456 Matching Annotations
  1. Mar 2024
  2. Feb 2024
    1. universities and public libraries have completed the“retrospective conversions” of their catalogs to computer databases(frequently with the help of federal Title II-C money, as part of the“Strengthening Research Library Resources” program),
    1. 0:03 vitamin C: see also http://orthomolecular.org/resources/omns/v18n14.shtml -- The Restoration of Vitamin C Synthesis in Humans. by Thomas E. Levy and Ron Hunninghake. contrary to popular belief, we humans can produce vitamin C in our body. our vitamin C deficiency is not a genetic defect, but an aquired weakness, because of false nutrition. adding olive oil and olive leaf to the nutrition increases the vitamin C levels in the body. vitamin C is also relevant in fighting cancer (natural cancer cures, Frederick Klenner, Linus Pauling)

    1. Shall find it–being grown perfect–in himself. Believing, he receives it when the soul Masters itself, and cleaves to Truth, and comes– Possessing knowledge–to the higher peace,

      Arjuna struggles with moral decisions while serving his country. Jnana Yoga, often known as the "Yoga of Knowledge," is a highly profound kind of yoga that emphasizes realizing one's own transience and pursuing self-realization. Arjuna's journey through this Yoga illustrates the transformational potential of knowledge by serving as a metaphor for the seeker's journey towards enlightenment. In the face of adversity facing the challenges of line ones Dharma must still be fulfilled. This understanding reveals the moral and ethical beliefs Hindu philosophies operated by. Nonetheless philosophy like this can be applied to our own lives. Regardless of the mountain present in front of us, it is important that we seek and fulfill our life's purpose. .

    1. Monday had been a walk around the deer park within the walls ofMagdalen College. C. S. Lewis had said that the circular path was the perfectlength for any problem. It was true.
  3. Jan 2024
    1. “A second Trump term is game over for the climate — really!”

      for - quote - Michael Mann - quote - a Second Trump presidency - polycrisis - politics and climate crisis - climate mitigation strategy - voting in 2024 U.S. election - adjacency - Michael Mann - 2nd Trump presidency - exceeding planetary boundaries - exceeding 1.5 Deg C - Gen Z voting

      adjacency - between - Michael Mann - 2nd Trump presidency - exceeding planetary boundaries - exceeding 1.5 Deg C - Trump's presidency is existential threat to humanity - Gen Z voting - 2024 election - adjacency statement - Michael Mann's quote " A second Trump term is game over for the climate - really" applies to the 2024 election if Trump becomes the Republican nominee. - Trumps dismal environmental record in his 2016 to 2020 term speaks for itself. He would do something similiar in 2025 if he were the president. G - Given there are only 5 years and 172 days before we hit the dangerous threshold of burning through all the carbon budget for humanity, - https://climateclock.world/ - It is questionable whether Biden's government alone can do enough, but certainly if Trump won the 2024 election, his term in office would create a regression severe enough to put the Paris Climate goal of staying within 1.5 Deg C out of reach, and risk triggering major planetary tipping points - A Biden government is evidence-based and believes in anthropogenic climate change and is already taking measures to mitigate it. A Trump government is not evidence-based and is supported by incumbent fossil fuel industry so does not have the interest of the U.S. population nor all of humanity at heart. - Hence, the 2024 U.S. election can really determine the fate of humanity. - Gen Z can play a critical role for humanity by voting against a government that would, in leading climate scientists Michael Mann's words, be game over for a stable climate, and therefore put humanity and unimaginable risk. - Gen Z can swing the vote to a government willing to deal with the climate crisis over one in climate denial so voting activists need to be alerted to this and create the right messaging to reach Gen Z - https://hyp.is/LOud7sBBEe6S0D8itLHw1A/circle.tufts.edu/latest-research/41-million-members-gen-z-will-be-eligible-vote-2024

    1. ( 1) The rearranging of the file, as I have already said, isone way. One simply dumps out heretofore disconnectedfolders, mixing up their contents, and then re-sorts themmany times. How often and how extensively one does thiswill of course vary with different problems and the devel-opment of their solutions. But in general the mechanics ofit are as simple as that.

      The first part of "sociological imagination" for Mills is what I term combinatorial creativity. In his instance, at varying intervals he dumps out disconnected ideas, files and resorts them to find interesting potential solutions.

    1. now we are facing a high risk of overshooting 1.5°C - at best - for several decades. Currently, we must admit that we do not know what the consequences are of such an overshoot, i.e., we do not know how long time the big tipping point systems - like the Gulf Stream or the Coral Reef systems, can cope with high risk temperatures above 1.5°C.
      • for: quote - Johan Rockstrom, quote - uncertainty at 1.5 Deg C for years

      • quote: Johan Rockstrom

        • now we are facing a high risk of overshooting 1.5°C - at best - for several decades. Currently, we must admit that we do not know what the consequences are of such an overshoot, i.e., we do not know how long time the big tipping point systems - like the Gulf Stream or the Coral Reef systems, can cope with high risk temperatures above 1.5°C.
  4. Dec 2023
    1. Polyphenole sind ein Grundstoff für die körpereigene Vitamin C Synthese.

      Die "offizielle Geschichte" behauptet, Menschen haben einen Gendefekt, der die Vitamin C Synthese verhindert... aber das ist eine Lüge, wie so viele andere "offizielle Geschichten" auch. Siehe auch: Official Stories. by Liam Scheff. Official stories exist to protect officials.

      http://orthomolecular.org/resources/omns/v18n14.shtml

      The Restoration of Vitamin C Synthesis in Humans

      The full importance of vitamin C remains unappreciated by most health care practitioners today, as it is the most important nutrient in the body, and daily intake must be multigram in amount to even approach the benefits that vitamin C affords the body when optimally present. It has been well-established that the higher the blood levels of vitamin C, the longer and healthier the life.

      The inability of most human livers to make vitamin C from glucose appears to be a combination of genetic and epigenetic defects. However, it has been discovered that the intake of hydroxytyrosol (HT) in the form of a quality olive leaf extract allows most of the consumers to substantially increase their blood levels of vitamin C. It would appear that HT effectively overcomes an epigenetic translation defect allowing the formation of GULO which can then complete the synthesis of vitamin C in the liver. And while the underlying genetic details remain to be clarified and completely understood, multiple studies have indicated that many humans do make vitamin C in utero and after birth, clearly indicating that the ability to synthesize vitamin C is a lost ability, rather than one that was never present. This also indicates that epigenetic (acquired) defects likely play the major role in adults not having the ability to make vitamin C.

      Limited and small experiments have also indicated that humans supplementing HT not only have the return of the ability to make vitamin C, but also the ability to make much larger amounts of vitamin C when faced with acute toxic and/or infectious oxidative stress in the blood. This ability would be profoundly synergistic with all other beneficial treatments for different medical conditions.

    1. For a flip-of-a-coin chance of staying at or below 1.5°C we have, globally, just five to eight years of current emissions before we blow our carbon budget
      • for: 1.5 Deg C target - 50/50 chance

      • comment

        • What most people don't recognize and pay attention to is 50/50 chance that is part of the 1.5 Deg C target.
        • The world is up in arms about the 1.5 Deg C target when it ONLY GIVES US A 50/50 CHANCE!
        • These are not great odds! In fact, THESE ODDS ARE TERRIBLE! What if you were given those chances in your cancer treatment? You would be concerned, wouldn't you?
        • So what would an intervention closer to 90% chance of staying under 1.5 Deg C look like? If people consider today's intervention impossible, then a 90% chance would be beyond impossible. This is the nature of the challenge we face!
    1. i have absolutely no doubt about that if we go even to three degrees warming and we're about 1.2 right at the moment above pre-industrial temperatures but if we go to even three degrees warming there isn't an ecosystem on the planet 00:35:24 that will not be shredded by that and there's no prospect for anything resembling liberal democracy to serve to survive in a world that's three degrees warmer than it was pre-industrial times
      • for: 3 Deg C world - catastrophic
    1. Common objective on a local level, like a specific problemNeighbourhood cooperation to build better relationships, without a specific objectiveAn individual takes the initiative to build a neighbourhood community, driven by a visionof a better world.
      • for: question - SONEC alignment to earth system boundaries

      • question

        • Stop Reset Go's objective is to find global community partners who can help motivate a local community strategy aligned with the tight timeframe to stay under 1.5 Deg C.
        • Is SONEC open to working on a strategic to empower communities in this way?
        • We can offer it as an optional framework that the community can integrate into their final framework
    1. It may be that the climate denialists, even in the 1980s, knew this very well. They denied global heating because they saw it meant social and political change on a scale never seen before. An economic system that had made millions rich and billions at least comfortable would collapse. For those who’ve benefited from the system, death is less frightening than poverty.
      • for: quote - staying under 1.5 Deg C

      • quote: staying under 1.5 Deg C

        • It may be that the climate denialists, even in the 1980s, knew this very well.
        • They denied global heating because they saw it meant social and political change on a scale never seen before.
        • An economic system that had made millions rich and billions at least comfortable would collapse.
        • For those who’ve benefited from the system, death is less frightening than poverty.
    2. Cutting emissions back to bring global temperatures down to 1.5 C or 2 C would be the equivalent of shutting down China, the United States, India, Japan and Russia.
      • for: stats - staying under 1.5 Deg C

      • stats: staying under 1.5 Deg C

        • is equivalent to shutting down the economies of China, the US, India, Japan and Russia
    1. Not large enough for most index card collections, but you have to love this listing for this photo of a man snuggling up to his card index:

      Original photo from their website:

      • for: visualizations - sea level rise at 3 Deg C

      • comment

        • Look to canal cities like Venice or Amsterdam for inspiration because if it cities are salvagable, parts of them will become canal cities.
  5. Nov 2023
    1. In a scenario that hits global net zero emissions by 2050, declines in demand are sufficiently steep that no new long lead-time conventional oil and gas projects are required. Some existing production would even need to be shut in. In 2040, more than 7 million barrels per day of oil production is pushed out of operation before the end of its technical lifetime in a 1.5 °C scenario.
      • for: stats - oil and gas industry - steep drop in production

      • stats - oil and gas industry - steep drop in production

        • no new fields can be developed to meet a 1.5 Deg C scenario
        • any new developments face the certain risk of being a stranded asset
        • by 2040, 7 million less barrels of oil are produced each day to meet a 1.5 Deg C scenario
    2. If all national energy and climate goals are reached, this value is lower by 25%, and by 60% if the world gets on track to limit global warming to 1.5 °C.
      • for: stats - fossil fuel industry - valuation in a 1.5 Deg C world

      • stats: fossil fuel industry - valuation in a 1.5 Deg C world

        • current 2023 valuation: 6 trillion USD
        • current NDCs met (short of a 1.5 Deg C world): 4.5 trillion USD
        • 1.5 Deg C world: 2.4 trillion USD
    3. if governments deliver in full on their national energy and climate pledges, then oil and gas demand would be 45% below today's level by 2050 and the temperature rise could be limited to 1.7 °C. If governments successfully pursue a 1.5 °C trajectory, and emissions from the global energy sector reach net zero by mid-century, oil and gas use would fall by 75% to 2050.
      • for: Nationally Determined Contributions insufficient to meet 1.5 Deg C, NDC insufficient to meet 1.5 Deg C

      • stats: climate change - NDC

        • current NDCs
          • 45% reduction in fossil fuel usage by 2050
        • NDCs to meet 1.5 Deg C
          • 75% reduction in fossil fuel usage by 2050
    1. And so, in colonialcircumstances, the bard could become symptomatic and symbolic of theeducation of Africans and Caribbeans into a passive, subservient rela-tionship to dominant colonial culture

      Point C

    2. When the man-monster, brutalised by long continued torture, be-gins, 'This island's mine, by Sycorax my mother, which thou takestfrom me', we have the whole case of the aboriginal against aggressivecivilisation dramatised before us. I confess I felt a sting of con-science-vicariously suffered for my Rhodesian friends, notablyDr. Jameson-when Caliban proceeded to unfold a similar caseto that of the Matebele

      "it services decolonialism by possibly enganging within the reader a sense of empathy for caliban"

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    1. hat that's going to mean is that a lot of the things um that again that this wealthy say onethird of our society has normalized will have to change the size of our houses 00:12:01 we shouldn't be building really huge houses anymore I would also go further and say if we are really serious about climate change we need to think about the very large properties that we have which there are many of in our society 00:12:12 that need to be divided to make good quality and reasonable sized houses for say three or four families rather than just one family no more second homes and where second homes are in areas where other 00:12:25 people need to live they are no longer allowed to exist so no more second homes
    1. craftsmanship

      this single word for some humanists is likely to call forward the idea of

      Mills, C. Wright. “On Intellectual Craftsmanship (1952).” Society 17, no. 2 (January 1, 1980): 63–70. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02700062.

      I know it did for me...

    1. I think you should all know that I did not come here tonight to make fun of Don Rickles. Neither did I come here to trade barbs, because it would take a comedian to do the first and a true wit to do the second.

      Instead, I've come here tonight to say something nice about Don Rickles. And for that, you have to have an actor. —George C. Scott, at a roast of Don Rickles

  6. Oct 2023
  7. Sep 2023
    1. The remaining global carbon budget for a 50% chance of holding the 1.5°C line is down to crumbs, adding up to a meagre 250 billion tons of carbon dioxide, equivalent to 6-7 years of global emissions at the current pace. This gives us no choice, but to have all countries, businesses, citizens across the entire world working collectively and unified to solve the planetary crisis.
      • for: .5 deg c - chances
      • comment
        • In Johan’s interview with Kevin Anderson, he articulates that when we account for:
          • the conservative nature of IPCC, which means it doesn’t account for much outlier, cutting edges research and is already outdated ( ie doesn’t contain tipping point elements, latest research in Antarctica and Greenland (Jason Box)
          • only a 50% chance
          • low likelihood of scaling NET in a meaningful way
          • when just is added to safe boundaries, 1 deg C is the real threshold
        • it already implies that we have at small chance of staying under 1.5 deg C
    1. these are not represented in the models, they're not in the global carbon budget estimates, they're not in the IPCC.
      • for: carbon budget - underestimate, IPCC - underestimate, 1.5Deg C - underestimate, question, question - revise 1.5 Deg C target downwards?
      • highlight

        • the 1.5 Deg C target does not account for cascading tipping points. In fact the cascading tipping point research is not accounted for in any of:
          • current climate models
          • global carbon estimates
          • IPCC
        • the implications are that the carbon budget is even smaller than the current number.
        • the implications are that 1.5 Deg C is not the threshold we should be aiming for, but even less. We are now at 1.2 so it has to be 1.3 or 1.4.
      • question

        • Given the underestimates, should the target actually be revised downwards to 1.3 or 1.4 deg C?
  8. Aug 2023
  9. Jul 2023
    1. the graph you see here shows the two Alternatives we have 00:12:22 either we really radically reduce emissions and come to Net Zero by 2040 with limited overshoot
      • for: bend the curve, planetary boundaries, planetary tipping points, 1.5 Degree, overshoot 1.5 Degree C

      • two alternatives

        • come to net zero by 2040 with limited overshoot
        • come to net zero by 2060 with 3 decades of overshoot to 1.6, 1.7 Deg C
      • first alternative is no longer viable
    1. Q: What is global namespace? The global namespace is the namespace that contains namespaces and types that aren't declared inside a named namespace

      Q: How to use? ::global

      Ref: https://learn.microsoft.com/vi-vn/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/operators/namespace-alias-qualifier

    2. In C# 9.0 and later versions, when you use top-level statements in a Program.cs file, there is no default namespace defined.

      IF "there is no default namespace defined" = "without any namespace declaration" -> the code in Program.cs belongs to the global namespace since there is no default or explicit namespace specified in the file

    1. We lament the man who, properly desiring to wrestle atfirst hand with the problems that the great poets and philos-ophers have raised, yet contents himself with the "results"and "findings" of modern science.

      1952 variation of C. P. Snow's Two Cultures thesis (1959).

      See also earlier comment on p xxi: https://hypothes.is/a/2BGWXiIAEe6WZyd5bbGl3g

    1. Six serologically negative sows were infected by intranasal instillation of porcinecytomegalovirus (PCMV) between 31 and 85 days of pregnancy. Four sows showedan afebrile anorexia and lethargy 14-25 days after infection and all 6 developedsignificant increases in indirect immunofluorescent (IIF) antibody titres within35 days. Virus was recovered from nasal and/or cervical swabs from 2 sowsduring life and from lung macrophage cultures after death.At term the sows were killed and their fetuses harvested by caesarean section.The number of mummified and stillborn fetuses increased from 4/63 in 6 previouslitters to 18/60 in the 6 present litters. Nine of 43 fetuses born alive were rearedin isolators for up to 6 weeks but the majority were killed for examination on theday of birth. Virus was isolated from 16 piglets from 4 of the 6 litters examined;it was isolated most frequently from lungs and liver but also from spleen, kidney,brain and nasal mucosa. Unsuckled day-old pigs had insignificant IIF titres,irrespective of whether they were excreting virus or not. The 5 congenital excretorswhich were reared all died within 7 days but no deaths occurred among their 4litter-mates. Post-natal infection of 2 of these piglets reared in contact withcongenitally infected pigs was suggested by the recovery of virus from nasal swabs17 and 27 days after birth and the subsequent rise in IIF titre to 1/256 by day 42.

      在妊娠31 ~ 85天期间,通过鼻内注射猪巨细胞病毒(PCMV)感染了6头血清学阴性的母猪。4只小鼠感染后14 ~ 25 d出现发热性厌食和嗜睡,35 d内间接免疫荧光(IIF)抗体滴度均显著升高。从2头母猪生前的鼻腔和/或宫颈拭子和死后的肺巨噬细胞培养中检出病毒

      在足月时,母猪被杀死,它们的胎儿被剖腹产。

      木乃伊和死产胎儿的数量从之前6胎的4/63增加到现在6胎的18/60。43例活产胎儿中有9例在隔离器中饲养长达6周,但大多数在出生当天被杀死以进行检查。从6窝4窝的16头仔猪中分离出病毒;

      肺、肝多发,脾、肾、脑、鼻黏膜多发。 未哺乳日龄猪的IIF滴度不显著,与是否排出病毒无关。饲养的5只先天性排泄体均在7 d内死亡,4只滴母均无死亡。其中2头仔猪与先天性感染猪有过接触,经17日和27日鼻拭子检出病毒,提示其产后感染。到第42天,IIF滴度上升到1/256。

  10. Jun 2023
  11. Apr 2023
    1. 良い3Dコンフォメーションを得るには、ほとんどの場合、まず初めに水素原子を分子に付加すること上手くいきます。

      considering hydrogen is must?

    1. Mills, C. Wright. “On Intellectual Craftsmanship (1952).” Society 17, no. 2 (January 1, 1980): 63–70. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02700062.

      Cross reference published version from 1959, 1980: https://hypothes.is/a/7NmPckD4Ee2-r1NbihZN2A

      Read on 2022-10-01 14:10

      annotation target: urn:x-pdf:0138200b4bfcde2757a137d61cd65cb8

    1. and he thought we ought to take advantage of it.  Then he walked behind the podium and started the day’s lecture.

      This is a very interesting sentence! It's just the end of the paragraph. But it sums up the point: all the actions up to this point were because of this statement. This is something that has to be faced, no matter how bloody, no matter what camp, no matter what opinion, this is what medical students should do.

    2. The amphitheater buzzed.

      "The amphitheater buzzed." The first paragraph has already mentioned quietness, but the word 'buzzed' is used here. It highlights the sharp contrast and expresses the students' fear of cutting a dog's chest.

  12. Mar 2023
    1. So why aren't more people using Nim? I don't know! It's the closest thing to a perfect language that I've used by far.

      Nim sounds as the most ideal language when comparing to Python, Rust, Julia, C#, Swift, C

  13. Feb 2023
      • Title: Faster than expected
      • subtitle: why most climate scientists can’t tell the truth (in public) Author: Jackson Damien

      • This is a good article written from a psychotherapist's perspective,

      • examining the psychology behind why published, mainstream, peer reviewed climate change research is always dangerously lagging behind current research,
      • and recommending what interventions could be be taken to remedy this
      • This your of scientific misinformation coming from scientists themselves
      • gives minimizers and denialists the very ammunition they need to legitimise delay of the urgently needed system change.
      • What climate scientists say In public is far from what they believe in private.
      • For instance, many climate scientists don't believe 1.5 Deg. C target is plausible anymore, but don't say so in public.
      • That reticence is due to fear of violating accepted scientific social norms,
      • being labeled alarmist and risk losing their job.
      • That creates a collective cognitive dissonance that acts as a feedback signal
      • for society to implement change at a dangerously slow pace
      • and to not spend the necessary resources to prepare for the harm already baked in.
      • The result of this choice dissonance is that
      • there is no collective sense of an emergency or a global wartime mobilisation scale of collective behaviour.
      • Our actions are not commensurate to the permanent emergency state we are now in.
      • The appropriate response that is suggested is for the entire climate science community to form a coalition that creates a new kind of peer reviewed publishing and reporting
      • that publicly responds to the current and live knowledge that is being discovered every day.
      • This is done from a planetary and permanent emergency perspective in order to eliminate the dangerous delays that create the wrong human collective behavioural responses.
    1. HOW CAN CLIMATE SCIENTISTS ALLOW THEMSELVES TO TELL THE TRUTH?
      • The author suggests 5 different steps that will enable and empower scientists to tell the truth at scale:
          1. Admit that rigid adherence to their academic methods, in this astonishingly rapid context, leads directly to their failure to communicate the truth. For one thing, it is widely held on the scientific community that staying under 1.5 Deg. C is no longer plausible.
          1. Form a unified global coalition. Work with communications and psychology experts to present as accurate and as current information as possible
          1. Coalition takes actions to announce a permcrisis requiring responding to new live information in real time, bot wait every 7 years for the next IPCC report
    1. one finds in Deutsch’s catalogue one implementation of what LorraineDaston would later term ‘mechanical objectivity’, an ideal of removing the scholar’s selffrom the process of research and especially historical and scientific representation (Das-ton and Galison, 2007: 115-90).

      In contrast to the sort of mixing of personal life and professional life suggested by C. Wright Mills' On Intellectual Craftsmanship (1952), a half century earlier Gotthard Deutsch's zettelkasten method showed what Lorraine Datson would term 'mechanical objectivity'. This is an interesting shift in philosophical perspective of note taking practice. It can also be compared and contrasted with a 21st century perspective of "personal" knowledge management.

    1. The long-term consequences of Russia’s war are less clear. But experts are concerned it may also lock in more future fossil fuel dependence as places like Europe search for replacements for Russian fuel.
      • Russian war may increase usage of fuels
      • this could make reaching the 1.5 Deg C target more difficult
    2. Most of them are, in general, moving in the right direction. They just aren’t aggressive enough yet to be consistent with the kind of transformative social change required to achieve the 1.5 C target.
      • climate change actions
      • Most of the climate actions are moving in the right direction.
      • but they just aren’t aggressive enough yet to achieve the 1.5 C target.
      • right direction, wrong speed
  14. Jan 2023
    1. 备受瞩目的C罗则不在其中,因为依照此前披露的秘密协议原件显示,上面只有帕拉蒂奇的签名,C罗并未签字。齐利亚尼辣评:“为数不多的几位没有签署2019-20和2020-21赛季虚假减薪协议的人之一。他不会有被禁赛的风险。简而言之,他有最聪明的、或者说是最不蠢的经纪人。(回看当初)他们把他带到了尤文,他则将她拖进了谷底。”虽然已经与门德斯关系破裂,但葡萄牙经纪大鳄的谨慎,则帮助C罗躲过一劫。

      门德斯的专业性。

    1. 1.5 degrees Celsius is the safe boundary this aligns with the intergovernmental panel on climate change with one difference we emphasize that this is a physical limit push it beyond that point 00:05:23 and we risk permanent damage on societies and the world economy

      !- first boundary : 1.5 deg C is a physical boundary - we cannot it it we want to retain a planet safe for human civilization - “ If the world breaches 1.5C, we are likely to trigger at least five tipping points, including the irreversible melting of the Greenland ice sheet and loss of the world’s tropical coral reef systems. This will be devastating for future generations. It will literally change the world, and yet every month we use 1% of the remaining carbon budget for 1.5ºC.” From earth commission website: https://earthcommission.org/news/earth-commission-news/pioneering-science-reveals-set-of-earth-system-boundaries-that-can-secure-a-safe-and-just-planet-for-all/

    2. within the next decade we are at risk of pushing ourselves outside of the safe 00:10:15 boundary of 1.5 degrees Celsius

      !- 1.5 deg C boundary : at risk of exceeding in the next decade

    1. I used vim and make for my universal IDE.

      vim and make serve well as universal IDE for most programming languages (maybe apart from C#?)

  15. Dec 2022
    1. When writing history, there are rules to be followed and evidence to be respected. But no two histories will be the same, whereas the essence of scientific experiments is that they can be endlessly replicated.

      A subtle difference here between the (hard) sciences and the humanities. Every human will bring to bear a differently nuanced perspective.

    1. so let's take the headline budgets and let's adjust them to today November 00:13:16 2022. so these are the the two probabilities that we're using um that's the budget that we have left for two degrees Centigrade that's the budget we've got for 1.5 and these are the years you have 00:13:29 so you know 1.5 nine and a half years of current emissions if the current emissions stayed static we'd have nine and a half years oh a bit worrying um that's about half a percent a bit 00:13:43 under half a percent every month for two degrees centigrade and one percent so every month we're using one percent of the 50 50 chance of 1.5 degrees Centigrade which is not anyway a safe 00:13:54 threshold every month one percent of the budget

      !- key takeaway : time remaining to decarbonize to 1.5 Deg C limit - 9.5 years remaining referenced to Nov 2022 - consuming roughly 1% of remaining 380 Gigaton budget every month, or about 11 % every year.

  16. Nov 2022
  17. Oct 2022
    1. In his essay ‘On Intellectual Craftsmanship’, appended to his The Sociological Imagination (1959), C. Wright Mills reassuringly remarks that ‘the way in which these categories change, some being dropped and others being added, is an index of your intellectual progress ... As you rearrange a filing system, you often find that you are, as it were, loosening your imagination.’

      One's notes are an index of their intellectual progress. In sorting through and re-arranging them one "loosens their imagination".

    2. another long forgotten manual for students, History and Historical Research (1928) by C.G. Crump of the Public Record Office: ‘Never make a note for future use in such a form ... that even you yourself will not know what it means, when you come across it some months later.’
    1. There is a difference between various modes of note taking and their ultimate outcomes. Some is done for learning about an area and absorbing it into one's own source of general knowledge. Others are done to collect and generate new sorts of knowledge. But some may be done for raw data collection and analysis. Beatrice Webb called this "scientific note taking".

      Historian Jacques Goutor talks about research preparation for this sort of data collecting and analysis though he doesn't give it a particular name. He recommends reading papers in related areas to prepare for the sort of data acquisition one may likely require so that one can plan out some of one's needs in advance. This will allow the researcher, especially in areas like history or sociology, the ability to preplan some of the sorts of data and notes they'll need to take from their historical sources or subjects in order to carry out their planned goals. (p8)

      C. Wright Mills mentions (On Intellectual Craftsmanship, 1952) similar research planning whereby he writes out potential longer research methods even when he is not able to spend the time, effort, energy, or other (financial) resources to carry out such plans. He felt that just the thought experiments and exercise of doing such unfulfilled research often bore fruit in his other sociological endeavors.

    1. In "On Intellectual Craftsmanship" (1952), C. Wright Mills talks about his methods for note taking, thinking, and analysis in what he calls "sociological imagination". This is a sociologists' framing of their own research and analysis practice and thus bears a sociological related name. While he talks more about the thinking, outlining, and writing process rather than the mechanical portion of how he takes notes or what he uses, he's extending significantly on the ideas and methods that Sönke Ahrens describes in How to Take Smart Notes (2017), though obviously he's doing it 65 years earlier. It would seem obvious that the specific methods (using either files, note cards, notebooks, etc.) were a bit more commonplace for his time and context, so he spent more of his time on the finer and tougher portions of the note making and thinking processes which are often the more difficult parts once one is past the "easy" mechanics.

      While Mills doesn't delineate the steps or materials of his method of note taking the way Beatrice Webb, Langlois & Seignobos, Johannes Erich Heyde, Antonin Sertillanges, or many others have done before or Umberto Eco, Robert Greene/Ryan Holiday, Sönke Ahrens, or Dan Allosso since, he does focus more on the softer portions of his thinking methods and their desired outcomes and provides personal examples of how it works and what his expected outcomes are. Much like Niklas Luhmann describes in Kommunikation mit Zettelkästen (VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 1981), Mills is focusing on the thinking processes and outcomes, but in a more accessible way and with some additional depth.

      Because the paper is rather short, but specific in its ideas and methods, those who finish the broad strokes of Ahrens' book and methods and find themselves somewhat confused will more than profit from the discussion here in Mills. Those looking for a stronger "crash course" might find that the first seven chapters of Allosso along with this discussion in Mills is a straighter and shorter path.

      While Mills doesn't delineate his specific method in terms of physical tools, he does broadly refer to "files" which can be thought of as a zettelkasten (slip box) or card index traditions. Scant evidence in the piece indicates that he's talking about physical file folders and sheets of paper rather than slips or index cards, but this is generally irrelevant to the broader process of thinking or writing. Once can easily replace the instances of the English word "file" with the German concept of zettelkasten and not be confused.

      One will note that this paper was written as a manuscript in April 1952 and was later distributed for classroom use in 1955, meaning that some of these methods were being distributed from professor to students. The piece was later revised and included as an appendix to Mill's text The Sociological Imagination which was first published in 1959.

      Because there aren't specifics about Mills' note structure indicated here, we can't determine if his system was like that of Niklas Luhmann, but given the historical record one could suppose that it was closer to the commonplace tradition using slips or sheets. One thing becomes more clear however that between the popularity of Webb's work and this (which was reprinted in 2000 with a 40th anniversary edition), these methods were widespread in the mid-twentieth century and specifically in the field of sociology.

      Above and beyond most of these sorts of treatises on note taking method, Mills does spend more time on the thinking portions of the practice and delineates eleven different practices that one can focus on as they actively read/think and take notes as well as afterwards for creating content or writing.


      My full notes on the article can be found at https://jonudell.info/h/facet/?user=chrisaldrich&max=100&exactTagSearch=true&expanded=true&addQuoteContext=true&url=urn%3Ax-pdf%3A0138200b4bfcde2757a137d61cd65cb8

    2. Thinking is a simultaneous struggle for conceptualorder and empirical comprehensiveness. You must notclose it up too soon---or you will fail to see all that youshould; you cannot leave it open forever----or you yourselfwill burst. It is this dilemma that makes reflection, onthose rare occasions when it is more or less successful, themost passionate endeavor of which a man is capable
    3. Thinking is a simultaneous struggle for conceptualorder and empirical comprehensiveness.
    4. I do not like to do empirical work if I can possibly avoidit. It m e a n s a great deal of trouble if one has no staff; if onedoes e m p l o y a staff, then the staff is often more troublethan the work itself. Moreover, they leave as soon as theyhave b e e n trained and made useful.

      Ha!

    5. Mosca backs up histhesis with this assertion: It's the power of organization thatenables the minority always to rule. There are organizedminorities and they run things and men. There are unorganizedmajorities and they are run.

      In a democracy, is it not just rule by majority, but rule by the most organized that ends up dominating the society?

      Perhaps C. Wright Mills' work on the elite has some answers?

      The Republican party's use of organization to create gerrymandering is a clear example of using extreme organization to create minority rule. Cross reference: Slay the Dragon in which this issue is laid out with the mention of using a tiny amount of money to careful gerrymander maps to provide outsized influences and then top-down outlines to imprint broad ideas from a central location onto smaller individual constituencies (state and local).

    6. The reason theytreasure their smallest experiences is because, in thecourse of a lifetime, a modem man has so very littlepersonal experience, and yet experience is so important asa source of good intellectual work.

      The antecedent for "they" here is "accomplished thinkers".

    7. And yet that is not " r e a l l y " how the project arose.What really happened is that the idea and the plan cameout o f my files; for all projects with me begin and end withthem, and books are simply organized releases from thecontinuous work that goes into them.

      Surely by "files" he means his written notes and ideas which he has filed away?

      Thus articles and books are agglomerations of ideas within notes (or perhaps one's retained memory, as best as that might be done) which are then broken off from them and released to a wider readership.

    8. Method and theory are like thelanguage of the country you live in: it is nothing to bragabout that you can speak it, but it is a disgrace, as well asan inconvenience, if you cannot.
    9. In this essay I am going to try candidly to report how Ibecame interested in a topic I happen now to be studying,and how I am going about studying it. I know that in doingthis I run the risk of failing in modesty and perhaps even ofclaiming some peculiar virtue for my own personal habits.1 intend no such claims. 1 know also that it may be said:"WelL, that's the way you work; but it's not of much use tom e . " To this the reply seems quite clear; it is: " W o n d e r -ful. Tell me how you w o r k . "

      We could use more of this in the current tools for thought space. Given neurodiversity, having a smorgasbord of options from which to choose from and then to be able to pick and choose or experiment on what works for you in particular seems to be the best route forward.

    10. E veryone seriously concerned with teaching complainsthat most students do not know how to do indepen-dent work. They do not know how to read, they do notknow how to take notes, they do not know how to set up aproblem nor how to research it. In short, they do not knowhow to work intellectually.
  18. Sep 2022
    1. sociologist C. WrightMills

      Note takers reading this may appreciate that Mills had a note taking system:

      https://hypothes.is/a/Wbm09giuEe2-tH8vp1LziA<br /> https://hypothes.is/a/_7SQkPdFEeunDX9htFmQ8w

      This particular note and my notice of it is an interesting case of faint recognition and combinatorial creativity at play. I vaguely recognized Mills' name but was able to quickly find it within my reading notes to discover I'd run across him and his intellectual practice before.

    2. Or, take the case of unemployment as described by sociologist C. WrightMills:When, in a city of 100,000, only one man is unemployed, that is his per-sonal trouble, and for its relief we properly look to the character of theman, his skills, and his immediate opportunities. But when in a nation of50 million employees, 15 million men are unemployed, that is an issue, and

      we may not hope to find its solution within the range of opportunities open to any one individual. The very structure of opportunities has collapsed. Both the correct statement of the problem and the range of possible solutions require us to consider the economic and political institutions of the society, and not merely the personal situation and character of a scatter of individuals.16

      1. C. Wright Mills, The Sociological Imagination (New York: Oxford University Press, 1959), p. 9.

      I love this quote and it's interesting food for thought.

      Framing problems from the perspectives of a single individual versus a majority of people can be a powerful tool.

      The idea of the "welfare queen" was possibly too powerful because it singled out an imaginary individual rather than focusing on millions of people with a variety of backgrounds and diversity. Compare this with the fundraisers for impoverished children in Sally Stuther's Christian Children's Fund (aka ChildFund) which, while they show thousands of people in trouble, quite often focus on one individual child. This helps to personalize the plea and the charity actually assigned each donor a particular child they were helping out.

      How might this set up be used in reverse to change the perspective and opinions of those who think the "welfare queen" is a real thing instead of a problematic trope?

  19. shn.livejournal.com shn.livejournal.com
    1. олег собрал большое войскои воевать идет за мира николай не хочет мираи не явился на войну(с)
    1. Kang v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration), 2022 FC 1296 (CanLII), <https://canlii.ca/t/jrzb8>

      H&C with past misrepresentation must consider context of past misrepresentation

    1. vscode 找不到c函数实现

      可以通过设置 browse.path 来避免这种情况

      // c_cpp_properties.json "browse.path": [ ${workspaceFolder} ]

  20. Aug 2022
    1. Each of those slices plays a role in influencing the thoughts and behavior of the individuals, and in turn, each person plays a small part in influencing the giants they’re a part of.

      How do we. Under start this?

    1. In the text of what follows the writer has profited much fromsuggestions by two friends on whom it seemed possible to impose ,Professors A. C. McLaughlin, University of Chicago, and A. C.Krey, University of Minnesota. They are not chargeable, however ,- eit

      Dow's methods were profited by advice from historians Andrew C. Mclaughlin and August C. Krey.

      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_C._McLaughlin

      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_C._Krey

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    1. James 11.Hanford, Malcolm McLeod, and E d g a r C. Knowlton, TheNelaon handbook of English, New York, 1931.

      I can't help but wonder about a possible familial connection between Edgard C. Knowlton (1921 - 2016) and Charles Knowlton (1800 - 1850). Grandson perhaps?

      http://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n85319810/

      cc: @danallosso

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    1. Heteronormativity operates the ‘regime of the normal’, throughwhich heterosexuality is privileged and dominates as the natural, obligatory and normal basisof all social relations and in which sexualities are valued and devalued (Adams 2002)

      Can be used for a definition

    2. ‘queered’: a ‘radical process of disruption’(Ruffolo 2009, p.3) which seeks to destabilise the heterosexual/ homosexual binary andchallenge heteronormativity

      Definition

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  21. Jul 2022
    1. Conflicts between national identity and sexual orientation played a factor for some, suchas Zelda, who explained that while she wanted to participate in GSA, she feared that she might beseen by other students from her home country

      Conflict mention

    2. promote safe sex, stating “they areknown for giving free condoms and free kind of like sex ed and training for LGBT.”

      Student wellness services

    3. onlineresources are resources that are publicly available on the internet and accessed through a computer orsmart phone;

      Online resources that are not provided by HEIs

    4. need to avoid engaging in any activities in the United Statesthat could out them and lead to individuals in their home country learning about their sexual orienta-tion due to being required to return to their home country upon graduation.

      Visa policy mention

    5. Additional call for participant announcements were emailed to internationalcenter directors at all public institutions in the state of Texas and through the national research emaillistserv with the Consortium of Higher Education LGBT Resource Professionals.

      Other potential recruitment methods

    6. The research team shared a weekly call for participants through their institution’sannouncement listserv.

      Potential recruitment method

    7. discussing some of the current policies within the United States that may hinder protectionof members of the LGBTQIA community,

      Should mention in relevance to research - may not necessarily focus on visa policies but policies nonetheless

    8. examine the experiences of international LGB studentsand the resources they utilize on campuses to ease their transition to college.

      Foci: during abroad experience, potentially with additions of motivations to go abroad

    9. Garvey, Taylor, & Rankin, 2015).

      Someone to cite from for definition

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    1. It has beenfound that “female [international] students are more likely than their male counterpartsto experience discrimination (even within the international student community), phys-ical abuse, sexual harassment and social exclusion during their stay in Australia”

      Reason to pay attention to role of gender in past students' time abroad

      Add to additional significance to research

    2. incorporate vulnerabilities associated with international student status.These vulnerabilities include being in a foreign environment, often without adequatehost country language and cultural skills, being separated from family and friends, andfrequently having inadequate financial resources

      Move to "issues" for student section - being in a foreign environment, without adequate host country language skills and cultural skills, separation from family and friends, inadequate financial resources, not having the knowledge and comfortableness to navigate legal systems ---> more vulnerable to violence

    3. Poststructuralist approaches insist that different categorizations are pervasivelyinterrelated without the possibility of separate analysis

      Take note - one of traditions identified in another paper

    4. True(2010) described “gender-based violence” as violence directed against a womanbecause of her gender or as forms of violence in which women are overrepresented asvictims.

      Another defintion

    5. “gendered violence.” Morley used the term “gendered vio-lence” to incorporate crime and sexual exploitation and harassment.

      Potential definition of gendered violence to use

    6. Being safe from crime and violence is important to international students

      Safety important - something to pay attention to during interviews and coding

    7. education and support programs

      Practitioner focused

    8. We argue that intersecting inequalities relating togender, race, and class are often compounded by the status of “international student.”

      I feel that the term "international student" has the possibility of only situating national origin as the only facet of int'l student's identity -- at the expense of their other identities and how those identities interact with new external environments (race, class, gender, sexuality, disability, etc.)

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    1. So what can we make of politicians who continue to argue that ‘1.5°C is still alive’? Are they misinformed or are they simply lying?I believe many are in denial about the types of solutions the climate crisis demands. Rather than do the – admittedly – very difficult political work of eking out our supplies of fossil fuels while accelerating a just transition to post-carbon societies, politicians are going all out on technological salvation. This is a new form of climate denial, which involves imagining large-scale carbon dioxide removal that will clean up the carbon pollution that we continue to pump into the atmosphere. While it may seem much safer to stick to the script and say that it is still physically possible to limit warming to no more than 1.5°C, while pointing out that the scale of change demands much more political will, I believe that this can no longer be a credible response to the climate crisis.We have warmed the climate by 1.2°C since pre-industrial periods. If emissions stay flat at current levels, then in around nine years the carbon budget for 1.5°C will be exhausted. And, of course, emissions are not flat – they are surging. 2021 saw the second-largest annual increase ever recorded, driven by the rebound in economic activity after Coronavirus lockdowns. We did not ‘build back better’.The clock has been stuck at five minutes to midnight for decades. Alarms have been continuing to sound. There are only so many times you can hit the snooze button.

      Going all out on technological salvation is a form of climate denialism.

      We are at 1.2 Deg C and emissions have climbed after rebounding after Covid. If they flatline for the next nine years, we will hit 1.5 Deg C.

    2. We Need to Stop Pretending we can Limit Global Warming to 1.5°C

      Title: We Need to Stop Pretending we can Limit Global Warming to 1.5°C Author: James Dyke Date: 6 July 2022

    1. constrained by citizenship andmigration policies that directly or indirectly place sexual minorities at a disadvantage

      Policy focus

    2. trajectories of their migration andthe factors that propelled their decision to change destinations globally.

      Focus - where men moved and why

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    1. perceived public stigmais a critical and stable correlate of internalized homophobia.

      Perceived public stigma is tied to internalized homophobia

    2. nstead of internalizing par-ents’ negative response, children who endorse high reciprocalfilial piety are more likely to protect their sexual orientationfrom being stigmatized.

      Reciprocal filial piety "protects" children from internalized homophobia to some extent - children don't feel forced and obligated to meet all of their parent's expectations, especially when it conflicts with their personal happiness

    3. being a sexual minority mem-ber in many Asian countries is viewed as a violation ofheteronormative values and a betrayal of filial piety

      Being LGBTQ+ is a betrayal of filial piety - children expected to continue the family line

      Children from authoritarian filial piety families may express more remorse at not being able to meet their parent's expectations and blame their gender/sexual identity as the reason why

    4. Confucian culture plays a more im-portant role in Chinese people’s worldview

      This is separated from religion

    5. social learning theory

      Could be useful to add...how int'l LGBTQ+ students learn/absorb social/environmental (society, family, school) perceptions about their identity?

    6. distal stressors, which refer toobjective stressors (e.g., prejudiced events) independent ofone’s sexual identity, and proximal personal processes, whichrefer to subjective experiences connected with one’s sexualidentity, such as the expectation of rejection, concealment ofsexual identity, and internalized homophobia

      Add terms to glossary

    7. investigate the variables that could amplify ormitigate the impact of social homophobia on internalized ho-mophobia.

      i.e. filial piety

    8. hatred of personal sexual identity

      Could use this as a definition for internalized _phobia

    9. social homophobia

      Could use for glossary

    10. perceived public stigma and authoritarianfilial piety had comparable and positive association with internalized homophobia.

      Public stigma and authoritarian (not reciprocal) filial piety was associated with higher likelihood of internalized homophobia

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  22. Jun 2022
    1. high school students realized their sex-ual orientation or gender identity and came out to others earlier than allthe other three groups of students within various educational levels—thatis, vocational students, college/university students, and graduate students.

      High school students more likely to come out than undergraduate, graduate, and vocational students

    2. male students’ initial awarenesswas earlier than females’, at an average of 14.9 vs. 15.4, but female studentscame out earlier than male at an average of 17.5 vs. 18.2.

      Males more likely to be aware of identity early on, but females more likely to come out earlier

    3. Bronfenbrenner’s social-ecological framework suggests, the immediate envi-ronments in which growing adolescents live are crucial to understandinghealthy development for that individual

      Looks at environment and impact on development of individual

    4. most LGBTQ students felt comfortable abouttheir sexual orientation and had come out to someone; how-ever, the majority remained closeted with their siblings,parents, or teachers.

      Students are comfortable with their identities, don't come out to relatives (parents, siblings) and authority figures (teachers) - friends, most likely

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    1. ar-right parties and movements differentiatebetween LGBTQ people who abide by Serbian norms by keepingtheir sexual and gender identities private and those who publiclyexpress their identities and seek reforms to advance their rights andequality

      Seeking reforms to advance LGBTQ+ rights and equality makes you a bad LBGTQ+ person

    2. This theme contrasts “bad” LGBTQ rights activistswith “good” LGBTQ people who conform to social standards bykeeping their sexual and gender identities private

      i.e. Only considered good when they stay in the closet

    3. unite the LGBTQ rights movement with foreign threats to Kosovo’sstatus.

      Tying LGBTQ+ community to already negatively perceived groups -- individuals suffer because of national politics, nationalism, and nationalist myths

    4. Inductive codes werecreated throughout the analysis for text that did not match the deductivecodes.

      Reminder: refresh on inductive vs. deductive reasoning and inductive vs. deductive codes

    5. ymbolicboundaries are conceptual forms of intergroup differentiation basedon norms, values, and beliefs (Lamont et al., 2015). Moral boundariesrefer to claimed or attributed intergroup differences in virtues

      Words to add to glossary: symbolic and moral boundaries

    6. RWA, which is characterized by socialconformity, adherence to traditions, and the attribution of threats topeople seen as social deviants

      Shares traits with collectivism

    7. Threat perception is a predictor of support for human rights.

      Reminder: Add term threat perception to glossary draft, make note of connections to threat perception, social identity theory (and name authors), and conflict/human rights

    8. ocial identity theory, which posits that people seek positivedistinctiveness for their social groups (Tajfel & Turner, 1986).

      Theory to think about when thinking about domestic and local contexts for int'l LGBTQ+ students - LGBTQ+ perceived to cause negative distinctiveness for social groups - therefore considered a threat to the social group

    9. realistic threats to the existence, power,and well-being of the ingroup

      Types of perceived threats to in-groups

    10. These groups portray the movement as a Westerncultural threat, stressing the need to defend their country from aWestern conspiracy to “destroy” Serbia

      LGBTQ+ community positioned as an outgroup and outside/external threat, Western cultural imperialism..is this also a view in historically colonized countries as well?

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    1. The duty of care extends to ensuring that all necessary steps have beentaken to ensure the health, safety and wellbeing of employees and students and forthe latter this includes providing pastoral care.

      Ethics framework

    2. using open social networks ledto concerns, with McPhail and Fisher reporting one research participant speaking of agay colleague being discouraged from joining an LGBTQ+ Facebook support network,for ‘fear that career progression may be impeded

      Conflict between identity and career prospects

    3. GBTQ+ travellers used ‘closed’ social media networks, availableonly following approval by an administrator, in a positive matter to aid ‘acculturation’

      May want to consider role of technology and social media in LGBTQ+ int'l student experiences while abroad and after returning home

    4. barriers to international academic mobility warrant close examination. The literatureon this point remains heteronormative in nature – often omitting the challenges facingLGBTQ+ travellers, discussed below

      Barriers to international academic mobility do not include LGBTQ+ students

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    1. First, intersectionality rejects the postpositivist assumptions of an additiveapproach to social inequality, in which oppression is measured by addingtogether the effects of identifying with more than one marginalized group

      Postpositivist approach implies the separation of identities rather than looking at them holistically when combined

    2. used to deconstruct or “work the ruins” of everydaycircumstances in social life. Whereas scholars use the critical tradition toilluminate inequitable conditions, the poststructural tradition deconstructsthese inequities, often at the level of discourse (a term that refers to howlanguage and social practices regulate power and knowledge).

      Differences between poststructuralist and critical:

      Critical - highlighting inequitable conditions -- just identification?

      Poststructural - discusses those inequities, identifies implications of discussion findings

    3. Critical Trans Politics

      Look into what this is

    4. knowledge is coconstructed by socialactors, including participants and researchers

      Knowledge created by information from both researchers and participants, information gained through experience

    5. dichotomous,independent variable.

      Issue with approach - can lead to upholding binaries and implies an underlying assumption that biology is the deciding factor in sexual and gender identity (common form of thought in the West/U.S.)

    6. although observationis a subjective process, researchers should strive for neutrality and comeas close to objectivity as possible

      Ways to approach conducting research and communicating findings

    7. https://www.apa.org/pi/lgbt/resources/sexuality-definitions.pdf).

      Additional source to look at for terms - APA

    8. (a) gender cannot be understood in isolation from other so-cial identities; (b) gender is inextricable from sexism, genderism, and theirintersections with other social structural conditions; and (c) gender isa socially constructed, interactive process.

      Pay attention to (c) specifically -not sure what it means

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    1. ack of LGBTQ+ people of colour being represented within theLGBTQ+ community and in media.

      In the higher ed space, could be improved by LGBTQ+ student involvement in leadership roles and in academia-esque roles (ex. in research)

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    1. Amala expressed that being a part of the LGBTQA program at the university madeher want to bring change and be more visible about her identity to allow other internationalstudents to see that it is okay to be open and that there are programs and resources for them.

      Students in leadership positions and relationship to visibility

    2. involvement with programs at the university provided heropportunities to develop friendships with people who were supportive and accepting of heridentity.

      Developing social network

    3. visible with his identity at the university

      Student involvement and ties to visibility of their identity?

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