He, Z., Nagel, S., & Song, Z. (2020). Treasury Inconvenience Yields during the COVID-19 Crisis (Working Paper No. 27416; Working Paper Series). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w27416

CNN, B. Helen R., Steve George, Meg Wagner, Melissa Macaya, Mike Hayes and Veronica Rocha. (n.d.). July 13 coronavirus news. CNN. Retrieved July 25, 2020, from https://www.cnn.com/world/live-news/coronavirus-pandemic-07-13-20-intl/index.html

Younes, G. A., Ayoubi, C., Ballester, O., Cristelli, G., de Rassenfosse, G., Foray, D., Gaule, P., Pellegrino, G., van den Heuvel, M., Webster, B., & Zhou, L. (2020). COVID-19_Insights from Innovation Economists [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/b5zae

Younes, G. A., Ayoubi, C., Ballester, O., Cristelli, G., de Rassenfosse, G., Foray, D., Gaule, P., van den Heuvel, M., Webster, B., & Zhou, L. (2020). COVID-19: Insights from Innovation Economists (with French executive summary) [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/65pgr

Goldman, D. S. (2020). Initial Observations of Psychological and Behavioral Effects of COVID-19 in the United States, Using Google Trends Data. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/jecqp

Payne, J. L., Morgan, A., & Piquero, A. R. (2020). COVID-19 and Social Distancing Measures in Queensland Australia Are Associated with Short-Term Decreases in Recorded Violent Crime [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/z4m8t

Galloway, S. (n.d.). NYU professor Scott Galloway predicts hundreds of universities will shutter, possibly for good, if they reopen in the fall. Business Insider. Retrieved July 20, 2020, from https://www.businessinsider.com/scott-galloway-colleges-must-cut-costs-to-survive-covid-2020-7

UCL-Lancet Lecture 2020: Global Health Preparedness in the Face of Emerging Epidemics. (2020, July 13). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pqE48fmyRkw&feature=youtu.be

Dou, Z., Stefanovski, D., Galligan, D., Lindem, M., Rozin, P., Chen, T., & Chao, A. M. (2020). The COVID-19 Pandemic Impacting Household Food Dynamics: A Cross-National Comparison of China and the U.S. [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/64jwy

Devi Sridhar on Twitter: “I look at what’s happening in several U.S. states including my home state Florida; I look at Israel and Spain and Iran and...and I know that everyone wants the economy to go full steam ahead in the UK. But I fear we will be in another lockdown within months, if not weeks.” / Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved July 10, 2020, from https://twitter.com/devisridhar/status/1280903346153574400

Nathan Young on Twitter: “I refuse to subscribe to every newpaper that I read 3 articles from a month. I’m subscribed to @Blendle @Coil and @Medium for content that I pay per use. If news orgs want my money, let me pay only for what I use.” / Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved July 7, 2020, from https://twitter.com/nathanpmyoung/status/1280080625689669632

Varatharaj, A., Thomas, N., Ellul, M. A., Davies, N. W. S., Pollak, T. A., Tenorio, E. L., Sultan, M., Easton, A., Breen, G., Zandi, M., Coles, J. P., Manji, H., Al-Shahi Salman, R., Menon, D. K., Nicholson, T. R., Benjamin, L. A., Carson, A., Smith, C., Turner, M. R., … Plant, G. (2020). Neurological and neuropsychiatric complications of COVID-19 in 153 patients: A UK-wide surveillance study. The Lancet Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30287-X

These Canadians say they suffered COVID-19 symptoms for months. (n.d.). Global News. Retrieved July 5, 2020, from https://globalnews.ca/news/7107137/coronavirus-long-term-symptoms/

A Marm Kilpatrick on Twitter: “What is #herdimmunity threshold for #COVID19? A topic of much discussion due to large uncertainty & huge consequences for long term impact. New paper illustrates 1 key aspect that can reduce it substantially (spoiler: we still don’t know value). Thread. https://t.co/Sgrg1yrlOq” / Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved June 27, 2020, from https://twitter.com/diseaseecology/status/1275595167936868352

I was brought here from the discussion:

'Into The Wild' bus removed from Alaska wilderness - Hacker News »Link«

linked to this: Wikipedia - Compassion Fatigue

The sharing economy will have to change. (n.d.). The Economist. Retrieved June 8, 2020, from https://www.economist.com/business/2020/06/04/the-sharing-economy-will-have-to-change

Condon, E. M., Dettmer, A., Gee, D., Ba, C. H., Lee, K. S., Mayes, L., Stover, C. S., & Tseng, W.-L. (2020). COVID-19 exposes enduring inequalities for children & families [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/28vsj

Perkins, Gavin D., and Keith Couper. ‘COVID-19: Long-Term Effects on the Community Response to Cardiac Arrest?’ The Lancet Public Health 0, no. 0 (27 May 2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30134-1.

Interesting how a word (pandemic) that literally means "all people" has ended up (only) meaning a disease that effects all people. Yet nowhere in the word does it say anything about a disease.

I don't think the "but more strictly" part is strictly accurate.

Wikipedia authors confirm what I already believed to be true: that the general sense of the word is just as valid/extant/used/common as the sense that is specific to biology:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxonomy_(general) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)

"linked data" can and should be a very general term referring to any structured data that is interlinked/interconnected.

It looks like most of this article describes it in that general sense, but sometimes it talks about URIs and such as if they are a necessary attribute of linked data, when that would only apply to Web-connected linked data. What about, for example, linked data that links to each other through some other convention such as just a "type" and "ID"? Maybe that shouldn't be considered linked data if it is too locally scoped? But that topic and distinction should be explored/discussed further...

I love its application to web technologies, but I wish there were a distinct term for that application ("linked web data"?) so it could be clearer from reading the word whether you meant general case or not. May not be a problem in practice. We shall see.

Granted/hopefully most use of linked data is in the context of the Web, so that the links are universal / globally scoped, etc.

generic-sounding term may be interpreted as something more specific than intended: I want to be able to use "data interchange" in the most general sense. But if people interpret it to mean this specific standard/protocol/whatever, I may be misunderstood.

The definition given here

is the concept of businesses electronically communicating information that was traditionally communicated on paper, such as purchase orders and invoices.

limits it to things that were previously communicated on paper. But what about things for which paper was never used, like the interchange of consent and consent receipts for GDPR/privacy law compliance, etc.?

The term should be allowed to be used just as well for newer technologies/processes that had no previous roots in paper technologies.

Nordmann, E., Horlin, C., Hutchison, J., Murray, J., Robson, L., Seery, M., & MacKay, J. R. D., Dr. (2020, April 27). 10 simple rules for supporting a temporary online pivot in higher education. Retrieved from psyarxiv.com/qdh25

Social distancing “is a problematic term” that could damage our mental wellbeing. (2020, April 17). Metro. https://metro.co.uk/2020/04/17/swap-social-distancing-safe-relating-sake-wellbeing-12570403/

preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.26.20044404

preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.23.20040394

preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.24.20042176

This is an outdated method. Lorem ipsum.

The authors use the term "Hyperterroir" to refer to the combined ecological and cultural aspects of an area of land. The value of indigenous Israeli and Palestinian wines is not solely derived from the environmental conditions in which they are grown. Their value also comes from the cultural and political narratives that surround the grapes and winemaking.

Two or more closely related/similar species. The author used this term to say that a grapevine resembles other grapevines that are similar to it.

mental shortcut

the most basic structure of project management. If you're really informal, you'd probably start by establishing a life cycle strategy of some kind

Similar to KPI process - almost identical

...visibility and control purposes

The projects involved in the program are connected in some way that justifies adding the management expense and effort required to coordinate them.

Operations Definition

Review terms

Simple and clear explanation of overfitting

I'm already thinking about what network density looks like in a very real sense. Is it a very tight-knit group of friends? A person who makes lots of connections between ideas?

A computational model is a mathematical model in computational science that requires extensive computational resources to study the behavior of a complex system by computer simulation.

Corticosteroids: Drug Facts, Side Effects and Dosing: "Corticosteroids are steroid hormones that are either produced by the body or are man-made."

see: https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Beta2-adrenergic_agonist

Aside: "beta agonists to treat asthma symptoms can excite the nervous system and prompt migraine, Cady says. Conversely, beta blockers to prevent migraine can worsen asthma." Asthma, Migraines, Sinus Headaches, and Their Connection

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spirometry?oldformat=true#Forced_expiratory_volume_in_1_second_(FEV1) :

"the volume of air that can forcibly be blown out in one second, after full inspiration."

Turbuhaler® is a type of inhaler.

"the maximal flow (or speed) achieved during the maximally forced expiration initiated at full inspiration, measured in liters per minute or in liters per second." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spirometry?oldformat=true#Peak_expiratory_flow_(PEF)

Not a term I am familiar with. Found this Oxford Dictionary definition helpful: https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/longue_duree

E

Prownian analysis is the first part of what has been named the "Prownian method," a method that is used to identify, analyze and categorize objects in historical archaeology. Prownian method consists of three steps: obsessively describe, guess at uses, and treat the object as fiction.

source: (https://mnmalone.wordpress.com/prownian-analysis/)

Historicity - historical actuality; historical authenticity

Def. adjective

1. digressing from subject to subject.
2. relating to discourse or modes of discourse.

Amalgamation

The action or process of uniting or merging two or more things.

Agglomeration: the action or process of collecting in a mass

They provide a base for comparison similar to a control group?

Maybe I missed something in our previous readings/videos, but can someone explain to me what is meant by the term "artifacts"?

antanaclasis

vertiginous

Specious

Sunder

hermaneutics

scansion

This whole concept is a huge part of what I want to get out of my data set! This is exciting and also terrifying because I will have to figure out how to actually get these measurements....

I had not thought of that until they spelled this out. that actually makes a lot of sense.

I think this also applies in financial sectors, right? good explanantion linking centrality and structural holes; I also like the breakdown in the bottom paragraph with five specific roles shown in fig. 7.7

density + pattern of relations among alters = constraints

wow. entropy sounds awesome. I want to be able to use this in my analysis just because it sounds so cool and I think it was one of the few concepts that really made sense when I was introduced to entropy in physics and chemistry!

focus of questions that try to examine individual entities across different networks and/or patterns of interaction within groups.

ego's social capital in the hood

It is easy to see why node level centrality and network-level centralization are mistakenly treated as the same. This is my third or fourth time through this and I'm still not completely clear.

must ... must ... must

Wenn schon die Rhetorik auf Flugblatt macht...

"smartly" - das passt doch hier wie die Faust aufs Auge.

Die Daten werden im Alltag von Menschen und Maschinen produziert. Was hier gemeint ist, ist "accumulating": Wer in der Lage ist, die meisten Daten zu sammeln, zusammenzukaufen oder eben produzieren zu lassen, der ...

In dieser anderen Sichtweise fällt dann nämlich die Möglichkeit des "Datenstreiks" auf: Wenn wir uns der Arbeit des Daten-Produzierens entziehen, dann haben die Datenkonzerne auch kein Futter mehr für ihre AI. Wir müssen zwar - so ist die Realität beschaffen -, um zu überleben, bestimmte Datenspuren legen, aber wir können uns darin organisieren, streiken und unsere Position so verbessern.

Nicht anders hat es die alte Arbeiterbewegung mit ihrer Arbeit auch gemacht, obwohl sie "von ihr" auch leben musste. Datenproduktion ist Arbeit. Die Smart City ist die Fabrik der Datenindustrie, das Smarte Home die Produktionseinheit und das Smarte Self ist der/die Arbeiter*in. Hat nur noch kaum wer realisiert...

Da hatten wir auch schon mal tiefgründigere Analysen - im Sinne von capitalism-the-mode-of-production...

Ist ja nicht völlig falsch. Aber die Textstelle zeigt so richtig schön, dass wir hier bestenfalls einen mittelgelungenen Essay vor uns haben, aber keine Studie.

Begriffshülse, verschleiert mehr als sie erklärt. Solche Schlagworte sollten wir nicht auch noch promoten. Mehr dazu

erklären!

The purpose of egocentric analysis.

These are two terms that are commonly used in literacy in regards to acquisition of emerging readers and two different theories as to which is the best way to help young readers become successful in reading. Spoiler - bottom-up won...

Although I already determined I needed to add a cut-off value to my data in order to make some of it meaningful it's reassuring to read about here.

Nice definition

I'm interested to learn more about this.

In ELT, "Top Down" refers to getting learners to make predictions about reading/listening activities before they actually do them. For example showing students a magazine article and asking to predict what they the article might be about, based on pictures or titles. This seems to be similar here, looking at readily available information without getting into the details first.

so is this directly correlated to structural cohesiveness?

component definition; the graphic from Bodong's video clip is helpful in getting a (mental) picture of this definition.

1. Would it be right to say that a decentralized network would mean that more actors have a say in the evaluation process?
2. Could a measure like high transitivity indicate more equitable practices in evaluation?
3. Would high reciprocity mean that there was healthier communication (not just directed "at" the new teachers, but feedback loops and supportive avenues of communication)?
4. And finally, what would high density scores indicate -- that resources are more accessible and basically better connections overall - so a more well-connected network, with fewer actors in isolated or peripheral positions?

centralization: power in the hands of a few

small world phenomenon

clustering: tendency towards shared interactions based on homophily

examples of forms of relationships (16 dif kinds according to Holland&Linehardt, 1979)

reciprocity: appears in many studies and seems highly relevant in educational fields

size: affects structure of relations, reflects network's boundary, and measure of number of nodes in network

How were the data changed from 1,2,3 to 1,0?

From my understanding of this, structural holes differ from triads since triads generally indicate that all three actors are connected in some way. Is this correct?

I like the explanation of effective density. I think it will be useful for my own "potential" research

Ah ha! So I guess this answers my question about the Burke reading. I had a hard time following the Burke, but Weaver's connection to Plato is obviously much clearer. (And Weaver in general is also much clearer.)

This sort of sounds like the Platonic forms, but for human actions rather than objects. Are these ideas sort of analogous?

Interesting. I am unfamiliar with this type of sampling. I have heard of it before, but I have not seen many studies that utilize this sampling approach.

useful in "empirically locating network boundaries" but not used widely

positional different from relational because there could be structural holes

franchise

It's most often used in reference to the right to vote, but the term carries the larger meaning of just a right or privilege in general. It can also be "freedom or immunity from some burden or restriction vested in a person or group."

I think the broader political and social meanings of "franchise" and its derivations -- most commonly "enfranchise" and "disenfranchise" -- make it a key term for rhetoric, particularly as we continue to ask questions like “What is Rhetoric?” or “What was Rhetoric?” or “Whatever Rhetoric?” or “Which Rhetorics?” or “When Rhetoric?” or “Whenever Rhetoric?” or “What will be Rhetoric?” or “What will have been Rhetoric?” or “What isn’t Rhetoric?”

I like this definition of SNA

literacy is a complex web of skills and knowledge related to engaging and expressing ideas—a web that, as mentioned in the introduction, serves as a foundation for all learning.

As a third culture adult, with bi-cultural kids, I have to notice and react to the statement that Mexican American students appear to be less engaged in unorganized academic endeavors ... than white students." Is social capital less important, not noticed or simply not addressed within Mexican American culture?

This is my first time learning about cultural capital. It makes sense so I am surprised that I have not come across it before.

Human Capital is a big deal in the field of Human Resource Development. Supporters of the human capital theory argue that humans are the best asset of any organization. It's nice to see the theory mentioned in literature outside of business and HR fields.

While I can make an educated guess as to what these terms mean, I am not very familiar with them.

This is the easiest definition to work with, in my opinion!

I find this interesting because it is being described as "classical theory of capital"... even though it is still used to this day as the dominant definition of capital, and fits well within contemporary applications of capital theory, including social capital theory.

Patterned social relations are structural relations that exist only at a specific time-place and either disappear or recede when actors are elsewhere. Relations vary significantly across contexts and condition the social actors apart from their attributes.

These graphs are powerful tools, very similar to concept maps.

Interesting

Here is a better explanation of the SNA terms Arcs and Edges. Arcs represent those relations that are directed from one student to another, meaning that the friendship nomination has not necessarily been reciprocated. Edges, on the other hand, are those lines that do not have arrowheads (since friendships are directed, there are no edges in Figure 3.1), which are appropriate when the relation is by definition reciprocated (e.g., “studies with”).

I am unfamiliar with the term "arc" in this context since I am unsure what is meant by "directed lines".

This has come up a couple times now with no definition (that I've seen), so I looked it up on dictionary.com: the measurement of attitudes of social acceptance or rejection through expressed preferences among members of a social grouping

I think this will occur a lot in SNA

This is a really great SNA term/phrase. Generating big ideas from small observations is a nice description of SNA. It reminds me of the grounded theory approach in qualitative research.

I really appreciate how the term diffusion is used in SNA to describe the natural spread of knowledge through a network.

Important question that I have been struggling with.

Both generate "social capital" , albeit differently. "Social closure hypothesis" and "Structural holes hypothesis refer to social networks that often operate within social castes to protect the members. It would be great if someone could come up with an authentic/real life example of their own.

"Social network perspective" is social network analysis that layers or intertwines theory and method and contains qualitative and quantitative characteristics. The observable: the people demonstrate social relationships that become interesting when their social links are examined.

This is a term that is new to me. I find it interesting in the abstract as well as the specific.

I'm curious about this concept, as I suspect it's been the basis for other technologies we use today.

I think the idea of research as therapy is really interesting. Beyond that, though, a major concept within LT is the idea of bringing theory into practice; this seems like a different application of that process.

Is this ontology inherently incompatible with relational realism? If different educational researchers operate under each ontological paradigm and describe the same scenario in unique ways, what value would each bring to our understanding of the world? Is one inherently more valuable than the other?

SNA is not just a methodology, rather an informed perspective that should affect every area of research.

This seems to somewhat reflect a similar evolution in education theory (not directly, but somewhat), tying into the newer theory of connectivism, as I see it. Though this doesn't necessary indicate a progression (maybe though?)

A collection of actors on which ties are to be measured.

The collection of the ties between actors, taken as a whole.

Ties are connections between actors

Diffusion--as I understand it--is tracking how a particular phenomenon moves through a social network. This reminds me of a TEDTalk on how to start a movement: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RXMnDG3QzxE

I am curious about a few things packed in this sentence: network phenomena, and their antecedents and consequences.

a word adopted from a foreign language with little or no modification

Is paper a realm? Have never thought of it that way. Every medium is a realm? Is it helpful analytically to make this distinction? Similarly, it is helpful to make the same distinction between digital and not digital?

Naïvely (since my understanding of type theory is naïve), this seems to mesh with the concepts of inheritance for the "is" relationships, and also with type-theory more generally for "has" relationships, since I believe we can view any object or "compound type", as defined here, as being a subtype of another type 'o' if one of its elements is of type 'o'. Though we have to be careful for functional mapping when thinking of aspects: we can't just say Int is an aspect of Pair(Int, Int), since this is ambiguous (there are two ints) --- we must denote which Int we mean.