- Jan 2025
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drive.google.com drive.google.com
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4.3 Geopolitics- study of the effects of geography on politics and relations among states.<br /> Territoriality - a willingness by a person or group of people to defend space they claim. A people's connection to a particular piece of land.
Neocolonialism- Process which powerful countries attempt to control weaker countries because of economic or cultural pressures. Control was indirectly exerted over developing countries. Ex. Transnational corporations based in European countries continued to control the extractions of natural resources through mining and the export of natural resources
Tags
- Religious Conflicts-Sunni and Shia Muslims. (Two branches of Muslims divided on the question of who would succeed Muhammad.) Sunni dominated Saudi Arabia and Shia dominated Iran. Tried to expand its power over territory Which lead to tension and instability.
- Economic Conflicts- Philippines, Malaysia, Brunei, Vietnam, Taiwan, and China have claimed sovereignty over the Spralty Islands (in the South China Sea). Shatter belt factors. Unconfirmed petroleum reserves in the area. Fishing grounds supply work and international shipping lanes.
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academic.oup.com academic.oup.com
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At least 1,170 pilgrims died in Saudi Arabia during an intense heat wave with temperatures reaching over 50 C
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- Dec 2024
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www.nytimes.com www.nytimes.com
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- Oct 2024
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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16:30 "But the only fatwa that has, in fact, said that no images of Mohammed are permitted, and that includes Islamic paintings, not just the cartoons, came out in 2013 in Saudi Arabia by a Salafi cleric whose name is Al-Munajid. And there are other fatwas like Asistani, the Shi'i cleric, who says these images are perfectly fine, as long as they're respectful."
20:00 Fatwas can be issued (like the above) in a vacuum without any real conversation within the Islamic community. Few years back even building a snowman fatwa as haram. Animals are decapitated in Saudi textbooks. People in 20th century having 14th century book that depicts a head, decapitating it (al-ras).
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- Jun 2024
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
- May 2024
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www.derstandard.at www.derstandard.at
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Seit dem Pariser Abkommen finanzierten die 60 größten Banken 425 fossile Großprojekte - sogenannte carbon bombs mit einem zu erwartenden CO2-Ausstoß von jeweils über einer Gigatonne - mit insgesamt 1,8 Billionen Dollar. Der Standard-Artikel geht auf ein Projekt zurück, bei dem Daten des Carbon Bombs-Projekts, des Global Energy Monitor und von Banking on Climate Chaos ausgewertet und visualisiert werden. https://www.derstandard.at/story/3000000193065/billionenkredite-fuer-fossile-grossprojekte-wie-banken-die-klimakrise-mitfinanzieren
Bericht/Visualisierung: https://www.carbonbombs.org/
Tags
- JPMorgan
- BP
- by: Anastasia Trenkler
- USA
- stranded fossil fuel assets
- fossil expansion
- Abdulaziz bin Salman
- Marcellus Shale
- Stranded fossil-fuel assets translate to major losses for investors in advanced economies
- fossil fuel finance
- Oxford Institute for Energy Studies
- fracking
- OMV
- Libya
- by: Alicia Prager
- Equinor
- banks
- Gazprom
- Bill Farren-Price
- El Sharara
- Saudi Arabia
- Citi
- Deutsche Bank
- Shell
- Data for Good
- TotalEnergies
- ExxonMobil
- China
- Net Zero Banking Alliance
- éclaircies
- carbon bombs
- ICBC
- 2023-10-31
- by: Philip Prayer
- BNP Paribas
- Unicredit
- Eni
- Repsol
- Permian basin
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www.nytimes.com www.nytimes.com
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Der staatliche saudische Ölkonzern Aramco verzichtet darauf, seine tägliche Ölproduktions-Kapazität bis 2027 von 12 auf 13 Millionen Barrel zu steigern. Als ein Grund dafür wird die gesteigerte Öl-Produktion der USA vermutet. Die Investitionen werden wohl in andere Bereiche, darunter Erdgas und Wasserstoff fließen. Aramco wird aber weiterhin investieren, um sinkende Kapazitäten der schon erschlossenen Ölfelder auszugleichen. https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/30/business/saudi-aramco-oil-production.html
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www.nytimes.com www.nytimes.com
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2023 Production Gap Report: Die USA, Russland und Saudi-Arabien planen wie die Mehrheit der 20 am meisten fossile Brennstoffe produzierenden Staaten, 2030 mehr Öl zu fördern als je zuvor. Indien will die Kohleproduktion bis 2030 verdoppeln, Kanada die Öl- und Gasförderung in 25 Jahren um 25% steigern. Brasilien will in 10 Jahren die Ölproduktion um 2/3, die Gasproduktion um 100% steigern. China, Deutschland, Großbritannien und Norwegen wollen die Produktion reduzieren. https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/09/climate/coming-soon-more-oil-gas-and-coal.html
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www.liberation.fr www.liberation.fr
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Reclaim Finance zufolge ist 2022/23 die Finanzierung von 437 Öl- und Gasprojekte genehmigt worden. Beteiligt sind 200 Unternehmen in 58 Ländern. Die Projekte widersprechen der Roadmap der IEA zur Klimaneutralität von 2021, in der keine neuen fossilen Projekte vorgesehen sind. Eine Schlüsselrolle haben staatliche Firmen in Öl und Gas produzierenden Staaten. Bei der Zahl der Projekte liegen Russland und Norwegen vorne. Europäische Ölgesellschaften haben eine Reduzierung ihrer (unzureichenden) Dekarbonisierungsziele angekündigt. https://www.liberation.fr/environnement/437-nouveaux-projets-petroliers-et-gaziers-quels-sont-les-pays-moteurs-des-energies-fossiles-en-2023-20231130_QRXDTQKM7NBIZGXWUNFQ7QRSWM/
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Untersuchungen zeigen, dass die COP28 mit dem Emissions Peak für Treibhausgase zusammenfallen könnte. Um das 1,5°-Ziel zu erreichen, müssten allerdings die Emissionen bis 2030 um die Hälfte sinken. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/ng-interactive/2023/nov/29/cop28-what-could-climate-conference-achieve
Tags
- 2023-11-29
- Jeanne d’Arc Mujawamariya
- Saudi-Arabia
- Council on Energy, Environment and Water
- Simon Stiell
- Paul Bledsoe
- Patrick Verkooijen
- BNEF
- Climate Analytics
- coal phase-out
- Mariana Mazzucato
- Avinash Persaud
- Climate Action Network International
- Romain Ioualalen
- COP28
- Global Optimism
- Global Centre on Adaptation
- Durwood Zaelke
- Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air
- Vera Singer
- climate finance
- Eamon Ryan
- Greenpeace
- Shady Khalil
- COP28 global methane summit
- fossil fuels phase-out
- Lauri Myllyvirta
- Joeri Rogelj
- Arunabha Ghosh
- Nicholas Stern
- Harjeet Singh
- OECD
- Christiana Figueres
- Mia Mottley
- Jenny Chase
- Macky Small
- NOCs
- China
- Institute for Governance and Sustainable Development
- actor: Sultan Al Jaber
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Die Pläne der Kohle-, Öl- und gasproduzierenden Staaten zur Ausweitung der Förderung würden 2030 zu 460% mehr Kohle, 83% mehr Gas und 29% mehr Ölproduktion führen, als mit dem Pariser Abkommen vereinbar ist. Der aktuelle Production Gap Report der Vereinten Nationen konzentriert sich auf die 20 stärksten Verschmutzer-Staaten, deren Pläne fast durchgängig in radikalem Widerspruch zum Pariser Abkommen stehen. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/nov/08/insanity-petrostates-planning-huge-expansion-of-fossil-fuels-says-un-report
Report: https://productiongap.org/
Tags
- country: Germany
- country: Nigeria
- expert: Michael Lazarus
- country: China
- report: Production Gap Report 2023
- country: Colombia
- fossil expansion
- country: USA
- country: Uk
- institution: Oil Change International
- institution: Climate Analytics
- country: India
- institution: Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI)
- country: Canada
- institution: UNEP
- 2023-11-08
- expert: Romain Ioualalen
- actor: Inger Andersen
- country: Brazil
- expert: Ploy Achakulwisut
- country: Kuwait
- country: UAE
- expert: Neil Grant
- country: Indonesia
- country: Russia
- country: Norway
- country: Australia
- country: Saudi Arabia
- country: Qatar
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- Apr 2024
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Das Highjacking des UN-Klimaprozesses durch die Fossilindustrien betreiben die Vereinigten Arabischen Emirate in sehr konkreter Weise. Kurz vor der COP28 wurden Notizen zur Vorbereitung von Gesprächen der Emirate mit 27 Staaten bekannt: Bei Klimatreffen sollten gemeinsame Projekte mit der Adnoc zur Öl- und Gasförderung und mit Masdar im Bereich der Erneuerbaren angesprochen werden sollten. Adnoc und Masdar werden von Sultan Al Jaber geleitet, dem Präsidenten der COP28 https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/nov/27/cop28-host-uae-planned-promote-oil-deals-climate-talks
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- Mar 2024
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www.repubblica.it www.repubblica.it
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Die saudische Ölfirma Aramco hat 2023 121 Mrd. Dollar Gewinn gemacht. Nach den 161 Mrd. von 2022 ist das das zweitbeste Ergebnis der Firmengeschichte. Es werden 97,8 Mrd. Dollar Dividenden gezahlt. Der Fall des Ökpreises hat die Gewinn-Marge verkleinert. Die saudi-arabische Regieung reagiert darauf mit einer Senkung der geplanten Fördermengen. https://www.repubblica.it/economia/finanza/2024/03/10/news/scende_lutile_di_aramco_ma_aumenta_il_dividendo_per_finanziare_i_progetti_sauditi-422283785/
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- Jan 2024
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www.derstandard.at www.derstandard.at
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Der Standard über die megalomane Dystopie Neom, die der Kashoggi-Mörder Mohammed bin Salman vorantreibt: das materialisierte Greenwashing des ölreichsten Petrostaats. Beteiligt ist auch der in Graz immer noch gefeierte Architekt Peter Cook, der aber in diesem Artikel nicht erwähnt wird. https://www.derstandard.at/story/3000000202323/the-line-utopia-auf-sand-wird-mit-blut-bezahlt
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- Nov 2023
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Wenn die Länder sich an ihre aktuellen Planungen halten, werden die Emissionen bis 2030 im Verhältnis zu 2010 um 9% wachsen. Für das 1,5°-Ziel müssten sie um fast 50% fallen. Der Global stocktake report der UN zeigt vor der COP28, dass die meisten Nationen bei weiten nicht genug Schritte zur Reduktion der Emissionen unternehmen. Zu ähnlichen Ergebnissen war der Bericht "State of Climate Action 2023" gekommen. https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/14/climate/united-nations-ndc-report-card.html
Bericht: https://unfccc.int/documents/632334
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- Sep 2023
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Die Ölpreise steigern deutlich an, vor allem aufgrund von steigender Nachfrage in China (dem größten Öl-Importeur) und Drosselung der Produktion in Saudi-Arabien und Russland. Hintergrund dieser Verknappung ist auch die Prognose der IEA, die Nachfrage nach Öl werde vor 2030 erstmals sinken. https://www.theguardian.com/business/2023/sep/17/global-inflation-fears-as-oil-price-rises-towards-100-a-barrel
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- Aug 2023
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
- Aug 2022
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www.bloomberg.com www.bloomberg.com
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One day last September, a curious email arrived in Chris Hables Gray’s inbox. An author and self-described anarchist, feminist, and revolutionary, Gray fits right into Santa Cruz, Calif., where he lives. He’s written extensively about genetic engineering and the inevitable rise of cyborgs, attending protests in between for causes such as Black Lives Matter.While Gray had taken some consulting gigs over the years, he’d never received an offer like this one. The first shock was the money: significantly more than he’d earned from all but one of his books. The second was the task: researching the aesthetics of seminal works of science fiction such as Blade Runner. The biggest surprise, however, was the ultimate client: Mohammed bin Salman, the 36-year-old crown prince of Saudi Arabia.
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www.liberation.fr www.liberation.fr
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Rekord-Wachstum in Saudi-Arabien wegen der gestiegenen Öl-Preise
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- Jul 2022
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www.liberation.fr www.liberation.fr
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Geopolitische Aspekte des Besuchs von Mohammed Ben Salman in Frankreich.
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- Oct 2021
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ourworldindata.org ourworldindata.org
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Coronavirus Pandemic Data Explorer. (n.d.). Our World in Data. Retrieved March 3, 2021, from https://ourworldindata.org/coronavirus-data-explorer
Tags
- Asia
- Zambia
- Congo
- Egypt
- World
- USA
- Macao
- table
- Qatar
- Israel
- Sierra Leone
- South America
- Turkey
- Australia
- Bermuda
- United Arab Emirates
- Eswatini
- map
- Tobago
- India
- Kazakhstan
- Hong Kong
- Zimbabwe
- Lebanon
- Germany
- France
- Dominica
- Palestine
- Croatia
- Gibraltar
- Gabon
- Samoa
- Oceania
- Spain
- Comoros
- Greece
- Cambodia
- Saint Helena
- Guinea-Bissau
- Guinea
- Malta
- Nigeria
- Switzerland
- Antigua
- Armenia
- Burundi
- Mexico
- Belarus
- Canada
- Equatorial Guinea
- Bhutan
- Finland
- Dominician Republic
- Liechtenstein
- Northern Cyprus
- Eritrea
- Saint Kitts and Nevis
- Europe
- Guernsey
- Iran
- North America
- Grenadines
- Maldives
- Uganda
- Uzbekistan
- Norway
- Netherlands
- Monaco
- Cyprus
- Austria
- Chile
- Kosovo
- Madagascar
- New Zealand
- Latvia
- Guatemala
- Saudi Arabia
- case
- Papua New Guinea
- is:webpage
- chart
- Solomon Islands
- Kuwait
- Pakistan
- South Africa
- Angola
- Venezuela
- Georgia
- Iceland
- Nepal
- Mauritania
- Bahrain
- vaccine
- Slovakia
- Bosnia
- Herzegovina
- Montenegro
- Vietnam
- Liberia
- Panama
- Mongolia
- Guyana
- COVID-19
- Somalia
- Poland
- China
- Serbia
- Bolivia
- Taiwan
- Uruguay
- Vatican
- test
- Nicaragua
- South Sudan
- Costa Rica
- Bulgaria
- Ireland
- Micronesia
- Denmark
- Saint Vincent
- Seychelles
- Cote d'ivoire
- Morocco
- Lithuania
- Ghana
- Peru
- Thailand
- Europian Union
- Sweden
- South Korea
- Ukraine
- Syria
- graph
- Cape Verde
- Indonesia
- Czechia
- Bangladesh
- Sudan
- Russia
- Democratic Republic of Congo
- Saint Lucia
- Luxembourg
- Timor
- Azerbaijan
- Brazil
- Mozambique
- Estonia
- Fiji
- Moldova
- Tunisia
- Afghanistan
- Ethiopia
- Bahamas
- Italy
- UK
- Faeroe Islands
- Haiti
- Jamaica
- Cuba
- El Salvador
- Isle of Man
- Japan
- Gambia
- Slovenia
- Mali
- Mashall Islands
- Africa
- Cayman Islands
- case fatality rate
- Namibia
- Myanmar
- Philipines
- Iraq
- Sri Lanka
- Jordan
- Singapore
- Malaysia
- Colombia
- Laos
- Mauritius
- Falkland Islands
- Ecuador
- Libya
- Portugal
- Senegal
- North Macedonia
- Tanzania
- Suriname
- Argentina
- San Marino
- Tajikistan
- Djobouti
- Sao Tome and Principe
- Oman
- Togo
- Vanuatu
- Malawi
- Romania
- Paraguay
- mortality
- Greenland
- Botswana
- Kenya
- Burkina Faso
- Andorra
- Cameroon
- Algeria
- Chad
- Grenada
- Trinidad
- Barbados
- Hungary
- Niger
- Turks and Caicos Islands
- lang:en
- Barbuda
- Yemen
- Rwanda
- Benin
- Belize
- Honduras
- Jersey
- death
- Kyrgyzstan
- Belgium
- Lesotho
- Central African Republic
- Albania
- data
- Anguilla
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yougov.co.uk yougov.co.uk
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Europe is becoming more pro-vaccine | YouGov. (n.d.). Retrieved March 1, 2021, from https://yougov.co.uk/topics/international/articles-reports/2021/01/22/europe-becoming-more-pro-vaccine
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- Mar 2021
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Kartushina, N., Mani, N., AKTAN-ERCIYES, A., Alaslani, K., Aldrich, N. J., Almohammadi, A., … Mayor, J. (2021, March 5). COVID-19 first lockdown as a unique window into language acquisition: What you do (with your child) matters. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/5ejwu
Tags
- daycare
- united kingdom
- poland
- exposure
- Israel
- carer
- russia
- passive
- norway
- longitudinal
- spain
- saudi arabia
- turkey
- developmental psychology
- children
- behavioral science
- book
- canada
- development
- france
- lockdown
- united states
- germany
- language
- multi-country
- screen
- lang:en
- is:preprint
- reading
- parenting
- netherlands
- COVID-19
- acquisition
- learning
- vocabulary
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Anderson-Carpenter, K. D., & Tacy, G. S. (2021). Predictors of Social Distancing and Hand Washing among Adults in Five Countries during COVID-19. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/zy82h
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- employment status
- international
- hand washing
- urban
- adults
- Spain
- Italy
- education
- UK
- sexual minority
- social determinants
- lang:en
- social distancing
- suburban
- is:preprint
- India
- US
- mitigations
- health measures
- systematic investigations
- Saudi Arabia
- stigma
- predictors
- Qualtrics
- COVID-19
- rural states
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twitter.com twitter.com
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ReconfigBehSci on Twitter: ‘RT @PsyArXivBot: Predictors of Social Distancing and Hand Washing among Adults in Five Countries during COVID-19 https://t.co/DHAjYHoS3a’ / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved 2 March 2021, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1366708059175849988
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- employment status
- international
- respiratory conditions
- hand washing
- urban
- adults
- Spain
- Italy
- education
- UK
- sexual minority
- social determinants
- is:tweet
- social distancing
- hygiene
- lang:en
- suburban
- public health
- India
- US
- mitigations
- health measures
- systematic investigations
- non-pharmaceutical
- Saudi Arabia
- stigma
- predictors
- Qualtrics
- COVID-19
- rural states
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URL
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- Aug 2020
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www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
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Mohana, A., Suliman, T., Mahmoud, N., Hassanein, M., Alfaifi, A., Alenazi, E., Radwan, N., Alkhalifah, N., Elkady, E., Almohaizeie, A., AboGazalah, F., AbdulKareem, K., AlGhofaili, F., Jokhdar, H., & Alrabiah, F. (2020). Hydroxychloroquine Safety Outcome within Approved Therapeutic Protocol for COVID-19 Outpatients in Saudi Arabia. MedRxiv, 2020.08.16.20175752. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.16.20175752
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- Nov 2019
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www.washingtonpost.com www.washingtonpost.com
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Twitter's employees could haphazardly access data that belonged to any customers. Way to go.
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- Jan 2016
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www.newyorker.com www.newyorker.com
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But, of the dozens of female lawyers and law graduates I spoke with on a visit to Saudi Arabia in early November, only two would admit to any interest in expanding rights for Saudi women.
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On Salman’s third day as king, he oversaw his first beheading, of an alleged rapist. By early November, the kingdom had already carried out more executions—at least a hundred and fifty—than it had in any year since 1995. In late November, two Saudi newspapers reported that the state would soon be executing at least fifty more prisoners, all convicted of terrorism, which under Saudi law includes such offenses as damaging the reputation of Saudi Arabia or its king; a charge of terrorism is frequently used to try not only jihadists but also bloggers and lawyers.
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Today, several thousand Saudi women hold law degrees, and sixty-seven are licensed to practice, according to justice-ministry figures released at the end of November.
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In early October, at the end of the Islamic calendar year, the Saudi justice ministry announced that in the past twelve months there had been a forty-eight-per-cent increase in cases of khula, divorces initiated by women.
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The second Hawa’a’s Rights lecture, on April 26th, addressed personal-status law, the category of Saudi law that governs marriage, divorce, guardianship, and inheritance.
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The first lecture in the series, which Ferak called Hawa’a’s Rights (Hawa’a is the Arabic version of the name Eve), was publicized on Twitter and took place on the evening of April 15th.
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In November, in an adultery case, a married woman was sentenced to death by stoning; her unmarried male partner received a hundred lashes.
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The fact that women couldn’t obtain law licenses wasn’t a source of anxiety for Zahran and her classmates, but by 2008, when she graduated, the justice ministry still hadn’t indicated that it would begin licensing female lawyers.
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In 2004, she was a student in the human-resources department at King Abdulaziz University, in Jeddah, when the university announced that it would be opening a degree program in law for female students. It was the first such program in the kingdom, and Zahran immediately switched her concentration to law.
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The advent, in 2014, of car services that can be requested through mobile apps has given women a freedom of movement that had seemed impossible just months earlier.
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Sorcery is considered such a grave concern that, in 2009, the Commission for the Promotion of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice created a specially trained unit to conduct witchcraft investigations.
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In 2008, King Abdullah, who died last January, appalled some of his subjects when he announced that the Riyadh University for Women would be renamed Princess Nora bint Abdul Rahman University, in memory of a favorite aunt.
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In supermarkets, which have employed women since 2013, low partitions suffice, because semi-public spaces are easily monitored by members of the Committee for the Promotion of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice, the kingdom’s religious police.
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In 2011, when Mohra Ferak entered the law department at Dar Al-Hekma, her immediate family was supportive, but others were horrified.
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Since 2013, women have been allowed to ride bicycles, but only in designated parks and recreation areas, chaperoned by a close male relative.
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2004, Saudi Arabia introduced reforms allowing women’s colleges and universities to offer degree programs in law.
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The lecturer, Bayan Mahmoud Zahran—a thirty-year-old Jeddah attorney who, in January, 2014, became the first Saudi woman to open a law firm
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In 2013, law licenses were granted to four women, including Bayan Mahmoud Zahran.
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The first female law students graduated in 2008, but, for several years after that, they were prohibited from appearing in court.
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