1,215 Matching Annotations
  1. Last 7 days
    1. code of view wasn't about catching bugs. It was a primary mechanism for knowledge transfer. When your engineers learn architecture by reading senior engineer PRs, seniors maintain context by reviewing everything, and code of view was the learning loop. It was how shared theory was built and maintained across the entire team. But AI bypasses that entire loop. The code shows up, it works, it gets merged, but nobody learned anything. Nobody built context. Nobody can debug at a 3AM without reprompting the AI. And code of view was never about catching bugs. It was always about building shared understanding. AI skipped the most important step.

      Code Review to maintain shared context

  2. Feb 2026
  3. Jan 2026
    1. reply to zk developer at https://reddit.com/r/Zettelkasten/comments/1qiwfp0/im_researching_why_zettelkasten_fails_for_a_lot/

      Before you do this sort of user research, have you done the research on the dozens and dozens of apps that are already out there (prior art)? What do you think is good about them? Bad? Why are some doing well and others not?

      You realize that at once a week since 2019, at least one app a week pops up in the zettelkasten, note taking, productivity/GTD space? Very, very few pass the 6 week mark, let alone the 6 month mark. Why do you want to reinvent the wheel? What are you hoping to get out of it?

      Are you self-dogfooding/eating your own cooking? If you're not using and enjoying your own app, why would others?

      Simply reading through this sub will give you most of the research and friction points you could want to know about without impinging on our time for something that I'd be willing to bet won't even reach alpha.

  4. Dec 2025
    1. Email is a wonderful thing for people whose role in life is to be on top of things. But not for me; my role is to be on the bottom of things. What I do takes long hours of studying and uninterruptible concentration. I try to learn certain areas of computer science exhaustively; then I try to digest that knowledge into a form that is accessible to people who don't have time for such study.
    1. развивает

      что означает развитие? как в выражении "развитие мысли"? То есть мы раскрываем идею/аргумент? это про углубление(например, ответ на 5 почему)? или про расширение (больше примеров)?

  5. Nov 2025
    1. Experienced Game Developers In Jaipur, India

      I’m a Unity Developer with a focus on AR and VR experiences. Currently working at Orion InfoSolutions, where I design and build immersive solutions using Unity3D, MRTK, and XR Toolkit. Passionate about creating interactive and intuitive mixed reality experiences that bridge the digital and physical worlds. Throughout my career, I have collaborated with cross-functional teams to develop impactful applications across various industries, from entertainment and gaming to education and enterprise . Let's connect and explore how we can collaborate to bring your mixed reality visions to life.

  6. Oct 2025
  7. Sep 2025
    1. Developers can ramp up more quickly on new APIs, providing quicker feedback to the platform while the APIs are still the most malleable. Mistakes in APIs can be corrected quickly by the developers who use them, and library authors who serve them, providing high-fidelity, critical feedback to browser vendors and platform designers.
    1. I'm now rendering a cup. that the cup that I rendered is no longer there. You might render your cup. You might say, "Well, no, Don, you're wrong. The cup is still there. I can see it." No, you're rendering your cup. And so you you're you're not rendering my cup. I rendered my cup

      for - adjacency - perspectival knowing - rendering - learned in child development - language usage - This is an interesting use of the word "render" to demonstrate how even shared human experiences are still uniquely seen from different perspectives - We impute objective reality, for instance of the cup, even though we are each uniquely rendering it in different ways - It is a direct result of our child development in which we learned how to employ words to label such social contexts - We establish rules for word usage at an early age, but we forget the original conditions which gave rise to them - When we remind ourselves of the original motivation, it is a bit of a shock to the system how strange this reality is

  8. Aug 2025
    1. Review coordinated by Life Science Editors Foundation Reviewed by: Dr. Angela Andersen, Life Science Editors Foundation Potential Conflicts of Interest: None

      PUNCHLINE This preprint uncovers how embryonic oxygen levels act as a regulatory switch controlling limb development timing in mammals. Using mouse and chick embryos, the authors demonstrate that hindlimb initiation in mammals is delayed due to hypoxia-induced expression of NFKB transcription factors (cRel, Rela) and Hif1a, which repress the limb-initiating gene Tbx4. In contrast, chick embryos in normoxia activate fore- and hindlimbs simultaneously. This oxygen-dependent repression is lifted as placental oxygenation increases, triggering hindlimb EMT and Tbx4 expression. Notably, limb heterochrony is not due to cis-regulatory evolution, but instead arises from differential trans-acting factor expression. The findings reframe heterochrony as an environmentally cued developmental program in placental mammals.

      BACKGROUND Heterochrony—alteration in developmental timing—has long been recognized in limb evolution. While birds initiate fore- and hindlimb development simultaneously, mammals typically exhibit delayed hindlimb formation. This developmental delay has been hypothesized to reflect an "energy trade-off" during early embryogenesis. Yet, the molecular mechanisms linking the environment to timing remain unexplored. Zhu et al. provide the first mechanistic insight by identifying oxygen levels and NFKB signaling as modulators of limb timing in mammals.

      KEY QUESTION ADDRESSED What molecular and environmental factors underlie the delay in hindlimb development in mammalian embryos compared to avian species?

      SUMMARY Using mouse and chick embryos, the authors first demonstrate that mammalian hindlimb development is delayed starting from the earliest stage of limb bud formation—specifically, the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). This delay correlates with delayed expression of the hindlimb-specifying transcription factor Tbx4, but not its upstream activators (Pitx1, Isl1) or its forelimb counterpart (Tbx5). Surprisingly, enhancer-swap experiments rule out differences in Tbx4 cis-regulatory elements as the cause. Instead, bulk RNA-seq and functional screens reveal cRel, a member of the NFKB family, as a repressor of Tbx4 in early mouse hindlimb buds. Further experiments show that cRel and Rela are upregulated by hypoxia, and their expression is suppressed as the embryo transitions to normoxia via placental oxygenation. Culturing mouse embryos in normoxic conditions prematurely induces Tbx4 expression and EMT in the hindlimb. Knockout and overexpression experiments with cRel, Rela, and Hif1a confirm a hypoxia–NFKB–Hif1a–Tbx4 regulatory axis. This mechanism links maternal oxygen levels to developmental timing and may be an adaptive feature of viviparous mammals.

      KEY RESULTS Hindlimb EMT and Tbx4 expression are delayed in mice but not chicks * → In mouse embryos, hindlimb EMT is delayed by ~18 hours relative to the forelimb (Figure 1A–B) * → In chick embryos, forelimb and hindlimb EMT occur nearly simultaneously * → Expression of Tbx4 (hindlimb) and Tbx5 (forelimb) correlates with EMT timing in both mouse and chick embryos (Figure 1C–I)

      Early limb patterning signals are not delayed (mouse and chick) * → BMP, Wnt, and RA signaling are active in both forelimb and hindlimb fields in mouse and chick embryos at the same developmental stage (Figure 2A–B) * → Expression of upstream transcription factors Pitx1, Isl1, and Hoxb9 occurs on time in both limb fields in mouse and chick embryos (Figure 2C–F)

      Tbx4 enhancer function is conserved across species * → The mouse HLEA/HLEB and chick Tbx4-Rec1 enhancers drive equivalent spatial and temporal expression when introduced into either mouse or chick embryos (Figure 3C–E, H) * → CRISPR/dCas9-KRAB repression of Tbx4-Rec1 in chick embryos reduces Tbx4 expression (Figure 3F–I) * cRel and Rela repress Tbx4 in mouse hindlimbs * → Bulk RNA-seq of early hindlimb buds from mouse embryos reveals cRel as a candidate repressor of Tbx4 (Figure 4A–C) * → Electroporation of cRel and Rela into chick hindlimb buds reduces Tbx4 expression and limb bud size (Figure 4D) * → In cRel knockout mouse embryos, Tbx4 expression is elevated and EMT occurs earlier than in controls (Figure 4E–H)

      Oxygen regulates hindlimb timing in mouse embryos * → In mouse embryos, early hypoxia is evidenced by nuclear Hif1a accumulation in hindlimb mesenchyme (Figure 5A–C) * → Culturing mouse embryos under normoxic conditions leads to precocious Tbx4 and Pitx1 expression in hindlimbs (Figure 5E–G) * → EMT is also accelerated under normoxia in mouse hindlimbs (Figure 5H–I) * → qPCR on lateral plate mesoderm (LPM)-derived cells from mouse embryos shows cRel is upregulated in hypoxic vs. normoxic conditions (Figure 5J)

      cRel and Hif1a functionally interact in mouse embryos * → In Hif1a knockout mouse embryos, Tbx4 expression is elevated and hindlimb EMT is precocious—mimicking the cRel knockout phenotype (Figure S9I–J) * → Manipulating cRel expression alters Hif1a levels in mouse embryonic cells (Figure S10) * → scRNA-seq from mouse LPM derivatives confirms upregulation of Tbx4, Pitx1, and Hox9 under normoxia (Figure S6E)

      STRENGTHS * Identifies a molecular mechanism linking environmental oxygen levels to developmental timing * Demonstrates that heterochrony arises from trans-acting regulatory inputs, not enhancer evolution * Uses a broad and rigorous toolkit: enhancer reporters, genetic knockouts, hypoxia assays, ex utero culture, single-cell and bulk RNA-seq * Highlights the adaptability of developmental programs to viviparous life history * Conceptually reframes heterochrony as plastic and environmentally modulated

      FUTURE WORK & EXPERIMENTAL DIRECTIONS * Characterize direct chromatin binding of cRel and Hif1a at Tbx4 enhancers * Examine other NFKB targets in the LPM that might contribute to limb timing * Explore whether similar timing mechanisms are conserved in other mammalian species, including humans * Investigate how oxygen levels interface with metabolic and mitochondrial signaling during early development * Test whether early normoxia affects other embryonic heterochronies beyond limb formation * Directly test whether hypoxia modulates limb timing in birds. Although oxygen manipulation in chick embryos is technically challenging, comparative data would clarify whether the hypoxia–NFKB–Tbx4 axis is a placental adaptation or part of a broader vertebrate timing program.

      AUTHORSHIP NOTE This review was drafted with the assistance of ChatGPT (OpenAI) to organize and articulate key insights. Dr. Angela Andersen checked the final document.

      FINAL TAKEAWAY This preprint provides a paradigm shift in our understanding of limb heterochrony by uncovering a mechanism through which maternal oxygen availability regulates the timing of hindlimb development. By linking environmental hypoxia to NFKB- and Hif1a-mediated repression of Tbx4, the authors show how the embryo delays hindlimb formation until placental oxygenation is sufficient. This elegant mechanism offers an evolutionary and physiological explanation for mouse hindlimb delay, and it opens new avenues in developmental timing, maternal-fetal signaling, and the evolution of viviparity.

  9. Jul 2025
    1. Cryptocurrency Wallet Development is the core of every secure and scalable digital asset platform. It enables users to store, send, and receive cryptocurrencies effortlessly, backed by top-tier encryption and multi-device compatibility. Whether you're building a DeFi project, NFT platform, or crypto exchange, a robust wallet solution is essential. With professional Cryptocurrency Wallet Development, you can integrate support for multiple tokens, biometric logins, and real-time transaction tracking. This development approach ensures better control, increased trust, and enhanced engagement. Get your crypto business off the ground with a feature-rich wallet users can rely on.

    1. Startups need speed and flexibility — and White Label Crypto Exchange Development delivers both. These ready-to-launch exchanges come with user dashboards, advanced charting tools, wallet integrations, and KYC features. They're built to support global markets and can be scaled as your business grows. With faster deployment, lower costs, and less technical stress, white-label solutions make it easy to focus on acquiring users and scaling revenue.

  10. Jun 2025
  11. May 2025
    1. new article exploring the narrative of progress, where the current narrative falls catastrophically short, what authentic progress would entail and require, and specific suggestions for how it could be realized.

      for - post - LinkedIn - progress trap - Daniel Schmatenberger - to - article - The Consilience Project - Development in Progress - https://hyp.is/E3HHGDFaEfCZErPpYGIONg/consilienceproject.org/development-in-progress/

    1. Die Politik der Trump-Administration in den ersten 100 Tagen hat zu einem Anstieg der Treibhausgasemissionen geführt. Trotz wirtschaftlicher Unsicherheiten durch Trumps Handelskriege und Tarife fördert seine "Drill, baby, drill"-Strategie die Öl- und Gasförderung, was die Emissionen erhöht. Gleichzeitig behindert Trump erneuerbare Energien durch Tarife und den Stopp neuer Solar- und Windprojekte. Experten warnen vor den klimaschädlichen Folgen und betonen die Notwendigkeit, auf erneuerbare Energien umzusteigen. [Zusammenfassung generiert mit Mistral] https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/may/02/trump-drill-baby-drill-tariffs

  12. Apr 2025
  13. Mar 2025
    1. BeChange: Sustainability education and leadership development : Assessing the links between inner development and outer change for transformation

      for - climate crisis - bridging inner and outer transformation - Christine Wamsler - homepage - Lund University - paper link - BeChange: Sustanability education and leadership development: Assessing the links between inner developoment and outer change for transformation - to - paper - BeChange: Sustanability education and leadership development: Assessing the links between inner developoment and outer change for transformation - This paper is in Swedish and requires translation. - https://hyp.is/4SfZlAPjEfCsqg_enwDOfg/www.iiiee.lu.se/gustav-osberg/publication/d0067af4-fc92-4c15-80e4-0d91bc4aa9d1

    1. for - inner development for sustainability - existential sustainability - adjacency - mindfulness - inner development goals- sustainabililty - individual / collective gestalt - Deep Humanity - Prof. Christine Wamsler

      definition - existential sustainability / inner development for sustainability - the science that studies the interface between inner development, behavior, culture and system transformation

    2. the aim of this particular event is to review the evidence for how mindfulness supports sustainability

      for - adjacency - mindfulness - sustainability - climate action - inner development goals - SDGs - individual / collective gestalt

      adjacency - between - mindfulness - sustainability - climate action - inner development goals - SDGs - individual / collective gestalt - adjacency relationship - mindfulness is to sustainability and climate action - as inner development goals are to SDGS and - as individual is to the collective gestalt

    1. It has so far shown little appetite for wide-ranging reforms of the Bretton Woods Institutions that cripple climate and development spending in the global south.

      for - adjacency - remove Bretton Woods - for development in Africa - to - article - phenomenal world - Nairobi-Washington vision - https://hyp.is/VXcTDvgUEe-gqDM3RpIkzA/www.phenomenalworld.org/analysis/the-view-from-nairobi-washington/

  14. Feb 2025
    1. the big picture in development um but development and learning are actually very similar they're almost almost synonymous and they simply involve two processes two mechanisms one is synaptic growth and one is synaptic pruning you get a proliferation of synapsis or synaptogenesis and then you get pruning of synapsis which I just showed you and the balance of those two mechanisms is development in in the brain

      > for - brain development - synaptic growth and synaptic pruning

    1. Another problem is that now your business logic is obfuscated inside the ORM layer. If you look at the structure of the source code of a typical Rails application, all you see are these nice MVC buckets. They may reveal the domain models of the application, but you can’t see the Use Cases of the system, what it’s actually meant to do.
  15. Jan 2025
  16. Dec 2024
    1. I have a great passion for the fetal brain research is that if we can really help now um how a parent is feeling it can really influence the neurod development of a child

      for - fetal brain research - help with how a parent is feeling influences neural development of a child later on - Youtube - Prenatal and Perinatal Healing Happens in Layers - Kate White

    1. As the industry moves beyond being solely focused on a subscription-based model

      Green open access and rights retention (i.e. the rightsholder applying a CC BY license to the accepted manuscript prior to licensing the publisher) were zero-cost to the author options for open access, which are part of a sustainable transition away from subscription-based models. ACS have set a precedent for charging for this option, they have not increased the options available to authors.

    2. new option

      "new [paid] option". Copyright owners can assign whichever license they choose to their works. If a CC BY license is applied to authors originals or the accepted manuscript arising from a submission, prior to signing away any of these rights, a zero-embargo green open access option was already available. This option is for the author to license the publisher to charge them a fee. The cost and the licensing requirements asserted by the publisher may become a barrier to rightsholders engaging in an activity they previously had an option to engage with.

  17. Nov 2024
    1. if development becomes as popular as mindfulness

      for - comparison - human development vs mindfulness - John Churchill - adjacency - education - we need to undergo human development at scale - Deep Humanity - John Churchill

      adjacency - between - mass education - the great transition - Deep Humanity - John Churchill - adjacency relationship - We will need to undergo human development at a mass scale in order to navigate the great transition - Deep Humanity as an open source human development protocol is aligned to Churchill's ideas

  18. Oct 2024
    1. Viele New Yorker Juristen, darunter namhafte Staatsanwälte, unterstützen eine Resolution zur strafrechtlichen Verfolgung der großen Ölgesellschaften. Vorgeworfen wird den Firmen, fossile Brennstoffe über Jahrzehnte verkauft zu haben, ohne über die ihnen bekannten Gefahren zu informieren oder diese zu berücksichtigen. Gefordert wird eine Klage wegen fahrlässiger Gefährdung von Menschenleben. Dazu muss nicht nachgewiesen werden, dass der Tod bestimmter Menschen durch die Konzerne verursacht wurde https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2024/oct/17/new-york-big-oil-fueling-climate-disasters

    1. In Kathmandu haben Überflutungen bereits über 200 Menschenleben gefordert. Insgesamt sind in diesem jahr in Nepal über 500 Menschen bei Überschwemmungen gestorben. Die extreme Stärke der Monsun-Regenfälle wird von Fachleuten der globalen Erhitzung zugeordnet. Eine Studie ergab, dass die Niederschlagsmengen durch die Erhitzung in den kommenden 5 Jahren weiter steigen werden. Im Kathmandu hat die Zerstörung von Feuchtgebieten die Katastrophe verschlimmert. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/sep/30/more-than-200-dead-in-nepal-floods-as-parts-of-kathmandu-left-under-water

  19. Sep 2024
  20. Aug 2024
  21. Jul 2024
    1. Good video. Funnily enough, I related it to Mazlow's hierarchy of competence a minute before you mentioned it. (Mr. Hoorn here, btw.) Another connection I made was to van Merriënboer et al. their "Ten Steps to Complex Learning" or "4 Component Instructional Design". Particularly with regards to doing a skill decomposition (by analyzing experts, the theory, etc.) in order to build a map for how best to learn a complex skill, reducing complexity as much as possible while still remaining true to the authentic learning task; i.e., don't learn certain skills in isolation (drill) unless the easiest version of a task still causes cognitive overload. Because if you learn in isolation too much, your brain misses on the nuances of application in harmony (element interactivity). Related to the concept of "the whole is greater than the sum of its parts". You can master each skill composite individually but still fail epically at combining them into one activity, which is often required.
    2. ( ~ 5:00 )

      The first stage of learning a complex skill is creating relevance, not in the sense of making knowledge relevant to your life; but rather in seeing what is relevant to learn at this point in the learning career.

      Building a map...

      The actions are exploration and challenge. Exploration = getting diverse opinions from others and learning the theory & variables. Challenge = open-mindedness for other beliefs and assumptions.


      Reminds me of 10 Steps to Complex Learning for curriculum design, where doing a skill decomposition is one of the first steps in designing the curriculum, and either being an expert or having access to experts is paramount.

  22. Jun 2024
    1. The main idea, able to be generalized, I get from this video is that in order to develop any skill, whether it is learning or something else, you need to break it down into its constituents, much like the 4 Component Instruction Design model argues, and figure out where your weak links are.

      The more accurately you know the system of your skill, the better you know what to potentially improve on. This requires research, and sometimes asking experts.

      Another benefit of networking.

  23. May 2024
    1. So she's this character who exists and is a film character. So film characters are, uh, glowing and luminous and they're perfect, right. They--they were born exactly as they should be. And I think that, uh, that's why we all show up to the movies. Because we get to experience characters in its most, uh, fundamental, uh, self.SONG 00:26:45So what we're pursuing is that, right. We're not trying to recreate the--you know, we're not making a docu series about it, you know. I mean it's so much more about it. So I think, and I think that process is happening for every single character.

      concept development

    2. And her soul and her heart. And her emotions. And talking through and building this character together. So I think that Nora is genuinely somewhere between part of me in our collaboration. I think she's the center of our collaboration. And she's not all Greta Lee, but also she's not all Celine Song.

      collaborator actor concept development

    3. Well, I think that it's because I am, uh, never quite thinking about the, uh, the characters as kind of an immolation of the real life people that the whole film was inspired by, right. So I'm never showing up to a conversation with Greta and saying it's like, well, because the character of Nora was inspired by who I am, you need to now be just like me. That's not what I'm asking her for.

      concept development, actor

    4. SONG 00:18:33Yeah. (laugh) Well, and well I think that it's also like, but I think when you're in a marriage too, I think that's the other side of things too. If you're--if you're in a long term relationship or a marriage like people--my audience members who, uh, have--who are in that place in their life.SONG 00:18:48You know, like it's sort of this other reaction where it's like, on one hand I've heard them say, you know, I just actually, uh, this movie made me, uh, really appreciate and love and acknowledge the--the importance of my partner. And I just how much I appreciate them, how excited I'm, um, you know, I feel, uh, to commit to them for the rest of my life.SONG 00:19:09And it just made me realize that I'm with a really, really good partner who cares for me, and I care for them. On the other side of things, I've also wrote the version of they're like, you know man, like this movie made me realize I'm in a very bad relationship. And I have a very hard conversation to have with my partner.SONG 00:19:27So I think that in that way, it's like it is meant to be more of the reflective surface for the audience. It's a little bit more like, huh, this is the decision and this is the life that this character Nora made. What does it make you think? What does it make you feel?SONG 00:19:40And--and how do you feel about it? Have you felt this way before?

      concept development

    5. Can I tell you. Like after almost every screening, uh, you know, because what's amazing is like, you know, like and also the movie can mean something different for everyone. I think that we see, uh, what kind of a life and what kind of a choice that, uh, Nora is making, or Nora is choosing.SONG 00:17:40But the thing that, uh, it reveals usually in the audience is like what--where are they--where they are in their life. And what they're looking for and what they want from their life. And what they're choosing. So for example, I heard both ends of spectrum from people who are single.SONG 00:17:56Where, you know, if you're single then, you know, I heard both of the actions of like, you know, this movie, you know, made me want to go and fly to another country and try to see if I can reconnect with that person whose I've been really hung up on. And just see if there's something there.

      concept development

    6. SONG 00:14:44Well, I think that when you're trying to, uh, make something that is really personal and that pass on in this case a very real autobiographical, uh, element and it's actually, uh, the--kind of the initial thing that, you know, spawn the whole film.SONG 00:15:00Because of that I think you're right. It is very, uh, vulnerable. But also I think that there is some total, uh, joy in it too. Because I get to share something that I personally feel very deeply is what it is like to be a human being, uh, today and now and right here.SONG 00:15:16So I think that the truth is that the feeling of that really did overwhelm, uh, the any kind of like, uh, fear or vulnerability or anything like that. I think that I could find the courage to, uh, share the story because I knew that if the audience, uh, would just hear me out on the story, I think that they would be able to understand, um, and really--and listen beyond on understand.

      concept

    1. I could not have written it without knowing how it ends. I think the first thing I wrote was the very opening and then I wrote the scene at the bar leading into the final walk home. I always knew we were driving towards that ending. It’s meant to be a knife — you want the ending to be sharp.

      concept

    2. I think about the ways a movie is going to live inside of audiences really differently. I don’t think it makes sense to only inspire tears — I think it can inspire a sense of bliss, too. The movie can mean so many different things. A lot of people see Nora cry at the end of the film, and they feel so connected to her and they also cry.

      concept

    1. Double Happiness director Mina Shum looks back at what has — and hasn't — changed in this extended interview from The Filmmakers.7 years agoDuration 10:31Double Happiness director Mina Shum looks back at what has — and hasn't — changed in this extended interview from The Filmmakers.7 years agoArtsShare2:27PauseMute9:4210:31Toggle fullscreenShareLinkFacebookTwitterEmailEmbedDouble Happiness director

      She talks about representation on screen in the end of this interview.

    1. Double Happiness

      0:51 Mina delves into the concept of leaving home and achieving independence, drawing from her own experiences of leaving home at eighteen. She aims to develop this theme as a model for young women, exploring the challenges and triumphs associated with stepping out on one's own

    1. The film is the vehicle for the reuniting the three generations in (more or less) corporeal form. But Ruth, who is “halved,” has a problem with integrity, and nothing is quite as simple as it seems. As the film unfolds, she leads us in an equivocal inquiry into the shifty nature of memory and the documentary genre itself.

      In the film, the narrative reunites three generations. The film explores the concept of "halved."

    1. Another perspective that supports the social nature of education comes from Vygotsky (1978), whose theory of the zone of proximal development proposes that optimal learning is achieved through both teacher’s guidance and peer interaction.  The zone of proximal development is the distance between what an individual can learn on his/her own and the potential for learning with an instructor or a community of peers

      Gap between learning on your own, or learning in community is an interesting topic. I see this as an issue for both in person engagement and online engagement

    1. Die Planungen neuer Kohlekraftwerke und die Nutzung von Kohleenergie haben im vergangenen Jahr neue Höchststände erreicht. Vor allem China plant viele neue Kraftwerke. Der Bericht Boom and Burst Coal des Global Energy Monitor stellt außerdem fest, dass Kohlekraftwerke weltweit viereinhalb Mal schneller abgeschaltet werden müssten, um das Ziel des Verzichts auf Kohleenergie bis 2040 zu erreichen.

    1. Die taz berichtet über die argentinische #Fracking-Zone Vaca Muerta und interviewt den ecuadorianischen Juristen und Politiker Alberto Acosta dazu. Acosta hat das Gebiet gerade mit dem International Rights of Nature-Tribunal besucht. Ölfirmen und Militär beuten Vaca Muerta trotz Widerstands der lokalen Mapuche-Bevölkerung aus und verursachen enorme Umweltschäden. Acosta fordert eine "kopernikanische Wende" in der Rechtsprechung, bei der anerkannt wird, dass die Rechte der Menschen von der Erde gewährt werden. https://taz.de/Alberto-Acosta-zu-Fracking-in-Argentinien/!5924912/ https://taz.de/Fracking-in-Argentinien/!5927002/ #fossildevelopment #vacamuerta

    1. Christina Figueres, frühere UN-Klimachefin, hat sich scharf gegen die Versuche des COP28-Vorsitzenden Sultan Al Jaber gewandt, Carbon Capture and Storage als Mittel gegen die Klimakrise zu propagieren. Al Jaber ist Ölminister der Vereinigten Arabischen Emirate und Chef der staatlichen Öl- und Gasfirma Adnoc, einer Mitbesitzerin der OMV: https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/may/16/cop28-host-uae-climate-united-arab-emirates

    1. Đie New York Times berichtet über die Folgen des gerade abgeschlossenen Deals zur Schuldenobergrenze für die Dekarbonisierung. Vieles spricht dafür, dass zwar der Bau der Bau der neuen Mountain Valley Pipeline für Erdgas beschleunigt wird Investitionen in die Netzinfrastruktur, die entscheidend dafür sind, ob die Energiewende in den USA gelingt, aber weiter aufgeschoben werden können.

      https://www.nytimes.com/2023/06/02/climate/permitting-reform-debt-ceiling.html

    1. Untersuchungen zeigen, dass die COP28 mit dem Emissions Peak für Treibhausgase zusammenfallen könnte. Um das 1,5°-Ziel zu erreichen, müssten allerdings die Emissionen bis 2030 um die Hälfte sinken. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/ng-interactive/2023/nov/29/cop28-what-could-climate-conference-achieve

    1. In Deutschland werden durch das LNG-Gesetz Überkapazitäten für den Import von Flüssiggas geschaffen, wobei gleichzeitig bisher geltende Regeln für Umweltprüfungen außer Kraft gesetzt werden. Francesca Mascha Klein kommentiert diese Entwicklung und weist darauf hin, dass der LNG-Ausbau den Klimazielen deutlich widerspricht und auch durch seine erheblichen internationalen Auswirkungen, z.b auf das fracking den Weg in die klimakrise beschleunigt

      https://taz.de/Streit-ueber-LNG-Terminals/!5934569/

  24. Apr 2024
    1. We often think of software development as a ticket-in-code-out business but this is really only a very small portion of the entire thing. Completely independently of the work done as a programmer, there exists users with different jobs they are trying to perform, and they may or may not find it convenient to slot our software into that job. A manager is not necessarily the right person to evaluate how good a job we are doing because they also exist independently of the user–software–programmer network, and have their own sets of priorities which may or may not align with the rest of the system.

      Software development as a conversation

  25. Mar 2024
  26. Feb 2024
    1. Ashbee was also quite possibly the anonymous author of an infamouspublication, My Secret Life, a narrative (likely fictitious, albeit based on theauthor’s experiences) of the 1,500 sexual exploits of a man called ‘Walter’who frequented the bars and brothels of London in the 1880s. The memoirwas in excess of a million words, coming in at 4,000 pages, over elevenvolumes. Only six copies exist today of the original print run of 475, self-published for private subscribers, but it was reprinted in the 1960s and hassince grown in reputation and fame. Its author is still unidentified, but Ashbeeis the frontrunner. Given the words sent in to the Dictionary by Ashbee, itwould not be surprising if he authored a book with chapter headings such as‘My Cock’, ‘A Frisky Governess’, and ‘My Cousin’s Cunts’ (the plural ismind-boggling!). It was only very recently, in the twenty-first century, thatMy Secret Life was read for the OED and the editors discovered that itcontained the first written evidence for the words cocksucking, cunty, fist-fuck(originally meaning masturbation), frig, fuckee, and randiness.

      Ashbee could be an interesting movie idea...

    2. Very early one chilly morning in October 1895, Fielding Blandfordstepped into a horse-drawn carriage with Edith Lanchester’s father and twobrothers. The four men arrived at Edith’s rented lodgings in Battersea. Theywoke the whole house with heavy banging on the front door, and FieldingBlandford forced his way in to ‘examine’ Edith. He ordered that she be takento an asylum because she was committing ‘social suicide’ by insisting on livingwith her working-class lover without marrying him. He justified this byarguing that under the Lunacy Act 1890 he would have certified her had sheattempted (normal) suicide.

      Fascinating story of a kidnapping and committal of a woman in October 1895 for shacking up with a man she wasn't married to.

      Ultimately gained international attention.

  27. Jan 2024
    1. Chapters of Me
      • Who: Jolyn Barcibal, a 25-year-old single mom from Negros Occidental, Philippines.
      • What: Introduction to Jolyn's life story and her journey of self-discovery as a single mom.
      • Where: Negros Occidental, Philippines.
      • Why: Jolyn wants to share her experiences and dreams while connecting with others and enhancing her writing skills through Hive.
      • When: Jolyn became a single mom in 2019 and has since been balancing motherhood, education, and work
      • How: Jolyn shows determination, unwavering commitment, and resilience in overcoming challenges and building a better future for herself and her child. She finds happiness in reading, writing, playing video games, exploring new foods while traveling, and video editing. Jolyn's parents provide strong support for her journey, and she aims to promote Hive and bring happiness through her content.
    1. Kommt ein Teil der Angst nicht auch aus der Furcht vor Fehlern? Oft funktioniert die Software eben doch nicht so gut wie die Bremsen meines Autos. Der Computer beruht auf den gleichen einfachen Prinzipien wie vor sechzig Jahren. Aber die Leistungsfähigkeit hat sich millionenfach gesteigert. Der Effekt dieser Leistungssteigerung auf die Programmierung ist allerdings sehr negativ – vor allem auf die Disziplin der Programmierung. Früher waren die Ressourcen extrem begrenzt, heute dagegen ist alles in Unmengen vorhanden: Speicher, Rechenleistung, Übertragungskapazitäten, einfach alles. Niemand muss mehr sparen. Programmieren heißt aber, Disziplin zu bewahren und jeden Moment darauf zu achten, dass man unnötige Komplexität vermeidet. Dieses Denken verschwindet mehr und mehr. Denn eine solche Optimierung erfordert Zeit. Sie wäre viel teurer, als einfach noch ein bisschen Hardware dazuzukaufen. Deswegen wird es nicht gemacht. Anzeige Warum ist das schlimm? Diese schnell erstellten Programme sind nicht nur weniger ökonomisch. Sie enthalten auch mehr Fehler.
  28. Dec 2023
    1. ‘progress traps’:
      • for: progress trap, Inner Development Goals, SoNeC, SRG Mapping Tool

      • comment

        • nice! (emoji: pleasant surprise) I wonder if Ferial or Joseph gave some inputs here, or was the SoNeC team already familiar with progress traps?
        • SRG mapping tool and Deep Humanity are designed to reveal complexity emerging from multiple, diverse perspectives mapped together so can compliment SoNeC application of Inner Development Goals
    2. SoNeC encourages us to engage in our personal inner development that is intertwined with our collec-tive social and political development as acknowledged by the UN’s recent Inner Development Goals
      • for: UN Inner Development Goals

      • comment

        • SoNeC integrates UN Inner Development Goals.
        • This is aligned with Deep Humanity praxis
  29. Nov 2023
    1. Ausführlicher Kommentar zu den 2,4 Billionen (Tausend Milliarden, im Artikel falsch übersetzt) Dollar, die laut dem COP27-Bericht von 2022 erforderlich sind, um Klimaschutz und -Anpassung in den Ländern des globalen Südens (außer China) zu finanzieren. Der auf Konsens ausgerichtete COP-Prozess sei außerstande, die nötigen Entscheidungen zu treffen. Der Betrag entspricht grob den aktuellen weltweiten Militärausgaben. https://www.repubblica.it/commenti/2023/11/19/news/cambiamenti_climatici_spesa_annua-420689085/?ref=RHRT-BG-I279994148-P4-S3-T1

    1. I'm assuming some of the goals are to make it clear where to put new files (and to stay within current Rails conventions). We already have a few non-standard app folders in our project, such as app/services, app/queries, etc. and we put some non-ActiveRecord classes in app/models. If we are going to move files, it might make sense to first define where files should go, and then move each file to the appropriate place. This might be more of a reorganization project, than copying over a folder.
  30. Oct 2023
  31. Sep 2023
    1. Biology offers many examples of Selves which change on-the-fly—not just during evolutionary time scales, but during the lifetime of the agent. All animals were once a single fertilized egg cell, then became a collection of cells solving problems in anatomical space, and only later developed an emergent centralized Self focused around navigating 3D space of behaviors
      • for: analog, analog - human development
      • analog: human development
        • Buddhist teachings on illusory nature of the self often make use of the example of our use of the same name for a body that is ever changing - it started as a sperm/egg united, then an embryo, fetus, neonate, newborn, infant, child, adolescent, young adult, adult, finally elderly.
        • the early stages of human development are just as radical as caterpillar to butterfly.
        • As adult humans, we take memories for granted, but such meta-level features do not even exist in the earlier parts of our development, such as just after the sperm inseminates the egg and we are just a collection of rapidly dividing cells
        • In this case, it is indeed insightful to apply more universal ideas of life and intelligence, since we ourselves have been through many different types of intelligences in our own individual human development
    1. To build HIPAA compliant software, developers need to be aware of and comply with several key requirements outlined in the HIPAA Privacy Rule and Security Rule. These requirements are designed to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of protected health information (PHI) and to prevent unauthorized access, use, or disclosure of PHI.

      Building software compliant with HIPAA standards necessitates a deep understanding of its Privacy and Security Rules to safeguard protected health information effectively.

    1. We will try to add two tests for response code in order to know that our request was successful. Another test we will add for response time <  2 sec in order to understand how fast request was processed by server. If it will be executed slower then for 2 seconds, our test will fail. In this case I use 2 seconds just for example it might be greater or lower number, but 7 seconds is usually a maximum time for request execution. So in order to add tests, go to “Tests” in request section of application and add this few lines : tests["Status code is 200"] = responseCode.code === 200; tests["Response time is less than 200ms"] = responseTime < 2000; When this is done hit on Send button again and execute your first test.

      Good case -- importance of adding tests to validate response codes and times, ensuring optimal server performance and response.

    1. There are many reasons why you might want to migrate from one stack to another. Maybe you’re looking for a more robust solution, or perhaps you’re trying to simplify your development process. Whatever the reason, it’s important to know that it is possible to migrate from one stack to another.

      Migration between tech stacks can be driven by various motivations, including the need for enhanced capabilities or a desire for a more streamlined development workflow.

    1. It also simplifies Magento order management, providing a centralized dashboard for handling customer orders and inquiries. Efficient order management can lead to improved customer satisfaction and increased sales. For more insights, check out this Magento Commerce Resources page.

      Magento's order management system offers a unified platform, making it easier for businesses to manage customer interactions and orders, enhancing operational efficiency.

    1. Developers use tools like Postman for API test automation to create WMS system integration technologies that help you increase efficiency by automating manual processes. The WMS connects all of your warehouse locations so that you can easily access information about your inventory, orders, and shipments from any computer.

      Leveraging tools such as Postman, developers can automate API tests, leading to the creation of efficient Warehouse Management System (WMS) integrations that streamline operations.

    1. Additionally, they are at the forefront of sharing valid product ideas with their team since they have an expert understanding of coding best practices as well as mobile and web programming services.

      Developers play a pivotal role in product ideation due to their deep knowledge of coding standards and expertise in both mobile and web development.

    1. Time Required to Code: Every project comes with a deadline, and the time set out by your client to get the work done is a crucial part of your decision. If you have a tight deadline, you might be better off with the fastest front-end framework you can find. One that would work well with your team’s capabilities to ensure great results in the shortest time possible.

      The efficiency of a front-end framework can significantly impact project timelines. Choosing a framework that aligns with the project's deadline and the team's proficiency can ensure timely delivery.

  32. Aug 2023
    1. If you want to mimic a more production like situation you might use this workflow: Create a package of your submodule locally: cd /path/to/your/module npm pack This will create a .tgz file of your package in /path/to/your/module Install the local package of the submodule in your application: cd /path/to/your/application npm install /path/to/your/module/<YourModule>-<YourModulesVersion>.tgz
    1. In computing, the robustness principle is a design guideline for software that states: "be conservative in what you do, be liberal in what you accept from others". It is often reworded as: "be conservative in what you send, be liberal in what you accept". The principle is also known as Postel's law, after Jon Postel, who used the wording in an early specification of TCP.

      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robustness_principle

      Robustness principle: be conservative in what you do, be liberal in what you accept from others.

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    1. We and the Japanesethought, in the i86o's, how wonderful it would be if thisresult could be achieved. We and they fixed our minds on theeconomic development of Japan and modified the educationalsystem of that country on "American lines" to promote thiseconomic development. So the rich got richer, the poor gotpoorer, the powerful got more bellicose; and Japan becamea menace to the world and to itself.

      Writing in 1951, Hutchins is writing too close to the time period of post World War II to have a better view of this topic. He's fashioned far too simple a story as a result.

      There was a lack of critical thinking and over-reliance on top down approval which was harmful in the Japanese story of this time period though.

  33. Jul 2023
    1. Seit 2020 haben die 20 ärmsten Länder 50 Milliarden Dollar Schldenan die G20-Staaten zurückgezahlt. Diese Beträge stehen für Klimaschutz und Klimaanpassung der oft besonders vulnerablen Länder nicht zur Verfügung. Bei einem Trffen der G20-Finanzminister*innen wurden keine Fortschritte bei der Entschuldung der ärmsten Länder erreicht. https://taz.de/Schuldenkrise-im-Globalen-Sueden/!5945035/

    1. Taken together, these implicit and explicit subsidies add up to over $7 trillion each year spent in ways that have unintended, harmful effects that are undermining our efforts to tackle climate change. To put that big number into context: this is about eight percent of the value of the global economy.
      • seven trillion dollars in toxic subsidies
    1. Rails' default approach to log everything is great during development, it's terrible when running it in production. It pretty much renders Rails logs useless to me.

      Really? I find it even more annoying in development, where I do most of my log viewing. In production, since I can't as easily just reproduce the request that just happened, I need more detail, not less, so that I have enough clues about how to reproduce and what went wrong.

    1. Vor der Pariser Konferenz zur Klimafinanzierung, bei der vor allem die sogenannte Bridgetown Agenda diskutiert werden soll, begründet Avinash Persaud, ein Berater der Premierministerin von Barbados, die Forderungen nach radikaler Veränderung und Aufstockung der Klimafinanzierung. Die Summen, die der globale Süden für klimaanpassung und Klimaschutz erhält, müssen potenziert werden, damit diese Länder der Klimakatastrophe wirksam begegnen können. Nicholas Stern und Vera Songwe beziffern den jährlichen klimafinanzbedarf des globalen Südens auf Billionen Dollar, etwa die Summe, die zurzeit für fossile Energien ausgegeben wird. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/jun/18/countries-are-drowning-climate-expert-calls-for-urgent-rethink-on-scale-of-aid-for-developing-worldexpert:

  34. Jun 2023
    1. As Chris Aldridge says, for centuries the Zettelkasten approach was the standard and universal method for producing books and articles - until personal computers took over. Nearly every serious work ever published before the 1980s was drafted either with index cards or paper slips, or else with notebooks in a commonplace style. Every writer had their own take on these two options, but that’s what they all used. Then, in a single decade, word processing software took over. These days, most writers use something like Microsoft Word or Google Docs (just try persuading your publisher you’re not giving them a docx file). Scrivener became popular because it critiqued the ‘endless roll of paper’ model and reverted to an index card interface of sorts. But it remained a niche.Today, you either thrive on that word processor model or you don’t. I really don’t, which is why I’ve invested effort, as you have, in researching previous writing workflows, older than the all-conquering PC of the late 1980s and early 90s. At the same time, new writing tools are challenging the established Microsoft way, but in doing so are drawing attention to the fact that each app locks the user into a particular set of assumptions about the drafting and publishing process.The current academic scene is a brutal war to publish or perish. It’s not unusual for a researcher to write or co-write 30-40 peer-reviewed articles per year. General publishing is also frenetic. In the UK, 20 books are published every hour of the day. It all makes Luhmann’s ‘prolific’ output look lazy. Now though, AI is blowing the entire field apart. From now on, prolific writing is what computers do best. There’s no reason not to publish 20,000 books per hour. Soon enough, that will be the output per ‘author’. Where the pieces will eventually land is anyone’s guess. For example, the workflow of the near future might involve one part writing and nineteen parts marketing. Except that AI has got that sewn up too. Meanwhile, until the world ends, I’m just having fun doing my thing.

      Before the advent of the computer, the use of a zettelkasten or commonplace book to research was "common place".

      What happened with the transition? Perhaps the methodology was lost in the transition, people just dumping things into a word file?

    1. In the layered architecture pattern, each layer fulfills a specific responsibility and role within the application. Some focus on user interface logic, while others handle the execution of business rules. These layers complement each other's unique purposes, but they aren't explicitly reliant on one another to perform their own tasks.
    1. We don’t just want to know that children behave differently at 4 than at 3, but why they behave differently. Variability can help.

      The authors claim that variability isn't just noise, but helps us understand the reasoning behind developmental behaviors, which can shed light on the causes of developmental differences in children.

    1. Unlike many developed countries, the United States lacks a national curriculum or teacher-training standards. Local policies change constantly, as governors, school boards, mayors and superintendents flow in and out of jobs.

      Many developed countries have national curricula and specific teacher-training standards, but the United States does not. Instead decisions on curricular and standards are created and enforced at the state and local levels, often by politically elected figures including governors, mayors, superintendents, and school boards.

      This leaves early education in the United States open to a much greater sway of political influence. This can be seen in examples of Texas attempting to legislate the display the ten commandments in school classrooms in 2023, reading science being neglected in the adoption of Culkins' Units of Study curriculum, and other footballs like the supposed suppression of critical race theory in right leaning states.

  35. May 2023
    1. During this stage of development the child is continually searching fornew concepts, and his representational symbols change constantly. Herepresents a man today differently from the way he will draw a man to-morrow. We see at this stage the greatest variety of forms representing thesame object. This constant searching for new concepts will graduallydevelop into a representative pattern for each child. This individualpattern, or schema, can be readily observed in drawings by the time a childis seven years old; however, before this individual pattern, or schema, isfirmly established, we have a very flexible and, to some adults, the mostexciting stage of development in children's drawings

      blah blah

    Tags

    Annotators

  36. Apr 2023
  37. Mar 2023
    1. Another important use of intelligence tests is in the study of the factors which influence mental development.

      Intelligence testing can be used to determine mental development. I think this is important to the history of psychology because we started trying to understand mental development while looking at intelligence. There is a slight correlation to intelligence testing and the influence for mental development.

    2. Wherever intelligence tests have been made in any considerable number in the schools, they have shown that not far from 2 per cent of the children enrolled have a grade of intelligence which, however long they live, will never develop beyond the level which is normal to the average child of 11 or 12 years. The large majority of these belong to the moron grade; that is, their mental development will stop somewhere between the 7-year and 12-year level of intelligence, more often between 9 and 12.

      I think this is interesting that mental development will stop at 7-year and 12-year old level of intelligence. This is relevant to the history of psychology because children at those ages were believed that their mental development stops at 7-years to 12-years of intelligence. This is relevant to the history of psychology as well because it was a study that was conducted that could have probably changed overtime as we have gathered more resources. The 2 per cent might have gone down or it could have increased. I think that mental development continues as we grow older and so could our intelligence instead of being limited our whole lives.

    1. this intellectual background can also lead to arrogance. People who excel at software design become convinced that they have a unique ability to understand any kind of system at all, from first principles, without prior training, thanks to their superior powers of analysis. Success in the artificially constructed world of software design promotes a dangerous confidence.

      Risk of thinking software design experience is generally transferable

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  38. Feb 2023
    1. Categories mean determination of internal structure less flexibility, especially “in the long run“ of knowledgemanagement and storage

      The fact that Luhmann changed the structure of his zettelkasten with respect to the longer history of note taking and note accumulation allowed him several useful affordances.

      In older commonplacing and slip box methods, one would often store their notes by topic category or perhaps by project. This mean that after collection one had to do additional work of laying them out into some sort of outline to create arguments and then write them out for publication. This also meant that one was faced with the problem of multiple storage or copying out notes multiple times to file under various different subject headings.

      Luhmann overcame both of these problems by eliminating categories and placing ideas closest to their most relevant neighbor and numbering them in a branching fashion. Doing this front loads some of the thinking and outlining work which would often be done later, though it's likely easier to do when one has the fullest context of a note after they've made it when it is still freshest in their mind. It also means that each note is linked to at least one other note in the system. This helps notes from being lost and allows a simpler indexing structure whereby one only needs to use a few index entries to get close to the neighborhood of an idea as most other related ideas are likely to be nearby within a handful or more of index cards.

      Going from index to branches on the tree is relatively easy and also serves the function of reminding one of interesting prior reading and ideas as one either searches for specific notes or searches for placing future notes.

      When it comes to ultimately producing papers, one's notes already have a pre-arranged sort of outline which can then be more easily copied over for publication, though one can certainly still use other cross-links and further rearranging if one wishes.

      Older methods focused on broad accretion of materials into subject ordered piles while Luhmann's practice not only aggregated them, but slowly and assuredly grew them into more orderly trains of thought as he collected.

      Link to: The description in Technik des wissenschaftlichen Arbeitens (section 1.2 Die Kartei) at https://hypothes.is/a/-qiwyiNbEe2yPmPOIojH1g which heavily highlights all the downsides, though it doesn't frame them that way.

    1. People have some control over the timing of their death and can hold on until after important occasions or die quickly after having lost someone important to them

      I thought this was the most interesting fact because it is crazy that as humans we can get to a point in our lives where we literally decide what time is the best to die. It makes sense but also leaves me with so many questions. How is this possible? Can everyone do this? Do you have to be at the point of hospice for the to be possible? I just feel this is crazy that we can control when our time is whether or not we have a will to live. I added a link that goes deeper and adds examples of this subject from the Washington Post.

      https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2022/09/30/timing-of-death-can-we-choose/

    1. With a category you can just bypass idea-connection and jump right to storage.

      Categorizing ideas (and or indexing them for search) can be useful for quick bulk storage, but the additional work of linking ideas to each other with in a Luhmann-esque zettelkasten can be more useful in the long term in developing ideas.

      Storage by category means that ideas aren't immediately developed explicitly, but it means that that work is pushed until some later time at which the connections must be made to turn them into longer works (articles, papers, essays, books, etc.)

  39. Jan 2023
    1. https://web.archive.org/web/20230116221448/https://www.dailykos.com/stories/2023/1/16/2147067/-Are-we-living-in-the-last-days-of-the-Scientific-Age Discusses a recent Nature article looking at how increasing numbers of new patents (a rightly criticized indicator) deal with ideas of decreasing impact. Conclusion is though that the number of disruptive patents remains high, just that the overall number of patents rises. Meaning perhaps more the democratisation of patenting, or perhaps the end of the utility of patenting, than stalling scientific progress.

      Some points from a 1996 book mentioned vgl [[Evolutionair vlak van mogelijkheden 20200826185412]] wrt scientific progress / increasing niche-specification in the evolutionary plane of possibilities. The book suggests skating to a different place has prohibitive costs and maybe out of reach. Vgl local optimisation in complexity, and what breaking loose from a local optimum takes. Is the loss of the Scientific Age here discussed a needed path into chaos to be able to reach other peaks? Check comments on the Nature article to see if this type of aspect gets discussed.