with contributions from security researchers at Anthropic, OpenAI, and Google
横向阅读的最高价值发现。Anthropic 7/29 的事故披露文脚注 2 写明「OpenAI/Hugging Face 事件发生于 ExploitGym 的一次评测」，并用整整一节把两起事件对立起来（我们主动发现 / 他们 0-day 逃逸）。但这里写着：ExploitGym 的构建有 Anthropic 安全研究员的贡献，同文还说「Anthropic ran the Opus 4.6 and Mythos Preview trials」——Anthropic 自己也在这套基准上跑模型。事故文对这层关系只字未提。结合已知的 Irregular 关系（商业供应商 + 白皮书合著方），这个领域里「独立第三方评测」的实际独立性比表面叙述低得多。
Due to a misunderstanding between us and our evaluation partner, this was not the case, and internet access was available
根因被归为「我们与评测伙伴之间的误解」，且主语消失（谁做的配置？）。补上外部信息后这句的分量会变：该伙伴 Irregular（原 Pattern Labs）2025 年 9 月由 Sequoia、Redpoint 领投融资 8000 万美元、估值 4.5 亿，同时是 OpenAI 与 Anthropic 的商业供应商，并与 Anthropic 合著过白皮书。本次「联合调查」是两家有商业与合著关系的公司互查，不是独立审计。
By ByteBot Share TanStack Start hit Release Candidate status in early 2026 as a full-stack React framework that challenges Next.js’s dominance with a radically different philosophy: client-first, not server-first. Built on TanStack Router, Vite, and Nitro, it delivers server-side rendering, streaming, and server functions without forcing developers into the server-centric mental model that’s become React’s default. If Next.js’s opinionated approach or React Server Components feel heavy-handed, TanStack Start offers breathing room.
“I'm all in favor of keeping dangerous weapons out of the hands of fools. Let's start with typewriters.” ― Frank Lloyd Wright
https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/312645-i-m-all-in-favor-of-keeping-dangerous-weapons-out-of
original source?
Yes, this was one of the oldest, most unique typewriters with history in a while, last one before this was Larry McMurtry's Hermes 3000. Before those I was both Erma Bombeck and Paul Harvey's typewriter tech, both used IBM selectric's
via Duane Jensen at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tJxFzACiISM&lc=UgyDGDDU6cEskMvsPmh4AaABAg.9Vb0zueAXOF9VbnHZ4AT_F
1st hand, Because his assistant was the one who contacted me first, then I talk to Larry via phone, after working on 2 Hermes 3000's, the 3rd typewriter I delivered myself to him at his place in Tucson. After he died, all 12 of his Hermes 3000's were auctioned of for about $3000.00 ea, I was hoping he would have willed those to me . . . .
via Duane Jensen at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tJxFzACiISM&lc=UgyDGDDU6cEskMvsPmh4AaABAg.9Vb0zueAXOFAEfXxtmCuPo
supporting K-12 schools to implement coherent instruction and colleges and universities to holistically meet the needs of their students is among the hardest, most necessary work in education
Gates Foundation: "holistically meet the needs of their students" which makes me think about - Persistence - Quality (getting the learning they came to get) - Relevance (WIL) - Advising + support services - Community (belonging, mentors, friends) - Purpose + Meaningfulness (it's what learners want and it's what motivates people)
250. Tackling ‘Big History’ feat. Ian Morris<br /> unSILOed Podcast with Greg LaBlanc
Drawn from Chapter 5
It states where the passage is in the overall boo
D
Student sample: The Age of Innocence by Edith Wharton
Part A
Inthe 1880s, it was considered insulting touse typewriters for private correspon-dence. It was thought, for instance, thata typewritten letter from a man was notreally personal because it would gener-ally have required a professionaloperator's help to produce.
- Bruce Bliven, The Wonderful Writing Machine (New York: Random, 1953), p.68-71.
Baker, Nicholson. 1994. “Discards.” The New Yorker 70(7): 64. https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/1994/04/04/discards (August 6, 2021).
Berkeley’s subject catalogue is already gone. Though it was more or less frozen in the nineteen-eighties, it was nonetheless very efficient for some kinds of searches: if the primary sources in your field were published in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, you don’t want your retrievals spread among the thousands of irrelevant records that a mechanical database subject haul brings up. Any drawer of an out-of-date paper catalogue represents the equivalent of a filtered computer search, a Boolean date-limited search, of a very sophisticated sort—in fact, one drawer represents the outcome of a kind of search that most on-line catalogues can’t and won’t ever be able to perform, since it offers clues to what books were in the library during different eras. If in seventy years a historian of science (say) wants to know whether some Nobel-laureate physics professor could possibly have seen and been influenced by a certain out-of-the-way Dutch mathematical monograph from the thirties which bears important similarities to his work—whether, that is, it was part of the library’s collection during the period when the professor was developing his ideas or was acquired only after the professor’s papers were published (perhaps acquired by the library as a gift from the professor’s estate, in fact, because the professor was sent the monograph by the Dutchman himself, anxious to establish primacy)—the historian of science will have little chance of finding an answer to his question now, because the computer record will bear the (to him) meaningless date of the retrospective conversion of the card, i.e., sometime in the late eighties or early nineties, which has no relation to the time that the card was originally produced (and the book placed on the shelf), whereas the original card, even if it bore no direct date of creation, would have exhibited distinct features (typewriter style, format, cataloguing conventions) that might have enabled a cataloguecard paleographer to place it within a five-year Period.
interesting research example of a search not enabled by a digital card catalog
In 1848, Antonio Panizzi, Keeper of Printed Books for the British Museum, had a similar notion:By an alphabetical catalogue it is understood that the titles be entered in it under some “headings” alphabetically arranged. Now, inasmuch as in a large. library no one can know beforehand the j uxtaposition of these headings, and it would beimpossible to arrange them in the requisite order, if they cannot be easily shifted, each title is therefore written on separate “slips” of paper . . . which are frequently changed from one place to another as required. It is selfevident that if these “slips . . . be not uniform, both in size or substance, their arrangement will cause mechanical difficulties which take time and trouble to overcome.
N-LINE catalogues are wonderful things in principle—things of efficacy, and even, occasionally (as in the case of O.C.L.C.’s Online Union Catalog), of grandeur. As a result of the publicly financed expansion of higher education in the sixties, and the boom in academic publishing that followed it, the holdings of the typical university library have doubled over the last twenty years. Without on-line catalogues, and the circulation and acquisition modules of software with which on-line catalogues are linked, libraries would simply not have been able to process all the books and journals that were arriving on their loading docks. By the early seventies, there was an ominous arrearage of uncatalogued material waiting on herds of rolling carts near the overtaxed cataloguing departments of most large libraries. Cataloguing had reached a state of crisis similar to the one that forced the financial markets to close early during some of the high-volume weeks of 1969, when Wall Street’s paper-based methods of order processing couldn’t keep up with each day’s orders to buy and sell stock. Computerized stock-execution saved Wall Street (and made program trading and Brack Monday possible, too), and computerized cataloguing procedures saved libraries.
It is true that they seldom have formal training in the intricacies of the cataloguer’s art: they are not necessarily up on the elaborate Anglo-American cataloguing rules, nor are they current concerning the periodic “Rrs, or Rule Interpretations, issued by the Library of Congress, which—like hermeneutical dispatches from the I.R.S. or the Financial Accounting Standards perplexing cases in classification as they emerge. Most operators have had no library-school courses in the Dewey Decimal system (still thriving, by the way, and very big in Europe), or the “Sears List of Subject Headings,” or Cutter numbers, or the abbreviational niceties of the International Standard Bibliographic Description (I.S.B.D.) format—but they do apparently pick up a great deal as they go.
Timothy Kohler and Michael Smith’s edited volume Ten Thousand Years of Inequality (2018), calculating Gini coefficients for multiple ancient societies, perhaps appeared too late for Graeber and Wengrow to take it into account, but the broad patterns that are emerging seem to owe little to prehistoric peoples’ will to imagine different possibilities.
How would we know whether the cases that Graeber and Wengrow explore are sufficient to falsify the evolutionists’ claims?
This is a solid question and worth exploring.
Looking at it another way, perhaps Graeber and Wengrow are just showing a less teleological perspective with wider variance bars around the data to say that there are other potential possible outcomes? (Which they do.)
Monuments Without AgricultureIt used to be a truism among archaeologists that farmers build monuments, mobilizing huge amounts of labor, but foragers do not. This, we now know, is overstated. The most famous exception is Göbekli Tepe, an extraordinary cluster of sunken chambers with massive, carved stone pillars near the Turko-Syrian border. Construction began here by 9500 BCE, just as experiments with domestication were beginning not far to the south, but all the evidence suggests that the builders were hunters and gatherers.16 Stonehenge, the most famous prehistoric monument of all, was built between roughly 3000 and 2600 BCE by herders rather than farmers,17 but as early as 8000 BCE, foragers had set up a series of monumental posts (perhaps totem poles) at the site. At Locqmariaquer in Brittany, fishermen dragged a 20-meter-tall, 350-ton stone stele for 5 kilometers around 4500 BCE and then erected it over a communal tomb. In coastal Peru, other fishermen started building mounds at Aspero, Caral, and Sechin Bajo before 3700 BCE. Foragers in Louisiana heaped up giant earthworks at Watson Brake around 3400 BCE and even bigger ones, using a standardized unit of measurement, at Poverty Point around 1600 BCE.18
Nice list of examples for early monuments here.
How do they all fit into broader themes of mnemonic traditions potentially?
Across the last 20 years, evolutionists have adopted more sophisticated frameworks (such as niche construction theory) to accommodate the new findings, and Stephen Shennan’s superb book First Farmers of Europe provides a thorough and convincing evolutionary account of the origins and expansion of agriculture.15
Since the 2000s, archaeologists and paleobotanists have moved away from three older theories about the origins of agriculture—first, that population growth after the end of the Ice Age (around 9650 BCE) drove experiments with gardening and herding that led to the domestication of plants and animals in the Near East; second, that domestication happened in a few core regions of the Near East and then spread steadily outward; and third, that farming inexorably drove processes of sedentism, rising labor inputs, and increasing inequality. Instead, most experts now suggest that the relationship between population and domestication was complicated and variable; that experiments with cultivating plants went on in multiple locations, particularly wetlands; that domesticated plants caught on extremely slowly, needing 3,000 years (ca. 9500–6500 BCE) to go from under 20% of assemblages to over 80%; that the drift toward domesticated resources was regularly reversed; that rather than causing sedentism, domestication was often its consequence; that sedentism and experiments with plant cultivation began as early as 21,000 BCE, at the coldest point in the last Ice Age; and that there is little sign of institutionalized inequality in the Near East before about 5500 BCE.14
14 Asouti and Fuller 2013 has been particularly influential. On population, Palmisano et al. 2021.
Interesting shift in literature in archaeology since 2000s.
Allen Johnson and Timothy Earle’s widely read book The Evolution of Human Societies, which uses the Great Basin Shoshone of a century ago as one of its key case studies. Like the Cheyenne, the Shoshone spent most of the year in unranked, family-sized groups, but some of them periodically granted “rabbit bosses” and “antelope shamans” far-reaching powers to coordinate large-scale hunting and trapping.
In what follows, I take evolutionists to be scholars who see some conceptual continuity between human history and biological evolution, who consider sociocultural evolution to be governed by identifiable mechanisms functioning somewhat like natural selection, who see these mechanisms as involving adaptation to the environment, who believe that the mechanisms operate on all societies regardless of time and space, and—usually, but not always—who recognize stages of social and cultural evolution, from egalitarian foraging bands through hierarchical agricultural empires and pastoral tribes, to modern fossil-fuel-based nation-states.
whether Graeber and Wengrow commit so many howlers that their central thesis is invalidated.
Is it good storytelling, is it fact, or something in between?
Interesting to see where the bar is in the anthropology community in terms of bringing evidence to tell a new story.
Where does this line exist between fact and fiction and what does it tell us about the level and rigor of a science? Mathematics and physics can't get away with stringing together falsities, yet the "softer" sciences apparently can.
Even if Graeber and Wengrow's story isn't fact, shouldn't it be? For the benefit of humanity?
Where Harari and Diamond offered evolutionist accounts of history,3 Graeber and Wengrow are explicitly anti-evolutionist. Dawn deserves admiration for being the most extended and detailed rebuttal to evolutionism this century—and it provokes exasperation for precisely the same reason.
the ordinary 'stock cards' furnished by firms for card cataloguepurposes. In large quantities they should be obtained in thisway ruled, cut, and printed, for $1.35$1.50 per M
These cards can be made by any printing establishment provided with a ruling machine at a cost considerably below that of
This model gives both learners and employers clarity and confidence around competencies without having to interpret them from college transcripts or job descriptions.
Remove guess work. Transparency demystifies and makes clear what credentials are credentialing.
It enables states to document whether programs are producing graduates with the skills and competencies that regional economies need. Better than the first-job earnings metrics in place today, a quality assurance model can confirm whether credentials are truly delivering verified skills that matter and are producing measurable mobility for learners, employers, and communities.
Knowing that credentials earners then become wage earners is important. It is a relatively reliable signal that the credential carries value. It's also a clumsy proxy for answering the far more vital question of whether the credential is a valuable resource for meeting the skills employers seek in order to fill living wage jobs.
these programs lead to credentials that deliver value because skills and learning outcomes are transparent, credible, and comparable.
We know what the credential is credentialing. We know how the credential compares and relates to other credentials. And we know that if someone has the credential, we can trust that they earned it.
We should applaud the new federal “do no harm” standards and other accountability measures that raise the bar. But our nation’s colleges and universities must aim higher by seeking to do good throughout the lives of their learners.
Impetus is about funding based on short-term employment results, however the opportunity is for institutions to respond with more than a minimal compliance approach and instead take a more meaningful path that goes deeper and broader in serving learners with value now and for years to come.
A version of this manuscript has been published. Here is the citation: Dustin T. Hill, Rafael Schulman, Ian Vasconcelos Caldas, Christopher Dunham, Yifan Zhu, Daryl Lamson, Lindsey Rickerman, Kirsten St. George, Yasir Ahmed-Braimah, Hyatt Green, Brittany L. Kmush, Frank Middleton, David A. Larsen. (2026). Diversity of SARS-CoV-2 genome in wastewater and implications for shifts in infectious disease transmission. Science. 392. 735-741. DOI 10.1126/science.aed6094.
Users of the Royal KHM typewriter:<br /> William Faulkner, L. Ron Hubbard, David McCullough, Al Neuharth, Mickey Spillane, Dalton Trumbo, Frank Lloyd Wright, J. D. Salinger, Georges Simenon, Richard Wright, Eric Hodgins, William Peter Blatty, Post Malone, and Taylor Swift.
20 years Age of onset 3 years 9 years
In Kolumbien wird der neugewählte rechte Präsident einen Rollback in der Umweltpolitik und bei der Energiewende einleiten. Er wird dabei auf gut organisierten Widerstand lokaler Communities und der Linken stoßen. Trotz der Politik der Regierung Gustavo Petro ist Kolumbien noch immer von Rohstoffexporten abhängig. Interessierte Machtgruppen setzen vor allem auf die Expansion des Kupfer-Bergbaus.
Exxon started giving money for climate research to Columbia University’s Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory in the late 1970s. Then in 1991, the company funded the launch of the Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, according to the program’s former co-director, Henry Jacoby. Chevron, Shell and BP also later supported the program, which developed influential climate-related models.
It will be decided by who builds the best worlds for models to learn in, the best guardrails for them to operate within, and the best games to discover what they can actually do.
作者在文末提出了极具洞察力的结论：AI 的竞争焦点已从单纯的模型规模，转移到了“环境构建”、“安全护栏”和“动态评测”三个维度。这意味着算力壁垒可能被数据和评估壁垒所取代，未来的 AI 巨头将是那些能打造最佳“沙盒生态”的公司。
Premise 2: Content is small. A 500-word blog post renders fine in Markdown. A 3,000-word agent-generated implementation plan with architecture decisions, trade-off tables, and code samples does not. Past about 100 lines, Markdown becomes a wall of text. No navigation, no collapsible sections, no way to jump to the part you care about. Thariq’s observation is blunt: “Nobody really reads a Markdown file longer than 100 lines.”
https://www.instagram.com/p/DZSwHjyGgMz/
Cartoon typewriter depicted on the cover of House of Secrets, No. 18 (DC Comics)
For decades, code contributions have been how open source projects learned who to trust. People would show up, do the work, take responsibility for their changes, and stick around. Over time, trust emerged from the work itself. AI tools have changed the economics of this very quickly. We use them ourselves every day, but a pull request no longer tells us as much as it used to about the person submitting it. A substantial patch used to imply substantial effort, and that effort was a reasonable proxy for good faith. That assumption no longer holds. For a browser, this matters. A browser runs untrusted input from the entire internet on the user’s machine, and one well-disguised vulnerability is all an attacker needs. We have already seen patient, well-resourced campaigns in open source to earn maintainer trust and abuse it. What has changed is how much faster and cheaper it has become to produce work that looks like a serious contribution.
In a mistaken effort after economy some peoplerefrain from taking this advice, and have cards printedand cut at the local printing office. Whatever initialsaving is effected is dearly bought, for such cards areseldom cut with the mathematical accuracy necessaryfor satisfactory work.
He's not using the traditional wording, but he's talking about the need for having "cards of equal size" for use in a card index here.
It would be un-grateful not to acknowledge with appreciation theobligation owed to the publishers of that most excellentbusiness magazine, " System/' from the pages of whichanyone interested in modern business methods mustinevitably derive some inspiration.
People don't want infinite choice anymore; they want fewer decisions inside places where someone has already thrown out the worst options.
Reminds me of an experiment summarized in Barry Schwartz's Paradox of Choice. As I recall it, grocery store customers were divided into 2 groups - one group saw shelves upon shelves of different jams and jellies; the other group saw about 4 kinds of jelly. Everyone agreed that the store with more options must be the better store. But the people presented with fewer options said they had a better shopping experience.
And they bought more jelly.
We now spend much more of our time delegating tasks to many Claudes in parallel.
大多数人认为AI会取代人类工作，导致失业，但作者认为AI实际上改变了人类工作方式，让人们转向更高层次的任务分配和管理。这挑战了关于AI与就业关系的传统叙事，表明AI可能创造新的工作形式而非简单替代人类。
The union has drawn a hard line. 'Not a single humanoid robot will be allowed on the production lines without a labour-management agreement,' it said. It wants a veto, not a briefing.
大多数人认为工会会抵制机器人技术以保护现有工作岗位，但作者提出了一个更激进的解读：工会实际上是在寻求对自动化决策的否决权，而不仅仅是被动抵抗。这表明工人正在主动争取对工厂未来的控制权，而不仅仅是保护现状。
I'm sorry for anyone using it, but I no longer have the time to maintain it.
Self-Determination Theory (SDT), a major psychological the-ory of human motivation, has become increasingly popular inHuman-Computer Interaction (HCI) research on games andplay.
Todd Blanche hit with state bar complaint backed by 101 former judges<br /> by [[Steve Benen]]<br /> accessed on 2026-06-24T00:19:53
Trump may be mystery patient in odd case of 79yo getting experimental obesity drug<br /> by [[Beth Mole]] in Ars Technica<br /> accessed on 2026-06-23T21:06:22
his is where yo
we can use tags
ydotool will then be rewritten in JavaScript afterwards, to enable more people to understand the code & contribute.
Texas anti-ICE protesters convicted of terrorism charges sentenced to at least 50 years in prison | Trump administration | The Guardian<br /> by [[Sam Levine]]<br /> accessed on 2026-06-23T09:12:06
[Why this creepy melody is in so many movies}(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-3-bVRYRnSM)<br /> on YouTube by Vox
Purposeful entry; looking for person of peace / houses of peace
the priesthood of all believers (1 Peter 2:5-9),
The focus is to make every follower of Christ a reproducing disciple rather than merely a convert.
They invite “persons of peace” into a simple, inductive Bible study along with their family and friends.
According to some, finding a person of peace is essential to a fruitful entry strategy for a missionary. However, this interpretation of Luke 10 is exegetically flawed, and following this philosophy to identify a person of peace is potentially dangerous.
Jesus was walking by the Sea of Galilee and saw Levi sitting in a tax booth. “Follow me,” Jesus commanded. “Levi got up and followed him” (Mark 2:14, NIV). The next scene is at Levi’s house. Levi has invited all his business associates and sinners to a large meal to introduce them to Jesus. Levi was a person of peace.
I should note—a person of peace may not have accepted Jesus as their Lord and Savior but still be open to the Gospel message. It’s this openness to those sharing the Gospel that shows God is already working within their lives.
Utterly Absurd Contractor Behind Reflecting Pool Renovation Disaster<br /> by [[Rachel Kahn]] in The New Republic<br /> accessed on 2026-06-19T13:06:37
It was so important for Trump to have the reflecting pool be blue that they stupidly hired "Greenwater Services" with a no-bid contract.
It is our prayer that this training will help you in your personal efforts and in your church’s efforts to make disciples for the Kingdom of God. We hope that you will view your experience with eLife and beyond as helping you expand the work of Christ’s Church, and not as serving as a representative of eLife, trying to carry out eLife’s programs or to promote eLife in any way. What we have shared and will share with you does not belong to eLife, but is intended to be given away for the good of the Body of Christ. Please do so with our blessing towards the goal of fulfilling the Great Commission.
Trump Calls Obama a “Son of a B*tch” After Disastrous Iran Deal Leaked<br /> by [[Edith Olmsted]] in The New Republic<br /> accessed on 2026-06-18T09:16:08
Angry and Rattled, Trump’s Fox Allies Blurt It Out on Live TV: He Lost<br /> by The Daily Blast With Greg Sargent on The New Republic<br /> accessed on 2026-06-18T09:13:10
THE HUMOURS OF WHISKEY<br /> by [[Marc Gunn]], Celtic Bard accessed on 2026-06-17T11:52:28
Vance’s admission contradicts what he said on Friday, when he claimed in an X post that Iran would not be “receiving any cash, and no funds are being released simply for signing a deal or attending a meeting.” In addition to the U.S. and its allies paying $300 billion in reconstruction funds, Iran reports that the U.S. has agreed to release $25 billion in frozen Iranian assets.
So somehow this (on top of all the losses and multiple billions in costs of the war and economic problems) is better than the Obama nuclear deal? WTF?
Conservatives, including Trump and Vance, have long criticized the Obama administration’s 2015 nuclear deal, which involved the U.S. lifting sanctions and sending Iran $1.7 billion to settle decades-old failed contracts between the two countries. That deal was also succeeding, with international observers stating that Iran was adhering to all its nuclear terms. It was Trump who decided to break it in his first term and then start a war with Iran in his second.
America has lost its war with Iran<br /> by [[Editorial]] | The Independent<br /> accessed on 2026-06-15T22:04:21
Ranganathan, S. R. 1931. The Five Laws of Library Science. 1st ed. Madras, London: The Madras Library Association; E. Goldston. https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001661182 (June 15, 2026).
Opinion - A Defense of a Liberal Arts Education in the Age of A.I.<br /> by [[Ross Douthat]], [[Victoria Chamberlin]], [[jennSophia Alvarez Boyd]] - The New York Times<br /> accessed on 2026-06-11T16:57:08
Let us remember that it was the Obama administration that rolled out the scorecard of majors. So this kind of utilitarian push is, I believe, bipartisan.
I share your view that the purported death of literacy is a tragedy.
Robert Caro Reveals Details of His Final Lyndon Johnson Biography<br /> C-SPAN's Book TV
Caro outlines the entirety of his book before he starts writing. He puts his outline onto paper which he tacks up onto cork boards across his office wall.
Caro writes everything in longhand first then types/revised it on his Smith-Corona Electra 210.
Caro only gave Gottlieb a piece of his LBJ bio draft when he ran out of money and needed an advance. Otherwise, he doesn't give his editor material until he's done.
Caro lives on the corner in Central Park West
Caro was on the 22nd floor (of 29) at 250 W. 57th Street for 22 years and wrote 3 books in a one room office. Joseph Heller had an office there as well.
The only way out for keeping my employability in the long-term now seems to be shifting my domain expertise to something LLMs will not get good at so easily. But what's left?
大多数人认为人类可以通过转向更复杂的领域或学习高级技能来应对AI挑战，但作者暗示即使是这些领域也可能被AI迅速渗透，表达了一种'无处可逃'的悲观情绪。这与'人类总能找到AI无法替代的领域'的主流乐观观点相悖。
Several of the apps evaluated are subscription or freemium products that depend on users returning. This creates a structural conflict of interest: The business succeeds when users stay engaged, but good mental health care succeeds when users get better and need less support.
This structural conflict is the most fundamental critique of the entire category — not a product flaw but a business model flaw. Successful mental health treatment produces clients who no longer need the product. Gamification mechanics (streaks, coins, follow-up questions) are retention tools that optimize for the opposite outcome. As long as revenue depends on engagement, these apps face an inherent incentive to keep users symptomatic enough to return.
Paul Varjak’s typewriter in “Breakfast at Tiffany’s” is a 1960 Smith-Corona Galaxie with 10″ Carriage, 12CPI Elite typeface, in “Hunter Red” and carried in a deluxe blue Holiday Case.
Breakfast At Tiffany’s: Paul Varjak’s Typewriter<br /> by [[Ted Munk]]<br /> accessed on 2026-06-02T16:11:00
George Berkeley: A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge<br /> by Tod Desmond
Four important questions:<br /> - What can I know?
Berkeley believes in two things: ideas and the minds that perceive them.
"manifest contradiction"
Lucretius: things are made of atoms<br /> Berkeley: there are only ideas (and no matter)
Where do ideas and minds separate? where do they connect? how are they different from each other?
primary qualities versus secondary qualities
Plato's theory of absolute ideas<br /> - he rejects matter - GB: we can't separate primary and secondary qualities in our minds
How does matter interact with mind?
Crete practitioners prepare tens of thousands of tax returns each season which requires working through millions of underlying documents.
这个数据点展示了税务处理的规模：数万份报税表和数百万份文件。这解释了为什么自动化如此重要—人工处理如此大规模的数据不仅耗时而且容易出错。'tens of thousands'和'millions'之间的比例关系也显示了每份报税表通常涉及数十份支持文档的复杂性。
These criteria give rise to certain non-negotiable requirements. First, all systems used in a war setting must guarantee the possibility of retracing and reconstructing decision-making processes, so that accountability and blame are not collapsed into “the machine.” Second, the decision to use lethal force cannot be delegated to opaque or automated processes, but must remain under effective, self-aware and responsible human control. Finally, it is imperative to establish a shared framework — also at the international level — in order to curb the technological arms race and ensure robust protection for civilians and the infrastructures necessary for their survival.
Criteria for the AI-assisted use of force. (Might be interesting to ask whether these should apply to non-war situations as well, like police or private security use of force.)
We must therefore promote an ecology of communication. On the level of public policy, this entails establishing norms so that the decision-making behind content selection and its development becomes more transparent and protects personal data. Regarding social and cultural aspects, this requires a strengthening of intermediary organizations, serious journalism and forums for debate, where reasoned argumentation and verification carry greater weight than immediate reaction. For families and schools, there is a growing need for new educational awareness and for formation concerning the proper and critical use of digital tools, AI and online commercial and financial platforms. In universities, the principal challenge lies in the integration of knowledge, cultivating both the capacity to connect and synthesize knowledge in order to grasp complexity, and the skills necessary to verify facts.
Hopkins' most famous dropout | Hub<br /> by [[Aleyna Rentz]] in JHU Hub accessed on 2026-05-26T13:36:21
A Treatise concerning thePrinciples of I-Iuman Kno,vledge
Berkeley, George. Jessop, T. E., ed. 1964. “The Principles of Human Knowledge.” In The Works of George Berkeley Volume 2: The Principles of Human Knowledge, First Draft of the Principles, Three Dialogues, Philosophical Correspondence with Johnson, The Works of George Berkeley, London: Thomas Nelson and Sons, Ltd., 1–113.
Reprint of first edition (thus) 1949; Original publication 1710
reply to u/deleted at https://old.reddit.com/r/typewriters/comments/1te4u1i/state_of_the_typosphere/
Two or three typewriter repair shops have opened up in the past couple of years, though probably not enough to offset the retirements or deaths which include Tom Furrier (Cambridge Typewriter) and Duane Jensen (Phoenix Typewriter) respectively. Lucas Dul opened up a brick-and-mortar typewriter shop in Chicago.
Philly Typewriter and Bremerton Typewriter Company have started up typewriter repair schools/apprenticeships to expand on the trade.
Tom Hanks has continued donating typewriters to typewriter repair shops over the past few years, ostensibly to encourage the space as well as to slim down his own collection.
Richard Polt recently downsized his collection significantly. (His blog is generally a good source of the news of what's new in the past few years.)
Prices are up somewhat in general, but especially for Hermes 3000s, Olympias, Smith-Corona Silent Supers, and Olivetti Letteras even in poor condition.
Historical updates: https://typewriterdatabase.com/twdb.0.news-media
Type Pals has started up monthly meetups again: https://www.typepals.com/events
Lou Spirito designed a baseball scorecard for typewriters which was unveiled by Tom Hanks on March 29, 2025.
Qwertyfest seems to be going strong: https://www.qwertyfest.com/
Atlanta, Albuquerque, and Los Angeles have bee hosting type-ins a few times a year.
I've fleshed out some details and examples on typecasting for those interested in trying it out: https://indieweb.org/typecast
Other esophagus motility disorders
Dysphagia for liquids as well as solids tends to be intermittent and nonprogressive. DY
Manometry is not routinely used for mild to moderate symptoms because the findings seldom influence medical management
Barium esophagography is useful to exclude mechanical obstruction and to evaluate esophageal motility
Upper endoscopy also is performed to exclude a mechanical obstruction (as a cause of dysphagia) and to look for evidence of erosive refl traders ux esophagitis (a common cause of chest pain) or eosinophilic esophagitis (confirmed by esophageal biopsy)
Understanding Call Monitoring
Unlock the benefits of call monitoring for your contact center. Enhance customer satisfaction and performance with effective call listening and monitoring practices.
Know More: https://callyzer.co/blog/what-are-the-benefits-of-call-monitoring/
minority “communities of interest” have historically only been guaranteed representation through the practice of “racial gerrymandering,” a practice ruled unconstitutional in the recent US Supreme Court’s decision in Louisiana v. Callais.
Unfortunately, the Supreme Court did not find this argument to be persuasive, ruling instead that the question of partisan gerrymandering is “nonjusticiable”—outside their jurisdiction. Subsequent rulings, such as Abbott v. League of United Latin American Citizens, give little hope that the Supreme Court will impede future gerrymandering.
The Supreme Court in Rucho v. Common Cause (2019) found that Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling wasn't persuasive and found that gerrymandering is "nonjusticable".
Maine and Alaska both use instant-runoff voting for House elections.
That Pigeon Looks Just Like Michael Keaton<br /> The Late Show with Stephen Colbert
Definitely a late model Olivetti. Either a Studio 45, which was more common in the United States, or a Studio 46, both of which came in that color.
I'm leaning toward 46 because of some of the shape of the hood as well as the white variable button on the platen which I've only ever seen on the 46 while the 45s were typically black or had the button colored to match the body color.
A photo of a scribbled note becomes an interactive to-do list; a paused frame in a travel video becomes a booking link for that cool-looking restaurant.
These aren't demos—they're previews of how AI will collapse the gap between passive content consumption and active task completion. Every image, video frame, or document becomes a potential action surface. This fundamentally changes what 'content' means.
Torvalds' remarks contrast with recent comments from fellow kernel maintainer Greg Kroah-Hartman, who recently told The Register that AI has become an increasingly useful tool for the FOSS community.
文章只是简单指出Torvalds和Kroah-Hartman的观点存在对比，但没有深入分析这种差异的原因或背景。这种对比缺乏上下文，可能导致读者误解Linux社区对AI工具的整体态度。改进应包括探讨两位开发者可能的不同职责或经验如何导致观点差异，或提供其他社区成员的观点以平衡报道。
I think it is sufficient to make a proof of concept, and with a proof of concept then we can convince companies to actually put in the money to train larger systems, or systems that are trained from scratch using the same principle.
这一观点强调了概念验证的重要性，认为通过小规模实验可以说服公司投资更大规模的安全AI系统，展示了实现目标的实际路径。
In the final weeks of The Late Show with Stephen Colbert, Tom Hanks gifts Stephen Colbert with a box of computer paper and an Underwood Ace typewriter (circa 1955-57).
The Evolution of the Card Catalog System – Raymond Geddes<br /> accessed on 2026-05-13T21:39:37
The typewriter of Hollywood writer Carl Foreman and later Milton Sperling, it's encased in plexi with the titles of the films that were written on it.
https://www.facebook.com/groups/TypewriterCollectors/posts/10163613988099678/
Rosenbaum, Ron. 1999. “The Last Luddite Gets Wired.” Slate. https://slate.com/news-and-politics/1999/05/the-last-luddite-gets-wired-4.html (May 11, 2026).
I believe a case can be made–indeed a case has been made by others, by historians of Apple and hacker culture–that “Secrets of the Little Blue Box,” a story I wrote for Esquire back in 1971 about “phone phreaks” and the first computer hackers (it was only the second magazine story I’d ever had published) played a crucial role in the careers of the founders of Apple and of a legendary ur-hacker I made famous who went by the name of Captain Crunch.
The Quiet Cult of the Olympia Report deLuxe Electric Typewriter<br /> by [[Wilson Rothman]] and [[Steven Levy]]<br /> accessed on 2026-05-11T13:13:15
The Mystery of Patrick Moore's Woodstock Typewriter<br /> by [[Robert Messenger]] for oz.Typewriter<br /> accessed on 2026-05-08T13:19:49
For example, causal system is more abstract than posi-tive feedback system, which in turn is more abstract than the specific positive feedbacksystem by which the melting of polar ice causes lower reflectance of the sun’s heat, lead-ing in turn to more rapid melting.
Wetake the process of abstraction to be one of decreasing the specificity (and therebyincreasing the scope) of a concept.
it is not enough to consider the distribution of examples given to learn-ers; one must consider the processes learners are applying
Users of Woodstock typewriters included: - Robert Bloch<br /> - Howard Fast<br /> - Alger Hiss (1929 standard #230099)<br /> - Sir Patrick Moore<br /> - J.C. Oldfield (editor of the Associated Press's London bureau, 1930s)<br /> - Gordon Parks
If AI substantially reduces the centrality of paid work in human life, what conditions will allow people to reallocate their time and effort toward other sources of meaning, and what can we learn from historical or contemporary populations where work has been scarce or optional?
大多数人认为工作是人类身份和意义的核心，但作者质疑这一基本假设，暗示AI可能使工作变得非必要，这挑战了现代社会对工作的核心价值认知。作者暗示我们需要重新思考人类在没有工作的情况下如何找到意义，这与主流经济和社会观念相悖。
A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge<br /> by [[LibriVox]]<br /> accessed on 2026-05-07T09:38:57
A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge (Version 2)<br /> by [[LibriVox]]<br /> accessed on 2026-05-07T09:41:21
Long ago my forefathers came across the sea. Far they came, in white ships tall as trees and on the land they built them wagons and covered them with sails of their ships. Far they travelled and spread their campfire ashes over this vast barbaric land. But now their children are tired, we want to build
Defintion of an important concept: This paragraph along with the others that discuss history, depicts the racial opression and social tension that has existed between white and black people. It shows the unequal power dynamic of the white man in control and the black man forced to perform the heavy labor under the extreme heat and weather conditions. This represents an important event in history of apartheid in South Africa in the 1900s.
the company that wrote Visual SourceSafe now owns the canonical home of Git
"de facto", not "canonical"
Hunter S.Thompson's Smith-Corona Series 5 Portable Typewriter<br /> by [[Robert Messenger]] oz.Typewriter <br /> accessed on 2026-05-03T11:59:08
We estimate, with 90% confidence, that between 290,000 and 1.6 million H100-equivalents of compute were smuggled through the end of 2025.
大多数人可能认为走私到中国的AI芯片数量在数万级别，但作者的估计显示实际数量可能高达数十万甚至上百万H100等效芯片，这一数量级远超公众认知，表明走私问题的严重程度被严重低估。
The American Writer's Museum in Chicago, IL has John Hughes 1927 Corona 4 typewriter (burgundy).
Cross reference: https://www.instagram.com/p/DIU1X7xPIUN/
He isn’t Dario EA levels of evil, like the EA people have a plan for you and it’s never good when someone has a plan for you.
作者批评了某些科技巨头如EA的“阴谋论”，认为他们的计划并不总是对人们有利。
Of course it’s impossible to know for sure, but I think I really wouldn’t. Even the ideal version, industrial megaprojects at hyperhuman scale while constantly being out over your skis with leverage sounds hellish.
作者对高度工业化、超人类规模的AI项目表示担忧，即使是在理想化的情况下，这种对未来社会的设想也让他感到恐惧。
The value was always in judgment. The valuable engineer is the one who sees the hidden constraint before it causes an outage.
这个观点突出了判断力在软件工程中的核心价值。
The software engineers who will be most valuable in the future are not the ones who do everything themselves. They are the ones who refuse to spend time on work that A.I. can do for them, while still understanding everything that is done on their behalf.
这个观点强调了未来软件工程师的价值不在于他们能做什么，而在于他们如何利用AI来提升自己的思考能力。
We’ve lost the moral compass for what we invest into
我们已经失去了对投资方向的价值指南。
The transition from isolated AI models to the aggregated, metered token economy will unlock the twenty-first.
作者预测，从孤立的AI模型到聚合的、计量的token经济的转变将开启21世纪的新篇章。
I guess people will get back to crafting beautiful designs to stand out from the slop. On the other hand, I'm not sure how much design will still matter once AI agents are the primary users of the web.
大多数人认为设计始终对用户体验至关重要，但作者质疑当AI成为主要网络用户时设计的重要性，这挑战了设计行业的核心假设。这一观点暗示设计可能从面向人类转向面向AI，彻底改变设计价值链。
From event sponsorships to custom content to visually arresting video storytelling
这里列举了三种广告形式，但没有提供具体数据或比例。这是一个缺乏量化依据的描述，无法评估各种广告形式的商业价值或受众覆盖率。对于广告效果分析，需要更具体的投入产出比数据。
Accessible from Web, Gemini and Gopher.
This is a category error. "Web" does not mean "HTTP(S)"; "Gopher" and "Gemini" are in fact part of the Web (subspaces).
A Web browser that exclusively browses Gopher- and/or Geminispace is still a Web browser (the same as a Web browser that exclusively supports HTTP(S) and eschews Gopher and Gemini and e.g. FTP).
Agents and CDC streams are powerful together because they split the work well.
大多数人认为AI代理应该负责从端到端的任务执行。但作者认为AI代理和数据库引擎应该分工合作：代理负责解释新信息和调整逻辑，而数据库负责持续应用逻辑并发出精确更新。这种分工模式挑战了AI代理应该完全自主的主流观点。
We have been conditioned to identify with the things we have rather than become the person we ultimately see ourselves to be simply because it is easier to be a guy with a beard that likes coffee and Marvel movies than it is to become a man of fortitude and resiliance.
Against defining oneself in terms of external interests.
The most common cause of ascites is portal hypertension secondary to chronic liver disease, which accounts for over 80% of patients with ascites
injection drug use, a history of viral hepatitis or jaundice, and birth in an area endemic for hepatitis. A history of cancer or marked weight loss arouses suspicion of malignant ascites. Fevers may suggest
nonportal hypertensive ascites include infections (tuberculous peritonitis), intra-abdominal malignancy, inflammatory disorders of the peritoneum, and ductal disruptions (chylous, pancreatic, biliary
pericarditis. A large tender liver is characteristic of acute alcoholic hepatitis or Budd-Chiari syndrome (thrombosis of the hepatic veins). Large abdominal wall veins with cephalad flow suggest portal hypertension; inferiorly directed flow implies hepatic vein obstruction The physical examination is relatively insensitive for detecting ascitic fluid. In general, patients must have at least 1500 mL of fluid to be detected reliably by this method
A PMN count of > 250/mcL (0.25 × 109/L) (neutrocytic ascites) with a PMN percentage of > 75% of all white cells is highly suggestive of bacterial peritonitis, either spontaneous primary peritonitis or secondary peritonitis (due to an intra-abdominal source of infection, eg, a perforated viscus or appendicitis
继续做通用 UX 是最危险的位置，它正是最容易被 AI 和产品经理上下夹击的中间层。
大多数人认为UX设计师的核心价值在于通用用户体验设计，但作者认为这一角色在AI时代面临被取代的风险。这一挑战性观点暗示设计师需要向架构型或业务型方向发展，否则可能被AI和产品管理双重挤压，反映了行业对设计师角色未来发展的深刻思考。
Einer neuen Modellierung zufolge sind die wirtschaftlichen Auswirkungen der globalen Erhitzung deutlich gravierender, als es bisher von vielen in den Wirtschaftswissenschaften angenommen wurde. Eine globale Temperaturerhöhung um 2° wird danach das Bruttosozialprodukt weltweit um 16% senken. Bei einer Temperaturerhöhung um vier Grad wären die Menschen auf der Erde durchschnittlich 40 % ärmer als ohne diese Erhöhung. Die neue Modellierung bezieht die Folgen von Extremereignissen und anderen Auswirkungen der Erhitzung ein, die bisher meist nicht berücksichtigt wurden. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/apr/01/average-person-will-be-40-poorer-if-world-warms-by-4c-new-research-shows
Der Bericht eines britischen Instituts für Versicherungsmathematik geht davon aus, dass die Folgen der globalen Erhitzung das Bruttosozialprodukt um 15% verringern werden, wenn die aktuelle Politik fortgesetzt wird.
Studie: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/adbd58 Bericht von Institute und Faculty of Actuaries der Universität Exeter: https://actuaries.org.uk/planetary-solvency
All imagine that in the not-too-distant future many of us will designate some tasks that we currently undertake with our own brains and fingers on a physical PC to an agent that uses a virtual PC.
大多数人可能认为人类不会轻易将任务委托给AI代理，但作者描述了一个未来，其中许多任务将由AI代理完成，这挑战了人类对技术依赖的传统看法。
But the real power of agents comes when they can work as a team.
尽管人工智能代理的能力在单独工作时已经显现，但作者强调，它们真正的力量在于团队合作，这与通常认为的个体智能体主导的观点相悖。
Christopher Buckley: “Steaming to Bamboola” and Other Journeys
Bill Buckley's Royal HH from the National Review.
Almost hilarious that a gloved assistant brings it out and then removes it once they're done discussing it. Something so effete-ist about this that would be befitting Buckley himself.
https://www.facebook.com/photo?fbid=3565042706976081&set=pcb.1249358224049616
Signed card and headshot of Natalie wood in front of a blue series 5 Smith-Corona Silent-Super.
William F. Buckley, Jr.: Royal HH, Olivetti Lettera 32
At 1:13:45 into the documentary Best of Enemies: Buckley vs. Vidal (Magnolia Pictures, 2015), William F. Buckley is pictured using what appears to be a Hermes 3000 typewriter.
In the end, Luna hired two people. Let's call them John and Jill. John and Jill are, to our knowledge, the world's first full-time employees to have an AI boss. Probably the first of many, if the current trajectory of AI continues.
这是一个历史性的转折点，标志着人类雇佣关系的新时代。AI成为人类老板的可能性比许多人想象的要快得多，这可能彻底改变我们对工作、权威和职业发展的基本理解。
An AI agent just hired humans and ran a store Andon Labs deployed an AI agent called Luna into a physical boutique with a $100,000 budget, giving it full control to create, staff, and run the business as what may be the first real-world AI employer.
这一现象揭示了AI正在从虚拟助手转变为实际的经济行为主体，Luna作为首个AI雇主的概念令人震惊，它挑战了传统的人类雇佣关系和企业管理模式，预示着未来可能出现AI主导的商业模式，同时也引发了关于AI责任、伦理和监管的深刻问题。
Built-in memory works out of the box
令人惊讶的是：Hermes Agent 的内置记忆系统即插即用，无需复杂配置。在AI开发领域，记忆系统通常是最难实现的部分之一，需要大量调优。Hermes能提供开箱即用的解决方案，这显示了其工程设计的成熟度和对用户体验的重视。
The only fundamentally scarce thing is the synchronous human attention of my team. There's only so many hours in the day we have to eat lunch.
令人惊讶的是：在OpenAI的AI驱动开发环境中，人类注意力成为真正的瓶颈，而不是计算资源或代码质量。这种视角转变表明，未来软件工程的核心挑战将从技术问题转向人类注意力管理。
This creates the potential for LLMs to face conflicts of interest, where the most beneficial response to a user may not be aligned with the company's incentives.
令人惊讶的是：大型语言模型面临利益冲突的可能性被系统性地忽视，当用户的最佳利益与公司激励不一致时，AI系统可能会做出违背用户最佳利益的选择，这种冲突在广告驱动的商业模式中尤为突出。
A useful working premise is that the ceiling on individual engineer output is moving much faster than most companies are organized to exploit. Some of the best operators already describe top engineers seeing order-of-magnitude productivity gains and managing 20 to 30 agents simultaneously.
令人惊讶的是：文章指出顶级工程师可能同时管理20-30个AI代理，实现数量级的生产力提升。这一数字远超传统认知，暗示AI正在重新定义个人生产力的极限。这种能力意味着未来软件公司的组织结构可能需要彻底重构，从大型团队转向小型高效团队。
for - book - Ascent of Humanity - Charles Eisenstein - This book was important in my formative studies on progress traps
“Century of the Typewriter” has illustrations of nearly 200 keyboard latyouts used by Olympia.
https://www.facebook.com/groups/705152958470148/posts/1244830544502384
Hausdorff<br /> by [[Lior Pachter]] in Bits of DNA<br /> accessed on 2026-04-14T12:11:12
Tobacco is one of the most important causes of non-communicable diseases (NCD) and is responsible for premature deaths
Non-communicable Diseases (NCD)
It's written in web assembly; they are on the cutting edge of implementing desktop-style software in the browser. Of course that breaks the HTML-webpage-as-document model.
It doesn't naturally follow that by using WebAssembly, the ordinary WHATWG/W3C hypertext model will be broken.
The fact that these written-in-WebAssembly apps render to canvas is the problem here. If they were spitting out HTML (or the spiritual equivalent of draw calls/system calls that manipulat the document object model), then there would be no problem. Again, canvas is the problem.
Coding is the dominant use case for AI by nearly an order of magnitude.
「比第二名多了将近一个数量级」——这句话说明企业 AI 市场目前几乎等同于「编程 AI 市场」。Support、Search 加在一起，可能也远不及 Coding 一项。这个数据的深远含义是：当前所有关于「AI 正在改变哪些行业」的讨论，其实主要在说软件工程这一个领域。其他行业的「革命」大多还停留在叙事层面，而非收入层面。
The human's job is to curate sources, direct the analysis, ask good questions, and think about what it all means. The LLM's job is everything else.
【启发】这句话是对未来知识工作分工的最清晰定义：人负责「品味、方向、意义」，AI 负责「执行、维护、连接」。这不是「AI 替代人」的叙事，而是「AI 承担所有繁琐工作，人专注于真正重要的判断」。对团队 AI 工具设计的启发：最好的 AI 工具设计应该让人的时间 100% 用在「只有人才能做的事」上——而这个边界，正在随着 AI 能力的提升不断向内收缩。
Learning fields turns S-parameter extrapolation into something closer to an in-distribution task.
极具启发性的观点。传统ML模型在未见过的结构上往往失效，因为从S参数看这是“外推”。但底层电磁场遵循不变的麦克斯韦方程。通过学习场，模型掌握了普适物理规律，从而将看似“外推”的预测转化为基于物理的“内插”，打破了ML只能插值的偏见。
harness combinations doesn't shrink as models improve. Instead, it moves
打破了“模型变强则脚手架消亡”的线性思维。模型能力的提升并非消灭了架构设计的价值，而是将其推向了更高复杂度、更具挑战性的新领域。AI工程师的核心竞争力正是持续探索这种前沿的架构组合。
The trick is to think about the _information_ first and the input method second.
这是一个极具启发性的架构思维。开发者常陷入“怎么让用户输入”的交互细节中，却忽略了核心是“系统需要什么数据”。先定义数据契约，再适配输入方式（交互式、参数、配置文件），能瞬间解耦业务逻辑与交互层，大幅提升工具的可组合性。
We find internal representations of emotion concepts, which encode the broad concept of a particular emotion and generalize across contexts and behaviors it might be linked to.
情绪向量能够跨上下文泛化，这背后有一个深刻的认识论洞见：模型学到的不是「情绪的症状」（某些词语的共现），而是「情绪的本质」（驱动特定行为的抽象力量）。这与柏拉图的「理念论」惊人地相似——模型在所有具体的情绪表达背后，抽象出了情绪的「理念」。可解释性研究正在不经意间触碰古老的哲学问题。
We refer to this phenomenon as the LLM exhibiting functional emotions: patterns of expression and behavior modeled after humans under the influence of an emotion, which are mediated by underlying abstract representations of emotion concepts.
「功能性情绪」这个概念定义极为精准又令人不安：它不是真实的主观体验，却是真实的行为驱动机制。Anthropic 造了一个新词来描述这种现象——模型没有意识，但有「情绪的功能」——这条分界线在哲学上极难站稳，在工程上却至关重要。
Pollination is the biological process by which pollen is transferred from the male parts of a flower to the female parts, enabling fertilization and seed production.
Decision automation means deciding and selecting appropriate actions among alternatives.This type of automation corresponds to the third human information processing state, decision-making, which the machine is either augmenting or replacing altogether.
Analysis automation refers to the automation of information analysis and involves inferentialprocesses. It corresponds to the second human information processing state: perception/workingmemory.
Acquisition automation corresponds to the first human information processing stage, sensoryprocessing, and it is realized by the system sensing and registering input data.
Types of automation: The types of automation can be understood by viewing a human operatoras a simple four-stage model of human information processing:1. Sensory processing2. Perception and working memory3. Decision-making4. Response selection.
The framework uses two sets of evaluation criteria to help designers determine the appropri-ate type and level of automation for each application. The primary evaluation criteria concernthe impact of the chosen types and levels of automation on human performance. The secondaryevaluation criteria include automation reliability and the cost of decisions or outcomes.
For thisreason, designers can benefit from frameworks that support system design that involves automa-tion. We now discuss one such framework: the types and levels of automation framework [639].Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/book/60808 by Helsinki University Library user on 01 December 2025
Cephalosporins or extended-spectrum penicillins are commonly used (eg, cephalexin, 0.5 g orally four times daily for 7–10 days; see Table 35–6). Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (two double-strength tablets orally twice daily for 7–10 days) should be considered when there is concern that the pathogen is MRSA (see Tables 35–5 and 35–6). Vancomycin, 15 mg/kg intravenously every 12 hours, is used for patients with signs of a systemic inflammatory response.
cephalexin, dicloxacillin, penicillin VK, amoxicillin/clavulanate, or clindamycin (for penicillin-allergic patients). [1-2] These beta-lactam antibiotics provide excellent coverage against streptococci and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA
Urgent treatment for neoplasm consists of (1) cautious use of intravenous diuretics and (2) mediastinal irradiation, starting within 24 hours, with a treatment plan designed to give a high daily dose of radiation but a short total course of therapy to rapidly shrink the local tumor. Intensive radiation therapy combined with chemotherapy will palliate the process in up to 90% of patients. In patients with a subacute presentation, radiation therapy alone usually suffices. Chemotherapy is added if lymphoma or small-cell carcinoma is diagnosed
endovascular stenting emerging as first-line therapy for rapid symptom relief, while definitive treatment targets the underlying cause
Treatment of superficial vein reflux (see Varicose Veins, above) has been shown to decrease the recurrence rate of venous ulcers. Where there is substantial obstruction of the femoral or popliteal deep venous system, superficial varicosities supply the venous return and should not be removed.
Failure of venous insufficiency ulcerations to heal is most often due to inconsistent use of first-line treatment methods. Ongoing control of edema is essential to prevent recurrent ulceration; the use of compression stockings following ulcer healing is critical, with recurrence rates 2–20 times higher if compression stockings are not used
The enemy did not move the tree. He only moved the attention.
In the genesis narrative of Kingdom architecture, the Tree of Life represents the unearned, central reality of divine provision and secure identity. The spiritual mechanics of the fall did not involve the removal of this life source, but rather a deliberate cognitive and spiritual redirection towards the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil—a system fundamentally based on transactional evaluation and performance. The architecture of grace remains centrally fixed; it is our focal vector that has been weaponised against us.
“I was so confused. I had no idea what was happening. I’d seen typewriters in movies, but they don’t tell you how a typewriter works,” said Catherine Mong, 19, a freshman in Phelps’ Intro to German class. “I didn’t know there was a whole science to using a typewriter.”
the happy man lives and acts well because eudaimonia is a certain wayof living well ( euzoia tis) and acting well ( euprattein ) in the sense of having suc-cess ( eupraxia ), i.e., realizing the end of the activity in which itconsists.5
purpose
we know how this ends from the movie: don't look up (2021)
Suchtechniques provide different levels of automation.
For example, word predictionusage may not be beneficial if the word suggestions are poorly suited to the individual’s language orif the user can type words faster than the time required to scan and select among word suggestions.
The effect of such automation critically dependson how well its design appreciates the actor’s unique capabilities.
Text entry can also be seen as a task where different subtasks are shared between the human and the computer (Chapter 20).
a statement that describes a type of user task
One example is autocorrect, which automatically corrects typing errors while the user is typing. Another example is the use of word predictions, which allow the user to select a word from a set of word suggestions instead of typing out the word in full.
sentence describing examples of a concept
This con-cept, communication of information, is rooted in information theory (Chapter 17).
Superficial thrombophlebitis may occur spontaneously, often in pregnant or postpartum women or in individuals with varicose veins, or it may be associated with trauma, as with a blow to the leg or following intravenous therapy with irritating solutions. It also may be a manifestation of systemic hypercoagulability from abdominal cancer such as carcinoma of the pancreas
Superficial thrombophlebitis related to a PICC may be associated with occult DVT in about 20% of cases, but occult DVT is much less commonly associated with spontaneous superficial thrombophlebitis of the saphenous vein (about 5% of cases). Pulmonary emboli are exceedingly rare and occur from an associated DVT
Venoactive drugs (diosmin, hesperidin, horse chestnut seed extract) may be considered as adjuncts to compression for symptomatic relief in countries where available
Endovenous ablation is contraindicated or relatively unsuitable when venous anatomy precludes catheter-based treatment, specifically: aneurysmal dilation of the GSV close to the saphenofemoral junction, subcutaneous location of truncal veins above the saphenous fascia and close to the skin, and significant tortuosity of the GSV or SSV. [1] In these scenarios, high ligation and stripping is recommended as the preferred alternative (grade 1 strong recommendation
Endovenous Thermal Ablation (RFA/EVLA)
Relative contraindications include inappropriate vein size, with veins <2 mm and >15 mm representing potential contraindications for RFA specifically. [1] A history of superficial thrombophlebitis resulting in a partially obstructed saphenous vein may preclude thermal ablation. [1] Significant tortuosity of the GSV on duplex examination can make catheter delivery difficult.
'Porgy and Bess' to Screen at Quentin Tarantino's Vista Theatre<br /> by [[Jim Hemphill]] in IndieWire accessed on 2026-03-30T10:47:37
