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    1. თუკი ევროკავშირი მართლაც შეაჩერებს საქართველოს მოქალაქეებისთვის უვიზო მიმოსვლას, გამოკითხულთა ნახევარზე ოდნავ მეტი (51%) პასუხისმგებლობას „ქართულ ოცნებას“ და მის ლიდერს, ბიძინა ივანიშვილს აკისრებს. ასეთ შემთხვევაში 18-34 წლის ახალგაზრდები უფრო მეტად მიიჩნევენ პასუხისმგებლად „ქართულ ოცნებას“/ივანიშვილს, ვიდრე უფროსი ასაკის მოქალაქეები. ასევე, დედაქალაქში მცხოვრებნი მმართველ გუნდს პასუხისმგებლობას უფრო მეტად აკისრებენ, ვიდრე სხვა ქალაქებსა და სოფლებში მცხოვრებნი. საინტერესოა, რომ განათლების დონის მიხედვით ამ ნაწილში დიდი განსხვავებები არ გამოიკვეთა.

      გამოკითხვის მიხედვით, ბევრი ადამიანი ხელისუფლებას ადანაშაულებს, თუ ევროკავშირი უვიზო მიმოსვლას შეაჩერებს. მე ვფიქრობ, ეს იმიტომ ხდება, რომ ხალხი მთავრობისგან ელის, რომ პრობლემებს სწორედ ისინი მოაგვარონ. განსაკუთრებით ახალგაზრდები არიან კრიტიკული, რადგან ეს საკითხი მათ მომავალს უშუალოდ ეხება და მათთვის მნიშვნელოვანია ცვლილებებია. დედაქალაქში კი კრიტიკა უფრო დიდია, რაც ალბათ მათ ინფორმირებულობას და პოლიტიკურ ჩართულობას აჩვენებს. განათლების დონე აქ ნაკლებად მნიშვნელოვან ფაქტორად ითვლება, რაც ჩემი აზრით, მეტყველებს იმაზე, რომ ეს უფრო პოლიტიკურად არის განპირობებული.

    2. უვიზო მიმოსვლის პრაქტიკული გამოყენება ევროინტეგრაციის გზაზე, 2017 წლის 28 მარტიდან საქართველოში ევროკავშირთან უვიზო მიმოსვლის რეჟიმი ამოქმედდა. გამოკითხვის შედეგების თანახმად, ბოლო რვა წლის განმავლობაში მოსახლეობის 22%-მა ერთხელ მაინც იმოგზაურა ევროკავშირის ქვეყანაში უვიზოდ. ახალგაზრდებში (18-34) ეს მაჩვენებელი 33%-ს აღწევს, საშუალო ასაკის მოქალაქეებში – 23%-ს, ხოლო უფროსი ასაკის მოსახლეობაში – 12%-ს. კაცების უფრო დიდი ნაწილი (26%) იყო ევროკავშირში უვიზოდ, ვიდრე ქალების (18%). დედაქალაქის მაცხოვრებლებსა და უმაღლესი განათლების მქონე მოქალაქეებს უფრო მეტად უმოგზაურიათ უვიზოდ, ვიდრე სოფლის ან განათლების შედარებით დაბალ საფეხურზე მყოფ ადამიანებს.

      ბევრმა შეიძლება იფიქროს, რომ უვიზო მიმოსვლამ ყველას მისცა ევროკავშირში მოგზაურობის შანსი, მაგრამ რეალობაში ასე არ არის, მოსახლეობის მხოლოდ 22%-მა გამოიყენა ეს შესაძლებლობა. ახალგაზრდებში ეს მაჩვენებელი აშკარად უფრო მაღალია (33%), ეს შეიძლება იმით აიხსნას, რომ მათ უფრო ხშირად აქვთ ფინანსური რესურსი ან სურვილი მოგზაურობის. კაცებისა და დედაქალაქის მცხოვრებთა უფრო მაღალი მაჩვენებელი კი მიანიშნებს, რომ სოციალური და ეკონომიკური პირობები მნიშვნელოვან როლს თამაშობს იმაში, ვის შეუძლია რეალურად ისარგებლოს უვიზო რეჟიმით. ფაქტობრივად, თავისუფალი გადაადგილების უფლება ყველისთვის ხელმისაწვდომი არაა ზოგისთვის ეს უფრო თეორიული შესაძლებლობად რჩება.

    3. საქართველოს მოსახლეობაში კვლავ მაღალია ევროკავშირში გაწევრიანების მიმართ მხარდაჭერა. ევროკავშირის წევრობას გამოკითხულთა 78% ემხრობა. ახალგაზრდებში (18-34) საქართველოს ევროკავშირში გაწევრიანების მხარდაჭერის მაჩვენებელი კიდევ უფრო მაღალია – 86%. უფროს ასაკობრივ ჯგუფებში მხარდაჭერის მაჩვენებლები მცირედით იკლებს, თუმცა, ევროკავშირში გაწევრიანებას მაინც დიდი უმრავლესობა უჭერს მხარს: 35-54 წლის კატეგორიაში 76%, ხოლო 55+ ასაკობრივ ჯგუფში – 71%. სქესის მიხედვით განსხვავება პრაქტიკულად არ ფიქსირდება, თუმცა, დედაქალაქის მოსახლეობაში მხარდაჭერა უფრო მაღალია, ვიდრე რეგიონებში.

      საინტერესოა, რომ მოსახლეობის უმრავლესობა — 78% — მხარს უჭერს ევროკავშირში გაწევრიანებას, განსაკუთრებით ახალგაზრდები (86%). მგონია, ეს აჩვენებს, რომ ახალგაზრდები უფრო პროევროპულები და გახსნილები არიან, ალბათ იმ მიზეზით, რომ მეტი კონტაქტი აქვთ ევროპულ კულტურასთან და განათლებასთან. უფროს თაობებში მხარდაჭერა ოდნავ ნაკლებია, რაც შეიძლება ისტორიულმა გამოცდილებამ ან ევროკავშირის მიმართ სკეპტიციზმმა განაპირობა. ასევე კარგია, რომ სქესის მიხედვით განსხვავება თითქმის არ ჩანს — თემა აშკარად ერთიანად აღიქმება საზოგადოებაში.

    1. In many ways, being critical is easier than being generative. Our society values criticism much more than it does creation, constantly engaging us in judging and analyzing rather than generating and creating things. It’s also easy to provide vague, high level critical feedback like “Yeah, it’s good” or “Not great, could be improved”. This type of critique sounds like feedback, but it’s not particularly constructive feedback, leading to alternatives or new insights.

      I personally think this kind of shallow criticism is mainly due to the heavy influence of social media. Platforms like Instagram, Twitter, and TikTok encourage quick, surface-level reactions, likes, emojis, or short comments, rather than thoughtful, in-depth feedback. People are trained to respond instantly, often prioritizing attention or social approval over meaningful engagement. This environment promotes brief, generalized judgments such as ‘cool’ or ‘not my vibe’ instead of nuanced suggestions or creative insights, which can make it harder for individuals to practice giving or receiving constructive criticism in more substantial contexts.

    1. Next, in step four, you generate sub-questions from your main question. For instance, “During the 19th century, what were some of the competing theories about how life is created?,” and “Did any of Mary Shelley’s other works relate to the creation of life?” After you know what sub-questions you want to pursue, you’ll be able to move to step five.

      You need more confirmations to answer your question, so your answer can be supported.

    2. Decide on the topic. Narrow the topic in order to narrow search parameters. Consider a question that your research will address. Generate sub-questions from your main question. Determine what kind of sources are best for your argument. Create a bibliography as you gather and reference sources.

      These points will make the research process more orderly with better results.

    3. You would also not want to search for a single instance of surgery because you might not be able to find enough information on it. Find a happy medium between a too-broad or too-specific topic to research.

      There must be a balance in the research to have enough information and not waste time searching for unnecessary things.

    4. As you accumulate sources, make sure you create a bibliography, or a list of sources that you’ve used in your research and writing process (keeping track of those sources will help you to create you annotated bibliography, should your instructor require one

      at the end of your paper make sure to add every reference source and your writing process

    5. When you find a book that is written about your topic, check the bibliography for references that you can try to find yourself.

      when you find a book or article for your topic click on the bibliography to find other reference points for your topic

    6. Your main research question should be substantial enough to form the guiding principle of your paper—but focused enough to guide your research. A strong research question requires you not only to find information but also to put together different pieces of information, interpret and analyze them, and figure out what you think.

      the main question of your paper should be big enough to be supported throughout the paper

    7. Once you have a list of potential topics, you will need to choose one as the focus of your essay. You will also need to narrow your topic. Most writers find that the topics listed during the brainstorming or idea mapping stage are broad

      with the potential topics brainstorm to find a more precise topic to talk about, make sure to not be too broad or too narrow

    8. You may also use the list as a starting point to help you identify additional, related topics. Discussing your ideas with your instructor will help ensure that you choose a manageable topic that fits the requirements of the assignment.

      first step is to discuss the potential topic ideas that fit the criteria of the assignment

    9. Another part of your research plan should include the type of sources you want to gather. The possibilities include articles, scholarly journals, primary sources, textbooks, encyclopedias, and more.

      a section of a research paper should include what type of sources you want to use

    10. The research process allows you to gain expertise on a topic of your choice, and the writing process helps you not only remember what you have learned, but also understand it on a deeper level.

      research papers are a great way to become more knowledgeable in a topic

    11. research paper is an expanded essay that relies on existing discourse to analyze a perspective or construct an argument. Because a research paper includes an extensive information-gathering process in addition to the writing process, it is important to develop a research plan to ensure your final paper will accomplish its goals.

      a research paper is an extended essay that use mounds of information to support an argument, its important to make a research plan to accomplish this completely

    12. You will need to put your thoughts together in a logical, coherent manner. You may want to use the facts you have learned to create a narrative or to support an argument.

      end goal of researching is to be able to use facts to supports your argument.

    13. The text Successful Writing stresses that when you perform research, you are essentially trying to solve a mystery—you want to know how something works or why something happened. In other words, you want to answer a question that you (and other people) have about the world. This is one of the most basic reasons for performing research.

      researching a topic is you trying to solve a mystery and answering common questions

    1. HTML is precisely what we were trying to PREVENT— ever-breaking links, links going outward only, quotes you can't follow to their origins, no version management, no rights management.

      The implementation of automatic, precise backlinks in LaTeX can be found here: https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/722065/309711 and https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.17224.

      Now, we need someone to pioneer a similar achievement on the internet.

      I believe SilverBullet will mark the beginning of that revolution.

    1. Readers might wonder, “Why are they not paid enough?” But this statement does not compel them to ask many more questions. The writer should ask himself or herself questions in order to replace the linking verb with an action verb, thus forming a stronger thesis statement, one that takes a more definitive stance on the issue:

      The use of linking verbs creates more questions for the reader that should already be answered.

    2. A joke means many things to many people. Readers bring all sorts of backgrounds and perspectives to the reading process and would need clarification for a word so vague. This expression may also be too informal for the selected audience.

      It has to be more specific, and professional, not using vague words

    3. The best way to revise your thesis statement is to ask questions about it and then examine the answers to those questions. By challenging your own ideas and forming definite reasons for those ideas, you grow closer to a more precise point of view, which you can then incorporate into your thesis statement.

      question your thesis until its fully supported

    4. In addition to creating authority in your thesis statement, you must also use confidence in your claim. Phrases such as “I feel” or “I believe” actually weaken the readers’ sense of your confidence because these phrases imply that you are the only person who feels the way you do. In other words, your stance has insufficient backing.

      confidence strengthens thesis, using "I feel" or "I believe" weakens the power of the claim you are attempting to make.

    5. A thesis statement must present a relevant and specific argument. A factual statement often is not considered arguable. Be sure your thesis statement contains a point of view that can be supported with evidence.

      thesis but be able to supported with evidence with certain POV's

    6. A thesis statement must concentrate on a specific area of a general topic. As you may recall, the creation of a thesis statement begins when you choose a broad subject and then narrow down its parts until you pinpoint a specific aspect of that topic.

      thesis helps concentrate a general topic to smaller narrow sections

    7. The textbook Successful Writing explains that writers need a thesis statement to provide a specific focus for their essay and to organize what they will discuss in the body of their writing. A thesis statement is an argumentative central claim in a paper; the entire paper is focused on demonstrating that claim as a valid perspective. Your thesis statement should be in your introduction because you must make sure that the audience is aware of your paper’s intent so that there is clarity from the outset.

      Thesis statement gives a focus on what the essay is about, the are an argumentative introduction for the central idea of the essay

    8. It is specific and focuses on one to three points of a single idea—points that will be demonstrated in the body.

      The thesis is specific to the main topic, relating ideas will be supported in the body paragraphs.

  2. social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
    1. StrucciMovies. FAKE FRIENDS EPISODE ONE: intro to parasocial relationships. August 2017. URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x3vD_CAYt4g (visited on 2023-11-24).

      I find this video very interesting because it explain how authentic parasocial relationships can feel. These relationships can seem just as emotionally real as actual friendship by providing a sense of connection through posts, stories, and livestreams, even though we don't truly know the people online. For example, when someone leaves a comment for an influencer, and the influencer replies, it can give the person a false expectation that they've established a real friendship. In reality, this emotional connection is one- sided. I think it is very important to understand influencer culture. Platforms often encourage this dynamic to keep people engaged, making these interactions less about genuine connection and more about marketing. I think it is important for people to stay rational and aware when using social media, so they can enjoy the content without confusing the parasocial relationships.

    2. Code-switching. November 2023. Page Version ID: 1185649746. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Code-switching&oldid=1185649746 (visited on 2023-11-24).

      This basically links to a Wikipedia page about code switching. Essentially, it means to change the way you speak depending on your surroundings or who you are interacting with. I find myself doing this more based on who I am interacting with but it varies by different people.

  3. social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
    1. Authenticity is a rich concept, loaded with several connotations. To describe something as authentic, we are often talking about honesty, in that the thing is what it claims to be. But we also describe something as authentic when we want to say that it offers a certain kind of connection. A knock-off designer item does not offer the purchaser the same sort of connection to the designer brand that an authentic item does. Authenticity in connection requires honesty about who we are and what we’re doing; it also requires that there be some sort of reality to the connection that is supposedly being made between parties.

      This concept definition really resonated with me and made me think about the reality of the old and new twitter, specifically the verified tag. People used to listen and authenticate people online based on their verification tags, such as celebrities. Nowadays, that aspect is taken away because the verification tag can be bought now so it removes that barrier from fake/real.

    1. Where do you see parasocial relationships on social media?

      I think this is very common these days. Influencers often like to share their daily routines or emotions through posts, stories or livestreams. Fans might feel that they have a strong emotional connection with the influencer because they know them very well, even though the relationship is entirely one-sided. People might even leave comments asking influencers to post more videos. I think Parasocial relationship can feel authentic in some ways, because watching influencer's video can be relaxing and joyful. However, they can also become dangerous if people become too obsessed and develop false or unrealistic expectations about the relationship.

    1. I talk about how we can support lobbyists and vote intelligently so that we aren’t inadvertently supporting th

      offers solutions: changing laws and raising awareness

    2. if concept art isn’t safe, no creative jobs are safe, and if no creative jobs are safe, then no jobs are safe.

      warns that all creative freelancers are at risk, not just concept artists.

    3. , but the sheer creativity of it was alarming. Receiving so many options without engaging your brain for any creative work…well, I thought to myself, “There goes concept art as a career.”

      fewer jobs and lower pay for artists.

    4. I saw a free app that could take a portrait and make a disturbingly good stylized version in one click. I could easily envision how most people would stop paying illustrators for avatars when they could do it themselves for free.

      People now use free AI instead of paying freelance artists, which means artists are losing income.

    5. I predicted they would eventually threaten the livelihoods of portrait and concept artists.

      believed early on that AI would take away jobs, freelancers are being replaced faster than expected.

    6. I started my career as a graphic, web, and digital designer a little over 2 decades ago, and I’ve steadily watched work opportunities dry up. This started with unskilled template users flooding the market and ramping up exponentially with the advent of Wix and their aggressive marketing

      Tools like Wix let people build websites without hiring designers. This is similar to AI taking over art jobs today. Both have hurt freelancers chances to earn money.

    7. Over the past 20 years, I’ve watched with horror as automation, greed, and exploitation has laid waste to the field of graphic and web design, and now the rise of AI generative art threatens to do even worse to concept artists and illustrators.

      This suggests that freelancers are losing jobs and income because of AI.

    1. Game playing programs have done much to popularize AI

      Game-playing programs can play simple games and are now getting better at harder games.

    2. Another important area of AI research has been natural language processing (NLP).

      Natural language processing (NLP) tries to give computers the ability to understand natural human language, like English. It tries to go over grammar and attempts to assign the correct meanings to words. It's tough to do since there are variations of languages.

    3. Pattern recognition is the most common type of problem for machine learning applications.

      Pattern recognition is common for machine learning applications. There are also face recognition, speech recognition, and handwritten letter recognition.

    4. Another successful AI technology has been machine learning

      Machine learning, which makes machines learn from experience. It is useful to solve problems.

    5. One AI technology that had early real-world applications was the expert system

      An expert system uses a large amount of knowledge about small areas that it solves problems for. DENDRAL is the first system that has to do with science and common patterns. MYCIN uses rules for uncertainty as probability weights on inferences.

    6. The Stanford Research Institute Problem Solver (STRIPS) was an early planner that used a language to describe actions that is still widely used and enhanced.

      STRIPS used a language for action description, preconditions of the action, and the effect.

    7. AI research focused around the key aspects of intelligent behavior including automated reasoning, decision making, machine learning, machine vision, natural language processing, pattern recognition, automated planning, problem solving, and robot control.

      AI had research that was about decision making, planning, problem solving, and natural language processing. Building machines to outthink humans was their goal.

    1. But ten years later, when we were designing the first Macintosh computer, it all came back to me. And we designed it all into the Mac.

      This is incredible reflecting. How cool it is to know, he implemented something he thought so little of, into something he thought so much of.

    2. And here I was, spending all of the money my parents had saved their entire life.

      This is very relatable. For someone who has gone to college, with no genuine motivation to complete the degree you signed up for, you feel like you are wasting your parents hard earrned money.

    3. And this is the closest I’ve ever gotten to a college graduation.

      This, to me, is a powerful illustration. A man that never graduated, standing in front of graduates, giving a speech is a real turn of events.

    1. Although the species has yet to beconfirmed in the southern part of the Bay of Biscay as well as in northernBrittany, in situ surveys and observations should be maintained to monitorpotential sprea

      Need monitoring and protections for these area

    2. The Bay of Biscay is the leading French region for bivalve exploitation,mainly the Pacific oyster Magallana gigas (Thunberg, 1793) and the bluemussel Mytilus edulis Linnaeus 1758, accounting for approximately 1400shellfish farming companies

      Potential for major economic imapct

    1. Con 1

      Cons: Can cause mass unemployment by robots taking over jobs. AI can give misinformation and make people lazy. Using AI bots to do everything for you, research, write your papers, and answer problems. Students are undermining education goals by using AI, which they will eventually suffer from. Increased laziness and lack of motivation since AI makes their choices for them. Dangerous privacy risks with things like being watched without your knowledge with facial recognition. Following the shopping patterns of people.

    2. Pro 1

      Pros: Can make life more convenient. It can make work easier, especially for students. AI did not take away reading or writing; it can create personalized content based on their interests. Give resources, videos, and activities that fit the student. Help with ways to study, help with task management. It can even help people with disabilities navigate the internet and everyday life.

    3. Google’s AI chatbot Gemini began skewing historical events by generating images of racially diverse 1940s German Nazi soldiers and Catholic popes (including a Black female pope). Republican lawmakers accused Google of promoting leftist ideology and spreading disinformation through its AI tool.

      Google's AI Gemini was giving wrong information about historical events, making them biased towards leftist ideology. And, creating racially diverse images. There are fears that AI could undermine democratic elections.

    4. Despite such precautions, experts noted that many of the new standards would be difficult to enforce, especially as new concerns and controversies over AI evolve almost daily. AI developers, for example, have faced criticism for using copyrighted work to train AI models and for politically skewing AI-produced information. Generative programs such as ChatGPT

      Even with precautions, it's hard to enforce. AI programs like ChatGPT claim they give original information, but they break copyright laws, so now they need permission to use some information like Encyclopedia Britannica.

    5. Kamala Harris stated, “We have a moral, ethical and societal duty to make sure that A.I. is adopted and advanced in a way that protects the public from potential harm.

      Biden signed an executive order for AI safety and security to protect Americans' privacy and protect from harm.

    6. Now, artificial intelligence is used for a variety of everyday implementations including facial recognition software, online shopping algorithms, search engines, digital assistants like Siri and Alexa, translation services, automated safety functions on cars, cybersecurity, airport body scanning security, poker playing strategy, and fighting disinformation on social media.

      AI is used for many things now like facial recognition, searching online, Siri and Alexa, and translation services.

    7. He later created the computer programming language LISP (which is still used in AI)

      John McCarthy created LISP, a programming language still used, with first-hand hand-eye capabilities.

    8. he modern notion of AI largely began when Alan Turing, who contributed to breaking the Nazi’s Enigma code during World War II, created the Turing test to determine if a computer is capable of “thinking.” The value and legitimacy of the test have long been debated

      Determining if a computer can think by testing it out.

    9. “Not one of those myths has a good ending once the artificial beings are sent to Earth. It’s almost as if the myths say that it’s great to have these artificial things up in heaven used by the gods. But once they interact with humans, we get chaos and destruction.”

      Seems like artificial beings are great when used by the gods in heaven, but chaos on Earth.

    10. “Our ability to imagine artificial intelligence goes back to ancient times. Long before technological advances made self-moving devices possible, ideas about creating artificial life and robots were explored in ancient myths.”

      Artificial intelligence was thought of in ancient times; they had ideas about creating AI, and explored robots.

    11. Artificial intelligence (AI) is the use of “computers and machines to mimic the problem-solving and decision-making capabilities of the human mind,” according to IBM.

      AI is computers that act like a human and problem solve.

    1. A diferencia de la escritura, no es claro cuál es el beneficio concreto que pueda traernos la inteligencia artificial para que se justifique su eventual omnipresencia (y el atrofiamiento que ella implica).

      Esa parte me llamó mucho la atención porque siento que tiene razón. Hoy todo el mundo habla de la inteligencia artificial como si fuera algo que va a solucionarlo todo, pero en realidad todavía no sabemos si nos está ayudando tanto como creemos o si más bien nos está volviendo cómodos. A veces parece que dependemos demasiado de ella y se nos olvida pensar o crear por nuestra cuenta. Yo creo que, como con todo, lo importante es usarla con medida, sin dejar que nos quite lo que nos hace humanos.

    1. The central goal for curriculum in the 21st century is a focus on the construction of knowledge that encourages students to create information that has value for them and helps them gain new skills. Developing curriculum that is based in the real world also encourages student participation and supports them in understanding the knowledge rooted in the core subjects. Additionally, this will provide students with the opportunity to develop civic, financial, environmental, and health literacies as well as global awareness.

      This is so promising! This makes updating rigorous teacher pre-service training increasingly important. I wonder how the rest of the world can follow this path? There are countries where the education system is still relatively backward, even as the world becomes a big village. Will technology make education accessible to everyone, wherever they are, with or without trained teachers? I believe this is feasible, and I cannot wait.

    1. n this model, the receiver is actively involved in finding an innovation to solve their own unique problem. The model is flexible enough to encompass all types of innovations, including materials, methods, and groupings of learners.

      I find all three approaches enriching, but I have a preference for this one. It might be because I am used to this project in development project proposal writing, but having the receiver's input is key to me. Identifying the need and getting receiver involved adds to the potential for relevance and success.

    1. Art. 220
      • O modo de provar a existência de ato deve ser igual ao modo provar a existência de anuência ou autorização de terceiro. (Simetria de formas)

      • A anuência ou autorização do terceiro, sempre que possível, constará no próprio instrumento.

    2. indevidamente recebeu um imóvel

      Recebeu imóvel indevidamente: - Se há alienação de boa-fé = responde o alienante pela quantia recebida; - Se há alienação de má-fé = responde pelo valor do imóvel + perdas e danos.

    3. direitos contestados em juízo
      • Via de regra, transação ou se faz por escritura pública ou por instrumento particular, a depender das exigências legais.

      • Tratando-se de direitos objeto de ação judicial, a transação poderá ser firmada por escritura pública ou termo nos autos a ser assinado pelas partes e homologado pelo juiz.

      • Não cabe, assim, instrumento particular para transação sobre direitos litigiosos.

    1. Loving something means caring enough to critique it, and we need the courage to do so on the dashboard’s home turf: the feed. Accept cringe and lower metrics in service of a higher purpose.

      you don’t understand distortion power

    2. And here’s the problem: Dashboard Culture has reigned supreme without any meaningful critique — not because we embraced it, but because so many abandoned the field to go Camo. Fifteen-second debate “owns” are the closest we get to public intelligent deliberation nowadays — but it’s just “critique” designed for and by the dashboard. No depth or sustenance. Just empty calorie spectacle.

      that is not why

    3. Camouflage Culture is the dinner party you’re not invited to, Substack paywalls, algo-speak, double meaning emojis, linguistic drift and slang, Chatham House Rules, three hour podcasts, IYKYK, ephemerality, anonymity, vibes, group chats, off-off-broadway, Yondr phone-locking pouches, the One Piece flag, deep-fried memes, Skibidi, niche subreddits, members-only clubs, and printed zines.

      do we just want to believe this matters

    4. Noise. Sensationalism. Spectacle. Reptilian-brain inducing pageantry.Does it register as a metric on the dashboard? If so, good.If you are not loud, you do not exist culturally, politically, or socially.

      pressure to amplify

    5. With this collapse of distance, no meaningful aesthetic, language, moment or movement can mature and stabilize.Immediate coinage, brand participation, monetization, and outrage is imminent.

      no social space for it

    6. Today, with the immediacy of our digital networks and global participation, reflective distance has collapsed.There’s no room to wink online.No space to deeply criticize.No opportunity for friction.No time for aging.

      there are these things but not in your feed

    7. Kitsch says “this is genuinely beautiful to me,” while Camp says “this is so bad it’s good.” The crucial difference here is distance. The gap between the sincere gnome’s owner and its liberators is where Camp lives.

      thought there was more here

    8. Susan Sontag defined Camp as “failed seriousness,” the ironic appreciation of something striving and missing.“Camp sees everything in quotation marks.”

      legible

    1. 这个结论如下:“在一种企求阐明世界历史的理论宣布40年以后,古代希腊、罗马和德意志历史对这一理论来说仍然是些不解之谜,这是不足为奇的;而解开这些哑谜的钥匙,第一,是由一个与经济唯物主义理论完全无关、一点也不知道这个理论的人找到的;第二,是借助非经济因素找到的。‘人自身的生产’这一术语,即子女生产,使人觉得有点可笑,而恩格斯却抓住这个术语,以便同经济唯物主义基本公式保持哪怕是字面上的联系。可是,恩格斯不得不承认,人类的生活在许多世纪内都不是按照这个公式形成的。”

      没看懂,这里说的 理论宣布40年以后 的理论,指的是马恩的唯物主义吗?那“是由一个与经济唯物主义理论完全无关、一点也不知道这个理论的人找到的”指的是什么,是摩尔根的《古代社会》吗?

    Annotators

    1. The first is that the teacher and coach plan together,

      I enjoy planning together and modeling or co-teaching together. When reflecting on my goals for this coming year, I realized I have not done as much of this so far this year. I have let other responsibilities get in the way of this very necessary aspect of my role. Yes, this will be a priority for my upcoming work with teachers.

    1. How would you describe the rhyme scheme, and does it seem appropriate for the subject matter?

      the rhyme scheme was a little bit all over the place but it matches how the poem is all over the place as well.

    2. What is the poem about, and how does the rhyme contribute to the meaning and overall effect?

      it is about a woman who got left at the altar, the rhyming makes you follow along and brings a lightheartedness to the initial love story.

    1. How would you describe the imagery, and what does it contribute to

      the imagery shows a busy train car, and it helps to understand the tensions between the two of them in the packed train.

    1. I need scarcely, therefore, disclaim all intention to have deceived the Mexican plenipotentiaries by the argument I used on that occasion.

      Observation: Interpretation: Connection: Observation: The speaker said they didn’t try to trick the Mexican leaders.

      Interpretation: This shows the speaker wanted to be honest and fair in their talks.

      Connection: It connects to how the U.S. wanted to keep good and trusting relationships with other countries.

      What I learned connects to my connection because both are about honesty and trust between countries. The speaker wanted to show they were telling the truth, just like how the U.S. wanted to be seen as fair. This matters because trust helped the U.S. stay peaceful with other nations.

      Contingency: What happened depended on what people said and did at that time. If the speaker’s words were taken the wrong way, it could have caused problems or hurt trust between the two countries.

    2. On the ensuing day, notes, couched in exactly the same words, were received by both Mr. Ward and myself. I objected to the language and waited upon Mr. Alaman to state my objections.

      Observation: The speaker and Mr. Ward got letters that said the same thing, and the speaker told Mr. Alaman he didn’t like the wording.

      Interpretation: This shows the speaker wanted the message to sound fair and respectful.

      Connection: It connects to how the U.S. wanted to be treated equally and respected by other countries.

      What I learned connects to my connection because both are about respect and fairness between countries. The speaker didn’t like the way the letter was written, just like how the U.S. wanted to be treated as equal. This matters because it shows leaders cared about how their country was seen by others.

      Context: At that time, the way people wrote or spoke in politics was very important. Even small words could cause problems, so leaders had to be careful and make sure their country was respected.

    3. I could only reply that I was perfectly willing to do so, provided this Government, in their communications with us, placed both our Governments on precisely the same footing.

      Observation: The person says they will agree only if both governments are treated the same.

      Interpretation: This means they want fairness and don’t want one side to have more power than the other.

      Connection: It connects to how the U.S. wanted to be seen as equal to other countries after becoming independent.

      What I learned connects to my connection because both talk about fairness between countries. The speaker wanted both sides treated the same, just like how the U.S. wanted to be seen as equal to others. This is important because it shows the U.S. wanted respect and to stand on its own.

      Causality: Because the U.S. asked for equal treatment, it helped the country gain respect and be seen as strong and fair in world affairs.

    4. Late in the afternoon the Secretary called on me and exhibited the letters he had received from Jamaica, and which induced him to believe that France entertained hostile intentions against this country

      Observation: The Secretary showed letters from Jamaica that made him think France might try to fight the U.S.

      Interpretation: This shows people were worried that other countries might attack or cause trouble.

      Connection: It connects to how the U.S. had to be careful with other countries, like France and Britain, during this time.

      What I learned connects to my connection because both show the U.S. had to be careful with other countries. The letters showed people were worried about France, just like how the U.S. tried to stay safe and smart in its foreign relations. This matters because it helped the U.S. grow stronger and more independent.

      Change over Time: Over time, the U.S. got better at protecting itself and dealing with other nations. At first, it was unsure, but later it grew stronger and more confident.

    1. WEARY: 1. Lighting a luxuriously-scented candle 2. Lying down to sleep on the sofa 3. Cuddling a soft toy 4. Enjoying a slice of cake and a soft, comforting kids' movie 5. Miss Spider's Sunny Patch Kids 6. My Little Pony: A Very Minty Christmas 7. Care Bears: The Nutcracker 8. Brambly Hedge 9. Snuggling up by a roaring fire 10. Winter cosiness

    2. DRAINED BUT COMFORTED: 1. Lying on a fluffy duvet with Alan and Tin Tin to protect you 2. Feeling safe and comforted 3. Jeff Tracy comforting my baby self when it's thundery and loud outside 4. Alan carrying me to his bed when I feel tired 5. All of International Rescue being like family to me 6. Lady Penelope kissing me all over my cheeks 7. The smell of vanilla filling the mansion lounge on Christmas 8. Slow, soft Winter songs playing on Lady Penelope's gramophone 9. Watching the Winter wind outside with Tin Tin 10. Snuggling under a cashmere blanket with Brains, Alan and Tin Tin to keep warm.

    1. La prise en charge des traumas complexes nécessite une approche sur mesure, qui honore la singularité de chaque patient et refuse les raccourcis séduisants, mais réducteurs.

      honorer la singularité

    2. Certes, le DSM et la CIM ont permis d’établir une reconnaissance officielle du psychotraumatisme et ils ont favorisé le développement d’une recherche standardisée nécessaire (mais pas suffisante !), mais ils risquent, s’ils étaient considérés comme les seuls repères, ce qui tend à devenir le cas, d’appauvrir notre discipline.

      au delà du DSM et de la CIM, ce serait quoi d'autre ?

    3. La singularité des patients, leur histoire, leur souffrance et les dynamiques complexes qui les sous-tendent doivent rester au cœur de nos pratiques et de nos recherches. Car c’est en travaillant avec la complexité, et non en la fuyant, que nous pourrons véritablement honorer l’humanité de ceux que nous accompagnons.

      travailler AVEC la complexité

    4. Ce mouvement de simplification va à l’encontre de ce que les grandes figures de la psychologie clinique, comme Pierre Janet, Sándor Ferenczi ou même Donald Winnicott, nous ont appris : la complexité n’est pas un obstacle, mais une richesse à embrasser. Faire science en psychologie clinique, c’est reconnaître cette complexité, non pas pour la réduire, mais pour la comprendre dans toute sa profondeur et toutes ses dimensions. Cela nécessite de valoriser des méthodologies multiples, allant des études qualitatives aux approches phénoménologiques, en passant par les analyses de cas et les observations longitudinales.

      coeur

    5. réduction de la richesse théorique : les méthodologies centrées sur les ECR privilégient les interventions les plus facilement mesurables, souvent à court terme, négligeant les dynamiques longues, relationnelles et subjectives qui caractérisent la complexité de nos patients.

      2 risque

    6. Vouloir tout normer, tout contrôler revient à nier la singularité de chaque individu et des contextes dans lesquels s’inscrivent ses souffrances.

      nuance

    7. La souffrance humaine, en particulier dans les cas de traumas complexes, de troubles dissociatifs ou de psychopathologies graves, défie les modèles linéaires et simplistes.

      yes

    8. Le savoir-faire humain, autrefois enraciné dans l’expérience, a été réduit à des tableaux, des graphiques et autres procédures, rendant interchangeable ce qui était autrefois singulier. Ce phénomène, souvent présenté comme un progrès, n’est rien d’autre qu’une réduction du réel au mesurable et du vivant à la norme

      "réduction du réel au mesurable"

    1. Planning for appropriate seating may include proximity to a paraprofessional or student helper, as well as any instruments and music used during class. In elementary general music settings, place students near the teacher and also near any instruments or materials that may be used during class to lessen the number of transitions required.

      This is a good way to prevent issues with transitions, however a student being near an instrument during music class while not playing may be distracting for them. If there is a paraprofessional present though, this may help them stay focused.

    2. llow opportunities to respond during instruction that include time allotted for visual, kinesthetic, and oral responses

      Giving students the opportunity to respond to questions in multiple ways is a good way to ensure students are accommodated for their learning styles and allows them to participate with their peers.

    3. Class and ensemble rules can be developed with students each year. This provides a sense of ownership in the classroom, and students are often more willing to comply with a system they created

      I do this in my classes or when Im teaching at camp. Having set rules that students have created and keeping the students accountable for following the rules is a great way to manage behavior.

    4. a) student proximity to the teacher, (b) a music teacher’s ability to visually monitor all students, (c) active engagement with students, (d) student access to the teacher, and (e) ratio of adults to students that is conducive to close supervision.

      Music class moves so fast, and there are so many students in each class. It is hard to be able to pay attention to every student at all times so knowing each child’s struggles and need ahead of time is important.

    5. Carson first joined my class, he would plug his ears while in line to self-soothe when the other students were talking. He has become more acclimated to the noise of lining up and no longer plugs his ears as often.

      I wonder why this student wasn’t offered headphones to accommodate his sensitivity to sounds and to self soothe.

    1. WHAT MAKES SNOW DRAINED BUT COMFORTED: 1. Snow angels 2. Building snowmen 3. Hot cocoa and chocolate bars 4. Hot tubs 5. Swimming pools 6. A nice warm hug when it gets too cold 7. A glowing red nose 8. Drawing pictures of his goals 9. The scent of vanilla and festive spice 10. Bedtimes during Winter.

  4. www.planalto.gov.br www.planalto.gov.br
    1. vedada aplicação retroativa de nova interpretação

      Em decorrência dos postulados da segurança jurídica, a nova interpretação dada pela Administração deve ter efeitos prospectivos. Nessa linha, também a LINDB estabelece nos arts. 24 e 30:

      Art. 24. A revisão, nas esferas administrativa, controladora ou judicial, quanto à validade de ato, contrato, ajuste, processo ou norma administrativa cuja produção já se houver completado levará em conta as orientações gerais da época, sendo vedado que, com base em mudança posterior de orientação geral, se declarem inválidas situações plenamente constituídas. <br /> - Parágrafo único. Consideram-se orientações gerais as interpretações e especificações contidas em atos públicos de caráter geral ou em jurisprudência judicial ou administrativa majoritária, e ainda as adotadas por prática administrativa reiterada e de amplo conhecimento público.

      Art. 30. As autoridades públicas devem atuar para aumentar a segurança jurídica na aplicação das normas, inclusive por meio de regulamentos, súmulas administrativas e respostas a consultas.

    2. Federal

      Lembrar que, pela competência constitucional concorrente dos entes federados para legislar sobre direito administrativo, esta lei de processo administrativo não é automaticamente aplicável a Estados e Municípios.

    1. A linear combination that describes an appropriately antisymmetrized multi-electron wavefunction for any desired orbital configuration is easy to construct for a two-electron system. However, interesting chemical systems usually contain more than two electrons. For these multi-electron systems, a relatively simple scheme for constructing an antisymmetric wavefunction from a product of one-electron functions is to write the wavefunction in the form of a determinant. John Slater introduced this idea so the determinant is called a Slater determinant. The Slater determinant for the two-electron wavefunction of helium is (3.9.27)|ψ⁡(r1,r2)⟩=12⁢|ϕ1⁢s⁡(1)⁢α⁡(1)ϕ1⁢s⁡(1)⁢β⁡(1)ϕ1⁢s⁡(2)⁢α⁡(2)ϕ1⁢s⁡(2)⁢β⁡(2)| We can introduce a shorthand notation for the arbitrary spin-orbital (3.9.28)ϕi⁢α⁡(r)=ϕi⁡α or (3.9.29)ϕi⁢β⁡(r)=ϕi⁡β as determined by the ms quantum number. A shorthand notation for the determinant in Equation 3.9.27 is then (3.9.30)|ψ⁡(r1,r2)⟩=2−12⁢D⁢e⁢t|⁢ϕ1⁢s⁢α⁡(r1)⁢ϕ1⁢s⁢β⁡(r2)| The determinant is written so the electron coordinate changes in going from one row to the next, and the spin orbital changes in going from one column to the next. The advantage of having this recipe is clear if you try to construct an antisymmetric wavefunction that describes the orbital configuration for uranium! Note that the normalization constant is (N!)−12 for N electrons. The generalized Slater determinant for a multi-electron atom with N electrons is then

      Should probably add discussion of how this does not give the wavefunctions above for excited state He, if do not use linear combinations to make sure that all spin-spatial combinations are included

    1. IV
      • Perceba que, apesar da abrangência dos legitimados a promover a desapropriação, o rol não inclui a possibilidade de execução dos atos expropriatórios pelos contratados em regime semi-integrado.

      • No entanto, parece ser hipótese de "esquecimento" do legislador, já que seria ilógico excluir essa possibidade à contratação semi-integrada, ao passo que é autorizada para o empreiteiro (que tem menos responsabilidades contratuais) ou mesmo aos autorizatários.

    2. Poderão
      • Ampla gama de legitimados para a execução da desapropriação, haja vista a possibilidade de até mesmo permissionários, arrendatários e autorizatários promoverem a desapropriação prevista em lei ou em contrato
  5. www.planalto.gov.br www.planalto.gov.br
    1. data-base vinculada à data do orçamento estimado
      • A correção monetária dos valores contratuais deve estar vinculada à data-base do orçamento realizado pela Administração Pública, o que é completamente razoável ao se considerar que correção monetária não é acréscimo de valores ou sanção pecuniária.

      • Com isso, se o que se busca é atualização de valores em vista do fenômeno econômico da inflação, a qual corroí com o tempo o poder de compra, deve se ter, por termo inicial, a data em que os valores foram constatados para os fins de correção monetária.

      • Do contrário, acaso a vinculação da correção monetária fosse a data da assinatura do contrato, não haveria a devida compensação de valores em decorrência da inflação, sobretudo porque são momentos completamente distintos a realização do orçamento e da assinatura do contrato, podendo se distanciarem por meses ou mesmo mais de ano. Acaso não a data do orçamento, estar-se-ia diante de possível distorção monetária dos valores contratuais, principalmente aqueles de grande vulto.

    1. lei

      Os casos de contratação por tempo determinado deve ser prevista em <u>lei ordinária</u>. Não há razão para se exigir lei complementar para regulamentação da contratação por tempo determinado. Nesse sentido:

      • Informativo 1162
      • ADI 7057 / CE
      • Órgão julgador: Tribunal Pleno
      • Relator(a): Min. DIAS TOFFOLI
      • Julgamento: 06/12/2024 (Virtual)
      • Ramo do Direito: Administrativo
      • Matéria: Agente Público; Contratação Temporária; Requisitos; Agente Socioeducativo; Regulamentação; Lei Complementar Estadual

      Contratação temporária em âmbito estadual e sua regulamentação por lei complementar

      Resumo - É inconstitucional — pois viola o princípio da simetria e o princípio democrático — norma de Constituição estadual que <u>exige a edição de lei complementar</u> para a regulamentação dos casos de contratação por tempo determinado para atender a necessidade temporária de excepcional interesse público.

      • São inconstitucionais — pois não observam o princípio do concurso público (CF/1988, art. 37, II) nem os requisitos para a contratação temporária (CF/1988, art. 37, IX) — as Leis Complementares cearenses nº 163/2016, nº 169/2016 e nº 228/2020, que autorizam, por tempo determinado e para atender a necessidade temporária e de excepcional interesse público, a admissão de profissionais para a execução de atividades técnicas especializadas no âmbito do Sistema Estadual de Atendimento Socioeducativo.

      • Ao tratar do instituto da contratação temporária, a Constituição Federal não determinou que sua regulamentação fosse realizada por meio de lei complementar (1).

      • De acordo com a jurisprudência desta Corte (2), exigir lei complementar em situações para as quais a Constituição Federal não a previu restringe o arranjo democrático-representativo por ela estabelecido.

      • Para que se considere válida a contratação temporária, exige-se que: i) os casos excepcionais estejam previstos em lei; ii) o prazo de contratação seja predeterminado; iii) a necessidade seja temporária; iv) o interesse público seja excepcional; v) a necessidade de contratação seja indispensável, sendo vedada a contratação para os <u>serviços ordinários permanentes</u> do Estado, e que <u>devam estar sob o espectro das contingências normais</u> da Administração (3).

      • Na espécie, as Leis Complementares cearenses nº 163/2016 e nº 169/2016, embora estabeleçam prazo predeterminado para a contratação, visando realização de um objetivo público de grande relevância, não tratam de situação excepcional, porquanto a busca pelo aprimoramento dos serviços para melhor servir à sociedade é inerente à Administração Pública.

      • Ademais, os anexos dessas normas demonstram tratar-se de diversas funções da estrutura administrativa do Sistema Estadual de Atendimento Socioeducativo que deveriam ter sido preenchidas por detentores de cargos públicos, tendo em vista a natureza ordinária e permanente das atividades.

      • Por sua vez, a Lei Complementar nº 228/2020, editada no contexto da pandemia da Covid-19, apontou que a necessidade temporária da contratação compreenderia o período necessário à realização de concurso público para o provimento de cargos efetivos. Entretanto, o certame somente foi lançado em abril de 2024, quase oito anos após a criação, pela Lei estadual nº 16.040/2016, da Superintendência do Sistema Estadual de Atendimento Socioeducativo. A perpetuação dessas contratações pretensamente de caráter temporário evidencia a inércia administrativa em regularizar a estrutura de pessoal daquela superintendência.

      • Com base nesses e em outros entendimentos, o Plenário, por maioria, julgou parcialmente procedente ação para: (i) declarar a inconstitucionalidade da expressão “complementar” do art. 154, inciso XIV, da Constituição do Estado do Ceará, com efeito ex nunc, para que a decisão, no ponto, produza efeitos a partir da publicação da ata deste julgamento; e (ii) declarar a inconstitucionalidade das Leis Complementares estaduais nº 163/2016; nº 169/2016; e nº 228/2020, garantindo-se a vigência das contratações temporárias celebradas com base nos citados diplomas, até que expirem os prazos de duração, após o que deverá o Estado do Ceará preencher os quadros de seu Sistema Estadual de Atendimento Socioeducativo com servidores aprovados em concurso público.

    2. desde que aceito por ambas as partes

      Somente se houver expresso assentimento dos entes envolvidos, poderá haver amortização de dívidas com sentenças transitadas em julgado. Nesse sentido:

      • RE 657686
      • Órgão julgador: Tribunal Pleno
      • Relator(a): Min. LUIZ FUX
      • Julgamento: 23/10/2014
      • Publicação: 05/12/2014

      RECURSO EXTRAORDINÁRIO COM REPERCUSSÃO GERAL. DIREITO CONSTITUCIONAL. REGIME DE EXECUÇÃO PECUNIÁRIA DA FAZENDA PÚBLICA. COMPENSAÇÃO DE DÉBITOS PERANTE A FAZENDA PÚBLICA COM CRÉDITOS SUJEITOS A REQUISIÇÃO DE PEQUENO VALOR. IMPOSSIBILIDADE. JULGAMENTO DAS ADI’S 4357 E 4425 PELO PLENÁRIO DO SUPREMO TRIBUNAL FEDERAL. EMENDA CONSTITUCIONAL Nº 62/2009. INCONSTITUCIONALIDADE DA SISTEMÁTICA DE COMPENSAÇÃO EM PROVEITO EXCLUSIVO DA FAZENDA PÚBLICA. EMBARAÇO À EFETIVIDADE DA JURISDIÇÃO (CRFB, ART. 5º, XXXV), DESRESPEITO À COISA JULGADA MATERIAL (CRFB, ART. 5º XXXVI), OFENSA À SEPARAÇÃO DOS PODERES (CRFB, ART. 2º) E ULTRAJE À ISONOMIA ENTRE O ESTADO E O PARTICULAR (CRFB, ART. 1º, CAPUT, C/C ART. 5º, CAPUT). ENTENDIMENTO QUE SE APLICA NA MESMA EXTENSÃO ÀS REQUISIÇÕES DE PEQUENO VALOR. RECURSO EXTRAORDINÁRIO A QUE SE NEGA PROVIMENTO. - 1. A compensação de tributos devidos à Fazenda Pública com créditos decorrentes de decisão judicial caracteriza pretensão assentada em norma considerada inconstitucional (art. 100, §§ 9º e 10, da Constituição da República, com redação conferida pela EC nº 62/2009).

      • 2. O Plenário do Supremo Tribunal Federal, ao julgar as ADIs nº 4.357 e 4.425, assentou a inconstitucionalidade dos §§ 9º e 10 do art. 100 da Constituição da República, com redação conferida pela EC nº 62/2009, forte no argumento de que a compensação dos débitos da Fazenda Pública inscritos em precatórios embaraça a efetividade da jurisdição (CRFB, art. 5º, XXXV), desrespeita a coisa julgada material (CRFB, art. 5º, XXXVI), vulnera a Separação dos Poderes (CRFB, art. 2º) e ofende a isonomia entre o Poder Público e o particular (CRFB, art. 5º, caput), cânone essencial do Estado Democrático de Direito (CRFB, art. 1º, caput).

      • 3. Destarte, não se revela constitucionalmente possível a compensação unilateral de débitos em proveito exclusivo da Fazenda Pública mesmo que os valores envolvidos estejam sujeitos ao regime de pagamento por requisição de pequeno valor (RPV).

      • 4. Recurso extraordinário a que se nega provimento.

      Tema 511

      • Compensação de débitos tributários com requisições de pequeno valor - RPV.

      Tese - É constitucionalmente vedada a compensação unilateral de débitos em proveito exclusivo da Fazenda Pública ainda que os valores envolvidos não estejam sujeitos ao regime de precatórios, <u>mas apenas à sistemática da requisição de pequeno valor</u>.

    3. Comissão
      • ADI 7064
      • Órgão julgador: Tribunal Pleno
      • Relator(a): Min. LUIZ FUX
      • Julgamento: 01/12/2023
      • Publicação: 19/12/2023

      39. O estabelecimento de uma comissão de controle externo junto ao Poder Legislativo para avaliação dos precatórios expedidos pelo Poder Judiciário, conforme art. 6º da EC 114/21 destoa do sistema de separação de poderes posto na Constituição Federal. O dispositivo havido da Emenda Constitucional 114/21 subverte a ordem de atribuições, impondo um controle sobre a atividade tanto do Poder Executivo, condenado em demandas judiciais, quanto do Poder Judiciário, que julga o melhor direito e condena o Estado a pagar o cidadão.

    1. mathematician

      DRAINED BUT COMFORTED 1. Being cuddled by Jeff Tracy when I start crying as a baby 2. Having a sleep when I have a bad headache 3. Parker tickling me when I sleep on his lap as a baby 4. Lying in a boundaryless meadow with Brains, Alan and Tin Tin and gazing up at the sky in silence. 5. A bath with warm water 6. Lady Penelope singing me a lullaby 7. Snuggles in bed on a cold Winter night 8. Brains being comforted by Alan when things go wrong 9. Giving my working brain a rest 10. Stretching my toes on Alan's bed

  6. www.planalto.gov.br www.planalto.gov.br
    1. Art. 3o

      ADITAMENTO DA INICIAL

      • Petição inicial. Ilegitimidade ativa para a causa. Correção. É lícito, em ação direta de inconstitucionalidade, aditamento à petição inicial <u>anterior à requisição das informações</u>. [ADI 3.103, rel. min. Cezar Peluso, j. em 1-6-2006, P, DJ de 25-8-2006.]

      • "Pedido de aditamento da inicial após inclusão em pauta da ação para julgamento final pelo rito do artigo 12 da Lei 9.868/1999. Admissão do aditamento, tendo em vista a irrelevância das alterações promovidas no texto normativo impugnado. Admitido o aditamento, necessária é a abertura de prazo para a manifestação dos requeridos." (ADI 3.434-MC, rel. min. Joaquim Barbosa, j. 23-8-2006, P, DJ de 28-9-2007.)

      • "A renumeração do preceito constitucional estadual impugnado, mantido na íntegra o texto original, não implica a prejudicialidade da ação direta, <u>desde que promovido o aditamento à petição inicial</u>. Precedente: ADI 1.874, Relator o Ministro Maurício Corrêa, DJ de 7-2-03." (ADI 246, rel. min. Eros Grau, j. 16-12-2004, P, DJ de 29-4-2005.) No mesmo sentido: ADI 3.832, rel. min. Cármen Lúcia, decisão monocrática, j. 22-6-2010, DJE de 29-6-2010.


      PERDA DE OBJETO

      • A jurisprudência desta Suprema Corte é firme no sentido de que a revogação expressa ou tácita da norma impugnada, bem como sua alteração substancial, após o ajuizamento da ação direta de inconstitucionalidade <u>acarreta a perda superveniente do seu objeto</u>, independentemente da existência de efeitos residuais concretos dela decorrentes. Vocação dessa espécie de ação constitucional a assegurar a higidez da ordem jurídica vigente. [ADI 3.557, rel. min. Rosa Weber, j. 18-12-2021, P, DJE de 28-1-2022.]

      • Há jurisprudência consolidada no STF no sentido de que a revogação da norma cuja constitucionalidade é questionada por meio de ação direta enseja a perda superveniente do objeto da ação. Nesse sentido: ADI 709, rel. min. Paulo Brossard, DJ de 20-5-1994; ADI 1.442, rel. min. Celso de Mello, DJ de 29-4-2005; ADI 4.620 AgR, rel. min. Dias Toffoli, DJe de 1-8-2012.

      • Excepcionam-se desse entendimento os casos em que há indícios de fraude à jurisdição da Corte, como, a título de ilustração, quando a norma é revogada com o propósito de evitar a declaração da sua inconstitucionalidade. Nessa linha: ADI 3.306, rel. min. Gilmar Mendes, DJe de 7-6-2011.
      • Excepcionam-se, ainda, as ações diretas que tenham por objeto leis de eficácia temporária, quando: (i) houve impugnação em tempo adequado, (ii) a ação foi incluída em pauta e (iii) seu julgamento foi iniciado antes do exaurimento da eficácia. Nesse sentido: ADI 5.287, rel. min. Luiz Fux, DJe de 12-9-2016; ADI 4.426, rel. min. Dias Toffoli, DJe de 17-5-2011; ADI 3.146/DF, rel. min. Joaquim Barbosa, DJ de 19-12-2006.
      • Com maior razão, a prejudicialidade da ação direta também deve ser afastada nas ações cujo mérito já foi decidido, em especial se a revogação da lei só veio a ser arguida posteriormente, em sede de embargos de declaração. Nessa última hipótese, é preciso não apenas impossibilitar a fraude à jurisdição da Corte e minimizar os ônus decorrentes da demora na prestação da tutela jurisdicional, mas igualmente preservar o trabalho já efetuado pelo Tribunal, bem como evitar que a constatação da efetiva violação à ordem constitucional se torne inócua. [ADI 951 ED, rel. min. Roberto Barroso, j. 27-10-2016, P, DJE de 21-6-2017.]

      • "Inicialmente, considero que a remuneração do art. (...), sem mudança do texto impugnado, não leva à alteração substancial do objeto do controle concentrado de constitucionalidade, de modo a persistir o interesse e a competência desta Corte para julgar a ação direta de inconstitucionalidade." (ADI 238, voto do rel. min. Joaquim Barbosa, j. 24-2-2010, P, DJE de 9-4-2010.)

    1. collection of data traditionally considered unprotected—such as public movements—draws questions about whether that information deserves heightened legal protection when collected at a mass scale.

      on scale

    1. DEMERARA'S FAVOURITE THINGS 1. Cotton Candy (her favourite!) 2. The Larntown sweet shop 3. Trying Libby's latest goods 4. Ice cream and popcorn 5. The smell of marshmallows 6. Her song 'Sweet Treats Are Neat!' 7. Her home in the Candy Mountains 8. Her pet poodle Fluffcake 9. Filling rainclouds with candy and turning them into rainbow colours 10. Playing with Pibby and her friends

    1. Child Guidance principles must alwaysbe implemented in a consistent,reasonable and appropriate way; basedon an understanding of the child’sindividual needs.

      I like how these key words, such as 'consistent,' 'reasonable,' and 'appropriate,' are mentioned in the way of child guidance principles. They are precise and correct.

    1. Their relationships to the platforms facilitatingthese transactions was sometimes contentious, given that workerswere not officially employed by marketplace platforms, but thelatter had a high impact on the workflows of laborers.

      digital labor spacemaking

    2. “Trash Worker” is a large umbrellaof occupations and levels of agency, which includes human indi-viduals and corporations, but also mold, bacteria, fungi and insects(a controversial theme among the community of Trash Workers).

      human-bot contestations?

  7. www.planalto.gov.br www.planalto.gov.br
    1. não se aplica
      • As disposições sobre renúncia de receita não se aplicam para as alterações de alíquotas de II, IE, IPI e IOF.

      • Note-se que renúncia de receita por alteração de alíquota do IR se submete, sim, a renúncia de receita prevista no art.

  8. www.planalto.gov.br www.planalto.gov.br
    1. preclusão

      Regra Geral: A Não Submissão à Preclusão - A principal regra extraída é que as matérias de ordem pública, em princípio, não precluem, podendo ser analisadas a qualquer momento nas instâncias ordinárias.

      • A inépcia da petição inicial, por ser matéria de ordem pública, "pode ser suscitada e examinada a qualquer tempo nas <u>instâncias ordinárias</u>, não se submetendo à preclusão" (AgInt no AREsp 2.270.272). Da mesma forma, a conformidade do valor executado com o título judicial é matéria de ordem pública e "não há preclusão pro judicato na atividade probatória para o julgador" que busca aferir a exatidão dos cálculos (AgInt no AREsp 2.405.050).

      Exceções Reconhecidas: Quando a Matéria de Ordem Pública Preclui

      Apesar da regra geral, a jurisprudência do STJ estabelece situações claras em que a preclusão atinge, sim, as matérias de ordem pública.

      1. Preclusão pro judicato (Quando a matéria já foi decidida no processo) - A exceção mais recorrente é a que impede o juiz ou o tribunal de reexaminar uma questão de ordem pública que já tenha sido objeto de decisão anterior no mesmo processo, sem que houvesse recurso oportuno da parte.

      • Matérias de ordem pública "se submetem à preclusão pro judicato nas hipóteses [...] em que a questão [...] já tenha sido examinada e decidida, sem que, contra a conclusão plasmada no respectivo decisum, tenha havido insurgência da parte contrária" (AgInt no REsp 1.535.655). Essa preclusão "impede a revisão de matérias decididas no processo, inclusive as de ordem pública, que não tenham sido impugnadas pelo recurso cabível no momento próprio" (EDcl no REsp 1.708.238).

      2. Preclusão para as Partes (Consumativa e Temporal)

      • Se a parte interessada não alega a nulidade ou a questão de ordem pública na primeira oportunidade que tem para falar nos autos após a sua ocorrência, ou se a questão já foi decidida, opera-se a preclusão para a parte.

      • A nulidade "não foi oportunamente alegada nos embargos de declaração [...], o recorrente não levantou a nulidade na <u>primeira oportunidade</u> após a ocorrência do vício, restando configurada a preclusão da matéria, nos termos do art. 278 do CPC/2015" (REsp 1.809.204). Ademais, "estão sujeitas à preclusão as matérias não impugnadas no momento oportuno, <u>inclusive as de ordem pública</u>" (EDcl no AgInt no REsp 2.129.882). A "preclusão consumativa impede a rediscussão de questões já decididas, inclusive as de ordem pública" (AgInt no AREsp 2.302.911).

      3. Preclusão nas Instâncias Superiores (Ausência de Prequestionamento) - Para que uma matéria de ordem pública seja analisada em Recurso Especial (STJ), ela precisa ter sido previamente debatida e decidida pelo tribunal de origem. A ausência desse debate gera a preclusão da análise na instância superior.

      • "o acesso à via extraordinária depende do indispensável prequestionamento da matéria perante o Tribunal a quo, requisito constitucional exigido inclusive para as matérias de ordem pública" (REsp 1.809.204 e Informações Complementares à Ementa do REsp 1.809.209).

      4. Preclusão Máxima (Coisa Julgada) - Após o trânsito em julgado de uma decisão, as questões decididas, ainda que de ordem pública, estabilizam-se, não podendo ser rediscutidas, em respeito à segurança jurídica.

      • "A preclusão da matéria e o respeito à coisa julgada impedem a análise de pedido de desclassificação de conduta após o trânsito em julgado, em observância ao princípio da segurança jurídica" (AgRg no RHC 953.536).
    1. The Great Depression was the result of problems that had been building up since the beginning of the century.

      its so crazy how so many things lead up to huge faults in the governemnt and the world because some people will try to blame things like this soully on the president or something

    2. The market’s collapse, no matter how dramatic, did not by itself destroy the American economy.

      This is so true and for today i feel like the governemnt shut down isnt just related to one thing