if you accept that this is pretty widespread and we we can talk about all the evidence for that the question is then why like how why are we so susceptible to being spectacularly wrong about the 00:04:13 group and then end up like making something true that never was true and it's really like two underlying mechanisms right so the first is this conformity bias which that's not very novel like we know we've known for a 00:04:25 long time that is a species humans are a conforming species

so what 00:03:11 is a collective illusion then right so like what's the definition simply they simply stated right collective illusions are situations where the majority in a group ends up going along with something that they 00:03:23 don't privately agree with simply because they incorrectly think that most other people in the group agree with it and and as a result entire groups can end up doing things that almost nobody really wanted

i had known about this phenomenon which we call collective illusions historically has been called things like pluralistic ignorance um the illusion of universality things like this and because we'd known about it uh we 00:02:21 started asking people not only what they thought about certain issues but what they thought most people thought right and what was so shocking it was that actually the first time we ever did it was in like 2015 and it was 00:02:33 almost like a throwaway question and we weren't even sure what we'd get and what we found over and over again since is that it almost doesn't matter what topic we ask about if it's socially important it's like a coin toss whether we're 00:02:46 wrong about what the majority really believes and so we're living in this time when these collective illusions may actually be one of the defining features of modern society and as we can talk about they have such 00:02:59 like damaging consequences for the individual and the group and i felt like this could no longer just be an academic conversation like we need to have a conversation with the general public about this issue

i talked to todd rose about this notion of collective 00:00:51 illusions you know humans are a tribal species prone to conformity and in a lot of instances we act according to what our in-group wants rather than what we want as individuals ironically todd's research shows that we make poor 00:01:04 inferences about the majority consensus and that failing to recognize collective illusions can have negative consequences on our identities relationships values and society to avoid falling into conformity traps todd encourages us to 00:01:17 live congruent private and public lives that adhere to our personal convictions

The projected timing of climate departurefrom recent variability

Commemorative Moment 1st Plenary Meeting

by 00:11:01 default hard wired for system systemic localized solutions to our global and existential challenges

multilateral cooperation is key to accelerate such action that new and additional voices need to be heard and engaged with especially 00:10:11 those of youth women indigenous groups and local communities the need to centre action on the principles of reaching out to the furthest first and leaving no one behind something like gandhian talisman

the need for incentives to favor actions and implementation of existing commitments over more negotiations the issue of longer-term visioning is a repeated ask especially through a 00:09:21 greater engagement of youth and decision making as they have a greater stake in the future

we have heard repeated calls for scaling 00:08:32 up actions

the inter-connectedness of the crises we face climate pollution biodiversity and 00:07:54 inequality require our change require a change in our exploitative relationship to our planet to a more holistic and caring one but that can only happen with a change in our behavior

going beyond gdp as a measure of well-being and progress is a key aspect of the shift that is required which you've noted well in the report

given the impacts that humans are having on the planet our flourishing can no longer be limited just by what we do in 00:07:16 our lifetimes nor our development opportunities of the current and future generations dependent only on the productive capacity that we leave as legacy but it depends on is also on the health 00:07:27 of the underlying natural systems and resources that support our well-being

everywhere environmental injustices abound and this is another aspect of this conference which is very central to our thinking the environmental injustice's current and future have given rise to a growing 00:06:25 trust deficit in our various conversations and consultations towards stock 150 four kinds of trust deficits have manifested themselves between developed and developing countries between states and non-state 00:06:38 actors across generations and with marginalized groups such as indigenous peoples women and local communities with a breakdown of trust and the unfulfilled promises on commitments 00:06:50 there's a growing impatience and sometimes even anger to write the wrongs of years of consumption choices production patterns and finance flows that have resulted in a degrading planet 00:07:02 and growing inequity ill health mistrust and hopelessness for the many and a good life for the few

Capital and Ideology examines the creation of what Piketty terms “ownership societies” that valued and maintained high concentrations of private wealth, along with their brief reversal in the mid-20th century (aided by new instruments of social democracy, including the nationalization of key infrastructures and services, public education, health and pension reforms, and progressive taxation).

According to Piketty (2020, p. 20), the “most worrisome structural changes facing us today [include] the revival of inequality nearly everywhere since the 1980s.”

Revisiting the “Great Levelling”: The limits of Piketty’s Capital and Ideology for understanding the rise of late 20th century inequality

European farmland could be biggest global reservoir of microplastics, study suggests

Sewage sludge is commonly used on agricultural land as a sustainable and renewable source of fertiliser throughout European countries, in part due to EU directives that promote the diverting of sewage sludge away from landfill and incineration and towards energy production and agriculture.

“Our results highlight the magnitude of the problem across European soils and suggest that the practice of spreading sludge on agricultural land could potentially make them one of the largest global reservoirs of microplastic pollution,”

the team estimate that microplastics removed from raw sewage at wastewater treatment plants go on to make up roughly 1% of the weight of sewage sludge, which is commonly used as a fertiliser on farms across Europe.

Energy efficiency has never been more crucial! The time to unleashing its massive potential has come

Perhaps one of the most important questions to be asked is “What are we not ‘seeing’?.” … “A collaborative project of the late botanists Erwin Lichtenegger and Lore Kutschera celebrates the power and beauty of these otherwise hidden systems through detailed drawings of agricultural crops, shrubs, trees, and weeds. Digitized by the Wageningen University & Research, the extensive archive is the culmination of 40 years of research in Austria that involved cultivating and carefully retrieving developed plant life from the soil for study. It now boasts more than 1,000 renderings of the winding, spindly roots, some of which branch multiple feet wide.”

What can we do with a shift in thinking backed by a total of $3.6 trillion in funds under management? I’m backing strategic circular initiatives to convert the highest return on value for anyone’s money. Stay tuned as we crack open new investment opportunities.

What happens in Indonesia when a textile manufacturer illegally dumps dye waste!

Demand-side solutions require both motivation and capacity for change (high confidence).34Motivation by individuals or households worldwide to change energy consumption behaviour is35generally low. Individual behavioural change is insufficient for climate change mitigation unless36embedded in structural and cultural change. Different factors influence individual motivation and37capacity for change in different demographics and geographies. These factors go beyond traditional38socio-demographic and economic predictors and include psychological variables such as awareness,39perceived risk, subjective and social norms, values, and perceived behavioural control. Behavioural40nudges promote easy behaviour change, e.g., “improve” actions such as making investments in energy41efficiency, but fail to motivate harder lifestyle changes. (high confidence) {5.4}

Wealthy individuals contribute disproportionately to higher emissions and have a high potential28for emissions reductions while maintaining decent living standards and well-being (high29confidence).

ocio-cultural and lifestyle changes can accelerate climate change mitigation (medium26confidence). Among 60 identified actions that could change individual consumption, individual27mobility choices have the largest potential to reduce carbon footprints. Prioritizing car-free mobility by28walking and cycling and adoption of electric mobility could save 2 tCO2eq cap-1 yr-1. Other options with29high mitigation potential include reducing air travel, cooling setpoint adjustments, reduced appliance30use, shifts to public transit, and shifting consumption towards plant-based diets

The indicative potential of demand-side strategies across all sectors to reduce emissions is 40-70%15by 2050 (high confidence)

var _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____ = function(name) {return (self._wb_wombat && self._wb_wombat.local_init && self._wb_wombat.local_init(name)) || self[name]; }; if (!self.__WB_pmw) { self.__WB_pmw = function(obj) { this.__WB_source = obj; return this; } } { let window = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("window"); let self = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("self"); let document = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("document"); let location = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("location"); let top = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("top"); let parent = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("parent"); let frames = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("frames"); let opener = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("opener"); let arguments; { whenDocReady(function() { const menu = new MmenuLight( document.querySelector( "#my-menu" ) ); const navigator = menu.navigation({ title : ''}); const drawer = menu.offcanvas(); document.querySelector( 'a[href="#my-menu"]' ) .addEventListener( 'click', ( evnt ) => { evnt.preventDefault(); drawer.open(); });}); }} var _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____ = function(name) {return (self._wb_wombat && self._wb_wombat.local_init && self._wb_wombat.local_init(name)) || self[name]; }; if (!self.__WB_pmw) { self.__WB_pmw = function(obj) { this.__WB_source = obj; return this; } } { let window = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("window"); let self = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("self"); let document = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("document"); let location = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("location"); let top = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("top"); let parent = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("parent"); let frames = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("frames"); let opener = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("opener"); let arguments; { whenDocReady(function() { jQuery('#city_selector_menu_city_id').autocomplete({ source: 'https://www.numbeo.com/common/CitySearchJson', minLength: 1, delay: 3, autoFocus: true, select: function(event, ui) { event.preventDefault(); $('#name_menu_city_id').val(ui.item.label); $('#city_selector_menu_city_id').val(ui.item.label); $('#menu_city_id').val(ui.item.value); jQuery('#menu_dispatch_form').submit(); }, focus: function(event, ui) { event.preventDefault(); } , appendTo: '#container_menu_city_id', }) .keydown(function(e){ if (e.keyCode === 13){ if ($('#menu_city_id').val() == '') { e.preventDefault(); } var val = $('#city_selector_menu_city_id').val(); $('#name_menu_city_id').val(val); } }); // end autocompleter definition $('#city_selector_menu_city_id').toggleClass('city-selector-menu'); $('#city_selector_menu_city_id').toggleClass('city-selector-menu'); }); // end document ready }} var _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____ = function(name) {return (self._wb_wombat && self._wb_wombat.local_init && self._wb_wombat.local_init(name)) || self[name]; }; if (!self.__WB_pmw) { self.__WB_pmw = function(obj) { this.__WB_source = obj; return this; } } { let window = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("window"); let self = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("self"); let document = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("document"); let location = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("location"); let top = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("top"); let parent = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("parent"); let frames = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("frames"); let opener = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("opener"); let arguments; { whenDocReady(function() { var winWidth = $(window).width(); if (winWidth < 768) { $('#city_selector_menu_city_id').focus(function() { $('#logo_td').hide(); $('#city_selector_menu_city_id').addClass('city-selector-menu-active'); }); $('#city_selector_menu_city_id').focusout(function() { $('#logo_td').show(); $('#city_selector_menu_city_id').removeClass('city-selector-menu-active'); }); } }); }} Crime Index by City 2022 var _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____ = function(name) {return (self._wb_wombat && self._wb_wombat.local_init && self._wb_wombat.local_init(name)) || self[name]; }; if (!self.__WB_pmw) { self.__WB_pmw = function(obj) { this.__WB_source = obj; return this; } } { let window = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("window"); let self = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("self"); let document = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("document"); let location = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("location"); let top = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("top"); let parent = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("parent"); let frames = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("frames"); let opener = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("opener"); let arguments; { whenDocReady(function() { var calcWidth = jQuery(window).width() - 30; if (calcWidth < 320) { calcWidth = 320; } if (calcWidth > 800) { calcWidth = 800; } jQuery('#offerMembership').dialog({ modal: true , width: calcWidth}); jQuery('#checking2').val('secret'); }); }} var _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____ = function(name) {return (self._wb_wombat && self._wb_wombat.local_init && self._wb_wombat.local_init(name)) || self[name]; }; if (!self.__WB_pmw) { self.__WB_pmw = function(obj) { this.__WB_source = obj; return this; } } { let window = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("window"); let self = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("self"); let document = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("document"); let location = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("location"); let top = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("top"); let parent = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("parent"); let frames = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("frames"); let opener = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("opener"); let arguments; { whenDocReady(function() { jQuery('#city_selector_subscription_city_id').autocomplete({ source: 'https://www.numbeo.com/common/CitySearchJson', minLength: 1, delay: 3, autoFocus: true, select: function(event, ui) { event.preventDefault(); $('#name_subscription_city_id').val(ui.item.label); $('#city_selector_subscription_city_id').val(ui.item.label); $('#subscription_city_id').val(ui.item.value); }, focus: function(event, ui) { event.preventDefault(); } , appendTo: '#container_subscription_city_id', }) .keydown(function(e){ if (e.keyCode === 13){ if ($('#subscription_city_id').val() == '') { e.preventDefault(); } var val = $('#city_selector_subscription_city_id').val(); $('#name_subscription_city_id').val(val); } }); // end autocompleter definition }); // end document ready }} You are looking at Crime Index 2022. These indices are historical and they are published periodically. It's a snapshot of the current indices at a specific point in time. To access current rankings (updated continuously) please visit Crime Index Rate (Current). var _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____ = function(name) {return (self._wb_wombat && self._wb_wombat.local_init && self._wb_wombat.local_init(name)) || self[name]; }; if (!self.__WB_pmw) { self.__WB_pmw = function(obj) { this.__WB_source = obj; return this; } } { let window = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("window"); let self = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("self"); let document = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("document"); let location = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("location"); let top = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("top"); let parent = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("parent"); let frames = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("frames"); let opener = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("opener"); let arguments; { (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); }} More information about these indices Select date: 2022 2021 Mid-Year 2021 2020 Mid-Year 2020 2019 Mid-Year 2019 2018 Mid-Year 2018 2017 Mid-Year 2017 2016 Mid-Year 2016 2015 Mid-Year 2015 2014 Mid-Year 2014 2013 2012 Select Region: Africa America Asia Europe Oceania Select display column: Crime Index Safety Index Search: RankCityCrime Index 1 Caracas, Venezuela 84.27 2 Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea 82.16 3 Pretoria, South Africa 82.02 4 Johannesburg, South Africa 80.73 5 San Pedro Sula, Honduras 80.69 6 Durban, South Africa 80.60 7 Fortaleza, Brazil 78.21 8 Kabul, Afghanistan 78.13 9 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 77.57 10 Recife, Brazil 76.39 11 Port of Spain, Trinidad And Tobago 76.14 12 Salvador, Brazil 76.04 13 Baltimore, MD, United States 75.04 14 Detroit, MI, United States 74.81 15 Rosario, Argentina 74.47 16 Memphis, TN, United States 73.85 17 Porto Alegre, Brazil 73.56 18 Cape Town, South Africa 73.40 19 Bloemfontein, South Africa 73.03 20 San Salvador, El Salvador 71.87 21 Tijuana, Mexico 71.16 22 Bradford, United Kingdom 70.76 23 Albuquerque, NM, United States 70.66 24 Saint Louis, MO, United States 70.56 25 Kingston, Jamaica 70.33 26 Sao Paulo, Brazil 70.20 27 Lima, Peru 70.17 28 Coventry, United Kingdom 69.45 29 Guayaquil, Ecuador 69.33 30 Mexico City, Mexico 69.07 31 Meerut, India 68.89 32 San Juan, Puerto Rico 68.84 33 Windhoek, Namibia 68.63 34 Cali, Colombia 68.57 35 Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic 68.07 36 Damascus, Syria 67.95 37 Luanda, Angola 67.20 38 Milwaukee, WI, United States 66.94 39 Campinas, Brazil 66.50 40 Chicago, IL, United States 65.95 41 Lagos, Nigeria 65.94 42 New Orleans, LA, United States 65.64 43 Oakland, CA, United States 65.57 44 Goiania, Brazil 65.26 45 Almaty, Kazakhstan 65.24 46 Bogota, Colombia 64.90 47 Klang, Malaysia 64.52 48 Manila, Philippines 64.39 49 Surrey, Canada 64.34 50 Dhaka, Bangladesh 64.07 51 Cleveland, OH, United States 64.06 52 Male, Maldives 63.94 53 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 63.85 54 Belo Horizonte, Brazil 63.77 55 Houston, TX, United States 63.77 56 Lethbridge, AB, Canada 63.64 57 Rochester, NY, United States 63.44 58 Gosford, Australia 63.36 59 Buenos Aires, Argentina 63.07 60 Atlanta, GA, United States 63.02 61 Guatemala City, Guatemala 62.46 62 Philadelphia, PA, United States 62.38 63 Puebla, Mexico 62.36 64 Curitiba, Brazil 62.29 65 Tripoli, Libya 62.22 66 Guadalajara, Mexico 61.77 67 Red Deer, Canada 61.75 68 Marseille, France 61.65 69 Birmingham, United Kingdom 61.53 70 Anchorage, AK, United States 61.20 71 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania 60.80 72 Cairns, Australia 60.74 73 Quito, Ecuador 60.72 74 Harare, Zimbabwe 60.67 75 Quezon City, Philippines 60.66 76 Ghaziabad, India 60.66 77 Baghdad, Iraq 60.48 78 Catania, Italy 60.36 79 Brasilia, Brazil 60.23 80 Nantes, France 60.06 81 North Bay, Canada 59.99 82 Minsk, Belarus 59.85 83 Sudbury, Canada 59.48 84 Delhi, India 59.31 85 Nairobi, Kenya 58.94 86 Nice, France 58.85 87 Washington, DC, United States 58.71 88 Sault Ste. Marie, Canada 58.60 89 San Francisco, CA, United States 58.59 90 Naples, Italy 58.52 91 Darwin, Australia 58.41 92 Kelowna, Canada 58.26 93 Noida, India 57.97 94 Winnipeg, Canada 57.82 95 Kansas City, MO, United States 57.74 96 Santiago, Chile 57.64 97 Indianapolis, IN, United States 57.58 98 Malmo, Sweden 56.75 99 Manchester, United Kingdom 56.03 100 Johor Bahru, Malaysia 55.96 101 Athens, Greece 55.89 102 Louisville, KY, United States 55.77 103 Gurgaon, India 55.73 104 Jacksonville, FL, United States 55.64 105 Oshawa, Canada 55.64 106 Casablanca, Morocco 55.59 107 Petaling Jaya, Malaysia 55.53 108 San Jose, Costa Rica 55.37 109 Bangalore, India 55.18 110 Las Vegas, NV, United States 55.12 111 Brampton, Canada 55.01 112 Paris, France 54.96 113 Tehran, Iran 54.86 114 Algiers, Algeria 54.82 115 Minneapolis, MN, United States 54.78 116 Spokane, WA, United States 54.78 117 Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia 54.54 118 Cambridge, Canada 54.41 119 Montevideo, Uruguay 54.38 120 Gaborone, Botswana 54.32 121 Hamilton, Canada 54.16 122 Cancun, Mexico 53.87 123 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam 53.84 124 Thessaloniki, Greece 53.75 125 London, Canada 53.68 126 Odessa (Odesa), Ukraine 53.55 127 Jakarta, Indonesia 53.50 128 Karachi, Pakistan 53.41 129 Montpellier, France 53.34 130 Regina, Canada 53.33 131 London, United Kingdom 53.25 132 Rome, Italy 53.15 133 Drogheda, Ireland 53.05 134 Grenoble, France 52.98 135 Phnom Penh, Cambodia 52.97 136 Ufa, Russia 52.94 137 Lille, France 52.88 138 Miami, FL, United States 52.81 139 Amadora, Portugal 52.74 140 Bilbao, Spain 52.55 141 Rostov-na-donu, Russia 52.52 142 Liege, Belgium 52.38 143 Bari, Italy 52.28 144 Mysore, India 52.02 145 Medellin, Colombia 51.99 146 Wollongong, Australia 51.89 147 San Miguel de Allende, Mexico 51.81 148 Florianopolis, Brazil 51.79 149 Rennes, France 51.73 150 Cebu, Philippines 51.73 151 Phoenix, AZ, United States 51.73 152 Brussels, Belgium 51.73 153 Dublin, Ireland 51.70 154 Portland, OR, United States 51.48 155 Dnipro, Ukraine 51.44 156 Orlando, FL, United States 51.41 157 Nottingham, United Kingdom 50.78 158 Kamloops, Canada 50.53 159 Seattle, WA, United States 50.46 160 Dallas, TX, United States 50.29 161 Tucson, AZ, United States 50.19 162 Geelong, Australia 50.08 163 Guanajuato, Mexico 50.06 164 Liepaja, Latvia 49.96 165 Turin, Italy 49.87 166 Cairo, Egypt 49.78 167 Los Angeles, CA, United States 49.75 168 Lyon, France 49.72 169 Lucknow (Lakhnau), India 49.13 170 Rawalpindi, Pakistan 49.11 171 Asuncion, Paraguay 48.99 172 Saskatoon, Canada 48.89 173 San Antonio, TX, United States 48.83 174 Cincinnati, OH, United States 48.76 175 Bali, Indonesia 48.64 176 Sacramento, CA, United States 48.58 177 Kharkiv, Ukraine 48.54 178 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 48.41 179 Podgorica, Montenegro 48.40 180 Indore, India 48.37 181 Barcelona, Spain 48.10 182 Vitoria, Brazil 48.00 183 Craiova, Romania 47.93 184 Gothenburg, Sweden 47.91 185 Tampa, FL, United States 47.87 186 Tunis, Tunisia 47.80 187 Toulouse, France 47.80 188 Nanaimo, BC, Canada 47.75 189 Istanbul, Turkey 47.54 190 Panama City, Panama 47.47 191 Monterrey, Mexico 47.44 192 Novosibirsk, Russia 47.30 193 Yekaterinburg, Russia 47.25 194 Pattaya, Thailand 47.20 195 Skopje, North Macedonia 47.08 196 Liverpool, United Kingdom 47.07 197 New York, NY, United States 47.07 198 Bordeaux, France 47.06 199 Newcastle, Australia 47.03 200 St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada 46.94 201 Beirut, Lebanon 46.87 202 St.Catharines, Canada 46.79 203 Kuching, Malaysia 46.76 204 Kolkata, India 46.55 205 Richmond, VA, United States 46.50 206 Ajax, ON, Canada 46.22 207 Accra, Ghana 46.08 208 Stockholm, Sweden 46.08 209 Nashville, TN, United States 46.05 210 Honolulu, HI, United States 45.98 211 Omaha, NE, United States 45.84 212 Bologna, Italy 45.77 213 Moncton, Canada 45.61 214 Peterborough, United Kingdom 45.59 215 Auckland, New Zealand 45.59 216 San Jose, CA, United States 45.58 217 Hamilton, New Zealand 45.56 218 Kiev (Kyiv), Ukraine 45.45 219 Glasgow, United Kingdom 45.33 220 Charlotte, NC, United States 45.30 221 Mumbai, India 45.18 222 Palermo, Italy 45.06 223 Denver, CO, United States 45.01 224 Chisinau, Moldova 44.80 225 Milan, Italy 44.56 226 Buffalo, NY, United States 44.50 227 Sarajevo, Bosnia And Herzegovina 44.49 228 Chandigarh, India 44.38 229 Frankfurt, Germany 44.35 230 Kristiansand, Norway 44.06 231 Melbourne, Australia 44.06 232 Belfast, United Kingdom 44.02 233 Sheffield, United Kingdom 44.01 234 Hyderabad, India 43.96 235 Tirana, Albania 43.90 236 Leeds, United Kingdom 43.71 237 Columbus, OH, United States 43.42 238 Edmonton, Canada 43.41 239 Gold Coast, Australia 43.28 240 Cologne, Germany 43.16 241 Windsor, Canada 42.92 242 Vaughan, Canada 42.88 243 Mississauga, Canada 42.65 244 Sofia, Bulgaria 42.52 245 Hamburg, Germany 42.47 246 Lodz, Poland 42.05 247 Berlin, Germany 42.05 248 Perth, Australia 41.93 249 Iloilo, Philippines 41.69 250 Genoa, Italy 41.60 251 Pune, India 41.58 252 Bangkok, Thailand 41.50 253 Hanover, Germany 41.47 254 Burnaby, Canada 41.39 255 Cuenca, Ecuador 41.33 256 Kochi, India 41.20 257 Toronto, Canada 41.14 258 Uppsala, Sweden 41.12 259 Bremen, Germany 40.96 260 Novi Sad, Serbia 40.94 261 Halifax, Canada 40.76 262 Leipzig, Germany 40.66 263 Chennai, India 40.57 264 Bristol, United Kingdom 40.54 265 Colombo, Sri Lanka 40.41 266 Brooklyn, NY, United States 40.35 267 Bonn, Germany 40.04 268 Coimbatore, India 39.96 269 Christchurch, New Zealand 39.88 270 Ankara, Turkey 39.74 271 Thiruvananthapuram, India 39.67 272 Lviv, Ukraine 39.59 273 Limerick, Ireland 39.47 274 Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom 39.30 275 Saint Petersburg, Russia 39.12 276 Pittsburgh, PA, United States 39.09 277 Kitchener, Canada 39.09 278 Riverside, CA, United States 38.97 279 Katowice, Poland 38.95 280 Florence, Italy 38.84 281 Makati, Philippines 38.80 282 Lahore, Pakistan 38.74 283 Alexandria, Egypt 38.74 284 Karlsruhe, Germany 38.41 285 Hanoi, Vietnam 38.14 286 Belgrade, Serbia 38.09 287 Amman, Jordan 38.01 288 Kaunas, Lithuania 37.99 289 Riga, Latvia 37.78 290 Baguio, Philippines 37.76 291 Moscow, Russia 37.67 292 Visakhapatnam, India 37.43 293 Cardiff, United Kingdom 37.40 294 Nagpur, India 37.26 295 Vancouver, Canada 37.16 296 Guangzhou, China 37.14 297 Varna, Bulgaria 37.11 298 Austin, TX, United States 37.06 299 Constanta, Romania 36.97 300 Cagliari, Italy 36.92 301 Kathmandu, Nepal 36.92 302 Boston, MA, United States 36.91 303 Klaipeda, Lithuania 36.85 304 Penang, Malaysia 36.77 305 Brighton, United Kingdom 36.75 306 San Diego, CA, United States 36.71 307 Rabat, Morocco 36.68 308 Victoria, Canada 36.67 309 Antwerp, Belgium 36.43 310 Rotterdam, Netherlands 36.41 311 Cork, Ireland 36.27 312 Jerusalem, Israel 36.24 313 Oulu, Finland 36.22 314 Queretaro, Mexico 36.14 315 Boise, ID, United States 36.08 316 Barrie, Canada 35.87 317 Jaipur, India 35.65 318 Calgary, Canada 35.65 319 Aberdeen, United Kingdom 35.52 320 Porto, Portugal 35.44 321 Budapest, Hungary 35.40 322 Surat, India 35.21 323 Puerto Vallarta, Mexico 35.00 324 Split, Croatia 34.88 325 Brisbane, Australia 34.81 326 Navi Mumbai, India 34.64 327 Raleigh, NC, United States 34.47 328 Oslo, Norway 34.38 329 Shanghai, China 34.32 330 Banja Luka, Bosnia And Herzegovina 34.12 331 Madison, WI, United States 34.00 332 Tashkent, Uzbekistan 33.97 333 Aguascalientes, Mexico 33.75 334 Sydney, Australia 33.66 335 Amsterdam, Netherlands 33.63 336 Lund, Sweden 33.62 337 Dusseldorf, Germany 33.44 338 Beijing, China 33.36 339 Guelph, Canada 33.28 340 Astana (Nur-Sultan), Kazakhstan 33.19 341 El Paso, TX, United States 33.08 342 Vadodara, India 33.04 343 Shenzhen, China 33.03 344 Hobart, Australia 32.86 345 Nuremberg, Germany 32.75 346 Salt Lake City, UT, United States 32.71 347 Nicosia, Cyprus 32.66 348 Limassol, Cyprus 32.63 349 Ahmedabad, India 32.57 350 Gdansk, Poland 32.05 351 Kingston, Canada 31.80 352 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia 31.70 353 Osaka, Japan 31.66 354 Havana, Cuba 31.33 355 Palma de Mallorca, Spain 31.08 356 Incheon, South Korea 30.92 357 Baku, Azerbaijan 30.86 358 Kuwait City, Kuwait 30.80 359 Stuttgart, Germany 30.53 360 Seville (Sevilla), Spain 30.42 361 Montreal, Canada 30.36 362 Bratislava, Slovakia 30.29 363 Ad Dammam, Saudi Arabia 30.27 364 Dresden, Germany 30.23 365 Cambridge, United Kingdom 30.18 366 Edinburgh, United Kingdom 30.04 367 Izmir, Turkey 30.04 368 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany 29.90 369 Luxembourg, Luxembourg 29.72 370 Madrid, Spain 29.71 371 Iasi, Romania 29.49 372 Burlington, Canada 29.34 373 Adelaide, Australia 29.29 374 Wellington, New Zealand 29.28 375 Islamabad, Pakistan 29.27 376 Galway, Ireland 29.07 377 Jeddah (Jiddah), Saudi Arabia 28.99 378 Lisbon, Portugal 28.88 379 Wroclaw, Poland 28.11 380 Bursa, Turkey 28.10 381 Bucharest, Romania 27.94 382 Bergen, Norway 27.86 383 Davao, Philippines 27.78 384 Waterloo, Canada 27.77 385 Singapore, Singapore 27.64 386 Krakow (Cracow), Poland 27.58 387 Poznan, Poland 27.49 388 Haifa, Israel 27.46 389 Alicante, Spain 27.40 390 Vilnius, Lithuania 27.33 391 Copenhagen, Denmark 27.33 392 Malaga, Spain 27.26 393 Oakville, Canada 26.93 394 Utrecht, Netherlands 26.64 395 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 26.49 396 Vienna, Austria 26.47 397 Ottawa, Canada 26.41 398 Lausanne, Switzerland 26.34 399 Brno, Czech Republic 26.30 400 Antalya, Turkey 26.22 401 Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel 26.19 402 Geneva, Switzerland 26.16 403 Warsaw, Poland 26.16 404 Richmond Hill, Canada 25.87 405 Seoul, South Korea 25.77 406 Amarillo, TX, United States 25.57 407 Helsinki, Finland 25.49 408 Brasov, Romania 25.43 409 The Hague (Den Haag), Netherlands 25.36 410 Mangalore, India 25.31 411 Gent, Belgium 25.26 412 Merida, Mexico 25.11 413 Valencia, Spain 25.09 414 Markham, Canada 25.09 415 Tbilisi, Georgia 25.07 416 Graz, Austria 25.00 417 Trieste, Italy 24.71 418 Aalborg, Denmark 24.48 419 Kigali, Rwanda 24.35 420 Eindhoven, Netherlands 24.29 421 Prague, Czech Republic 24.17 422 Stavanger, Norway 23.83 423 Tokyo, Japan 23.59 424 Rijeka, Croatia 23.52 425 Coquitlam, Canada 23.41 426 Chiang Mai, Thailand 23.31 427 Timisoara, Romania 23.17 428 Tallinn, Estonia 22.89 429 Canberra, Australia 22.47 430 Tampere, Finland 22.12 431 Yerevan, Armenia 22.01 432 Hong Kong, Hong Kong 21.92 433 Reykjavik, Iceland 21.76 434 Cluj-Napoca, Romania 21.75 435 Tartu, Estonia 21.70 436 Ljubljana, Slovenia 21.45 437 Irvine, CA, United States 21.44 438 Zagreb, Croatia 21.39 439 North Vancouver, Canada 21.35 440 Manama, Bahrain 21.08 441 Arhus, Denmark 21.03 442 Muscat, Oman 20.91 443 Groningen, Netherlands 20.64 444 Yakutsk, Russia 20.59 445 Basel, Switzerland 20.48 446 Trondheim, Norway 20.16 447 Mecca, Saudi Arabia 19.23 448 Bern, Switzerland 18.34 449 Lugano, Switzerland 17.55 450 Munich, Germany 17.51 451 Zurich, Switzerland 16.78 452 Dubai, United Arab Emirates 16.30 453 Funchal, Portugal 15.39 454 Quebec City, Canada 15.22 455 Taipei, Taiwan 14.32 456 Sharjah, United Arab Emirates 14.17 457 San Sebastian, Spain 13.97 458 Doha, Qatar 13.83 459 Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates 11.86 Showing 1 to 459 of 459 entries var _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____ = function(name) {return (self._wb_wombat && self._wb_wombat.local_init && self._wb_wombat.local_init(name)) || self[name]; }; if (!self.__WB_pmw) { self.__WB_pmw = function(obj) { this.__WB_source = obj; return this; } } { let window = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("window"); let self = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("self"); let document = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("document"); let location = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("location"); let top = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("top"); let parent = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("parent"); let frames = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("frames"); let opener = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("opener"); let arguments; { whenDocReady(function() { var t_t2 = $('#t2').DataTable({ 'columnDefs': [ { 'searchable': false, 'orderable': false, 'targets': 0 } ], 'paging': false, 'order': [[ 2, "desc" ]] , }); t_t2.on( 'order.dt search.dt', function () { t_t2.column(0, {search:'applied', order:'applied'}).nodes().each( function (cell, i) { cell.innerHTML = i+1; } ); } ).draw(); }); }} var _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____ = function(name) {return (self._wb_wombat && self._wb_wombat.local_init && self._wb_wombat.local_init(name)) || self[name]; }; if (!self.__WB_pmw) { self.__WB_pmw = function(obj) { this.__WB_source = obj; return this; } } { let window = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("window"); let self = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("self"); let document = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("document"); let location = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("location"); let top = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("top"); let parent = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("parent"); let frames = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("frames"); let opener = _____WB$wombat$assign$function_____("opener"); let arguments; { google.load("visualization", "1", {packages:["corechart"]}); google.setOnLoadCallback(rankings_curr); function rankings_curr() { var data = google.visualization.arrayToDataTable([ ['City', 'Crime Index', { role: 'style' }], ['San Jose, CA, United States', 45.58, 'color: #4D89F9'], ['Sydney, Australia', 33.66, 'color: #4D89F9'], ['New York, NY, United States', 47.07, 'color: #4D89F9'], ['Prague, Czech Republic', 24.17, 'color: #4D89F9'], ['London, United Kingdom', 53.25, 'color: #4D89F9'] ]); var options = { title: 'Crime Index 2022', backgroundColor: 'transparent', legend : { textStyle: { color : '#f1FDFE'}}, fontName: 'sans-serif' , titleTextStyle: { fontSize: 14} , chartArea: {left:30,top:35, right:10, bottom:50, width:'96%', height:'60%' }, vAxis: { minValue:0 } }; var chart = new google.visualization.ColumnChart(document.getElementById('rankings_curr_div')); chart.draw(data, options); } }} Crime Index 2022San Jose, CA, UnitedStatesSydney, AustraliaNew York, NY, UnitedStatesPrague, Czech RepublicLondon, United Kingdom0100CityCrime IndexSan Jose, CA, United States45.58Sydney, Australia33.66New York, NY, United States47.07Prague, Czech Republic24.17London, United Kingdom53.25Crime Index 2022 Other rankings by Numbeo: Quality of Life Index 2022 Cost of Living Index 2022 Health Care Index 2022 Pollution Index 2022 Property Prices Index 2022 Traffic Index 2022 This page in other languages: DeutschKriminalitäts-Index 2022 PortuguêsIndicador de Crime 2022 ItalianoIndice della Criminalità 2022 FrançaisIndice de Criminalité 2022 EspañolÍndice de Criminalidad 2022 About Press Newsletter API Copyright © 2009-2022 Numbeo. Your use of this service is subject to our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy Cost Of Living Cost Of Living Cost of Living Comparison Cost of Living Calculator Cost Of Living Index (Current) Cost Of Living Index Cost Of Living Index By Country Cost of Living Estimator Food Prices Prices By City Prices By Country Historical Data Analysis Basket of Goods and Services Taxi Fare Calculator Gas Prices Calculator Our Motivation and Methodology Update Data for Your City Property Prices Property Prices Property Prices Comparison Property Price Index (Current) Property Price Index Property Price Index By Country Quality of Life Quality of Life Quality of Life Comparisons Quality of Life Index (Current) Quality of Life Index Quality of Life Index by Country Crime Crime Index (Current) Crime Index Crime Index by Country Health Care Health Care Index (Current) Health Care Index Health Care Index by Country Pollution Pollution Index (Current) Pollution Index Pollution Index by Country Traffic Traffic Index (Current) Traffic Index Traffic Index by Country Premium Commercial License Insights API Jobs Remote Jobs Jobs with Relocation Post Jobs

The advantage of ocean currents is their stability. They flow with little fluctuation in speed and direction, giving them a capacity factor — a measure of how often the system is generating — of 50-70%, compared with around 29% for onshore wind and 15% for solar.

Japan’s New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) estimates the Kuroshio Current could potentially generate as much as 200 gigawatts — about 60% of Japan’s present generating capacity.

Chinese scientists call for plan to destroy Elon Musk's Starlink satellites

humans go from being a destructive force to a restorative force at a planetary level.

have no or very low energy and transportation bills.

new way of being

In Latin, the word sapiens means “wise.”

Recognizing that the CEC hyperthreat operates at micro and macro scales across most forms of human activity and that a whole-of-society approach is required to combat it, the approach to the CEC hyperthreat partly relies on a philosophical pivot. The idea here is that a powerful understanding of the CEC hyperthreat (how it feels, moves, and operates), as well as the larger philosophical and survival-based reasons for hyper-reconfiguration, enables all actors and groups to design their own bespoke solutions. Consequently, the narrative and threat description act as a type of orchestration tool across many agencies. This is like the “shared consciousness” idea in retired U.S. Army general Stanley A. McChrystal’s “team of teams” approach to complexity.7       Such an approach is heavily dependent on exceptional communication of both the CEC hyperthreat and hyper-response pathways, as well as providing an enabling environment in terms of capacity to make decisions, access information and resources. This idea informs Operation Visibility and Knowability (OP VAK), which will be described later.  

An Introduction to PLAN E Grand Strategy for the Twenty-First-Century Era of Entangled Security and Hyperthreats

The HRF design intends to operationalize entangled security (figure 8). It provides orchestration logic at ecoregional, nation-state, and local levels and is expected to vary  according to context. It comprises four main task groups: HRF support; planetary security; human security; and state security.

OP VAK is a concerted effort to make the hyperthreat visible and knowable across the broad spectrum of society. This has practical, educational aspects, including increasing CEC literacy and improving ecoproduct and services labeling. It also links to the integration of CEC into the remit of mainstream intelligence agencies. To address sensory and affective knowing, as well as the deep framing and meaning-making dimension of hyperthreat “knowing,” it will partner with the communications, arts, and humanities sectors in line with the “60,000 artists” concept.24 It will also harness the potential of virtual reality technologies, which have already proven effective in CEC communication.25 Finally, it will involve fast-tracking relevant research and improved mechanisms for conveying and sharing research and knowledge.

The aim of OP NewNet is to build a new material security system for humans that is ecologically viable and just. The hyperthreat at present has humanity entangled in a type of enormous material security net on which it has become dependent for energy, shelter, transport, food and even water. Accordingly, OP NewNet aims to build a new ecologically viable form of material security and assist humanity unravel from the old net and transition onto the new net. A critical requirement is to hold humanity and creatures safely throughout the process, to ensure that the new net is in place before they are asked to jump, and to hold their hands firmly as they make the jump. This will require a type of leadership that accepts vulnerability and is able to provide strength and care to people while they are in this phase. The strong members of human society must step up. This will involve raising new workforce capabilities, to include transition teams and ecocoaches.  

One example of a siloed approach to critical infrastructure is the European Programme for Critical Infrastructure Protection’s framework and action plan, which focuses on reducing vulnerability to terror attacks but does not consider integrating climate or environmental dimensions.39       Instead of approaching critical infrastructure protection as another systems maintenance task, the hyper-response takes advantage of ecoinnovation.40 Distributed and localized energy, food, water, and manufacturing solutions mean that the capacity to disrupt the arterials that keep society functioning is reduced. As an example, many citizens and communities rely on one centralized water supply. If these citizens and communities had water tanks and smaller-scale local water supply, this means that if a terror group or other malevolent actor decided to contaminate major national water supplies—or if the hyperthreat itself damaged major central systems—far fewer people would be at risk, and the overall disruption would be less significant. This offers a “security from the ground up” approach, and it applies to other dimensions such as health, food, and energy security.

The third example involves local manufacture and supply. The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has highlighted the risks associated with reliance on long globalized supply chains, which are energy- and resource-intensive and therefore help power the hyperthreat. Increasing local manufacturing and supply capacities helps deflate the hyperthreat and reduces risks associated with stockouts of critical items. Circular economies, which incorporate closed-loop manufacturing and recycling systems, can now be viewed as critical to achieving planetary security.

This is the vision of OP Sapiens Star—that human’s evolution is not finished, and that the hyperthreat provides the impetus for a quantum leap into a new way of being. Through achieving a galactically significant mission—saving Earth’s ecological integrity—the Homo sapiens species “stars” within the universe. Humans go from being a menace and fighting one another to being heroic, creative, and tolerant.    

The hyperthreat can be outmaneuvered by humans reconfiguring their activities in two ways: security by design and security by dispersal. National security in the Anthropocene is increasingly achieved by designing systems and settlements so that enhanced security is incorporated from the start. For example, it can be imagined that each time a person refuels a car with petrol, this action empowers the hyperthreat. This leads to global warming, which creates ocean acidification and in turn reduced fish stocks, while also creating pressures for resource wars, thereby influencing whether a soldier or civilian dies and how much taxpayer resources are required for material security missions. In contrast, zero-emission transportation technologies can “design out” the slow violence and threats associated with a fossil-fuel-intensive lifestyle. This is similar for plastic use, in which case the “threat” is embodied in the high polluting design of consumable products and lifestyle activities. Likewise, other health threats and longer-term costs are embodied in hidden toxins or sugars in food products. Accordingly, peace, health, and a different form of national prosperity can be created through design, which requires a longer-term and mesh-intervention viewpoint. OP VAK has a role to play in achieving security and safety by design by linking apparently benign activities with their devastating impacts.    

However, deep framing analysis directs that a frame or narrative is not static, but rather holds that to remain truthful, the frame or narrative necessarily evolves in an intra-active way with other “matter.

Accordingly, to allow for a peaceful solution, payment in the form of reparations or a substantial commitment to support the global hyper-response burden on the part of the Western world may hasten a geopolitical shift toward an era of cooperation around the shared threat.

a society-wide hyperconversation. This hyperconversation operationalizes continuous discourse, including its differentiation and emergent framing aspects. It aims to assist people in developing their own ways of framing and conceiving the problem that makes sense given their social, cultural, and environmental contexts. As depicted in table 1, the hyperconversation also reflects a slower, more deliberate approach to discourse; this acknowledges damaged democratic processes and fractured societal social cohesion. Its optimal design would require input from other relevant disciplines and expertise,

A guiding principle will be to make the hyper-response as not only fun and enjoyable as possible but also meaningful via a vibrant grand narrative approach that connects the mission to conceptions of identity, values, and evolving worldviews.

As trades skills are identified as a critical capability for OP NewNet and other parts of PLAN E, they require drastic expansion. Historically, tradespeople have not often been included in climate or security policy formulation. However, because of the criticality of tradespeople to the mission and issues of fairness, the hyper-response will integrate more tradespeople into PLAN E leadership and planning roles

Here, in PLAN E, the concept of entangled security translates this idea into meaning that humanity itself can make a great sudden leap.

Similar to the way in which oil field executives were invited to Washington, DC, to help the United States mobilize during World War II, the hyper-response will adopt a similar approach to the task of building a new material security net. Leaders in the areas of renewable energy, zero emissions and ecological design, resource eagles, defense, and other relevant research and development fields, as well as tradespeople, will be invited to plan and deliver one of the largest engineering and human training and employment feats in world history. OP NewNet will jump-start humanity’s fight back against the hyperthreat.

There are presently nearly 90 million forcibly displaced people around the world. Potentially, at least 18 million of these people may be available and eager to work.19 Current displaced people and prospective future climate refugees could be given the option to work for the hyper-response for a period of up to five years, which would not only provide them with skills and vocational training but also allow them to earn Earth citizenship. Nation states could be requested to incorporate new Earth citizens into their immigration policies, with special arrangements established for them to settle throughout the world and perhaps continue their CEC hyper-response work as part of nation-state responses. Large training institutions could be established in countries already absorbing large numbers of refugees—such as Turkey, Colombia, Uganda, Pakistan, or Jordon—in ways that benefit the host nation.

Ecomultilateralism is the idea that instead of being aligned around human-designed political boundaries, multilateralism could align with ecological or climate boundaries. At a practical level, this would facilitate the care of ecosystems and disaster response.

What prospects are there to reconfigure great powers’ approach to geopolitical security in a way that aids containment of the hyperthreat? Possible angles include:

Given wide-ranging concerns about globalization, the performance of international organizations, and perceptions that the so-called “liberal rules-based order” holds lingering colonial power dimensions, an overarching conclusion is that the post-World War II global architecture, designed before the advent of CEC or the internet, is outdated and ripe for redesign.16 A new neutral rules-based order could be established, one that is based on ecological survival and safe Earth requirements. Akin to the 2015 Paris Agreement, this might be acceptable to all nations because all are threatened by the CEC hyperthreat. It is an approach that builds on environmental peacekeeping rationale.

Operation Sapiens Star, explained below, which focuses on humans as a species with common interests and an inevitably shared future. This may help overcome other national, cultural, social, gender, religious, or ethnic divides.

A global ceasefire could be declared for between 2022 and 2030 to enable all nations to undertake an emergency hyper-response.

A creative state refers to the idea that a nation state can transform in an intra-active way in response to new demands presented by the hyperthreat. The creative state can emerge as a far more powerful but just and agile entity, with increased agency to protect its people and natural systems. For democratic nations, the creative state also refers to democratic repair, which includes devolution of greater decision-making, analysis, and resources to local levels.

Duluth model, comes from research on domestic abuse

A bottom-up approach involves aiming for maximum participation at a society-wide level. While this relates to achieving “mass and speed” of response, it also connects to psychological and philosophical research on the need for belonging and agency. One way a bottom-up approach can achieve maximum participation is through asking individuals, “How do you help us win?” or “How do you help us reach our destination of safe Earth?” This differs from most employment circumstances that issue top-down-directed work. It is anticipated that surprising answers will emerge, which allows people to align their aptitude and best skills to the mission. Two examples follow: Retired elite athletes have skills in goal setting, visualizing success, and motivating action. They could be employed as ecocoaches, supporting teams that are working on difficult transition tasks or leading health and fitness programs for the community. An elderly woman loves exploring thrift shops. She might contribute in circular economy and local recycling programs.

Second, acknowledging increased affective insecurity and that heightened vulnerability and fear will be a factor, great efforts must be made to bolster the care, support and protection provided to people.      

The three key enablers of the hyperthreat—its invisibility, its ability to evade all existing human threat-response mechanisms, and human hesitancy—will be targeted with three corresponding lines of effort, which will be pursued across multiple task groups:10 Make the hyperthreat visible and knowable; Reduce hyperthreat freedom of action; and Achieve mass and speed of response.

“harm-to-help”

The hyper-response aims to deflate or attack the hyperthreat by operating at the microlevel through “mesh-interventions” as well as at the macrolevel through realignment of great nation states and tribes.

A stretch target set for the second half of the twenty-first century is for it to be a time in which humanity has gained knowledge, experience, and confidence in dealing with an entangled security environment and coexisting with the hyperthreat. The collective global effort and learning during phases 1–4 will have allowed ingenious solutions for interdependence to emerge. It will be a time of flourishing invention and inspiration.

Attributes such as hope, heroism, humor, humanity, hospitality, and honor will be critical.

For four years, an accelerated and intensive global effort will be made to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and restore ecological stability. It will be “fast and furious” because it will involve startup action as well as implementation. It is focused on the remaining “low-hanging fruit” for fastest global reductions

In 2022, the focus is exploring and envisioning the hyper-response and embarking on this mission. It will involve engaging and energizing people, analysis, planning, and some early actions. The “E” in PLAN E stands for “Earth,” “everyone,” “everything,” and “everywhere.”

It is anticipated that this period will address the harder aspects of global transition, in terms of technology, infrastructure, and social behavior change. As initial enthusiasm may have waned, a stoic approach will be required, refreshing the workforce and dealing with more dangerous hyperthreat actions.

“low-hanging fruit”

Design of a hyper-response will be dependent on a comprehensive strategic planning process being enacted and ongoing discourse and revision. This strategic concept focuses on phase 1 and provides introductory ideas for phase 2.

Its success hinges on not only communication of the problem but also the capacity for humans to undertake synchronized action toward the same goal. Coordination, cooperation, teamwork, and leadership skills become significant to survival capacity.  

To explain further, a “humans-as-ants” strategy infuses PLAN E. Like an ant, a single human has little power or agency against the hyperthreat, but when humans amass and align their goals, they can achieve remarkable outcomes.

The hyper-response takes the viewpoint that, in the context of the enormous amount of work that needs to be done in a short period of time, Earth’s large human population is an asset if it can be effectively leveraged as part of the hyper-response

It orientates around making the threat visible and knowable, to an extent that this inspires automatic configuration and realignment across human tribes

This hyper-response is a six-phase operation that will extend until the year 2100. It is civilian-led and involves a whole-of-society layered mobilization.

Humanity’s COG is assessed as its deep frames, prevalent and dominant worldviews that influence governance decisions across the public and private sectors (figure 3). Simply put, CEC presents a new type of threat—a Frankenstein-like killing and destruction phenomenon—that humanity struggles to conceive or perceive.

“race for what’s left”

An analysis of “friendly forces” via a “tribal discourse” activity found that although many of humanity’s smaller and less powerful tribes are engaged in minor operations against the hyperthreat, its most powerful tribes often abet the hyperthreat (figure 2). If humanity’s tribes could be united against the hyperthreat, the current balance of probabilities, which currently lie with a hyperthreat victory and a Hothouse Earth outcome, could be recast.

To allow humanity to reach and maintain safe Earth, large-scale response to the hyperthreat must occur between 2022 and 2030.

This echoes ecophilosopher Timothy B. Morton’s fundamental conclusions: that humans have lost agency to the hyperobject.      

Capacity to arrest deteriorating global security is also in doubt, as evidenced by failed efforts in places like Syria, Afghanistan, Iraq, Honduras, South Sudan, or the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Overall, there is the possibility that humanity has lost control of its capacity to achieve security and safety.

the current global military buildup could represent a situation whereby many nations are entering, unconsciously or perhaps because there seems to be no other option, into a new type of mutually assured destruction (MAD) scenario, or even the Homo sapiens death spiral.

The global security environment has degraded. Worldwide, increased military spending reflects expectations of greater conflict during the decade between 2022 and 2030, including the prospect of major intrastate warfare.

The hyperthreat’s center of gravity (COG), the key characteristic that provides its power, is its freedom of movement, which is enabled by its hyperobject-like invisibility and unknowability and by human hesitancy to respond. Human activity that fuels the hyperthreat is often legal, has social license, and is understood as legitimate business or security activity; its contribution to slow violence is often obscured

Human security is degrading and involves a wide range of problems,

Generally, the hyperthreat plans to exploit fossil fuel resources and natural ecological systems at rates and scales that will see safe planetary boundaries exceeded.3 Its intention may be to move rapidly before humanity imposes defenses or outmaneuvers it via alternate technologies.      

The hyperthreat is a phenomenon that humanity has not encountered before. The nature of threat has changed, but so too has the nature of power. The hyperthreat is expected to become the major global shaping force of this century, forcing humanity to accept reduced agency and increasingly occupy a responsive stance.

climate and environment change (CEC) hyperthreat

hyperobject

Crop harvests for direct food use insufficient to meet the UN’s food security goal

Can you reach net zero by 2050?

    - 1; That each participant       wants to know/believe       that their fellow citizens       will be collectively using their influence       in ways that are ultimately       in their overall best interests.       - 2; That the X system       is robust enough       to enable true collective intelligence       (where 'X' a proxy for 'democratic',       'economic', 'governance', 'community',       'civilization', etc).       - 3; That the X system       is invulnerable to capture       from super-powerful individuals or groups.

The Civilization Design Document Index

what happens when you see one of these so-called pictures of the brain you've all seen these things they have red and blue and yellow and so on there's no red 00:01:21 and blue and yellow in the brain what happens is this if the pictures are not pictures of the brain they're pictures of gia the ratio of oxygenated to 00:01:35 deoxygenated blood in certain places and when neurons fire they need to be getting some oxygen back in there too so they can fire again and it turns out that they have different magnetic 00:01:49 properties if their oxygen if the blood is oxygenated or not and what you see actually is a bunch of pixels and each little pixel is actually 3 millimeters 00:02:03 by 3 millimeters by 3 millimeters 3 millimeters cubed and it goes over anywhere between one second and several seconds now if you ask how many neurons are in there the answer is about 125 00:02:17 million per pixel each neuron is connected to between a thousand and 10,000 other neurons so there are tens of billions of connections lots of circuitry in that one little 00:02:30 pixel and that picture doesn't show you what's going on in that circuitry very important you know we cannot see that we can say hey something is happening there

The top 10 percent of households have plenty of other potential for slashing emissions.

IPCC vice chair Ko Barrett, a top scientist at NOAA, explained the importance of tackling the question of what individuals can do in inspiring greater change. “I love the storyline about individuals, not because I’m being Pollyanna-ish that that can solve the problem.” But she thinks that, in looking at what people can do in their own lives and, more importantly, their communities, “we actually magnify the value of our individual actions to a scale that matters in cities and towns. That’s the scale that we can really engage because people can see the broader impact of collective action.” Take one example of how individual action can have broader network effects: The IPCC report looks at what happens when a neighbor installs a rooftop solar panel. Sure, it reduces that household’s footprint, but it also makes it more likely for others in the neighborhood to adopt solar energy too, because of how it nudges social norms and expectations. The house with solar panels also serves as something like a role model for a new way we could all live. Now think bigger than a solar panel: A person connects with others in their community to pass an ordinance that updates energy efficiency measures for the town’s buildings. That’s organized collective action. “Collective action as part of social or lifestyle movements underpins system change,” the report says. The scientists nod to the climate strikes that have given voice to youth in more than 180 countries, which help build social trust and citizen-led networks. These social movements have exploded as the first generation growing up with the harsher realities of climate change becomes a political force globally. Barrett recognizes that “more and more, the readers of the science reports are not just policymakers at the national level. There are very many well-informed citizens on climate science now. Bringing more information that is immediately useful to them is really powerful.”

The IPCC authors write that “judicious labelling, framing, and communication of social norms can also increase the effect of mandates, subsidies, or taxes.” Interventions that change the “choice architecture” so people have an easier time taking the cleaner option include: default enrollment in green programs, increasing taxes on carbon-intensive products, and substantially tightening regulations and standards.

But it turns out there isn’t such a hard-line distinction on where individual action ends, because even individual actions can have network effects. In between, there are schools, counties, cities, professions, and peer groups that can push for climate action. The IPCC calls these “middle actors.”

The top 10 percent is a broad category that includes more than the jet-fliers and yacht-owners. According to the IPCC, the top 10 percent includes households that spend more than $23 (in US dollars, compared using a metric called purchasing power parity) per person a day. The bottom 50 percent spend less than $3 per person per day.

So the bottom line of the IPCC’s first look at individual action is this: By reexamining the way we live, move around, and eat, the world has the potential to slash up to 70 percent of end-use emissions by 2050. Change is even possible in the very short term. And while hard data and peer-reviewed science show individual actions do matter, ultimately, the world has to think beyond the individual carbon footprint in addressing the climate crisis, including thinking about how individuals can bring about structural change.

Illustration above (by the author): Hybrid space-time as the new medium in which education evolves – autobiographical trajectories, dynamic networks across social spaces and phenomenologies merge into multidimensional constructs

in order to solve high-complexity problems, social actors require the skill to create hybrid spaces to accommodate their research, management, modes of interaction and policy development.

Beyond academic interests, the latter idea of responsible co-creation has severe economic consequences, in particular on a limited planetary scale where the ecological and social costs of production and consumption have reached their critical limits and cannot be outsourced, or passed on, anymore. The educational lesson states that solving global and regional problems, especially those created by single-minded interest groups, can only be addressed successfully by higher-qualified, multi-disciplinary  teams capable of managing the complexity of issues at hand.

Honoring the theorists mentioned before, we may call these new learning scaffolds Bronfenbrenner-Chalmers-Vygotsky (BCV) spaces: Virtual spaces transcend physical spaces by extending the perspectives of social actors. The purpose of these spaces is to widen their options for scientific investigation, social networking, negotiation and co-creation.

ach sphere of Bronfenbrenner’s Micro-, Meso-, Exo- and Macrosystems (Bronfenbrenner, 1979) calls for corresponding ‚digital scaffolding‘ in addition to face-to-face interactions. Analogous to Vygotsky’s concept of a Zone of Proximal Development, or ZPD (Vygotsky, 1980), each of Bronfenbrenner’s systems should support social actors with ample opportunities for navigating, developing, transforming, amending and reforming them and allowing for the creation of new spaces if necessary. Some examples of digital social spaces are e.g., learning

David Chalmer’s beautiful metaphor of the ‘Extended Mind’ (Chalmers, 1998). Chalmers promotes the idea that media, such as, e.g., smartphones, have already begun to function as an extension to our mind, allowing us to navigate and manage an increasingly complex world

socially-centered

Towards a social, rather than a technical perspective in media-supported education: The concept of hybrid space-time

russian oligarchs it has been estimated have taken 200 billion dollars out of russia you know looted money plundered 00:11:28 money but american oligarchs have taken 1 200 billion dollars out of the jurisdiction of the united states of america hiding it from the irs and they are not much nicer people than 00:11:41 the russian oligarchs i have to say they have not protested the massacres of yemenis in saudi arabia they have not protested the killing of journalists like kasoji in the saudi 00:11:54 arabian embassy or a consulate in constantinople in istanbul i should say they have not lifted their little finger to help us fund the green transition 00:12:08 why should we not you know extend our newly found antipathy towards oligarchs who have been defrauding and plundering our countries why not extend it to people beyond russia

what ukraine lacks is a summit 00:14:53 a summit between the american president and the russian president a summit involving you know the government of the united states and the government of russia this is what finland did what austria had the two 00:15:06 um blocks nato and the warsaw pact represented by the president of the soviet union or the general secretary of the communist party then and the american president or a series of american presidents they agreed they 00:15:18 shook hands that finland sweden austria would be left alone under conditions of neutrality to prosper democratically and to be part of the west without being part of nato now a similar arrangement 00:15:31 in my view has a very good chance of granting the ukrainians the space the independence and the democracy they need now

"We're in a major world-historical moment of transformation, in which the old world is passing away, and the new world hasn't emerged yet."

What history teaches us about how autocrats lose power — and how Putin might hang on.

Think about busyness as a tool of oppression: the urgency that keeps you from ascertaining the full truth, taking the time to determine which systems are most in need of dismantlement. I know, I’m a radical; this is our language. But from what I’ve seen, most people get into DWeb for reasons that are at root more political than technological: you want some kind of change, some kind of power to people (decentralization), some kind of accountability (blockchain) and some way to claim identity-centric control (crypto). Admitting that, it’s not too much more radical to double-check the theory of change: do our technologies really serve the goods they claim to? How, and how can we ensure they do?

And of course, even renewable infrastructure has an ecological cost (e.g. materials extraction) — so though decarbonization of our energy infrastructure is an important objective, any proposed solution that doesn’t attempt to decrease energy demand is underwhelming.

Environmental Data & Governance Initiative (EDGI), an organization that sprang up in the wake of the Trump administration in an effort to prevent a climate-denialist administration from reducing public access to critical government-held data about the environment. In the EDGI working group then called Archiving, we were looking at ways to back up datasets such that scientists would be able to use them as proof — implying a strong chain of provenance — even if the original source were to remove access.

Piconi says Energy Vault relies on gravity in the same way, but "instead of using water, we're using these composite blocks."

The steel tower is a giant mechanical energy storage system, designed by American-Swiss startup Energy Vault, that relies on gravity and 35-ton bricks to store and release energy.

Adolf Hitler was beaten mercilessly during his childhood by a father who was illegitimate and of Jewish descent, both of which, during those times, brought him constant and overbearing shame his entire life.

China’s Mao Zedong and Romanian dictator Nicolae Ceaucescu also had brutal childhoods, with consequences that, in Mao’s case killed 35 million people, and in Ceaucescu’s case, forced women to have unwanted children, Miller pointed out. We can add others: the members of Myanmar’s junta who have murdered millions, mostly Rohingya as well as other minority groups; the Chinese leadership that is imprisoning hundreds of thousands of Uyghurs in prison camps….the list goes on,  

Stalin was also brutalized by his father when he was a child, she pointed out. Stalin was an only child. Like Hitler he was the first child to survive after three siblings who had died in infancy. His irascible father was almost always drunk and laid into his son from an early age. Despite the fame and power he later achieved, Stalin suffered throughout his life from a persecution mania that drove him to order the killing of millions of innocent people. Just as the infant Stalin lived in fear of sudden death at the hands of his unpredictable father, so the adult Stalin lived in fear even of his closest associates. But now he had the power to fend off those fears by humiliating others

This was Hitler’s OWN PERSONAL BRAND OF MANIA. And it is traceable to the insecurity of his existence in his own family, the insecurity of a child constantly living under the threat of violence and humiliation. Later millions were to forfeit their lives so that this child – now a childless adult – could avenge himself by unconsciously projecting the grim scenario of his childhood onto the political stage.

what’s also evident is what he didn’t seem to get: appropriate attachment—the strong and requisite bond between a parent and a child that leads to a healthy life and without which children can die or be damaged.

that although evil exists, people aren’t born evil. How they live their lives depends on what happens after they’re born

The reality is that Ukraine didn’t attack Russia, had no plans to attack Russia, and why would it? Russia’s military is 10 times larger AND they have nuclear weapons. It’s clear that Putin has created his own reality about the situation, one that isn’t shared by people who operate in facts. Besides, his actions cannot be justified merely because he believes his reality. He’s a damaged person who needs to stop what he’s doing before he shatters the lives of millions more.

How Vladimir Putin’s childhood is affecting us all

EU officials on Tuesday outlined a plan to achieve energy independence from Moscow "well before 2030." The European Union would start by reducing demand for Russian natural gas by two thirds this year

i 00:05:49 will tell you i mean you've got eighty percent german approval right now for spending two percent of gdp on defense that's astonishing i mean the anger of the german people at what the russians 00:06:01 have done is so far beyond the imagination of where you could have been a couple weeks ago five months ago two years ago and i do think there's a greater willingness to take hardship

PUTIN DOES HAVE THE CAPACITY TO DRIVE THAT NARRATIVE EVEN IN THE CASE OF WHAT'S GOING TO BE A MUCH WORSE ECONOMIC COLLAPSE THAN WHEN ANYONE IN THE UNITED STATES HAS BEEN EXPERIENCING FOR A CENTURY.

Russia has said it may close its main gas pipeline to Germany if the West goes ahead with a ban on Russian oil.

Deputy Prime Minister Alexander Novak said a "rejection of Russian oil would lead to catastrophic consequences for the global market", causing prices to more than double to $300 a barrel.

Germany and the Netherlands

Imagine a Europe that ran on solar and wind power: whose cars ran on locally provided electricity, and whose homes were heated by electric air-source heat pumps. That Europe would not be funding Putin’s Russia, and it would be far less scared of Putin’s Russia—it could impose every kind of sanction, and keep them in place until the country buckled. Imagine an America where the cost of gas was not a political tripwire, because if people had to have a pickup to make them feel sufficiently manly, that pickup would run on electricity that came from the sun and wind. It would take an evil-er genius than Vladimir Putin to figure out how to embargo the sun.

it’s even less clear if the current war in Ukraine will speed up stalled federal climate policy. But the war might convince some consumers to retrofit their own homes.

Because of the invasion in Ukraine, “people are reminded of the problem, but then they resort to sort of quick fixes, which are not really for the long term,” says Rolf Wüestenhagen, director of the Institute for Economy and the Environment at the University of St. Gallen in Switzerland.

Mass protests against Russia’s aggression combined with existing political pressure to move more quickly on climate change might lead to new policies to do yet more.

At a global climate meeting Monday, Ukraine’s representative, Svitlana Krakovska, pointed out the connection: “Human-induced climate change and the war on Ukraine have the same roots—fossil fuels—and our dependence on them,”

Huge amounts of natural gas are needed to produce ammonia, the key ingredient in nitrogen fertiliser. Yara International relies on vast quantities of Russian gas for its European plants.

quarter of the key nutrients used in European food production come from Russia.

Russia also produces enormous amounts of nutrients, like potash and phosphate - key ingredients in fertilisers, which enable plants and crops to grow. "Half the world's population gets food as a result of fertilisers... and if that's removed from the field for some crops, [the yield] will drop by 50%," Mr Holsether said.

Actually asking people to do this would be something of a last resort, said Ben McWilliams, a climate and energy analyst at Bruegel.<img alt="These US cities tried to cut natural gas from new homes. Republicans and the gas lobby stepped in" class="media__image" src="//viahtml.hypothes.is/proxy/im_///cdn.cnn.com/cnnnext/dam/assets/220217094013-01-cities-fossil-fuel-emissions-large-169.jpg">These US cities tried to cut natural gas from new homes. Republicans and the gas lobby stepped in"But who knows? It's an unprecedented situation. I could imagine a kind of political campaign, a real push by European leaders saying, look, if you can help us by turning down 1 degree on your thermostat, it's going to help. And you can see people uniting behind this, against Russian gas," he told CNN. "But ultimately, you'll need much more than this in response."One approach would be to replace around half the gas from other sources, McWilliams said. The United States is already shipping Iiquefied natural gas (LNG) to Europe, and EU officials are also looking to countries like Azerbaijan and Qatar. The other half will need to come from cutting demand, McWilliams said, especially as Europe prepares for next winter.Heavy industries, like steelmaking and chemical production, will need to reduce their operations. Homeowners investing in solar panels and heat pumps could help take some pressure off heating systems.Tara Connolly, a campaigner with the international NGO Global Witness who specializes in gas, says that Europe must launch an emergency program to insulate homes, replace gas boilers with heat pumps and accelerate the transition to renewable energy."It is abundantly clear that Europe's gas dependence has provided Putin with the resources to engage in his bloody venture in Ukraine, whilst hampering Europe's response,"

We could see Kyiv in the same situation as Homs, as the same situation as Aleppo, which would be catastrophic, and, again, would plant terrible seeds of hatred for years and decades. So far, we've seen hundreds of people being killed, Ukrainian citizens being killed. 00:47:04 It could reach tens of thousands, hundreds of thousands. So in this sense, it's extremely painful to contemplate. And this is why we need again and again to urge the leaders to stop this war, and especially, again and again, tell Putin, "You will not be able to absorb Ukraine into Russia. 00:47:30 They don't want it, they don't want you. If you continue, the only thing you will achieve is to create terrible hatred between Ukrainians and Russians for generations. It doesn't have to be like that."

A few people are asking about the link to the climate crisis, particularly when it relates to the energy flows. Like, Europe is very dependent, part of Europe, is very dependent on Russian oil and gas, which is, as far as we know, still flowing until today. But could this crisis, in a sort of paradoxical way, 00:40:22 a bit like the pandemic, accelerate climate action, accelerate renewables and and so on? YNH: This is the hope. That Europe now realizes the danger and starts a green Manhattan Project that kind of accelerates what already has been happening, but accelerates it, the development of better energy sources, 00:40:49 better energy infrastructure, which would release it from its dependence on oil and gas. And it will actually undercut the dependence of the whole world on oil and gas. And this would be the best way to undermine the Putin regime and the Putin war machine, because this is what Russia has, oil and gas. 00:41:13 That's it. When was the last time you bought anything made in Russia? They have oil and gas, and we know, you know, the curse of oil. That oil is a source of riches, but it’s also very often a support for dictatorships. Because to enjoy the benefits of oil, you don't need to share it with your citizens. 00:41:38 You don't need an open society, you don't need education, you just need to drill. So we see in many places that oil and gas are actually the basis for dictatorships. If oil and gas, if the price drops, if they become irrelevant, it will not only undercut the finance, the power of the Russian military machine, it will also force Russia, force Putin or the Russians to change their regime.

The other thing which is different is that we are talking about superpowers. This is not a war between Israel and Hezbollah. This is potentially a war between Russia and NATO. 00:39:32 And even leaving aside nuclear weapons, this completely destabilizes the peace of the entire world. And again, I go back again and again to the budgets. That if Germany doubles its defense budget, if Poland doubles its defense budget, this will spread to every country in the world, and this is terrible news.

I was struck by what the Kenyan representative 00:38:12 to the UN Security Council said when this erupted. The Kenyan representative spoke in the name of Kenya and other African countries. And he told the Russians: Look, we also are the product of a post-imperial order. The same way the Soviet empire collapsed into different independent nations, also, African nations came out of the collapse of European empires. 00:38:39 And the basic principle of African politics ever since then was that no matter what your objections to the borders you have inherited, keep the borders. The borders are sacred because if we start invading neighboring countries because, "Hey, this is part of our countries, 00:39:03 these people are part of our nation," there will not be an end to it. And if this now happens in Ukraine, it will be a blueprint for copycats all over the world.

as a Jew, as an Israeli, as a historian, that I trust it not to repeat the horrors of Nazism, that's Germany.

And as a historian, I feel ashamed that this is what my profession in some way is doing. I know it for my own country. In Israel, we also suffer from too much history. I think people should be liberated from the past, not constantly repeating it again and again. You know, everybody should kind of free themselves 00:28:56 from the memories of the Second World War. It's true of the Russians, it's also true of the Germans. You know, I look at Germany now, and what I really want to say, if there are Germans watching us, what I really want to say to the Germans: guys, we know you are not Nazis. You don't need to keep proving it again and again. What we need from Germany now is to stand up and be a leader, 00:29:22 to be at the forefront of the struggle for freedom. And sometimes Germans are afraid that if they speak forcefully or pick up a gun, everybody will say, "Hey, you're Nazis again." No, we won't think that.

That part of the Russian fears that are motivating Putin and motivating people around him is memories of past invasions of Russia, especially, of course, in Second World War. And of course, it's a terrible mistake 00:27:11 what they are doing with it. They are recreating again the same things that they should learn to avoid. But yes, these are still the terrible fruits of the seeds being planted in the 1940s.

these are the seeds of hatred and fear and misery that are being planted right now in the minds and the bodies of tens of millions, hundreds of millions of people, really. 00:26:20 Because it's not just the people in Ukraine, it's also in the countries around, all over the world. And these seeds will give a terrible harvest, terrible fruits in years, in decades to come. This is why it's so crucial to stop the war immediately. Every day this continues, plants more and more of these seeds. 00:26:44 And, you know, like this war now, its seeds were, to a large extent, planted decades and even centuries ago.

We’ve built, in the late 20th century, a house for humanity 00:24:37 based on cooperation, based on collaboration, based on the understanding that our future depends on being able to cooperate, otherwise we will become extinct as a species. And we all live in this house. But in the last few years we stopped -- we neglected it, we stopped repairing it. 00:25:02 We allow it to deteriorate more and more. And, you know, eventually it will -- It is collapsing now. So I hope that people will realize before it's too late that we need not just to stop this terrible war, we need to rebuild the institutions, we need to repair the global house in which we all live together. 00:25:29 If it falls down, we all die.

nuclear weapons are -- 00:22:50 in a way they also, until now, preserved the peace of the world. I belong to the school of thought that if it was not for nuclear weapons, we would have had the Third World War between the Soviet Union and the United States and NATO sometime in the 1950s or '60s. That nuclear weapons actually, until today, served a good function. 00:23:16 It's because of nuclear weapons that we did not have any more direct clashes between superpowers because it was obvious that this would be collective suicide. But the danger is still there, it's always there. If there is miscalculation, then the results could, of course, be existential, catastrophic.

the war in Ukraine now, it’s not a natural disaster. It’s a man-made disaster, and a single man. It's not the Russian people who want this war. There's really just a single person who, by his decisions, created this tragedy.

If humans, some humans, start making bad decisions and start destroying the institutions that kept the peace, then we will be back in the era of war with budgets, military budgets going to 20, 30, 40 percent. It can happen. It's in our hands.

You wrote another essay last week in “The Economist”, and you argue that what's at stake in Ukraine is, and I quote you, "the direction of human history" because it puts at risk what you call the greatest political and moral achievement of modern civilization, 00:18:31 which is the decline of war. So now we are back in a war and potentially afterwards into a new form of cold war or hot war, but hopefully not.

You know, when you look at the real power balance, if the Europeans stick together, if the Americans and the Europeans stick together and stop this culture war and stop tearing themselves apart, they have absolutely nothing to fear -- the Russians or anybody else.

I think another very important thing is what has been dividing the West over the several years now, it’s what people term the “culture war”. The culture war between left and right, between conservatives and liberals. And I think this war can be an opportunity to end the culture war within the West, to make peace in the culture war. 00:15:59 First of all, because you suddenly realize we are all in this together. There are much bigger things in the world than these arguments between left and right within the Western democracies. And it's a reminder that we need to stand united to protect Western liberal democracies. But it's deeper than that. 00:16:22 Much of the argument between left and right seemed to be in terms of a contradiction between liberalism and nationalism. Like, you need to choose. And the right goes with nationalism, and the left goes more liberalism. And Ukraine is a reminder that no, the two actually go together. Historically, nationalism and liberalism are not opposites. 00:16:47 They are not enemies. They are friends, they go together. They meet around the central value of freedom, of liberty. And to see a nation fighting for its survival, fighting for its freedom, you see it on Fox News or you see it in CNN. And yes, they tell the story a little differently, but they suddenly see the same reality. 00:17:14 And they find common ground. And the common ground is to understand that nationalism is not about hating minorities or hating foreigners, it's about loving your compatriots, and reaching a peaceful agreement about how we want to run our country together. And I hope that seeing what is happening would help to end the culture war in the West.

I hope, for the sake of everybody -- Ukrainians, Russians and the whole of humanity -- that this war stops immediately. Because if it doesn't, it's not only the Ukrainians and the Russians 00:11:39 that will suffer terribly. Everybody will suffer terribly if this war continues. BG: Explain why. YNH: Because of the shock waves destabilizing the whole world. Let’s start with the bottom line: budgets. We have been living in an amazing era of peace in the last few decades. And it wasn't some kind of hippie fantasy. You saw it in the bottom line. 00:12:06 You saw it in the budgets. In Europe, in the European Union, the average defense budget of EU members was around three percent of government budget. And that's a historical miracle, almost. For most of history, the budget of kings and emperors and sultans, like 50 percent, 80 percent goes to war, goes to the army. 00:12:31 In Europe, it’s just three percent. In the whole world, the average is about six percent, I think, fact-check me on this, but this is the figure that I know, six percent. What we saw already within a few days, Germany doubles its military budget in a day. And I'm not against it. Given what they are facing, it's reasonable. For the Germans, for the Poles, for all of Europe to double their budgets. And you see other countries around the world doing the same thing. 00:12:58 But this is, you know, a race to the bottom. When they double their budgets, other countries look and feel insecure and double their budgets, so they have to double them again and triple them. And the money that should go to health care, that should go to education, that should go to fight climate change, this money will now go to tanks, to missiles, to fighting wars. 00:13:25 So there is less health care for everybody, and there is maybe no solution to climate change because the money goes to tanks. And in this way, even if you live in Australia, even if you live in Brazil, you will feel the repercussions of this war in less health care, in a deteriorating ecological crisis, 00:13:48 in many other things. Again, another very central question is technology. We are on the verge, we are already in the middle, actually, of new technological arms races in fields like artificial intelligence. And we need global agreement about how to regulate AI and to prevent the worst scenarios. How can we get a global agreement on AI 00:14:15 when you have a new cold war, a new hot war? So in this field, to all hopes of stopping the AI arms race will go up in smoke if this war continues. So again, everybody around the world will feel the consequences in many ways. This is much, much bigger than just another regional conflict.

this derails the whole rationale of Putin’s war. Because you can conquer the country, maybe, 00:09:54 but you won't be able to absorb Ukraine back into Russia. The only thing he's accomplishing, he is planting seeds of hatred in the hearts of every Ukrainian. Every Ukrainian being killed, every day this war continues is more seeds of hatred that may last for generations. 00:10:17 Ukrainians and Russians didn't hate each other before Putin. They’re siblings. Now he's making them enemies. And if he continues, this will be his legacy.

his long-term goal, the whole rationale of the war, 00:07:47 is to deny the existence of the Ukrainian nation and to absorb it into Russia. And to do that, it's not enough to conquer Ukraine. You also need to hold it. And it's all based on this fantasy, on this gamble, that most of the population in Ukraine would agree to this, would even welcome this. 00:08:11 And we already know that it's not true. That the Ukrainians are a very real nation; they are fiercely independent; they don’t want to be part of Russia; they will fight like hell. And in the long-run, again, you can conquer a country, But as the Russians learned in Afghanistan, as the Americans learned also in Afghanistan, also in Iraq, it's much harder to hold a country.

The imperial dream was always there, but you know, empires are often the creation of a very small gang of people at the top. I don’t think the Russian people [are] interested in this war. I don't think that the Russian people want to conquer Ukraine or to slaughter the citizens of Kyiv.

The key issue of the war, at least for President Putin, is whether Ukraine is an independent nation, whether it is a nation at all. He has this fantasy that Ukraine isn't a nation, that Ukraine is just a part of Russia, that Ukrainians are Russians. In his fantasy, Ukrainians are Russians that want to be back in the fold of Mother Russia, 00:02:43 and that the only ones preventing it is a very small gang at the top, which he portrays as Nazis, even if the president is Jewish; but OK, a Nazi Jew.

For centuries, Kyiv was looking westwards and was a part of a union with Lithuania and Poland until it was eventually conquered and absorbed by the Russian Empire, by the czarist empire. But even after that, Ukrainians remained a separate people to a large extent, and it's important to know that because this is really what is at stake in this war.

The most crucial thing to know is that Ukrainians are not Russians, and that Ukraine is an ancient, independent nation. Ukraine has a history of more than a thousand years. Kyiv was a major metropolis and cultural center when Moscow was not even a village. For most of these thousand years Kyiv was not ruled by Moscow. They were not part of the same political entity.

This is a moment that we should seize, in all seriousness, in order to take on the two huge existential plagues that face us this morning: the climate crisis, outlined in this new IPCC report, and the fact that we have a madman with nuclear weapons who’s used the revenues from oil and gas to intimidate and terrify the entire world.

Scientists and engineers in the last 10 years have figured out how to make solar power, wind power, and the batteries to store them, the cheapest power on Earth. If we deployed it at scale very fast, we would do the work that the secretary-general of the U.N. said today we must do in order to deal with climate change, and we would also undercut the power of Vladimir Putin, the power of the Koch brothers, our biggest oil and gas barons, the power of the kings and princes of Saudi Arabia, the power of a lot of the worst people on planet Earth.

Europe has been cowering for two decades in response to Putin’s constant provocations because it depends on his oil and gas in order to keep warm through the winter. And even now the U.S. and the EU are unable to take what would be the most devastating economic step, embargoing Putin’s oil and gas in Russia, because they fear that the price of gas will go up enough that American support for doing anything about the Ukraine will evaporate.

The same fossil fuels that are destroying the planet are precisely the thing that undermine — that underwrite the power of thugs like Vladimir Putin.

when we have moments like this that throw the world into stark illumination, we have to seize them.

The Biden Administration official noted that Russia is "incredibly dependent" on the West as a consumer for its energy supplies."This is a long-term vulnerability for President Putin. If he weaponizes energy supply, that's only going to accelerate Europe's and the West's diversification away from Russian energy," Singh said, adding that it would be a "major blunder."

Putin does not need to turn the taps completely off to punish the West. Oil markets are so tight that just a modest decrease in supplies from Russia could have a large impact on prices."Even if Russia cut supplies by 10% to 20%, the price response would compensate Russia for the loss of supply," said Rabobank's Fitzmaurice.

UK-based Shell (RDSA) owns a 27.5% stake in Sakhalin-2, which it describes as one of the world's largest integrated oil and gas projects. Shell says Sakhalin-2 supplies about 4% of the world's current liquified natural gas market.ExxonMobil (XOM)has been in Russia for over 25 years, and employs about 1,000 people there.Its subsidiary, Exxon Neftegas Limited, has a 30% stake in Sakhalin-1 — a vast oil and natural gas project located off Sakhalin Island in the Russian Far East. It has operated the project since 1995 on behalf of a consortium that includes Japanese and Indian partners, as well as two affiliates of Rosneft.

In addition to its stake in Rosneft, BP had three joint ventures with Russia's biggest oil company — a 20% stake in the Taas-Yuryakh oil project in eastern Siberia, 49% of Yermak Neftegaz in Western Siberia and 49% in the Kharampur oil and gas project.

you can't see the beetle in my box nor I the one in yours ludwig wittgenstein use the beetle in the Box analogy to suggest that the meaning of sensation words such as pain isn't given 00:01:10 by referring to some private inner introspected something a sensation to which you alone have access in his view there can't be more to the public meaning of our language than we are capable of teaching each other and the 00:01:23 private something the beetle can't have a role in that teaching because we can't get at

The signs are already there for those willing to see them. When the habitat becomes degraded such that there are fewer resources to go around; when fertility starts to decline; when the birth rate sinks below the death rate; and when genetic resources are limited—the only way is down. The question is “How fast?”

Also, researchers have disputed the empirical observation of mean human group sizes approximately averaging around 150 persons, presenting empirical observations of group sizes indicating a wide variety of other numbers [46–53]. Thus, ecological research on primate sociality, the uniqueness of human thinking and empirical observations all indicate that there is no hard cognitive limit on human sociality. Our reanalysis provides the last piece of evidence needed to disregard Dunbar's number.

Our last, best hope of averting systemic environmental collapse is to use the peculiarities of complex systems to trigger cascading political regime shifts.

As the paper notes, a large body of work suggests that “the power of small groups comes not from their authority or wealth, but from their commitment to the cause”.

we need a mass mobilization to save the constitution if i if i can put it that way that's why this fight that professor lewis so eloquently written and talked about is 00:17:47 important to recapture the discussion and debate of history so that we look and see ourselves for what we've done wrong at the same time we look and see the brave men and women who fought to change it and we can imitate them in 00:18:00 many many ways that goes for lawyers it goes for journalists it goes for everyday people down where what their main contribution is to stand in line and long on a long cold morning and vote that's what we need in this country is 00:18:13 to instill to invigorate to challenge with the whole idea of what democracy is it's about us it's about you and me if we can do that and see the elements that are threatening it 00:18:25 we're going to be okay

On a larger scale, ARSAC’s goal is not to completely extinguish wildfires—or replace firefighters—but to create acoustic boundary lines that prevent such fires from spreading. “We think we’re going to be able to buy those firefighters time, which is the real killer in a disaster situation,” Dhillon says. ARSAC’s technology may prove particularly disruptive because it’s designed as a “sense and respond system,” he adds, rather than a “sense and react” system. The difference? ARSAC’s integrated fire protection system aims to not only detect embers but also track the location and direction of burgeoning fires to prevent them from crossing property lines. ARSAC’s system employs sensors to detect a heat bloom and then send out spikes on a given frequency that can be used to track the fire’s flow, Dhillon explains. Drones can then be dispatched to provide aerial surveillance to monitor the fire, and arrays of sound-wave fire extinguishers along property lines can be pointed in the right direction to create an acoustic fire barrier.

Currently, ARSAC is creating an integrated system designed to specifically fight large wildfires that relies on arrays of acoustic extinguishers, sensing technologies, and an army of ISR (intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance) drones to detect and contain wildfires.

The acoustic extinguisher works by using sound waves—a type of pressure wave—to push oxygen away from the source of a flame and spread it over a larger surface area. These actions break the fire combustion triangle made up of heat, fuel, and oxygen, the three elements required for a fire to burn. The acoustic fire extinguisher puts out flames using low frequency bass (30 to 60Hz) without relying on water or chemicals. YOU MAY ALSO LIKE: How Big Data is Helping Predict and Fight Wildfires Acoustic technologies were unsuccessfully tested as a firefighting tool by the United States Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency back in 2008. Undaunted by past failures, as well as skepticism from classmates and faculty, Robertson and Tran solved the problem by adding vortex rings, which move particles in circles around a center core, to carry sound waves over longer distances without losing mass or kinetic energy.

we'll "need to go full throttle for twenty years or more." As Bill puts it, "We need to accomplish something gigantic we have never done before, much faster than we have ever done anything similar." 

But as Bill notes in his book, even the steep declines in overall economic activity, daily commuting, and air travel that came with widespread pandemic lockdowns did not move the needle as much as is needed. "What's remarkable to me is not how much emissions went down because of the pandemic, but how little," he writes. "This small decline in emissions is proof that we cannot get to zero emissions simply -- or even mostly -- by flying and driving less."

economic realities will ultimately drive adoption curves on a global level. 

nor can we rely on simply reducing usage, increasing conservation, and constraining consumption. 

what companies want is different than what individuals want companies want an invoice companies want something tax deductible 00:24:34 companies want someone that is um keeping the lights on and that is responsive via email so you really have those obligations and one platform that helps with that is open collective 00:24:47 on open collective you can maybe put that burden of being a fiscal host to the maintainers of open collective they have a 501c6 program for 00:25:00 open source projects that acts as a fiscal host which means they will hand do all the invoicing and they will officially be the maintainers and if you as just an open source 00:25:14 maintainer often or a contributor of that project you want to get money from your project you have to send an invoice to open collective and i think that's the best of both worlds again 00:25:26 because it's very transparent progress a process companies are in the loop and you don't have to deal with all the financial stuff at least not yeah 00:25:39 with with companies

oh by the way did i tell you it's hard like probably it's it's also really hard but i really don't want to stop here on a on a low note

a lot of people start with learning and then they build things and then they close the circle but there's one key piece missing here and some people hate the word but you 00:29:54 learn to love it eventually it's called marketing and marketing means a lot of things to a lot of people but what it means to me is getting the word out because someone else will if you don't and 00:30:05 you are awesome you just have to realize that maybe not everyone knows right away so you should really talk about it more maybe at conferences see what i did there 00:30:17 um maybe on twitter maybe you can just tell your friends and maybe you can ask people to contribute and to support you like what's wrong with that somehow it's frowned upon in the community that if you do 00:30:30 marketing you're not doing it for real but i think that's not true um i think that if smart people and patient and um passionate people as well 00:30:44 if they did marketing then the world would be a better place because i'm pretty sure the evil guys do marketing so do your homework

you've used this word evil and you've used the word crime why I have used those words? Why do you think that's appropriate at this point ? it's a crime. It's a crime against humanity. It's actually a crime against all humanity, right? If we start calling it a crime as it is, I call it the crime of all time. 00:28:27 Then, at least we will switch the discussion to a level that people can actually understand, right? You can give people all these numbers but they're just numbers. You can show people graphs but they're just graphs, right? We are now, our business model are perverse, irrational economics, it's destroying us! 00:28:52 It's destroying the planet! Disrupting all the oceans, poisoning the oceans. The entire oceans with acidification with heating, which disturbs and breaks down all the healthy, ocean, currents, and deoxygenation. This is evil! If you don't act against that evil, if you don't call that evil, evil 00:29:20 you are complicit and that's an enormously powerful and emotional realization and I think you're dead right

The 2007 IPCC assessment 00:26:40 stressed over and over and over that emissions had to be in decline by 2015.

So we are headed for a post agricultural world we're changing the climate of the past 10,000 years into a completely different climate which is not an agricultural climate. And when you say a post agricultural world. 00:24:21 What we're saying again, to be blunt, is not enough food to feed people. That's right. And billions and billions of people starving to death. That's right. We're looking at billions of people not able to survive because of starvation, water deprivation. And then, of course, you pile on the diseases for many, many, many years. The Infectious Disease experts. 00:24:50 We just had an experience of it with covid-19, have warned us that actually all of the infectious and communicable diseases are going to be increased by putting up the global temperature. And lots of floods. It's a recipe. It's a suicidal recipe. And the only plans we have are plans for Global suicide.

it was published in some magazines that we are the human race was at a crossroads, that we were looking at what was described as the worst possible future or the best possible future and that was absolutely right, it was described very well. We're not only robbing our children of a decent life. We're robbing them of a what I would call a golden age.

Extinction Rebellion has been at the forefront of a fundamentally new message which is if a government doesn't change, it's your right and as we've identified, your duty, if you're not going to be complicit, 00:34:43 to go into a rebellion a nonviolent civil disobedience against the government in order to fundamentally reduce carbon emissions. It's not actually that complicated, Is it? If you ask the average person who controls the economy, right? They know it's the banks, the big banks, right? And we had the banks, I think they did it pretty deliberately ten years ago. 00:35:12 They pulled our chain and we had the most massive transfer of wealth that the world has ever seen the bank bailout, right? Trillions and trillions of dollars. We're seeing the same thing now with covid and the banks have got to be behind it, right? If the banks wanted and decided that emissions have to decline from today 00:35:36 fast in a matter of years, the banks can do it, right? Because the banks hold the strings. All governments now are in a massive amount of national debt . we have an axis of evil if you want, we have the big banking corporations. We have the big fossil fuel corporations and we have the compliant government.

for example arctic char the fish species that's already 00:09:00 all across the arctic region living at its temperature level about 24 degrees celsius in freshwater ecosystems one fraction of a decree further and we 00:09:13 will enter into a cycle of fish death events that will cascade in food security loss of culture and many other things of this keystone species on the aquatic ecosystems for 00:09:25 communities and nature alike

she pointed out that climate finance to small island states declined by 25 percent in 2019 but she also offered 00:22:36 what she called a sword that can cut down this gordian knot of finance and she reminded us that 25 trillion dollars of quantitative easing has been produced in the last 13 years and that 9 trillion 00:22:49 of that was just in the last 18 months alone in order to deal with the covet crisis an annual increase in special drawing rights of 500 billion dollars a year for 20 years putting trust to finance the 00:23:01 transition is what she suggested is the real gap that we need to close not the 50 billion being proposed for adaptation and she concluded by saying if 500 billion sounds big it's just two percent 00:23:14 of that 25 trillion dollars that has already been created through quantitative easing so my question is is actually not an economic question it's more of a political question really what are the barriers to using that mechanism for the 00:23:28 enormous threat of climate change in the way it's been used for the frankly lesser threat of of covid and what can be done to build support for it

i think we have to be very careful about not blaming the individual and i think that sometimes a lot of the narrative is 01:01:48 well you're using your petrol car you're using your gas spoiler you're basically taking your kids to school you know i think that's really problematic and i think what the rain is saying is we need to move away from that which is then 01:02:01 what we need is we need government to actually provide some infrastructure and some incentives so we can actually all do the right thing again when we're looking at say moving away from meat and having a more plant-based diet then we 01:02:14 need some taxation to remove some of the unhealthy really over processed food we also need to live people out of extreme poverty in the developed world and developing world so 01:02:26 they actually have choices so i think it's a balancing gap between being really positive about behavior change making sure that people are empowered but at the same time not blaming people for climate change

i think the focus was very much on energy supply and to a limited extent on things like um yeah technologies and like vehicle 01:00:07 technologies for example but um much much less in terms of getting people to particularly in developed countries to use less energy and to change diet and to travel less and fly less and all these these things and i think part of 01:00:19 that and it is also reflected in the fact that it was fairly much absent in the uk's net zero strategy is that it is seen as being politically difficult that it might be a you know it might mean that they that politicians lose votes that 01:00:33 it's just too difficult to get people to change their behavior that it's threatening that it might mean lower standards of living um in developed countries etc so i think kind of it's still it's still seen as something and that that was quite explicit i think in 01:00:45 the forward to the uk strategy um so i think in terms of how we move beyond that that's that's difficult but i think it is about reframing behavior change and demand demand management in 01:00:58 much more positive terms to say this isn't a threat there are actually opportunities there are opportunities to improve people's health and well-being to create green jobs to reskill people in new sectors and 01:01:09 and so on and it is not about you know reducing uh quality of life or well-being it's not about people losing jobs etc so this is i think there's a job here to kind of reframe it in terms of those those opportunities and those 01:01:22 co-benefits so that would be my my initial thought

i might add in october 2021 the climate change committee noted that the government's net zero strategy contained an 00:59:28 insufficient amount of demand management to deliver the uk uk's decarbonisation commitments my question to the panel is was there a big demand management hole in cop26 and if so what can be done to engage 00:59:41 politicians and policymakers more widely in this important piece of the decarbonization jigsaw