- Last 7 days
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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it's not generally known that the world wide web was my idea in the 1960s for 25 years I thought I would create worldwide hypertext but then another guy named berners-lee created his own version of worldwide hypertext which left out visible connection that other system caught on the great disappointment of my life what I called hypertext when I published the idea in 1965 was a deeper concept
for - internet - history - Ted Nelson - early pioneer of World Wide Web and hypertext - advocated for visible connections - but failed to materialize
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www.athensvoice.gr www.athensvoice.gr
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και επιτίθενται στους Εβραίους εξοντώντας τον εβραϊκό πληθυσμό της πόλης
Συμφωνα με τη WP δεν τους εξοντωσε.
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στη Γιαθρίμπ, η οποία ήταν Ιουδαϊκή πόλη στα βόρεια της Αραβικής χερσονήσου, ιδρυμένη από Εβραίους που γλίτωσαν τους διωγμούς των Ρωμαίων.
Η Γιαθριμπ, δεν το αναφερει αμεσως, ειναι η Μεντινα. Κατα τη WP, εκει ζουσαν εβραικες φυλες, ομως η πολη ηταν παλιοτερη.
Ισως τελικα η θεωρια που θελει τους εβραιους αραβικο φυλο της Αραβικης χερσονησου να στεκει. Περιμενουμε το DNA.
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- Nov 2024
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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As far as ZK goes, you have an interesting connection your going on. But its like saying apples are like tomatoes. Like, okay they are both red, juicy, and technically fruit. But I would not consider them a substitute for each other. Savory and sweetness and all that. Different uses
reply to u/Hugglebuns at https://old.reddit.com/r/Zettelkasten/comments/1gpx62s/is_a_zettelkasten_a_largely_unknown_form_of/lwtoopw/:
I appreciate that you scratch some of the historical surface, but your apple/tomato analogy is flimsy and the family tree is a lot closer. Too often we're ignoring the history of ars excerpendi, commonplacing, waste books, summas, and early encyclopedias from the broad swath of intellectual history. What we now call a zettelkasten evolved very closely out of all these traditions. It's definitely not something that Luhmann suddenly invented one morning while lounging in the bath.
Stroll back a bit into the history to see what folks like Pliny the Elder, Konrad Gessner, Theodor Zwinger, Laurentius Beyerlink, or even the Brothers Grimm were doing centuries back and you'll realize it's all closer to a wide variety of heirloom apples and a modern Gala or Fuji. They were all broadly using zettelkasten methods in their work. Encyclopedias and dictionaries are more like sons and daughters, or viewed in other ways, maybe even parents to the zettelkasten. Almost everyone using them has different means and methods because their needs and goals are all different.
If you dig a bit you'll find fascinating tidbits like Samuel Hartlib describing early versions of "cut and paste" in 1641: “Zwinger made his excerpta by being using [sic] of old books and tearing whole leaves out of them, otherwise it had beene impossible to have written so much if every thing should have beene written or copied out.” As nice as Obsidian's new Web Clipper is this month, it's just another tool in a long line of tools that all do the same thing for much the same reasons.
Ignoring these contributions and their closeness means that you won't be able to take advantage of the various affordances all these methods presented in your own slip box, whichever form it takes. How will you ever evolve it into the paper machine that students a century hence are copying and mimicking and pontificating about in their version of Reddit? Why couldn't a person's slip box have some flavor of an encyclopedia? Maybe it's closer to Adler's Syntopicon? Maybe something different all together for their particular use?
Try some of the following for more details: <br /> - Blair, Ann M. Too Much to Know: Managing Scholarly Information before the Modern Age. Yale University Press, 2010. https://yalebooks.yale.edu/book/9780300165395/too-much-know.<br /> - Krajewski, Markus. Paper Machines: About Cards & Catalogs, 1548-1929. Translated by Peter Krapp. History and Foundations of Information Science. MIT Press, 2011. https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/paper-machines.<br /> - Wright, Alex. Cataloging the World: Paul Otlet and the Birth of the Information Age. 1st ed. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, 2014.
For deeper dives on methods, try: https://www.zotero.org/groups/4676190/tools_for_thought/tags/note%20taking%20manuals/items/F8WSEABT/item-list
cc: u/JasperMcGee u/dasduvish u/Quack_quack_22
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susaneliamacneal.blogspot.com susaneliamacneal.blogspot.com
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Mr. Churchill's Typewriters by [[Susan Elia Macneal]]
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Υπό την ένοπλη βία των ανδρών της τρομοκρατικής τουρκοκυπριακήςοργάνωσης ΤΜΤ, ηγέτης της οποίας ήταν ο Ραούφ Ντενκτάς, οι Τουρκοκύπριοι κάτοικοι τουνησιού μετακινήθηκαν και συγκεντρώθηκαν σε συγκεκριμένες περιοχές όπου σχηματίσθηκαναμιγείς θύλακες, στους οποίους δεν επιτρεπόταν η είσοδος Ελληνοκυπρίων ούτε και η άσκησηελέγχου από τη νόμιμη κυβέρνηση.
Ειναι αντιστροφη της πραγματικοτητα οι θυλακες να εμφανιζονται "εθελοντικοι"?
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Το Νοέμβριο του 1963 ο Αρχιεπίσκοπος Μακάριος υπέβαλε στον Αντιπρόεδρο Φ. Κουτσιούκέγγραφο προς συζήτηση με το οποίο πρότεινε στην τουρκοκυπριακή κοινότητα την αναθεώρηση13 άρθρων του συντάγματος, ώστε η λειτουργία της νεαρής Δημοκρατίας να καταστεί πλέονεύρυθμη.
Καμια αναφορα στις μονομερεις ενεργειες Μακαριου εναντια στην Τ/Κ κοινοτητα.
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Το Σεπτέμβριο του 1955, μετά από πρόσκληση της Μεγάλης Βρετανίας, η Ελλάδα και η Τουρκίαέλαβαν μέρος σε Τριμερή Διάσκεψη για το Κυπριακό στο Λονδίνο. Ήταν η πρώτη επίσημηεμπλοκή της Τουρκίας στο Κυπριακό μετά τη Συνθήκη της Λωζάνης του 1923.
2η ηττα του Παπαγου στο Κυπριακο.
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Το 1954 με τη σύμφωνη γνώμη και τις πιέσεις του Αρχιεπισκόπου Μακαρίου η ελληνικήκυβέρνηση του Αλέξανδρου Παπάγου κατέθεσε την πρώτη προσφυγή για το Κυπριακό στη ΓενικήΣυνέλευση των ΗΕ. Στο ψήφισμα που είχε εκδοθεί, αν και αναγνωρίζεται το δικαίωμα τηςαυτοδιάθεσης, στην ουσία υιοθετούνται οι θέσεις της Βρετανίας.
Για την αποτυχια του Παπαγου να παει προωρα το Κυπριακο στον ΟΗΕ.
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Πόρισμα για το Φάκελο της Κύπρου
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www.polignosi.com www.polignosi.com
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ο Παπάγος λέγεται ότι είχε εκφράσει κάποιες επιφυλάξεις ως προς την επιλογή Γεωργίου Γρίβα ως στρατιωτικού αρχηγού του κυπριακού αγώνα.
Δεν συμπαθουσε τον Γριβα ο Παπαγος?
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Το Δεκέμβριο του 1954 το Κυπριακό συζητήθηκε στην Πολιτική Επιτροπή, όπου κι ενεκρίθη ένα νεοζηλανδικό ψήφισμα που έλεγε ότι η Γενική Συνέλευση αποφάσιζε... να μη εξετάσει περαιτέρω το θέμα που είχε εγγράψει η Ελλάδα!
1η ηττα Παπαγου στο Κυπριακο το Δεκ του '54.
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writingball.blogspot.com writingball.blogspot.com
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The infamous Apple typewriter memo is 40 years old ... by [[Richard Polt]]
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www.washingtonpost.com www.washingtonpost.com
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cybercultural.com cybercultural.com
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One of the quotes I will use to open the paperback book is this, from Herman Melville's poem 'Clarel': Come, thou who makest such hot haste To forge the future—weigh the past.
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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Class 2, Does Memory Matter? Why Are Universities Studying Slavery and Their Pasts? by David Blight for [[YaleCourses]]
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- David Hume
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- Oct 2024
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Old Typewriters (1950) by [[British Pathé]]
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Marley’s career illustrates the way reggae was repackaged to suit a rock market whose patrons had used marijuana and were curious about the music that sanctified it. Fusion with other genres was an inevitable consequence of the music’s globalization and incorporation into the multinational entertainment industry.
Why was marijuana so popular and mainstream in the past???
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Jamaica's first political parties emerged in the late 1920s, while workers association and trade unions emerged in the 1930s. The development of a new Constitution in 1944, universal male suffrage, and limited self-government eventually led to Jamaican Independence in 1962 with Alexander Bustamante serving as its first prime minister.
Jamaica became independent in 1962
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reply to u/ArousedByApostasy at https://old.reddit.com/r/Zettelkasten/comments/1g8diq4/any_books_about_how_someone_used_zettelkasten_to/
If you're suffering from the delusion (and many do) that Zettelkasten is only about Luhmann and his own writing and 4-5 recent books on the topic, you're only lacking creativity and some research skills. Seemingly Luhmann has lots of good PR, particularly since 2013, but this doesn't mitigate the fact that huge swaths of the late 1800s to the late 1900s are chock-a-block full of books produced by these methods. Loads of examples exist under other names prior to that including florilegia, commonplace books, the card system, card indexes, etc.
Your proximal issue is that the scaffolding used to write all these books is generally invisible because authors rarely, if ever, talk about their methods and as a result, they're hard to "see". This doesn't mean that they don't exist.
I've got a list of about 50+ books about the topic of zettelkasten or incredibly closely related methods dating back to 1548 if you want to peruse some: https://www.zotero.org/groups/4676190/tools_for_thought/collections/V9RPUCXJ/tags/note%20taking%20manuals/items/F8WSEABT/item-list
There are a variety of examples of people's note collections that you can see in various media and compare to their published output. I've collected several dozens of examples, many of which you can find here: https://boffosocko.com/research/zettelkasten-commonplace-books-and-note-taking-collection/
Interesting examples to get you started:
- Vladimir Nabokov's estate published copies of his index cards for the novel The Original of Laura which you can purchase and read in its index card format. You can find a copy of his index card diary as Insomniac Dreams from Princeton University Press: https://press.princeton.edu/books/paperback/9780691196909/insomniac-dreams
- S.D. Goitein - researchers on the Cairo Geniza still use his note collection to produce new scholarship; though he had 1/3 the number of note cards compared to Luhmann, his academic writing output was 3 times larger. If you dig around you can find a .pdf copy of his collection of almost 30,000 notes and compare it to his written work.
- There's a digitized collection of W. Ross Ashby's notes (in notebook and index card format) which you can use to cross reference his written books and articles. https://ashby.info/
- Wittgenstein had a well-known note collection which underpinned his works (as well as posthumous works). See: Wittgenstein, Ludwig. Zettel. Edited by Gertrude Elizabeth Margaret Anscombe and Georg Henrik von Wright. Translated by Gertrude Elizabeth Margaret Anscombe. Second California Paperback Printing. 1967. Reprint, Berkeley and Los Angeles, California: University of California Press, 2007.
- Roland Barthes had a significant collection from which he both taught and wrote; His notes following his mother's death can be read in the book Morning Diary which were published as index card-based notes.
- The Marbach exhibition in 2013 explored six well-known zettelkasten (including Luhmann's): Gfrereis, Heike, and Ellen Strittmatter. Zettelkästen: Maschinen der Phantasie. 1st edition. Marbach am Neckar: Deutsche Schillerges, 2013. https://www.amazon.de/-/en/Heike-Gfrereis/dp/3937384855/.
- Philosopher John Locke wrote a famous treatise on indexing commonplace books which underlay his own commonplacing and writing work: Locke, John, 1632-1704. A New Method of Making Common-Place-Books. 1685. Reprint, London, 1706. https://archive.org/details/gu_newmethodmaki00lock/mode/2up.
- Historian Jacques Barzun, a professor, dean and later provost at Columbia, not only wrote dozens of scholarly books, articles, and essays out of his own note collection, but also wrote a book about some of the process in a book which has over half a dozen editions: Barzun, Jacques, and Henry F. Graff. The Modern Researcher. New York, Harcourt, Brace, 1957. http://archive.org/details/modernreseracher0000unse. In his private life, he also kept a separate shared zettelkasten documenting the detective fiction which he read and was a fan. From this he produced A Catalogue of Crime: Being a Reader's Guide to the Literature of Mystery, Detection, and Related Genres (with Wendell Hertig Taylor). 1971. Revised edition, Harper & Row, 1989: ISBN 0-06-015796-8.
- Erasmus, Agricola, and Melanchthon all wrote treatises which included a variation of the note taking methods which were widely taught in the late 1500s at universities and other schools.
- The Jonathan Edwards Center at Yale has a digitized version of his note collection called the Miscellanies that you can use to cross reference his written works.
- A recent example I've come across but haven't mentioned to others until now is that of Barrett Wendell, a professor at Harvard in the late 1800s, taught composition using a zettelkasten or card system method.
- Director David Lynch used a card index method for writing and directing his movies based on the method taught to him by Frank Daniel, a dean at the American Film Institute.
- Mortimer J. Adler et al. created a massive group zettelkasten of western literature from which they wrote volumes 2 and 3 (aka The Syntopicon) of the Great Books of the Western World. See: https://forum.zettelkasten.de/discussion/2623/mortimer-j-adlers-syntopicon-a-topically-arranged-collaborative-slipbox
- Before he died, historian Victor Margolin made a YouTube video of how he wrote the massive two volume World History of Design which included a zettelkasten workflow: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kxyy0THLfuI
- Martin Luther King, Jr. kept a zettelkasten which is still extant and might allow you to reference his notes to his written words.
- The Brothers Grimm used a zettelkasten method (though theirs was slips nailed to a wall) to create The Deutsches Wörterbuch (The German Dictionary that preceeded the Oxford Dictionary). The DWB was begun in 1838 by Jacob Grimm and Wilhelm Grimm who worked on it through the letter F prior to their deaths. The dictionary project was ended in 1961 after 123 years of work which resulted in 16 volumes. A further 17th source volume was released in 1971.
- Here's an interesting video of Ryan Holliday's method condensed over time: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dU7efgGEOgk
- Because Halloween is around the corner, I'll even give you a published example of death by zettelkasten described by Nobel Prize winner Anatole France in one of his books: https://boffosocko.com/2022/10/24/death-by-zettelkasten/
If you dig in a bit you can find and see the processes of others like Anne Lamott, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Bob Hope, Michael Ende, Twyla Tharp, Kate Grenville, Marcel Mauss, Claude Lévi-Strauss, Phyllis Diller, Carl Linnaeus, Beatrice Webb, Isaac Newton, Harold Innis, Joan Rivers, Umberto Eco, Georg Christoph Lichtenberg, Raymond, Llull, George Carlin, and Eminem who all did variations of this for themselves for a variety of output types.
These barely scratch the surface of even Western intellectual history much less other cultures which have broadly similar methods (including oral cultures). If you do a bit of research into any major intellectual, you're likely to uncover a similar underlying method of work.
While there are some who lionize Luhmann, he didn't invent or even perfect these methods, but is just a drop of water in a vast sea of intellectual history.
And how did I write this short essay response? How do I have all these examples to hand? I had your same question years ago and read and researched my way into an answer. I have both paper and digital zettelkasten from which to query and write. I don't count my individual paper slips of which there are over 15,000 now, but my digital repository is easily over 20,000 (though only 19K+ are public).
I hope you manage to figure out some version of the system for yourself and manage to create something interesting and unique out of it. It's not a fluke and it's not "just a method for writing material about zettelkasten itself".
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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Who were the Physiocrats?
for - definition - physiocrats - Steve Keen - economy - history - economic flow as biomimicry of body's circulation system
definition - physiocrat - During the 18th and 19th century, a group of mostly French "economists" led by Francois Quesnay, physician to the King of France at the time, performed some of the first autopsies of the time. - Autopsies were banned for the longest time for religious reasons - When Quesnay performed autopsies, he discovered networks of tubes in the circulation system and this led him to surmise a network of circulation in another field, economics - Quesnay advised the king, hence the name physiocrat - So modern economics has its roots in biology - it was a case of biomimicry!
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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Her Electromatic typewriter with a Dvorak Simplified Keyboard layout is in the collection of the National Museum of American History.
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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An Orga Privat and its History by [[Will Davis]]
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Connecting Linkbetween twoSentences orParagraphs,
Miles, 1905 uses an arrow symbol with a hash on it to indicate a "connecting link between two Sentences or Paragraphs, etc."
It's certainly an early example of what we would now consider a hyperlink. It actively uses a "pointer" in it's incarnation.
Are there earlier examples of these sorts of idea links in the historical record? Surely there were circles and arrows on a contiguous page, but what about links from one place to separate places (possibly using page numbers?) Indexing methods from 11/12C certainly acted as explicit sorts of pointers.
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And the same will apply to the objection that theSystem is unusual. Seldom have there been any newsuggestions which have not been condemned as ' un-us
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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The Time I Met New York’s Patron Saint of Typewriters by [[Thaisa Frank]] March 12, 2019
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great GeoffreyChaucer; but those of you who know Professor Wade informally, a
Offred's narrative makes connections to Chaucer, the first poet to publish in english. Most connection to the Canterbury tales which talks about pilgrims in a story-telling competition.
So are handmaids on a pilgrimage, and it is a tale and not a biography ?? Is offred a pilgrim looking for her religiousness?
Sexist element in saying she was looking for her lost faith and she was telling a fib, a lie, a myth.
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klik.gr klik.gr
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Ο Mustafa σημειωτέον ότι είναι Άραβας και τα βιβλία του είναι φοβερά διαφωτιστικά της κατάστασης.
O Mustafa Kabha εργαζεται σε Ισραηλινο πανεπιστημιο:
Mustafa Kabha is full Professor in the Department of History, Philosophy and Judaic Studies and the Head of the Middle Eastern studies at the Open University of Israel.
Το μεμαλοποιει, στη λιστα με τις σφαγες στη Wikipedia δεν βρισκω πολλες τετοιες.
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Όλοι αυτοί είχαν ένα σημαντικό αβαντάζ εναντίον των Αράβων
Τη μεγαλυτερη συνυπευθυνοτητα για την κατασταση εχει η ενοχικη σταση των Δυτικων υπερ των Σιωνιστων και ο ρατσισμός τους κατα των "μαυριδερών" αραβων.
Δεν το διαβαζω συχνα αυτο το επιχειρημα σε κειμενα υπερασπισης το Ισραηλ, προτιμουν να μιλανε για την εργατικοτητα των αποικων. Αλλα εδω η λιστα ειναι υπερβολικα τριμαρισμενη. Οι ΗΠΑ δωσαν δισεκατομυρια για τουλαχιστον 50 χρονια: https://www.google.com/search?q=us+aid+to+israel+infographic
Και η βοηθεια συνεχιζει. Για συσχετιση, σημερα μονο η στρατιωτικη βοηθεια των ΗΠΑ στο Ισραηλ (9εκ κατοικοι) ισουται με 2 φορες τον αμυντικο προυπολογισμο του Ιραν (88εκ κατοικοι),
Επιτλεον, η σημαντικοτερη βοηθεια ειναι στον τομεα της προπαγανδα, δες πχ αυτη την ερευνα για την μεροληψια υπερ των Ισραηλινων του BBC.
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αλλά οι Άραβες όχι
Θα επρεπε μηπως το οταν οι Κυπριοι απεριψαν το σχεδιο Αναν του ΟΗΕ, μετα να τους παιρναν τα εδαφη? Γιατι αυτο τους συνεβη μετα.
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η συντριπτική πλειοψηφία των οποίων, προσέξτε, σκοτώθηκαν από άλλους Άραβες! Δεν έχουν σχέση οι Εβραίοι με αυτές τις σφαγές.
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αλλά πρέπει να λάβει κανείς υπόψιν και όλο το κυνήγι των Εβραίων που τους οδήγησε στην προσφυγιά
Δηλαδη να πληρωσουν οι μαυριδεροι για τα εγκληματα των Ναζι WASPs?
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Χισταντρούτ
Η Χισταντρούτ ειναι μια Αριστερη Σιωνιστικη οργανωση πισω απο τα Κιμπουτζ (Εργατικος Σιωνισμος), απο αυτες που ηττηθηκαν απο τον τρομοκρατικο Σιωνισμο των Ιργκουν & Χαγκανα, αυτες που φτιαξαν τον σημερινο Ισραηλινο Στρατο (IDF) που μαζι με τη Μοσσαντ, εγγυουνται το κρατος του Ισραηλ.
Και εγω απορω γιατι αναφερεται ως τρομοκρατικη. Εκτος και αν επιδιωκει την αμαύρωσή της μεσω της διαψευσης(?).
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Αν οι Εβραίοι είχαν φύγει από την Παλαιστίνη από δική τους επιλογή εγκαταλείποντάς την, τότε οι Παλαιστίνιοι Άραβες θα είχαν όλο το δίκιο με το μέρος τους. Αλλά οι Εβραίοι έφυγαν επειδή τους κυνηγούσαν, αναγκάστηκαν να φύγουν.
Αυτο το λενε μονο βαθεια φανατικοι θρησκευομενοι Σιωνιστες.
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ανάμεσα σε Άραβες και Εβραίους.
Ηδη απο το 1929 οι Παλαιστινιοι ξεκινησαν να στοχευουν τους εποικους με την εξεγερση του αλ-Μπουρακ (απο το 3:00).
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το Ισραήλ έσφαζε τους Άραβες που κατοικούσαν στα εδάφη του. Υπήρξαν μεμονωμένες συγκρούσεις αλλά ήταν ακριβώς αυτό, μεμονωμένες.
Ο Ilan Pape απαντα στο ποσο δηθεν "μεμονωμένες" ηταν οι συγκρούσεις.
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Αστέριο Κεχαγιά
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Ήταν επανάσταση των Αράβων στους Βρετανούς αποικιοκράτες.
Οντως ηταν. Μοιαζει ολο αυτο με το πως εσπρωξαν οι Βρετανοι στη διχονοια την Κυπρο το '50.
Αλλα οι "νικητες", με τη γεναιοδωρη βοηθεια της Δυσης, Εβραιοι, αφου εδιωξαν και τους Βρετανους, ειναι προσβλητικο να επικαλουνται το "μπαχαλο" της εποχης, αντι να αναλαμβανουν τις εθνοκαθαρτικες ευθυνες τους.
Μονο που οι Παλαιστινιακη μνημη ειναι απο αιμα καταγεγραμμενη και δεν φρονιμευει με τετοιες δικαιολογιες.
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συγκρούσεις ανάμεσα σε διαφορετικές ομάδες Αράβων
Ακουγεται σα δικαιλογια. Και οι Ελληνες ειχαν 3 εμφυλιους, δικαιωνε αυτο τους Τουρκους? Και οι Τουρκοι δεν ειχαν καν εκδιωξει τους ελληνες απο τις εστιες τους.
Οι φοβερες σφαγες που μνημονευουν οι Παλαιστινιοι δεν εγιναν με βεδουινους, παντως.
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πέταξε έξω τους Παλαιστίνιους με το ζόρι σφάζοντάς τους και ίδρυσε το κράτος του το ’48.
Μεγαλη μπουκια φαε, ...(βλεπε παρακατω).
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Η επιστροφή τους όμως αυτή δεν φαίνεται να έλαβε αρχικά καθόλου υπόψιν της, αυτούς που κατοικούσαν ήδη εκεί και οι οποίοι δεν ρωτήθηκαν. Θα πει κανείς ”όταν σε κυνηγούν και τρέχεις να σωθείς, δεν προλαβαίνεις να ρωτήσεις” αλλά θα μπορούσε ωστόσο να αποφευχθεί αρκετή βία.
Παραπανω δεν ελεγε πως ηταν ολα ροδινα?
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Έπρεπε έπειτα από αιώνες περιπλάνησης και διασποράς να βρουν το δικό τους μέρος και όχι απλώς να είναι διάσπαρτοι σε διαφορετικές χώρες.
Δεκτο. Αλλα γιατι να την πληρωσουν πληθυσμοι που δεν ειχαν σχεση με τους διωγμους των εβραιων? Και γιατι να φερθουν ως αποικειοκρατες κατακτητες, και οχι ως ικετες και προσφυγες?
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όχι μόνο είχαν παρελθόν
Ειπαμε, η σχεση των Ασκεναζι με το Λεβαντε ειναι συγκεχυμενη:
The origins of early AJ, as well as the history of admixture events that have shaped their gene pool, are subject to debate (Data S1, section 1). Genetic evidence supports a mixed Middle Eastern (ME) and European (EU) ancestry in AJ. This is based on uniparental markers with origins in either region (Behar et al., 2006, 2017; Costa et al., 2013; Hammer et al., 2000, 2009; Nebel et al., 2001)
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των περιπλανώμενων Εβραίων
Αναφερεται στο Pale of Settlement? Και στους "τυχερους" που ξεφευγαν απο αυτο??
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ας τον μεταφράσουμε ως εποικισμό
Οι Σιωνιστες το μεταφραζουν ως "επιστροφη", να μην εχει και αρνητικης προεκτασεις.
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αποφύγουν τους διάφορους διωγμούς
Σε τι διωγμους ανασερεται ο επιστημονας εδω? Ποιοι τους εδιωχναν? Γιατη δεν εδιωχναν τους αλλους γηγενεις πληθυσμους??
Ετσι απροσδιοριστα εντασσεται στη hasbara θυματοποισης τους εβραικου λαου απο την προιστορια.
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πριν φύγουν οι Εβραίοι από εκεί
Παλι θεωρειται δεδομενο κατι που εκκρεμμει να αποδειχτει.
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οι Εβραίοι είχαν από καιρό διαφύγει στην Ευρώπη
Ωπα!!<br /> Που ειναι τα ιστορικα τεκμηρια για τετοια μεγαλη μετακινηση?? Ποτε ακριβως εγινε αυτο? Υποτιθεται ξεκινησε με την καταστροφη του Ναου τους απο τους Ρωμαιους το ~90μχ αλλα δεν σημειωνεται κατι στο DNA ή σε ιστορικα ντοκουμεντα. Ειναι θρησκευτικη η θεωρια αυτη.
Γενετικα οι Ασκεναζι, οι εβραικοι πληθυσμοι της βορειοανατολοκης Ευρωπης εχουν μικρη μονο γενετικη συνδεση με το λεβαντε: ελαχιστη με τους κανααναΐτες, λιγο μεγαλυτερη με τους εβραικους πληθυσμους του.
Αυτο ειναι μεγαλο ζητημα, και ακομη και να ισχυε στο 100%, δεν μπορει να διεκδικουν τη γη μετα απο 3000 χρονια, σωστα?
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Άραβες και Εβραίοι
Παλι αυτη η αναχρονιστικη αντιστιξη.
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Ο Τσέρτσιλ μόλις το 1921/1922 χώρισε την προηγουμένως ενιαία περιοχή στα δύο με το δεξί μέρος να αποτελεί την Ιορδανία και το αριστερό να ονομάζεται Παλαιστίνη.
Βασικη δικαιολογια του Ισραηλ απο τον επεκτατικ'ο του πολεμο των 6 ημερων το '67 ειναι πως υπαρχει ηδη Παλαιστινιακο κρατος, η Ιορδανια.
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όταν ιδρύθηκε το Κράτος του Ισραήλ το 1948 δεν κατέλυσε κανένα παλαιστινιακό Κράτος
Strawman's argument. Κανεις Παλαιστινιος δεν ειπε πως η Nakba κατεστρεψε το κρατος τους. Απο τη γη τους τους εδιωξε και τους παπουδες τους εκτελεσαν.
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έδιωξαν πρώτα τους προηγούμενους κατοίκους.
Τους εδιωξαν ολους?! Η προσφατη γενιτικη ερευνα δειχνει το αντιθετο.
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Οι Αιγύπτιοι τους ονόμαζαν Πελεσέτ και τους συμπεριλάμβαναν στους λαούς της θάλασσας
Μαλλον ειναι ξεπερασμενη η θεωρια, βλ. WP.
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όχι ΔΕΝ ήταν Έλληνες οι Πελασγοί
Ξεπερασμενη θεωρια:
the Greek etymology of Pelasgian terms mentioned in Herodotus such as θεοί (derived from θέντες) indicates that the "Pelasgians spoke a language at least 'akin to' Greek".
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και οι δύο λαοί, Εβραίοι και Άραβες
Tο οτι απο νωρις το κειμενο τοποθετει τους Εβραιους ανταγωνιστικα απεναντι στους Αραβες απο την εποχη του Χαλκου (3300π.χ. - 1200πχ), ξεχωριζοντας και τους δύο απο τους Χαναανιτες, ειναι η Ιουδαικη εξιστορηση. Η σημασια της ειναι να μεινουν οι Εβραιοι σαν το μοναδικο αρχαιο φυλο της περιοχης.
Βλεπεις, ο προπατορας των Αραβων ο Μωαμεθ εμφανιιστηκε ~1600 χρονια αργοτερα, το 600μχ, και εξισλαμισε αρκετα απο τα σημιτικα φυλα αυτης της περιοχης του Λεβάντε, εβραιους συμπεριλαμβανομενους, κατα τη WikiPedia (WP):
The Muslim conquest of the Levant in the 7th century initiated a process of Arabization and Islamization through the conversion and acculturation of locals, accompanied by Arab settlement.
Επιτλεον, οι συγχρονοι παλαιστινιοι (και οι γηγενεις εβραιοι) εχουν γενετικη συνεχεια με τους πληθυσμους της περιοχης στην Εποχη του Χαλκου (WP):
Historical records and later genetic studies indicate that the Palestinian people descend mostly from from Ancient Levantines extending back to Bronze Age inhabitants of Levant.
Αυτη η θεση αντηχει μεσα στο κειμενο, "ειστε Αραβες, ξενομπατηδες απο τη Σ.Αραβια", ενω η WP σωστα γραφει:
[...] the Arab identity of Palestinians is largely based on linguistic and cultural affiliation and is not necessarily associated with the existence of any Arabian origins.
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www.aljazeera.com www.aljazeera.com
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First, it worked in the interest of those in Britian wishing to dismantle the Ottoman Empire and incorporate parts of it into the British Empire. Second, it resonated with those within the British aristocracy, both Jews and Christians, who became enchanted with the idea of Zionism as a panacea for the problem of anti-Semitism in Central and Eastern Europe, which had produced an unwelcome wave of Jewish immigration to Britain.
Ilan Pape on why [[Balfour Declaration]] was welcomed in the Britain.
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The wider historical context goes back to the mid-19th century, when evangelical Christianity in the West turned the idea of the “return of the Jews” into a religious millennial imperative and advocated the establishment of a Jewish state in Palestine as part of the steps that would lead to the resurrection of the dead, the return of the Messiah, and the end of time.
Ilan Pape on the connectio of evangelical Christians with the Zionists, to speed up Jesus's resurrection.
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www.amazon.com www.amazon.com
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Sublette, Ned, and Constance Sublette. The American Slave Coast: A History of the Slave-Breeding Industry. Lawrence Hill Books, 2015. https://www.amazon.com/American-Slave-Coast-Slave-Breeding-Industry/dp/1613748205/.
Recommended by Jerry Michalski
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www.amazon.com www.amazon.com
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Snyder, Timothy. On Tyranny: Twenty Lessons from the Twentieth Century. Crown, 2017. https://www.amazon.com/Tyranny-Twenty-Lessons-Twentieth-Century/dp/0804190119.
Flancian mentioned reading
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- Sep 2024
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4thgenerationcivilization.substack.com 4thgenerationcivilization.substack.com
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it is through the ascetic formations of monasticism that an opening was made for reevaluating labor positively rather than negatively
for - false dichotomy - throughout history - clerics and warriors - excluded majority of the working class - inclusive third way - reviving works as spiritual activity - Benjamin Suriano
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Society was thus ruled largely through a bipartite structure of oratores and bellatores, clerics and warriors, with little place for the lot of ordinary workers.
for - false dichotomy - common throughout history - clerics and warriors - alienated masses of the ordinary workers - Benjamin Suriano
Tags
- false dichotomy - throughout history - clerics and warriors - excluded majority of the working class - inclusive third way - reviving works as spiritual activity - Benjamin Suriano
- false dichotomy - common throughout history - clerics and warriors - alienated masses of the ordinary workers - Benjamin Suriano
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www.researchgate.net www.researchgate.net
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for - Indyweb dev - history - Gyuri and Christopher 2019 paper
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www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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Our patient
Patient phenotypes listed: mild bleeding history normal platelet number increased mean platelet volume increased RIPA (les than typical PT-VWD) enhanced binding of VWF to platelets (assessed by flow cytometry)
Has functional and HXMS data to support classification to pathogenic
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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1984–1992: Les Lieux de mémoire (Gallimard), abridged translation, Realms of Memory, Columbia University Press, 1996–1998
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everything.curl.dev everything.curl.dev
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We consider March 20 1998 to be curl's birthday.
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davistypewriters.blogspot.com davistypewriters.blogspot.com
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www.furniturecityhistory.org www.furniturecityhistory.org
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http://www.furniturecityhistory.org/company/3841/steelcase-inc
History of Steelcase furniture company
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michmemories.org michmemories.org
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www.furniturecityhistory.org www.furniturecityhistory.orgHome1
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http://www.furniturecityhistory.org/ Furniture City History Grand Rapids, MI
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Annotators
URL
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- Aug 2024
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCScn9kxUjOfDNJk3Z-1NWKA Old Typerwriters and Calculators
The YouTube Channel of fausto tomesani https://typewriterdatabase.com/typewriters.php?hunter_search=7180
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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Their success from a technical aspect was based in part on separating the camera from the sound recording device (David used a Nagra) by accurately controlling the speed of the camera and the tape recorder, allowing the two devices to be moved independently with respect to each other, an impossibility in commercially available equipment at the time. Long takes with ordinary equipment of the era would invariably lose synchronization.
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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Needs better sourcing, but
Henry Dreyfuss added crinkle paint to his Royal Quiet De Luxe typewriter design to diffuse reflected light so that typists who worked at their machines all day wouldn't have headaches from the glare reflecting off the fronts of their machines.
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https://workpad.co.uk/properties/45-bedford-row/
45 Bedford Row was the address for the Durable Supply Company which distributed Orga typewriters in Britain in the 1930s.
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typewriterdatabase.com typewriterdatabase.com
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https://typewriterdatabase.com/1924-orga-privat-2.11451.typewriter
Some scant history of Orga typewriters without sourcing.
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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Interesting perspective as interpretation where Jack says at the moment the song says "Who made up words, who made up numbers? Who wrote the Bible, who wrote the Q'uran" it might not even be a call to reflect and think for yourself (although this is absolutely a recurring theme in the song) but maybe they are implying all the science traces back not to the West (Europe) but to the East (Egypt, Africa). This interpretation aligns with the album this song was produced in, which is about Africa.
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One large study by Ben D. Woodand Frank N. Freeman in 1932 paved theway for acceptance in elementary schools.The study included 14,947 children ofelementary-school age in an experimenton the effect of the typewriter on class-room performance (3). The children whohad typing instruction actually spent onlyan hour or two a week at the typewriter,yet at the end of the first year they out-performed the nontyping pupils in read-ing.
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In articles published in theearly 1890's William A. Mowry and FrankPalmer both advocated the use of typing inthe secondary-school curriculum
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freedomhouse.org freedomhouse.org
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nostalgia and history are not interchangeable.
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(~2:10)
Fascinating. Rob Pierri mentions that there had been a shift in education from the development of the soul to the development of monetizable skills... Keep society manageable.
The question that remains for me is, what will ultimately leave society better and advance it? In the end, what matters more, the material or the immaterial? Why?
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- Jul 2024
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reallifemag.com reallifemag.com
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In 1996, technology historian Jennifer S. Light compared the talk of “cyberoptimists” about virtual communities to city planners’ earlier optimistic predictions about shopping malls. As the automobile colonized U.S. cities in the 1950s, planners promised that malls would be enclosed public spaces to replace Main Streets. But as Light pointed out, the transition to suburban malls brought new inequities of access and limited the space’s functions to those that served commercial interests.
A comparison of urban development privatisation and internet development corporatisation
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Johns, Adrian. The Science of Reading: Information, Media, and Mind in Modern America. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2023. https://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/S/bo183629196.html
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xanadu.com xanadu.com
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It is now possible (but not easy) for anyone who is determined enough to create a xanadoc, and send it to others, who may open and use it. (Note that the World Wide Web was available for several years before the Mosaic editor made it easy for the public.)
fair enough...
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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( ~ 9:36)
Luhmann got his doctoral and habilitation thesis in one year, in 1966; but the books he used for this had been written in 1964, according to Dr. Schmidt.
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www.newyorker.com www.newyorker.com
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Schiff, Stacy. “Véra Nabokov Was the First and Greatest Champion of ‘Lolita.’” The New Yorker, March 5, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210729035701/https://www.newyorker.com/books/page-turner/vera-nabokov-was-the-first-and-greatest-champion-of-lolita.
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There is for himno royal road to order. Knowledge andright will a r e indispensable. This doesnot mean that the world will heed, andeducate its feelings and thoughts forthe sake of self-preservation. But quiteproperly, Mr. Wells should not care.He has diagnosed the ailment and pre-scribed the sensible dose. The patientis always a t liberty to pass out in self-conceit or with the aid of quacks.PRODUCED 2005 BY UNZ.ORGELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED
relationship to Eric Hoffer's The True Believer and modern politics?
relationship to the Great Books idea in 1942-1952 and beyond?
repeating history...
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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History is the story of God... It serves as a narrative to describe what God has done.
Inferring based on the creation is secondary circumstantial evidence, the eyewitness account is that of God himself.
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I sort of take the easy way out and say well I know Earth history so maybe I'm 00:32:53 helping people by uh understanding the science of this stuff
for - educator - polycrisis - individual action - levers - climate and earth history specialists help with education
educator - earth climate history specialist can help with education about the past to help understand what we face in the present
climate education - low impact due to - ignoring perspectival knowing - and salience landscapes - It may help to look at the problem of education through the lens of Michael Levin's multi-scale competency architecture - https://hyp.is/FFxzRL2nEe6ghzeLcJGM7A/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10167196/ - Applied to cognitive and cultural evolution within the lifetime of a single individual (human) - The salience landscape of an individual can vary depending on their educational and cultural background - There are multiple categories of concepts, each with their own degree of salience: - immediate phenomenological experience - high salience - second hand, linguistically communicated experience - moderate and dependent on source - scientific reported phenomena - moderate, high or low, dependent on source and cultural / educational background - second hand, linguistically communicated experience - low, moderate or high, dependent on source and cultural / educational background - A key observation is that humans are evolved to detect specific environmental cue but miss many others - The rate of cultural evolution is so rapid that our biologically adapted processes cannot adapt quickly enough to the rapid cultural changes, resulting in the experience of "hyperobjects" - https://jonudell.info/h/facet/?max=100&expanded=true&user=stopresetgo&exactTagSearch=true&any=+hyperobject - education that is done haphazardly and in an adhoc manner will fail to discriminate between this large variety of salience landscape, with the overall impact of low educational impact
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there was a paper that came out a few years ago showing that five degrees at the pace we're doing would be 00:40:13 is like easily sufficient to reproduce some of these catastrophes in Earth history
for - climate crisis - 5 deg C could reproduce similar levels of catastrophes as those in early earth history
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- climate education - failure to consider salience landscapes across diverse perspectival knowing
- climate crisis - 5 deg C could reproduce similar levels of catastrophes as those in early earth history
- educator - polycrisis - individual action - levers - climate and earth history specialists help with education
- climate education - low impact due to - ignoring perspectival knowing - and salience landscapes
Annotators
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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one of the things i suggested in a short history of progress is that 00:30:18 one of our problems even though we're very clever as a species we're not wise
for - key insight - progress trap - A Short History of Progress - we are clever but NOT wise!
key insight - progress trap - A Short History of Progress - we are clever but NOT wise! - In other words - Intelligence is FAR DIFFERENT than wisdom
new memes - We have an abundance of intelligence and a dearth of wisdom - A little knowledge is dangerous, a lot of knowledge is even more dangerous
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written history you can only get in literate societies and and the invention of writing is quite recent and in and in some areas the world extremely recent 00:23:25 so you you just don't have a great big depth of history but archaeology goes back tens hundreds and thousands of years and even millions of years especially when you're talking 00:23:37 about the evolution of our species
for - comparison - history vs archeology - Ronald Wright
comparison - history vs archeology - Ronald Wright - Written history is very recent but archeology can go back hundreds of millions of years
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we have had a completely stable climate for more than 10 000 years in which to develop agriculture and probably 00:16:12 you can't develop agriculture if you're experiencing a great deal of climate fluctuation because your experiment will fail at some point due to frost or drought
for - history - agriculture - Holocene required
history - agriculture - Holocene required - Ronald Wright makes a good point, without a long stable climate period such as the Holocene, agricultural experimentation would not have succeeded
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the really big progress traps uh come with with the invention of 00:07:20 agriculture and i i mentioned the first full-blown civilization in the old world the sumerians who perfected the art of irrigation 00:07:33 in what is now southern iraq
for - progress trap - example - from history - Sumerian civilization
progress trap - example - from history - Sumerian civilization - the really big progress traps uh come with with the invention of agriculture and - i mentioned the first full-blown civilization in the old world the sumerians who perfected the art of irrigation in what is now southern iraq and - for for several centuries everything went really well - They had built canals and ran the water onto the desert and were able to - raise more and more crops and - expand their farmland and - expand their population and - their cities got bigger - their numbers got greater but - what they didn't know is that the kind of irrigation they were practicing - was causing the land to get saltier and saltier - and after a number of centuries they suddenly saw their farm meals declining because of salinity - and they had to switch to crops that could tolerate more salt - and then eventually they ended up producing only about one quarter of the food that they'd been able to produce when they started -and the civilization collapsed - So they had walked into what i call in my book a progress trap - and this is where the myth of progress is so seductive - You do something that in the short run produces obvious benefits so you're getting this positive feedback from some new invention, whether it's - a new way to drive mammoth over a cliff or - it's a new way to expand your farm base through irrigation - but there's a hidden cost down the road which is often hard to foresee
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the idea that this can go on forever is where the myth of progress gets 00:04:00 dangerous because
for - quote - myth of progress - Ronald Wright
quote - myth of progress - Ronald Wright - (see below) - although the idea that this can go on forever is where the myth of progress gets dangerous - because there have been many times and places in the human past, - not even necessarily in our own cultural tradition - among other civilizations where there have been great periods of - expansion and - prosperity - and everybody started to get the idea that life was getting better and better - but usually those those periods of rapid expansion are done and nature pays the bills for that
Comment - history repeats when we forget the lessons of that part. - Historians are so important right now to remind us of past lessons
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- history - agriculture - Holocene required - Ronald Wright
- history repeats - when we forget her past lessons
- quote - myth of progress - Ronald Wright
- progress trap - example - from history - Sumerian civilization
- new meme - we have an abundance of intelligence and a dearth of wisdom
- key insight - progress trap - A Short History of Progress - we are clever but NOT wise!
- new meme - a little knowledge is dangerous but a lot of knowledge is even more dangerous
- comparison - history vs archeology - Ronald Wright
Annotators
URL
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Local file Local file
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Weller, Charles Edward. The Early History of the Typewriter. Chase & Shepard, printers, 1918. http://archive.org/details/earlyhistorytyp00wellgoog.
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- Jun 2024
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www.lrb.co.uk www.lrb.co.uk
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Samuel joined the party as soon as he was old enough, but left as part of the mass exodus prompted by Khrushchev’s secret speech and the Soviet crushing of the Hungarian uprising in 1956.
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Despite – or perhaps because of – all this activity, Samuel only published one sole-authored book in his lifetime, Theatres of Memory (1994), an account of the popular historical imagination in late 20th-century Britain told via case studies, from Laura Ashley fabrics to the touristification of Ironbridge. Since his death from cancer in 1996, however, Samuel has been prolific. A second volume of Theatres of Memory, titled Island Stories: Unravelling Britain, came out in 1998, followed in 2006 by The Lost World of British Communism, a volume of essays combining research and recollections.
Theatres of Memory (1994) sounds like it's taking lots of examples from a zettelkasten and tying them together.
It's also interesting to note that he published several books posthumously. Was this accomplished in part due to his zettelkasten notes the way others like Ludwig Wittgenstein?
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In 1967, Samuel founded the History Workshop movement to democratise ‘the act of historical production, enlarging the constituency of historical writers, and bringing the experience of the present to bear upon the interpretation of the past’; it held huge, radical and ecumenical events, published pamphlets and books, and in 1976 founded its own journal, still running today.
Tags
- posthumous note use
- want to read
- Ludwig Wittgenstein's zettelkasten
- Raphael Samuel's zettelkasten
- Raphael Samuel
- zettelkasten and memory
- Theatres of Memory
- open questions
- Hungarian uprising (1956)
- historical method
- History Workshop movement
- Nikita Khrushchev's secret speech
- Communism history
- posthumous publication
- memory and history
- Nikita Khrushchev
- 1967
Annotators
URL
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history of impact measurement
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lukesmith.xyz lukesmith.xyz
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More than 95% of people could be using a computer from 2008 or before without any problems. Needing a recent machine is limited to people who: Do extreme, professional, processor-intensive video-rendering. Compile massive programs and operating systems with severe time constraints. Play recent triple AAA video-games on high settings. Use many massive Electron apps and other inexcusably bad software written by soydevs and other people who shouldn't be writing software.
Next, I need to find out how to fit this sentiment on a bumper sticker.
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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"Reply all" redirects here. For the podcast, see Reply All (podcast).
lol
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Annotators
URL
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sakai.duke.edu sakai.duke.edu
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Time, Work-Discipline, and Industrial Capitalism - Author(s): E. P. Thompson - Source: Past & Present, No. 38 (Dec., 1967), pp. 56-97 - Published by: Oxford University Press on behalf of The Past and Present Society - Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/649749
<small><cite class='h-cite via'>ᔥ <span class='p-author h-card'>Dan Allosso (@danallosso)</span> in Howard Zinn's A People's History, Part 1 (YouTube) (<time class='dt-published'>09/16/2021 09:28:56</time>)</cite></small>
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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David Hollinger’s notion of“communities of discourse.” First forwarded at the 1977 WingspreadConference, he emphasized this mechanism as a way to wrest thefocus from singular individuals (great men) identified as intellectu-als and situate them among specific social and cultural contexts
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- May 2024
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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Lacy, Tim. The Dream of a Democratic Culture: Mortimer J. Adler and the Great Books Idea. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013. https://amzn.to/3R2rCox.
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theconversation.com theconversation.com
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for - synthetic opiod - nitazene - history
from - youtube - VICE - The new fentanyl killing drug users in Europe - https://hyp.is/IVWJThYeEe-Szku3PU8_8g/docdrop.org/video/JqqfI-bIvnI/
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The earliest known version of Sternberger’s creation of the cheeseburger was recently discovered by food historian Andrew Smith, author of Hamburger: A Global History. It is in an article in The Pasadena Post, a now defunct newspaper. Published July 23, 1931, it sheds light on Sternberger’s early life and innovative ideas.
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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You can cross check the data in the typewriter database for most of the big US and European brands to see the slow merging and dying out of the typewriter through the late 60s and early 70s onward. See, for example, Royal: https://typewriterdatabase.com/royal.72.typewriter-serial-number-database which has buyouts and mergers listed at the top. The database also has a huge volume of references for how it was compiled which will give you additional history.
The early 70s saw a lot of plastic entering the space where more durable steel used to be. Most major US firms were shifting to electric after IBM in roughly 1961. Post war manufacture of machines picked up significantly in Italy, Spain, Holland, and even Wales which displaced some of the manufacturing in the US, where solid machines of the prior generation still worked and only needed servicing rather than outright replacement. (Planned obsolescence wasn't as much of a thing during the 30s and 40s, and in fact, [maintenance was heavily highlighted during the war](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ocdxgkxKAKo) when most US manufacturers ceased production of most models.) Eventually Japan displaced the business followed by India (which ceased in 2009) and China. Wrexham, Wales ceased manufacture of electronic Brother typewriters in 2012.
Ever decreasing costs of materials and manufacturing, improved manufacturing technology, increased competition in the space, combined with containerized shipping, competition from computers, etc. all contributed to the cheapening of the typewriter and hastened the death of manufacturing (though not the use) of manual typewriters.
Richard Polt's The Typewriter Revolution (2015) has a "microhistory" of typewriters in chapter 2 with references to some addition histories if you're interested.
Your question about Olympia manufacture dates (and more) can be found via: https://typewriterdatabase.com/olympia.61.typewriter-serial-number-database
x over it has a good two part series about the evolution of Olympias at:
https://xoverit.blogspot.com/2015/02/olympia-sm-series-part-1-1948-1964.html
https://xoverit.blogspot.com/2015/04/olympia-sm-series-part-2-1964-1980s.html
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www.linkedin.com www.linkedin.com
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it's the most appropriate and necessary story of Mother's Day
for - history - Mother's Day - idea - campaign - Mother's Day 2025
to - history of Mother's Day - https://hyp.is/NTOVfBFgEe-C-J_9uUgLsg/www.plough.com/en/topics/culture/holidays/mothers-day/the-original-mother-s-day-proclamation
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www.plough.com www.plough.com
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for - history - mother's day - Julia Ward Howe - conflict resolution - idea - event - Mother's Day 2025 - original spirit
idea - Mother's Day 2025 - What about bringing back the original spirit of Mother's Day to Mother's Day 2025?
from - Post - Linked In - Julia Tew -https://www.linkedin.com/feed/update/urn:li:activity:7195408981052289025?utm_source=share&utm_medium=member_desktop
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- Apr 2024
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for - progress trap - Prometheus complex - Dan Carlin - Gaston Bachelard - philosopher
summary - This short article brings up an interesting connection between - the Prometheus complex, - a term coined by the French philosopher Gaston Bachelard and - progress traps, - the unintended consequences of progress - The key insight is that human beings may have an Achilles Heel - the desire to know, even at the cost of harm - could be such a powerful impulsive urge - that we throw caution to the wind and - Icarus mythology may be a self-fulfilling prophecy - This also echos the views of my colleague Gyuri Lajos, - that invention for invention sake possesses this very dark side. - This is an important adjacency - as it questions the ethics of knowledge for knowledge sake - As we know from - the history of - progress and its shadowy counterpart, - the progress trap - our impulsive urge to invent has harmful impacts on everyone, - and these continually compound with time
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www.nybooks.com www.nybooks.com
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Left Behind by [[Nancy Isenberg]]
This is of interest because Isenberg's White Trash came out in January 2016 just a five months before Vance's Hillbilly Elegy was released. As a result she didn't get to reference it in her book.
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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Dynastic cycle (traditional Chinese: 朝代循環; simplified Chinese: 朝代循环; pinyin: Cháodài Xúnhuán) is an important political theory in Chinese history. According to this theory, each dynasty of China rises to a political, cultural, and economic peak and then, because of moral corruption, declines, loses the Mandate of Heaven, and falls, only to be replaced by a new dynasty. The cycle then repeats under a surface pattern of repetitive motifs.[1]
Dynasties rising to a peak, then, corrupting, losing Mandate of Heaven, which another dynasty gains.
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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1:09 He puts the question forward: "why is the material on zettelkasten so divergent?" Well, it has been, historically speaking. There is no one way to keep a zettelkasten. What the person is pointing at, I think, is why are practices so divergent from Niklas Luhmann?
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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for: Michel Bilbot, transcendental, transcendental - Kant, awakening, non-dual, nondual, nonduality, non-duality, emptiness, epoche, Maurice Merle-Ponty, perspective shift, perspective shift - transcendental
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summary
- Michel Bilbot gives an extremely important talk on two related themes
- Kant's concept of the idea of transcendental
- Husserl's concept of epoche / phenomenological reduction
- definition here:
- comparison of two perspectives of science as
- panpsychism where atomic theories of materialism are held to be theories of everything
- Husserl's phenomenology of human experience
- Bilbot points out the situatedness each individual is born into life with. Even acts such as visually seeing reveal our situatedness as a seer with clues such as perspective that reveals structures of the seer such as vanishing point.
- Michel Bilbot gives an extremely important talk on two related themes
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adjacency
- between
- Kant's transcendental
- Husserl / Maurice Merle-Ponty / Heidegger's phenomenology and epoche / phenomenological reduction methodology
- eastern mysticism and philosophical ideas:
- nonduality - dissolution of the self / other dualism
- awakening
- enlightenment
- emptiness
- adjacency statement
- Michel Bilbot establishes the important foundation of one of Kant's major life works on the transcendental, and how Husserl's phenomenology and related process of the phenomenological reduction (epoche) is critical to understanding Husserl and Kant.
- He then applies it to an analysis and comparison of science seen from two contrasting perspectives, atomic theories of panpsychism vs phenomenology.
- Bilbot reveals that Husserl was deeply influenced by Buddhist thought
- between
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theopolisinstitute.com theopolisinstitute.com
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Many have summarized the intellectual history of Greece as an evolution from the mythos to logos.
Intellectual history of Greece as an evolution from mythos to logos
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movie.douban.com movie.douban.com
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刚看了电影,我对它的理解和博主大致相同:这是宫崎骏作为战后一代人对日本人这一身份的历史性反思。我想补充几点博主没提到的,还有我几点我不太认同博主的分析的。 首先,全片的故事的时间上的起点是作为塔的根基的黑色巨石在明治维新前几十年从天而降,把原地的池塘完全摧毁。联系到这个巨石最终赋予了建于其上的塔「连通世界」的能力,我们不难推论出巨石所代表的,就是黑船来航以及随之而来,西方意识形态和经济制度在日本的入侵。 巨石降落之后,下一个重要的时间节点是真人的叔公(舅爷?)在二三十年之后在巨石周边建立了这座塔。叔公一直都对这座塔分外着迷,而他在修建这座塔的时候也付出了许多生命的代价。如果我们认为这座巨石所代表的是日本国内的西方影响,那么如博主所说,叔公这个人明显就象征着诸如福泽谕吉,西乡隆盛,伊藤博文等明治维新的志士。他们拥抱了西方代表的近代化,以血与火的代价建立了一个幕府之后的新日本,一个在他们眼中充满希望的,可以与西方国家所比肩的华丽高塔:日本帝国。 在这个基础之上,叔公的下一代,也就是真人的两个母亲,也自然应该被理解为叔公的下一代日本人,也就是主导了日本军国主义化最终引向战争的大正一代人。这里我与博主的理解有所不同:火美和夏子都应该被理解为大正一代的日本人。她们的不同点在于火美所代表的是积极西化的所谓「进步」的大正日本城市精英阶层,而夏子所代表的是更加拥护日本传统文化的保守主义的大正日本农村阶层。这一点可以从她们二人的生活方式的不同中看出:现实世界中,火美(真人的妈妈)住在大城市东京,而夏子住在农村;塔中世界的火美穿着西式连衣裙(我不觉得这是魔女服,就是连衣裙而已),而夏子除了最后一幕之外一直都是穿着和服(最后一幕这个例外很重要,一会儿再说);火美给真人的食物是吐司,而夏子一开始给真人端来的是更为传统的茶。 这种分析对理解真人的两个母亲的行为,境遇,以及他与他两个母亲的关系,是非常重要的。首先,火美为什么能够掌控火焰,而又为什么最终命丧火海?正如博主所说,火焰,代表着现代战争的暴力;它是从枪口,炮口,还有炸弹的弹壳中喷涌的毁灭性力量。火美作为西化派的大正一代人掌握了这种力量,并用这种力量保护着下一代的日本(warawara)不受西方列强(鹈鹕)的吞食。然而战争永远都会有牺牲;战争的火焰平等地消灭着每一个人,然而作为日本的守护者的大正精英阶层的火美,却只将被烧焦的 warawara 看作保卫国家的必要的牺牲,而对真人的呐喊无动于衷。(无责任推测:我感觉火美大战鹈鹕的那一段就是在隐喻日俄战争)掌握暴力,愿意运用暴力的大正精英阶层是日本战争罪行的直接责任者;他们也是受到战争冲击最大的人。于是,在现实世界中,真人的母亲,以及她所代表的旧日本精英及其意识形态,最终也在比自己更强大的火焰中毁灭。 影片中夏子有着一个典型的居家大和抚子形象,并且在登场时怀有身孕。夏子的性格是她作为保守日本人代表的理所当然的结果。她的肚子里孕育着的是在战后的保守主义农村阶层的后代。保守派的大正日本人从意识形态上不支持战争;他们更倾向于把自己看作是日本战争罪行的受牵连一方甚至是受害者。因此,夏子在对真人悉心照顾和关心之余,也有着对他作为战争直接责任人的后代的厌恶和排斥。相对的,真人作为从小穿西式服装,吃果酱面包长大的日本城市精英的下一代,他在故事一开始所怀念的也是自己的生母,而把夏子只当成是「父亲喜欢的人」。宫崎骏让他们在故事中从互相排斥到相互认可和相互扶持,所代表的正是老爷子对于日本社会各方互相理解,正视共同的历史,共同创造一个新日本的美好期待。 说完了真人的两个母亲,我们再回到叔公。他在真子走入塔中时已经垂垂老矣,而他所创造的塔中世界也已经被鹦鹉墨索里尼和他的法西斯党人占据,并且随时都有结构性倒塌的危机。然而,塔中世界毕竟是叔公所创造出来的;塔中世界的所有东西,包括鹈鹕和鹦鹉,都是他自己带进来的。鹦鹉和鹈鹕都是当时西方现代性的一部分,没有它们就不会有明治志士所期待的旧日本帝国。然而鹦鹉最终法西斯化,并试图占据和控制整个塔中世界,也是旧日本帝国发展内部逻辑的必然。叔公让真子进入塔中的目的,是让他接替自己,继续延续他所一手创造的旧帝国体制。真子拒绝了,因为他认为叔公的积木是用不洁的石块堆砌的;叔公也认同这一点。然而即使当叔公从世界的角落找来了洁净的木头,真子也还是拒绝了叔公的委托,坚决要会到现实世界。这一分歧说明了叔公和真子对旧日本帝国军国主义化,并最终失败的原因有着截然不同的理解:叔公认为失败的原因只是因为用了不洁的石块,而只要我们换上洁净的木块,我们就可以在不改变搭积木这一体制的前提下延续日本帝国。而真子认为我们在重新搭积木之前需要先更加严肃地面对现实。说得明确一点,叔公认为旧日本帝国的失败不是体制的问题,是人的问题;而真子认为事情没那么简单。当然,到最后,鹦鹉墨索里尼重新摆积木的尝试导致了一切的崩塌。 说句题外话:鹦鹉墨索里尼严格看守着怀孕的夏子,其目的是获取和控制夏子的孩子(日本的下一代),维持法西斯主义在这个国家的存在。这和叔公想要引真子前来的目的在维持旧帝国体制这一层面上是一样的。在这一层面上,他们都是帝国主义者,而与真子不同。 影片最后,真子回到现实世界,手里拿着 Kiriko 的玩具和一个砖块。博主说这个砖块是搭建新世界的木砖;我认为这是不洁净的石砖。因为叔公说洁净的木头只有他手上的十一块,而真子说他的砖是在最后在地上捡来的。联系到真子最后一次上岛给到他脚下的石砖的镜头,我认为他的砖就是不洁净的石砖。真子最后拿的是石砖而不是木砖是一个非常重要的细节:他象征着真子对业已崩塌的旧日本帝国的罪恶的记忆。诚然,一个真诚的人在面对自己国家和民族的不堪过往时,如果不能辩证地进行理解,不能在恶中找到美丽的种子,那么他将无法创造本民族的未来,将无法作为该民族的一份子继续生存。但是,真子手握砖块这一细节也表达了真子承认和试图背负本民族过去的恶行的意向。面对过去恶的勇气,同样是真诚的生活的必要条件。苍鹭对此的评论是也许真子过不久就忘了吧。这一略带犬儒气质的发言正是当代日本社会所面临的令人可叹的现状。
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Mueller, Hans-Friedrich. The Pagan World: Ancient Religions Before Christianity (Course Guide). 1st ed. The Great Courses: History - Civilization and Culture 2852. Chantilly, VA: The Teaching Company, 2020. https://www.amazon.com/Pagan-World-Ancient-Religions-Christianity/dp/B084YV1YYT/.<br /> @Mueller2020a
and the Streaming video version (Hoopla):<br /> Pagan World: Ancient Religions before Christianity. Streaming Video. The Great Courses. Chantilly, VA, 2020. https://www.hoopladigital.com/television/pagan-world-ancient-religions-before-christianity-hans-friedrich-mueller/14601704.<br /> @Mueller2020
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www.theatlantic.com www.theatlantic.com
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Historians pilloried the show as historically illiterate, but they were missing the point. It wasn’t really about the past. It was a blueprint for the future.
Bad history can be paraded under the umbrella of propaganda, not to serve to tell the story of the past, but to tell a story about a coming future.
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www.newyorker.com www.newyorker.com
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Muhanna, Elias. “A New History of Arabia, Written in Stone.” The New Yorker, May 23, 2018. https://www.newyorker.com/culture/culture-desk/a-new-history-of-arabia-written-in-stone.
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The history of Arabia just before the birth of Islam is a profound mystery, with few written sources describing the milieu in which Muhammad lived. Historians had long believed that the Bedouin nomads who lived in the area composed exquisite poetry to record the feats of their tribes but had no system for writing it down. In recent years, though, scholars have made profound advances in explaining how ancient speakers of early Arabic used the letters of other alphabets to transcribe their speech. These alphabets included Greek and Aramaic, and also Safaitic; Macdonald’s rock was one of more than fifty thousand such texts found in the deserts of the southern Levant. Safaitic glyphs look nothing like the cursive, legato flow of Arabic script. But when read aloud they are recognizable as a form of Arabic—archaic but largely intelligible to the modern speaker.
Safaitic is an example of the beginning of writing in Arabia at the rise of Islam and may have interesting things to reveal about orality on the border of literacy.
Compare this with ancient Welsh (and related Celtic languages and stone inscriptions) at about the same time period.
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- Michael Macdonald
- inscriptions
- surface survey archaeology
- Fred Donner
- Ahmad Al-Jallad
- Ali Al-Manaser
- archaeology of orality
- history of Islam
- VII
- stone inscriptions
- safaitic script
- References
- read
- historical linguistics
- semitic languages
- Robert Hoyland
- orality on the border of literacy
- Elias Muhanna
- stones
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web.archive.org web.archive.org
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If people have no awareness of history, and society suffers because of it, they also have no awareness of art history. So no awareness of cabaret history either. Werner Schneyder
Werber Schneyder on Cabaret, art and history.
German-German history as reflected in political cabaret': ridiculed separately and laughed together. Cover poster: Klaus Staeck. The poster texts are accompanied by text panels. A version in Polish is available.
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archive.org archive.org
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[Narrator]: The Cluttered Desk, Index Card,file folders, the in-out basket, the calculator.These are the tools of the office professional's past.Since the dawn of the computer age, better machines have always meant bigger and more powerful.But the software could not accommodate the needs of office professionals who are responsiblefor the look, shape and feel of tomorrow.
In 1983, at the dawn of the personal computer age, Apple Inc. in promotional film entitled "Lisa Soul Of A New Machine" touted their new computer, a 16-bit dual disk drive "personal office system", as something that would do away with "the cluttered desk, index cards, file folders, the in-out basket, [and] the calculator." (00:01)
Some of these things moved to the realm of the computer including the messy desk(top) now giving people two messy desks, a real one and a virtual one. The database-like structure of the card index also moved over, but the subjective index and its search power were substituted for a lower level concordance search.
30 years on, for most people, the value of the database idea behind the humble "index card" has long since disappeared and so it seems here as if it's "just" another piece of cluttery paper.
Appreciate the rosy framing of the juxtaposition of "past" and "future" jumping over the idea of the here and now which includes the thing they're selling, the Lisa computer. They're selling the idealized and unclear future even though it's really just today.
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www.historychina.net www.historychina.net中华文史网-政治3
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由此可见,在两次鸦片战争时期,清廷相继任命钦差大臣、钦差便宜行事全权大臣,都是采取的权宜之策,并不打算继续使用。而从战争之后的中外议订通商条约时期开始,清廷认识到逐渐进入与列国频繁交往的新时代,设立总理各国事务衙门、南北洋通商大臣等机构,并向各国派遣出使大臣,主动任命全权大臣也成为对外议约交涉的例行事务。此时清廷还对西方国家进行重新定位,考虑到共性在于「中外两国大臣公订约章,盖印画押「,因而称呼他们是「有约之国」,并且在后来编撰的《光绪会典》中进行了归纳。以此来看,在 19 世纪 60 年代中外议订通商条约期间,清朝的全权大臣正式形成,并成为与有约国全权代表谈判订约的执行者。
晚清全权大臣制度的前后变化。
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需要注意的是,中俄勘界议约交涉也正在进行。虽然俄国官员没有要求清政府派遣全权大臣,咸丰帝在四月初十日命令奕等总理衙门大臣议复是否需要向仓场侍郎成琦、吉林将军景淳发出全权大臣便宜行事上谕。奕等人对咸丰帝此举颇感意外,但随即大力支持。四月十四日,清廷正式下发谕旨,成琦、景淳就以清朝全权大臣的身份开始与俄国官员进行谈判。清廷此时主动授予本国议约官员全权便宜上谕,不能排除受到了同时期中普交涉的影响,这种影响还进一步扩展,在以后的中外通商条约交涉中有所体现。
晚清全权大臣制度形成的重要节点:咸丰帝从认识到全权大臣制度的必要性,再到主动提出授予官员全权大臣名号。
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咸丰十一年一月底普鲁士全权代表艾林波(Graf F.A.zu Eulenburg)率领使团来到中国,「全权」问题在中普交涉时又再次出现。二月十九日,清廷派遣总理衙门大臣仓场侍郎崇纶、三口通商大臣崇厚办理对普议约事宜。鉴于和英法等国议约交涉的先例,奕领衔总理衙门大臣上奏,请求授予崇纶等人便宜行事谕旨。咸丰帝此时已认识到「各国公使于钦派大臣接见时,往往求看谕旨,以为凭据」为西方外交惯例,但他指出刚刚成立的总理各国事务衙门正是负责办理各国通商事宜,此时再授予钦差大臣便宜行事的谕旨,则会事权不一,没有接受总署诸位官员的建言。
晚清全权大臣制度形成的重要节点:咸丰帝从认识到全权大臣制度的必要性,再到主动提出授予官员全权大臣名号。
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archive.org archive.org
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A tour in the United States of America : containing an account of the present situation of that country ... by Stuart, John Ferdinand Smyth, 1745-1814
https://archive.org/details/tourinunitedstat00stua_0/page/n5/mode/2up
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archive.org archive.org
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Child, Sir Josiah. A new discourse of trade, ... 1693, 1693. http://archive.org/details/bim_early-english-books-1641-1700_a-new-discourse-of-trade_child-sir-josiah_1693.
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ProslaveryGeorgians were not above accusing Oglethorpe of running a prisoncolony.50
My early memory of Georgia history in 4th grade (1984) was that Georgia was founded "as a penal colony".
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According to Francis Moore, who visited the settlement in its secondyear of operation, two “peculiar” customs stood out: both alcohol and dark-skinned people were prohibited. “No slavery is allowed, nor negroes,”Moore wrote. As a sanctuary for “free white people,” Georgia “would notpermit slaves, for slaves starve the poor laborer.” Free labor encouragedpoor white men in sober cultivation and steeled them in the event they hadto defend the land from outside aggression. It also promised to cure settlersof that most deadly of English diseases, idleness.41
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The compression of history, the winnowing of history, may seem naturaland neutral, but it is decidedly not. It is the means by which grade schoolhistory becomes our standard adult history.
Broad ideas which are scaffolded in youth should be more closely examined as children grow and develop. Being left with only basic "myths" is a disservice not only to the students, but to the societies in which they live and the early education would be better left off if it isn't followed up on in stages at later times. Or if it's the case, then stronger versions of the basics should be included for better long term outcomes.
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the first volume of GeorgeBancroft’s widely praised History of the United States (1834) may be thebest example of how the Mayflower and Arbella washed ashore and seededthe ground where love of liberty bore its ripest fruit
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promoters imagined America not as an Eden of opportunity but as a giantrubbish heap that could be transformed into productive terrain.
Looking for evidence (to come) of this statement
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The hallowed American dream is thegold standard by which politicians and voters alike are meant to measurequality of life as each generation pursues its own definition of happinessunfettered by the restraints of birth (who your parents are) or station (theposition you start out from in the class system).
Did it help that America was broadly formed during the start of the Industrial Revolution and at a time in which social mobility was dramatically different than the period of history which proceeded it?
And how much of this difference is split with the idea of the rise of (toxic) capitalism and the switch to "keeping up with the Jonses" which also tends to drive class distinctions?
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Isenberg, Nancy. White Trash: The 400-Year Untold History of Class in America. 1st ed. New York, New York: Viking, 2016.
annotation link: urn:x-pdf:417c67707ad8fbb5300140892c8666cc<br /> alternate annotation link: JH facet
Tags
- Francis Moore
- American history
- history
- pedagogy of history
- George Bancroft
- quotes
- capitalism
- class divisions
- prison colonies
- James Edward Oglethorpe
- keeping up with the Jonses
- free labor
- diseases
- white trash
- Georgia history
- slavery in Georgia
- Dan Allosso Book Club
- 1834
- historians
- class
- history of poverty
- idleness
- Industrial Revolution
- Nancy Isenberg
- social mobility
- Eden of opportunity
Annotators
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zhuanlan.zhihu.com zhuanlan.zhihu.com
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关家垴战斗,八路军以 8 个团、1 万余人的绝对优势兵力进攻日军半个大队、500 多人,在付出巨大牺牲的情况下,依然未能完成预定战役目标,其原因是多方面的,比如日军占据地形优势等。但是,归根结底,还是双方「硬实力」的差距。首先,日军的武器装备占据优势。在此战中,日军配备了 3 门山炮,每门山炮备弹 100 发,此外,还配备了 50 具掷弹筒,每具掷弹筒备弹 16 发(这里多说一句,掷弹筒的知名度不高,影视剧中也少有反映。其实,每具掷弹筒就相当于一门迷你版的迫击炮,在日军近战战术中扮演着极为重要的角色。关于这一点,我们将来专门写一篇文章聊一聊)。相比之下,八路军的重火力就只有迫击炮,而且炮弹数量也非常有限。在近战中,八路军能够依靠的「重火力」就只有手榴弹了。其次,日军的战术素养确实了得。日军的训练一向以严苛著称,所以,日军的「步兵基本技术」即射击、投弹、拼刺、土工水平比较高,组织度、执行力也比较强。一方面,在决定固守关家垴等待援军之后,连夜修筑了「山脚-山坡-山顶」的三重防御阵地,特别是南坡那片窑洞阵地,给八路军造成了很大的伤亡。另一方面,在此战中,指挥官冈崎谦受在 10 月 30 日的战斗中就被击毙。但是,在其他下级军官接管指挥之后,日军的作战也基本未受影响,依然负隅顽抗了两天。
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core.ac.uk core.ac.uk
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for - kinship - history of human kinship - evolution - extended to nuclear family
paper details - title: Family Institution and Modernization: A Sociological Perspective - author: Ilori Oladapo Mayowa - date: 2019
summary - A paper that describes the evolution of human kinship from extended familly to nuclear family in modernity.
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start.digitalefitheid.nl start.digitalefitheid.nl
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Daarbovenop nog een ander waardevol ding, waarvoor ik de woorden nog niet precies van vinden. Een vorm van bewustzijn over tijd en ruimte, en de loop der dingen in mijn leven daarin. Het klinkt vast vaag, maar dagelijks moeiteloos kunnen zien waar je vandaag de afgelopen 20 jaar mee bezig was doet iets met een mens, en op een goede manier.
Dit doet me denken aan dat PKM kan functioneren als een persoonlijke geschiedenis van jezelf.
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stackoverflow.com stackoverflow.com
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git log -SFoo -- path_containing_change
Excellent command to search in git history of a specific file!
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theinformed.life theinformed.life
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By having a longer historical view, it actually tends to extend our time horizons in both directions. So, by thinking more about the past, it sets us up to think more about a long-term future and to challenge ourselves to think more expansively and ambitiously about what might come by having the sense of a wider aperture to think about rather than just thinking about the here and now or what’s coming out in the next cycle.
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www.americanyawp.com www.americanyawp.com
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When the animals and plants were first made–we do not know by whom–they were told to watch and keep awake for seven nights, just as young men now fast and keep awake when they pray to their medicine.
Seven is a sacred number but I do wonder why it is always seven? I also wonder why the young men had to pray to their medicine. I saw a source that seven represents the highest spiritual power and I wonder if that is true.
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Coyote was quite willing and complied, but immediately afterwards lay down and died.
Why and how did Coyote die after having intercourse with the woman? I guess I'm confused on why it took so much out of him. Did anything happen to the woman after he died? I understand this is about reproduction but I wonder if he could have gone about it a different way.
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The Salinian and Cherokee
These stories are about the Salinian and Cherokee tribes. They are stories about how human and animals were created. The Salinan story was written by John Alden Mason in 1912. The Cherokee story was written by W.Powell, Nineteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution in 1897-1898. Both are these stories were created in what is now California.
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Gälûñ’lätï
Gälûñ’lätï is defined as the sky world or realm.
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When the animals and plants were first made–we do not know by whom
The language of this suggests that the identity of the creator is unknown. It almost seems like this was supposed to remain a mystery to prevent people questioning the presence of the creator. This is significant because it will not disrupt the harmony created. It was expected to understand the activities of the creator. Without balance the creator and people would not be able to keep each other in check.
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It was afterward fastened to the sky with four cords, but no one remembers who did this.
The four cords seem to represent a compass. This is significant because it shows Earth was created with stability and balance that should be maintained. Although no one remembers who did it, it can be indicated that God created it. This differentiates the Earth. The audience are the people who came to be after and were told this story of how life on Earth was created, even if there are questions with how it came to be. This also shows that Earth was created from the efforts of the water-beetle.
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When the world grows old and worn out, the people will die and the cords will break and let the earth sink down into the ocean, and all will be water again. The Indians are afraid of this.
The Cherokee made this story to describe the beginning of life. This is important because it shows there is a genuine concern for Native's to be extinct. This shows significance in taking care of Earth because life is precious. This also shows how Earth came to be and how fast it can disappear. This is significant because harmony is important to live.
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When all was water, the animals were above in Gälûñ’lätï, beyond the arch; but it was very much crowded, and they were wanting more room.
This almost indicates that the animals create the earth and determine how it is shaped. This seems to take place before humans were created. Before them, there was no Earth and the animals lived on a land in the sky. They would also need to make sure every animal could survive and thrive in the new room. The animals had to get Earth ready to prepare for human creation so they could live.
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When the world was finished, there were as yet no people, but the Bald Eagle was the chief of the animals. He saw the world was incomplete and decided to make some human beings
The Native Eagle Symbol is known as “The master of skies” and is believed to be the creature with the closest relationship with the creator.
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Progress Trap - Ronald Wright - 2004 Massey Lecture Series - A Short History of Progress
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Burke, Colin B. Information and Intrigue: From Index Cards to Dewey Decimals to Alger Hiss. History and Foundations of Information Science. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2014. https://mitpress.mit.edu/9780262027021/information-and-intrigue/
annotation URL: urn:x-pdf:3ca2bc5e94d24cfc51c7b40b4ea7daf9
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Cahoone, Lawrence. The Modern Intellectual Tradition: From Descartes to Derrida - Course Guidebook. The Great Courses 4790. Chantilly, VA: The Teaching Company, 2010. https://www.thegreatcourses.com/courses/modern-intellectual-tradition-from-descartes-to-derrida.
Cahoone, Lawrence. The Modern Intellectual Tradition: From Descartes to Derrida. Audible Audio Edition. The Great Courses 4790. Chantilly, VA: The Teaching Company, 2013. https://www.amazon.com/Modern-Intellectual-Tradition-Descartes-Derrida/dp/B00DTO5BTO.
Annotation URL: urn:x-pdf:92bff7dc89e6440afc484388b7b72d79
alternate version: https://jonudell.info/h/facet/?user=chrisaldrich&max=100&exactTagSearch=true&expanded=true&url=urn%3Ax-pdf%3A92bff7dc89e6440afc484388b7b72d79
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hardhistoriesjhu.substack.com hardhistoriesjhu.substack.com
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Read [[Martha S. Jones]] in Sleuthing the Card Catalog
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I fingered my way through where I thought I’d find entries: African American, Afro-American, Black. Nothing there. I had to then brainstorm like it was 1999, or was it 1989, 1979, or even earlier, to discover the right term. As far back as 1984, the Library of Congress, whose subject headings most research libraries in the United States utilize, admitted that it was “frustrating” to search for Black people in its catalog because two terms were simultaneously in use: “Afro-Americans” and “Blacks.”1 Neither term made it into the old Peabody Library catalog, so perhaps it and the terminology it reflected dated from an even earlier time.
Research on keywords and their shifting meanings over time can make things difficult for the novice researcher. This example from Martha S. Jones certainly highlights this perspective even in under a century of semantic shift.
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- Feb 2024
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winworldpc.com winworldpc.com
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is still used in many businesses.
UHHHHH>>
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for - history - Russia and Siberia
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www.newyorker.com www.newyorker.com
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Leisure was one precondition: enough people had to be free of the demands of subsistence to have time on their hands that required filling.
for - boredom - Deep Humanity - boredom - psychology - boredom - adjacency - boredom - insight - history - modernity
adjacency - between - boredom - insight - history - modernity - Adjacency statement - This is an insightful observation that - the affordances of a technologically sophisticated modernity - promotes boredom by providing a means to escape it, - rather than deal with it. - The notable decline of religiosity in the West also cuts off a traditional means of getting in touch with the wonder of existence - This could explain the tiffin popularity of meditation in the West as a non religious vehicle for centering in the here and now, - as boredom is a condition of avoiding the here and now
- Leisure was one precondition:
- enough people had to be free of the demands of subsistence
- to have time on their hands that required filling.
- Modern capitalism multiplied amusements and consumables,
- while undermining spiritual sources of meaning
- that had once been conferred more or less automatically.
- Leisure was one precondition:
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press.princeton.edu press.princeton.edu
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Dames, Nicholas. The Chapter: A Segmented History from Antiquity to the Twenty-First Century. Princeton University Press, 2023. https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691135199/the-chapter.
Suggested by Eric Sinclair in Dan Allosso Book Club
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Local file Local file
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Duncan, Dennis. Index, A History of the: A Bookish Adventure from Medieval Manuscripts to the Digital Age. 1st ed. London: Allen Lane, 2021. https://wwnorton.com/books/9781324002543.
annotation link: urn:x-pdf:a4bd1877f0712efcc681d33d58777e55
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scholastic learning
How much different things may have been if the state, and not the Church, had been the progenitor and supporter of the early university?
How might education have been different if it came out of itself (or something like curiosity or even society in general) without the influences on either church or state?
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scholastic learning would favour externaldemonstration over inner revelation, intellectual agility over endlessmeditation.
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the reading-out of commentaries (a format with a now-familiar name: the lecture)
Link between the commentaries of the early middle ages and modern lectures
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centralizing reforms of Pope Gregory VII calledfor a more professionalized clergy. Church officials should now betrained administrators, versed not only in the scriptures but also inthe principles of accounting and law. A papal decree of 1079 orderedthat cathedrals should establish schools for the training of priests,
Tags
- 1079
- meditation
- history
- history of education
- indices
- universitites
- scholasticism
- card index as database
- Dennis Duncan
- zettelkasten
- open questions
- commentaries
- professionalization
- law
- quotes
- papal decrees
- church vs. state
- definitions
- XI
- Pope Gregory VII
- References
- religious reforms
- accounting
- card index
- educational reform
- intellectual history
- lectures
- internal vs. external
- education reform
- church and state
- digital age
- history of universities
Annotators
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hWVrz5oCt2w<br /> The meaning of Hand Gestures in Art History<br /> Amuze Art Lectures
Middle and ring fingers together to represent modesty. (He doesn't say it, but it also could stand for "M" as in Medici??)
Finger pointing at viewer may indicate a self portrait.
Woman's hand on abdomen may represent pregnancy, a fertile marriage, or the desire to bear children.
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he very degree of wornness ofcertain cards that you once ipped to daily but now perhaps do not—since that author is drunk and forgotten or that magazine editorhas been red and now makes high-end apple chutneys inBinghamton—constitutes signi cant information about what partsof the Rolodex were of importance to you over the years.
The wear of cards can be an important part of your history with the information you handle.
Luhmann’s slips show some of this sort of wear as well, though his show it to extreme as he used thinner paper than the standard index card so some of his slips have incredibly worn/ripped/torn tops more than any grime. Many of my own books show that grime layer on the fore-edge in sections which I’ve read and re-read.
One of my favorite examples of this sort of wear through use occurs in early manuscripts (usually only religious ones) where readers literally kissed off portions of illuminations when venerating the images in their books. Later illuminators included osculation targets to help prevent these problems. (Cross reference: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/370119878_Touching_Parchment_How_Medieval_Users_Rubbed_Handled_and_Kissed_Their_Manuscripts_Volume_1_Officials_and_Their_Books)
(syndication link: https://boffosocko.com/2024/02/04/55821315/#comment-430267)
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Byington shared her uncle’s interest in and support for indigenousculture and language, serving as President of the Stockbridge branch of theIndian Rights Association, and on the Education Committee for the Women’sNational Indian Associatio
Support for
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There was a high number of librarians among the Americans, such asCharles Ammi Cutter of Harvard and the Boston Athenæum (who producedAmerica’s first public library card catalogue).
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Francis March was a Professor of English Language and ComparativePhilology at Lafayette College in Easton, Pennsylvania. The study of Englishin higher education was a development of the nineteenth century, and it tooka long time for English studies to gain recognition. March’s appointment as aProfessor of English in 1857 had been the first in the world that had theprestige of a full professorship – Rutgers appointed its first English professorin 1860, Harvard in 1876, and Oxford in 1885.
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in 1864, Webster’s Unabridged was published and it marked animportant moment in modern lexicography: no longer the idiosyncratic workof one man, this dictionary was the product of a collaborative team withNoah Porter as Chief Editor and the German scholar Carl A. F. Mahn asetymologist
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Maitland co-wrote History of English Law with Frederick Pollock.
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The Cambridge jurist and legal historian (and advocatefor women’s education) Frederic Maitland
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Katharine Bradley and Edith Cooper, two Readers who wereaunt and niece and also lesbian lovers.
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Very early one chilly morning in October 1895, Fielding Blandfordstepped into a horse-drawn carriage with Edith Lanchester’s father and twobrothers. The four men arrived at Edith’s rented lodgings in Battersea. Theywoke the whole house with heavy banging on the front door, and FieldingBlandford forced his way in to ‘examine’ Edith. He ordered that she be takento an asylum because she was committing ‘social suicide’ by insisting on livingwith her working-class lover without marrying him. He justified this byarguing that under the Lunacy Act 1890 he would have certified her had sheattempted (normal) suicide.
Fascinating story of a kidnapping and committal of a woman in October 1895 for shacking up with a man she wasn't married to.
Ultimately gained international attention.
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There were two approaches to the treatment of patients in psychiatrichospitals at the time: a humane consideration for their well-being and possiblerecovery, or the opposite – an inhumane disregard for their personhood andpossible recovery. These different approaches were championed by twoDictionary volunteers who sat on either side of the debate: Thomas NadauldBrushfield and George Fielding Blandford.
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The man who solved the problem was an American chemist, who alsocontributed to the Dictionary, Thomas Sterry Hunt. In 1857, he had beenteaching at Laval University in Quebec and responded to an appeal by thePresident of the Montreal City Bank who was battling counterfeit notes. Huntcreated a special green ink, using chromium sesquioxide, that was pretty wellindestructible. Numerous experiments showed that you couldn’t remove itfrom the banknote without destroying the paper itself – until one chemistsucceeded in doing so, and the Canadians dropped Hunt’s invention. But theAmericans took it up, especially on the back of their banknotes, hence thecolloquial term ‘greenbacks’ for US dollar bills, which was given its own entryin the OED in 1900 and defined as ‘the popular name for one of the legal-tender notes of the U.S., first issued in 1862 and so called from the devicesprinted in green ink on the back’, alongside something rather topical at thetime but now archaic, Greenback Party, defined as ‘a party in U.S. politics,which advocated that “greenbacks” should be made the sole currency of thecountry’, and its various derivatives Greenbacker and Greenbackism.
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It was left to a handful of keen British scholars, by no means part of themainstream, to encourage others to take up Continental philology. Murrayand his colleagues at the London Philological Society, especially its foundersEdwin Guest, Henry Malden, and Thomas Hewitt Key, were main players inenlivening the British linguistic scene and adopting the methods ofContinental philology. Now known as ‘the oldest learned society in GreatBritain dedicated to the study of language’, the Philological Society wasfounded in 1842 as a forum for discussion, debate, and work on developmentsin philology. But all this innovation came comparatively late, and theGrimms, who were made honorary members of the London PhilologicalSociety in 1843, were at the heart of the European innovations. Theyinfluenced Continental philology; they practised the application of historicalprinciples; they pioneered the descriptive method of defining and tracing aword’s meaning across time; and they forged the crowdsourcing techniquesand lexicographic policies and practices adopted by the OED editors.
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The study ofwords and language, otherwise known as ‘philology’, was all the rage inEurope at the turn of the nineteenth century. European scholars haddeveloped their own methodologies to compare languages and to trace thesource of a word, which became known as ‘Continental philology’. It was halfa century until Britain took up these methods, which are still practised todayand form the basis of comparative linguistics
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We think of the OED as a radical dictionary because of its size, itsscholarship, and its methods, and it was radical for English. But if youcompare it with other languages, there was nothing about its creation in themid-nineteenth century that had not been done before in Europe. English wasrelatively late to the table. The English editors were able to pick and choosethe best methods from different European dictionaries. The OEDimplemented European lexicographic practices, and advanced upon them, tocreate something truly revolutionary, something that would in fact end upbeing the envy of Europe.
Tags
- Karl Marx
- Katharine Bradley
- Indigenous allies
- Eleanor Marx
- Noah Porter
- Greenback Party
- feminism
- Women's National Indian Association
- psychiatry
- XIX
- indigenous cultures
- Indian Rights Association
- Lunacy Act of 1890
- library card catalog
- collaboration
- Webster's dictionary
- zettelkasten history
- Carl A. F. Mahn
- women's education
- intellectual history
- Edwin Guest
- Charles Ammi Cutter
- Edith Lanchester
- mental health
- Jacob Grimm
- 1864
- 1857
- Henry Malden
- kidnappings
- Deutsches Wörterbuch zettelkasten
- Oxford English Dictionary zettelkasten
- Alice Byington
- lesbians
- history
- Indigenous languages
- History of English Law
- higher education history
- development ideas
- Fielding Blandford
- law
- London Philological Society
- Thomas Hewitt Key
- librarians
- Frederic Maitland
- Wilhelm Grimm
- Cyrus Byington
- sex outside of marriage
- English departments
- firsts
- politics
- Frederick Pollock
- greenbacks
- Francis March
- counterfeit currency
- Edith Cooper
- neologisms
- dictionaries
- Michael Field
- philology
- Thomas Sterry Hunt
- English professors
- Continental philology
Annotators
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protocolswithoutzion.wordpress.com protocolswithoutzion.wordpress.com
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οι Αραβες αποικιοκράτες, από τον 7ο μ.Χ. αιώνα, όταν κατέλαβαν την Ιερουσαλήμ. Τότε ζούσαν 300 με 400 χιλιάδες Εβραίοι στην περιοχή. Οι Αραβες ισοπέδωσαν και αραβοποίησαν κάθε ίχνος του εβραϊκού πολιτισμο
Ανιστοριτες εθνοθρησκειπικες αφηγησεις που προπαγαδοζονται στα ισραηλινα σχολεια. Οχι μονο απο DNA γνωριζουμε πως ποτε δεν εφυγαν οι Φιλισταιοι, ουτε και ειχαν τοση διαφορα με τους συντοπιτες τους Εβραιοι. Η Αραβικη επελαση ηταν πολιτισμικη επεκταση περισσοτερο παρα αλλαγης πληθυσμων & εθνοκαθαρσης.
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www.newyorker.com www.newyorker.com
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The history of Arabia just before the birth of Islam is a profound mystery, with few written sources describing the milieu in which Muhammad lived.
Few primary sources before Islam
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The only realistic alternative I see is relinquishment: to limit de-velopment of the technologies that are too dangerous, by limiting ourpursuit of certain kinds of knowledge.
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- Jan 2024
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Kells, Lyman M., Willis F. Kern, and James R. Bland. K+E Slide Rules: A Self Instruction Manual. New York: Keuffel & Esser Co., 1955.
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www.jstor.org www.jstor.org
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Cowen Tracts
Cowen Tracts on JSTOR
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about.jstor.org about.jstor.org
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Pamphlets nineteenth century England
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guides.ou.edu guides.ou.edu
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British History: Primary and Secondary Sources - Primary Sources
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Local file Local file
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in hishistory of such ideas, Darwin Among the Machines, George Dysonwarns: “In the game of life and evolution there are three players at thetable: human beings, nature, and machines. I am firmly on the side ofnature. But nature, I suspect, is on the side of the machines.”
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Danny is also a highly regarded futurist who thinkslong-term—four years ago he started the Long Now Foundation
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danallosso.substack.com danallosso.substack.com
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read [[Dan Allosso]] in Actual Books
Sometimes a physical copy of a book gives one information not contained in digital scans. Allosso provides the example of Charles Knowlton's book The Fruits of Philosophy which touched on abortion and was published as a tiny hand-held book which would have made it easy to pass from person to person more discretely for its time period.
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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for - history - King Philip II - El Escorial - polycrisis - religion - history - adjacency - polycrisis - war - religion - epoche - CHD
Adjacency - between - polycrisis - war - religion - epoche - CHD - history - adjacency statement - King Philip II is an interesting historical figure who left behind this enormous physical artefact of El Escorial. - So much of history has revolved around the religious beliefs of leaders, and how those beliefs are entangled and enacted in wars, enslavement, politics and power. - Phillip's fervent Catholicism drove him to expand his empire, fight wars with the Ottoman empire and Protestants and build the sprawling El Escorial complex. - The building was designed to express his Catholic beliefs - from the monastery to the Basilica, secret relic room, to library and mausoleum. His beliefs were responsible for driving his behaviour, which influenced much of humanity during his rule. - religion's power have influenced many powerful people of history, resulting in mass influence on society, including perpetuating inequality, extractionism, colonialism and violence - all in the name of a concept of apprehending the great mystery of life. - The desire to understand the great mystery of life and death has been hijacked to perpetuate great harm instead. What is needed now is a wisdom commons for the entire species that can help elevate, deepen and interconnect all the legacy belief systems before it. For in spite of the great variety of belief systems, they are fundamentally united through a common humans denominator - they all require human beings. - It is a deficiency in any existing systems that can justify offering and violence against other belief systems and claim the throne of THE one and only, true belief system. Indeed, the claim of "the truth" is itself already a poison since it is never achievable. An epoche for the common person is necessary to penetrate the weak link of the argument itself, the linguistic social conditioning which enables storytelling itself. - the inability to collectively grasp the symbolosphere, the noosphere compells us towards beliefs, out of which self- righteousness, self- reification and othering blossom.
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shrewdies.com shrewdies.com
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Hortensia, historia real
Spanish to English translation by Google with some grammar/readability adjustments by Keith Taylor.
Hortensia, True Story
In the city of Cumaná, Sucre state, Venezuela. Faithful witness to the story of Hortensia, a woman who was held captive for 40 years in a house by her husband, Fernando Inserny.
Hortensia Maestrucci, a young woman who lived in the state of Bolívar, where she was born and grew up for a time, arrived in the city of Manzanares with her boyfriend Fernandito Inserny. Once she arrived in the city, her stay was comfortable and good for the first few months. It is said that she was a very pretty young woman who attracted the attention of many men, due to her beauty and innocence. Her boyfriend, Fernando, was the owner, at that time, of many businesses. Owner of luxurious cars at that time, an icon in the city of Cumaná. He was a descendant of a militant family of Christian democracy, a man with many things around him, among those women. Some time later, she began to feel jealous and put things in Hortensia's head, saying that if she went out on the street, the communists would take her. Things that were a lie but since she was an innocent young woman she believed her and agreed to her confinement. That's how the young woman spent her days, months, and even years. To be more exact 40 years.
This event occurred, especially near Plaza Ribero, on Úrica Street in Cumaná. During that time, she was fed through the slots in the door of the room where she was. There she was tied the entire time without making any noise so that the communists would not hear her and take her away. After 40 years locked up, she was discovered. There are two versions: - It is said that there were some children playing on the street, and they heard Hortensia crying. - And another that the neighbors warned that thieves had broken into that house.
It was at that moment when the community looks out and realizes it. They immediately call the competent authorities to investigate the case. At the time of her departure, Hortensia looked very bad. She was extremely skinny, with super long nails, and hair that reached almost her size. Very old, she had a bad smell. She was taken out of the house around 5 in the afternoon, covered and in the arms of a police commissioner. The people and everything caused her some discomfort and hurt Hortensia's eyesight, since she had been without sunlight for 40 years.
After 2 years from her release, Hortensia dies. The story of this woman who moved the city of Cumaná transcended through the years and will remain in the memory of those who lived that time. How someone manages to harm another person of that magnitude, all their years of life lost due to be locked-up.
What name could we give to this story?
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40 años encerrada en una casa
40 Years Locked in a House
- Who: Hortensia, Fernando Inserny
- What: Hortensia was held captive in a house by her husband Fernando Inserny for 40 years.
- Where: Cumaná, Sucre, Venezuela
- Why: Fernando Inserny held Hortensia captive out of jealousy and fear of communist threats.
- When: The captivity lasted for 40 years.
- How: Hortensia was fed through the door of her room and was discovered after 40 years either by children playing nearby or by neighbors suspecting a break-in. Hortensia was in poor physical condition after being locked up for so long. She died two years after her release.
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www.repubblica.it www.repubblica.it
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johnhalbrooks.substack.com johnhalbrooks.substack.comHwæt!1
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This image resonates with the earliest description of an English poet, which we find in Bede’s Ecclesiastical History of the English People, completed in the year 731. Bede, a prolific monk and scholar from the monastery of Jarrow in Northumbria, provides an account of a certain Caedmon, an illiterate brother at the abbey at Whitby, who is visited by God and taught to sing beautiful poetry. Caedmon remains an oral poet, but his literate brothers write down his poetry for him.
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www.amazon.com www.amazon.com
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https://www.amazon.com/Great-Transformation-Political-Economic-Origins/dp/080705643X
Polanyi, Karl. The Great Transformation: The Political and Economic Origins of Our Time. 2nd ed. Boston, MA: Beacon Press, 2001.
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www.imdb.com www.imdb.com
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More, essentially all research in self-reference for decades has been in artificial intelligence, which is the device around which this plot turns. The language of AI is LISP, the name of the archvillain. In the heyday of LISP machines, the leading system was Flavors LISP Object Oriented Programming or: you guessed it -- Floop. I myself worked on a defense AI program that included the notion of a `third brain,' that is an observer living in a world different than (1) that of the world's creator, and (2) of the characters.
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