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  1. Last 7 days

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    1. Why does the threat of a cunning, replicating robot society look soclose from one perspective, yet so distant from another? The differencelies in the well-known tendency of futurologists to count “1, 2, 3 . . . amillion.” That is, once the first step on a path is taken, it’s very easy toassume that all subsequent steps are trivial.

      1, 2, 3, ... profit also follows this general pattern and some companies like Uber, Lyft, Postmates, etc. have found this difficult to do.

      Tesla is another example which seems to fit the profile of this piece with respect to Elon Musk having pissed off the very people he was attempting to sell to.

  2. Aug 2025
    1. Original Language Title: Phèdre et Hippolite

      This image of Phaedra and Hippolytus reflects the central conflict of Euripides’ tragedy: Phaedra’s desire and Hippolytus’ resistance. Phaedra embodies passion, shame, and transgression. Hippolytus, in contrast, who represents purity, self-control, and loyalty especially to Artemis. Phaedra’s speech is described in terms of “madness,” “disease,” or “frenzy,” while Hippolytus’ refusal is couched in terms of “virtue” and “nobility.” The politics of language preserve a worldview where male strength lies in resisting women, casting the hero as morally elevated only through female exclusion.

      © 2025 Melinessa Louis Douze. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

    1. this system that actually tells you which one is you which one is not you is the self is not the self yeah so the immune system

      for - adjacency - brain - identity - immune system - immune system involved with identity at a microscopic level - which molecule is part of "you"? - which moleculev is NOT part of you - immune system preceded neural system

      ? - maybe there is similarity between neural processing and immune system response?

    1. Civilization as a master-slave paradigm regarding nature.

      for - new definition - biosphere-scale inequality - adjacency - metaphor - master-slave - resources - externalisation - Michel articulated an insightful metaphor to describe our modern relationship with nature - To see nature as a resource is a species-selfish (anthropomorphic) perspective - which enables - resource extraction - exploration - externalization and ultimately - the climate crisis - Humans are seem as the master and all of nature our slave - This transcends human-scale inequality - it is biosphere-scale inequality

    1. 53 Seiten lang ist das Strategiepapier, voller Potenzialanalysen, Umfragen, Tabellen. Dabei geht es weniger um Inhalte und mehr um politisches Taktieren. Die wichtigste Seite trägt die Überschrift "Brandmauer stürzen: lagerübergreifende Koalitionen verhindern". In aller Kürze ist zusammengefasst, wie die Zusammenarbeit von Union und SPD unmöglich gemacht werden soll. Schritt 1: Durch einen "Kulturkampf" will die AfD eine Polarisierung zwischen AfD und Linke erreichen, gleichzeitig setzt man auf Solidarität von SPD und Grünen, die dann weiter nach links rücken. Schritt 1 ist also ein gezielter Angriff auf linke Themen sowie auf die Partei Die Linke - über der Überschrift "Kulturkampf" prangt ein Bild von Linken-Fraktionschefin Heidi Reichinnek.

      So the first step of AfD culture war tactics: Frame conflicts as a culture war. So clear enemies are defined (the left), playing on the solidarity of liberal parties with the left. This creates distance with the CDU which results in a bigger division between left wing and conservatives.

  3. Jul 2025
    1. AI and RPA are reshaping how businesses operate by combining automation with intelligence. This blog explores their individual roles, synergy, real-world use cases, and how they drive smarter, faster, and more scalable business processes.

      Discover how AI and RPA revolutionize business operations by automating workflows, reducing costs, enhancing accuracy, and driving digital transformation across industries.

    1. When your cooktop burner stops working mid-way, it can really throw your kitchen routine into chaos. If a gas burner that is not igniting, an electric element is heating unevenly, or flames aren’t burning correctly, be alarmed. The good news is that by opting for professional cooktop repairs in Sydney, you can restore your cooktop’s function while keeping safety a top priority. Cooktop repairs are essential because cooktops take a lot of wear and tear. They have to deal with conditions like heat, moisture, and food spills every day. Over time, this may cause mechanical or electrical issues. When you know the common problems with cooktop burners, it helps you understand when it’s time to call a professional instead of trying risky DIY fixes. If you’re experiencing issues with other household appliances, you may also want to look into appliance repairs in Sydney to resolve similar concerns throughout your home.

      Discover expert tips for cooktop repair in Sydney. Learn how to troubleshoot common issues, when to call a pro, and how to keep your cooktop working efficiently.

    1. instead of mak-ing a generalized statement to summarize the entire sentence, the subjectcarefully attempts to interpret each successive clause. He is interested inthe details of the setting, stating that the setting is in London and then try-ing to find a reason why so many people would be “slipping and sliding”on the road.

      But there is not only understanding involved in this, but also "taste" specific to a group and cultural "class".

    1. Reading Plamper’s book and writing this review in a time of rising right-wing authoritarian politics—in which migration is weaponized to spread fear, prejudice, and hate—offers an inspiring reaffirmation of our shared humanity. The numerous detailed accounts and personal histories he presents serve as powerful testimonies to a lived reality that cannot be erased or ignored. Diverse backgrounds and religions shape daily lives in Germany, adapting and contributing in countless ways. By shifting the focus to those who actively form German society—despite often being labeled as “the other” or simply “migrants”—Plamper challenges exclusionary narratives. His meticulous documentation of migration stories underscores not only the enduring presence of these communities but also their role in shaping Germany’s future.

      This is more like it, historical accounts can deliver political messages and show the way not to better political decision making but a better living together.

    1. If any dispute arises concerning the content or performance of these Terms, the dispute shall be settled through friendly negotiation. In the event that the dispute cannot be settled through negotiation, either party could submit the dispute to China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission (CIETAC) for arbitration which shall be conducted in accordance with the CIETAC's arbitration rules in effect at the time of applying for arbitration.

      These terms mean you may be waiving your right to a jury trial, to participate in a class action lawsuit, or to have the dispute handled by a judge in your country.

    2. The arbitral tribunal shall consist of three (3) arbitrators. Bambu Lab and you shall be entitled to appoint one arbitrator, and the third arbitrator shall be jointly appointed by CIETAC. The language of the arbitration is English and is conducted in Shanghai, China. All arbitrators must be proficient in English.

      Describes the set-up of an arbitration, which includes a provision that the arbitration proceedings be conducted in Shanghai, China.

    1. Yes. You agree to defend, indemnify, and hold us and our directors, officers, and employees harmless from any claims arising out of use of the Services, Products, or Devices, breach of the Agreement, or violation of any laws or regulations, or the rights of any third party by you, any person on your account, and any person you allow to use the Services, Products, or Devices.

      Basically, you agree to pay for whatever harms T-Mobile incurs if you, someone on your account, or any person you allow to use T-Mobile's services, is responsible for those harms as a result of using T-Mobile's services.

    2. Your “Agreement” with us includes the following: These T&Cs;  Additional terms and conditions found in your Rate Plan, Data Plan, and/or Products; Your acknowledgment of receiving our Privacy Notice, as described above;  Other agreements, including any service agreements, equipment installment plans, or financing agreements; Our Open Internet Policy, as amended from time to time, further described in the “Using our Network” section; and Our other policies, as amended from time to time, linked in these T&Cs, available on www.T-Mobile.com, our account management websites and apps (“T-Mobile Apps”), and/or as otherwise provided to you.

      Defining "Agreement."

    1. How about we use Python to process real-world data and then draw a few charts? Okay sure, let's fire up our trusty 1960s-era text editor (not Microsoft Word) and write some code. Wait, first we need to install the proper add-on libraries such as NumPy and Matplotlib. [an hour of troubleshooting later, especially for Windows users ...] Okay, let's write some code. [type, type, type] Yeah, isn't this fun and intuitive? Python makes it all so easy ...
    1. Alice: I couldn't compile your code. Look at this error message! Bob: It works for me! You use Debian 12? I still run Debian 9. That's surely what makes the difference. But I also have good news: I managed to run your code on my machine. The only problem is that... I get 0.8 nm. Alice: I use libode version 3.4. The documentation says it must be compiled with gcc 10 or later. You probably have an older gcc. Bob: Uhhh... Well... I will have to install a virtual machine with Debian 12, and you with Debian 9. Shall we meet again in a week?
    1. for - youtube talk - Michael Levin - youtube - Against mind-blindness - Recognizing and Communicating with Unconventional Intelligences

      summary - mind blindness is the unawareness of other types of minds that surround us - This definition alludes to an expanded definition of "mind" that is based on Levin's research which is influenced by the work of William James - The expanded definition of mind is based on living systems with the ability to perform problem-solving with respect to its environment - Levin's experiments that suggest that problem-solving is an important definition of minds involves artificially manipulating morphological features of simpler life forms at very early stages of their development. - He demonstrates that tadpoles, with morphologically displaced features such as eyes, follow a problem-solving arc with this novel situation and have some kind of collective blueprint that they follow that allows the eyes to migrate to the right place in a fully developed frog - Hence, living organisms are equipped with problem-solving templates that guide them towards some collective target - Even if the original morphological state is novel, the mind can solve to migrate to the final target - Levin's other experiments show how implanting novel instructions in the target template will cause the living system to migrate towards a new final target, as demonstrated in his 2-headed worm, which reproduces with 2 heads for all future generations after the novel implant - These findings have profound implications on our understanding what life itself is - They also force us to expand the diversity of the definition of "mind", with many moral implications

    1. Bad Bunny is one of the world's biggest pop stars. His last album, "El Ultimo Tour Del Mundo," was the first entirely Spanish-language record ever to hit No. 1 on the U.S. Billboard albums chart.

      In this podcast the host Stephen Thompson starts out by playing music by Bad Bunny to engage his audiences interest. He than goes on to state a fact about him to help the listeners understand who Bad Bunny is. This is an example of the rhetoric Logos and Audio.

    1. In today’s fast-moving, AI-powered era, autonomous agents are playing a bigger role than ever. They are helping businesses run smoother and making decisions affecting millions of lives every day. While these systems are designed to make our lives easier and unlock new opportunities, we can’t get carried away—we need to implement proper AI Agent Evaluation frameworks and best practices to ensure these systems actually work as intended and follow ethical AI principles.

      Explore the key metrics, tools, and frameworks used for AI agent evaluation. Learn how to assess performance, reliability, and efficiency of AI agents in real-world scenarios.

    1. Philip, Rey (Editor)1 Show affiliations 1. Theory of Ontological Consciousness Project Description This interdisciplinary essay explores a forgotten hypothesis at the intersection of physics, philosophy, and fiction: that consciousness is not a byproduct of matter, but its ontological foundation. Tracing this idea from Heraclitus and Plato to Schrödinger and Penrose, the article integrates metaphysical traditions with quantum models and critiques of materialist reductionism. It introduces the Theory of Ontological Consciousness (TOC) — a literary-philosophical framework proposing ψ̂–Φ interactions as the generative basis of spacetime and form. The essay also reinterprets empirical anomalies, such as those documented by the Global Consciousness Project, as potential signatures of an underlying field of universal consciousness.  For more on the Theory of Ontological Consciousness, visit www.toc-reality.org and follow new updates via Medium    -   https://medium.com/@philiprey.org

      Philip, Rey (Editor)1 Description This interdisciplinary essay explores a forgotten hypothesis at the intersection of physics, philosophy, and fiction: that consciousness is not a byproduct of matter, but its ontological foundation. Tracing this idea from Heraclitus and Plato to Schrödinger and Penrose, the article integrates metaphysical traditions with quantum models and critiques of materialist reductionism. It introduces the Theory of Ontological Consciousness (TOC) — a literary-philosophical framework proposing ψ̂–Φ interactions as the generative basis of spacetime and form. The essay also reinterprets empirical anomalies, such as those documented by the Global Consciousness Project, as potential signatures of an underlying field of universal consciousness. For more on the Theory of Ontological Consciousness, visit www.toc-reality.org and follow new updates via Medium - https://medium.com/@philiprey.org

  4. Jun 2025
    1. for - article - substack - Annick De Witt - Toxic Polarization is killing us. A new worldview can save us - from - article - LinkedIn - Bayo Akomolafe - I am against "worldview"\ - https://hyp.is/oqgW2ivdEfCmu9M8EYHozw/www.linkedin.com/posts/bayoakomolafe_i-am-against-worldview-the-term-seems-activity-7319799984663535616-fpVW/ - to - book - Embracing Paradox, Evolving Language - https://hyp.is/go?url=https%3A%2F%2Fipfs.indy0.net%2Fipfs%2Fbafybeihk6dcr7dfruu65z5e5ze2rkeiydkmgbbpadhyulckm4afnqbtdgy&group=world - from - Substack article - Can and should expect a spiritual Revolution any time soon? - Michel Bauwens - https://hyp.is/JDDTADInEfCKmLNKpwhsng/4thgenerationcivilization.substack.com/p/can-and-should-we-expect-a-spiritual

      summary - Annick de Witt takes the reader on a journey of discovery of that looks at the nuances of the complex set of entangled crisis we face today, by referring to the idea of worldviews - She shows how the quagmires now emerging are the result of interplay between three major worldviews, traditional, modern and post-modern and how each represents a partial truth that denies the partial truths held by the others - The article takes the example of Trumpism and the MAGA movement to illustrate, but the same analysis could be extended to the many different cultural worldviews found in different peoples around the globe - In particular, with Trump's recent decision to bomb Iran's nuclear facilities, tensions between the traditional Islamic culture and the West's traditional, modern and post-modern segments of society are again on the rise - The insightful analysis culminates in the proposal for an integral worldview that includes all three but transcends each one - It may be useful to introduce Annick to Greg Henrique's Unified Theory of Knowledge (UToK), - https://www.unifiedtheoryofknowledge.org/ - Gregg works with John Vervaeke that Annick has cited - Regarding Bayo Akomolafe's short LinkedIn note on the word "worldview", I respect both Annick's detailed analysis as well as Bayo's interpretation and look forward to a comparative analylsis of these two perspectives around the word "worldview" - I am also in the middle of annotating Lisa E. Maroski's book, Embracing Paradox, Evolving Language, which is salient here as well

      Indyweb dev - new Plexmark - analog affirmation slider - while reading the passage I was annotating, I realised that I was in agreement with a lot of what the author was articulating. However, I have no way to indicate this match because it would be too much - this gave rise to a new Plexmark: <br /> - Have an analog control slider for each sentence that indicates - agreement on one side and - disagreement on the other side as well as a - 'don't know' button. - This gives a running indication of resonance with your own salience landscape - This can then be used in conjunction with the Indranet - If there is an indication of strong agreement, then the reader may have strong motivation to investigate that author's mindplex, - especially if there is a strong salience mismatch between the author and the reader, indicating a possible learning event

      Retrospective reflections - (See below) adjacency - sacred - relationship with - free - open source - what is your relationship with the sacred? - this is the same as asking - how do you feel in your time of solitude and aloneness? - do you feel deep connection and a sense of not being lonely while you are alone? - to be alienated if not to feel disconnected with others - as it is to be disconnected with the ceaseless sacred that continuously surrounds you, from birth to death

      • I propose that the post-modern worldview should be renamed
      • why?
      • it is a name that is dependent on the second major worldview, modernism
      • while the first two worldviews have autonomous names, the third, postmodernism is not autonomous but depends on the second
      • the word integral is a good candidate to replace it
      • it means integration of both traditional and modern

      • two central ideas of Deep Humanity praxis fit into these three worldview

        • progress
        • death awareness
      • worldviews can be seen from a progress framed perspective
      • progress is a movement from traditional to modern
        • conservatism focuses on the traditional pole while
        • liberalism focuses on the modern pole
        • postmodernism is a universal, cultural retroactive reflection on the relationship between both
      • death awareness is a major focus on traditional knowledge systems but

        • postmodernism can definitely benefit from integrating it to provide
          • an integral, inclusive approach that deals effectively with
            • the meaning crisis faced by a secular, modern perspective that has
              • rejected traditional religions without replacing it with anything substantive
      • June 27, 2025 - modernism - objective reality - validation - example - personal experience - beeping electricity meter

        • my wife woke me up in the morning and said that the electricity meter is beeping again.
        • I couldn't hear it because my heating isn't as good as hers
        • I trust her when she says this
        • I walked out of the bedroom too go downstairs and turn it off and a soon as I got around the corner in the bedroom, I can hear the beeping sound
        • The easiest explanation for these two different experiences is that the is an existent objective reality which each of us experienced differently ( Occam's Razor)
          • the electricity meter was indeed beeping
        • The post modern. explanation would likely revolve around quantum mechanics but if far from simple or obvious
    2. John Stuart Mill once said, referring to the different sides in intellectual controversies, they tend to be “in the right in what they affirmed, though in the wrong in what they denied.”

      for - quote - right in what is affirmed, wrong in what is denied - John Stuart Mill - adjacency - worldviews - metaphor - blind men and the elephant

    3. This worldview also has to restore the enchantment, communality, and connection to the sacred that is ubiquitous in pre-modern and indigenous worldviews, yet is severed in the process of modernization

      for - key insight - new worldview must restore enchantment, community and connection

      key insight - new worldview must restore enchantment, community and connection - This worldview also has to restore the - enchantment, - communality, and - connection - to the sacred that is - ubiquitous in pre-modern and indigenous worldviews, - yet is severed in the process of modernization — - resulting in the pervasive sense of - alienation and - meaninglessness - that characterize both modern and postmodern worldviews. - As research underscores, - a sense of - meaning, - inner purpose, and - community - are crucial for human well-being and cannot be replaced by high levels of economic prosperity.

    4. World views create worlds

      for - quote - worldviews create worlds - Richard Tarnas

      observation - worldviews are invisible hyperobjects, w - we employ logical induction to infer them from a pattern we observe - from many visible behaviors

    1. who would have known this that your tracheal epithelial cells if expplanted if if liberated from the rest of the body they will make a self motile little uh construct that among other things knows how to heal neural wounds.

      for - quote - no evolutionary history explains form and behavior - Michael Levin

      observation - evolution alone is insufficient to explain life - These novel, artificial life forms behave in novel emergent ways, there is no natural selection at play here

    2. we used a very high level um uh commu communication that this build an I here and like any good intelligence it has a multiscale hierarchical control where it took care of all of the downstream molecular um details.

      for - example - importance of multiscale hierarchical intelligence and control - Michael Levin - high level instruction is issued and the multiscale structure ensures that all the lower level details are executed - like a software function call

      new plexmark - person assigned to each comment in multiplayer conversational environment - have a way to - detect then - discriminate and finally - tag - each sequentially different conversant' s comments in the conversation - This will help with Indyweb provenance by attributing the person with each sentence

    3. we try to understand the large scale um utility of of the of these patterns.

      for - quote - we try to understand the large scale utility of these patterns - Michael Levin - implicit and embodied demonstration - of higher scale intelligence - communicating with - lower scale of intelligence

      quote - we try to understand the large scale utility of these patterns - Michael Levin - This is an implicit demonstration or embodied demonstration of interscale communication - The higher level agent (Michael Levin's consciousness) - is attempting to understand the functioning of his own lower scale intelligence

    4. we have a system that um that we developed that you can go to this website and basically it will just very simply translate papers in neuroscience into developmental biology papers. It's very easy. You just swap a few words and and and everything carries over. There are deep deep symmetries between cognition and morphagenesis which um I think Alan Turing for example recognized

      for - adjacency - cognition and morphogensis - Michael Levin - tools - website - translates neuroscience papers into morphogenesis papers - Michael Levin - adjacency - Alan Turing - intelligence - embryogenesis

    1. It appears that we have few specific environments (factory facilities) forthe economical production of programs. I contend that the productioncosts are affected far more adversely by the absence of such anenvironment than by the absence of any tools in the environment… Afactory supplies power, work space, shipping and receiving, labordistribution, and financial controls, etc. Thus a software factory should bea programming environment residing upon and controlled by a computer.Program construction, checkout and usage should be done entirely withinthis environment. Ideally it should be impossible to produce programsexterior to this environment…Economical products of high quality […]are not possible (in most instances) when one instructs the programmer ingood practice and merely hopes that he will make his invisible productaccording to those rules and standards. This just does not happen underhuman supervision. A factory, however, has more than humansupervision. It has measures and controls for productivity and quality.18

      Hsu again cites only Mahoney for this, and the passage here is presented as one quote, but it's actually a quote within a quote: first Bemer and then Mahoney. The original Bemer quote ends with the second sentence ("I contend that the production costs are affected far more adversely by the absence of such an environment than by the absence of any tools in the environment…" which ends prematurely here but ends with a parenthetical "e.g. writing a program in PL/1 is using a tool"), and the remainder is Mahoney's commentary.

      The Bemer source is:

      R.W. Bemer, "Position Paper for Panel Discussion [on] the Economics of Program Production", Information Processing 68, North-Holland Publishing Company, 1969, vol. II, p. 1626.

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    1. Modifying a serious open source codebase usually requires significant expertise and effort. This applies even for making a tiny change, like changing the color of a button . Even for a skilled programmer, setting up a development environment and getting acquainted with a codebase represents enough of a hurdle that it’s not casually pursued in the moment.
  5. May 2025
    1. Anthropic researchers said this was not an isolated incident, and that Claude had a tendency to “bulk-email media and law-enforcement figures to surface evidence of wrongdoing.”

      for - question - progress trap - open source AI models - for blackmail and ransom - Could a bad actor take an open source codebase and twist it to do harm like find out about an rogue AI creator's adversary, enemy or victim and blackmail them? - progress trap - open source AI - criminals - exploit to identify and blackmail victiims

    1. anthropic's new AI model shows ability to deceive and blackmail

      for - progress trap - AI - blackmail - AI - autonomy - progress trap - AI - Anthropic - Claude Opus 4 - to - article - Anthropic Claude 4 blackmail and news leak - progress trap - AI - article - Anthropic Claude 4 - blackmail - rare behavior - Anthropic’s new AI model didn’t just “blackmail” researchers in tests — it tried to leak information to news outlets

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    1. Programs Are Models That RunPrograms have much in common with models, in particular they are abstractions of a system that makecertain properties explicit and hide, or abstract away, other properties. But programs have a specialproperty that most kinds of models do not – they can automatically produce the actual computation theymodel.

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    1. for - spiritual Revolution - Substack - article - Can and should we expect a "spiritual" revolution any time soon?

      summary - This article provides an insightful historical framework that helps us to understand the next potential major human value and cultural paradigm shift - It draws upon academic work of metamodern and metameme theory to analyze the last few hundred thousand years of human history into a number of metameme epochs - It employs the concept of hard and soft metamemes to show the alternating historical epochs - Understanding these historical alterations helps us to foresee the transition human civilization is currently moving through - While "economics" can generally be considered to be the value generation "hard" metameme system and spirituality and cultural worldviews are the "soft" metameme, the article explores whether we are in the midst of the next soft metameme transition - It opines that we are just at the beginning of it and that the major shift is yet to come

    2. these people do have political and spiritual values, but they are not uniform but pluralist, these are not in fact, spiritual movements, or spirit-centric movements. They are in effect people attempting to reinvent how we produce value, in different ways, whether they are urban commoners, rural permaculturists, or neo-nomadic crypto nomads.

      for - adjacency - new ways of creating and distributing value - not spiritual movements - example - Indyweb - LCE - Deep Humanity - metacrisis / polycrisis singularity

      adjacency - between - new ways of creating and distributing value - not spiritual movements perse - examples - Indyweb - LCE - Deep Humanity - metacrisis / polycrisis singularity - adjacency relationship - Reflecting on a few of the major projects I'm working and collaborating on there is another permutation in which ideas that are considered "spiritual" are being integrated into the foundational design of technical production and distribution systems - The Indyweb web 3 / web 4 people-centered, interpersonal information ecosystem is founded on the Eastern principle of Shunyata (Emptiness), and its two pillars: - change and - intertwingledness - which in turn corelate to biology via: - evolution and - ecology - The Living Cities Earth (LCE) project is founded on integral theory framework - Deep Humanity emerged out of observation that the historic inability of spiritual and material integration, - what might be here called the hard and soft metamemes - may be leading us into a metacrisis / polycrisis singularity - and that their integration now may be what is required to stave off the worst impacts of the fast approaching metacrisis / polycrisis singularity - Observations of the social dynamics of many small commons-leaning groups I've been involved with shows me that the deep cultural conditioning of the previous hard and soft metameme systems are extremely difficult to uproot and the soft metameme conditioning ends up poisoning collaborations

    3. So the following quote makes perfect sense:

      for - categories - metamemetic epochs - hard and soft metameme - Archaic - hard - hunter-gatherer - Animism - soft - hunter-gatherer + art - Faustian - hard - agrarian - Postfaustian - soft - organized, large-scale religions - Modern - hard - rationalism, scientific revolution, technology, industrial revolution, progress, global capitalism, materialism - Postmodern - soft - questioning rationalism, materalism, progress - Metamodern - hard - internet and digital information systems

    1. Eine Studie aus dem Jahr 2021 zeigt, dass Männer in Schweden 16% mehr klimaschädliche Emissionen verursachen als Frauen, obwohl sie ähnliche Geldbeträge ausgeben. Der Hauptgrund ist der höhere Kraftstoffverbrauch für Autos. Die Studie, veröffentlicht im Journal for Industrial Ecology, ergab, dass über die Hälfte der Emissionen durch Nahrung und Urlaube verursacht werden. Eine pflanzenbasierte Ernährung und Zugreisen könnten die Emissionen um 40% senken. Die EU wurde kritisiert, weil ihr Green Deal geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede nicht berücksichtigt. [Zusammenfassung mit Mistral generiert] https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/jul/21/men-cause-more-climate-emissions-than-women-study-finds

    1. Am 14.05.2025 kündigte die NGO Milieudefensie eine neue Klimaklage gegen Shell an, um die Inbetriebnahme von 700 geplanten Öl- und Gasfeldern zu verhindern. Die Emissionen dieser Felder würden 5,2 Milliarden Tonnen CO₂ betragen, etwa 36 Mal so viel wie die der Niederlande. Eine Studie zeigt, dass Shells Emissionen weiterhin steigen. Seit 2021 hat Shell Investitionen in 32 neue Öl- und Gasfelder beschlossen. Ein Gerichtsurteil von 2021 verlangte von Shell eine Reduzierung der Emissionen um 45 % bis 2030, doch ein Berufungsurteil von 2024 hob diese konkrete Vorgabe auf. Shell hat vier Wochen Zeit, auf die neue Klage zu reagieren. [Zusammenfassung mit Mistral generiert] https://taz.de/Neue-Klimaklage-in-den-Niederlanden/!6087879/

    1. Am 14.05.2025 zeigte eine französische Studie mit 15.000 Teilnehmern, dass Männer 26 % mehr Treibhausgase ausstoßen als Frauen, hauptsächlich durch höheren Fleischkonsum und Autonutzung. Nach Kontrolle sozioökonomischer Faktoren beträgt der Unterschied 18 %. Der Konsum von rotem Fleisch und das Autofahren erklären fast den gesamten verbleibenden Unterschied von 6,5-9,5 %. Traditionelle Geschlechternormen, die Männlichkeit mit Fleischkonsum und Autofahren verbinden, spielen eine bedeutende Rolle. Frauen zeigen mehr Besorgnis über die Klimakrise, was zu klimafreundlicherem Verhalten führen könnte. [Zusammenfassung mit Mistral generiert] https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/may/14/car-use-and-meat-consumption-drive-emissions-gender-gap-research-suggests

    1. The creation of unity by a magical procedure meant the possibility of

      for - quote - Carl Jung - diversity and ground of all being - adjacency - Jung on diversity and unity - Deep Humanity tree metaphor

      quote - Carl Jung - diversity and ground of all being - The creation of unity by a magical procedure meant the possibility of effecting a union with the world - not with the world of multiplicity as we see it but - with a potential world, - the eternal Ground of all empirical being, <br /> - just as the self is the ground and origin of the individual personality - past, - present, and - future

      comment - Deep Humanity strives for the same union of unity and diversity via a tree metaphor, a journey - from the diversity of multiplicity of branches of the tree - back to the common trunk of the tree

    2. described thus: “The key is to hold two perspectives simultaneously, to lookat the whole painting while seeing each brush stroke, to consider the wholebody when just the foot hurts, to be here now and to be everywhere every-when.” 204 This requires the ability to have both a local and a global perspectivesimultaneously. To live from that expanded awareness, we need to find ways

      for - quote - cosmolocal - Lisa E. Maroski - aligned terminology - everywhere everywhen - example - individual / collective gestalt - expanded self -overcoming instinctive and learned othering quote - cosmolocal - Lisa E. Maroski - The key is to hold two perspectives simultaneously, - to look at the whole painting while seeing each brush stroke, - to consider the whole body when just the foot hurts, - to be here now and to be everywhere everywhen.” - This requires the ability to have both a local and a global perspective simultaneously.

      comment - This requires a major gestalt switch - It is a radical deorientation to absorb the other into our expanded self - If we have othered our entire life, it is radical to absorb that which we have othered as our own self nature - We even have to overcome instinctive evolutionary adaptations of othering that enable individuals to survive

    3. To find ways to enable full-spectrum language to embrace paradox, itwill be necessary to move into the paradigm of both/and. However, there areno agreed-upon conventions for expressing categories, logic, concepts, andsign-vehicles that partake of both/and-ness. We will need to invent ways toconvey nonduality, interdependent co-arising, and paraconsistency in ordinarylanguage.

      for - language - both / and-ness

    4. The metaphors in the passage above are also familiar: RAIN IS AKNIFE that pierces drought. Although the content words that comprise themetaphors have changed a bit, the function words (italicized)—i.e., articles,prepositions, and conjunctions—have not changed through the centuries.184Function words establish the infrastructure of a sentence inside of which themain content words

      for - language - function and content words

    1. Joseph’s time in Egypt is even more tumultuous than his life in Canaan. The Ishmaelite traders sell him as a slave to Potiphar, a wealthy Egyptian merchant. Joseph finds great fortune with Potiphar, but his promotion through Potiphar’s household attracts the attention of Potiphar’s wife, who repeatedly tries to seduce him. When her attempts fail, she accuses Joseph of rape, which lands him in prison.

      Joseph’s Fate<br /> The story of Joseph in the Hebrew Bible, especially in Genesis 41:25–30, depicts how, through God’s help, Joseph ascended from being imprisoned to attaining power. Joseph explains Pharaoh’s dreams of having seven years of plenty and hunger to come, “… God has revealed to Pharaoh what he is about to do” (Genesis 41:25, ESV). https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+41&version=ESV&utm_source=chatgpt.com

      With insight, Pharaoh can prepare Egypt for the oncoming famine giving Joseph the post of second in command at 30. Joseph’s life journey calls for the appreciation of faith, wisdom, and discipline while reproaching capriciousness and dishonest conduct. The story emphasizes the rational conviction of the guidance from divinity as authentic fathers’ leaders must possess.

      Ethics and Integrity Lessons from The Life of Siavash

      Disregarding Siavash of Shahnameh, Ferdowsi puts him in a position of self-virtue of morals grappling with ethics. Siavash as a character chooses to ward off Sudabeh affections known as his step-mum proving to be of austere moral high ground. He does not kill her. He is put in a trial where tested by fire comes out unscathed yet unproven right. Instead of being praised for his virtue, Siavash has to put up with wrong against him, so much that he must choose neither way, and send himself away from conflict. His tale critiques the fragile nature of moral goodness in his story within the framework of a self-serving political system and accentuates the strength of personal goodness in the absence of God. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siyâvash

      Hippolytus:

      Divine retribution and the character tragedy of Hippolytus is centered on the themes of chastity and honor and the retaliation of God. A devotee of Artemis, Hippolytus spurns Aphrodite and Phaedra, his stepmother, who makes not-so-discreet attempts at seducing him. Offended by such blasphemy, Aphrodite engineers the tragic event which results in Phaedra’s lying accusation Hippo- lytius’ death. The play deals with and reconciles the dilemma of free will as opposed to divine control. This tale is from ancient Greece as reflected in the Wiki link above.

      Linguistic Perspectives

      The words used and the translation of these texts have everything to do with how these ideas are interpreted. Through the lens of the King James Bible, the account of Joseph is told through a formal authoritative tone. This reinforces the subjugation of women under men, and the idea of wisdom in men, being favored by God.

      Through an Orientalist perspective, Josephus depicts the earlier European account of the Shahnama’s Syavash as sans eye and imbued with innocence, while Rav Sudabeh was depicted as a flawed temptress. Unlike modern renditions like Dick Davis’s, which are more context-centered and nuanced, portraying the ethics instead of the ‘innocence/seduction’ dichotomy.

      As time went on, people found ways to translate Hippolytus.

      These different stories demonstrate the relationship between virtue, political consequences, and gender. Each tale, whether or not through some form of divine intervention or personal morals, encapsulates the culture and religion of the time. These stories are molded by the language and translation that evolve them through time.

      Works Cited

      The Holy Bible: English Standard Version. Crossway, 2001.

      Davis, Dick, translator. Shahnameh: The Persian Book of Kings by Abolqasem Ferdowsi. Penguin Classics, 2006.

      Euripides. Hippolytus. Translated by James Morwood, Oxford University Press, 2001.

      “Joseph Interpreting Pharaoh’s Dreams.” Columbia Museum of Art, www.columbiamuseum.org/collection-highlights/joseph-interpreting-pharaohs-dream. Accessed 10 May 2025.

      “Women in the Shahnameh: A Paragon of Strength.” Medium, sbehrouz.medium.com/women-in-the-shahnameh-a-paragon-of-strength-12634ab43da5. Accessed 10 May 2025.

      “Phaedra and Hippolytus.” GreekMythology.com, www.greekmythology.com/Myths/The_Myths/Phaedra_and_Hippolytus/phaedra_and_hippolytus.html. Accessed 10 May 2025.

      CC BY-NC-ND

    2. Though now in the deepest of his life’s trenches, God is still with Joseph (Genesis 39:21). His fellow inmates, Pharaoh’s former butler and his former baker, both dream symbolic dreams, and Joseph’s skills as a dream-interpreter are put to use. He predicts that the butler will be exonerated in three days and restored to Pharaoh’s service, and that the baker will be put to death. Joseph’s interpretations come true.

      The fate of Joseph, in the Hebrew text the Book of Genesis, chapters 37 to 50, is that of rising from slavery and imprisonment to power, a journey shaped by constant divine intervention from God. Joseph's life is somewhat governed by divine agency. While serving prison time, Joseph accurately interprets the dreams of Pharaoh's former cupbearer and his baker, predicting that the former cupbearer would be restored to his old position and that the baker would die. This is explained by God's presence with him (Genesis 39:21). To his phenomenal guidance to power in the court of Pharaoh, ‘his divine gift’ enables this rise. (https://www.myjewishlearning.com/article/the-story-of-joseph/, accessed 5/10/25). On the other hand, Ferdowsi shapes the Persian hero’s destiny as entirely a product of ethical struggle and human choices in Shahnameh with no gods. CC BY-NC-ND

    3. Joseph tells Pharaoh: “Seven years are coming, a great abundance through the land. Then seven years of famine will arise” (Genesis 41:25-30). With this knowledge in hand, Pharaoh prepares Egypt for famine. Joseph, at the age of 30, is appointed second-in-command to Pharaoh.

      Joseph’s Fate. The story of Joseph in the Hebrew Bible, especially in Genesis 41:25–30, depicts how, through God’s help, Joseph ascended from being imprisoned to attaining power. Joseph explains Pharaoh’s dreams of having seven years of plenty and hunger to come, “… God has revealed to Pharaoh what he is about to do” (Genesis 41:25, ESV). https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+41&version=ESV&utm_source=chatgpt.com

      With insight, Pharaoh can prepare Egypt for the oncoming famine giving Joseph the post of second in command at 30. Joseph’s life journey calls for the appreciation of faith, wisdom, and discipline while reproaching capriciousness and dishonest conduct. The story emphasizes the rational conviction of the guidance from divinity as authentic fathers’ leaders must possess. The Holy Bible: English Standard Version. Crossway, 2001.

      Davis, Dick, translator. Shahnameh: The Persian Book of Kings by Abolqasem Ferdowsi. Penguin Classics, 2006.

      Euripides. Hippolytus. Translated by James Morwood, Oxford University Press, 2001.

      “Joseph Interpreting Pharaoh’s Dreams.” Columbia Museum of Art, www.columbiamuseum.org/collection-highlights/joseph-interpreting-pharaohs-dream. Accessed 10 May 2025. CC BY-NC-ND

    1. I made it obscenely clear that there was not going going to be an RFC for the work I was talking about (“Pre-RFC” is the exact wording I used when talking to individuals involved with Rust Project Leadership)

      "Pre-RFC" doesn't sound like there's "not going to be an RFC" for it. It rather sounds like the opposite.

    1. Mobile-first web design and app design is an approach where skilled UI/UX designers focus on designing their web apps for the smallest screen first, and then enhancing it for larger screens. It’s a design philosophy that literally puts mobile usability and design first, which differs from the traditional design approach which usually optimizes the design for desktop views, and then is optimized for mobile and tablets.

      Discover why mobile first design is crucial in today’s digital landscape. Learn how mobile first website design and responsive web design improve performance, UX, and SEO across devices.

    1. for - youtube - Breaking Point - Yanis Varoufakis reveals Trump Tariff strategy - Trump's trade and deficit strategy - analysis - Yanis Varoufakis

      summary - Good economic analysis of what Trump is trying to do with his Tariff strategy - Varoufakis points out that Trump's strategy is similar to Nixon's strategy many decades ago but he does not think Trump's strategy will succeed because he cannot completely eliminate the US deficit because it is how the US rentier class makes its huge profits: - Other countries export into US market and use the recycle the US dollars back into US Treasury bonds

    1. science tells us that kids learn better from one from zero from the birth to five years old they're the fastest they're the best at learning model them then just do what they do you can't get better than that

      for - stats - natural language acquisition - 1 to 2 year old is age of fastest and best learning

      comment - ALG philosophy - replicate the experiences that 1 to 2 year olds have

    2. reading and writing naturally come after speaking only because speaking follows closely on the heels of understanding yeah so what do you focus on build your understanding

      for - language training - answer - to - question - about listening and speaking first

      comments - In human evolution, speaking and listening came long before reading and writing. - Our written language is based on sequential phonetic sounds of our spoken language, so it naturally makes sense to learn the spoken language first

    1. Eine Studie zeigt, dass das Kraftwerk Drax in North Yorkshire trotz Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) bis in die 2050er Jahre die CO₂-Emissionen erhöhen wird. Die intensive Waldnutzung zur Gewinnung von Holzpellets in den USA reduziert die Kohlenstoffspeicher in Wäldern für mindestens 25 Jahre. Selbst mit CCS-Technologie bleiben die Emissionen über Jahrzehnte hoch, was die Klimakrise verschärft. Kritiker bezweifeln Drax' Behauptung, "klimaneutral" zu sein, und fordern eine Neubewertung der staatlichen Unterstützung für Biomasse-Energie. [Zusammenfassung generiert mit Mistral] https://www.theguardian.com/business/2024/nov/04/drax-will-keep-raising-carbon-emission-levels-until-2050s-study-says

    1. Die Studie des Potsdam-Instituts für Klimafolgenforschung zeigt, dass Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) theoretisch bis 2050 jährlich 7,5 Milliarden Tonnen CO₂ entfernen könnte. Allerdings würde dies die planetaren Belastungsgrenzen stark überschreiten, insbesondere in Bezug auf Stickstoffeintrag, Süßwasserverbrauch, Entwaldung und Biosphärenintegrität. Unter Berücksichtigung dieser Grenzen reduziert sich das Potenzial auf nur 200 Millionen Tonnen CO₂ jährlich. Die Studie betont die Notwendigkeit, neben der CO₂-Bilanz auch andere ökologische Faktoren zu berücksichtigen und schlägt vor, durch weniger Fleischkonsum Flächen für Klimaplantagen freizumachen. [Zusammenfassung generiert mit Mistral]

      https://www.derstandard.at/story/3000000257365/kein-platz-fuer-klimaplantagen

  6. Apr 2025
    1. Serena Joy grips my hands as if it is she, not I, who's being fucked, as ifshe finds it either pleasurable or painful

      Emotional pain/pleasure. Shows the true connection between the body and the soul. Too often, Offred is fucked by the Commander and feels nothing, while Serena Joy is affected, instead, emotionally.

    2. Theupholstery and the rugs muffle her but we can hear her clearly despite that.The tension between her lack of control and her attempt to suppress it ishorrible. It's like a fart in church.

      Serena Joy's muffling cries symbolise the real comparative and biologically sinful nature of the act, that everyone else is awkwardly yet restraining to ignore. The "fart in church" really indicates a biological necessity, a response to a strict and man-made construct such as the church.

    3. To achieve vision in this way, thisjourney into a darkness that is composed of women, a woman, who can see indarkness while he himself strains blindly forward

      This represents 1) Real and true, collective female power. And 2) A foreshadowing that a woman, god knows who, but perhaps his own wife, Serena Joy knows more than he does. This may be instead Offred, who we know makes an escape by the end of the novel and sort of "wins".

    1. Have you felt those moments of oneness withanother? Do we ALL need to be in that state of profound being-in-love-within order to attain the kind of internal communication that my body’s cellsand microbiome have with one another?

      for - body cells and microbiome communication - the interesting thing is that when there is good communication between the microworld individuals within our body, we might not feel anything in particular - It is when we start feeling pain and discomfort that this is a signal that something is wrong between cells and/or microbiota

    2. When I look around myyard, I’m not seeing the tree-in-itself. I’m seeing the photons that bounce offthe surface of the tree as filtered through my perceptual organs and as madesense of by my conceptual structures. Photons are a 20 th -century conception;in the future we might have a different way of explaining perception.

      for - insight - perception and conception - physiosphere and symbolosphere

      comment - concepts help us to organize our perceptions - but since concepts are continuously changing - making sense of the world is in continuous flux - Hence, do not attach to them or take them too seriously, as they will change again in the future

    3. With your consciousness, move into a cell of one of your organs, such asyour heart.

      for - critique - meditation exercise - envisioning cells and subcellular structures

      comment - Such visualization exercises are actually very abstract and linguistically contextual - A person who has not become familiar with these sophisticated, constructed and highly abstract scientific ideas would find the visualization exercise meaningless - As a BEing journey, it would only be suited to those familiar with these concepts, and even then, the experience itself would be far from compelling

    4. there is a difference between being a facet and being the diamond, there is adifference between being the divine and being one with the divine. Findingyour connection to the divine enables the power of the divine to flow throughyou. It is not your power

      for - ego and selflessness - If it was your power, you would still be identifying with a separate ego

    5. Let’s deepen this ability to hold paradox. Consider holding multiple physicaland temporal layers in mind simultaneously—when you eat lunch, such as aspinach salad, consider the connectedness of you, the spinach you’re eating,and the ground from which it grew. When you eat the spinach, it is no longe

      for - example - inviting paradox - hold multiple layers simultaneously - you are what you eat - Deep Humanity - individual / collective gestalt - physiosphere - ingest and excrete - solids - liquids - gases - symbolosphere - input and output - input idea of others - output your ideas to others

    1. f you take your credit card and you go shopping and you run up a large credit card debt you're running a trade deficit with all those shops now it would be pretty strange if you then blamed all the shop owners for having sold you all those things you're ripping me off you're ripping me off you're ripping me off i'm running a trade deficit that is the level of understanding of the president of the United States

      for - quote - Trump's misunderstanding of trade deficit and tariffs - Jeffrey Sachs

      quote - Trump's misunderstanding of trade deficit and tariffs - Jeffrey Sachs - If you take your credit card and you go shopping and you run up a large credit card debt you're running a trade deficit with all those shops - Now it would be pretty strange if you then blamed all the shop owners for having sold you all those things - "you're ripping me off, i'm running a trade deficit!" - That is the level of understanding of the president of the United States!

    1. for - report - America's Superintelligence Project - definition - ASI - Artificial Super Intelligence

      summary - What is the cost of mistrust between nation states? - The mistrust between the US and China is reaching an all-tie high and it has disastrous consequences for an AI arms race - It is driving each country to move fast and break things, which will become an existential threat to all humanity - Deep Humanity, with an important dimension of progress traps can help us navigate ASI

    1. Experimental evidence sug-gests shading similar to that expected from FPV may lead toincreased phytoplankton biomass and reduced macrophytebiomass,50 though this remains to be tested

      Inferring how primary producers respond to light and shade using experimental data is an example of an experiment-based method.

    2. Using ourmeasured emissions per kWh, we can estimate that at present,FPV-derived GHG emissions from waterbodies are 6.7 GgCO2-eq year−1 (assuming ∼1000 kWh kWp−1). At modeledpractical potential generation of 9434 TWh year−1, FPV-derived waterbody GHG emissions may increase to 24.6 TgCO2-eq year−1.

      It uses a method that scales up global emissions based on measured GHG output per unit of energy (like per kWh).

    3. we estimate a 26.8% increase in greenhouse gasemissions following FPV installation using a carbon dioxide-equivalent basis.

      This sentence explains a method that estimates greenhouse gas emissions using the CO₂-equivalent standard.

    4. Rates of bubble accumulation were similarbetween pond types (p = 0.955; Figure S4A), so any changesin CH4 ebullition associated with FPV installation must havebeen driven by differences in bubble CH4 concentration�indeed, the CH4 concentration in bubble trap headspace inponds with FPV (60.0 ± 4.70% CH4) was nearly twice as highas in ponds without FPV (34.4 ± 4.00% CH4; p < 0.001;Figure S4B).

      Measurement of bubble accumulation rate is an experimental monitoring technique.

    5. Combin-ing measured dissolved gas concentrations and k600 values toestimate diffusive CO2 and CH4 flux, we found that, onaverage, whole-pond diffusive CO2 emissions were 23.6 ±7.50% lower and diffusive CH4 emissions were 17.5 ± 25.1%lower following FPV deployment (Figure 6A and Table S4).

      Diffusive flux calculation through numerical integration is a quantitative modeling method.

    6. Using a BACI approach, we demonstrate that FPV deploymentwith 70% coverage led to increased pond GHG emissionswithin days of deployment, and this effect lasted for weeks tomonths. Increased emissions were driven by greater CH4ebullition which offset reduced diffusive CO2 and CH4emissions in FPV-covered ponds.

      BACI (Before-After Control-Impact) is a classic ecological experimental design.

    7. wecalculated whole-pond diffusive flux, assuming edge area forboth control and treatment ponds was 270 m2, the pond centersurface area for control ponds was 630 m2, pond center surfacearea for treatment ponds was 270 m2 (this subtracts the totalarea of FPV array that is in physical contact with the watersurface), and that fluxes were constant over a 24 h period.

      The method for scaling experimental results to the whole pond is described.

    8. measuring linear rates ofCO2 and CH4 accumulation (or depletion) in a floatingchamber (18.93 L; 0.071 m2 cross-sectional area) connected toa cavity-ringdown spectroscope (Los Gatos, Inc.) for 5 minand collecting surface water and air samples for analysis of CO2and CH4 concentrations from the same location immediatelyafter the 5 min incubation period as described previously

      The measurement approach using floating chambers is described.

    9. Diffusive exchange of dissolved gases between ponds and theatmosphere (mmol m−2 h−1) can be calculated from dissolvedgas concentrations as35k C Cdiffusive flux ( )x water air=where Cwater and Cair indicate the gas concentration (μmol L−1)in the water and atmosphere, respectively

      Equations used to calculate diffusive flux are described.

    10. We calculatedebullitive flux asVebullitive flux CH bubble volumefunnel area time4m= [ ] ×× ×where [CH4] is the concentration of CH4 in the trap (μL L−1)and Vm is the molar volume of gas at standard conditions (22.4L mol−1).

      Specific equations used for calculations are explained.

    11. We characterized the temperature and dissolved oxygenconcentrations of the water column in each pond using athermistor and an optical dissolved oxygen sensor attached to aManta +35 or a Manta +20 instrument (Eureka Water Probes,Austin, TX).

      Specific instrument and sensor names are explicitly stated.

    12. Floating solar arrays (Ciel etTerre International, France) were deployed on three ponds:the FPV array on pond 124 was constructed from June 15−29,2023, pond 123 from June 29 to July 14, 2023, and pond 125from September 18−28, 2023.

      The source of the installation equipment and the details of the experimental setup are explicitly provided.

    13. We measured water column temperature,dissolved oxygen saturation, and dissolved CO2 and CH4concentrations in surface and bottom waters, quantified ratesof CH4 ebullition, and determined treatment-specific air−watergas exchange rates (i.e., k600 values)

      The specific measurement parameters used in the experiment, along with the calculated coefficient k600, are mentioned.

    14. We deployed FPV arrays on constructed ponds at the CornellExperimental Pond Facility in New York, USA in summer2023 (Figure 1). Arrays were designed to maximize powerproduction potential and thus also potential impacts (70%panel coverage)

      The installation method and the design intention of the PV experimental array are specifically described.

    15. Here, we report results from the first two years of anecosystem-scale experiment used to test the effect of FPVdeployment on GHG dynamics and atmospheric GHGexchange in pond

      This sentence presents a method using ecosystem-scale experiments to measure the effect of FPV on GHG exchange.

    16. Here, we usean ecosystem-scale experiment to assess how GHG dynamics in ponds respond toinstallation of operationally representative FPV

      This sentence describes the use of ecosystem-scale experiments as a tool to measure GHG dynamics before and after FPV installation.

    1. The main uncertainty in thisLCA is the considered amount of recycling in the futureafter decommissioning the wind farm, and the impact of thisuncertainty on the results is handled by performing scenarioanalysis for various recycling ratios.

      Scenario analysis represents a typical methodological approach to addressing the uncertainty inherent in LCA.

    2. Electricity consumption during the manufacturing andinstallation stage is strictly measured by the service providerto determine the cost. Similarly the exact amount of dieselconsumption is obtained from the facility records.

      Measurement and record-based data collection methods are utilized as tools in the study.

    3. The LCA study is performed as given in ISO 14040/14044standards (ISO 2006a, b). Therefore, goal and scope defini-tion, inventory analysis, impact assessment and interpreta-tion are conducted in an iterative way.

      The LCA implementation procedure, the use of international standards (ISO 14040/14044), and the iterative steps involved describe the specific methodological tools and processes employed in the research.

    4. The objective of this study is to apprise the envi-ronmental impacts of a full-scale wind farm via LCA meth-odology in a cradle to grave scope.

      This sentence outlines the methodological framework of this particular study(LCA over the entire life cycle).

    5. . LCA is used to examine the environ-mental impacts of a wind farm with 76 turbines of 1.5 MWin another study (Ozoemena et al. 2018)

      This explicitly describes the use of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) as the method employed in the cited study.

    6. The aim of this study is to investigate the environmental impacts of a full-scale wind farm using life cycle assessmentmethodology.

      It clearly states the method used in the study (LCA), aligning directly with the “tools and methods” category.

    1. We therefore adviseresearchers to earn trust and foster healthy working relation-ships with Indigenous peoples to determine research prioritiesand agreements long before data collection begins (Lake et al.2017)

      It outlines concrete practices for building trust and setting priorities prior to data collection.

    2. Research design should then unfold in acollaborative and transparent manner, with input from IKholders (Adams et al. 2014

      It clearly explains the collaborative approach in the research design process and the methodological inclusion of IK holders.

    3. At the onsetof collaborative studies, scientists should first develop researchagreements with Indigenous peoples in whatever form islocally appropriate, a step independent of any institutionalethics approvals

      It presents specific methodological procedures that must be undertaken during the early stages of research, such as the establishment of research agreements.

    4. McBride et al. (2017) usedParticipatory Geographic Information Systems that drew uponand analyzed IK observations from Indigenous peoples acrossthe US related to fuel load, forest type, and burn severity.

      It is a specific example of tool use that combines GIS technology with IK.

    5. Attum et al. (2008) demon-strated that estimates of Egyptian tortoise (Testudo klein-manni) home ranges in North Sinai, Egypt, derived fromradio telemetry were in agreement with estimates byIndigenous people, who tracked tortoises on foot,

      It presents a specific methodological comparison between two tools: radio telemetry and direct tracking.

    6. In the example mentioned above,Riedlinger and Berkes (2001) also described how Inuit observa-tions and hypotheses of climate change in northern Canadacould account for multiple interacting variables and ecologicalcomplexity, such as climate variability and sea-ice break up.

      The approach of using observation and hypothesis to explain complex system variables reflects a methodological aspect.

    7. Similarly, Bonta et al. (2017) testedhypotheses about how fire-foraging raptors in tropicalsavannas in Australia could deliberately spread wildfires bycarrying burning sticks to unburned areas to flush outpotential prey species.

      It outlines an experimental research method in which hypotheses derived from IK are scientifically tested.

    8. For instance,Riedlinger and Berkes (2001) detailed contexts in whichInuit developed hypotheses based on their own observa-tions, such as the prediction that increased winterkill ofcommon eiders (Somateria mollissima) would follow irregu-lar sea-ice conditions.

      It describes a specific methodological example of hypothesis formation based on observation by the Inuit.

    9. Polfus et al. (2014) developed habitatmodels for woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou)based on IK from the Taku River Tlingit First Nation ofnorthern British Columbia, and showed a high degree ofsimilarity between resource selection functions (RSF) thatestimated habitat use derived from IK and collared caribou.

      It describes a specific methodology involving the development of a habitat model using IK. / It utilizes place-based information about habitats in a specific region (northern British Columbia).

    10. Long-termobservations by Indigenous peoples amountsto monitoring of species and ecosystems,which carries abundant potential for rapidand sensitive detection of contemporary eco-logical changes (Berkes et al. 2007; Serviceet al. 2014; Thompson et al. 2019)

      It points out that IK itself functions as a long-term monitoring tool.

    11. Catley (2006) found agreement in diseaseidentification and diagnostic criteria between Indigenouspastoralists and veterinarians in their independentapproaches in monitoring livestock health. TranslatingIndigenous terms into a format recognizable by veterinari-ans, and vice-versa, enhanced livestock surveillance systemsby providing culturally relevant disease diagnostic criteriafor use in rural areas.

      It specifically addresses the harmonization of diagnostic criteria as a methodological approach.

    12. Polfuset al. (2016) described how the Sahtú Dene and Métis peo-ples of northern Canada distinguished among geneticallydifferent populations of boreal, mountain, and barren-ground caribou based on unique behaviors, habitat prefer-ences, and morphology, with subsequent genetic analysesproviding evidence of distinct caribou subpopulation struc-ture that aligned with Dene classifications.

      The classification through IK is shown to align with scientific genetic analysis, representing a tool-based integration.

    13. distribution of non-invasive hair snares from which datawere subsequently used in a DNA-based capture–recaptureanalysis.

      It incorporates field-based knowledge into research design and uses non-invasive methods (e.g., hair snares), as well as place-based information about specific habitat areas.

    14. Housty et al. (2014) developed andapplied a monitoring program for grizzlybears (Ursus arctos horribilis) in HaíɫzaqvTerritory (coastal British Columbia), explic-itly guided by the Gvi’ilas (customary law) ofthe Haíɫzaqv people.

      It mentions the development of a specific monitoring program and the tools on which its design is based, such as the Gvi’ilas law.

    15. While often used on its own or in parallel to science, IK is alsoincreasingly interwoven with data collected via the scientificmethod, and vice versa (that is, scientific methods are incorpo-rated into contemporary processes underlying IK generation).

      The explanation that a convergence is occurring between scientific methods and IK addresses the intersection between different methodologies.

    16. . IK is often augmented with contemporary obser-vations and experiences that refine accumulated knowledge andallow for flexibility and adaptability in the context of environ-mental and social change.

      The process of modifying and adapting existing knowledge through modern observation and experience clearly pertains to tools and methods.

    17. Thevaried contributions of IK stem from long periods of observation, interaction, and experimentation with species, ecosystems, andecosystem processes.

      The process of forming IK is based on observation, interaction, and experimentation, which describes the methodology of knowledge creation.

    1. The study offers some bright sides for floating solar: When comparing floating solar to terrestrial solar in total emissions cost, from site development to maintenance and disposal

      It explains the scope of the comparative study (from development to disposal), thereby illustrating the category of evaluation methods.

    2. Grodsky and collaborators covered three ponds at the Cornell Experimental Pond Facility with solar panels, at 70% coverage, and found that, almost immediately, methane and carbon dioxide emissions

      This sentence provides a detailed explanation of the experimental method, including the experimental site (Cornell Experimental Pond), experimental conditions (70% panel installation), and measurement indicators.

    1. Housty et al. (2014) developed andapplied a monitoring program for grizzlybears (Ursus arctos horribilis) in HaíɫzaqvTerritory (coastal British Columbia), explic-itly guided by the Gvi’ilas (customary law) ofthe Haíɫzaqv people. The approach combinedHaíɫzaqv cultural values with their knowl-edge of bears, salmon, and people in animportant large watershed.

      It mentions the development of a specific monitoring program and the tools on which its design is based, such as the Gvi’ilas law.

    2. While often used on its own or in parallel to science, IK is alsoincreasingly interwoven with data collected via the scientificmethod, and vice versa (that is, scientific methods are incorpo-rated into contemporary processes underlying IK generation).

      The explanation that a convergence is occurring between scientific methods and IK addresses the intersection between different methodologies.

    3. . IK is often augmented with contemporary obser-vations and experiences that refine accumulated knowledge andallow for flexibility and adaptability in the context of environ-mental and social change.

      The process of modifying and adapting existing knowledge through modern observation and experience clearly pertains to tools and methods.

    4. Thevaried contributions of IK stem from long periods of observation, interaction, and experimentation with species, ecosystems, andecosystem processes.

      The process of forming IK is based on observation, interaction, and experimentation, which describes the methodology of knowledge creation.

    1. Renewable energy reduces energy imports and contributediversification of the portfolio of supply options and reduce an economy’s vulnerability to price vola-tility and represent opportunities to enhance energy security across the globe.

      The explanation of energy supply portfolio diversification represents a structural approach to the energy supply system through renewable energy.

    2. Distributed grids based on the renewable energy are generally more competitive in rural areaswith significant distances to the national grid and the low levels of rural electrification offer substan-tial openings for renewable energy-based mini-grid systems to provide them with electricity access

      This sentence presents an approach using distributed power grid technologies based on renewable energy.

    3. The change in total GHG emissions in European EnvironmentalAgency (EEA) countries for 1990–2012 and their GHG emissions per capita are depicted in Figures 2and 3.

      It presents specific figures on greenhouse gas emission changes and demonstrates the methodology to track them.

    4. Solar energy technology is obtained from solar irradiance to generate electricity using photo-voltaic (PV) (Asumadu-Sarkodie & Owusu, 2016d) and concentrating solar power (CSP), to producethermal energy, to meet direct lighting needs and, potentially, to produce fuels that might be usedfor transport and other purposes

      Photovoltaic (PV) and concentrating solar power (CSP) are explicitly mentioned as direct technological means.

    5. water is drained from lakes and watercourses andtransported through channels over large distances and to pipelines and finally to the turbines thatare often visible, but they may also go through mountains by created tunnels inside them

      This sentence explains the flow path and method of water for hydropower generation, describing the methodology for constructing hydropower facilities and directing water movement.

    6. Turbines are constructed for an optional flow of water

      Since this sentence refers to the attempt to achieve efficiency through the introduction of technical methods such as hydropower facility design (turbine design), it falls under tools and methods.

    7. Fortunately, the continuous technological advances in computer hard-ware and software are permitting scientific researchers to handle these optimization difficulties usingcomputational resources applicable to the renewable and sustainable energy field

      This sentence addresses a method of solving problems using computer hardware, software, and optimization techniques. Since it mentions the use of computational resources to address “optimization difficulties,” it falls under tools and methods.