1. Jun 2024
    1. The final survey contains 34 iten1s with each set consisting of 17 items. For each set, five items measure the SAM inlpact in managerial responsibili-ties and 12 items measure the impact in instructional leadership.
      • 17 survey questions on WHETHER THERE WAS IMPROVEMENT in school managerial (5 questions) / instructional (12 questions) responsibilities (Strongly Disagree -- Strongly Agree).
      • Another 17 survey questions on THE EXTENT OF IMPROVEMENT in school managerial (5 questions) / instructional (12 questions) responsibilities (To No Extent -- To a Great Extent).
      • Within the 12 instructional leadership questions, 5 questions related to FREQUENCY of instructional leadership and 7 questions related to QUALITY of instructional leadership).
    2. INSTRUCTIONAL LEADERSHIP

      BIG IDEA OF THIS SECTION

      Instructional leadership by principals is critically important for school improvement and student learning but continues to be a challenge.

    3. School Administration Manager

      BIG IDEA OF THIS ARTICLE

      Implementation of SAMs can have a positive impact on the amount and quality of time spent by principals on instructional leadership.

    4. METHODS

      BIG IDEA OF THIS SECTION

      Data collection involved surveys of teachers and focus group interviews of both principals and SAMs.

    5. ZHAOHUISHENG LORA WOLFF LLOYD KILMER STUART YAGER School Administration Manager Redefining the Principal's Role as an Instructional Leader INTRODUCTION

      BIG IDEA OF THIS SECTION

      SAMs are "designed to change the role of principal from a predominantly managerial leader to an instructional leader."

    1. 21.4.1Fruitful Topics for Research

      BIG IDEA OF THIS SECTION

      Numerous avenues for future scholarship appear fruitful, including research on: * the impacts of particular contexts on principals' instructional leadership * pathways through which instructional leadership is enacted, particularly as it relates to improved student learning * distributed leadership for instructional improvement * effective professional development and preservice preparation programs.

    2. 21.4.2Research Designs and Methods

      BIG IDEA OF THIS SECTION

      Investigations of school leadership are hampered by our primary research method of cross-sectional surveys and would be enhanced by use of more-advanced statistical analyses, the use of large-scale databases, mixed methods and meta-analysis techniques, and the use of succession studies.

    3. 21.3.2.2Manages the Instructional Program

      BIG IDEA OF THIS SECTION

      There are 3 key functions within the second dimension of Manages the Instructional Program: * Supervises and evaluates instruction * Coordinates the curriculum * Monitors student progress

      Instructional coaching is an important component of this work.

    4. 21.5Conclusion

      BIG IDEA OF THIS SECTION

      While we are still learning what it means to study and implement effective instructional leadership practices, we have made a great deal of progress over the past 50 years.

    5. Principal Instructional Leadership511role (see Figure 21.2). The PIMRS model was subsequently used to inform the develop-ment of a research instrument, the Principal Instructional Management Rating Scale(PIMRS) (Hallinger, 1982, 1990). Although the PIMRS conceptual model and instru-ment have been used extensively in research and practice, they were never intended to be employed as a “menu.” They have, however, contributed to the body of research evi-dence discussed in this chapter (see Hallinger & Wang, 2015; Leithwood et al., 2008; Robinson et al., 2008; Witziers et al., 2003).21.3.2Instructional Leadership in Practice

      BIG IDEA OF THIS SECTION

      Any examination of principal's leadership behaviors and impacts should be framed within a local context of strategic thinking and leadership needs.

    6. 21.3.2.3Develops a Positive School Learning Climate

      BIG IDEA OF THIS SECTION

      There are 5 key functions within the third dimension of Develops a Positive School Learning Climate: * Protects instructional time * Promotes professional development * Maintains high visibility * Provides incentives for teachers * Provides incentives for learning

      School culture "exerts a more powerful influence on the collective behavior of staff and students than any single leader." It is possible to create climates of powerful learning for both educators and children.

    7. 21.3.1The PIMRS Model of Instructional Leadership

      BIG IDEA OF THIS SECTION

      Hallinger's PIMRS model also has been used to inform the development of a PIMRS research instrument.

    8. 21.3.2.1Defines the School Mission

      BIG IDEA OF THIS SECTION

      There are 2 key functions within the first dimension of Defines the School Mission: * Frames the school's goals * Communicates the school's goals

    9. 21.2.3A Summary of the Evidence on Principal Leadership Effects

      BIG IDEA OF THIS SECTION

      There are numerous ways that principals positively impact school success and improved student learning outcomes, which can be placed into 3 broad categories of principal activity: * Defines the school mission * Manages the instructional program * Develops a positive school learning climate

    10. 21.1Introduction

      BIG IDEA OF THIS SECTION

      4 big questions in this chapter: * Is there a relationship between school leadership and learning? * What IS instructional leadership? * How do we apply instructional leadership theories to daily practice by school administrators? * What future research is needed?

    11. 21.2.2A Conceptual Model of Leadership and Learning

      BIG IDEA OF THIS SECTION

      We can create a conceptual model of how leaders impact school outcomes.

    12. 21.2.1How Does Leadership Impact Learning?

      BIG IDEA OF THIS SECTION

      Leadership impacts on school organizational success and improved student learning outcomes are indirect but substantial.

    13. 21.2Leadership and Learning

      BIG IDEA OF THIS SECTION

      Research on instructional leadership by principals is fairly recent but there is a growing body of empirical scholarship that supports the idea that quality leadership is necessary for school improvement.

    14. Principal Instructional Leadership

      BIG IDEA OF THIS BOOK CHAPTER

      **School leaders can positively impact student learning outcomes. **

    1. 100 ng of each plasmid (pDonorand pTarget) (Supplementary Data 1) was co-transformed into E. coliBL21(DE3) cells via electroporatio

      quantity

    Annotators

    1. This research was supported by the Sydney Informatics Hub and Sydney Analytical, Core Research Facilities of the University of Sydney. We especially thank Cali Willet for the help with the pipeline.

      SIH got acknowledged!

    1. Create an account using the sidebar on the right of the screen. Pin the Hypothesis extension in Chrome (1 and 2), then activate the sidebar by clicking the button in the location bar (3).

      I think should be the other way around? I had to pin and open the sidebar first before I could login.

    1. </p>

      pの閉じタグもハイライトに入れたほうがよさそうです。

    2. Save changes

      ここも訳したほうがよさそうです。

    3. Edit entry

      ここも訳したほうがよさそうです。

    4. Entries

      ここも訳したほうがよさそうです。

    5. フォームのバリデーションを行います。

      原文は「We then check whether the form is valid. 」ですが、「then」を日本語にも反映させるなら、頭に「次に、」があったほうがよさそうです。

    6. ``

      余分なバッククォートが入っているようです。

    7. ``文でリクエストのメソッドがGETかPOSTかを判別します❶。 リクエストメソッドがPOSTでない場合、リクエストはおそらくGETと考えられるので空のフォームを返す必要があります。 (別の種類のリクエストだとしても空のフォームを返しておけば安全です)。 ``

      余分なバッククォートが入っているようです。

    1. NvePTx1 is indeed a toxin

      Is there any way to test if they are neurotoxins, cytotoxins, or hemotoxins?

    2. by ectodermal gland cells

      This relates to gbonet's comment on spiders and the Cnidaria's evolutionary similarities. In an article I read, it pointed out that the epithelia of three major salivary glands may be of ectodermal origin, and spiders deliver venom from modified salivary glands.

    3. A planula larva emerges from the egg package 48–72 hpf and starts swimming in the water

      I am a bit excited that I predicted this information after researching a bit of the first few sentences!

    4. They then become swimming larvae, barely visible to the naked eye, that do not feed

      This interested me and I was wondering if these would be considered planula larvae? If so it is extremely interesting and I wonder when their mouth and digestive tract develop. I also learned a new term-- lecithotrophy. Which means that they feed on egg yolk and materials put in the egg by the mother (I would assume the ladder is not applicable since the sea anemones shoot out their sperm and eggs to reproduce there is not time for preparation of greater material).

    1. “Asking questions,” Varys said, slipping out the door.

      and thats what kills ned...

    2. The tears of Lys, t

      oh he tells the truth

    3. Prince Aemon the Dragonknight

      naerys

    4. Littlenger lovesLittlenger.

      so real

    5. “But you, Lord Stark ... I think ... no,I know ... he would not kill you, not even for his queen, and theremay lie our salvation.”

      uh well you are right...for now

    6. Lord Varys?

      knew itt

    7. Law and custom gave the baseborn few rights.Gendry, the girl in the Vale, the boy at Storm’s End, none of themcould threaten Robert’s trueborn children ...

      ummm

    8. Ned remembered Robert’s rst child as well, a daughter born inthe Vale when Robert was scarcely more than a boy himself. Asweet little girl; the young lord of Storm’s End had doted on her. Heused to make daily visits to play with the babe, long after he hadlost interest in the mother. Ned was often dragged along forcompany, whether he willed it or not. The girl would be seventeenor eighteen now, he realized; older than Robert had been when hefathered her. A strange thought.

      oh will they appear later?

    9. “Dance of theDragons,

      WOAH

    10. That night at the feast, Eddard Stark was more hopeful than hehad been in a great while. Robert was in high good humor, theLannisters were nowhere to be seen, and even his daughters werebehaving. Jory brought Arya down to join them, and Sansa spoke toher sister pleasantly. “The tournament was magnicent,” she sighed.“You should have come. How was your dancing?”“I’m sore all over,” Arya reported happily, proudly displaying ahuge purple bruise on her leg.“You must be a terrible dancer,” Sansa said doubtfully.

      ned, sansa was full of hope last night and it didnt go well for her...just saying

    11. “Small honor and twenty thousand golds.” Lord Renly smiled.

      proud of his man

    12. Gregor Clegane killed the horse with a single blow of suchferocity that it half severed the animal’s neck. Cheers turned toshrieks in a heartbeat. The stallion went to its knees, screaming as itdied. By then Gregor was striding down the lists toward Ser LorasTyrell, his bloody sword clutched in his st. “Stop him!” Nedshouted, but his words were lost in the roar. Everyone else wasyelling as well, and Sansa was crying.

      hate him

    13. twining black vines and tiny blue forget-me-nots. Thecommons realized in the same instant as Ned that the blue of theowers came from sapphires; a gasp went up from a thousandthroats. Across the boy’s shoulders his cloak hung heavy. It waswoven of forget-me-nots, real ones, hundreds of fresh blooms sewnto a heavy woolen cape.

      oh i love him

    14. Some said it had been Gregorwho’d dashed the skull of the infant prince Aegon Targaryen againsta wall, and whispered that afterward he had raped the mother, theDornish princess Elia, before putting her to the sword.

      kill him

    15. and back at Winterfell there was a simpleminded stableboynamed Hodor who dwarfed them al

      yess hodor!!

    16. a riderless bloodbay was trotting o in search of grass while Ser Jaime Lannisterrolled in the dirt, golden and dented.

      YESS

    17. . If he could prove that theLannisters were behind the attack on Bran, prove that they hadmurdered Jon Arryn, this man would listen. Then Cersei would fall,and the Kingslayer with her, and if Lord Tywin dared to rouse thewest, Robert would smash him as he had smashed RhaegarTargaryen on the Trident. He could see it all so clearly.

      ahh ned you dreamer

    18. Renly says he has this sister, a maid offourteen, lovely as a dawn ...”

      hmm

    19. The thought of Jorey on the throne,with Cersei standing behind him whispering in his ear.

      thats exactly what happens

    20. the way she guards her cunt, you’d think she had all the goldof Casterly Rock between her legs

      so he hates her becaus he can' rape her...insane

    21. ViserysTargaryen ever try to win back his father’s throne.

      oh he's trying rn

    22. kinging

      kinging is crazy its just like viserys saying politicking

    23. You never knew Lyanna as I did, Robert,” Ned told him. “Yousaw her beauty, but not the iron underneath. She would have toldyou that you have no business in the melee.”

      you tell him

    24. One was Sansa’s age, with long golden curls; theother perhaps fteen, sandy-haired, with a wisp of a mustache andthe emerald-green eyes of the queen.

      oh so shes a pedo too? unless its changed here

    25. Lancel

      oh that bitch

    26. “Your Grace,”one was saying, almost in tears

      real

    27. , and it was illfortune to look on the face of death.

      foreshadwoign goes crazy

    28. In the pale dawn light, the young knight looked as though hewere sleeping. He had not been handsome, but death had smoothedhis rough-hewn features and the silent sisters had dressed him in hisbest velvet tunic

      OH WAIT JON ARRYNS KNIGHT

    29. A woodenknight, all painted up, every joint pegged separate and xed withstrings, so you could make him ght.

      a puppet knight...

    30. Pretty littletalking girl, you believe that, you’re empty-headed as a bird fortrue.

      bro she's ELEEVN

    31. “No one could withstand him,”she managed at last, proud of herself. It was no lie.Sandor Clegane stopped suddenly in the middle of a dark andempty eld. She had no choice but to stop beside him. “Some septatrained you well. You’re like one of those birds from the SummerIsles, aren’t you? A pretty little talking bird, repeating all the prettylittle words they taught you to recite.”“That’s unkind.” Sansa could feel her heart uttering in her chest.“You’re frightening me. I want to go now.”

      why does he need to rain on her parade

    32. The feastwas over, and the beautiful dream had ended with it.

      oh that was too soon

    33. Lannister stumbled and fell.

      lmao

    34. She wasdrunk on the magic of the night, giddy with glamour, swept awayby beauties she had dreamt of all her life and never dared hope toknow.

      poor girl is gonna get a reality check real soon

    35. He was too beautiful to hate.

      STOP SHES KINDA REAL I FEAR

    36. “Your mother was my queen of beauty once,” the man saidquietly. His breath smelled of mint. “You have her hair.” His ngersbrushed against her cheek as he stroked one auburn lock

      EW

    37. When Sansa nally looked up, a man was standing over her,staring. He was short, with a pointed beard and a silver streak in hishair, almost as old as her father. “You must be one of herdaughters,” he said to her. He had grey-green eyes that did notsmile when his mouth did. “You have the Tully look.”

      littlefinger...

    38. ansa had neverseen anyone so beautiful. His plate was intricately fashioned andenameled as a bouquet of a thousand dierent owers, and hissnow-white stallion was draped in a blanket of red and white roses.

      i love when pretty people date eachother

    39. ansa had almostforgotten about Jeyne.

      bro?

    40. When LordRenly climbed to his feet, the commons cheered wildly, for KingRobert’s handsome young brother was a great favorite. He handedthe broken tine to his conqueror with a gracious bow. The Houndsnorted and tossed the broken antler into the crowd, where thecommons began to punch and claw over the little bit of gold, untilLord Renly walked out among them and restored the peace.

      no because he kinda is hot lol

    41. but Sansa sat with her hands foldedin her lap, watching with a strange fascination. She had never seena man die before. She ought to be crying too, she thought, but thetears would not come. Perhaps she had used up all her tears forLady and Bran. It would be dierent if it had been Jory or SerRodrik or Father, she told herself.

      shes of the north

    42. His cloak was blue, the color of thesky on a clear summer’s day, trimmed with a border of crescentmoons, but as his blood seeped into it, the cloth darkened and themoons turned red, one by one.

      the vale is gonna be getting ugly real quick

    43. He overthrew Ser Andar Royce

      what about protective runes

    44. but when shesaw young Lord Beric Dondarrion, with his hair like red gold andhis black shield slashed by lightning, she pronounced herself willingto marry him on the instant.

      SHE gets it

    45. Jeyne Poole confessed herself frightened by the look of JalabharXho, an exile prince from the Summer Isles who wore a cape ofgreen and scarlet feathers over skin as dark as night,

      not saying shes racist lmao

    46. hetwins Ser Horas and Ser Hobber, whose shields displayed the grapecluster sigil of the Redwynes,

      ok so they are alocohalics

    47. Bryce

      bryce!!

    48. She did not know what was more satisfying: the sound of a dozenswords drawn as one or the look on Tyrion Lannister’s face.

      i stand with my queen cat

    49. He plans totake a new wife on his ninetieth name day, and has asked your lordfather to honor the wedding with his presence.”

      ick

    50. and found Catelyn. He looked at her for a moment,puzzled. She turned her face away, but too late. The dwarf wassmiling. “Lady Stark, what an unexpected pleasure,” he said. “I wassorry to miss you at Winterfell.”

      NOOO

    51. And may he choke on it, Catelyn thought, but it was Branshe saw choking, drowning on his own blood.

      oh! never say this lady isn't fierce

    52. my lord of Lannister

      NOOO

    53. Another singer had once bedded a girl her brother fancied;

      well that took a turn

    54. “As you say, my lady,” Ser Rodrik agreed. It was only when shelaughed that he realized what he’d done. “The old courtesies diehard, my—my daughter.” He tried to tug on his missing whiskers,and sighed with exasperation

      he's so sweet

    55. It must not come to war, Catelyn thoughtfervently. They must not let it.

      too late your sister already started it

    56. irascible Lord Frey

      HATE THEM HATE THEM ALL

    57. LadyWhent, last of her line, who dwelt with her ghosts in the cavernousvaults of Harrenhal;

      harrenhal tradegy...

    58. he Blackwoods and the Brackens, everenemies, whose quarrels her father was obliged to settle;

      yup even during rhaenyras time

    59. Catelyn could just make out the muddycrossing where the two great roads met.The crossroads gave her pause

      i think riverrun wouldve been better tbh

    60. Catelyn envied him that; she had come to fearso much

      :(

    61. It is only water, Ser Rodrik,” Catelyn replied. Her hair hung wetand heavy, a loose strand stuck to her forehead, and she couldimagine how ragged and wild she must look, but for once she didnot care.

      wouldnt she die in the river tooo...

    Annotators

    1. What is the Jewish calendar? The Jewish year, also known as the Hebrew year, is a lunisolar calendar used to determine the dates of Jewish holidays and observances. It is based on a 12-month cycle, with 12 alternating lunar months of 29 and 30 days each, except for Ḥeshvan and Kislev, which sometimes have either 29 or 30 days.

      Length of the Jewish Year

      A standard Jewish year has 354 days, but it can also be 353 or 355 days due to variations in the lunar orbit. The year is divided into 12 months, with six 29-day months and six 30-day months.

      Jewish New Year

      The Jewish year conventionally begins on Rosh Hashanah, the first day of Tishrei. However, the Jewish calendar also defines several additional new years, used for different purposes. The use of multiple starting dates for a year is comparable to different starting dates for civil “calendar years”, “tax or fiscal years”, “academic years”, and so on.

      Jewish Year Number

      The Jewish year number is generally given by Anno Mundi (from Latin “in the year of the world”, often abbreviated AM or A.M.). In this calendar era, the year number equals the number of years that have passed since the creation of the world, according to an interpretation of Biblical accounts of the creation and subsequent history.

      Jewish Holidays

      Jewish holidays can only fall on the weekdays shown in the following table:

      Day of the Week Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Adar (or Adar II, in leap years) to 29 Marcheshvan <br /> Jewish holidays include Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kippur, Sukkot, Shemini Atzeret, and others. These holidays are commemorated on the same day of the Hebrew calendar every year, but the date shifts on the Gregorian calendar used by most of the western world.

      Current Jewish Year

      The current Jewish year is 5784 (תשפ"ד).

    2. the jewish year The Jewish year, also known as the Hebrew year, is a lunisolar calendar used to determine the dates of Jewish holidays and observances. It is based on a 12-month cycle, with 12 alternating lunar months of 29 and 30 days each, except for Ḥeshvan and Kislev, which sometimes have either 29 or 30 days. Length of the Jewish Year A standard Jewish year has 354 days, but it can also be 353 or 355 days due to variations in the lunar orbit. The year is divided into 12 months, with six 29-day months and six 30-day months. Jewish New Year The Jewish year conventionally begins on Rosh Hashanah, the first day of Tishrei. However, the Jewish calendar also defines several additional new years, used for different purposes. The use of multiple starting dates for a year is comparable to different starting dates for civil “calendar years”, “tax or fiscal years”, “academic years”, and so on. Jewish Year Number The Jewish year number is generally given by Anno Mundi (from Latin “in the year of the world”, often abbreviated AM or A.M.). In this calendar era, the year number equals the number of years that have passed since the creation of the world, according to an interpretation of Biblical accounts of the creation and subsequent history. Jewish Holidays Jewish holidays can only fall on the weekdays shown in the following table: Day of the Week Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Adar (or Adar II, in leap years) to 29 Marcheshvan Jewish holidays include Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kippur, Sukkot, Shemini Atzeret, and others. These holidays are commemorated on the same day of the Hebrew calendar every year, but the date shifts on the Gregorian calendar used by most of the western world. Current Jewish Year The current Jewish year is 5784 (תשפ"ד).

      The jewish year The Jewish year, also known as the Hebrew year, is a lunisolar calendar used to determine the dates of Jewish holidays and observances. It is based on a 12-month cycle, with 12 alternating lunar months of 29 and 30 days each, except for Ḥeshvan and Kislev, which sometimes have either 29 or 30 days.

      Length of the Jewish Year

      A standard Jewish year has 354 days, but it can also be 353 or 355 days due to variations in the lunar orbit. The year is divided into 12 months, with six 29-day months and six 30-day months.

      Jewish New Year

      The Jewish year conventionally begins on Rosh Hashanah, the first day of Tishrei. However, the Jewish calendar also defines several additional new years, used for different purposes. The use of multiple starting dates for a year is comparable to different starting dates for civil “calendar years”, “tax or fiscal years”, “academic years”, and so on.

      Jewish Year Number

      The Jewish year number is generally given by Anno Mundi (from Latin “in the year of the world”, often abbreviated AM or A.M.). In this calendar era, the year number equals the number of years that have passed since the creation of the world, according to an interpretation of Biblical accounts of the creation and subsequent history.

      Jewish Holidays

      Jewish holidays can only fall on the weekdays shown in the following table:

      Day of the Week Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Adar (or Adar II, in leap years) to 29 Marcheshvan <br /> Jewish holidays include Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kippur, Sukkot, Shemini Atzeret, and others. These holidays are commemorated on the same day of the Hebrew calendar every year, but the date shifts on the Gregorian calendar used by most of the western world.

      Current Jewish Year

      The current Jewish year is 5784 (תשפ"ד).

    1. Mazeppa

      "... the count punishes Mazeppa by tying him naked to a wild horse and setting the horse loose." Well, that's horrifying.

    2. Ahab

      Does not seem to care in the slightest

    3. like the six burghers of Calais

      To ransom the city of Calais from the invading English, six prominent citizens appeared before the English king in sack cloth and ashes with nooses around their necks and presented him the keys to the city. A truly majestic sculpture of the six burghers in a variety of attitudes ranging from proud and defiant to dejected and despairing was executed by Rodin - a copy is in the Metropolitan Museum of Art. - Horst

    4. Christianity

      Is forced preaching and forced conversion really Christianity?

    5. Nor was Stubb the only banqueter on whale’s flesh that night.

      They could have fed the whole crew and salted the leftover meat instead of only a few having the steaks. Waste.

    6. Massa Stubb

      Slave talk - previous slave or freed?

    7. Hang-Ho, or whatever they call it, in China

      Again... racial issue

    8. eye-splice

      There is some channel that I've been getting on my Facebook feed that shows people working to splice ropes, from tiney, to almost a 1' in diameter.

    9. American fishery

      Subsistence whaling in the Arctic used to use caribou sinew that could be braided for extra strength. Balen was rarely used.

    10. hemp

      Hemp was grown extensively in the US for both WWI and WWII to be used as rope and other materials for the war effort. It's fibers are super strong and the plant can be made into hempcrete, an eco-friendlier material. Unfortunately, getting permits to grow is often a hassle, since once it goes over 0.3% THC it becomes marijuana, and there are all sorts of fun legal issues. Climate change and growing hemp is a problem because THC increases with more drought and heat as a protectant to the plant. Jess

    11. so the graceful repose of the line, as it silently serpentines about the oarsmen before being brought into actual play—this is a thing which carries more of true terror than any other aspect of this dangerous affair.

      This is quite a statement. There is more "true terror" in the line of the boat than in the whales themselves! Suggesting or implying that the most frightening dimensions of the voyage are internal to the ship, the men and their tools--the mundane conditions of their labor--rather than external, spectacular nature. Maybe we shouldn't generalize too far, but it is a crucial, if subtle revision of, say, Ahab's view.

    1. For electoral colleges in general, see Electoral college. For other uses and regions, see Electoral college (disambiguation). Electoral votes, out of 538, allocated to each state and the District of Columbia for presidential elections to be held in 2024 and 2028 based on the 2020 census; every jurisdiction is entitled to at least 3. In the 2020 presidential election (held using 2010 census data) Joe Biden received 306 (●) and Donald Trump 232 (●) of the total 538 electoral votes. In Maine (upper-right) and Nebraska (center), the small circled numbers indicate congressional districts. 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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}}.mw-parser-output .US-politics-sidebar{width:20em;border:4px double #d69d36}.mw-parser-output .US-politics-sidebar .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:#002868;color:#FFFFFF;border:1px double #8C959A}.mw-parser-output .US-politics-sidebar .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:#FFFFFF}.mw-parser-output .US-politics-sidebar .sidebar-heading{background:#bf0a30;color:#FFFFFF;border:1px double #8C959A}.mw-parser-output .US-politics-sidebar .sidebar-list-content{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .US-politics-sidebar .sidebar-list-title{text-align:center;background:#bf0a30;color:#FFFFFF;border:1px double #8C959A}.mw-parser-output .US-politics-sidebar .sidebar-list-title a{color:#FFFFFF}.mw-parser-output .US-politics-sidebar .mw-collapsible-text{color:#FFFFFF}This article is part of a series on thePolitics of the United States showFederal government Constitution of the United States Law Taxation Policy showLegislature United States Congress House of Representatives Speaker Mike Johnson (R) Majority Leader Steve Scalise (R) Minority Leader Hakeem Jeffries (D) Congressional districts (list) Non-voting members Senate President Kamala Harris (D) President Pro Tempore Patty Murray (D) Majority Leader Chuck Schumer (D) Minority Leader Mitch McConnell (R) showExecutive President of the United States Joe Biden (D) Vice President of the United States Kamala Harris (D) United States Attorney General Merrick Garland Cabinet Federal agencies Executive Office showJudiciary Supreme Court of the United States Chief Justice John Roberts Thomas Alito Sotomayor Kagan Gorsuch Kavanaugh Barrett Jackson Inferior Courts of the United States Courts of appeals District courts (list) Court of International Trade Multidistrict Litigation Judicial Panel Alien Terrorist Removal Court Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review Other tribunals showElections National Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Off-year elections Primary elections Presidential primary Elections by State and Territory Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming American Samoa Guam Northern Mariana Islands Puerto Rico U.S. Virgin Islands Elections in the District of Columbia (List of Elections) showPolitical parties Democratic Republican Third parties Libertarian Green List of political parties showPolitical ideologies Conservatism history Black Neo- Paleo- Social Traditionalist Liberalism Modern Progressivism Abolitionism Constitutionalism Environmentalism Feminism Libertarianism Monarchism Populism Protectionism Republicanism Socialism Anarchism Individualist anarchism Political culture Political polarization showFederalism State and Territorial government Governors Legislatures (list) Courts Local government District of Columbia Government District Council Mayor Superior Court showForeign relations Department of State Secretary of State: Antony Blinken Diplomatic missions of / in the United States Nationality law Passports Visa requirements Visa policy United States and the United Nations United Nations Security Council P5 NATO G20 G7 Russia China India Japan Canada United Kingdom European Union Latin America Arab League United States portal Politics portal.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}vte In the United States, the Electoral College is the group of presidential electors that is formed every four years during the presidential election for the sole purpose of voting for the president and vice president. The process is described in Article II of the U.S. Constitution.[1] The number of electoral votes a state has equals its number of Senators (2) plus its number of Representatives in the House of Representatives, the latter being dependent on the Census's reported population. Each state appoints electors using legal procedures determined by its legislature, equal in number to its congressional delegation (representatives and 2 senators) totaling 535 electors in the 50 states. A 1961 amendment granted the federal District of Columbia three electors. Of the current 538 electors, a simple majority of 270 or more electoral votes is required to elect the president and vice president. If no candidate achieves a majority there, a contingent election is held by the House of Representatives to elect the president and by the Senate to elect the vice president. Federal office holders, including senators and representatives, cannot be electors. The states and the District of Columbia hold a statewide or district-wide popular vote on Election Day in November to choose electors based upon how they have pledged to vote for president and vice president, with some state laws prohibiting faithless electors. All states except Maine and Nebraska use a party block voting, or general ticket method, to choose their electors, meaning all their electors go to one winning ticket. Maine and Nebraska choose one elector per congressional district and 2 electors for the ticket with the highest statewide vote. The electors meet and vote in December, and the inaugurations of the president and vice president take place in January. The merit of the electoral college system has been a matter of ongoing debate in the United States since its inception at the Constitutional Convention in 1787, becoming more controversial by the latter years of the 19th century, up to the present day.[2][3] More resolutions have been submitted to amend the Electoral College mechanism than any other part of the constitution,[4] with 1969–70 as the closest attempt to reform the Electoral College.[5] Supporters argue that it requires presidential candidates to have broad appeal across the country to win, while critics argue that it is not representative of the popular will of the nation.[a] Winner-take-all systems, especially with representation not proportional to population, do not align with the principle of "one person, one vote".[b][9] Critics object to the inequity that, due to the distribution of electors, individual citizens in states with smaller populations have more voting power than those in larger states.[10] This is because the number of electors each state appoints is equal to the size of its congressional delegation, each state is entitled to at least 3 regardless of its population, and the apportionment of the statutorily fixed number of the rest is only roughly proportional. This allocation has contributed to runners-up of the nationwide popular vote being elected president in 1824, 1876, 1888, 2000, and 2016.[11][12] In addition, faithless electors may not vote in accord with their pledge.[13][c] Further objection is that swing states receive the most attention from candidates.[15] By the end of the 20th century, Electoral colleges had been abandoned by all other democracies around the world in favor of direct elections for an executive president.[16][17]:215 Procedure[edit] The New York electoral college delegation voting for Benjamin Harrison for president. In the 1888 election, Harrison became one of the five presidents elected without winning the popular vote. Article II, Section 1, Clause 2 of the United States Constitution directs each state to appoint a quantity of electors equal to that state's congressional delegation (the number of members of the House of Representatives plus two senators). The same clause empowers each state legislature to determine the manner by which that state's electors are chosen but prohibits federal office holders from being named electors. Following the national presidential election day on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November,[18] each state, and the federal district, selects its electors according to its laws. After a popular election, the states identify and record their appointed electors in a Certificate of Ascertainment, and those appointed electors then meet in their respective jurisdictions and produce a Certificate of Vote for their candidate; both certificates are then sent to Congress to be opened and counted.[19] In 48 of the 50 states, state laws mandate that the winner of the plurality of the statewide popular vote receive all of that state's electoral votes.[20] In Maine and Nebraska, two electoral votes are assigned in this manner, while the remaining electoral votes are allocated based on the plurality o

      I am not sure where you get a list of "the electors" who of course are appointed for life, and I am not really sure by whom.

      They of course are something similar to the "Supreme Soviet" they are tasked with doing nothing but voting in accordance with the states laws regarddddddddddddddddddddddddding the popular vote, whether to split the elector count based on popular vote or go "all in" per state.

      I am downloading a list of all "elected or hopefully nominatively born representatives of each country" to "accompany" THE ACADEMY which glows very bright as a kind of arm or hand or ... mouthpiece of even brain of God in the words of "how to build heaven" and "hwo to do it right" when you get into the message of reading history and reading the difference between "replicators" and "fed five thousand with something like a fish."

      fish, shoes, the woman that lived in shoe ... the frog that turned from a tad pole into a t-rex ... there's all kinds of stories about the "letter alpha."

      AND The OMEGA.

      it doesn't look like my "wget -3" is going to grab a list of presidents, viice presidents or electors, though it will get to this page, and perhaps get all the current senators, and representatives.

      Who knows if there's a big difference between this list and the 114th Congress that happened to synchronistically and coincidentally "reign" in the year 2014.

      I jsut remember cuz it's the "ADth" you know, like the year Cristobol Colon sailed the Ocean Blue, ADIB, or 1492.

      In the year of our lord, Anno Domini; which ChatGPT assures me is "really good latin" for those words, even though it doesn't relaly look like any kind of conjugation or strrrrrrrrrrrrrrrange tense for "annum dominus" which is my latin for saying "year lord" in the latin that ive discerned over the ... years since the news papers stopped putting "A.D." postfixing the year since 0 ... aroud when "after the death of .." or the "before Christ" had something to do with an alternative calendar that goes back another 3 thousand or so years.

      It is 5700 something, in Jewish years. Who knows why.

    1. RRID:AB_439690

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    2. RRID:AB_439690

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      Resource: BDSC_92394

      Curator: @anisehay

      SciCrunch record: RRID:BDSC_92394


      What is this?

    49. 92393

      DOI: 10.7554/eLife.72599

      Resource: BDSC_92393

      Curator: @anisehay

      SciCrunch record: RRID:BDSC_92393


      What is this?

    50. BDSC 92392

      DOI: 10.7554/eLife.72599

      Resource: BDSC_92392

      Curator: @anisehay

      SciCrunch record: RRID:BDSC_92392


      What is this?

    51. 92397

      DOI: 10.7554/eLife.72599

      Resource: BDSC_92397

      Curator: @anisehay

      SciCrunch record: RRID:BDSC_92397


      What is this?

    52. BDSC 92396

      DOI: 10.7554/eLife.72599

      Resource: BDSC_92396

      Curator: @anisehay

      SciCrunch record: RRID:BDSC_92396


      What is this?

    53. 92399

      DOI: 10.7554/eLife.72599

      Resource: BDSC_92399

      Curator: @anisehay

      SciCrunch record: RRID:BDSC_92399


      What is this?

    54. BDSC 92398

      DOI: 10.7554/eLife.72599

      Resource: BDSC_92398

      Curator: @anisehay

      SciCrunch record: RRID:BDSC_92398


      What is this?

    55. 92402

      DOI: 10.7554/eLife.72599

      Resource: BDSC_92402

      Curator: @anisehay

      SciCrunch record: RRID:BDSC_92402


      What is this?

    56. 92401

      DOI: 10.7554/eLife.72599

      Resource: BDSC_92401

      Curator: @anisehay

      SciCrunch record: RRID:BDSC_92401


      What is this?

    57. BDSC 92400

      DOI: 10.7554/eLife.72599

      Resource: BDSC_92400

      Curator: @anisehay

      SciCrunch record: RRID:BDSC_92400


      What is this?

    1. On their shoulders rested the responsibility for teaching a common course of study as well as the moral values and sensibilities that would preserve and perpetuate the repub-lic.

      This made me think about the discussion we had in class about the purpose of schools. Specifically, if the purpose of schools is to serve the greater good. this definition of the role of teachers implies that the main course of study revolved around this idea of creating good citizens that would preserve the society we consider to be apart of the greater good. It is interesting to see that this really was an important part of our school system in earlier days.

    1. Vitamin B12 deficiency

    2. Tinea nigra

    3. SDRIFE

      El sdrife es una reacción medicamentosa cutánea intertriginosa y autolimitada, se caracteriza por una erupción eritematosa simétrica que involucra los pliegues intertriginosos, los glúteos y las áreas perigenitales. Representa un trastorno inofensivo y raro que se produce por exposición sistémica a fármacos, independientemente de si hay o no sensibilización previa.

    4. Dowling–Degos disease

      Dowling-Degos disease is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by acquired reticular hyperpigmentation in flexural sites. Hyperpigmentation is often recalcitrant to therapy and may lead to significant psychosocial distress, especially in those with concomitant acne-like scarring.

    5. Erythrasma

      El eritrasma es una infección intertriginosa causada por Corynebacterium minutissimum, muy frecuente en pacientes con diabetes y en individuos que viven en climas más cálidos. El diagnóstico es clínico. El tratamiento se realiza con antibióticos tópicos o con claritromicina por vía oral.

    6. Rothmund–Thomson syndrome

      (ROT-moond-TOM-sun SIN-drome) A rare, inherited disorder that affects many parts of the body, especially the skin, eyes, bones, hair, and teeth. The main sign or symptom is a red blistering rash on the face that begins in early infancy.

    7. Trichothiodystrophy

      Trichothiodystrophy (TTD) is a rare autosomal recessive multisystem disorder characterized by sulfur-deficient brittle hair, mental and physical retardation, ichthyosis, and, in many patients, cutaneous photosensitivity but no cancer incidence.

    8. Cockayne syndrome

    9. Xeroderma pigmentosum

    1. A Mermaid

      almost the "self definer" connecting my connection of the jinn, the Jotunn and the "idea" the Yotunnheim is now very much and very obviously connected by "joven" to Yovenheim ... viiiia Odinheim, via the Cherubim of the "chair you beam" people, who of course are one in the same with the "Frost Gaints" or whomever are the women of renl<nown, known only to those who know ... "ren own" in this day in age;

      because of Ren, Wren, and of course "Stumpy" aka the Scotts of Prescott and Scottsdale people who are searrching high and low for reasons to shun Flagstaff and consider it outside of the union of NVUS, FLUS, and of course the few, the proud, the CAUS. :)

    1. Consider another definition of language here that highlights the way language is …: Fasold and Connor-Linton (2006) define language as “a finite system of elements and principles that make it possible for speakers to construct sentences to do particular communicative jobs”

      Can we substitute this defintion with the one from Bloome and B?

    1. Five Fairly Fun Fixes For Free by [[Joe Van Cleave]]

      Advice for typewriter ribbon printing, especially as silk ribbons age and more quickly gunk up the loops or letters like "e" or "a". Nylon ribbon and a thin plastic backing sheet can be helpfu.

      Use of bookbinder's glue on fabric of typewriter cases, then layers of shoe polish.

      General advice for replacing feet on typewriter cases.

      Small incremental improvements to your typewriter can be easier and more sustainable than trying to do everything at once.

    1. Erythema infectiosum

      El eritema infeccioso, también conocido como megaloeritema o 5.º enfermedad, es una enfermedad infecciosa producida por el virus de DNA Parvovirus B19,2​ de la familia Parvoviridae.

    2. Bloom syndrome

      Bloom syndrome (BSyn) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by short stature; a sun-sensitive, red rash that occurs primarily over the nose and cheeks; mild immune deficiency with increased susceptibility to infections; insulin resistance that resembles type 2 diabetes; and most importantly, a markedly increased susceptibility to many types of cancer, especially leukemia, lymphoma and colorectal tumors.

    3. Erythema ab igne

      por calor o radiación uv

    1. nevus anemicus

    2. congenital dermal melanocytosis

    3. Nevus of Ota

    4. tumor of Reed

      The pigmented spindle cell tumor is a distinct benign melanocytic lesion with characteristic clinical and histopathologic features. Until recently, it has been poorly documented in the literature and is frequently misdiagnosed as malignant melanoma

    5. Urticaria pigmentosa

    6. junctional nevi

      The junctional melanocytic nevus is a well-circumscribed brown to black macule, which may clinically resemble a lentigo. It may develop anywhere on the body surface. Usually it appears during childhood or early adolescence, and matures with time into a compound nevus and later into an intradermal nevus.

    7. lentigines

      Lentigines, or liver spots, are benign lesions that occur on the sun-exposed areas of the body. The backs of hands and face are common areas.

    8. Patch-stage Kaposi sarcoma

    9. resolving lichen planus

    10. Interface dermatitis

      Interface dermatitis includes diseases in which the primary pathology involves the dermo-epidermal junction. Lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis, lichen planus, graft versus host disease, erythema multiforme, fixed drug eruptions, lichen striatus, and pityriasis lichenoides are considered major interface diseases

    1. Medical students develop certain constituents ofprofessionalism as part of their lifelong professional identityduring the course of their graduation. Hence, they learn theprofessional ways and means to communicate on social mediaand inculcate the digital networking in their professionalidentities. The Internet can help in this regard where studentscan interact with one another and form communities labeledas virtual communities.[10] Interactions in virtual communitiesare usually frequent because of the availability of Internet onhandheld gadgets and ease of time and venue.[11] Connectingto certain communities of practice gives meaning to theprofessional identity.

      This section highlights the role of internet-based interactions in the professional development of medical students. It emphasizes that during their education, students acquire essential professional communication skills, which they apply on social media to build their digital professional identities. The Internet facilitates the formation of virtual communities, where frequent interactions, enabled by the convenience of handheld devices, support the continuous development and reinforcement of their professional identity.