number of tagged slips, guide-cards, so as to number each category visibly after having numbered each slip, in the corner or in the middle." He goes on to suggest creating a catalog or index of subjects with division and subdivisions and recommends the "very ingenious system", the decimal system, for organizing one's research. For the details of this refers the reader to ''Organization of intellectual work: practical recipes for use by students of all faculties and workers'' by {{interlanguage link|Paul Chavigny|fr}}<ref>{{cite book |last1=Chavigny |first1=Paul |title=Organisation du travail intellectuel: recettes pratiques à l'usage des étudiants de toutes les facultés et de tous les travailleurs |date=1918 |publisher=Delagrave |language=French}}</ref>. Sertillanges recommends against the previous patterns seen with commonplace books where one does note taking in books or on slips of paper which might be pasted into books as they don't "easily allow classification" or "readily lend themselves to use at the moment of writing."
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- Oct 2021
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high numbers of racial minorities among crime suspects
clear within society today
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As immigration rises, native workers are pushed into less demanding jobs, which improves native workers' health outcomes.[287][288]
how immigrants taking higher risk jobs positively impacts natives
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Europe
this article discusses immigrations impact on different countries rather than just the Untied States and how its impacted us
a very broad look at immigration
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Immigrants have been linked to greater invention and innovation
highlights the power of immigration on other countries
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A slight reduction in the barriers to labor mobility between the developing and developed world would do more to reduce poverty in the developing world than any remaining trade liberalization.[191]
ability of developing and developed world have to help poverty
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A 2021 study in the American Economic Journal found that undocumented immigrants had beneficial effects on the employment and wages of American natives.
strict immigration policy leads to less jobs for the undocumented and worse employment and wages for American natives
What does that say about the state of immigration in our country today?
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Legalization, instead, decreases the unemployment rate of low-skilled natives and increases income per native."
impact of legalization of undocumented immigrants
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refugees to the United States brought in $63 billion more in government revenues than they cost the government.
another way in which immigrants are contributing to this country rather than harming it
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A 2017 paper by Evans and Fitzgerald found that refugees to the United States pay "$21,000 more in taxes than they receive in benefits over their first 20 years in the U.S
Contributing just as much to US government
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By increasing overall demand, immigrants could push natives out of low-skilled manual labor into better paying occupations
contrary to the popular opinion here that immigrants are stealing the opportunities and jobs of "americans"
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Research also suggests that diversity and immigration have a net positive effect on productivity[112][113][91][114][115] and economic prosperity.[
how immigration affects the work place
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They can also mean net loss for a poor donor country through the loss of the educated minority—a "brain drain".
Why impoverished countries continue to stay this way
What can we do about this? Can we blame those with a higher education seeking a better opportunity for themselves for this issue?
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As of 2003[update], family reunification accounted for approximately two-thirds of legal immigration to the US every year.
Wow i was not aware of this. Made me want to narrow my focus on this topic of immigration as family reunification and how our last president handled this situation was such a big issue
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the freedom only applies to movement within national borders and the ability to return to one's home state.[60][61]
shows why so many immigrants traveling to an entirely different country are treated so poorly
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natural and social barriers
aside from the the legal process making immigration difficult, there are also natural and social barriers
even more of a reason to not immigrate but yet there are still thousands and thousands of immigrants
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persecution (religious and otherwise), frequent abuse, bullying, oppression, ethnic cleansing, genocide, risks to civilians during war, and social marginalization.[
- push factor
there are clearly numerous reasons for people to leave their country. By explaining different reasons you get a better understanding of why there are so many immigrants and why it has grown so much over the years
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immigration are sometimes mandatory in a contract of employment:
- push factor
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availability of jobs is the related pull factor.
- pull factor
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differentials in wage rates are common
- push factor
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Push and pull factors of immigration
Why do people want to immigrate in the first place?
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Nearly half (43%) of all international migrants originate in Asia
by showing stats from different countries you can see how immigration impacts the rest of the world
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number of international migrants has reached 244 million worldwide,
the increase and prevalence of this issue
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international movement of people to a destination country of which they are not natives or where they do not possess citizenship in order to settle as permanent residents or naturalized citizens.
Answers what is Immigration?
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Anger management is also a domain of mental health that is associated with the concept of self-awareness in teens
This sounds very interesting, i would like to explore this more.
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Level 5: Self-consciousness or "meta" self-awareness. At this level not only is the self seen from a first person view but it is realized that it is also seen from a third person's view. They begin to understand they can be in the mind of others. For instance, how they are seen from a public standpoint
i think the levels outlined are useful in thinking the progression of self-awareness in life. I would say that most people are at level 3 and 4. But when it comes to communicating with others being at level 5 is key to making sure relationships are being respected.
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In developing self–awareness through self-exploration and social experiences one can broaden one's social world and become more familiar with the self.
This hits hard to my idea of self-awareness. It shows what the power of being self-aware can do for someone.
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Albert Bandura's theory of self-efficacy builds on our varying degrees of self-awareness.
This idea of self-efficacy relates to Gary Vee's outlook on self-awareness and ability to execute.
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A theory of objective self awareness, states that when we focus our attention on ourselves, we evaluate and compare our current behavior to our internal standards and values
This is a good way to encapsulate what self-awareness is. I like that this definition includes the words standards and values
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self-awareness is the recognition of that awareness.
Was not aware of the idea of metacognition, might be more related to the topic I am interested in.
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The Hawthorne effect refers to a type of reactivity in which individuals modify an aspect of their behavior in response to their awareness of being observed.[1][2]
This is probably why body doubling is effective.
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Approximately 80% of Niʻihau's income comes from a small Navy installation atop 1,300-foot-high cliffs. Remote-controlled tracking devices are used for testing and training with Kaua'i's Pacific Missile Range Facility. Modern missile defense tests are conducted at the site for the U.S. and its allies. The installation brings in millions of dollars a year, and provides the island with a stable economic base without the complexity of tourism or industrial development.
not a bad gig
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military road that linked the town with Trier. Bingen is well known for, among other things, the story about the Mouse Tower, in which Bishop of Hatto I of Mainz was allegedly eaten by mice. It was
interesting
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The World Until Yesterday

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The number of Arab dirhams discovered on the island of Gotland alone is astoundingly high. In the various hoards located around the island, there are more of these silver coins than at any other site in Western Eurasia. The total sum is almost as great as the number that has been unearthed in the entire Muslim world.
the vikings got around lol
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The plan is that the comments will be stored in the Internet Archive.
My comment saved to Archive?
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The Aquarian Conspiracy

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This barrel house

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New Age
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trinkets
A small piece of jewelry
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orange Mexican marigolds (Tagetes erecta) called cempasúchil (originally named cempōhualxōchitl, Nāhuatl for 'twenty flowers'). In modern Mexico the marigold is sometimes called Flor de Muerto ('Flower of Dead'). These flowers are thought to attract souls of the dead to the offerings. It is also believed the bright petals with a strong scent can guide the souls from cemeteries to their family homes
Explicación de lo que representan las flores
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The dynasty and central government went into decline by the latter half of the 9th century; agrarian rebellions resulted in mass population loss and displacement, widespread poverty, and further government dysfunction that ultimately ended the dynasty in 907.
Why the Tang dynasty disappeared.
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Eustace Clarence Mullins Jr. (March 9, 1923 – February 2, 2010)[1] was an American white supremacist, antisemitic conspiracy theorist, propagandist,
classic Wikipedia balderdash
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n the history of artificial intelligence, an AI winter is a period of reduced funding and interest in artificial intelligence research.[1] The term was coined by analogy to the idea of a nuclear winter.[2] The field has experienced several hype cycles, followed by disappointment and criticism, followed by funding cuts, followed by renewed interest years or decades later. The term first appeared in 1984 as the topic of a public debate at the annual meeting of AAAI (then called the "American Association of Artificial Intelligence"). It is a chain reaction that begins with pessimism in the AI community, followed by pessimism in the press, followed by a severe cutback in funding, followed by the end of serious research.[2] At the meeting, Roger Schank and Marvin Minsky—two leading AI researchers who had survived the "winter" of the 1970s—warned the business community that enthusiasm for AI had spiraled out of control in the 1980s and that disappointment would certainly follow. Three years later, the billion-dollar AI industry began to collapse.[2]
IA Winter
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The applied arts are all the arts that apply design and decoration to everyday and essentially practical objects in order to make them aesthetically pleasing.[1] The term is used in distinction to the fine arts, which are those that produce objects with no practical use, whose only purpose is to be beautiful or stimulate the intellect in some way. In practice, the two often overlap. Applied arts largely overlaps with decorative arts, and the modern making of applied art is usually called design.
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Nếu mình là một người có đầu óc tổ chức cao... trải nghiệm chắc tuyệt lắm nhỉ?
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Open-system environment reference model

Framework for gratiutous complexity
laying the foundations for the burgeoning of the layers of layers
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Coordinated management of meaning states that people "organize meaning in a hierarchical manner." Theorists on CMM were in agreement on two points regarding hierarchical meaning. "First, the hierarchy of meaning defines the context in which regulative and constitutive rules are to be understood. Second, these contexts are arranged in a hierarchy of abstractness, such that higher levels of the hierarchy help to define – and may subsume – lower level."[25] It can be interpreted to each of the contexts in the "hierarchical can be understood by looking at the other contexts, and each context is always contextualizing other contexts."
- about : coordinated management of meaning (CMM)
define context regulative and constitutive ruls
hierarchy higher subsumes lower levels
meme : production of understanding of contexts by contexts
meme : contexts contextualize other contexts
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Black Twitter is an informal community largely consisting of African-American users on the social network Twitter focused on issues of interest to the black community in the United States.[1][2][3][4] Feminista Jones described it in Salon as "a collective of active, primarily African-American Twitter users who have created a virtual community ... [and are] proving adept at bringing about a wide range of sociopolitical changes."[5]
Definition of black twitter
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Advocates generally combine cognitive reframing techniques with affirmations and creative visualization to replace limiting or self-destructive ("negative") thoughts with more empowered, adaptive ("positive") thoughts. A key component of the philosophy is the idea that in order to effectively change one's negative thinking patterns, one must also "feel" (through creative visualization) that the desired changes have already occurred. This combination of positive thought and positive emotion is believed to allow one to attract positive experiences and opportunities by achieving resonance with the proposed energetic law.
testet
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Paul Yip, a co-author of the recent study and professor at the University of Hong Kong, said "no country has ever achieved such a rapid decline in suicides"
thanks wang huning, xi, et al
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China's suicide rates were one of the highest in the world in the 1990s; however, by 2011, China had one of the lowest suicide rates in the world.
ccp bad tho
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要避免值相近的数相减
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Verena Huber-Dyson
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Richard Holmes[30] supports the anagrammatic derivation of the name, but adds that a writer such as Voltaire would have intended it to also convey connotations of speed and daring. These come from associations with words such as voltige (acrobatics on a trapeze or horse), volte-face (a spinning about to face one's enemies), and volatile (originally, any winged creature).
this puts words to something i've never put words to
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Choose Your Own Adventure, or Secret Path Books
buscar luego
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three concentric spheres: consensus, legitimate controversy, and deviance
Hallin’s spheres
Hallin divides the world of political discourse into three concentric spheres: consensus, legitimate controversy, and deviance. In the sphere of consensus, journalists assume everyone agrees. The sphere of legitimate controversy includes the standard political debates, and journalists are expected to remain neutral. The sphere of deviance falls outside the bounds of legitimate debate, and journalists can ignore it. These boundaries shift, as public opinion shifts.
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A resource can be anything that has identity. Familiar examples include an electronic document, an image, a service (e.g., "today's weather report for Los Angeles"), and a collection of other resources. Not all resources are network "retrievable"; e.g., human beings, corporations, and bound books in a library can also be considered resources.
interesting development
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manta rays and scorpion fish
initial designs
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bowed harmonics have a "glassy",
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tone colour
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Anacoluthon
it
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with

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Sci-Hub is a shadow library website that provides free access to millions of research papers and books, without regard to copyright,[4] by bypassing publishers' paywalls in various ways.[4][5][6] Sci-Hub was founded by Alexandra Elbakyan in 2011 in Kazakhstan in response to the high cost of research papers behind paywalls.
Sci-Hub helps to access research papers for free
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Mondragon Corporation
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Violeta Bulc
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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Eichmann in Jerusalem: A Report on the Banality of Evil
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In ecology, edge effects are changes in population or community structures that occur at the boundary of two or more habitats.[1] Areas with small habitat fragments exhibit especially pronounced edge effects that may extend throughout the range. As the edge effects increase, the boundary habitat allows for greater biodiversity.
Edge Effects
It was in the Design Science Studio that I learned about edge effects.
Yesterday, I was thinking about how my life embodies the concept of edge effects. That same day, a book was delivered to our door, Design for the Real World by Victor Papanek.
Today, I was reading these words:
Design for the Real World
Design for Survival and Survival through Design: A Summation
Integrated, comprehensive, anticipatory design is the act of planning and shaping carried on across the various disciplines, an act continuously carried on at interfaces between them.
Victor Papanek goes on to say:
It is at the border of different techniques or disciplines that most new discoveries are made and most action is inaugurated. It is when two differing areas of knowledge are brought into contact with one another that… a new science may come into being.
(Page 323)
Exiles and Emigrés
The Bauhaus spread its ideas because it existed at the boundaries, the avant-garde, the edges of what was thought to be possible, especially as a socialist utopian idea found its way to a capitalist industrial-military complex, where the concept of modernism was co-opted and colonized by globalizing economic forces beyond the control of the individual. Design was the virus that propagated around the world through the vehicle of corporate globalization.
That same design ethic is infecting corporations with a conscience, with empathy, with a process that begins with listening to people. Design is the virus that can spread the values of unconditional love throughout the body of neoliberal capitalism.
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emplate cos ( 2 π f x ) . {\displaystyle \cos(2\pi fx).} Its peak value is a relative measure of the presence of frequency f {\displaystyle f} in function s . {\displaystyle s.} The analysis process determines, for certain key frequencies, the maximum correlation and the corresponding phase offset, ( τ f ) . {\displaystyle (\tau f).} The synthesis process (the actual Fourier series), in terms of parameters to be determined by analysis, is:
confused about these paragraphs
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rivers provide easy travel and access to commerce and industry
rivers provide easy travel and access to commerce and industry
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Flooding may occur as an overflow of water from water bodies, such as a river, lake, or ocean, in which the water overtops or breaks levees, resulting in some of that water escaping its usual boundaries,[4] or it may occur due to an accumulation of rainwater on saturated ground in an areal flood
Flooding may occur as an overflow of water from water bodies, such as a river, lake, or ocean, in which the water overtops or breaks levees, resulting in some of that water escaping its usual boundaries,[4] or it may occur due to an accumulation of rainwater on saturated ground in an areal flood
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exceeds the capacity
exceeds the capacity
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cities and towns built on waterbodies or with in frastruture desiged around historical rlinfall patterns are increaicalingly susceptible to flooding
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A flood is an overflow of water that submerges land that is usually dry
A flood is an overflow of water that submerges land that is usually dry
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In social science, agency is defined as the capacity of individuals to act independently and to make their own free choices.
This blends autonomy & agency. Agency seems about capacity / capability to act. Autonomy seems to be more about the range of choices one has.
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The earliest legal restrictions on the nighttime activities and movements of African-Americans and other ethnic minorities date back to the colonial era. The general court and legislative assembly of New Hampshire passed "An Act To Prevent Disorders In The Night" in 1714:[6][7] .mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}Whereas great disorders, insolencies and burglaries are oft times raised and committed in the night time by Native American, Negro, and Molatto Servants and Slaves to the Disquiet and hurt of her Majesty's subjects, No Indian, Negro, or Molatto is to be from Home after 9 o'clock. Notices emphasizing and re-affirming the curfew were published in The New Hampshire Gazette in 1764 and 1771.
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The Silence Dogood letters feature in the 2004 movie National Treasure. After stealing the United States Declaration of Independence, cryptologist Benjamin Franklin Gates (Nicolas Cage) and Dr. Abigail Chase (Diane Kruger) find an Ottendorf cipher hidden in invisible ink on the back of the Declaration. Following the discovery of a Knights Templar riddle which said "The key in Silence undetected", a link between the Silence Dogood letters and the cipher is established. The cipher is used to find the hidden message in the letters which proves to be another clue.
@billgates "lol?"
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is a data structure which can be replicated across multiple computers
Distributed
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The climate of Japan is predominantly temperate but varies greatly from north to south. The northernmost region, Hokkaido, has a humid continental climate with long, cold winters and very warm to cool summers. Precipitation is not heavy, but the islands usually develop deep snowbanks in the winter.[85]
Climate of japan
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Japan is the eleventh-most populous country in the world, as well as one of the most densely populated and urbanized. About three-fourths of the country's terrain is mountainous, concentrating its population of 125.36 million on narrow coastal plains. Japan is divided into 47 administrative prefectures and eight traditional regions. The Greater Tokyo Area is the most populous metropolitan area in the world, with more than 37.4 million residents.
This is the second paragraph
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In a Sybil attack, the attacker subverts the reputation system of a network service by creating a large number of pseudonymous identities and uses them to gain a disproportionately large influence. It is named after the subject of the book Sybil, a case study of a woman diagnosed with dissociative identity disorder.[1]
Sybil attack
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corresponds to a = 1, b = 2):
- 此处 \({1 \over 2 a + 1} + \cdots + {1 \over 4 a - 1} - {1 \over 2b + 2} - \cdots\)
只是为了 表示一个无穷项罢了 实际排列是 还是
- if a=1,b=2 we can have the permutation
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odd terms satisfies
证明 $$proof\ {1} + {1 \over 3} + {1 \over 5} + \cdots + {1 \over 2 p - 1} = {1 \over 2} \, \gamma + {1 \over 2} \ln p + \ln 2 + o(1).\quad (1)\ 1 + {1 \over 2} + {1 \over 3} + \cdots + {1 \over 2p-1} = \gamma + \ln (2p-1) + o(1),\quad (2)\
{1 \over 2} + {1 \over 4} + {1 \over 6} + \cdots + {1 \over 2(p-1)} = {1 \over 2} \, \gamma + {1 \over 2} \ln (p-1)+ o(1),\quad (3)\ \
\ now \quad proof \quad (2)-(3) \to (1)\\ first \quad proof \ \lim{p \to \infty } {\ln (2p-1) - \ln \sqrt{p-1} }=\lim{p \to \infty }\ln {2 \sqrt{p} }\ \lim{p \to \infty } {\ln (2p-1) -{\ln 2\sqrt{(p-1)p}} }= \lim{p \to \infty }\ln {2p-1 \over 2\sqrt{(p-1)p}}\ = \ln{2 \over 2} =0$$
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Under most circumstances, only PrP molecules with an identical amino acid sequence to the infectious PrPSc are incorporated into the growing fiber
only PrP molecules with an identical sequence to the PrPSc can be recruited to the fiber
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As early as 1928, Edward Bernays recognized propaganda as a modern instrument to produce productive ends and "help bring order out of chaos".
Amy Westervelt delves into the history of propaganda to uncover the deceit at the heart of public relations, marketing, advertising, and design in an analysis of the business strategies of oil and gas companies in the podcast, Drilled.
Westervelt pays particular interest to Edward Bernays.
“Sigmund Freud’s nephew, Edward Bernays, coined the term ‘public relations’ when propaganda started to become a negative term. His specialty was using psychological know-how to manipulate the masses and orchestrate cultural shifts in his clients’ favor (clients like Standard Oil, the American Tobacco Company, and General Motors).”
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e have
第5行 为什么要多减 一个 \((\vec{u}\cdot \vec{v})\vec{u} \)
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show that
- 这里 其实就是 四元数 相乘
因为 实数 虚数都包含在 四元数 里
po应该是 从左往右乘 , 就类似与 数字相乘
运算时 可以先把 \(sin(\frac{\alpha }{2})\);\(cos(\frac{\alpha }{2})\) 提出来 计算
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the quaternion multiplication rule:
$$(r_{1},\ {\vec {v}}_{1})(r_{2},\ {\vec {v}}_{2})=(r_{1}r_{2}-{\vec {v}}_{1}\cdot {\vec {v}}_{2},\\\ r_{1}{\vec {v}}_{2}+r_{2}{\vec {v}}_{1}+{\vec {v}}_{1}\times {\vec {v}}_{2}),$$
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quaternion
这个 代入 \(r_{1}=r{2}=0\) 就可以了
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the addition of two quaternions
可以
用同类型的 数据类型 进行 加法运算
就好解释多了
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Alicia Boole Stott
Alicia was the only Boole sister to inherit the mathematical career of her parents, although her mother Mary Everest Boole had brought up all of her five children from an early age 'to acquaint them with the flow of geometry' by projecting shapes onto paper, hanging pendulums etc. She was first exposed to geometric models by her brother-in-law Charles Howard Hinton when she was 17, and developed the ability to visualise in a fourth dimension. She found that there were exactly six regular polytopes in four dimensions and that they are bounded by 5, 16 or 600 tetrahedra, 8 cubes, 24 octahedra or 120 dodecahedra.
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Syntegrity is a formal model presented by Beer in the 1990s and now is a registered trademark. It is a form of non-hierarchical problem solving that can be used in a small team of 10 to 42 people. It is a business consultation product that is licensed out to consulting firms. The term comes from the words "synergistic" and "tensegrity".
Stafford Beer
Syntegration and Team Syntegrity
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historiated_initial
I wonder if these still exist in the new spaces of productivity porn in within journaling? Perhaps the application of stickers in peoples' planners sort of serves some of this functionality, though I'd consider them to be more in the drollery family.
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A corporation is an organization—usually a group of people or a company—authorized by the state to act as a single entity (a legal entity recognized by private and public law "born out of statute"; a legal person in legal context) and recognized as such in law for certain purposes
- stub : Corporation

- stub : Corporation
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Corporation

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Master Rainaldo
talk more abt architects?
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Knowledge Forum From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The key to a functional island fixture vent is that the top elbow must be at least as high as the "flood level" (the peak possible drain water level in the sink). This is to ensure that the vent does not become a de facto drain should the actual drain get clogged.
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One of the most common traps to dry out are floor drains such as those typically placed near home furnaces, water heaters and rooms with underfloor heating.
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Having largely retired from motor racing, Brundle became a highly regarded commentator on British television network ITV, whom he joined when they began Formula One coverage in 1997, initially alongside Murray Walker, and from 2002 James Allen. Brundle joined the BBC's commentary team alongside Jonathan Legard when they won back the rights to show F1 from 2009. Before the start of the 2011 season, the BBC announced that Brundle was being promoted to lead commentator and would be joined by fellow former F1 driver, David Coulthard.[9] He signed for Sky Sports' coverage at the end of 2011.[citation needed] At Sky Brundle returned to a co-commentary role, working alongside lead commentator David Croft.
How quickly did he become highly regarded?
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John von Neumann
This is the topic of the Wiki
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《太凯尔》是一本前卫文学季刊,1960年诞生于巴黎。它的创办者是两个同为24岁的年轻作家菲利普·索莱尔(Philippe Sollers,1936.11.28~,上图左二)和让-艾代恩·阿利耶(Jean-Edern Hallier,1936.3.1~1997.1.12,上图右一)。杂志连续发行了22年,期间主要编委还有让-勒内·于格南(Jean-René Huguenin)、让·里卡多(Jean Ricardou)、让·蒂博多(Jean Thibaudeau)、米歇尔·德吉(Michel Deguy)、马尔塞林·普雷奈(Marcelin Pleynet)、达尼斯·罗什(Denis Roche)、让-路易-鲍德里(Jean-Louis Baudry)、让-皮埃尔· 费耶(Jean-Pierre Faye)、杰奎琳·里塞(Jacqueline Risset)、弗朗索瓦·华尔(François Wahl)、朱莉亚·克里斯蒂娃(Julia Kristeva)等人。
至少在一开始的时候,文学艺术是《太凯尔》的基本方向。只是因为大家都年轻,免不了追逐新潮,当时最时髦的新小说、结构主义、后结构主义都是他们的目标。以致有人把它的1962年到1972年的十年称作形式主义时期。
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"We have been fighting on this planet for ten thousand years; it would be idiotic and unethical to not take advantage of such accumulated experiences. If you haven’t read hundreds of books, you are functionally illiterate, and you will be incompetent, because your personal experiences alone aren’t broad enough to sustain you."
On [[Reading]] and a [[Lifelong Set of Books]]
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and environment. Behavioural genetics was fou
zzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz
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Behavioural genetics

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maturity
To be fair, the click-able links are operable because they have a hover-interaction feature (mouse becomes hand). But it is not as obvious as colour (or underscore), because colourblind people have to move the cursor line by line to find the click-able words.
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maturity
This wiki article contains many click-able links which direct users to another wiki page. However, the best way to identify them is by colour (they are coloured in blue). This is not perceivable for people who are colourblind. A underscore may work better.
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According to finance scholar Dr. Frank J. Fabozzi, investors use yield curves to price debt securities traded in public markets and to set interest rates on many other types of debt, including bank loans and mortgages.[4] Shifts in the shape and slope of the yield curve are thought to be related to investor expectations for the economy and interest rates.
In terms of the robust principal, the wikipedia page displays well in laptops and cellphones. In addition, it works well with the text-to-speech feature on my MacBook. All I have to do is to select the paragraph and click option-esc shortcut.
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Contents 1 Significance of slope and shape 1.1 Types of yield curve 1.1.1 Normal yield curve 1.1.2 Steep yield curve 1.1.3 Flat or humped yield curve 1.1.4 Inverted yield curve 2 Relationship to the business cycle 3 Theory 3.1 Market expectations (pure expectations) hypothesis 3.2 Liquidity premium theory 3.3 Preferred habitat theory 3.4 Market segmentation theory 3.5 Historical development of yield curve theory 4 Construction of the full yield curve from market data 5 Effect on bond prices 6 See also 7 Notes 8 References 8.1 Books 8.2 Articles 9 External links
This part is a great example of the understandable example. For a page with a lot of information like this one, having a content really helps navigate through the page and find information easilly.
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The US Treasury yield curve as of May 13, 2018. The curve has a typical upward sloping shape. .mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}Spread between 10-year and 2-year U.S. Treasury note yields10-year and 2-year US Treasury yields vs. Federal Funds RateThe 2 to 10 year spread narrows when the Federal Funds Rate increases and recessions tend to happen when the FFR gets above the 2 and 10 year treasuries. In finance, the yield curve is a graph which depicts how the yields on debt instruments - such as bonds
The pictures are operable because it has hover-interaction feature. The cursor changes to a hand when it is over the picture so people know they can 'click' on it (press the spacebar)
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Endogenous substances and processes are those that originate from within a system such as an organism, tissue, or cell.[1]
endogeneous
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Ars longa, vita brevis is a Latin translation of an aphorism coming originally from Greek, roughly meaning, "skilfulness takes time and life is short".
skilfulness takes time and life is short
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we devote about two-thirds of our time to just 15 people
2/3 devote to 15 people
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allowed societies to remain cohesive, while reducing the need for physical and social intimacy
cohesive
reducing the need for social intimacy
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that language may have arisen as a "cheap" means of social grooming, allowing early humans to maintain social cohesion efficiently.
language as "cheap" means of social grooming

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The Prince and the Pauper

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Relativní změna
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In American usage such divisions are generally referred to as colleges (e.g., "college of arts and sciences") or schools (e.g., "school of business"), but may also mix terminology (e.g., Harvard University has a "faculty of arts and sciences[2]" but a "law school").
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often wrongly translated as "Dresden University of Technology"
how is that a wrong translation?
what would the correct translation be — without any acronyms? ("TU Dresden" does not count — what are the English words one should read for T and U?)
University of Technology seem like a reasonable translation for Technische Universität to me!       
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Keble College
Good accommodation
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e shown that:
二项式定理 可以证明 前面的 $$p \choose m$$ 是从 p个 因式里 选择m个 当作x 后面的同理
$$(-{\bar {x}})^{{(p-m)}}$$
则是 从 p个 因式里 选择p-m个 当作 $$-{\bar {x}}$$
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Centroid:
根据 定义来理解 中心 的含义
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A 3D rendering of Indra's net.

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"they exist in a state of mutual dependence, interfusion and balance without any contradiction or conflict. This thought essentially argues that there is no relationship of cause and result among phenomena and that things are not formed sequentially. Instead, they constitute the world by the mutual interfusion of complete equality
balance without contradiction
https://hyp.is/M_uh2BbPEeywfKvAsZzqlA/www.youtube.com/watch?v=D4vHnM8WPvU
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When the primary site that managed web rings, webring.org was acquired by Yahoo, "ring masters" lost access to their webrings[3] and the web ring hubs were replaced by a Yahoo page.[3] By the time Yahoo stopped controlling webring.org in 2001, search engines had become good enough that web rings were no longer as useful.[3] The webring.org site was still active in the mid-2010s.[3]
Webring's need to be reinvented on the decent(ralized) web because through the ring trust can be made transitive and dynamically re-forming and new adjacent rings can be discovered participants connect and self organize around shared idea, intents, purpose, prusuits at a fine levels of grannullarity
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:The_deadline_is_now
I'd never run across some of this sort of Wikipedia philosophy before. Perhaps useful for the future?
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiphon
also: antiphonary as a book of such antiphons
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Kaleb (c. 520) is perhaps the best-documented, if not best-known, King of Axum situated in modern-day Eritrea and North Ethiopia. Procopius of Caesarea calls him "Hellestheaeus", a variant of his throne name Ella Atsbeha or Ella Asbeha (Histories, 1.20). Variants of his name are Hellesthaeus, Ellestheaeus, Eleshaah, Ella Atsbeha, Ellesboas, and Elesboam, all from the Greek Ελεσβόάς, for “The one who brought about the morning” or “The one who collected tribute.”
E, "removing the truth from Wikipedia" doesn't make it "untrue" it simply makes you "undesirable"
by3e.
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local rules
What is the difference between a local and a global rule?
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The object-capability model is a computer security model. A capability describes a transferable right to perform one (or more) operations on a given object.
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Deep attenuation refers to the case where the same attenuation is applied transitively to any objects obtained via the original attenuated object, typically by use of a "membrane".
attenuation
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two rules governing access to existing objects: 1) An object A can send a message to B only if object A holds a reference to B. 2) An object A can obtain a reference to C only if object A receives a message containing a reference to C.
two rules object access
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"Only connectivity begets connectivity."
connectivity begets connectivity
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The practice of athletic competitions has been criticised by some Christian thinkers as a form of idolatry, in which "human beings extol themselves, adore themselves, sacrifice themselves and reward themselves."[73] Sports are seen by these critics as a manifestation of "collective pride" and "national self-deification" in which feats of human power are idolized at the expense of divine worship.[73]
idolatry
Christianity vs. greek philosophy. This states the point about the need for sports, competition, and games in our new secular world.
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Religious views The foot race was one of the events dedicated to Zeus. Panathenaic amphora, Kleophrades painter, circa 500 BC, Louvre museum. Sport was an important form of worship in Ancient Greek religion. The ancient Olympic Games, called the Olympiad, were held in honour of the head deity, Zeus, and featured various forms of religious dedication to him and other gods.[72] As many Greeks travelled to see the games, this combination of religion and sport also served as a way of uniting them.
The Greek tradition is indeed a fascinating one.
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Spectator involvement Spectators at the 1906 unofficial Olympic Games Main article: Spectator sport The competition element of sport, along with the aesthetic appeal of some sports, result in the popularity of people attending to watch sport being played. This has led to the specific phenomenon of spectator sport. Both amateur and professional sports attract spectators, both in person at the sport venue, and through broadcast media including radio, television and internet broadcast. Both attendance in person and viewing remotely can incur a sometimes substantial charge, such as an entrance ticket, or pay-per-view television broadcast. It is common for popular sports to attract large broadcast audiences, leading to rival broadcasters bidding large amounts of money for the rights to show certain fixtures. The football World Cup attracts a global television audience of hundreds of millions; the 2006 final alone attracted an estimated worldwide audience of well over 700 million and the 2011 Cricket World Cup Final attracted an estimated audience of 135 million in India alone.[25] In the United States, the championship game of the NFL, the Super Bowl, has become one of the most watched television broadcasts of the year.[26][27] Super Bowl Sunday is a de facto national holiday in America;[28][29] the viewership being so great that in 2015, advertising space was reported as being sold at $4.5m for a 30-second slot.[26]
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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the yo-yo problem
ie scrolling too much (up and down, like a yo-yo)
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Another issue with inheritance is that subclasses must be defined in code, which means that program users cannot add new subclasses at runtime
the underlying issue here is probably the tight coupling of data and code. users very rarely need to edit code, especially at runtime. On the other hand, users need to manipulate data all the time.
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Inheritance is contrasted with object composition, where one object contains another object (or objects of one class contain objects of another class); see composition over inheritance
composition is a good idea
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The relationships of objects or classes through inheritance give rise to a directed graph
yup...
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Inheritance allows programmers to create classes that are built upon existing classes,[1] to specify a new implementation while maintaining the same behaviors
why would you want several implementations of the same exact same behavior unless for optimization purposes? and even that should be left to compilers for the most part
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hierarchy of classes
now we need to be aware of the entire structure of a classes hierarchy; its parents, grandparents, siblings & cousins.
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inheritance breaks encapsulation
makes sense
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According to Allen Holub, the main problem with implementation inheritance is that it introduces unnecessary coupling
true! do not add anymore complexity that is inherent in the problem-space
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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Void-safe capability
comparison to
maybetype? -
Thus, an executable file can be compiled to either include or exclude any level of contract
this is because they're essentially assertions, not dependent types (which would be just type-checked at compile time)
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Eiffel does not permit any assignment into attributes of objects
only through the use of setters, which enforce invariants
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all Eiffel attributes are "protected", and "setters" are needed for client objects to modify values. An upshot of this is that "setters" can, and normally do, implement the invariants
enforce the invariants
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Eiffel's control structures are strict in enforcing structured programming: every block has exactly one entry and exactly one exit
really good for decreasing cyclomatic complexity
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Eiffel has five basic executable instructions: assignment, object creation, routine call, condition, and iteration
x = Object.new()and
if-else+loops -
available under either an open source or a commercial license
dual license?
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all at the same level
no nesting, this probably reduces cyclomatic complexity
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In contrast to most curly bracket programming languages, Eiffel makes a clear distinction between expressions and instructions
expressions and statements?
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Simple Concurrent Object-Oriented Programming (SCOOP)
how does it compare to actor-model?
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Inheritance, including multiple inheritance, renaming, redefinition, "select", non-conforming inheritance, and other mechanisms intended to make inheritance safe.
sounds complicated
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class serves as the basic unit of decomposition
class-based instead of prototype based?
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Under Eiffel's design, a software text should be able to reproduce its design documentation from the text itself
literate programming?
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimal_group_paradigm
Worth looking up the relationship of this to the creation of institutional racism and potential means of dismantling it.
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confession_album
Interesting historical personal document type. This feels like it has some influence within the realm of the commonplace book tradition.
Is there a way to revive these in an internet age and nudge them along with webmentions?
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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According to the "kindling" hypothesis, when people who are genetically predisposed toward bipolar disorder experience stressful events, the stress threshold at which mood changes occur becomes progressively lower, until the episodes eventually start (and recur) spontaneously. There is evidence supporting an association between early-life stress and dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis leading to its overactivation, which may play a role in the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder.[
"Kindling" Hypothesis: With each stressful event experienced by a person with a bipolar predisposition; their stress threshold progressively deteriorates until episodes start to occur; and with each episode exaccerbating the stress response they become prolonged, spontaneous, and of greater intensity.
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Hypomania/Mania Differentiation:
duration:
- hypomanic episodes >4 days vs. mania >1 week
intensity: no display of psychotic symptoms i.e.
- delusions
- hallucinations
and does not cause SIGNIFICANT impact on the individiuals ability to socialise
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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s the process of adapting software for the purpose of achieving some form of execution in a computing environment that is different from the one that a given program (meant for such execution) was originally designed for (e.g., different CPU, operating system, or third party library).
可以 看做端口转发 即 修改代码功能 其实就是 可移植
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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OASIS (an acronym for Ontologically Anthropocentric Sensory Immersive Simulation)

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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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Four Horsemen of the Infocalypse
disrupt networks

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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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một người tốt hiếm hoi. Cô có một cuộc sống bình thường. Nếu là mình, mình sẽ chọn em này, và sống cuộc sống giống của em ấy.
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