【洞察】台积电公开表示无法满足 AI 芯片需求——这句话的背后是:Alphabet $85B、OpenAI $122B、Anthropic $65B 的巨量资本,全部被一个物理瓶颈卡住了。台积电不只是一家公司,它是全球 AI 军备竞赛的单点故障。当全球最聪明的工程师用再多的钱,也无法绕过 EUV 光刻机的产能极限时,「AI 超级周期」在硬件层面的天花板就清晰了。这是所有 AI 战略规划中最被低估的约束条件。
- Jun 2026
- May 2026
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www.latent.space www.latent.space
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the best data filter may be **no filter**, with projections suggesting the crossover for internet-scale pools lands around **1e30 FLOPs**
这一数据点提出了一个有趣的假设:在足够大的计算规模(约1e30 FLOPs)下,不进行数据过滤可能是最佳选择。这一数字远超当前实际可用的计算资源,表明这一理论极限尚未在实践中达到。然而,这一观点挑战了当前AI数据处理的最佳实践,可能暗示随着计算能力的持续增长,数据预处理的重要性可能会降低,这对AI基础设施的设计有重要启示。
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blog.cloudflare.com blog.cloudflare.com
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Stripe then sets a default limit of $100.00 USD/month as the maximum the agent can spend on any one provider.
令人震惊的数据:默认预算限制为每月100美元,保护用户免受意外高额费用。
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Stripe then sets a default limit of $100.00 USD/month as the maximum the agent can spend on any one provider.
值得注意的代码示例:设置代理每月支出的默认限制为100美元,这有助于防止意外开销。
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- Apr 2026
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www.scientificamerican.com www.scientificamerican.com
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Erdős also noticed that the score drops if all of a set's numbers are large—the larger the numbers, the less large the score could become. He guessed that as the set's numbers approached infinity, the maximum score would drop to exactly one.
这个数据点提供了具体的数学预测值'1',这是一个精确的量化结果。当数字趋近于无穷大时,分数降至1的预测展示了数学中的极限概念,这是AI可能帮助验证的精确数学命题。'exactly one'的表述强调了数学的精确性。
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www.understandingai.org www.understandingai.org
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METR pays human programmers a minimum of $50 per hour, so getting a baseline for a single 160-hour task would cost at least $8,000.
一道测试题的人类基准成本高达 8000 美元——这个数字揭示了 AI 评测的一个被严重低估的物理限制:测量 AI 能力需要大量人类劳动,而随着 AI 能力向「月级任务」延伸,建立可靠基准的成本将呈超线性增长。更根本的问题是:你很难让一个有能力的程序员花数周时间做一个「测试任务」,即便报酬丰厚。人类评测员的可获得性,将成为 AI 能力评估的真正天花板。
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arxiv.org arxiv.org
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we seek a posteriori error estimators whose constants do not blow up as 𝜀→0.
「ε→0 时常数不爆炸」这个需求揭示了传统方法的致命弱点:大多数能量估计方法在对流占主导(扩散系数 ε 趋于零)时,误差估计常数会以 ε⁻¹ 或更高阶发散,使估计器在实际问题中完全失效。本文的关键贡献正是构造了在整个对流-扩散谱(从抛物型到双曲型)上均匀有效的估计器——这在偏微分方程数值分析中是一个长期未解决的难题。
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accessmedicine.mhmedical.com accessmedicine.mhmedical.com
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Treatment of superficial vein reflux (see Varicose Veins, above) has been shown to decrease the recurrence rate of venous ulcers. Where there is substantial obstruction of the femoral or popliteal deep venous system, superficial varicosities supply the venous return and should not be removed.
Failure of venous insufficiency ulcerations to heal is most often due to inconsistent use of first-line treatment methods. Ongoing control of edema is essential to prevent recurrent ulceration; the use of compression stockings following ulcer healing is critical, with recurrence rates 2–20 times higher if compression stockings are not used
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- The examination also identifies patterns of disease that have treatment implications. Axial reflux is defined as uninterrupted retrograde flow from groin to calf and can occur in either superficial or deep systems. [4] Junctional reflux is limited to the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction, while segmental reflux occurs in a portion of a truncal vein. [4] Understanding whether reflux originates from superficial junctions versus deep venous incompetence fundamentally changes treatment planning, as superficial disease is amenable to ablation while deep disease typically requires conservative management
- Endovascular interventions for PTS—including percutaneous transluminal venoplasty and stenting—are reserved for select patients with significant iliofemoral obstruction who have failed conservative management. [7] These procedures require careful patient selection and standardized criteria. The role of superficial venous ablation in PTS patients with concomitant superficial reflux remains controversial and should be approached cautiously, as the underlying deep venous pathology may limit benefit
- Management of secondary varicose veins from post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is fundamentally different and more challenging. Compression therapy, lifestyle modifications, and symptom management form the cornerstone of PTS treatment. [4-8] Elastic compression stockings (20-30 mm Hg), leg elevation, weight loss, and exercise constitute the primary therapeutic approach
- Duplex ultrasound evaluation should assess blood flow direction, venous reflux, and venous obstruction, and include examination of the deep venous system, great saphenous vein (GSV), small saphenous vein (SSV) and its thigh extension (Giacomini vein), accessory saphenous veins, and perforating veins.
- Venography is recommended primarily in patients with post-thrombotic disease, especially when intervention is planned, as it provides greater anatomic detail than duplex ultrasonograph
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- Apr 2025
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journals.sagepub.com journals.sagepub.com
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In a resource-poor environment, the strategy is to create incompleteness, less organisation and to keep it partial and limited to a minimum of elements.
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- Oct 2024
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www.washingtonpost.com www.washingtonpost.com
- Sep 2024
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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i wanted to convey the sense that not doing something to stop that tide of limiting freedom um is not natural it's it it it's limiting to whatever natural telos there may be and to existence
for - claim - not intervening against Russia, that is trying to limit freedoms is not natural - Bernado Kastrup - counterexamples in ecology
comment - Isn't a predator species in nature naturally setting a limit on the prey species in the environment? - In that way, the predator population is acting as a limiter of freedom, but keeps the prey population in check and in balance - There are many cases in ecology where the (artificial) removal of a predator species in an existent, balanced ecosystem resulted in overpopulation of the prey species as - there is no predator population to keep them in check
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- Jul 2024
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www.cs.virginia.edu www.cs.virginia.edu
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The point here is that the human potential manifests itself in individuals.
Here is a hint that individuals, as the minimal embodiement of potential action, can be regarded as collaborating objects too
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- May 2024
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arxiv.org arxiv.org
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An escrow cache of unverified out-of-order event provides an opportunity for malicious at-tackers to send forged event that may fill up the cache as a type of denial of service attack. Forthis reason escrow caches are typically FIFO (first-in-first-out) where older events are flushed tomake room for newer events.
This may misfire, when there's a ton of valid events to sync, whose amount is greater than the cache limit.
May happen when adding a new witness, requiring to sync the entire history. (do we need to provide it the entire history though? only the last not-yet-verified events are of interest for the controller to be signed by the witness)
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- Apr 2024
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www.bilibili.com www.bilibili.com
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FROM之后,先WHERE,再ORDER BY, 再LIMIT
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- Sep 2023
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Leaky Bucket is implemented similarly to Token Bucket where OVER_LIMIT is returned when the bucket is full. However tokens leak from the bucket at a consistent rate which is calculated as duration / limit. This algorithm is useful for metering, as the bucket leaks allowing traffic to continue without the need to wait for the configured rate limit duration to reset the bucket to zero.
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- Jul 2023
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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transcendental need for reason as the vehicle of itself undermining
- insight
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there is a transcendental need for reason as the vehicle of itself undermining
- the only way to understand that
- reason isn't self-justifying
- there is knowledge that transcends reason
- is to use reason to reach a stage where you think reason might need to be abandoned,
- reason becomes most necessary
- Understanding the limits of reason requires reason
- that is the essence of Madhyamaka
- the only way to understand that
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comment
- when reason is turned upon itself, when consciousness studies itself, that is where paradoxes emerge - at the limits of thought and the limits of conceptualization
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- May 2023
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ption that previou
Make a note.
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- Aug 2022
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eprint.iacr.org eprint.iacr.org1007.pdf1
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Exception disorder
Solidity based. Irregularity in how exceptions are prioritized.
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a16zcrypto.com a16zcrypto.com
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Nevertheless, designers can limit the value of attacks by limiting the scope of what governance can do
Semi-DAO?
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- Jun 2022
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zettelkasten.de zettelkasten.de
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The Antinet’s permanent-address scheme, with its shifting nature, gives the system a unique personality. The Antinet’s unique personality stands as one of the most integral aspects of the system. A key component that enables insightful communication with a human being is the human’s personality–the person’s unique way of communicating with you based on their unique perspectives and interpretations. The Numeric-alpha addresses provide the Zettelkasten with a unique personality. Over time, unique structures form due to Numeric-alpha addresses. This is important because it allows one to communicate with the Antinet, transforming it into a communication experience with a second mind, a doppelgänger, or a ghost in a box, as Luhmann called it. (5)5 This is the entity Luhmann referred to when he titled his paper, Communicating with Noteboxes. Numeric-alpha addresses make all of this possible.
Scheper seems to indicate that it is the addressing system alone which provides the "personality" of a zettelkasten, whereby he's actively providing personification of a paper and pencil system by way of literacy. We need to look more closely, however at the idea of what communication truly is to discern this. A person might be able to read an individual card and have a conversation with just it, but this conversation will be wholly one sided, and stops at the level of that single card. We also need the links between that individual card and multiple others to fill in the rest of the resulting potential conversation. Or we will rely on the reader of the card extending the idea or linking it to others of their ideas (and that of the zettelkasten), to grow the system and thereby its "personality".
Thus the personality is part that of the collection of cards using their addresses and the links between them. This personality, however, isn't immediate. It might grow over time reaching some upper limit at the length of time of the user's life, but much of its personality is contingent upon the knowledge of the missing context of the system that is contained in or by its creator. Few zettelkasten will be so well composed as to provide full context. (cross reference: https://hyp.is/5gWedOs7Eeyrg2cTFW4iCg/niklas-luhmann-archiv.de/bestand/Zettelkasten/zettel/ZK_2_NB_9-8_V).
The question we might want to look at: Is there a limiting upper bound (a la a Shannon Limit) to the amount of information that a zettelkasten might contain or transmit, even beyond the life of an initial creator? Could it converse with itself without the assistance of an outside actor of some sort? What pieces are missing that might help us to define communication or even life itself?
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- Jan 2022
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towardsdatascience.com towardsdatascience.com
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Central Limit Theorem
the Central Limit Theorem tells us the sampling distribution of X̄ is closely approximated to a normal distribution.
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- May 2021
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Gayle, C. S. (now); D., Marsh, S., Rawlinson, K., Sullivan, H., Doherty (earlier), B., Boffey, D., & Smith, H. (2020, November 16). Sweden limits public gatherings to eight people – as it happened. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2020/nov/16/coronavirus-live-news-us-confirms-1m-cases-in-a-week-boris-johnson-selfisolating?page=with%3Ablock-5fb28c538f082807d3a4fcaa
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- infection
- lang:en
- COVID-19
- pandemic
- people
- limit
- death rate
- lockdown
- control
- death
- measure
- prime minister
- case
- gathering
- recommendation
- Sweden
- is:blog
- public
- restriction
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- Apr 2021
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Report claims watchdog looking into use of AstraZeneca jab for under-30s. (2021, April 5). The Guardian. http://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2021/apr/06/medicines-watchdog-says-no-decision-made-astrazeneca-jab-for-under-30s
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- Mar 2021
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behavioralscientist.org behavioralscientist.org
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Understanding the Outrage Over Altering Holiday Celebrations Despite COVID-19 Risks—By Daniel H. Stein & Juliana Schroeder Behavioral Scientist. (2020, November 23). Behavioral Scientist. https://behavioralscientist.org/understanding-the-outrage-over-altering-holiday-celebrations-despite-covid-19/
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- Nov 2020
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www.bio-rad.com www.bio-rad.com
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To detect foreign DNA in 5 ml of lake water, 15 ml of lake water must be screened.
Why is this multiplied by 3? Related to statistical error of subsampling - rule of three)
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- Sep 2020
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www.nature.com www.nature.com
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LOD was defined as <x>bi + ksbi, where <x>bi equals the mean of the no-template controls, sbi is s.d. of no-template controls and k = 2.479 (99% confidence interval)
ddPCR
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James Evans: The social limits of scientific certainty (Video). (n.d.). Metascience.com. Retrieved September 1, 2020, from https://metascience.com/events/metascience-2019-symposium/james-evans-social-limits-of-scientific-certainty/
Tags
- flocking
- certainty
- lang:en
- cross-discipline
- video
- social limit
- scientific practice
- talk
- advancement
- empirical demonstration
- webinar
- is:webpage
- metascience
- truth value
- discovery
- collaboration
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metascience.com/events/metascience-2019-symposium/james-evans-social-limits-of-scientific-certainty/ -
- Aug 2020
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covid-19.iza.org covid-19.iza.org
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Explaining Governors’ Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States. COVID-19 and the Labor Market. (n.d.). IZA – Institute of Labor Economics. Retrieved August 8, 2020, from https://covid-19.iza.org/publications/dp13137/
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- Jul 2020
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www-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov.ezproxy.rice.edu www-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov.ezproxy.rice.edu
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LoD = LoB + 1.645(SD low concentration sample)
LoD is the lowest analyte concentration likely to be reliably distinguished from the LoB and at which detection is feasible. LoD is determined by utilising both the measured LoB and test replicates of a sample known to contain a low concentration of analyte.
LoB is the highest apparent analyte concentration expected to be found when replicates of a blank sample containing no analyte are tested.
LoB = meanblank + 1.645(SDblank)
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Di Lauro, F., Croix, J.-C., Berthouze, L., & Kiss, I. (2020). PDE-limits of stochastic SIS epidemics on networks. ArXiv:2007.01043 [Physics, q-Bio]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2007.01043
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- May 2020
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jamanetwork.com jamanetwork.com
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Khullar, D., Bond, A. M., & Schpero, W. L. (2020). COVID-19 and the Financial Health of US Hospitals. JAMA. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.6269
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- Apr 2020
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www.cambridge.org www.cambridge.org
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Spadaro, A. (undefined/ed). COVID-19: TESTING THE LIMITS OF HUMAN RIGHTS. European Journal of Risk Regulation, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1017/err.2020.27
Tags
- is:article
- COVID-19
- human rights
- lang:en
- intervention
- democracy
- law
- Trump
- USA
- France
- limit
- freedom
- Macron
- interference
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behavioralscientist.org behavioralscientist.org
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Epistemic Humility—Knowing Your Limits in a Pandemic—By Erik Angner. (2020, April 13). Behavioral Scientist. https://behavioralscientist.org/epistemic-humility-coronavirus-knowing-your-limits-in-a-pandemic/
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haveibeenpwned.com haveibeenpwned.com
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Rate limiting
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www.troyhunt.com www.troyhunt.com
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The rate limit can be just that - a limit rather than also dishing out punishment via the 24 hour block
Why can't a plain rate limit (without additional blocking) by used even if not authenticated? Seems like it could.
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- Aug 2019
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tutorial.math.lamar.edu tutorial.math.lamar.edu
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we are asking what the graph is doing around the point x=a
Does this mean we are looking for a series of numbers?
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- Nov 2018
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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Beyond the Frame: The New Classroom
In this video a discussion of how the school system is broken but cost billions of dollars. 9 billion dollars a year is spent of textbooks that become outdated the minute they are printed according to the author.
With the new generation of learners, virtual reality will be embracing how most learners learn the best by visual means and not by reading.
This video short impactfully presents how VR will change the face of education.
RATING: 5/5 (rating based upon a score system 1 to 5, 1= lowest 5=highest in terms of content, veracity, easiness of use etc.)
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- Oct 2017
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knowledge.kaltura.com knowledge.kaltura.com
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Werecommendamaximumof500lines/uploadedmediafilesincludedwithinoneCSVfile.
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- Jun 2015
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caseyboyle.net caseyboyle.netjay.pdf1
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However much a boundary, it is always a permeable membrane between self and other.
The body as a limit that separates what it also joins.
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- Sep 2013
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caseyboyle.net caseyboyle.netGorgias1
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Cannot you finish without my help, either talking straight on, or questioning and answering yourself?
Maybe there is a limit to rhetoric...?
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