for - post LinkedIn - book - From Bacteria to AI - reminds me of Micheal Levin's cognitive light cones - adjacency - Micheal Levin's - Katherine Hayle - cognition
- Jun 2025
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www.linkedin.com www.linkedin.com
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hackers.pub hackers.pub
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On the fragmented comment chains in ActivityPub and two approaches for it. Calls it the 'quiet fediverse' problem. Reminds me of [[Zijn VR virtual worlds leeg 20070917131806]] the quiet VR worlds problem, though that's different. English translation of original Korean post.
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www.edutopia.org www.edutopia.org
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Education should enable young people to engage with the world within them as well as the world around them. In Western cultures, there is a firm distinction between the two worlds, between thinking and feeling, objectivity and subjectivity. This distinction is misguided. There is a deep correlation between our experience of the world around us and how we feel. As we explored in the previous chapters, all individuals have unique strengths and weaknesses, outlooks and personalities. Students do not come in standard physical shapes, nor do their abilities and personalities. They all have their own aptitudes and dispositions and different ways of understanding things. Education is therefore deeply personal. It is about cultivating the minds and hearts of living people. Engaging them as individuals is at the heart of raising achievement.
I chose this passage because it highlights the importance of emotional intelligence and personal growth, which are often overlooked in traditional education. So much of school is focused on academics and performance, but this reminds me that true education also helps us understand ourselves. This line speaks to the idea that education should be holistic, not just about preparing students for tests or jobs. As someone pursuing nursing, I know that understanding myself helps me better care for others. I believe when students learn to reflect on their inner world, they gain confidence and empathy, which are essential for both personal well-being and healthy communities.
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scalar.case.edu scalar.case.edu
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reimagining the future of genres of media production that were otherwise closed and stagnant
This reminds me of the video we watched yesterday about Xanadu. It sounds like Twine is doing something different than replicating two dimensional paper media for the screen, which can feel stagnant. Yesterday we talked about how different forms of creation allow us to think differently. This resonates with the final line of this excerpt: "to invent new visions outside of traditional channels of commerce."
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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But even people who thought they were doing something good regretted the consequences of their creations
This reminds me of a source we read earlier this quarter. It talked about how the inventor of "doom-scrolling" regretted actions because he knew how much harm it would cause. It's honestly really sad that it turned out this way but it is also a good reminder that humans can get so caught up in what we can do that we don't think about if it will even benefit us.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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Other social media sites have used more unique features to distinguish themselves from Facebook and get a foothold, such as Twitter with its character limit (forcing short messages, so you can see lots of posts in quick succession), Vine and then TikTok based on short videos, etc.
This sentence made me think about how competition leads to innovation. Instead of trying to copy Facebook, platforms like TikTok and Twitter found success by doing something different. It reminds me of how in school or life, just following what others do doesn't always work—you need to find your own strength or unique style. I think this shows how being different can actually be an advantage, not a weakness.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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Ira Madison III. 'La La Land'’s White Jazz Narrative. MTV, December 2016. URL: https://www.mtv.com/news/5qr32e/la-la-lands-white-jazz-narrative (visited on 2023-12-10).
I consulted the article "La La Lands White Jazz Narrative" by Ira Madison III and found his viewpoints very inspiring. He pointed out that in the film La La Land, the male lead's insistence on defending true jazz is actually a way of presenting the occupation of African American cultural space by white characters. This made me start to re-examine some of the movies I used to like and reflect on whether there were similar cultural appropriation phenomena in them. Although the creator may have no ill intentions, this article reminds us that we need to be more vigilant in thinking about which voices are highlighted and which groups are marginalized.
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- May 2025
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www.americanyawp.com www.americanyawp.com
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orty-one separate consolidations each controlled over 70 percent of the market in their respective industrie
That is such a high number its crazy to believe a few people owned such a large percentage of the industries. It some what reminds me of how certain companies that seem different are actually owned under the same branch like the company that owns monster also owns a large portion of other energy drinks out there. Or how like Coca Cola owns dasaini.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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James Chen. Corner A Market: What it is, How it Works, Legality. Investopedia, April 2022. URL: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/corneramarket.asp (visited on 2023-12-10).
This reminds me of some situations in reality where people stockpile masks and eggs and then sell them at high prices. Although the scales are different, the principle seems to be similar. The article also states that in many countries, doing so is illegal because it makes the market unfair. I think this point is very important. Sometimes, the "clever" ways of making money might actually be unfair to others and even illegal.
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www.americanyawp.com www.americanyawp.com
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“except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted.”
This is an important sentence to note because it highlights the loophole of the 13th Amendment. Reading this statement reminds me of the fact that the U.S. has one of the largest incarceration rates in the world, predominantly made up of people of color such as Black men in particular. Today, prison labor is still used as cheap or free labor for various companies. Therefore, although slavery in the U.S. has been abolished, this loophole and the prominence of prison labor is eerily and sadly similar.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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Paul Billingham and Tom Parr. Enforcing social norms: The morality of public shaming. European J of Philosophy, 28(4):997–1016, December 2020. URL: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ejop.12543 (visited on 2023-12-10), doi:10.1111/ejop.12543.
This article talks about how publish shaming is an action with the purpose of upholding social norms. It reminds me of the popular phrase used on tiktok, "lets bring shame back". This phrase is used in the context of people posting inappropriate content to their public accounts and expecting no lash back even though there are children on the app. The point of bringing shame back is to stop these sort of behaviors.
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C. Thi Nguyen. Twitter, the Intimacy Machine. The Raven Magazine, December 2021. URL: https://ravenmagazine.org/magazine/twitter-the-intimacy-machine/ (visited on 2023-12-10).
This article reminds me to be cautious of the "false sense of intimacy" brought about by social media. Although these platforms make it easier for people to express their emotions and opinions, sometimes they can also make people mistakenly believe they understand others, and even affect judgment. This "illusion of intimacy" may also make people more prone to online arguments or misunderstandings.
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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anything that helps the researcher generate concepts for the emerging theory. According to Ralph, Birks, and Chapman field notes can come from informal interviews, lectures, seminars, expert group meetings, newspaper articles, Internet mail lists, even television shows, conversations with friends etc.[21]
Reminds me of how Luhmann wasn't just reading empiric publications for his theory — he also read some fiction
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cinematesttools.com cinematesttools.com
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Listen for rattles or other noises from the air conditioner or speaker chains or lamps
There is nothing more aggravating than watching a film that has rattles – irritating enough to notice, but only during the most exciting parts of the movie. When reported, they don't seem to get fixed.
So, please pay special attention to this and make the notes required to get it fixed.
This reminds me that we should create a 'ping' system so that these things get followed-up on.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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When we think about repair and reconciliation, many of us might wonder where there are limits. Are there wounds too big to be repaired? Are there evils too great to be forgiven? Is anyone ever totally beyond the pale of possible reconciliation? Is there a point of no return?
I have heard some victims say that they chose to forgive because they wanted to get themselves out of the pain, not because they wanted to forget, but to prevent hatred from continuing to control them. I think forgiveness is not necessarily about saying "it doesn't matter", but rather "I don't want to be trapped by this matter anymore". This reminds me of what was discussed in the psychology class about emotional release and self-growth. Sometimes letting go can actually be a form of strength.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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Cross-platform raids (e.g., 4chan group planning harassment on another platform [q5]) Stochastic terrorism [q6]
This reminds me a lot of Swatting, where streamers on platforms such as Twitch or YouTube would have cops called on them by someone and armed cops would come in and detain them live on stream. I remember how surprised I was seeing it happen for the first time live and how messed up I thought it was, even if it was for the extra entertainment value.
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colab.plymouthcreate.net colab.plymouthcreate.net
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whether academics were drug addicts,alcoholics, batterers, or sexual abusers, the only importantaspect of our identity was whether or not our minds func-tioned, whether we were able to do our jobs
A kind of reified vision that reminds me of critiques of priesthoods and the power of the mission.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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Individual harassment (one individual harassing another individual) has always been part of human cultures, bur social media provides new methods of doing so. There are many methods by which through social media. This can be done privately through things like: Bullying: like sending mean messages through DMs Cyberstalking: Continually finding the account of someone, and creating new accounts to continue following them. Or possibly researching the person’s physical location. Hacking: Hacking into an account or device to discover secrets, or make threats. Tracking: An abuser might track the social media use of their partner or child to prevent them from making outside friends. They may even install spy software on their victim’s phone. Death threats / rape threats Etc.
One section of the chapter that jumped out to me was the discussion of how abusers might utilize tracking and spyware on their victim's phones. This reminds me of previous situations in which survivors of domestic violence described how their partners monitored their location or texts without their permission. It's alarming how technology created for safety (such as location sharing or parental controls) can be twisted into tools of manipulation. It raises fundamental concerns about technology companies' ethical duties to build tools that prevent abuse. Should app creators be held liable if their tools are commonly misused in this manner?
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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Emiliano De Cristofaro. 4chan raids: how one dark corner of the internet is spreading its shadows. The Conversation, November 2016. URL: http://theconversation.com/4chan-raids-how-one-dark-corner-of-the-internet-is-spreading-its-shadows-68394 (visited on 2023-12-10).
I think this article highlights an important issue: The anonymity provided by social platforms not only safeguards freedom of speech, but also makes it easier for some people to engage in malicious behavior without facing consequences. This reminds me of the "platform responsibility" issue we discussed in class - if a platform is constantly used to organize harmful actions, should this platform bear some responsibility for this?
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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We tend to think of violence as being another “normatively loaded” word, like authenticity. But where authenticity is usually loaded with a positive connotation–on the whole, people often value authenticity as a good thing–violence is loaded with a negative connotation. Yes, the doctor setting the bone is violent and invasive, but we don’t usually call this “violence” because it is considered to be a legitimate exercise of violence. Instead, we reserve the term “violence” mostly fo
I think the word "violence" does carry a strong value judgment. It is not merely a term to describe an action; it is also a reflection of a social attitude. This reminds me of news reports where, if the police use force to arrest someone, different media outlets will have completely different descriptions. Some call it "law enforcement", while others call it "violent suppression". This shows that language itself influences how we perceive an action.
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dsq-sds.org dsq-sds.org
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The story I tell is both of ours, but for now I am the one telling it. In the near future, as Lydia's awareness and ability to tell her life grows, I want her voice to be heard more clearly. Rather than me speaking and writing about her, I hope we will speak and write together. What we can learn about difference by attending to both the child with disabilities and her mother should move us away from the notion that the child is necessarily an "other" to the mother...or vice versa. We need to hear both voices; they need to hear each other; and each must be believed if "difference" is to make a difference
I really appreciate how this part emphasizes the importance of shared voice and mutual recognition. The idea that the mother and daughter are not separate but deeply connected challenges the way we usually frame difference as distance. It reminds me that to truly understand difference, we have to listen to multiple perspectives—not just about someone, but with them.
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The story I tell is both of ours, but for now I am the one telling it. In the near future, as Lydia's awareness and ability to tell her life grows, I want her voice to be heard more clearly. Rather than me speaking and writing about her, I hope we will speak and write together. What we can learn about difference by attending to both the child with disabilities and her mother should move us away from the notion that the child is necessarily an "other" to the mother...or vice versa. We need to hear both voices; they need to hear each other; and each must be believed if "difference" is to make a difference
I really like the part about "both voices must be heard" in this paragraph. Many times we are used to "speaking for others", especially in the position of caregivers or educators, as if we know what is best for them. But this paragraph made me realize that true understanding is not to speak for her, but to speak with her. Lydia's growth is not just the growth of a child, but also a process in which a voice is gradually heard by the world. I think the author's respect is particularly touching, and it reminds us to listen - especially those voices that are not easy to be heard.
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She is not her diagnosis or "category." Her potential cannot be defined by her disability label. I want her to have teachers who reflect on and actualize a posture that brings full acceptance to the humanity of her person.
This sentence reminds me that after many students are labeled, it is difficult to be regarded as a complete person. Like Lydia, with the label of special needs, others can easily ignore her interests, personality and abilities. She is not synonymous with cognitive impairment, she is a child with unique ideas. The school should see what the child can do, not just what she lacks.
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barry-goldenberg.squarespace.com barry-goldenberg.squarespace.com
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Experiences of harassment, assault, or simply not seeing any representa-tion of LGBTQ lives in the curricula all contribute to negative school-basedexperiences. This chapter details recent studies and theoretical work on thehostile climate in schools, examines gaps in curricula, and discusses family-related issues that also challenge LGBTQ students or students with LGBTQparents. These may include a lack of role models in schools, discomfort withparental involvement, or, especially in the case of children with LGBTQ par-ents, difficult relations between school and family (Kosciw & Diaz, 2008).In keeping with our focus on the diversity of LGBTQ experiences, thischapter continues an analysis of the intersections of racial, gendered, andgender-identity-related violence, harassment, and alienation that students inpublic school and family settings experience.
This reminds me how representation in school isn't just symbolic—it has real emotional and psychological consequences. When LGBTQ students don’t see themselves reflected in the curriculum or feel unsafe in school environments, it impacts everything from learning to mental health. I also hadn’t thought much before about students with LGBTQ parents and the added challenges they face. This really shows how schools need to be more inclusive on multiple levels.
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barry-goldenberg.squarespace.com barry-goldenberg.squarespace.com
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In addition, homophobia has diverse roots, so being more aware of thedifferent biases and anxieties behind its expressions can be key to challeng-ing it and to challenging transphobia and other forms of exclusion as well.Even in the midst of thinking about bias and ensuring a fully educationalresponse, there is a danger in letting homophobia define how and why les-sons on sexual minorities are included in school. Institutional and legal re-strictions have shaped the lives of sexual minority people, yet it would be avast oversimplification to say that is the only reality of their lives. Sexuality,as discussed in Chapter 1, has a long and varied history-indeed historiesof identities and subjectivities may bear little resemblance to the categoriesby which we currently define sexual identity. As much as those communitiesand identity formations were related to restrictions on individuals' ability tolive, they nonetheless formed cultures and associations, and-like other mi-norities living in a cultural context shaped by bias-reshaped their worlds.Tactically, it may be possible to convince people who initially do not wantto include sexual minority issues in schooling that to do so would helpaddress the risks that LGBTQ students face. However, we also need to becareful not to frame LGBTQ issues as only risk or deficit ones. We need toprovide the opportunity to examine the positive aspects of LGBTQ commu-nities and cultures and the abilities of sexuality and gender diverse people tolive lives beyond institutional constraints.
This section really made me think about how LGBTQ topics are often framed around danger, risk, or trauma. While those realities are important, it's limiting if that’s all we focus on. I like how the reading reminds us that LGBTQ communities also have resilience, joy, and rich cultural histories. Including those aspects in education helps move the conversation from tolerance to genuine respect.
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hybridpedagogy.org hybridpedagogy.org
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Her work to expose systems of oppression is at once about her and about all of us, collectively and as individuals in the world.
This reminds me of the continued work of POC scholars to articulate the ways anger becomes a path to liberation. I'm inspired how it is shared that love and rage can sit side by side. The two forces can sculpt a journey toward positive change.
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new.express.adobe.com new.express.adobe.com
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because it reminds me of my great grandpa and grandma and the hard life they lived to help our famil
love that you are honoring them!
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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Jeremy Gray. Missing hiker rescued after Twitter user tracks him down using his last-sent photo. DPReview, April 2021. URL: https://www.dpreview.com/news/0703531833/missing-hiker-rescued-after-twitter-user-tracks-him-down-using-a-photo (visited on 2023-12-08).
This article and the use of crowd sourcing to find this missing person reminds me of the communities online which crowd source help to try to find missing children from their missing posters and pictures. Doxxing someone online may be one of the more easier things to do with open source information.
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WIRED. How to Not Embarrass Yourself in Front of the Robot at Work. September 2015. URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ho1RDiZ5Xew (visited on 2023-12-08).
I watched the WIRED video "How to Not Embarrass Yourself in Front of the Robot at Work" in Reference [p5]. The video is about how humans often act unnatural or even a little awkward when working with robots. This reminds me that although technology is becoming increasingly intelligent, humans have not yet fully adapted psychologically to the scenarios of interacting with non-human colleagues. Therefore, when designing human-computer interaction systems in the future, not only functionality should be considered, but also human emotions and social habits.
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new.express.adobe.com new.express.adobe.com
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It reminds me of a protest chant but on paper.
perfectly said!
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A psychoanalytical interpretation might suggest the flag expresses a collective need for visibility and healing after generations of racial trauma
reminds me of Faith Ringgold's Flag for the Moon
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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They demonstrate an ability to manage their personal data and examine how it is being used andtracked by other
This quote highlights the long-term impact of students’ digital behavior and the importance of teaching responsible online habits. It reminds me that digital citizenship is more than just avoiding harm, it’s about actively building a positive presence online. As a future educator, I want to help students understand that what they post, share, and engage with online can follow them into college and careers. Teaching students to manage their digital footprint thoughtfully is just as important as teaching traditional academic skills in today’s world.
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pressbooks.online.ucf.edu pressbooks.online.ucf.edu
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contract
Reminds me of the "Utopian Promise" video and the contracts of the New World the Quakers and Puritans were making on the ship and in the new land
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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Each part of the SAMR model is valuable in different contexts.
This quote emphasizes that the SAMR model (Substitution, Augmentation, Modification, and Redefinition) is not a rigid hierarchy, but rather a flexible framework. It reminds me that technology integration should be purposeful and context-driven. Sometimes a simple substitution is all that's needed, while in other situations, redefinition can unlock entirely new learning experiences. As a future teacher, this helps me think more critically about how I use tech, not aiming for the “highest” level, but the most effective one for my students and learning goals.
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This is a huge shift from how we viewed the privacy of our communications during the analog era.
This quote highlights how dramatically our expectations of privacy have changed in the digital age. In the past, there were clear legal protections around private communication, like phone calls. But now, with digital tools and platforms, those lines are much blurrier, especially when it comes to what companies and governments can access. As a future educator, this reminds me that teaching digital literacy isn’t just about using tools, it’s also about helping students understand their rights, how data is collected, and how to protect their privacy online.
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pressbooks.openeducationalberta.ca pressbooks.openeducationalberta.ca
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The ability of these programs to improve our lives is what makes them a beneficial technology to our everyday experiences, as well as our education systems.
This quote captures the heart of why educational technology matters; not just as a convenience, but as a meaningful way to enhance learning and daily life. When thoughtfully selected and implemented, digital tools can support students’ engagement, understanding, and access to content. It reminds me to focus on tools that have a clear, positive impact and not just use technology for the sake of it. As a future teacher, I want to make intentional choices that truly support student growth and make learning more inclusive and effective.
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er.educause.edu er.educause.edu
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With the continued adoption of mobile devices worldwide, instructional methods and tools that deliver content using mobile technology will continue to grow and therefore warrant their own assessment category.
This quote highlights the growing importance of mobile technology in education and the need to evaluate instructional methods specifically designed for these devices. As mobile use becomes more widespread, educators must consider how to effectively deliver content that is accessible and engaging on phones and tablets. This reminds me that, as a future teacher, I’ll need to stay informed about emerging mobile tools and how to assess their effectiveness to support diverse learners in various settings.
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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As educators, we must strive to create fully accessible learning environments for our students. This requires designinginclusive learning environments and evaluating the accessibility of digital tools and apps before using them in theclassroom to ensure all learners have the same opportunities to access and engage with course content.75
This quote highlights the critical responsibility educators have to ensure equity in learning by making environments accessible to all students. It reminds me that inclusivity isn’t just a nice-to-have; it’s essential for fair education. The emphasis on evaluating digital tools before using them is especially important in today’s tech-driven classrooms, where some apps or resources may unintentionally exclude learners with disabilities. This reinforces the need for me, as a future teacher, to be diligent about choosing tools that support diverse learning needs and to advocate for accessibility in all aspects of teaching.
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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A PLN is made up of people, spaces, AND tools that support your ongoing learning and professional growth
This quote stands out because it expands the idea of a Personal Learning Network beyond just the people we connect with. It emphasizes that the environments we engage in and the tools we use are equally important. As a future teacher, this reminds me that professional growth doesn't happen in isolation. I need to be intentional about the spaces I frequent (like online forums or conferences) and the tools I rely on (like note-taking apps or blogs). It’s also a good reminder that building a PLN isn’t just about networking, it’s about continuously seeking resources and environments that push my thinking, reflect diverse perspectives, and keep me engaged in lifelong learning.
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barry-goldenberg.squarespace.com barry-goldenberg.squarespace.com
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76Other studies support the view that teachers hold biased perceptions toward students of color. Oneof these involved a sample of 57 female teachers, most of whom were White. This researchexplored how teachers would react to misbehavior. Although the researchers found that theteachers, who represented all grade levels from across the country, did not respond stereotypicallyafter a student’s first infraction, they were more likely to stereotype Black students astroublemakers after a second infractio
This reminds me of the video we watched in class where the teachers looked at the Black boy more than the other students for misbehavior. There needs to be more representation of people of color when it comes to teachers because bias, especially bias from being unknowledgeable of cultural differences, negatively impacts how students are perceived. I think that if there isn’t any teacher that shares the same background of the students, stereotypes and biases go unchecked. Seeing how Black students were labeled as troublemakers after the second infraction, this conveys the stereotypical biases that influences education.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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Anil Dash. Against “Don’t Read the Comments”. Humane Tech, January 2016. URL: https://medium.com/humane-tech/against-don-t-read-the-comments-aee43ce515b9 (visited on 2023-12-08).
I think what he said makes sense. If we always avoid the comment section, those malicious people will take over it, and it will make the kind and constructive people silent. I once posted my work on social media and saw some people leaving encouraging comments, which made me feel very warm. But sometimes I am also affected by negative comments. If the platform and users can work together to create a better comment environment, then the comment section can actually become a very meaningful place. This reminds me that we can't just complain about the poor state of the online space; we also need to participate and improve it ourselves.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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Governments might also have rules about content moderation and censorship, such as laws in the US against CSAM. China additionally censors various news stories in their country, like stories about protests.
Its crazy to think of how involved the government is with controlling what can be viewed on social media platforms but they really do control it directly with the laws that they pass. This reminds me of the law to ban tiktok being made a priority over other important matters because the government is aware of how much information is really released on the platform.
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faculty.washington.edu faculty.washington.edu
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User control and freedom is the principle that people will take many paths through an interface (not always the intended ones), and so wherever they end up, they should be able to return to where they came from or change their mind. The notions of “Cancel” and “Undo” are the best examples of user control and freedom: they allow users to change their mind if they ended up in a state they didn’t want to be in. The dialog below is a major violation of this principle; it gives all of the power to the computer:
I think user control and freedom should be on the forefront of every designer's mind and treated with high priorityy for interface design. I'd even argue and say that it should be a critical proponent. I have definitely experienced frustration with the lack of user control and freedom on some interfaces. I think that someone can have an amazing design in all other aspects, and it would be an awful design because it lacks user control and freedom. Going back to my INFO300 class again, user control and freedom kind of reminds me of the Belmont Principals for ethics. I think ethical design respects individual autonomy and this is one way to achieve it.
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A user’s motivations for using the software.A user’s information processing style (top-down, which is more comprehensive before acting, and bottom-up, which is more selective.)A user’s computer self-efficacy (their belief that they can succeed at computer tasks).A user’s stance toward risk-taking in software use.A user’s strategy for learning new technology.
I think this breakdown of processes is a great checkbox in designing a product, and it kind of reminds me of the work we're currently doing in info 380. I remember at the start of the class after we picked our topics, we had to determine who our stakeholders were and think from their perspectice. Not only did we analyze interviews with users but also took notes on what features they expected or wanted.
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Consistency and standards is the idea that designs should minimize how many new concepts users have to learn to successfully use the interface.
This is an important element of design, as users can feel frustrated if they feel like they don't understand how a product works. Making things as simple as possible is essential for users to feel satisfied and for them to be able to meet their needs. This concept also reminds me of learning about conventions in other INFO classes, as there are established ways of completing certain tasks, and users become accustomed to them and begin to expect certain behaviors. For example, when people go up to a sink, there is an expectation that turning it to the left produces hot water and turning it to the right produces cold water.
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barry-goldenberg.squarespace.com barry-goldenberg.squarespace.com
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“I thought for a very long time that I was introverted. I realized that I just wanted to bemy true and genuine self - and that’s difficult if people act like it’s weird”
This quote powerfully captures the emotional and social toll of invisibility that many LGBTQ+ youth experience. Ngo’s reflection highlights a common misunderstanding: what might appear as introversion or social withdrawal can actually stem from a deeper, internal conflict—the fear of judgment for simply being oneself. In environments where queer and non-binary identities are viewed as “weird” or abnormal, students like Ngo often feel forced to suppress their personality in order to stay safe or accepted.
Rather than a lack of sociability, this is a survival strategy. It underscores the importance of affirming environments where youth can express their identity without fear. When Ngo says he “just wanted to be [his] true and genuine self,” it reminds us that authenticity isn't possible without cultural and institutional support. This makes me wonder, how many students are mislabeled as shy, antisocial, or unmotivated when in reality they’re struggling to feel seen and safe? What can educators do to create spaces where being different isn’t treated as “weird,” but as valuable?
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pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca
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“ ’Tain’t no boogerman got me tuh study ’bout. Maybe you think Ah ain’t treatin’ yuh right and you watchin’ me.”
This reminds me of how Jody acted.
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pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca
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“We got a rich man round here, then. Buyin’ passenger trains uh battleships this week?”
This reminds me of when the girl Daisy has the two suitors who offer to get her a steam ship and a passenger train.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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In the “tree” structure, each comment or reply is called a “node,” with the initial comment being the “root node.” Each of these nodes has lines showing which nodes are replies (in math terminology the replies are “children”
Tree structure for comments is helpful for understanding the concept of comments. The tree structure reminds me of the the previous coding topics: conditional statements and lists. Lists because each branch of a tree is like an ordered list of comments that are interconnected. Conditional statements because if a user responds to another comment it is added to a list.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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While there are healthy ways of sharing difficult emotions and experiences (see the next section), when these difficult emotions and experiences are thrown at unsuspecting and unwilling audiences, that is called trauma dumping [m11]. Social media can make trauma dumping easier. For example, with parasocial relationships, you might feel like the celebrity is your friend who wants to hear your trauma. And with context collapse, where audiences are combined, how would you share your trauma with an appropriate audience and not an inappropriate one (e.g., if you re-post something and talk about how it reminds you of your trauma, are you dumping it on the original poster?).
people suddenly sharing very private and painful experiences. The comment sections are either filled with kind comfort or clearly don't know how to respond. This phenomenon made me realize that it is very easy to blur the line between "appropriate" and "inappropriate" audiences online. I also agree with the "pseudo-social relationship" mentioned in the article, which may make people mistakenly believe that the other person is a friend willing to listen, and thus accidentally impose traumatic emotions on others.
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faculty.washington.edu faculty.washington.edu
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The only way to find out if something would actually be used is to implement your design and give it to people to see if it offers real value
This reminds me of the concept of MVP and the importance of first testing the idea and only then building a good product based on that idea. For example, before TurboTax was built, the founder first was interested if anybody would even want to file their taxes online. So instead of building an intricate system, they first built a super simple one that only filed a specific tax document that only a percentage of the population was eligible to file. It was done for the sake of simplicity to test out the idea without spending too many resources. The tool went viral and only then they started making it more universal for other tax filers too.
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new.express.adobe.com new.express.adobe.com
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This painting reminds me of the sunny days driving back and forth between Santa Barbara and Ventura, and glancing at the waves from the window.
so true!!
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Another way to observe the gender dimension of the classroom compro-mise is to focus on individual children and record and describe their behavior for an extended period of time. Here is what we found when we watched two children for a forty-five-minute class. Perhaps you will see yourself in their behavior. Maybe you will see your son or daughter.
This paragraph is a bit like inviting us to be "observers", not just to observe the overall atmosphere of a class, but to pay attention to individual gender behavioral differences. When I was teaching in the past, I found that boys are often more likely to be noticed in class, whether they are good or naughty, while girls are more likely to be ignored because they are usually more "well-behaved". This paragraph made me realize that sometimes our judgments about "who is active" or "who deserves encouragement" are actually mixed with gender bias. The phrase "maybe you will see yourself" is quite immersive, and it also reminds us to look at children's behavior with empathy.
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ipfs.indy0.net ipfs.indy0.net
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an ancient Gnostic wisdom text, The Thunder, Perfect Mind
for - book - The Thunder, Perfect Mind - reminds me of Thich Nhat Hahn's writing, or Rumi's poems
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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For social media content, replication means that the content (or a copy or modified version) gets seen by more people. Additionally, when a modified version gets distributed, future replications of that version will include the modification (a.k.a., inheritance). There are ways of duplicating that are built into social media platforms: Actions such as: liking, reposting, replying, and paid promotion get the original posting to show up for users more Actions like quote tweeting, or the TikTok Duet feature let people see the original content, but modified with new context. Social media sites also provide ways of embedding posts in other places, like in news articles There are also ways of replicating social media content that aren’t directly built into the social media platform, such as: copying images or text and reposting them yourself taking screenshots, and cross-posting to different sites
One thing that struck me about this chapter was how the concept of replication and inheritance on social media reflects how ideas evolve in real life. When someone edits a post, such as adding comments in the form of a quote tweet or remixing it in a TikTok Duet, it reminds me of how memes and cultural trends emerge through reinterpretation. It makes me wonder how much control we actually have over our original stuff once it's online. I also wonder if this type of replication dilutes the original message or amplifies it by allowing additional voices to add to it.
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Beautiful, feminine, popular with the boys, popular with the girls .... The one thing I would like to get across about my whole feeling regarding high school is how I was when I was fifteen: gawky, always a hem hanging down, or a strap loose, or a pimple on my chin. I never knew what to do with my hair. I was a mess. And I still carry that fifteen-year-old girl around now. A piece of me still believes I'm the girl nobody dances with.
It really captures how our teenage insecurities can stick with us for years. That image of the “girl nobody dances with” feels symbolic of how many people carry around a version of their younger, uncertain self. It reminds me of when I was in ninth grade and showed up to a school dance in an outfit I thought was cool—only to realize no one else dressed that way.
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In the central drama of adolescence, high school is when girls and boys begin their quests to develop an adult identity. They experiment with dif-ferent roles in ways that bewilder their parents. As one mother told us: My daughter comes home from school exhausted. She doesn't say much usually, but yesterday she couldn't stop talking. First she was so happy because the cast names were up for the play and she got a part.
This part beautifully shows how high school is more than just academics—it’s really where teens start trying out who they want to become. The phrase “experiment with different roles” totally makes sense; one day you’re shy and quiet, the next you’re suddenly in the school play or trying out for student council. It reminds me of my friend who used to be super introverted, but after she joined the drama club, she started to shine. She told me it felt like she finally found a version of herself that made sense—and that’s what high school is often about: testing things out until something clicks.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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Content is sometimes shared without modification fitting the original intention, but let’s look at ones where there is some sort of modification that aligns with the original intention. We’ll include several examples on this page from the TikTok Duet feature, which allows people to build off the original video by recording a video of themselves to play at the same time next to the original. So for example, This tweet thread of TikTok videos (cross-posted to Twitter) starts with one Tiktok user singing a short parody musical [l19] of an argument in a grocery store. The subsequent tweets in the thread build on the prior versions, first where someone adds themselves singing the other half of the argument, then where someone adds themselves singing the part of their child, then where someone adds themselves singing the part of an employee working at the store[1]:
This reminds me of a viral TikTok video from a while ago, where a girl accidentally hit her waist while recording and let out a high-pitched scream, which made the original video quite funny. Viewers noticed that the pitch of her scream matched certain musical melodies surprisingly well, so many users started remixing the scream into songs. These creative edits helped the content spread even more widely and demonstrated an alignment between the original humor and the way the video went viral.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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Monica Lewinsky (she/her) [@MonicaLewinsky]. 👀. May 2021. URL: https://twitter.com/MonicaLewinsky/status/1395734868407984136 (visited on 2023-12-08).
Although this tweet seemed very simple, it attracted a lot of attention and was retweeted on social media. It shows that nowadays on the Internet, even without speaking but only using expressions, one can still have a great ability to spread. I think this is also related to the "copying" and "inheritance" mentioned in this chapter. Many people add their own explanations or emotions when forwarding, and thus the content has a "new version". This tweet also reminds me that sometimes the power of social media is huge, and even a small action can trigger many reactions.
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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Thus, the objectifi cation of female bodies and the implementation of school dress codes are not neutral
This has given me some new ideas about the objectization of students in schools. Behind such requirements and policies lies actually the division and control of gender and race, which intensifies the control of gender and leads to a vicious circle. This reminds me of school uniforms. In China, all students are required to wear uniform clothing. I think this has some special differences from the dresscode. What China demands is collectivism that is for all genders, but the dress code for girl is a kind of materialization of women themselves.
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faculty.washington.edu faculty.washington.edu
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As you can see, prototyping isn’t strictly about learning to make things, but also learning how to decide what prototype to make and what that prototype would teach you.
This insight really resonates with me, especially thinking back to a hackathon I participated in recently. My team and I jumped into coding too quickly, thinking we had a solid solution. But halfway through, we realized we didn’t fully understand our users’ needs or the pain points we were trying to address. Looking back, a simple low-fidelity prototype, even just sketches, could have helped us clarify what problem we were solving and saved hours of backtracking. This quote reframes prototyping not just as a technical skill but as a thinking tool, one that helps guide decisions, not just execution. It reminds me that in any design process, it's just as important to ask why you're building something as it is to ask how you'll build it.
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You don’t make a prototype in the hopes that you’ll turn it into the final implemented solution.
I really appreciate this reframing of what a prototype is for. I completely agree that too often teams treat prototypes as mini-products and get locked into improving them rather than learning from them. Emphasizing that prototypes are disposable encourages a more experimental mindset, where failure isn’t a setback but a step toward clarity. This perspective is useful for my own projects because it reminds me to set clear learning goals before building anything, so I don’t waste time polishing details that may turn out to be irrelevant.
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faculty.washington.edu faculty.washington.edu
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Think of it like a variable in a program that gets reflected somehow in the user interface’s appearance or behavior. For example, consider an alarm clock. Its state includes things like the current time, an alarm time and a Boolean alarm on state. These states could be displayed to a user and modified by a user in a variety of ways.
This section kind of reminds me of variables in coding. I'm currently picking up python and SQL, and this idea perfectly encapulates what variables are. Bridging this to an interface of data and algorithms, I agree that although not directly, a lot of these "state" from different designs do overlap. If we were to take inspiration or use other designs as a template, it would be easier for us to get the variables down.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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Individual analysis focuses on the behavior, bias, and responsibility an individual has, while systemic analysis focuses on the how organizations and rules may have their own behaviors, biases, and responsibility that aren’t necessarily connected to what any individual inside intends. For example, there were differences in US criminal sentencing guidelines between crack cocaine vs. powder cocaine in the 90s. The guidelines suggested harsher sentences on the version of cocaine more commonly used by Black people, and lighter sentences on the version of cocaine more commonly used by white people. Therefore, when these guidelines were followed, they had have racially biased (that is, racist) outcomes regardless of intent or bias of the individual judges. (See: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fair_Sentencing_Act)
Reading about the distinction between individual and systemic analysis made me reflect on how frequently we attribute blame to individuals without considering the bigger systems that influence their actions. The example of drug sentence inequities in the United States was particularly remarkable, demonstrating how institutional racism may operate even when no one means harm. It reminds me of public health talks in which results differ dramatically across racial and socioeconomic lines, not because of individual choices, but because of systemic impediments such as access to care or environmental exposures. This makes me wonder: how do we effectively improve systems that are "invisible" in everyday life but have such significant consequences?
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Though even modifying a recommendation algorithm has limits in what it can do, as social groups and human behavior may be able to overcome the recommendation algorithms influence.
interesting! it reminds me of a plot point in 1984, where one of the procedurally-generated songs outlives all the others (and some written by hand) because its lyrics seem to resonate with people more.
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Fig. 11.3 A tweet [k4] highlighting the difference between structural problems (systemic analysis) and personal choices (individual analysis).
The systemic vs individual analysis reminds me of harm reduction vs punitive action. My first job was working in substance abuse prevention for my local county, where we focused on harm reduction. Instead of a focus on fear tactics and punitive attitudes (like the individual analysis) we talked to young people about ways to enrich their lives (systemic). Focusing on the root of the problem rather than cracking down on the individual is show to be more effective, and people naturally make safer decisions. I actively got to witness how effective focusing on systemic issues vs the individual is at a young age, which I am grateful for as it has helped me to see almost every aspect of life more holistically, and how effective systemic thinking is.
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docs.google.com docs.google.com
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I was my parents' child. Things most middle-class children wouldn't trouble to notice, I studied. Remembered to see: the starched black and white uniform worn by the maid who opened the door; the Mexican gardeners-their complexions as dark as my own. (One gardener's face, glassed by sweat, looked up to see me going inside.)
This reminds me of going to any of my bosses houses. It seems like every time I get a new boss and I go over its the same play over and over again. Hispanics working for white people. I always feel icky after I leave. I understand it is a job but I can't help but notice.
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er.educause.edu er.educause.edu
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we also lack the belief that we are even allowed to imagine something different
reminds me of Wengrow's primordial freedoms. We can't have the freedom to improve society if we can't imagine something different.
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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Benny and Miguel’s school and homes were located in adjacent low-income neighborhoods in Midwest City. Benny lived in Fountains, two blocks from the school in a subsidized apartment. The neighborhood was bounded by busy streets and a transportation hub
This section provides detailed background information about the neighborhoods where Benny and Miguel live, including racial proportions, poverty rates, and education levels. Although the numbers may seem a bit high, they actually tell us an important reality: these children are growing up in an environment with insufficient resources but cultural diversity. What impressed me was that although the poverty rates in different communities were high, the cultural composition and living conditions in each place were still different. The researchers did not use the word "poverty" to describe the complexity of these communities in detail, which also reminds us not to just look at economic data, but also to see the people living in them.
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Throughout the analysis process, we wove together the participants’ per-spectives, contexts, and histories; the literature; and our perspectives (LeCompte & Preissle, 1993; Lewis, Enciso, & Moje, 2007). Our experi-ences and identities were relevant. I am a White, Spanish-speaking teacher educator who has lived in Latin American, and the consultant is Latina, an education professional and researcher, originally from Argentina; we both have experience working in the communities studied. The research assistants were college students, Mexican American and Puerto Rican and all bilingual, who also participated in the data analysis along with the classroom teacher who is Puerto Rican and bilingual.
What is particularly worthy of praise in this paragraph is that the author frankly explained his and his team's background - including race, language ability, cultural experience, etc. They also emphasized that they considered the perspectives of the participants and reflected on their own positions when analyzing (this is "etic analysis"). I think this kind of self-disclosure is important because it reminds us that research is not neutral, but rather an understanding of the world with human experience and bias. Seeing so many people from different backgrounds working together to analyze materials also made me feel the diversity and inclusiveness of this research.
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In the study described here, the research team I led took a close look at the ways that two Latino families, living in two low-income neighborhoods simi-lar in some ways to those described by Neuman and Celano, “aggressively and persistently” nurtured their children’s developing literacy. More specifi-cally, we asked, What are the access points to literacy in the homes and low-income neighborhoods of two young Latino boys?
This paragraph emphasizes that the subjects of the study are two Latino families from low-income communities, and the focus is on how they "actively and continuously" support their children's literacy development. What I find particularly touching is that the study does not treat them as a vulnerable group, but rather sees their proactive efforts in family education. For example, although Benny and Miguel are only 6 years old and are still learning English, their families have already created space and opportunities for them to learn. This reminds me that insufficient resources do not mean insufficient enthusiasm for education.
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- Apr 2025
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docs.google.com docs.google.com
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reminds me of a woman looking directly at a man (and he doesn’t like it) of a woman fighting with her kids (but they need it) of a woman needing something real and swearing at the world (and the world doesn’t have it)
I really love how the script is flipped for this word. The narrator switches it to her being the one who says these things. The one who takes power. Where the word in origin is usually a derogatory, negative word used against women.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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David Robson. The women with superhuman vision. BBC, February 2022. URL: https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20140905-the-women-with-super-human-vision (visited on 2023-12-07)
This article talks about some women having particularly strong color vision ability and being able to see more colors than ordinary people. They are called "four-color visionaries". I think this discovery is amazing and it also reminds me that our understanding of vision is not comprehensive enough. When talking about "normal" senses, in fact, we overlook those who "see more", just as sometimes we also overlook those who see less, such as color-blind people. This article reminds me that when we design colors, we should not only consider color blindness, but also think about whether we can also take into account those with more acute vision.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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Making a tool adapt to users
It reminds me some confused designs on iphone, are they really adapting or subdue user? Like putting nothing new or very useless function on new iphone, but still promote new version every year. I feel people notice this recent years and sales of iphone goes down a little bit.
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medium.com medium.com
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Sign up & Login
I think the point about ease of account creation is really important because it’s usually the first real interaction a user has with a product. If the process is confusing or too long, people might just give up before even trying the actual service. I definitely agree with this part of the reading, it reminds me how important it is to remove unnecessary steps and keep things as simple as possible. It also made me think more about how I personally react to difficult sign-up processes and how much they can influence my impression of a product overall
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Don’t simply copy the designs you find in your research. The competitors may not be using best practices. Instead, be inspired by the solutions found in your research and adapt the solutions to fit your brand, product, and users
I couldn’t agree more. It’s easy to fall into the trap of thinking that because a competitor uses a certain design, it must be the best option — but that’s not always the case. I find this advice very useful because it encourages critical thinking and creativity rather than imitation. It reminds me that competitive analysis should be about understanding the market while innovating based on the specific needs of users, rather than just copying what already exists. This has changed my perspective a bit because I used to think of competitor research mainly as a blueprint to follow, but now I think of it more as a source of inspiration to build better products.
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A competitive analysis provides strategic insights into the features, functions, flows, and feelings evoked by the design solutions of your competitors.
I find it interesting that the article includes “feelings” as something to analyze, not just features and functions. This reminds me that user experience is about more than just what a product does; it’s also about how it makes people feel. I think it’s important to remember that emotions can be a big part of why someone chooses one product over another.
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Don’t simply copy the designs you find in your research. The competitors may not be using best practices. Instead, be inspired by the solutions found in your research and adapt the solutions to fit your brand, product, and users
This reminds me of an earlier chapter from Amy Ko's book when talking about methods on how to derive creativity. I believe immersing yourself in competitors work is one of the best ways to get yourself in a creative and innovative mindset. Starting with one of the questions mentioned later in the text like asking how the competitor is trying to solve the problem and then naturally flowing from there.
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www.pewresearch.org www.pewresearch.org
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When explicitly offered the economy as a response, more than half of respondents (58%) chose this answer; only 35% of those who responded to the open-ended version volunteered the economy. Moreover, among those asked the closed-ended version, fewer than one-in-ten (8%) provided a response other than the five they were read. By contrast, fully 43% of those asked the open-ended version provided a response not listed in the closed-ended version of the question
This reminds me of learning about Confirmation bias and social desirability bias in research methods. I always thought it was so interesting how humans behave so differently when being observed for for some form of social credit. I believe it is incredibly important to be as monotone as possible and try to leave the motivations at the door when it comes to taking surveys.
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In addition to the number and choice of response options offered, the order of answer categories can influence how people respond to closed-ended questions.
This reminds me of ordering food at restaraunts. If I was just asked open-endedly on what food do I want right now, I would answer something completely different from if I was choosing a dish from a menu. Especially, if there are too many options on the menu, it's always very hard to choose "the best one" that I want to order. I imagine a similar psychology is involved in surveys.
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educationaltechnologyjournal.springeropen.com educationaltechnologyjournal.springeropen.com
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asynchronous activities based on the transmission of content knowledge that was later integrated in synchronous meetings.
This is something I'd like to do more of, sort of reminds me of the "flipped classroom" model where students would work on something asynchronously and then we'd incorporate it into our Zoom or In person class learning activity. However, my concern is for not having a critical mass of students who would consistently complete the asynchronous activity ahead of time and show up to class and participate in the synchronous activity.
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Local file Local file
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Intermediate 2 was then reacted with 6-thioguanineand triethylamine (TEA) in dimethylformamide (DMF) toform intermediate 3 in an 85% yield, which was then reactedwith chloroformates and pyridine in dichloromethane (DCM)to form carbamate derivatives
The use of TEA and DMF to promote the reaction between tosylated pleuromutilin and thioguanine reminds me of the SN2 reactions from the first and second orgo quarters where a strong nucleophile displaces a good leaving group in polar aprotic solvent.
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opentext.uoregon.edu opentext.uoregon.edu
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The way heritage speakers use their heritage languages can look different from the way "native" speakers of the language use it,
This reminds me a lot of the spanglish I grew up around. A lot of my friends that grew up with latino parents don't speak back to their parents in spanish it's almost like a hybrid of both. I do this too inadvertently when talking to my grandparents when I stumble across a word I don't know.
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docdrop.org docdrop.orgview4
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We observed a similar pattern in school interactions. Overall, the working-class and poor adults had much more distance or sepa-ration from the school than their middle-class counterparts.
Lareau notes a trend of 'distance or separation' between working-class and poor adults and school institutions, contrasting with the greater engagement of middle-class parents. This observation reminds me of another reading this week indicating that the demanding schedules and lack of flexibility often experienced by working-class families can limit their ability to engage in with their children school.
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This study is based on interviews and obser-vations of children, aged 8 to 10, and their families. The data were collected over time in three research phases. Phase one involved observations in two third-grade classrooms in a public school in the Midwestern com-munity of "Lawrenceville."4 After conduct-ing observations for two months, I grouped the families into social class (and race) cat-egories based on information provided by educators. I then chose every third name, and sent a letter to the child's home asking the mother and father to participate in sepa-rate interviews. Over 90 percent of parents agreed, for a total of 32 children (16 white and 16 African American). A black graduate student and I interviewed all mothers and most fathers (or guardians) of the children. Each interview lasted 90 to 120 minutes, and all took place in 1989-1990.
This paragraph is about how the study was done - it sounds pretty solid. They visited 32 families of children between the ages of 8 and 10, and spent several months observing, grouping, and conducting in-depth interviews. I think the most interesting thing is that they also classified by social class and race, which shows that the author really wants to find out how "family background" affects children. To be honest, this reminds me of a classmate in elementary school. His parents loved to contact the teacher and would show up at school at any time to arrange tutoring, but in fact it could widen the gap in the children's development.
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These findings extend Kohn and Schooler's (1983) observa-tion of class differences in parents' values, showing that differences also exist in the be-havior of parents and children. Quantitative studies of children's activities offer valuable empirical evidence but only limited ideas about how to conceptualize the mechanisms through which social advantage is transmitted. Thus, my second goal is to offer "conceptual umbrellas" useful for mak-ing comparisons across race and class and for assessing the role of social structural lo-cation in shaping daily life.
This paragraph is quite realistic, saying that parents from working-class and poor families don't pay much attention to developing their children's "special talents", but rather let their children play by themselves when they are free, and the connection between relatives is deeper. This reminds me of when I was a child, I spent most of my summer vacation at my grandmother's house, and my cousins and I played together every day. No one arranged interest classes or anything like that. I felt that life was quite free, but it really had nothing to do with "special development".
And finally, although there is a lot of data, research often lacks a "big framework" to explain how social advantages are transmitted - this resonates with me too much. Many times, it's not the lack of data, but the lack of an idea to piece together the fragments. Life is much more complicated, and it can't be explained by a few tables.
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An ethnographic data set of white children and black children approximately JO years old shows the effects of social class on interactions inside the home. Middle-class parents engage in concerted cultivation by attempting to foster children's talents through organized leisure activities and extensive reasoning. Working-class and poor parents engage in the accomplishment of natural growth, providing the condi-tions under which children can grow but leaving leisure activities to children them-selves. These parents also use directives rather than reasoning. Middle-class chil-dren, both white and black, gain an emerging sense of entitlement from their family life. Race had much less impact than social class.
This passage is actually quite interesting - it compares the way middle-class families and working-class/poor families raise children. Parents in middle-class families will deliberately arrange interest classes and extracurricular activities, and will use "reasoning" to guide their children; while working-class families are more likely to let their children grow up freely, and they don't arrange many "organized" activities. This reminds me of my childhood, when my parents always said "go play by yourself", and now I think it's quite free.
But the article also points out that this difference will make children from middle-class families more likely to have a feeling of "I deserve more", which is the so-called "entitlement", which may become a kind of self-confidence in adulthood. Children from working-class families do not develop this mentality so obviously. Therefore, the influence of social class on children's personality and opportunities is actually quite far-reaching, not just a matter of money.
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docdrop.org docdrop.orgview1
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poor, White trash," Danny hissed as he sashayed by me on the dusty, pebble-filled p!a~ground at first recess. I started to cry, and I remember that Phillip laughed and said, "He's crying like someone just threw dirt in his eyes." And that's exactly what it felt like being told you're poor without being ready for it. I had no idea-absolutely no inkling whatsoever-that I'd spent the last eight years in poverty. I grew up in West Virginia, where the entire state looks l
This paragraph is so sad and true. The young author didn't realize that he was "poor" until he was called "white trash" by others - before that, he didn't even realize that he was poor. Especially the sentence "Third grade was the first time I learned 'I am poor' in school" is really touching, like a social label suddenly hit. It reminds me of a similar moment when I was a child, that is, you thought everything was fine, until someone reminded you that you were "different" with a certain look, and you will always remember that shock.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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Kurt Wagner. This is how Facebook collects data on you even if you don’t have an account. Vox, April 2018. URL: https://www.vox.com/2018/4/20/17254312/facebook-shadow-profiles-data-collection-non-users-mark-zuckerberg (visited on 2023-12-05).
I was shocked at how much control people have over their own online identity with regard to Facebook. That there is the potential for my information to end up on their servers because someone who knows me has uploaded their list of contacts is a violation I never agreed to. What's more frustrating is the lack of transparency and that even when Facebook claims to be deleting data, it's most likely collecting new data at the same time. It makes me question how much control we truly have on the internet and how it reminds me that having the ability to opt-out of a platform is not always about opting-out of its reach.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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By looking at enough data in enough different ways, you can find evidence for pretty much any conclusion you want. This is because sometimes different pieces of data line up coincidentally (coincidences happen), and if you try enough combinations, you can find the coincidence that lines up with your conclusion.
This paragraph made me reflect on how easy it is to unintentionally manipulate data, especially when you're trying to prove a point. I’ve seen this happen in group projects where someone cherry-picked stats to support our thesis, but when we looked deeper, the broader dataset told a different story. It reminds me of how important it is to approach data with skepticism and to consider context rather than just patterns. Is there a reliable method to distinguish between meaningful correlations and coincidences in data?
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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Sometimes a dataset has so many problems that it is effectively poisoned or not feasible to work with.
Data poisoning reminds me of what happened to the Tay chatbot that has been previously mentioned. Since Microsoft allowed Tay to use Twitter as its learning ground, many users used slurs and other profanities in response to the chatbot with malicious intent. It was intentional data poisoning meant to push the bot to have a more racist viewpoint while also spouting some horrendous phrases.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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This is a common case of technological advancements designed to assist human interaction, negatively affecting us. Social media algorithms are designed to show people exactly what they want to see online, but this can be dangerous as it is seen to be very addictive because it is designed to specifically make you spend more time on the app. This reminds me of the idea that when something is free (like social media), then you are the product. We are all being used for our attention spans to watch ads all day.
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open.library.okstate.edu open.library.okstate.edu
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Proposals are written in a professional, but not bureaucratic, style. Think of this as a plain (non-literary) style, but with some appeal to emotion (pathos).
This quote reminds me that I need to balance clarity with persuasion. It is important to use plain language to remain professional and accessible, yet it is usually acceptable to appeal to my audience's values and concerns but it's important to avoid manipulation and exaggeration.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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Social media sites then make their money by selling targeted advertising, meaning selling ads to specific groups of people with specific interests. So, for example, if you are selling spider stuffed animal toys, most people might not be interested, but if you could find the people who want those toys and only show your ads to them, your advertising campaign might be successful, and those users might be happy to find out about your stuffed animal toys. But targeting advertising can be used in less ethical ways, such as targeting gambling ads at children, or at users who are addicted to gambling, or the 2016 Trump campaign ‘target[ing] 3.5m black Americans to deter them from voting’ [h17].
This reminds me of the insane occurrence when you're talking about a product or brand with your friend that you've never heard of, looked up, or engaged with before and then later that day you'll see an ad for that exact product/brand on snapchat or instagram and wonder if social media is listening to you. I'd really like to understand how and why this happens. Are they really recording our conversations? Are there certain buzzwords that you can say to trigger this instance? Is it just a big coincidence and a case of confirmation bias?
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Local file Local file
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This social structure reminds me of the social patterns separating dolphins that used the sponges as tools and those that didnt.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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Trolling is when an Internet user posts inauthentically (often false, upsetting, or strange) with the goal of causing disruption or provoking an emotional reaction. When the goal is provoking an emotional reaction, it is often for a negative emotion
This section reminds me of times when I’ve seen people post obviously fake or mean comments just to make others upset, especially in livestream chats or game forums. I used to think they were just joking, but now I realize it was trolling. It’s interesting to learn that some people do it to feel powerful or smart. I’ve even seen people try to “troll the newbies,” which I didn’t know was an actual term before reading this.
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Com-pared to chromosomal sex, which is seen (by these definitions) as tending to be immutable, immanent in the individual, and biologically based, the meaning of gender is seen as culturally mutable and variable, highly relational (in the sense that each of the binarized genders is defined primarily by its relation to the other), and inextricable from a history of power differentials between genders.
Exactly, reminds me of Judith Butler's theorizing of gender as a performative practice.
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everyonecan.org.uk everyonecan.org.uk
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Some people argue that people you meet on social media aren’t your real friends. Sure, online provides people with a lot of scope to not be honest, but there are just as many people if not loads more, who are genuine online.
Text to World
This reminds me a lot about hat we learn on social media from people all around the world. Yes, we can make genuine friends, but we also follow "influencers" from anywhere and everywhere in the world. It is our way of making different connections with new people, while also gaining information quickly about world events that news stations often do not cover.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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Whitney Phillips. Internet Troll Sub-Culture's Savage Spoofing of Mainstream Media [Excerpt]. Scientific American, May 2015. URL: https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/internet-troll-sub-culture-s-savage-spoofing-of-mainstream-media-excerpt/ (visited on 2023-12-05).
This reminds me of the current social media where many people attract attention by creating fake news and false events, undermining the public's trust in genuine information. This kind of behavior not only affects the quality of information dissemination, but also intensifies social division and opposition.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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Emotional labor. November 2023. Page Version ID: 1185951267. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Emotional_labor&oldid=1185951267 (visited on 2023-11-24).
This sociological term brings up the emotional anf facial requirement to workers in service industry when facing with the customer in order to deliver a comfortable service. This might be inauthentic because workers are not allowed to bring up negative vibes, languages, and energy to the customer even if that's what their actual feeling. This reminds me of the news that went viral in Shanghai last year that a barista from manner coffee threw coffee powder to a customer's face and yelled at her since the staff cannot tolerate customer's repetitive, non-negotiable, and unreasonable complaint in busy hours. That showcases the fact the competitiveness of current service industry in Asia is driving the trained staff uncontrollably manage their feelings even when they are emotional labor.
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Peter Aldhous. At First It Looked Like A Scientist Died From COVID. Then People Started Taking Her Story Apart. BuzzFeed News, August 2020. URL: https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/peteraldhous/bethann-mclaughlin-twitter-suspension-fake-covid-death (visited on 2023-12-07).
This article talks about an instance in which a Twitter account that's supposedly run by a scientist who died from COVID is revealed to be fake. This article reminds me of a phenomenon that I've heard is pretty prevalent in the publishing community with authors pretending to be a different race than they are to get diversity points and I think I remember there being an author who did fake their death in a similar manner to this scientist so it seems like this issue is prevalent across communities with how easy it is to do something like this behind the anonymity of being online
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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Comedy Central. Drunk History - John Adams and Thomas Jefferson Had Beef. February 2018. URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l6Ove4_JsCM (visited on 2023-11-24).
I watched the video "Drunk History - John Adams and Thomas Jefferson Had Beef" in [e3] and thought it told real events in American history in a very humorous and creative way. Although the video presents history in the voice of a drunken narrator, it is based on actual historical sources, particularly the political and personal conflicts between Adams and Jefferson. This form of dissemination of knowledge in an entertaining way reminds me of the many content creators on social media today, who use jokes, clips or re-enactment to talk about history and science to reach a large audience of young people. In my opinion, this also reflects the diversification of information dissemination methods today, and echoes the "how blogs and other online platforms change the way information is transmitted" discussed in this chapter.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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In the mid-1990s, some internet users started manually adding regular updates to the top of their personal websites (leaving the old posts below), using their sites as an online diary, or a (web) log of their thoughts. In 1998/1999, several web platforms were launched to make it easy for people to make and run blogs (e.g., LiveJournal and Blogger.com). With these blog hosting sites, it was much simpler to type up and publish a new blog entry, and others visiting your blog could subscribe to get updates whenever you posted a new post, and they could leave a comment on any of the posts.
I think this section is really interesting to talk about the origins of blogging, but the earliest blogs were actually like people keeping diaries on the Internet. It reminds me that I used to use blogging platforms like Tumblr to record my mood and share photos, although I didn't think it was a "blog" at the time, but in fact, it did things very similar to the early blogs. Reading this part made me realize that, in fact, people have always had the need to share their lives and ideas through the Internet, but the platform has changed from the initial blog to the current micro blog, little red book, friend circle and so on. Tools are changing, but people's desire to express and communicate has always been there, which is really very touching.
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With these blog hosting sites, it was much simpler to type up and publish a new blog entry, and others visiting your blog could subscribe to get updates whenever you posted a new post, and they could leave a comment on any of the posts.
This sentence reminds me of how we now use platforms like Canvas to write discussion posts and share reflections. As a non-native English speaker, I really appreciate the chance to write and revise my thoughts before sharing. It gives me more confidence to participate. Blog-style platforms made it easier for people like me to join conversations in public spaces.
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or instance, we might imagine the scholar’s role as providing an “analytical slice”—a kind ofguided tour—of a selection from an archive that allows a more seamless integration of researchmaterials and scholarly analysis
Reminds me a bit of the "Essay" function on PECE: https://colab.ws/articles/10.1007%2F978-3-030-77431-8_3
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When webegan, we imagined that the fellowships would gradually prove less and less necessary as authoringplatforms improved, as “mainstream” academic presses moved toward inventive forms ofelectronic publishing, and as distinctions between the “digital” and the “traditional” humanitiesbegan to wane. We seriously underestimated the pace of change within academe
In a way, this reminds me a bit of the work we're (still) doing as part of COPIM/OBF WP6...
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faculty.washington.edu faculty.washington.edu
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The best way to have a good idea is to have a lot of ideas.
I love this quote and how it reframes failure as a necessary part of creativity. It’s reassuring to know that bad ideas aren’t wasted—they’re stepping stones toward better ones. It makes the process feel less intimidating and more like an ongoing exploration. I’ve definitely been guilty of expecting my first idea to be perfect, but this reminds me that quantity can lead to quality with enough reflection and iteration.
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Why would you spend a bunch of time generating good ideas when there are so many good ideas already out there?
I found that this perspective is both refreshing and practical. I used to think that being creative meant coming up with fully original ideas; in addition to that, Ko's suggestion that we can remix and build on existing ideas makes creativity feel more accessible. It also reminds me that research and observation are important parts of the creative process. This changes the way I approach design, and I do not need to start from scratch; I can start from somewhere to make it better.
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people are inherently creative, at least within the bounds of their experience, so you can just ask them for ideas.
I agree with this sentence that people are inherently creative within the bounds of their experience. This perspective reminds me how valuable it is to include diverse voices in the design process, since different backgrounds bring different insights. However, I also think there’s a limit to relying only on what people think they need. Sometimes they don't know what's possible or how to express it clearly, so combining their input with thoughtful interpretation is key.
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docs.google.com docs.google.com
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Memory brought you here. Brought us here. Your history is here. Your family. Your parents and grandparents and great-grandparents.
This text hits personally. It reminds me of all of the ethnicities that I am and always makes me proud of my roots. Although all of my grandparents are immigrants they are all from different stretches of land: Russia, the Philippines, and Mexico.
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docdrop.org docdrop.orgview1
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In contrast, and borrowing from Putnam (1993, 1995), regular-track, U.S.-born youth are "socially decapitalized." Through a protracted, institutionally mediated ·process of cle-Mexicanization that results in a de-identification from the Spanish language, Mexico, and things Mexican, they lose an organic connection to those among them who ;ire academically oriented
This reminds me of the mission during the early stage of the New World when Europeans aimed to Christianize Native Americans and demolish the religion and customs of the their culture. The incentive may be similar in the sense that both dominating groups seek to modernize their society.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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Before this centralization of media in the 1900s, newspapers and pamphlets were full of rumors and conspiracy theories [e2]. And now as the internet and social media have taken off in the early 2000s, we are again in a world full of rumors and conspiracy theories.
This reminds me of a book I've read once, The Age of Magical Overthinking, where the introduction touches on how people seem to inherently desire to think "magically" through superstition or other means for a variety of reasons from absolving responsibility to making sense of what doesn't make sense. This makes me think that this particular trait extends beyond the superstition and into why people seem so interested in rumors and conspiracy theories inherently
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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now called 8Kun) is an image-sharing bulletin board site that was started in 2013. It has been host to white-supremacist, neo-nazi and other hate content. 8Chan has had trouble finding companies to host its servers and internet registration due to the presence of CSAM, and for being the place where various mass shooters spread their hateful manifestos. 8Chan is also the source and home of the false conspiracy theory QAnon [e26]
It reminds me Bilibili in China. It was a very friendly platform for people who like anime. However, with more traffic and people come to it, it become a very complex and chaotic platform filled with unhealthy memes and problematic content.
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templeu.instructure.com templeu.instructure.com
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In private boardrooms and Congressional hearings, deregulatory proponents claimed that consumers would be better served by a less regulated media industry where competition, they promised, would flourish
I feel like this reminds me of how streaming works nowadays. It has less regulations than TV or radio because of how new the technology is, and at first, it seemed like that didn't matter at all because it seemed like the big companies were allowing consumers to take even more control into what we watch, how, and when. However, as time has gone on, it is clear that this deregulation has caused a lot of problems for consumers and even people working in the industry. Actors, directors, and production members are not getting residuals from their work despite it being watched by millions, companies are taking shows and movies off their services to save costs (even though their services were supposed to make watching content easier for consumers), and every company has their own service which makes paying to watch everything more expensive than having cable TV.
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Thus, cable channels concentrated on smaller segments of the audience, often programming for under‐represented minorities who were ignored, marginalized, and/or negatively stereotyped on broadcast television’s efforts at achieving “least offensive programming.
This concept has already been discussed in our lectures, with the word "objectionable" replacing "offensive" in this case. Our lectures defined this type of programming as material that would prevent audiences from switching channels and keep them engaged. In this context, it is implied that anyone who wasn't straight, white, or male was "objectionable". It's not shocking that America did not care to see minorities on their TV screens. This connects to the constant struggle for positive minority representation, and how it seemingly stems from the American majority not wanting to see people of color, women, or queer people on their televisions. Addtionally, since I'm in PR, this reminds me of the concept of marketability, and how influencers of color have a harder time scoring brand deals and partnerships because mainstream audiences do not resonate with them.
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“Television is just another appliance. It’s a toaster with pictures,”
This is an interesting comparison, and as the remainder of the sentence puts it, truly demonstrates the contempt that TV evokes from people. It reminds me of the the common phrase "TV rots your brain". Personally, I would argue against television not being a key facilitator in social change. The role the television has played in shaping American culutre is far too signficant to downplay. The significance comes from TV's ability to relay messages in each program, with those messages informing audiences of societal values and instilling them into their minds.
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Generally, for project agreements to be effective, developers should negotiate with stakeholders who are representative of the community.
This reminds me of what we talked about in class where they have one high ranking community member on the Mine poster and think that's all of the stakeholders.
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annas-archive.org annas-archive.org
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Asking is a sign of seriousness
- sometimes I feel nervous to ask questions, but this reminds me that asking shows I care and want to do good work.
CH 6 , page 60
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primary sources are the what of scholarship, while secondary sources are the so what. In academic writing, skill in handling both kinds of sources is essential
- This reminds me to take my time and really read my sources before writing. It’s not just about grabbing quotes but actually understanding them.
CH 6, page 58
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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I often encourage my students to feel when we learn about inequality, because oppression works in a way so that we no longer feel empathy for target groups.
This line really stood out to me. I like how the author reminds us that learning about inequality shouldn’t just be about facts—it’s about feeling something too. It’s so easy to become numb when we see injustice all the time, but that loss of empathy is dangerous. If we stop feeling, we stop caring, and that’s when real harm continues unnoticed. This quote is a powerful call to stay human in how we approach social issues.
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docdrop.org docdrop.orgview1
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Kids from affiuent homes also bring their parents' affluence to school.
This is quite true. It reminds me of an expression I have heard in the past which states that for the first 18 years of a child's life, there actions are a direct representation/mimicry of their parents that have raised them! This can include affluency, mannerisms, vernacular, etc...
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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Or if I want to see for a given account, how much they tweeted “yesterday,” what do I mean by “yesterday?” We might be in different time zones and have different start and end times for what we each call “yesterday.”
reminds me of how i occasionally see that a file was "edited tomorrow" due to misconfigured time settings (though with interpretation of tine zones, i could imagine how this could be a feature!)
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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Shannon Bond. Elon Musk wants out of the Twitter deal. It could end up costing at least $1 billion. NPR, July 2022. URL: https://www.npr.org/2022/07/08/1110539504/twitter-elon-musk-deal-jeopardy (visited on 2023-11-24).
The point that Elon Musk made to back up his concerns with buying twitter was the amount of bots on the platform which reminds me of chapter 3 that we went over on monday. He originally was buying the platform with the assumption that the majority of users are humans so I can understand why he took a step back when finding out about how many bots there are, especially when its billions of dollars on the line.
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The Onion. 6-Day Visit To Rural African Village Completely Changes Woman’s Facebook Profile Picture. The Onion, January 2014. URL: https://www.theonion.com/6-day-visit-to-rural-african-village-completely-changes-1819576037 (visited on 2023-11-24).
This article from The Onion is a satirical replication of the aforementioned "pernicious ignorance" one may have when deciding to post about travel abroad experiences they have had without regard for the implications of posting other people online. It highlights the traveler's cognitive dissonance between valuing the confidentiality of the people/children they meet/help and their own want for praise and recognition for a good deed. This reminds me of, and I feel is similar to, the question of whether or not babies should be posted online or not, by their parents or others. The posters may think it is harmless and what matters is the joy they'll feel when others see this cute baby, but the baby that grows up may feel very uncomfortable with the fact that a significant portion of their childhood was documented online for people to see.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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As you can see in the apple example, any time we turn something into data, we are making a simplification.[1] If we are counting the number of something, like apples, we are deciding that each one is equivalent. If we are writing down what someone said, we are losing their tone of voice, accent, etc. If we are taking a photograph, it is only from one perspective, etc.
This chapter reminds me that when we use data to look at problems, we are actually simplifying the real thing. For example, when we count apples, we treat each one as the same, but in fact each apple is different in size, color, and taste. And when we record other people's words, we can't hear the tone and emotion, only the words are left. It strikes me that while data makes things clearer, it sometimes makes us miss important details. So should we pay more attention to these neglected things in the future?
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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Think for a minute about consequentialism. On this view, we should do whatever results in the best outcomes for the most people. One of the classic forms of this approach is utilitarianism, which says we should do whatever maximizes ‘utility’ for most people. Confusingly, ‘utility’ in this case does not refer to usefulness, but to a sort of combo of happiness and wellbeing. When a utilitarian tries to decide how to act, they take stock of all the probable outcomes, and what sort of ‘utility’ or happiness will be brought about for all parties involved. This process is sometimes referred to by philosophers as ‘utility calculus’. When I am trying to calculate the expected net utility gain from a projected set of actions, I am engaging in ‘utility calculus’ (or, in normal words, utility calculations). Now, there are many reasons one might be suspicious about utilitarianism as a cheat code for acting morally, but let’s assume for a moment that utilitarianism is the best way to go. When you undertake your utility calculus, you are, in essence, gathering and responding to data about the projected outcomes of a situation. This means that how you gather your data will affect what data you come up with. If you have really comprehensive data about potential outcomes, then your utility calculus will be more complicated, but will also be more realistic. On the other hand, if you have only partial data, the results of your utility calculus may become skewed. If you think about the potential impact of a set of actions on all the people you know and like, but fail to consider the impact on people you do not happen to know, then you might think those actions would lead to a huge gain in utility, or happiness. When we think about how data is used online, the idea of a utility calculus can help remind us to check whether we’ve really got enough data about how all parties might be impacted by some actions. Even if you are not a utilitarian, it is good to remind ourselves to check that we’ve got all the data before doing our calculus. This can be especially important when there is a strong social trend to overlook certain data. Such trends, which philosophers call ‘pernicious ignorance’, enable us to overlook inconvenient bits of data to make our utility calculus easier or more likely to turn out in favor of a preferred course of action.
These paragraphs tell us that it is important to collect comprehensive data, think about the impact of relevant parties, and considering the groups that are easily overlooked before making decisions. This reminds me of cyberbullying in the society today. Lots of people only listen to one side of the story. They get emotionally stirred up by comments on a popular influencer’s social post and end up participating in online bullying against the other group. This kind of behavior stems from a lack of critical thinking and the unwillingness to investigate the truth from multiple perspectives, which can have serious consequences.
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docs.google.com docs.google.com
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I am Joaquín,lost in a world of confusion,caught up in the whirl of a gringo society,confused by the rules,scorned by attitudes,suppressed by manipulation,and destroyed by modern society.My fathershave lost the economic battleand wonthe struggle of cultural survival
This similar theme kind of reminds me of one of my songs by Green Day which is "Jesus of Suburbia". While the struggles are different I would argue the attitude, angst, and context of cultural and political scenes share a similar ground in that sense...
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I SHALL ENDURE! I WILL ENDURE!
This comment really resonates with me because it reminds me of the "Si se puede!" line of the UFW which were also a large movement of Chicano culture and one I can especially relate to since I had family who were directly involved with this during the Delano Drape Strike.
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opentext.uoregon.edu opentext.uoregon.edu
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can we exploit this for educational purposes?
This reminds me of how teachers or parents teach little children who might not understand the meaning of simple words like cat. This is why children books use pictures and sounds so that they can associate them with a specific word.
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opentext.uoregon.edu opentext.uoregon.edu
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based on your knowledge of body language or how greetings typically work.
This reminds me of some of the discussion we had in class about body cues and the various things that can be picked up from those slight changes. This also got me thinking about which one of these three learning theories applied to my life. I never reacted to reward and stimulus the same way I reacted to body language and cues.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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Additionally, some sites are primarily built for other purposes but have a social media component as well, such as the Amazon online store that has user reviews and customer questions & answers, or news sites that have comment sections.
Using this as an example reminds me of how the sites that colleges use for assignments such as canvas could also be deemed as a form of social media. Not only do much classes have discussion posts were students can share ideas, but they can also email eachother through the website. This ideology opened my mind to how many things could be considered social media.
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docdrop.org docdrop.orgview1
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for Bourdieu, hools act as insti-tutional agents chat reward the cultural capital of the dominant c_lasses and devalue those of the working classes and the poor.
This reminds me of a polisci class I took 2 quarters back, in which Pierre Bourdieu’s concept of habitus was introduced to me. Students from working-class or immigrant households carry cultural dispositions misaligned with institutional expectations, and this mismatch contributes to disengagement and internalized failure. At home, I was once taught to listen, never challenge elders (because they always have more wisdom), and keep my head down. At school, success meant speaking up, asserting opinions, and networking. It took me years to unlearn silence, at least now I am comfortable calling out what I disagree with my family elders.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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Various groups want to gather data from social media, such as advertisers and scientists.
This reminds me of topics that I've learned in previous classes- Specifically surveillance capitalism and the digital panopticon. These notions, in relation to the ethics of bots, creates a rather interesting contrast because on the one hand, the argument can be made in favor of the bots as the bots themselves are nothing more than programs that are following a code while surveillance capitalism is a form of business done by advertisers and scientists with express disregard for privacy. Both should definitely be regulated, especially based on how they're used.
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opentext.uoregon.edu opentext.uoregon.edu
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We see that communicative approaches draw on both cognitivist and constructivist approaches, but they can also include aspects of behaviorist approaches.
from my perspective, this makes sense because when I’ve learned best, it’s been through a mix of methods. The cognitivist side reminds me of when I try to understand patterns and rules in a language, while the constructivist approach shows up when I’m building meaning through real conversations. I can even see behaviorist aspects when I repeat phrases and get corrected like drilling vocabulary until it sticks. Communicative approaches seem to reflect how learning actually feels for me, messy, interactive, and grounded in experience, not just theory
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opentext.uoregon.edu opentext.uoregon.edu
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In other words, in explicit learning, we are consciously thinking about the thing we are learning, with no ambiguity and little room for different interpretations on our own. This often occurs in classroom environments, when we are being taught something directly.
This reminds me that in this kind of learning, I’m alwasy conscious of what I’m trying to understand, I’m not just absorbing something passively. Since I’m actively thinking about the material, I often expect to learn it in a specific way with a clear, correct interpretation. When the sentence says this usually happens in classroom settings, it makes sense to me, those are the environments where I’ve most often felt like learning had one correct or right answer.
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opentext.uoregon.edu opentext.uoregon.edu
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Outside of the class, for example, they may surround themselves with the language environment and engage with media in the target language such as movies, songs, podcasts, and online language exchange apps.
This reminds me a lot of immersion because they are not relying on classes to learn these languages but instead surrounding themselves with media from these languages, giving them a more diverse view of the language. classes learn languages slowly and little parts at a time. Starting with little things like how to say actions but polyglots focus more heavily on the language entirety all at the same time. I also wonder if this over time, makes it easier to learn the next language.
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drive.google.com drive.google.com
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"Still, the women 'were excellent,' possessed of a 'beauty no Painter can express.' p. 12
The clarification should be 'no white European painter could express' because the complexions and bodies of Africans were incongruent with the complexions and forms of bodies they would have been familiar with.
It reminds me that many of the subjects and items we interact with today always use someone (or a specific group of people) as the basis of the design or insights (i.e. how medicine identifies acceptable levels of pain-tolerance often on the basis of fairer complexions or how facial recognition tends to be more accurate with fairer complexions over darker ones); these are intentional and a result of who is used as the example or placeholder for medicine, technologies and so on.
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www-journals-uchicago-edu.ezp1.lib.umn.edu www-journals-uchicago-edu.ezp1.lib.umn.edu
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manipulated an aging, somewhat obtuse Pres-ident George Washington.
This reminds me of whats going on right now in the government and i could make a good podcast connection to current time with musk/trump rn
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opentext.uoregon.edu opentext.uoregon.edu
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Someone who has the ability to differentiate sounds may be able to learn tonal languages like Chinese or Vietnamese more quickly than those who struggle to discern sounds.
This point reminds me of our discussion in class about whether or not a "gifted person" in language learning exists. This point seems to drive the answer no for me. I agree with that as language learning is a combined set of skills therefore no one can be "gifted" in it like maths or sciences.
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bookshelf.vitalsource.com bookshelf.vitalsource.com
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Advertising is powerful, and people are surprisingly susceptible to its influence.
This line real stuck out to me as someone who studies PR and Advertising at UT. It reminds me of the subtle cues used in ad campaigns or videos. Color, music, slogans, design, or shocking add ins can reach components of attitude that most people don't even realize.
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Some decisions and behaviors are less spontaneous, however. We might take our time and deliberate, for example, when it comes to matters such as where to go to college, whether to accept a job offer, and which public behaviors are safe enough to engage in during a pandemic.
This reminds me of the video on Elaboration Likelihood Model. People that use the Central Route Process think deeply about things and are able to weigh the pros and cons to make this decisions and behaviors.
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harbinger-journal.com harbinger-journal.com
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Despite sex being among the most presumably instinctive of animal behaviors, young elephants also require sex education: specifically how to act to invite sexual encounters and who to seek out as a mate. Female elephants reach sexual maturity around ten to twelve years of age.
This implies that elephants have developed in such a way that they come to rely on these customs and forms of order to adequately function in the world. Such conventions offer certain adaptive advantages, but they also then restrict the life of these creatures to these forms of order. Reminds me of Rousseau's discussion on science and technological advancement.
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Local file Local file
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l have a photo of Ken and Suzy sitting shou lder to shou lderin the back ju st as we're about to embark on a short road trip.
this part just reminds me of the other piece where he talked about photos and how they capture the raw emotions and moment that happened.
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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On the first night, for example, severa! white professors made comments that could be viewed as horribly racist and the students left the group to share what was said around the college
This reminds me of an experience I had in high school where one of the teachers were the complete opposite. He was extremely woke. Some of my friends and I put together a band act to perform for halloween. We were going to perform a popular halloween song called "Spooky Scary Skeletons," but he stopped us, claiming that the word "spooky" had deeply racist connotations and were historically meant to degrade Black people. Yet, no one I knew was aware of this. In the end, it was ruled out that since we had no ill intent, we could perform the song. I am still shocked about this incident to this day.
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Agam and agam, 1t was nec-mc . . ¡· . 11t rem ind everyone that no educatwn 1s po 1tica y neu-essary o . .1 Emphasizing that a white male professor m an Enghshtra.
This reminds me of a text I read for a Theory class last semester. It talks about how the personal is political. The two are interlocked and intersected. And as I mentioned in my earlier annotation, I do think education is very personal, which in turn makes it political
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The unwillingness to approach teaching from a standpoint that includes awareness o f race, sex, and class is often rooted in the fear that classrooms will be uncontrollable, that emotions and passions will not be contained
This kind of reminds me of how people try to be "race-blind" when educating students, but in a way, this kind of discounts the experiences that they go through. The cultural aspects and environment that each student goes through gets completely ignored even if it is important to understanding their learning style or behavioral patterns.
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docdrop.org docdrop.orgview1
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Yet this progress has met limits. Hispanics and inner city residents still drop out much more frequently than others, the gap between black and white achievement rose during the 1990s after declining in the previous decade, the achievement gap between students from lower-and higher-class families has barely budged, and poor students in poor urban schools have dramatically lower rates of literacy and arithmetic or scientific competence.
This reminds me of when I watched the movie "Freedom Writers". Which hispanics, asians, and blacks were deemed as at-risk teenagers. They came from family or relations to gang violence, drug abuse, abuse, broken homes, etcs and the school treated them as a waste of resources. Only those who could afford a better education had a chance at a better life and it showed it. Their 5th grade reading level proved that those who came from nothing had a harder time of making it anywhere without a support of an education or a system that cared.
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inst-fs-iad-prod.inscloudgate.net inst-fs-iad-prod.inscloudgate.net
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The practical principle which guides them to theiropinions on the regulation of human conduct, is the feeling in eachperson’s mind that everybody should be required to act as he, and thosewith whom he sympathises, would like them to act.
Reminds me of Arendt. Humans are unwilling to accept differences and wish to make others conform
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faculty.washington.edu faculty.washington.edu
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A cousin of appropriation is bricolage99 Louridas, P. (1999). Design as bricolage: anthropology meets design thinking. Design Studies. , which is the act of creating new things from a diverse range of other things. Whereas appropriation is about reusing something in a new way, bricolage is about combining multiple things in to new designs.
I agree about with the idea of bricolage, it got me thinking about how college classrooms are designed, specifically UW classrooms, where students from different backgrounds, life experiences, and cultures come together, bringing different unique characteristics and knowledge, creating a new learning environment, it's like designing a classroom from many unique parts, just like bricolage. Additionally, this reminds me of how AI, like ChatGPT, gave the idea to design other new AI's that can draw, create pictures, and do other things. It shows how new things are born when we mix different ideas together.
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human.libretexts.org human.libretexts.org
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As a college student, whenever you complete an academic assignment, be it a research paper, a speech, or any other assignment in which you gather and synthesize information on a topic, you are participating in what is called a scholarly conversation. The term scholarly conversation describes the existing body of knowledge about a topic. This body of knowledge may include published books, presentations, research articles, conferences, discussions, online resources, and more. Your assignments are a way to add your own voice to the scholarly conversation—by reviewing what research has been done, drawing connections and conclusions from published information, and adding your own experiences, opinions, and ideas about what previous research has shown.
What struck me about this text was that each school assignment is part of a larger “scientific conversation.” I had never thought of research papers and speeches as part of a larger discussion, but it makes sense. The text also emphasizes that knowledge comes from multiple sources, such as books, articles, and lectures, not just one source. The main idea is that students don’t just repeat facts: they also connect ideas, share opinions, and enrich their thinking. This reminds me of the importance of my work and helps me continue to learn and grow
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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These questions are examples of ethical thinking. Ethics is a way of investigating these habits of thought about what is morally right and good
This reminds me of a time I had to decide whether to report a friend who cheated on a test. I knew cheating was wrong, but I also didn’t want to betray them. The chapter frames ethics as "investigating" these dilemmas, but it feels messy in real life, like no framework gives a perfect answer. I ended up staying quiet, but I still wonder if that was the right call.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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Equality for people, but also air, water, plants, etc
I wonder how many ethical frameworks advocate for the rights of nonhuman individuals. This indigenous concept of equality for the land reminds me of Peter Singer's utilitarian views, which he infamously extends to animals fully. It makes me think about where the line of a 'moral agent' lies and who/what we need to accommodate for in our ethics.
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Note that in this selection of ethics frameworks motive and inner qualities don’t matter, only outward actions or outcomes.
this reminds me of a saying: "On the trace regardless of the heart, on the heart of the world's few perfect people" from the Qing Dynasty Confucian popular book 围炉夜话. translate to "Around the Furnace Night Talk", meaning that the external behavior performance as the basis for evaluating others, without the need to explore their inner true thoughts, otherwise there is no perfect person in the world
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psgt.earth.lsa.umich.edu psgt.earth.lsa.umich.edu
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Imbrication is a useful primary sedimentary feature that can be used to define paleocurrent direction,
This reminds me of a lab we did in sed strat where we observed flute cast orientations and put the data into rose diagrams to determine the general paleocurrent direction.
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- Mar 2025
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templeu.instructure.com templeu.instructure.com
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The blurring of the boundaries between whether it is Lucy and Ricky or Ball and Arnaz smoking Philip Morris cigarettes suggests some of the issues surrounding commodification and the Lucy phenomenon.
This reminds me of a phenomenon that is very common in today's media: parasocial relationships. It seems that I Love Lucy was harnessing this power in the same way that social media influencers do. When viewers think that they have a real connection with the creators of media, they are simply more likely to tune in.
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templeu.instructure.com templeu.instructure.com
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In this sequence gender and class hierarchies are transgressed. Lucy as “Eugene” emphatically takes physical control of the space, throwing Ricky about the room like a rag doll, and becoming a sexual predator with the reiterated demand: “Let's neck!” Ricky and Fred are horrified by these hillbilly termagants who offend their expectations of acceptable femininity.
It is always amazing to me to hear about television shows that were able to bend gender roles and expectations this early in the history of television and broadcasted media. It also reminds me that these now-archaic mediums were once one the most culturally progressive centers in American society.
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edtechbooks.org edtechbooks.org
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Because of this, learner analysis is an important aspect of the instructional design process.
This powerful metaphor challenges traditional notions of teaching as a one-way transfer of information. Instead, it reframes learning as a co-constructed, participatory process where learners actively shape their understanding based on prior knowledge and lived experiences. It reminds me of constructivist theories that emphasize learner-centered environments where students build meaning. This line also makes me reflect on how easy it is to default to a “delivery” mindset in design—especially in fast-paced or standardized environments. As instructional designers, we need to ensure we’re creating opportunities for reflection, interaction, and self-direction so learners are doing the learning, not just receiving it. I’m left wondering: how might we make space for learner voices and experiences within the instructional content itself?
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In examining factors of demographics, key questions to think about are: Where are the learners coming from in terms of their education level, ethnicity, demographic, hobbies, area of study, grade level? Why are these demographics important for the material you will be teaching?
This section highlights how critical it is to gather detailed demographic data during the learner analysis process. These questions move beyond surface-level identifiers and encourage designers to dig into how learners' backgrounds may influence engagement, understanding, and accessibility. For example, a student from a rural area with limited internet access may require alternative materials or offline options. Similarly, using culturally relevant examples or avoiding assumptions based on a dominant culture helps avoid alienating or marginalizing learners. This reminds me that good instructional design must not only meet content objectives but also reflect and respect the identities of the learners we serve.
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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What does freedom mean if we accept the fundamental premise that humans are social beings, raised in certain social and historical contexts and belonging to par tic u lar communities that shape their desires and understandings of the world?
This paragraph really made me question how we define freedom. Abu-Lughod points out that people’s choices and desires are always shaped by their social and historical backgrounds. It reminds me that no one grows up in isolation, and what looks like "oppression" to one person might actually be meaningful and voluntary to someone else. It made me think and realize that before jumping to judging someone else’s choices, especially across cultures. People should first try to understand the context they live in, before forming any type of opinion about it.
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human.libretexts.org human.libretexts.org
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Cold north winds are blowing, Heavy falls the snow. Friend, thy hand, if thou art friendly! Forth together let us go. Long, too long, we loiter here: Times are too severe. How the north wind whistles, Driving snow and sleet! Friend, thy hand, if thou art friendly! Let us, thou and I, retreat. Long, too long, we loiter here: Times are too severe. Nothing red, but foxes! Nothing black, but crows! Friend, thy hand, if thou art friendly! Come with me my waggon goes. Long, too long, we loiter here: Times are too severe.
This reminds me of home (Chicago). A city of wicked wind and severe cold weather in the winter. It is a rough city to be from, and it creates very tough people but people who are very loving at the same time. We have foxes, and the intense wind. The distinction of human behavior and phenotypic evolution signify that it is northern, a clear distinction between the southern half of the United States and northern half of the United States.
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www.laphamsquarterly.org www.laphamsquarterly.org
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At the same time, its greatest accusation against rebels is this same desire to be alike: the suffragette is accused of wanting to be a man, the socialist is accused of envy of the rich, and the black man is accused of wanting to be white. That any one of these should simply want to be himself is to the average worshipper of the majority inconceivable, and yet of all worlds, may the good Lord deliver us from a world where everybody looks like his neighbor and thinks like his neighbor and is like his neighbor.
Very profound. This reminds me of Arendt speaking of the absolute differences of men.
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ilearn.sfsu.edu ilearn.sfsu.edu
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Many of the people of European ancestry who first colonized and settled what eventu-ally became the American Southwest migrated there from the Iberian Peninsula, fromwhat we now call Spain, but which in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries was a seriesof independent kingdoms that were gradually aggregated, most definitively by the 1469marriage of King Ferdinand of Aragón and Queen Isabella of Castile, which laid thefoundation for the emergence of modern Spain.
This reminds me the fact that Caribbean society emerged from the Spaniards colonization. With even more influence from different cultures due to the slave trade and plantation trade.
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Anglos saw no apparent physical or cultural differencebetween the californios and Mexicans; both were alike
This reflect how the dominating groups often ignore the diversity in the marginalized group. This reminds me of how Asians got mixed together and not really viewed for their diversity.
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range of Latin American– origin immigrants in the United States.In this section we will also turn to the word “Hispanic,” which likewise entered ourvocabulary as an English-language word imposed from above, by the U.S. CensusBureau in 1980, to aggregate Latin American– origin peoples as a panethnic group.The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) defines a “Latino” (note that it is now an Englishword found in most American English dictionaries) as “A Latin-American inhabitantof the United States.” According to the OED, the word’s etymology is latinoamericano,which in Spanish means “Latin American.” The OED offers several historical uses ofthe word, starting in 1945 and running to 1974, when “Latino” entered popular parlanceamong English speakers.
Hispanic was imposed from above by the U.S. Census Bureau in 1980 and Latino emerged from below in activist movements of the 1970s. This reminds me the fact that there is a debate on what label the community should use came from the goverment and not the community itself.
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he emergence of ethnic labels that demarcatesocial boundaries occurs in different temporal registers, sometimes quite rapidly andother times more slowly
The act of naming is tied to the controling so colonizers force ethnic labels. The magrinilized groups resisted by making their own labels. The way the more dominant group imposes labels and names on the smaller of the two reminds me how the US tried to do the same and tell US who we are and tried to force tell many marginizled groups who they were and what they were. WHO are they to tell us who we are.
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husson.instructure.com husson.instructure.com
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I've always been the one to raise questions about the authenticity behind diversity initiatives. This reminds me of Abercrombie & Fitch and their efforts to recover their public image after the CEO was exposed for only hiring "cool, good-looking people" (a direct quote from the CEO). The store was also exposed by past employees to have POC working stock in the back while the attractive white employees got paid to walk around and look pretty. I remember when I was about 12 years old I walked into A&F with my mom and immediately got "scouted" and asked to work there. At 12 years old I was so happy about this, and of course my mom did not let me have further communication with the store. Now that I am much older and much more wise, I see how inappropriate that was for Abercrombie.
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kpu.pressbooks.pub kpu.pressbooks.pub
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focus is the assumption that people behave consistently across time and situations, and this consistency allows us to predict future behaviour, including criminal behaviour
this reminds me of product management. so say there's a pm at TikTok that notices a decline in engagement and they propose adding this new feature to drive engagement.
a way to measure this would to look at how many people actually use it and the user behaviors to get them to do it. once they pinpoint the ideal behavior, they try to get other people to mimic it, so they might notify people there's a new feature they should use, incorporate pop-up ads, etc.
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open.library.okstate.edu open.library.okstate.edu
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A clear structure with a greeting, message body, and closing is also expected of this genre.
Although greetings and closings are not required for memos like emails, this strongly reminds me to structure my memos logically and transparently.
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pressbooks.pub pressbooks.pub
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“Lupus,” using the Latin translation of “Wulf” or wolf
Very unrelated annotation but this reminds me of Remus Lupin, who's a werewolf.
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templeu.instructure.com templeu.instructure.com
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radio was beating the press at its own game: fast reporting of the news.
This is a shift in power. Speed becomes more important than depth. It reminds me of Twitter/X and social media breaking stories before major news outlets do today. We’re still living in this tension—immediacy vs. credibility.
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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At this point in the conversation, I had to let go of theanthropologist cool and do my own pushing back againstthis convoluted rationale. I raised the litany of mean-spirited, violent, incompetent things that Trump hasdone and said both as a candidate and as the president,imploring Candace to at least renounce her decision tovote for him, attempting to appeal to her sense of reason.
This passage made me think about how hard it is to stay neutral when talking to someone with very different beliefs. The author tries to stay calm but feels the need to speak up against things he sees as harmful. It can be frustrating when logic doesn’t change someone’s mind, but it shows how strong personal beliefs can be. This moment reminds me that sometimes, we have to push back, even if it means creating distance between ourselves and the people we want to understand.
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www.nytimes.com www.nytimes.com
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Mr. Wilmore, who has a wife and two children, missed most of his younger daughter’s senior year of high school and his elder daughter’s sophomore year in college.
Again, this reminds me of Interstellar
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They set off to spend eight days at the space station. The trip lasted nine months.
This reminds me of the movie Interstellar, in which a 2 hour endeavor turned into several years due to how time passed differently in the planet they were on.
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templeu.instructure.com templeu.instructure.com
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The press looked upon it as a toy, a rather complex and sophisticated publicity tool in which there was a growing public curiosity
The newspapers first saw radio as a novelty and not a serious competitor. There have been many times in history when new technologies have been underestimated and this was certainly one of them. It reminds me of how some dismissed the internet in the 90s.
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templeu.instructure.com templeu.instructure.com
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Broadcast advertising, for all of its contributions, continued to draw outspoken detractors. Despite it, until the mid–1940s, protests against commercialized broadcasting were effectively quelled by the Communications Act of 1934
This reminds me of the instance with the scamming doctor taking advantage of the lack of regulations on the new medium of radio. It's another example of how people will do whatever it takes to capitalize/extort new mediums. It's interesting to hear about the struggle between massively successful commercial radio, and the public satisfaction of an audience that had never been exposed to such egregious advertising methods.
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academic.oup.com academic.oup.com
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You’re not stiff or timid or uptight
reminds me of artist that was so precise landscape artist of year
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templeu.instructure.com templeu.instructure.com
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Marketers began targeting high school-aged girls in the 1920s, increasing the practice in the 1930s and 1940s
This reminds me of how marketing today still focuses on teenage girls, especially in beauty and fashion. Social media now plays a big role in this, making it easier for brands to directly reach young audiences.
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Rather, there are ‘‘girlhoods’’—cultural constructs that vary by race, ethnicity, class, nationality, generation, regionality, sexual identity, and so on.
This reminds me of the concept of intersectionality, which describes the experience of belonging to multiple, different (primarily minority) social categories. I like that the authors took this approach of refraining to define girlhood as a one specific idea that is applicable to all girls. It's significant because due to intersectionality, all women and girls won't have the same life experiences or even the same relationship to girlhood. For example, a Black disabled girl will navigate life a bit differently in comparison to a white queer girl, and so on.
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www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
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Reviewer #2 (Public review):
Summary:
The current paper consists of two parts. The first part is the rigorous feature optimization of the MEG signal to decode individual finger identity performed in a sequence (4-1-3-2-4; 1~4 corresponds to little~index fingers of the left hand). By optimizing various parameters for the MEG signal, in terms of (i) reconstructed source activity in voxel- and parcel-level resolution and their combination, (ii) frequency bands, and (iii) time window relative to press onset for each finger movement, as well as the choice of decoders, the resultant "hybrid decoder" achieved extremely high decoding accuracy (~95%). This part seems driven almost by pure engineering interest in gaining as high decoding accuracy as possible.<br /> In the second part of the paper, armed with the successful 'hybrid decoder,' the authors asked more scientific questions about how neural representation of individual finger movement that is embedded in a sequence, changes during a very early period of skill learning and whether and how such representational change can predict skill learning. They assessed the difference in MEG feature patterns between the first and the last press 4 in sequence 41324 at each training trial and found that the pattern differentiation progressively increased over the course of early learning trials. Additionally, they found that this pattern differentiation specifically occurred during the rest period rather than during the practice trial. With a significant correlation between the trial-by-trial profile of this pattern differentiation and that for accumulation of offline learning, the authors argue that such "contextualization" of finger movement in a sequence (e.g., what-where association) underlies the early improvement of sequential skill. This is an important and timely topic for the field of motor learning and beyond.
Strengths:
Each part has its own strength. For the first part, the use of temporally rich neural information (MEG signal) has a significant advantage over previous studies testing sequential representations using fMRI. This allowed the authors to examine the earliest period (= the first few minutes of training) of skill learning with finer temporal resolution. Through the optimization of MEG feature extraction, the current study achieved extremely high decoding accuracy (approx. 94%) compared to previous works. For the second part, the finding of the early "contextualization" of the finger movement in a sequence and its correlation to early (offline) skill improvement is interesting and important. The comparison between "online" and "offline" pattern distance is a neat idea.
Weaknesses:
Despite the strengths raised, the specific goal for each part of the current paper, i.e., achieving high decoding accuracy and answering the scientific question of early skill learning, seems not to harmonize with each other very well. In short, the current approach, which is solely optimized for achieving high decoding accuracy, does not provide enough support and interpretability for the paper's interesting scientific claim. This reminds me of the accuracy-explainability tradeoff in machine learning studies (e.g., Linardatos et al., 2020). More details follow.
There are a number of different neural processes occurring before and after a key press, such as planning of upcoming movement and ahead around premotor/parietal cortices, motor command generation in primary motor cortex, sensory feedback related processes in sensory cortices, and performance monitoring/evaluation around the prefrontal area. Some of these may show learning-dependent change and others may not.
Given the use of whole-brain MEG features with a wide time window (up to ~200 ms after each key press) under the situation of 3~4 Hz (i.e., 250~330 ms press interval) typing speed, these different processes in different brain regions could have contributed to the expression of the "contextualization," making it difficult to interpret what really contributed to the "contextualization" and whether it is learning related. Critically, the majority of data used for decoder training has the chance of such potential overlap of signal, as the typing speed almost reached a plateau already at the end of the 11th trial and stayed until the 36th trial. Thus, the decoder could have relied on such overlapping features related to the future presses. If that is the case, a gradual increase in "contextualization" (pattern separation) during earlier trials makes sense, simply because the temporal overlap of the MEG feature was insufficient for the earlier trials due to slower typing speed.
Several direct ways to address the above concern, at the cost of decoding accuracy to some degree, would be either using the shorter temporal window for the MEG feature or training the model with the early learning period data only (trials 1 through 11) to see if the main results are unaffected would be some example.
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udlguidelines.cast.org udlguidelines.cast.org
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UDL Guidelines 3.0 builds upon previous iterations and emphasizes addressing barriers rooted in biases and systems of exclusion for learners with and without disabilities. This expanded version aims to fulfill the promise of the Guidelines as a resource to guide the design of learning environments and experiences that reduce barriers and more fully honor and value every learner.
I love that it is for every learner. This reminds me of equity over equality.
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www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
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Author response:
The following is the authors’ response to the original reviews.
Public Reviews:
Reviewer #1 (Public review):
Summary:
Here, the authors propose that changes in m6A levels may be predictable via a simple model that is based exclusively on mRNA metabolic events. Under this model, m6A mRNAs are "passive" victims of RNA metabolic events with no "active" regulatory events needed to modulate their levels by m6A writers, readers, or erasers; looking at changes in RNA transcription, RNA export, and RNA degradation dynamics is enough to explain how m6A levels change over time.
The relevance of this study is extremely high at this stage of the epi transcriptome field. This compelling paper is in line with more and more recent studies showing how m6A is a constitutive mark reflecting overall RNA redistribution events. At the same time, it reminds every reader to carefully evaluate changes in m6A levels if observed in their experimental setup. It highlights the importance of performing extensive evaluations on how much RNA metabolic events could explain an observed m6A change.
Weaknesses:
It is essential to notice that m6ADyn does not exactly recapitulate the observed m6A changes. First, this can be due to m6ADyn's limitations. The authors do a great job in the Discussion highlighting these limitations. Indeed, they mention how m6ADyn cannot interpret m6A's implications on nuclear degradation or splicing and cannot model more complex scenario predictions (i.e., a scenario in which m6A both impacts export and degradation) or the contribution of single sites within a gene.
Secondly, since predictions do not exactly recapitulate the observed m6A changes, "active" regulatory events may still play a partial role in regulating m6A changes. The authors themselves highlight situations in which data do not support m6ADyn predictions. Active mechanisms to control m6A degradation levels or mRNA export levels could exist and may still play an essential role.
We are grateful for the reviewer’s appreciation of our findings and their implications, and are in full agreement with the reviewer regarding the limitations of our model, and the discrepancies in some cases - with our experimental measurements, potentially pointing at more complex biology than is captured by m6ADyn. We certainly cannot dismiss the possibility that active mechanisms may play a role in shaping m6A dynamics at some sites, or in some contexts. Our study aims to broaden the discussion in the field, and to introduce the possibility that passive models can explain a substantial extent of the variability observed in m6A levels.
(1) "We next sought to assess whether alternative models could readily predict the positive correlation between m6A and nuclear localization and the negative correlations between m6A and mRNA stability. We assessed how nuclear decay might impact these associations by introducing nuclear decay as an additional rate, δ. We found that both associations were robust to this additional rate (Supplementary Figure 2a-c)."
Based on the data, I would say that model 2 (m6A-dep + nuclear degradation) is better than model 1. The discussion of these findings in the Discussion could help clarify how to interpret this prediction. Is nuclear degradation playing a significant role, more than expected by previous studies?
This is an important point, which we’ve now clarified in the discussion. Including nonspecific nuclear degradation in the m6ADyn framework provides a model that better aligns with the observed data, particularly by mitigating unrealistic predictions such as excessive nuclear accumulation for genes with very low sampled export rates. This adjustment addresses potential artifacts in nuclear abundance and half-life estimations. However, we continued to use the simpler version of m6ADyn for most analyses, as it captures the key dynamics and relationships effectively without introducing additional complexity. While including nuclear degradation enhances the model's robustness, it does not fundamentally alter the primary conclusions or outcomes. This balance allows for a more straightforward interpretation of the results.
(2) The authors classify m6A levels as "low" or "high," and it is unclear how "low" differs from unmethylated mRNAs.
We thank the reviewer for this observation. We analyzed gene methylation levels using the m6A-GI (m6A gene index) metric, which reflects the enrichment of the IP fraction across the entire gene body (CDS + 3UTR). While some genes may have minimal or no methylation, most genes likely exist along a spectrum from low to high methylation levels. Unlike earlier analyses that relied on arbitrary thresholds to classify sites as methylated, GLORI data highlight the presence of many low-stoichiometry sites that are typically overlooked. To capture this spectrum, we binned genes into equal-sized groups based on their m6A-GI values, allowing a more nuanced interpretation of methylation patterns as a continuum rather than a binary or discrete classification (e.g. no- , low- , high methylation).
(3) The authors explore whether m6A changes could be linked with differences in mRNA subcellular localization. They tested this hypothesis by looking at mRNA changes during heat stress, a complex scenario to predict with m6ADyn. According to the collected data, heat shock is not associated with dramatic changes in m6A levels. However, the authors observe a redistribution of m6A mRNAs during the treatment and recovery time, with highly methylated mRNAs getting retained in the nucleus being associated with a shorter half-life, and being transcriptional induced by HSF1. Based on this observation, the authors use m6Adyn to predict the contribution of RNA export, RNA degradation, and RNA transcription to the observed m6A changes. However:
(a) Do the authors have a comparison of m6ADyn predictions based on the assumption that RNA export and RNA transcription may change at the same time?
We thank the reviewer for this point. Under the simple framework of m6ADyn in which RNA transcription and RNA export are independent of each other, the effect of simultaneously modulating two rates is additive. In Author response image 1, we simulate some scenarios wherein we simultaneously modulate two rates. For example, transcriptional upregulation and decreased export during heat shock could reinforce m6A increases, whereas transcriptional downregulation might counteract the effects of reduced export. Note that while production and export can act in similar or opposing directions, the former can only lead to temporary changes in m6A levels but without impacting steady-state levels, whereas the latter (changes in export) can alter steady-state levels. We have clarified this in the manuscript results to better contextualize how these dynamics interact.
Author response image 1.
m6ADyn predictions of m6A gene levels (left) and Nuc to Cyt ratio (right) upon varying perturbations of a sampled gene. The left panel depicts the simulated dynamics of log2-transformed m6A gene levels under varying conditions. The lines represent the following perturbations: (1) export is reduced to 10% (β), (2) production is increased 10-fold (α) while export is reduced to 10% (β), (3) export is reduced to 10% (β) and production is reduced to 10% (α), and (4) export is only decreased for methylated transcripts (β^m6A) to 10%. The right panel shows the corresponding nuclear:cytoplasmic (log2 Nuc:Cyt) ratios for perturbations 1 and 4.
(b) They arbitrarily set the global reduction of export to 10%, but I'm not sure we can completely rule out whether m6A mRNAs have an export rate during heat shock similar to the non-methylated mRNAs. What happens if the authors simulate that the block in export could be preferential for m6A mRNAs only?
We thank the reviewer for this interesting suggestion. While we cannot fully rule out such a scenario, we can identify arguments against it being an exclusive explanation. Specifically, an exclusive reduction in the export rate of methylated transcripts would be expected to increase the relationship between steady-state m6A levels (the ratio of methylated to unmethylated transcripts) and changes in localization, such that genes with higher m6A levels would exhibit a greater relative increase in the nuclear-to-cytoplasmic (Nuc:Cyt) ratio. However, the attached analysis shows only a weak association during heat stress, where genes with higher m6A-GI levels tend to increase just a little more in the Nuc:Cyt ratio, likely due to cytoplasmic depletion. A global reduction of export (β 10%) produces a similar association, while a scenario where only the export of methylated transcripts is reduced (β^m6A 10%) results in a significantly stronger association (Author response image 2). This supports the plausibility of a global export reduction. Additionally, genes with very low methylation levels in control conditions also show a significant increase in the Nuc:Cyt ratio, which is inconsistent with a scenario of preferential export reduction for methylated transcripts (data not shown).
Author response image 2.
Wild-type MEFs m6A-GIs (x-axis) vs. fold change nuclear:cytoplasmic localization heat shock 1.5 h and control (y-axis), Pearson’s correlation indicated (left panel). m6ADyn, rates sampled for 100 genes based on gamma distributions and simulation based on reducing the global export rate (β) to 10% (middle panel). m6ADyn simulation for reducing the export rate for m6A methylated transcripts (β^m6A) to 10% (right panel).
(c) The dramatic increase in the nucleus: cytoplasmic ratio of mRNA upon heat stress may not reflect the overall m6A mRNA distribution upon heat stress. It would be interesting to repeat the same experiment in METTL3 KO cells. Of note, m6A mRNA granules have been observed within 30 minutes of heat shock. Thus, some m6A mRNAs may still be preferentially enriched in these granules for storage rather than being directly degraded. Overall, it would be interesting to understand the authors' position relative to previous studies of m6A during heat stress.
The reviewer suggests that methylation is actively driving localization during heat shock, rather than being passively regulated. To address this question, we have now knocked down WTAP, an essential component of the methylation machinery, and monitored nuclear:cytoplasmic localization over the course of a heat shock response. Even with reduced m6A levels, high PC1 genes exhibit increased nuclear abundance during heat shock. Notably, the dynamics of this trend are altered, with the peak effect delayed from 1.5h heat shock in siCTRL samples to 4 hours in siWTAP samples (Supplementary Figure 4). This finding underscores that m6A is not the primary driver of these mRNA localization changes but rather reflects broader mRNA metabolic shifts during heat shock. These findings have been added as a panel e) to Supplementary Figure 4.
(d) Gene Ontology analysis based on the top 1000 PC1 genes shows an enrichment of GOs involved in post-translational protein modification more than GOs involved in cellular response to stress, which is highlighted by the authors and used as justification to study RNA transcriptional events upon heat shock. How do the authors think that GOs involved in post-translational protein modification may contribute to the observed data?
High PC1 genes exhibit increased methylation and a shift in nuclear-to-cytoplasmic localization during heat stress. While the enriched GO terms for these genes are not exclusively related to stress-response proteins, one could speculate that their nuclear retention reduces translation during heat stress. The heat stress response genes are of particular interest, which are massively transcriptionally induced and display increased methylation. This observation supports m6ADyn predictions that elevated methylation levels in these genes are driven by transcriptional induction rather than solely by decreased export rates.
(e) Additionally, the authors first mention that there is no dramatic change in m6A levels upon heat shock, "subtle quantitative differences were apparent," but then mention a "systematic increase in m6A levels observed in heat stress". It is unclear to which systematic increase they are referring to. Are the authors referring to previous studies? It is confusing in the field what exactly is going on after heat stress. For instance, in some papers, a preferential increase of 5'UTR m6A has been proposed rather than a systematic and general increase.
We thank the reviewer for raising this point. In our manuscript, we sought to emphasize, on the one hand, the fact that m6A profiles are - at first approximation - “constitutive”, as indicated by high Pearson correlations between conditions (Supplementary Figure 4a). On the other hand, we sought to emphasize that the above notwithstanding, subtle quantitative differences are apparent in heat shock, encompassing large numbers of genes, and these differences are coherent with time following heat shock (and in this sense ‘systematic’), rather than randomly fluctuating across time points. Based on our analysis, these changes do not appear to be preferentially enriched at 5′UTR sites but occur more broadly across gene bodies (potentially a slight 3’ bias). A quick analysis of the HSF1-induced heat stress response genes, focusing on their relative enrichment of methylation upon heat shock, shows that the 5'UTR regions exhibit a roughly similar increase in methylation after 1.5 hours of heat stress compared to the rest of the gene body (Author response image 3). A prominent previous publication (Zhou et al. 2015) suggested that m6A levels specifically increase in the 5'UTR of HSPA1A in a YTHDF2- and HSF1-dependent manner, and highlighted the role of 5'UTR m6A methylation in regulating cap-independent translation, our findings do not support a 5'UTR-specific enrichment. However, we do observe that the methylation changes are still HSF1-dependent. Off note, the m6A-GI (m6A gene level) as a metric that captures the m6A enrichment of gene body excluding the 5’UTR, due to an overlap of transcription start site associated m6Am derived signal.
Author response image 3.
Fold change of m6A enrichment (m6A-IP / input) comparing 1.5 h heat shock and control conditions for 5UTR region and the rest of the gene body (CDS and 3UTR) in the 10 HSF! dependent stress response genes.
Reviewer #2 (Public review):
Dierks et al. investigate the impact of m6A RNA modifications on the mRNA life cycle, exploring the links between transcription, cytoplasmic RNA degradation, and subcellular RNA localization. Using transcriptome-wide data and mechanistic modelling of RNA metabolism, the authors demonstrate that a simplified model of m6A primarily affecting cytoplasmic RNA stability is sufficient to explain the nuclear-cytoplasmic distribution of methylated RNAs and the dynamic changes in m6A levels upon perturbation. Based on multiple lines of evidence, they propose that passive mechanisms based on the restricted decay of methylated transcripts in the cytoplasm play a primary role in shaping condition-specific m6A patterns and m6A dynamics. The authors support their hypothesis with multiple large-scale datasets and targeted perturbation experiments. Overall, the authors present compelling evidence for their model which has the potential to explain and consolidate previous observations on different m6A functions, including m6A-mediated RNA export.
We thank the reviewer for the spot-on suggestions and comments on this manuscript.
Reviewer #3 (Public review):
Summary:
This manuscript works with a hypothesis where the overall m6A methylation levels in cells are influenced by mRNA metabolism (sub-cellular localization and decay). The basic assumption is that m6A causes mRNA decay and this happens in the cytoplasm. They go on to experimentally test their model to confirm its predictions. This is confirmed by sub-cellular fractionation experiments which show high m6A levels in the nuclear RNA. Nuclear localized RNAs have higher methylation. Using a heat shock model, they demonstrate that RNAs with increased nuclear localization or transcription, are methylated at higher levels. Their overall argument is that changes in m6A levels are rather determined by passive processes that are influenced by RNA processing/metabolism. However, it should be considered that erasers have their roles under specific environments (early embryos or germline) and are not modelled by the cell culture systems used here.
Strengths:
This is a thought-provoking series of experiments that challenge the idea that active mechanisms of recruitment or erasure are major determinants for m6A distribution and levels.
We sincerely thank the reviewer for their thoughtful evaluation and constructive feedback.
Recommendations for the authors:
Reviewer #1 (Recommendations for the authors):
(1) Supplementary Figure 5A Data: Please double-check the label of the y-axis and the matching legend.
We corrected this.
(2) A better description of how the nuclear: cytoplasmic fractionation is performed.
We added missing information to the Material & Methods section.
(3) Rec 1hr or Rec 4hr instead of r1 and r4 to indicate the recovery.
For brevity in Figure panels, we have chosen to stick with r1 and r4.
(4) Figure 2D: are hours plotted?
Plotted is the fold change (FC) of the calculated half-lives in hours (right). For the model (left) hours are the fold change of a dimension-less time-unit of the conditions with m6A facilitated degradation vs without. We have now clarified this in the legend.
(5) How many genes do we have in each category? How many genes are you investigating each time?
We thank the reviewer for this question. In all cases where we binned genes, we used equal-sized bins of genes that met the required coverage thresholds. We have reviewed the manuscript to ensure that the number of genes included in each analysis or the specific coverage thresholds used are clearly stated throughout the text.
(6) Simulations on 1000 genes or 2000 genes?
We thank the reviewer for this question and went over the text to correct for cases in which this was not clearly stated.
Reviewer #2 (Recommendations for the authors):
Specific comments:
(1) The manuscript is very clear and well-written. However, some arguments are a bit difficult to understand. It would be helpful to clearly discriminate between active and passive events. For example, in the sentence: "For example, increasing the m6A deposition rate (⍺m6A) results in increased nuclear localization of a transcript, due to the increased cytoplasmic decay to which m6A-containing transcripts are subjected", I would directly write "increased relative nuclear localization" or "apparent increase in nuclear localization".
We thank the reviewer for this careful observation. We have modified the quoted sentence, and also sought to correct additional instances of ambiguity in the text.
Also, it is important to ensure that all relationships are described correctly. For example, in the sentence: "This model recovers the positive association between m6A and nuclear localization but gives rise to a positive association between m6A and decay", I think "decay" should be replaced with "stability". Similarly, the sentence: "Both the decrease in mRNA production rates and the reduction in export are predicted by m6ADyn to result in increasing m6A levels, ..." should it be "Both the increase in mRNA production and..."?
We have corrected this.
This sentence was difficult for me to understand: "Our findings raise the possibility that such changes could, at least in part, also be indirect and be mediated by the redistribution of mRNAs secondary to loss of cytoplasmic m6A-dependent decay." Please consider rephrasing it.
We rephrased this sentence as suggested.
(2) Figure 2d: "A final set of predictions of m6ADyn concerns m6A-dependent decay. m6ADyn predicts that (a) cytoplasmic genes will be more susceptible to increased m6A mediated decay, independent of their m6A levels, and (b) more methylated genes will undergo increased decay, independently of their relative localization (Figure 2d left) ... Strikingly, the experimental data supported the dual, independent impact of m6A levels and localization on mRNA stability (Figure 2d, right)."
I do not understand, either from the text or from the figure, why the authors claim that m6A levels and localization independently affect mRNA stability. It is clear that "cytoplasmic genes will be more susceptible to increased m6A mediated decay", as they always show shorter half-lives (top-to-bottom perspective in Figure 2d). Nonetheless, as I understand it, the effect is not "independent of their m6A levels", as half-lives are clearly the shortest with the highest m6A levels (left-to-right perspective in each row).
The two-dimensional heatmaps allow for exploring conditional independence between conditions. If an effect (in this case delta half-life) is a function of the X axis (in this case m6A levels), continuous increases should be seen going from one column to another. Conversely, if it is a function of the Y axis (in this case localization), a continuous effect should be observed from one row to another. Given that effects are generally observed both across rows and across columns, we concluded that the two act independently. The fact that half-life is shortest when genes are most cytoplasmic and have the highest m6A levels is therefore not necessarily inconsistent with two effects acting independently, but instead interpreted by us as the additive outcome of two independent effects. Having said this, a close inspection of this plot does reveal a very low impact of localization in contexts where m6A levels are very low, which could point at some degree of synergism between m6A levels and localization. We have therefore now revised the text to avoid describing the effects as "independent."
(3) The methods part should be extended. For example, the description of the mRNA half-life estimation is far too short and lacks details. Also, information on the PCA analysis (Figure 4e & f) is completely missing. The code should be made available, at least for the differential model.
We thank the reviewer for this point and expanded the methods section on mRNA stability analysis and PCA. Additionally, we added a supplementary file, providing R code for a basic m6ADyn simulation of m6A depleted to normal conditions (added Source Code 1).
https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1Wy42QGDEPdfT-OAnmH01Bzq83hWVrYLsjy_B4n CJGFA/edit?usp=sharing
(4) Figure 4e, f: The authors use a PCA analysis to achieve an unbiased ranking of genes based on their m6A level changes. From the present text and figures, it is unclear how this PCA was performed. Besides a description in the methods sections, the authors could show additional evidence that the PCA results in a meaningful clustering and that PC1 indeed captures induced/reduced m6A level changes for high/low-PC1 genes.
We have added passages to the text, hoping to clarify the analysis approach.
(5) In Figure 4i, I was surprised about the m6A dynamics for the HSF1-independent genes, with two clusters of increasing or decreasing m6A levels across the time course. Can the model explain these changes? Since expression does not seem to be systematically altered, are there differences in subcellular localization between the two clusters after heat shock?
A general aspect of our manuscript is attributing changes in m6A levels during heat stress to alterations in mRNA metabolism, such as production or export. As shown in Supplementary Figure 4d, even in WT conditions, m6A level changes are not strictly associated with apparent changes in expression, but we try to show that these are a reflection of the decreased export rate. In the specific context of HSF1-dependent stress response genes, we observe a clear co-occurrence of increased m6A levels with increased expression levels, which we propose to be attributed to enhanced production rates during heat stress. This suggests that transcriptional induction can drive the apparent rise in m6A levels. We try to control this with the HSF1 KO cells, in which the m6A level changes, as the increased production rates are absent for the specific cluster of stress-induced genes, further supporting the role of transcriptional activation in shaping m6A levels for these genes. For HSF1-independent genes, the HSF-KO cells mirror the behavior of WT conditions when looking at 500 highest and lowest PC1 (based on the prior analysis in WT cells), suggesting that changes in m6A levels are primarily driven by altered export rates rather than changes in production.
Among the HSF1 targets, Hspa1a seems to show an inverse behaviour, with the highest methylation in ctrl, even though expression strongly goes up after heat shock. Is this related to the subcellular localization of this particular transcript before and after heat shock?
Upon reviewing the heat stress target genes, we identified an issue with the proper labeling of the gene symbols, which has now been corrected (Figure 4 panel i). The inverse behavior observed for Hspb1 and partially for Hsp90aa1 is not accounted for by the m6ADyn model, and is indeed an interesting exception with respect to all other induced genes. Further investigation will be required to understand the methylation dynamics of Hspb1 during the response to heat stress.
Reviewer #3 (Recommendations for the authors):
Page 4. Indicate reference for "a more recent study finding reduced m6A levels in chromatin-associated RNA.".
We thank the reviewer for this point and added two publications with a very recent one, both showing that chromatin-associated nascent RNA has less m6A methylation
The manuscript is perhaps a bit too long. It took me a long time to get to the end. The findings can be clearly presented in a more concise manner and that will ensure that anyone starting to read will finish it. This is not a weakness, but a hope that the authors can reduce the text.
We have respectfully chosen to maintain the length of the manuscript. The model, its predictions and their relationship to experimental observations are somewhat complex, and we felt that further reduction of the text would come at the expense of clarity.
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goodmenproject.com goodmenproject.com
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15,000 murders occur each year
I think number is really large, however it also reminds me that there are many more unsolved murders, missing person cases, and more people that have been murdered that we might not even know about.
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www.welcometothejungle.com www.welcometothejungle.com
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In the 1920s, Ford built Fordlândia, a city by the Rio Tapajós river in Brazil. His goal was to exploit the natural rubber offered by the surrounding trees through on-site teams and factories. Ford also tried to impose the American way of life on the locals, but that failed. More recently, Elon Musk announced plans to create a town for his employees: Snailbrook. If that plan comes to fruition, the town near Austin, Texas will accommodate employees of SpaceX and The Boring Company.
Reminds me of Walt Disney's EPCOT
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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As a social media user, we hope you are informed about things like: how social media works, how they influence your emotions and mental state, how your data gets used or abused, strategies in how people use social media, and how harassment and spam bots operate.
This reminds me of my own experience with scrolling through short videos on social media. Sometimes, I just want to relax for a bit, but before I know it, I’ve spent hours immersed in the content. Moreover, the algorithm seems to cater more and more to my emotions—especially when I’m feeling anxious or down, it pushes similar emotionally charged content, trapping me in a cycle. I can’t help but wonder: is this kind of personalized recommendation truly helping users, or is it exploiting their psychological vulnerabilities to maximize engagement?
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pluralistic.net pluralistic.net
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Searching Amazon doesn't produce a list of the products that most closely match your search, it brings up a list of products whose sellers have paid the most to be at the top of that search. Those fees are built into the cost you pay for the product, and Amazon's "Most Favored Nation" requirement sellers means that they can't sell more cheaply elsewhere, so Amazon has driven prices at every retailer.
This reminds me of the airline that created a search site to compare all flights and prices, but got caught pushing their own flights even if they weren't the better deal
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www.formalifesciencemarketing.com www.formalifesciencemarketing.com
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Stories can tap into our “patternicity,” that is, our need to see patterns and our pattern-seeking and pattern-matching ability.
Every time I read articles related to story-telling, it reminds me of when I was writing my college applications. The hardest part of the process was packaging and positioning myself (and my story) into a concise, meaningful, yet authentic story for the admissions team. I've always thought stories worked best because it lets the audience easily empathize—and therefore easily remember—the purpose behind the story, but I didn't consider that it also tapped into our pattern-seeking instinct. Its interesting to know that there is an even larger psychological phenomenon going on behind what my college counsellors had encouraged.
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In this issue, I’ve explored the driving force behind compelling narratives: tension enveloped in a three-part structure.
The idea of needing tension reminds me of the design lifecycle. First, you must identify the issue that you are trying to solve with your design. If there is no apparent issue, no gap that is being filled with your solution, it may not be something desirable on the market. Although that may not be the the goal of your product, it is necessary to consider: would anyone actually use this? How is this different from the other solutions out there? Then, the other parts of the narrative are like the analytical portions of pitching your idea. How do the needs that your solution is addressing ultimately lead to the resolution of the issue. In other words, how does your solution solve the challenges you've identified. The takeaway form the narrative structure is that it can be applied beyond storytelling to anything that you want to "stick" with an audience.
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drive.google.com drive.google.comview3
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is the way we want things to work in thefuture.
[C] This reminds me of Bruce's first class where we learned about three horizons and practiced backcasting. I see why backcasting was taught with three horizons because they both focus on having a place you are going and the interventions that get you there.
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This requires a little more preparation as you will needto have developed the scripts in advance.
[C] This reminds me of preparing for my Story Circles assignment. Where I had to script my story in advance making different perspectives were clearly expressed to make the narrative engaging and meaningful.
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Alternatively, if you want something more detailed, youcan leave groups to discuss each question for longerand/or provide evidence and materials to inform theirdiscussions
[C] This reminds me of the World Cafe process in my class activities. Where small groups discuss key questions to explore sustainability issues. Similar to how the Three Horizons workshop encourages structured discussions for future planning.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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Let’s take a moment and look at how Meta’s business decisions relate to what its users want. Remember that Meta is a company owned by shareholders in a capitalist system, so decisions are driven by fiduciary duty, that is, maximizing the profits of the shareholders. And among shareholders, those who have invested the most money get the most say in what Meta does. In this system, users of Meta’s social media platforms have very little say in decisions made by the company. The users of Meta have few actions they can take that influence the company, but what they can do is: Use the site less or delete their account. Individually, this doesn’t do much, but if they do this in coordination with others (e.g., a boycott), then this can affect Meta. For example, when Facebook would make interface changes, users would all complain together, and Facebook worried people would all leave together. In order to prevent this, they began slowly rolling out changes, only giving it to some users at a time, making it harder for users to coordinate leaving together.
Meta’s strategy of rolling out changes gradually to avoid mass user backlash is a fascinating example of how companies manage user dissatisfaction in a capitalist system. It reminds me of how streaming services adjust pricing—rather than increasing prices for all users at once, they introduce higher tiers gradually. This raises an important question: Should companies be required to include users in decision-making processes beyond passive feedback mechanisms? What would a model of 'digital democracy' within a platform like Meta look like?
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bookshelf.vitalsource.com bookshelf.vitalsource.com
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Portfolio assessment works only when students understand where they are, where they need to go, and are provided with instruction to support the journey.
This reminds me of the article we read this week for our digital power up. Teach students where they are going, assess where they are, and together teacher and student can work to close the gap between the two.
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orionmagazine.org orionmagazine.org
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The grammar of animacy is an antidote to arrogance; it reminds us that we are not alone. Evelyn later writes, “Using ki made me see everything differently, like all these persons were giving gifts—and I couldn’t help but feel grateful. We call that kind of firewood kindling, and for me it has kindled a new understanding. And look—that word kin is right there in kindling.”
Could there be similar or parallel linguistic moves (we are talking about instilling animacy here, so maybe similar ideas?) that can remind or organically make us recognize our connectedness and reliance to other beings or kin on this earth.
Also, here Kimmerer echoes what Alex Parrish has argued regarding animal rhetoric and why to understand it fully is to acknowledge that human communication or rhetoric is not special. That is humans are not special and above the other species.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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# Before we talk about public criticism and shaming and adults, let’s look at the role of shame in childhood. In at least some views about shame and childhood[1], shame and guilt hold different roles in childhood development [r1]: Shame is the feeling that “I am bad,” and the natural response to shame is for the individual to hide, or the community to ostracize the person. Guilt is the feeling that “This specific action I did was bad.” The natural response to feeling guilt is for the guilty person to want to repair the harm of their action. In this view [r1], a good parent might see their child doing something bad or dangerous, and tell them to stop. The child may feel shame (they might not be developmentally able to separate their identity from the momentary rejection). The parent may then comfort the child to let the child know that they are not being rejected as a person, it was just their action that was a problem. The child’s relationship with the parent is repaired, and over time the child will learn to feel guilt instead of shame and seek to repair harm instead of hide.
What impressed me the most was that shame makes individuals want to hide themselves, while guilt causes individuals to fix their mistakes. This does reflect the emotional patterns of many people in real life. If a person is often humiliated from childhood rather than being educated to face his mistakes, they may habitually choose to escape rather than actively correct their behavior. This reminds me that many adults subconsciously avoid criticism or failure rather than reflect and improve, which may be related to their childhood experiences.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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Meg van Achterberg. Jimmy Kimmel’s Halloween prank can scar children. Why are we laughing? Washington Post, October 2017. URL: https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/jimmy-kimmel-wants-to-prank-kids-why-are-we-laughing/2017/10/20/9be17716-aed0-11e7-9e58-e6288544af98_story.html (visited on 2023-12-10).
This connects to the broader idea of public shaming or public criticism because it shows how something that appears lighthearted can still have a lasting negative impact. The prank is a form of mild public humiliation, which reminds me of how “cancel culture” can sometimes involve actions that are disproportionate to the offense—whether it’s a joke, a misunderstanding, or a genuine mistake. It made me question where we draw the line between humor and harm, especially when the “victims” of these pranks or criticisms are vulnerable, like children or public figures. Would love to see more consideration given to this balance in discussions around both public shaming and humor.
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drive.google.com drive.google.com
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Every issue of concern to anybody in the group will be on the table. All issues will have beendiscussed to the extent that the interested parties choose to do so.
[C] This reminds me of a group project in all the classes. When we created shared documents to make sure everyone's input was included and was helpful to move to next steps. It also connects to our class activities were we give everyone a voice to lead and make out with stronger outcomes.
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People self-organized to work together on proj-ects, research, or long-term conversations and learning.
[C] This reminds me of group brainstorming sessions in class where there wasn’t a set leader but we naturally divided roles and built off each other's ideas. It also connects to concepts from other readings about distributed leadership and collective creativity.
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This is a reminder to let go of what might have been, should have been, or could have been. It is
(I) This reminds me of buddhist thinking. A sense of being in the present and respecting exactly what is happening in the moment.
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he fundamental geometry of open human communication; h
(C)
This reminds me a bit of the philosophy that guided my middle school. We used to start every morning by sitting in a circle. And we also had other times when we would sit in a circle too, whether someone got in trouble, or we were doing an activity.
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social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
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Harassment can also be done through crowds. Crowd harassment has also always been a part of culture, such as riots, mob violence, revolts, revolution, government persecution, etc. Social media then allows new ways for crowd harassment to occur. Crowd harassment includes all the forms of individual harassment we already mentioned (like bullying, stalking, etc.), but done by a group of people. Additionally, we can consider the following forms of crowd harassment: [Dogpiling](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogpiling_(Internet) [q4]): When a crowd of people targets or harasses the same person. Public Shaming (this will be our next chapter) Cross-platform raids (e.g., 4chan group planning harassment on another platform [q5]) Stochastic terrorism [q6] The use of mass public communication, usually against a particular individual or group, which incites or inspires acts of terrorism which are statistically probable but happen seemingly at random. [q7] See also: An atmosphere of violence: Stochastic terror in American politics [q8] In addition, fake crowds (e.g., bots or people paid to post) can participate in crowd harassment. For example:
That definitely reminds me of my own experience in middle school when I was harassed online by a group of fans just for sharing an opinion that wasn’t praising their idol. It felt overwhelming because it wasn’t just one or two people—it was an entire crowd attacking me at once. Looking back, that was a clear example of dogpiling, where a large group targets a single person to silence or intimidate them. Social media made it so easy for them to spread negativity, and the sheer number of people involved made it feel impossible to escape. It really showed me how crowd harassment isn’t just about big historical events like riots or persecution—it happens in everyday online spaces too.
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