https://www.facebook.com/groups/TypewriterCollectors/posts/10163201400174678/

Looking this up very briefly I found my own definition without an official one. A group with a common understanding typically surrounding a subject that communicates in a manner amongst its members and sub-sectors to a degree. This definition is left open very wide.

for - progress trap - long term antibiotic use - can create new composition of microbiome with species resistant to antibiotic treatment

for - definition - anthropocene - rejection of the term - it was rejected on dogmatic grounds, not on the evidence provided

Term + my working definition:

Role of language = how language functions as a tool of identity, power, inclusion/exclusion.

Why this matters: Frames the essay’s lens for analyzing Englishes.

Term + my working definition:

Black English = a language formed within the Black diaspora in the U.S., emerging from shared necessity and community, not merely a “dialect.”

Why this matters: Centers origin and legitimacy for concept map.

Term + my working definition:

Language architects = writers who intentionally design with multiple language resources for a given audience/situation.

Why this matters for my theme: Positions students as intentional designers, not error-correctors.

Term + my working definition:

Translingualism = resisting one-language norms by leveraging the full range of a writer’s language practices.

Why this matters for my theme: It names the orientation that re-frames “academic writing” around plurality.

Term + my working definition:

Code meshing = blending dialects/languages/rhetorical styles together in the same utterance or paper.

Why this matters for my theme: It’s the central practice Young advances.

Term + my working definition:

Standard language ideology = the belief in one dominant, mandatory set of English rules everyone must follow.

Why this matters for my theme: Names the system Young critiques.

Term + my working definition:

Dialect literature = writing that uses non-standard varieties to challenge the idea of a single, unified “proper” language.

Why this matters for my theme: Supports the claim that Bambara’s AAVE disrupts linguistic hierarchy.

Term + my working definition:

AAVE = a vernacular dialect associated with African American communities that carries cultural identity and rhetorical power in the story.

Why this matters for my theme: Establishes AAVE as the story’s linguistic frame and vehicle for meaning.

Term + my working definition:

AAVE = a vernacular dialect associated with African American communities that carries cultural identity and rhetorical power in the story.

Why this matters for my theme: Establishes AAVE as the story’s linguistic frame and vehicle for meaning.

Term + my working definition:

Standardized language = shared norms that enable mutual understanding across diverse dialect users.

Why this matters for my theme: It grounds the claim that SAE reduces cross-audience miscommunication.

Term + my working definition:

Standard American English = the accepted workplace dialect among college-educated professionals.

Why this matters for my theme: It frames SAE as pragmatic convention, not moral superiority.

Defining "user content."

assume as a fact; put forward as a basis of argument.

for - learned new term - open cooperative - this is an important subset of cooperative Cooperatives alive are insufficient for construction commons business systems because they can still be capitalistic cooperatives! - question - is Mondragon a capitalist or open cooperative?

for - metaphor - Trump second term - blatant oligarchy - lancing the boil - SOURCE - Youtube - Hope in Spite of Trump - Robert Reich - 2025, Jan 20

for - definition - nyam - Tibetan term for intense psychophysical meditative experience - from Medium article - Nyams I have known and loved - Alexander Vezhnevets - 2022, Apr 28

for - authoritarianism - Donald Trump second term - adaptation to 2nd win is common - and historically leads to terrible results

for - definition - realtime ecological forecasting - definition - near term ecological forecasting - adjacency - near term ecological forecasting - open science - citizen science - climate departure

Chapeau! Een Belgische website kaart dit aan in de context gezond leven.

1:00:18 We should not even use the term borrowing

Smart cities = Search Term.

This is crazy. I don't understand what makes women of color so different than anybody else. The amount of people that are stereotyping makes you not even want to be able to work hard and try to achieve goals when it seems like nobody cares about your hard work

A word that people use to refer to black people that don't necessarily fit into a "well hard working individual"

Zettelkasten is a method for creating "slow productivity" against a sea of information overload

Some of the framing goes back to using the card index as a means of overcoming the eternal problem of "information overload" [see A. Blair, Yale University Press, 2010]. I ran into an example the other day in David Blight's DeVane Lectures at Yale in which he simultaneously shrugged at the problem while talking about (perhaps unknown to him) the actual remedy: https://boffosocko.com/2024/09/16/paul-conkins-zettelkasten-advice/

It's also seen in Luhmann claiming he only worked on things he found easy/fun. The secret is that while you're doing this, your zettelkasten is functioning as a pawl against the ratchet of ideas so that as you proceed, you don't lose your place in your train of thought (folgezettel) even if it's months since you thought of something last. This allows you to always be building something of interest to you even (especially) if the pace is slow and you don't know where you're going as you proceed. It's definitely a form of advanced productivity, but not in the sort of "give-me-results-right-now" way that most have come to expect in a post-Industrial Revolution world. This distinction is what is usually lost on those coming from a productivity first perspective and causes friction because it's not the sort of productivity they've come to expect.

In reply to writingslowly and Bob Doto at https://discord.com/channels/992400632390615070/992400632776507447/1285175583877103749<br /> Conversation/context not for direct attribution

is part of the computer that allows it to understand complex or complicated data sets. It works with pictures and even videos.

a part of AI that allows computers to adapt and learn from data/information. It improves them in doing tasks and understanding how to do something without needing a complex code or be specifically programmed to do so.

This can be a very big problem and you can see it in today's world. People tend to find facts off the internet that are completly false and a lot of it doesn't necessarily make sense, and with AI being a big thing today there definitely can be some wrong facts that are said to be true.

This is definitely one of the key terms because without LLM website that provide information wouldn't be as organized as they are today.

https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/self-referential?q=+referentia

https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/structural?q=structural

for - new term - curiosity trap - When distractions take us out of the concentration and focusing zone

presence? being present?

the principle establishing the existence of a being from the fact of its thinking or awareness.

for - 2nd Trump term - 2nd Trump presidency - 2024 U.S. election - existential threat for climate crisis - Title:Trump 2.0: The climate cannot survive another Trump term - Author: Michael Mann - Date: Nov 5, 2023

Summary - Michael Mann repeats a similiar warning he made before the 2020 U.S. elections. Now the urgency is even greater. - Trump's "Project 2025" fossil-fuel -friendly plan would be a victory for the fossil fuel industry. It would - defund renewable energy research and rollout - decimate the EPA, - encourage drilling and - defund the Loss and Damage Fund, so vital for bringing the rest of the world onboard for rapid decarbonization. - Whoever wins the next U.S. election will be leading the U.S. in the most critical period of the human history because our remaining carbon budget stands at 5 years and 172 days at the current rate we are burning fossil fuels. Most of this time window overlaps with the next term of the U.S. presidency. - While Mann points out that the Inflation Reduction Act only takes us to 40% rather than Paris Climate Agreement 60% less emissions by 2030, it is still a big step in the right direction. - Trump would most definitely take a giant step in the wrong direction. - So Trump could singlehandedly set human civilization on a course of irreversible global devastation.

for - 2nd Trump term - regressive climate policy

for - 2nd Trump presidency - elimination of loss and damage fund - impact on global decarbonization effort

• While we have seen renewed leadership on climate by the Biden administration,
• other nations are wary of what a second Trump presidency could portend,
• particularly on climate
  • where they fear he will refuse to honor our commitments to the rest of the world
• and derail four years of progress on climate.

Aktueller Überblick zu Emissionen und Landnutzung in Österreich die Emissionen durch die Landwirtschaft nehmen schon länger ab, während Wälder in Österreich zunehmend als CO2 senken fungieren. Wichtigste Ursache für die Emissionen ist nach wie vor die Viehhaltung. Https://www.derstandard.at/story/3000000200378/wie-die-landnutzung-helfen-kann-das-klima-zu-schuetzen

很高興看到台、中、港兩國三地的維基百科，不約而同把phoneme正名為「音位」而非「音素」。另外，星馬澳也如此。唯一「不合群」的漢字用法是日語，稱之為「音素」，這對台灣的譯名影響不小。

建議從今起，大家努力建立共識，一概把phoneme稱作「音位」、把phonemics稱作「音位學」，一勞永逸，與有歧義的詞「音素」區分開來。

很不幸，在台灣、正體中文的文獻中，「音素」一詞既可能指phone，也可能指phoneme，而區分兩者的能力又是語音學(phonetics)、音位學(phonemics)的重頭戲！因爲術語詞彙的翻譯不統一而造成學習和理解的混亂，得不償失。

很支持臺灣雙語無法黨提倡PA（phonemic awareness音位意識）的宗旨，但黨主席蕭博士對外一貫把PA中的phoneme稱作「音素」，就容易和phone（亦可稱「音素」）混淆。建議一起努力大聲說出「音位」。

is this from Ognjen Amidzic's research on chess and memory?

https://unfccc.int/news/new-analysis-of-national-climate-plans-insufficient-progress-made-cop28-must-set-stage-for-immediate

the reason why a writer is writing on a particular subject

highlights the dire financial circumstances of the poorest individuals, who resort to high-interest loans as a survival strategy. This phenomenon reflects the interplay between human decision-making and development policy. The decision to take such loans, driven by immediate needs, illustrates how cognitive biases and limited options impact choices. From a policy perspective, addressing this issue requires understanding these behavioral nuances and crafting interventions that provide sustainable alternatives, fostering financial inclusion and breaking the cycle of high-interest debt.

This is a very useful but underutilized property. It allows you to e.g. announce in advance that a resource will exist at some point in the future, and thereby effectively receive "updates" to the linking document without requiring changes to the document itself.

Why music causes memories to flood back<br /> Marlene Cimons

• new idea
• new term
• FOMO

• new idea 4me
• infoglut

cartesian thinking views the mind as being seperate from the physical body.

replicating an experience is not the same as replicating an exact depiction

It is important to know that Susan was one of the people who was for women’s right to vote

How do Bransford, Brown, & Cocking (2000) define schemas? (Metiri Group, Cisco Sytems, 2008) As chunks of multiple individual units of memory that are linked into a system of understanding

What term is defined by Bransford, Brown, & Cocking (2000) to be "chunks of multiple individual units of memory that are linked into a system of understanding"? (Metiri Group, Cisco Sytems, 2008) Schemas.

How is learning defined by Sweller in 2002? (Metiri Group, Cisco Sytems, 2008) The storage of automated schema in long-term memory

What term does Sweller define as the "storage of automated schema in long-term memory"?

This practice is quite similar to writing out good spaced repetition question/answer cards for forcing active recall and better long term memory.

https://dictionary.apa.org/rehearsal

The practice of repeating items as a means of attempting to place them into short-term memory is called maintenance rehearsal. Examples of this practice include repeating a new acquaintance's name or perhaps their phone number multiple times as a means of helping to remember it either for the short term or potentially the long term.

Research on the levels-of processing model of memory indicates that maintenance rehearsal is not as effective at promoting long term memory as methods like elaborative rehearsal.

Retrieval practice, აღდგენის გავარჯიშება? ვარჯიში აღდგენაში?

Limited time you have.

Anthes, E. (2021, August 19). What to Know About Boosters if You Got the Johnson & Johnson Vaccine. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/08/19/health/coronavirus-johnson-vaccine-booster.html

Dowdy, D. (2021, September 21). On the J&J booster news, keep in mind: 1. Median follow-up since 2nd dose was just 36 days, 2. Efficacy vs moderate COVID was 75% globally, and 3. Total number of cases in the US was 15. Please don’t take this to mean that a 2nd dose provides long-term increase in protection. Https://t.co/RnqDNBmwuD [Tweet]. @davidwdowdy. https://twitter.com/davidwdowdy/status/1440323242942554122

Kinderimpfstoff gegen Corona: Stiko-Chef Mertens würde eigene Kinder jetzt nicht impfen lassen. (2021, December 2). FAZ.NET. https://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/inland/stiko-chef-mertens-wuerde-eigene-kinder-nicht-gegen-corona-impfen-17662194.html

Jones, B., Wardman, L., & Tinkler, L. (2021, September 3). Coronavirus vaccine hesitancy in younger adults—Office for National Statistics. https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/healthandwellbeing/articles/coronavirusvaccinehesitancyinyoungeradults/june2021

Hawthorn, A. (2021, September 26). Like polio, the long-term impact of COVID will be measured in disability | CBC News. CBC. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/apocalypse-then-disability-1.6187990

Sample, I. (2022, January 25). Long Covid: Doctors find ‘antibody signature’ for patients most at risk. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/society/2022/jan/25/doctors-find-antibody-signature-long-covid

Huang, L., & Cao, B. (2021). Post-acute conditions of patients with COVID-19 not requiring hospital admission. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00225-5

Marsh, S. (2021, December 1). Severe Covid infection doubles chances of dying in following year, study finds. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/dec/01/severe-covid-infection-doubles-chances-of-dying-in-following-year-study

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o49C8jQIsvs

Video about the Double-Bubble Map: https://youtu.be/Hm4En13TDjs

The double-bubble map is a tool for thought for comparing and contrasting ideas. Albert Rosenberg indicates that construction of opposites is one of the most reliable ways for generating ideas. (35:50)

Bluma Zeigarnik - open tasks tend to occupy short-term memory.

I love his compounding interest graphic with the steps moving up to the right with the quote: "Even groundbreaking paradigm shifts are most often the consequence of many small moves in the right direction instead of one big idea." This could be an awesome t-shirt or motivational poster.

Watched this up to about 36 minutes on 2022-08-10 and finished on 2022-08-22.

25

formal definition of a task construal in terms of a (sub)set of state-action-next-state transitions with assoc. est. probabilities.

Five biggest myths about the COVID-19 vaccines, debunked. (n.d.). Fortune. Retrieved April 29, 2022, from https://fortune.com/2021/10/02/five-biggest-myths-covid-19-vaccines/

indie_SAGE. (2021, November 26). Indie_SAGE 26.11.21. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_2qSZksPdeM

股东积极主义（英语：Shareholder activism），，也被称为股东行动主义[1]，是一种通过行使股东权利而向公司管理层施压的一种投资策略，行使股东积极主义的股东就被称为积极股东（Activist shareholder）。积极股东的诉求有财务方面的，也有非财务方面的。积极股东希望能够通过行使股东积极主义影响公司的决策，从而实现自己的诉求。

Dr Greg Kelly. (2021, July 5). #COVID19 & kids “Doctors say Australia needs to better protect school kids from #COVID19 through measures incl masks & vaccination” Thanks @sophiescott2 & @leonie_thorne @abcnews for informed & non alarmist article feat me & @NjbBari3 Thread🧵👇 #LongCovid #LongCovidKids [Tweet]. @drgregkelly. https://twitter.com/drgregkelly/status/1412160336497561604

Natalie E. Dean, PhD. (2021, May 4). The imminent FDA authorization of a vaccine for 12-15 year olds is great news, and adolescents should be able to access vaccine. But in the short term, we must also grapple with the ethics of vaccinating adolescents ahead of high-risk adults in other countries. [Tweet]. @nataliexdean. https://twitter.com/nataliexdean/status/1389381649314598914

Study finds brain changes similarly to Alzheimer’s after COVID-19. (n.d.). The Jerusalem Post | JPost.Com. Retrieved March 31, 2022, from https://www.jpost.com/health-and-wellness/coronavirus/article-696565

Exercises

2.1.b

Counterexample: \(\to := {(a, c), (b, c)}\)

2.3

\(a \to b\) iff \(a\) encodes Turing machine \(M_a\) and \(b\) encodes a valid terminating computation (sequence of states) of \(M_a\).

2.9

Let \(|w|_a := \varphi_a(w)\).

\(\varphi(w) := 3^{|w|_a} 2^{|w|_b}\)

Proof

1. Let \(u \to_1 v\). Then \(\varphi(v) = 3^{|v|_a} 2^{|v|_b} = 3^{|u|_a+1} 2^{|u|_b-2} = 3^{|u|_a} 2^{|u|_b} \frac{3}{4} = \varphi(u) \frac{3}{4} < \varphi(u)\).
2. Let \(u \to_2 v\). Then \(\varphi(v) = 3^{|v|_a} 2^{|v|_b} = 3^{|u|_a-1} 2^{|u|_b+1} = 3^{|u|_a} 2^{|u|_b} \frac{2}{3} = \varphi(u) \frac{2}{3} < \varphi(u)\).

2.17

No.

Let \(a > b\). Then \([b^n a | n \in [0, 1, \ldots]]\) is an infinite chain according to \(>_{Lex}\).

Note: This exercise completes the discussion of Lemma 2.4.3.

4.2

Let \(s, t\) be terms. Run BFS from \(s\) using \(\leftrightarrow^E\). If \(t\) is encountered, conclude that \(s \approx_E t\). If the BFS finishes enumerating the equivalence class without encountering \(t\), conclude that \(\lnot s \approx_E t\).

4.4

Let \(x \in Var(r) \setminus Var(l)\). Let \(p\) be a position of \(x\) in \(r\).

Infinite chain:

• \(t_0 = x\)
• \(t_{i+1} = r[t_i]_p\)

4.18

1. a
   • Unifier: \({x \to h(a), y \to h(a)}\)
   • Matcher: \({x \to h(a), y \to x}\)
2. b
   • Unifier: Unsolvable
   • Matcher: \({x \to h(x), y \to x}\)
3. c
   • Unifier: \({x \to h(y), z \to b}\)
   • Matcher: Unsolvable
4. d
   • Unifier: Unsolvable
   • Matcher: Unsolvable

5.2

Counterexample TRS \(R\):

1. \(a \to b\)
2. \(b \to b\)

Manuela Macedonia's research indicates that online learners who enact specific gestures as they learn words learn better and have longer retention versus simply hearing words. Students who mimic these gestures also learn better than those who only see the gestures and don't use them themselves.

How might this sort of teacher/avatar gesturing be integrated into online methods? How would students be encouraged to follow along?

Could these be integrated into different background settings as well to take advantage of visual memory?

Anecdotally, I remember some Welsh phrases from having watched Aran Jones interact with his cat outside on video or his lip syncing in the empty spaces requiring student responses. Watching the teachers lips while learning can be highly helpful as well.

People are more likely to remember points from talks that are accompanied by gestures. This effect apparently increases with time.

What does the effect of time have on increased lengths? Does it continue to increase and then decrease at some point? Anecdotally I often recall quotes and instances from movies based on movements that I make.

What effects, if any, are seen in studies of mirror-neurons and those with impairment of them? What memory effects might be seen with those on the autism spectrum who don't have strong mirror-neuron responses? If this is impaired, what might account for their improved memories for some types of material? Which types of material do they have improved memories for?

Is the same true of drawing points from a speech using the ideas of sketchnotes? Is drawing an extension of gestural improvement of memory?

ReconfigBehSci. (2022, February 20). RT @Gemma_clark14: Great video of @dgurdasani1 discussing the Covid stats and the effect on children #LongCovidKids https://t.co/T8t4G3Rfpw [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1495705778044510214

Tapper, J. (2022, March 5). Covid pandemic sparks steep rise in number of people in UK with long-term illness. The Observer. https://www.theguardian.com/society/2022/mar/05/covid-pandemic-sparks-steep-rise-in-number-of-people-in-uk-with-long-term-illness

Active inhibition is the filter that prevents our minds from being constantly flooded with memories and allows us to focus. It acts as a barrier between our long term memories and our immediate present.

Is the filter behind active inhibition really active or is it passive? What is the actual physiological mechanism?

Schreiber, M. (2022, February 18). Covid infection increases risk of mental health disorders, study finds. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/feb/18/covid-infection-increases-risk-mental-health-disorder-study

Dr Ellie Murray, ScD 🇨🇦. (2022, February 18). If you have a little one who’s getting a vaccine soon but feeling a bit scared, this new book from @JanZauzmer is quite cute & might help them preview the experience. #VaccinesSaveLives https://t.co/MRngUYWsOJ [Tweet]. @EpiEllie. https://twitter.com/EpiEllie/status/1494695602248200198

The Zeigarnik effect is the idea that open or pending tasks tend to occupy our short-term memory until they are done or our brain is otherwise convinced that they're "finished". This is why note taking can be valuable. By writing down small things, we can free up our short-term or working memories to focus or work on other potentially more important tasks. It is named for Soviet psychologist Bluma Zeigarnik.

The Zeigarnik effect is some of the value behind David Allen's "Getting Things Done" system. Writing down to do lists tricks our mind into freeing up space from things we need to take care of. If they're really important, we've got a list and can then take care of them. Meanwhile our working memories are freed up for other tasks.

APPG on Coronavirus. (2022, January 18). 🗣Dr.Claire Steves continued: “Looking in the national core studies, from cohort studies across the UK we’ve looked at 10 different longitudinal studies. Our best estimates are that about 5% of middle aged people are experiencing long term.. 27/ #APPGCoronavirus #LongCovid [Tweet]. @AppgCoronavirus. https://twitter.com/AppgCoronavirus/status/1483453895061999618

Deepti Gurdasani. (2022, February 8). Exactly this 👇 We never talk about the huge benefits mitigations have had in reducing other respiratory illnesses... Which means deaths from other causes have reduced. Excess deaths are not a good indicator of COVID-19 deaths—Which we should be doing a lot more to prevent! [Tweet]. @dgurdasani1. https://twitter.com/dgurdasani1/status/1491123632349024256

ReconfigBehSci on Twitter: ‘RT @T2Fox61: .@YaleMed immunobiologist @VirusesImmunity leading research into long #COVID19. @FOX61News https://t.co/oyZSGwRNcS’ / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved 13 February 2022, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1484805325886832640

COVID-19 takes serious toll on heart health—A full year after recovery. (n.d.). Retrieved February 11, 2022, from https://www.science.org/content/article/covid-19-takes-serious-toll-heart-health-full-year-after-recovery

AbScent. (2022, February 7). ⁦the study quoted here looked at an 18 month time interval. In our Covid19 FB group of 34.5k, we have reports of recovery after 18 months—2 years is not unknown @Dr_Ellie⁩ ⁦@MailOnline⁩ https://t.co/5DdXDWLBSQ [Tweet]. @AbScentUK. https://twitter.com/AbScentUK/status/1490636119322644484

A cause of America’s labor shortage: Millions with long COVID. (n.d.). Retrieved February 2, 2022, from https://www.cbsnews.com/news/long-covid-labor-market-missing-workers/

Routen, A., O’Mahoney, L., Ayoubkhani, D., Banerjee, A., Brightling, C., Calvert, M., Chaturvedi, N., Diamond, I., Eggo, R., Elliott, P., Evans, R. A., Haroon, S., Herret, E., O’Hara, M. E., Shafran, R., Stanborough, J., Stephenson, T., Sterne, J., Ward, H., & Khunti, K. (2022). Understanding and tracking the impact of long COVID in the United Kingdom. Nature Medicine, 28(1), 11–15. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-021-01591-4

ReconfigBehSci. (2022, January 21). RT @IndependentSage: Today at 1.30pm, Independent SAGE will discuss shaping policy to help Long Covid sufferers, with special guests includ… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1484475503394406402

Tech solutionism can often seem useful because it appears to be cheaper, simpler, and easier to implement than making more difficult choices and larger, necessary social changes.

One needs to always ask what is the real underlying problem? What other methods are there for potential solutions? What are the knock-on effects of these potential solutions. Is the particular solution really just a quick fix or bandaid? Once implemented how will one measure the effects and adjust after-the-fact?

Up the line to death: Covid-19 has revealed a mortal betrayal of the world’s healthcare workers. (2021, January 29). The BMJ. https://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2021/01/29/up-the-line-to-death-covid-19-has-revealed-a-mortal-betrayal-of-the-worlds-healthcare-workers/

Banerjee, A. (2022, January 12). I’m leading a long Covid trial – it’s clear Britain has underestimated its impact. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2022/jan/12/long-covid-trial-britain-short-term-virus