interdependence of our lives
communism??
1,532 Matching Annotations
- Nov 2023
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library.scholarcy.com library.scholarcy.com
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The welfare state has played a role in the provision of care, but certain groups have been excluded. Care work is deeply intertwined with power dynamics, and feminist movements have challenged traditional gender roles.
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library.scholarcy.com library.scholarcy.com
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ecorded 20 per cent increase in female labour-force participation in OECD countries over the last thirty years.31
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Migrant women from the Global South and Eastern Europe have filled care gaps in the Global North, taking up positions as domestic workers or health and social care workers.
intersectionality as exploitation
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Migration plays a role in care debates, with migrant workers often scapegoated despite their contributions to the economy and care sector.
intersectionality
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shifted the cost of care onto individuals and communities, leading to a greater reliance on informal support and charity.
neoliberal = more exploited women in social care for free
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but without a change in the division of unpaid care work, many women are left doing multiple shifts of caring for others.
women are most impacted as they mostly work in the care industry (more than men). division of labour and paid/unpaid
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important role of women in providing unpaid care work and criticizes the invisibility and undervaluation of this labor.
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nequal impact of the coronavirus crisis on different groups, such as precarious workers and marginalized communities.
care industry and capitalism has a greater impact on marginalised groups (intersectionality)
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- Oct 2023
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www.nytimes.com www.nytimes.com
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Alter regularly composes phrases that sound strange in English, in part because they carry hints of ancient Hebrew within them. The translation theorist Lawrence Venuti, whom Alter has cited, describes translations that “foreignize,” or openly signal that a translated text was originally written in another language, and those that “domesticate,” or render invisible the original language. According to Venuti, a “foreignized” translation “seeks to register linguistic and cultural differences.” Alter maintains that his translation of the Bible borrows from the idea of “foreignizing,” and this approach generates unexpected and even radical urgency, particularly in passages that might seem familiar.
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The art of the biblical narrative, Alter hypothesized, was finalized in a late editorial stage by some unifying creative mind — a figure who, like a film editor, introduced narrative coherence through the art of montage. Alter called this method “composite artistry,” and he would also come to use the term “the Arranger” — a concept borrowed from scholarship on James Joyce — to describe the editor (or editors) who gave the text a final artistic overlay. It was a secular and literary method of reading the Hebrew Bible but, in its reverent insistence on the coherence and complex artistry of the central texts, it has appealed to some religious readers.
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dhayton.haverford.edu dhayton.haverford.edu
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Hayton, Darin. “Washington Irving’s Columbus and the Flat Earth.” History of Science blog. Darin Hayton, December 2, 2014. https://dhayton.haverford.edu/blog/2014/12/02/washington-irvings-columbus-and-the-flat-earth/.
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the Columbus myth is alive and well in the United States
the author cites examples of modern references including: - Lawrence Krauss (cosmologist) # - President Barak Obama # - Chris Impey, astronomer #, #
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By the time Andrew White wrote his A History of the Warfare of Science with Theology in Christendom (1896) (online here), Columbus’s struggles to overcome a medieval Church that believed in a flat earth had become historical fact.
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By the latter 19th-century, the supposed truth of the Columbus story had completely replaced the historical truths. In works like John Draper’s History of the Conflict between Religion and Science (1874) (online here) we read nothing of the reasoned objections raised by the Council at Salamanca or of Columbus’s errors. Instead we learn that his proposal’s irreligious tendency was pointed out by the Spanish ecclesiastics, and condemned by the Council of Salamanca; its orthodoxy was confuted from the Pentateuch, the Psalms, the Prophecies, the Gospels, the Epistles, and the writings of the Fathers—St. Chrysostom, St. Augustine, St. Jerome, St. Gregory, St. Basil, St Ambrose.
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Lactantius, of course, and now Cosmas Indicopleustes, who says nothing about antipodes but offers an easily mocked tabernacle-shaped world and flat earth.
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Within a decade, William Whewell had published his History of the Inductive Sciences (1837) (online here). In a section on antipodes, he admitted that most people throughout history had known the earth was round.
Link to https://hypothes.is/a/hvDAtHT0Ee6_Z3em_Dz4bg (Columbus & Washington Irving)
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The seeds of the Columbus myth seem to grow from Washington Irving’s biography of Columbus, A History of the Life and Voyages of Christopher Columbus (1828) (online here). Alexander Everett, Minister Plenipotentiary to Spain, had invited Irving to Madrid in the hopes that Irving would translate a recently published collection of documents on Columbus.
Source of the Columbus/Flat Earth portion of the bunk theory.
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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- summary
- Konstantin Anokhin proposes a theory of consciousness based on the concept of the cognitome and consists of three principal claims:
- the study of the structure (mind) must precede the study of the processes that take place within the structure (consciousness)
- Konstantin Anokhin proposes a theory of consciousness based on the concept of the cognitome and consists of three principal claims:
- summary
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www.zotero.org www.zotero.org
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key hope theory
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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https://docdrop.org/pdf/Towards-a-Global-Music-Theory-Practical-Concepts-and-Methods-3kjpw.pdf/
Towards a Global Music Theory: Practical comcepts and methods for the analysis of music across human cultures
Hijleh, M 2012
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www.sciencealert.com www.sciencealert.com
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- for: assembly theory, unifying physics and evolution, unifying physics and biology unifying physics and biology
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delong.typepad.com delong.typepad.com
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They are all complex unities.
Outlines will show similarities to fractals because of their building block simplicity which can grow to show emergent complexity.
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- Sep 2023
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www.urmc.rochester.edu www.urmc.rochester.edu
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54:30 Max utopian in his head, trust in random people
- see index zk on Apollonian and Dionysian theory (idealism, good or bad?)
57:00 inherently, people are good, but they get corrupted (good and evil)
57:44 “there is some light” (life can be good): see zk 9 section on light & darkness
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plato.stanford.edu plato.stanford.edu
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What a critical social theory really needs to address is why hunger, poverty, and other forms of human suffering persist despite the technological and scientific potential to mitigate them or to eliminate them altogether.
Adorno and Horkheimer's main critique of 1930-1960 Western Society
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URL
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matthew-van-der-hoorn.notion.site matthew-van-der-hoorn.notion.site
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https://matthew-van-der-hoorn.notion.site/matthew-van-der-hoorn/Book-Reading-bc745728387b4369b5b63739292c9ce7
van der Hoorn's suggestions for reading
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www.uclaextension.edu www.uclaextension.edu
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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writing.bobdoto.computer writing.bobdoto.computer
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Doto, Bob. “Inspired Destruction: How a Zettelkasten Explodes Thoughts (So You Can Have New Ones).” Personal blog. Writing by Bob Doto (blog), September 13, 2023. https://writing.bobdoto.computer/inspired-destruction-how-a-zettelkasten-explodes-thoughts-so-you-can-have-newish-ones/.
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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A rhizome is a concept in post-structuralism describing a nonlinear network that "connects any point to any other point".[1] It appears in the work of French theorists Deleuze and Guattari, who used the term in their book A Thousand Plateaus to refer to networks that establish "connections between semiotic chains, organizations of power, and circumstances relative to the arts, sciences and social struggles" with no apparent order or coherency.
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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according to Husserl, Galileo was the one who performed the trick. Who suddenly was hiding the origin of knowledge.
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for: quote, quote - Galileo, quote - hiding the origin of knowledge, physical theory - hiding origin of knowledge
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quote
- According to Husserl, Galileo was the one who performed the trick. Who suddenly was hiding the origin of knowledge.
- author: Michel Bitbol
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The Chord-Scale Theory and Jazz Harmomny Netles & Graf 1997 (not searchable)
blues progressions - p 101
Tags
- harmony
- cliches
- blues
- sequential-substitute-V
- chord-scale-theory
- reharmonisation-diatonic
- phd-blues-harmony-progressions
- chord-voicing
- nonfunctional-harmony
- modal-harmony
- voicing
- minor-key-harmony
- sequential-V
- substitute-V
- polychords
- chord-symbols-voicing-specific
- modes
- source:nettles-graf
- blues-harmony
Annotators
URL
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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In type theory, product types (with no field names) are generally preferred due to their simplicity
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religious ideas contend that a non-physical Consciousness called God was in a good mood at one point so he and it usually is a he created 01:27:18 physicality the material world around us thank you so in those viewpoints Frameworks you're not allowed to ask who or what created God because the answer will be well he 01:27:35 just is and always was so have faith my child and stop asking questions like that [Music] religion or Mythos of materialism philosophy you are not allowed to ask 01:27:46 what created physical energy if you do the answer will be the big bang just happened it was this energy in a point that just was and always will be so have faith my child and don't ask questions 01:28:00 that can't be answered
- for: adjacency: adjacency - monotheistic religions and maerialism
- adjacency between
- monotheistic religion
- materialist / physicalist scientific theories
- adjacency statement:
- Good observation of an adjacency, although not all religions hold those views, and even in those religions, those are those views are held by less critical thinkers.
- In the more contemplative branches of major world religions, there is a lot of deep, critical thinking that is not so naive.
- Good observation of an adjacency, although not all religions hold those views, and even in those religions, those are those views are held by less critical thinkers.
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designopendata.wordpress.com designopendata.wordpress.com
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Technology is—the mortal enemy of art.technology. . . .We—are your first fighting and punitive force.We are also your last slave-workers.We are not dreamers from art who build in the imagination:
This seems to speak to the idea that it will take work to rebuild in the wake of the Revolution. It will take work, constructing, and technology. This is also one of many places where art is denounced.
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www.yalsa.ala.org www.yalsa.ala.org
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Kyungwon Koh. Radical Change Theory: Framework for Empowering Digital Youth
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www.frontiersin.org www.frontiersin.org
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- for: nonduality, non-duality, duality, dualism, hard problem of consciousness, explanatory gap, relativistic theory of consciousness, human INTERbeing, human INTERbeCOMing, Deep Humanity, DH
- title: A Relativistic Theory of Consciousness
- author: Nir Lahav, Zahariah A. Neemeh
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date: May 12, 2022
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abstract
- In recent decades, the scientific study of consciousness has significantly increased our understanding of this elusive phenomenon.
- Yet, despite critical development in our understanding of the functional side of consciousness, we still lack a fundamental theory regarding its phenomenal aspect.
- There is an “explanatory gap” between
- our scientific knowledge of functional consciousness and
- its “subjective,” phenomenal aspects,
- referred to as the “hard problem” of consciousness.
- The phenomenal aspect of consciousness is the first-person answer to “what it’s like” question, and
- it has thus far proved recalcitrant to direct scientific investigation.
- Naturalistic dualists argue that it is composed of a primitive, private, non-reductive element of reality that is independent from the functional and physical aspects of consciousness.
- Illusionists, on the other hand, argue that it is merely a cognitive illusion, and that all that exists are ultimately physical, non-phenomenal properties.
- We contend that both the dualist and illusionist positions are flawed because they tacitly assume consciousness to be an absolute property that doesn’t depend on the observer.
- We develop a conceptual and a mathematical argument for a relativistic theory of consciousness in which
- a system either has or doesn’t have phenomenal consciousness with respect to some observer.
- Phenomenal consciousness is neither private nor delusional, just relativistic.
- In the frame of reference of the cognitive system, it will be observable (first-person perspective) and
- in other frame of reference it will not (third-person perspective).
- These two cognitive frames of reference are both correct,
- just as in the case of
- an observer that claims to be at rest
- while another will claim that the observer has constant velocity.
- just as in the case of
- Given that consciousness is a relativistic phenomenon, neither observer position can be privileged,
- as they both describe the same underlying reality.
- Based on relativistic phenomena in physics
- we developed a mathematical formalization for consciousness which bridges the explanatory gap and dissolves the hard problem.
- Given that the first-person cognitive frame of reference also offers legitimate observations on consciousness,
- we conclude by arguing that philosophers can usefully contribute to the science of consciousness by collaborating with neuroscientists to explore the neural basis of phenomenal structures.
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comment
- This is a promising approach to solving the hard problem of consciosness
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Phenomenal consciousness is only seemingly private because in order to measure it one needs to be in the appropriate cognitive frame of reference. It is not a simple transformation to change from a third-person cognitive frame of reference to the first-person frame, but in principle it can be done, and hence phenomenal consciousness isn’t private anymore.
- for: relativistic theory of consciousness, question, question - shifting cognitive frames
- question
- How is this transformation done?
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www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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Recent work has revealed several new and significant aspects of the dynamics of theory change. First, statistical information, information about the probabilistic contingencies between events, plays a particularly important role in theory-formation both in science and in childhood. In the last fifteen years we’ve discovered the power of early statistical learning.
The data of the past is congruent with the current psychological trends that face the education system of today. Developmentalists have charted how children construct and revise intuitive theories. In turn, a variety of theories have developed because of the greater use of statistical information that supports probabilistic contingencies that help to better inform us of causal models and their distinctive cognitive functions. These studies investigate the physical, psychological, and social domains. In the case of intuitive psychology, or "theory of mind," developmentalism has traced a progression from an early understanding of emotion and action to an understanding of intentions and simple aspects of perception, to an understanding of knowledge vs. ignorance, and finally to a representational and then an interpretive theory of mind.
The mechanisms by which life evolved—from chemical beginnings to cognizing human beings—are central to understanding the psychological basis of learning. We are the product of an evolutionary process and it is the mechanisms inherent in this process that offer the most probable explanations to how we think and learn.
Bada, & Olusegun, S. (2015). Constructivism Learning Theory : A Paradigm for Teaching and Learning.
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Annotators
URL
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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- for: doppleganger, conflict resolution, deep humanity, common denominators, CHD, Douglas Rushkoff, Naomi Klein, Into the Mirror World, conspiracy theory, conspiracy theories, conspiracy culture, nonduality, self-other, human interbeing, polycrisis, othering, storytelling, myth-making, social media amplifier
-summary
- This conversation was insightful on so many dimensions salient to the polycrisis humanity is moving through.
- It makes me think of the old cliches:
- "The more things change, the more they remain the same"
- "What's old is new" ' "History repeats"
- the conversation explores Naomi's latest book (as of this podcast), Into the Mirror World, in which Naomi adopts a different style of writing to explicate, articulate and give voice to
- implicit and tacit discomforting ideas and feelings she experienced during covid and earlier, and
- became a focal point through a personal comparative analysis with another female author and thought leader, Naomi Wolf,
- a feminist writer who ended up being rejected by mainstream media and turned to right wing media.
- The conversation explores the process of:
- othering,
- coopting and
- abandoning
- of ideas important for personal and social wellbeing.
- and speaks to the need to identify what is going on and to reclaim those ideas for the sake of humanity
- In this context, the doppleganger is the people who are mirror-like imiages of ourselves, but on the other side of polarized issues.
- Charismatic leaders who are bad actors often are good at identifying the suffering of the masses, and coopt the ideas of good actors to serve their own ends of self-enrichment.
- There are real world conspiracies that have caused significant societal harm, and still do,
- however, when there ithere are phenomena which we have no direct sense experience of, the mixture of
- a sense of helplessness,
- anger emerging from injustice
- a charismatic leader proposing a concrete, possible but explanatory theory
- is a powerful story whose mythology can be reified by many people believing it
- Another cliche springs to mind
- A lie told a hundred times becomes a truth
- hence the amplifying role of social media
- When we think about where this phenomena manifests, we find it everywhere:
- for: doppleganger, conflict resolution, deep humanity, common denominators, CHD, Douglas Rushkoff, Naomi Klein, Into the Mirror World, conspiracy theory, conspiracy theories, conspiracy culture, nonduality, self-other, human interbeing, polycrisis, othering, storytelling, myth-making, social media amplifier
-summary
Tags
- conflict resolution
- storytellilng
- myth-making
- Into the Mirror World
- doppleganger
- polycrisis
- CHD
- othering
- common denominators
- Douglas Rushkoff
- social media amplifier
- conspiracy theories
- conspiracy theory
- human interbeing
- conspiracy culture
- Deep Humanity
- nonduality
- self-other entanglement
- Naomi Klein
Annotators
URL
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- Aug 2023
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royalsocietypublishing.org royalsocietypublishing.org
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Local file Local file
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Some may not realize it yet, but the shift in technology represented by ChatGPT is just another small evolution in the chain of predictive text with the realms of information theory and corpus linguistics.
Claude Shannon's work along with Warren Weaver's introduction in The Mathematical Theory of Communication (1948), shows some of the predictive structure of written communication. This is potentially better underlined for the non-mathematician in John R. Pierce's book An Introduction to Information Theory: Symbols, Signals and Noise (1961) in which discusses how one can do a basic analysis of written English to discover that "e" is the most prolific letter or to predict which letters are more likely to come after other letters. The mathematical structures have interesting consequences like the fact that crossword puzzles are only possible because of the repetitive nature of the English language or that one can use the editor's notation "TK" (usually meaning facts or date To Come) in writing their papers to make it easy to find missing information prior to publication because the statistical existence of the letter combination T followed by K is exceptionally rare and the only appearances of it in long documents are almost assuredly areas which need to be double checked for data or accuracy.
Cell phone manufacturers took advantage of the lower levels of this mathematical predictability to create T9 predictive text in early mobile phone technology. This functionality is still used in current cell phones to help speed up our texting abilities. The difference between then and now is that almost everyone takes the predictive magic for granted.
As anyone with "fat fingers" can attest, your phone doesn't always type out exactly what you mean which can result in autocorrect mistakes (see: DYAC (Damn You AutoCorrect)) of varying levels of frustration or hilarity. This means that when texting, one needs to carefully double check their work before sending their text or social media posts or risk sending their messages to Grand Master Flash instead of Grandma.
The evolution in technology effected by larger amounts of storage, faster processing speeds, and more text to study means that we've gone beyond the level of predicting a single word or two ahead of what you intend to text, but now we're predicting whole sentences and even paragraphs which make sense within a context. ChatGPT means that one can generate whole sections of text which will likely make some sense.
Sadly, as we know from our T9 experience, this massive jump in predictability doesn't mean that ChatGPT or other predictive artificial intelligence tools are "magically" correct! In fact, quite often they're wrong or will predict nonsense, a phenomenon known as AI hallucination. Just as with T9, we need to take even more time and effort to not only spell check the outputs from the machine, but now we may need to check for the appropriateness of style as well as factual substance!
The bigger near-term problem is one of human understanding and human communication. While the machine may appear to magically communicate (often on our behalf if we're publishing it's words under our names), is it relaying actual meaning? Is the other person reading these words understanding what was meant to have been communicated? Do the words create knowledge? Insight?
We need to recall that Claude Shannon specifically carved semantics and meaning out of the picture in the second paragraph of his seminal paper:
Frequently the messages have meaning; that is they refer to or are correlated according to some system with certain physical or conceptual entities. These semantic aspects of communication are irrelevant to the engineering problem.
So far ChatGPT seems to be accomplishing magic by solving a small part of an engineering problem by being able to explore the adjacent possible. It is far from solving the human semantic problem much less the un-adjacent possibilities (potentially representing wisdom or insight), and we need to take care to be aware of that portion of the unsolved problem. Generative AIs are also just choosing weighted probabilities and spitting out something which is prone to seem possible, but they're not optimizing for which of many potential probabilities is the "best" or the "correct" one. For that, we still need our humanity and faculties for decision making.
Shannon, Claude E. A Mathematical Theory of Communication. Bell System Technical Journal, 1948.
Shannon, Claude E., and Warren Weaver. The Mathematical Theory of Communication. University of Illinois Press, 1949.
Pierce, John Robinson. An Introduction to Information Theory: Symbols, Signals and Noise. Second, Revised. Dover Books on Mathematics. 1961. Reprint, Mineola, N.Y: Dover Publications, Inc., 1980. https://www.amazon.com/Introduction-Information-Theory-Symbols-Mathematics/dp/0486240614.
Shannon, Claude Elwood. “The Bandwagon.” IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 2, no. 1 (March 1956): 3. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIT.1956.1056774.
We may also need to explore The Bandwagon, an early effect which Shannon noticed and commented upon. Everyone seems to be piling on the AI bandwagon right now...
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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In finance, the greater fool theory suggests that one can sometimes make money through the purchase of overvalued assets — items with a purchase price drastically exceeding the intrinsic value — if those assets can later be resold at an even higher price.
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www.stes-apes.med.ulg.ac.be www.stes-apes.med.ulg.ac.be
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Craig, R. T. (1999). Communication Theory as a Field. Communication Theory, 119-161
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journals.sagepub.com journals.sagepub.com
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Aguinis, H. and Matthew A. Cronin. (2022). "It's the Theory, Stupid." Organizational Psychology Review Online First. https://doi.org/10.1177/20413866221080629
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the number one and most important reason why research is meaningful and makes a useful and valuable contribution is theory.
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(1) Why is theory so critical and for whom? (2) What does a good theory look like? (3) What does it mean to have too much or too many theories? (4) When don’t we need a theory? (5) How does falsification work with theory? and (6) Is good theory compatible with current publication pressures?
This is six question to understand the state of art of a theory
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It's the theory, stupid.
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Steven M. Shugan. (2007). Editorial: It's the Findings, Stupid, Not the Assumptions. Marketing Science, Vol. 26, No. 4 (Jul. - Aug., 2007), pp. 449-459 https://www.jstor.org/stable/40057174
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web.mit.edu web.mit.edu
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A good theory explains, predicts, and delights!
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Sutton and Staw (1995) enlist parts of an article that are not theory that are: references, data, list of variables or constructs, diagrams, hypotheses or prediction (p. 372-377):
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Sutton, Robert I; Staw, Barry M. (1995). What Theory is Not. Administrative Science Quarterly; Sep 1995; 40, 3; ABI/INFORM Global pg. 371 Retrieved from https://web.mit.edu/curhan/www/docs/Articles/15341_Readings/Doctoral_Resources/Sutton_Staw_What%20theory%20is%20not.pdf
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philarchive.org philarchive.org
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published article can be cited as below:
Sacha Golob (2019) A New Theory of Stupidity, International Journal of Philosophical Studies, 27:4, 562-580, DOI: 10.1080/09672559.2019.1632372
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category theory + zettelkasten... hmmm... feels a bit like Leibniz chasing a universal language
what is a zettelkasten monad?
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link.springer.com link.springer.com
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While the proximate mechanisms of these anthropogenic changes are well studied (e.g., climate change, biodiversity loss, population growth), the evolutionary causality of these anthropogenic changes have been largely ignored.
- for: climate change - evolutionary causes, cultural evolution - unsustainability, unsustainability
- definition: Anthroecological theory (AET)
- This theory proposes that the ultimate cause of anthropogenic environmental change is multi-level selection for niche construction and ecosystem engineering
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Anthroecological theory (AET) hypothesizes that human social and cultural evolution is the ultimate cause of the ecological crises currently damaging earth systems
- for: AET, Anthroecological theory, anthropocene - causes, ecological crisis - roots, overshoot
- paraphrase
- Anthroecological theory (AET) hypothesizes that
- human social and cultural evolution is the ultimate cause of the ecological crises currently damaging earth systems
- Anthroecological theory (AET) hypothesizes that
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for: gene culture coevolution, carrying capacity, unsustainability, overshoot, cultural evolution, progress trap
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Title: The genetic and cultural evolution of unsustainability
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Author: Brian F. Snyder
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Abstract
- Summary
- Paraphrase
- Anthropogenic changes are accelerating and threaten the future of life on earth.
- While the proximate mechanisms of these anthropogenic changes are well studied
- climate change,
- biodiversity loss,
- population growth
- the evolutionary causality of these anthropogenic changes have been largely ignored.
- Anthroecological theory (AET) proposes that the ultimate cause of anthropogenic environmental change is
- multi-level selection for niche construction and ecosystem engineering.
- Here, we integrate this theory with
- Lotka’s Maximum Power Principle
- and propose a model linking
- energy extraction from the environment with
- genetic, technological and cultural evolution
- to increase human ecosystem carrying capacity.
- Carrying capacity is partially determined by energetic factors such as
- the net energy a population can acquire from its environment and
- the efficiency of conversion from energy input to offspring output.
- These factors are under Darwinian genetic selection
- in all species,
- but in humans, they are also determined by
- technology and
- culture.
- If there is genetic or non-genetic heritable variation in
- the ability of an individual or social group
- to increase its carrying capacity,
- then we hypothesize that - selection or cultural evolution will act - to increase carrying capacity.
- Furthermore, if this evolution of carrying capacity occurs
- faster than the biotic components of the ecological system can respond via their own evolution,
- then we hypothesize that unsustainable ecological changes will result.
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Tags
- AET
- cultural evolution
- Anthroecological theory
- cumulative cultural evolution
- Brian F Snyder
- evolution of our polycrisis
- quote - climate change - evolutionary cause
- progress trap - cultural evolution
- human niche construction
- quote - evolutionary causes of climate crisis
- overshoot
- gene-culture coevolution
- unsustainability
- niche construction
- The genetic and cultural evolution of unsustainability
- conscious cumulative cultural evolution
- cultural evolution - unsustainability
- evolution of the anthropocene
- evolution of polycrisis
- progress trap
Annotators
URL
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www.google.com www.google.com
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"in his youth he was full of vim and vigor"
Do calcified words eventually cease to have any definition over time? That is they have a stand alone definition, then a definition within their calcified phrase, then they cease to have any stand alone definition at all though they continue existence only in those calcified phrases.
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hub.jhu.edu hub.jhu.edu
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In the ensuing decades, mathematicians began working with this new thing, the category, and this new idea, equivalence. In so doing they created a revolutionary new approach to mathematics, category theory, that many see as supplanting set theory. Imagine if writers had spent 150 years representing the world only through basic description: This is a red ball. That is a 60-foot tree. This is a dog. Then one day someone discovers metaphor. Suddenly, our ability to find new ways to represent the world explodes, as does our knowledge of writing as a discipline.
I love the idea here of analogizing the abstract nature of category theory in math with the abstract nature of metaphor in writing!
Good job Dale Keiger!
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https://hub.jhu.edu/magazine/2021/winter/emily-riehl-category-theory/
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"If mathematics is the science of analogy, the study of patterns, then category theory is the study of patterns of mathematical thought."
original source?
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- Jul 2023
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docdrop.org docdrop.orgUntitled2
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Chord/Scale Theory.
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Author's Note
https://docdrop.org/pdf/copy-k4dkk_ocr.pdf/?src=ocr The Jazz Theory Book (few pages deleted to get it under 100MB or ocr) Levine, M 1995
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www.newyorker.com www.newyorker.com
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Pevear, especially, has read some of the theory about translation: Walter Benjamin, José Ortega y Gasset, Roman Jakobson, and, of course, Nabokov.
Some authors who have written about translations.
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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There are two ways of establishing a chord–scale relationship for ii 7 –V 7 or ii≤57–V 7progressions: either select a mode that works for V7 or select a mode that works for ii7or (ii≤57). As shown in Figure 18.4, mm. 2–4 feature a descending sequence of incompleteII–Vs connecting the tonic on I with the predominant on IV. Each II–V progressionestablishes a chord–scale relationship with the corresponding dominant 7th. Notice that,in m. 2, the use of Mixolydian ≤13 fits the underlying context much better than the diatonicMixolydian mode. The tonic note F4 functions as the ≤13th of Mixolydian ≤13 and isretained as a common tone in mm. 1–2. The second A section (mm. 9–16) demonstratesa different approach to chord–scale theory. The selection of modes for the II–V pro-gression in Figure 18.4 is based on the quality of the predominant chord. Thus, inm. 10, Emin7(≤5)–A7 uses E Locrian, while in m. 11, Dmin7–G7 establishes a chord–scalerelationship with D Dorian, etc
The bridge of “Confirmation” (mm. 17–24) features two four-bar phrases with ii7 –V7 tonicizations of the IV and ≤VI key areas. The chord–scale relationship for the bridge in Figure 18.4 includes a different selection of modes: Dorian, Mixolydian, and Ionian for Cmin7–F7–B≤Maj7, and Dorian, Altered, and Lydian for E≤min7–A≤7–D≤Maj7. Tonal and contextual considerations are particularly evident with the choice of Altered mode in m. 22, which accommodates notes from the tonic key and prepares the arrival of FMaj7 in m. 25. The last A section (mm. 25–32) features a much bolder selection of modes. The choices of A Altered in m. 26 and F Locrian in m. 28 are particularly poignant. The former injects chromatic notes into the structure of dominant 7th chord. The choice of F Locrian over Cmin7–F7 in m. 28 might seem out of place because neither chord (at least not in the present form) establishes a convincing relationship with this mode. But, the F Locrian mode forms a chord–scale relationship with F7(≤9≥9)sus, which is an effective harmonic substitution for Cmin7–F7. While the selection of modes in Figure 18.4 is overcrowded with different options, an improvisation may focus on only a few modes. In fact, each A section contains a selection of modes that could be implemented in the course of an entire solo. In establishing a successful chord–scale relationship for the tune, be mindful of three important con- siderations: (1) modal hierarchy, (2) chromatic treatment, and (3) voice leading. Chromatic modes, for instance, contain notes that might need preparation. This preparation usually takes place anywhere from one beat to one measure before the chromatic notes occur. The succession of modes in mm. 5–6—B≤ Mixolydian and D Mixolydian ≤13—illustrates such a case. The latter mode contains the chromatic ≤13th that was introduced as ≤7th of B≤7 in m. 5. “CONFIRMATION” 239
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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For any action, habit, and belief you have, ask yourself: "Does this help toward my goals and future self or not?", if the answer is no, it is a distraction and part of the 80% you need to let go in order to reach 10X
Your future self and 10X (or 100X) vision and goals serve as a massive filter for action and belief.
Note: You should not 10X everything! Just 3 priorities.
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What is the game you want to play? What is the game you could play? What is a game you could go all in on and succeed at and be really good at?
This defines your pathways and strategies within your 20%
The path can change and adjust over time.
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To achieve goals, raise the floor, FOCUS on removing bottlenecks. Also create constraints by Schwerpunkt (primary objective), contrary to common wisdom, constraint actually gives freedom, it prevents analysis paralysis.
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- Jun 2023
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docdrop.org docdrop.orgJazz Theory12
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An Alternate Chord–Scale Relationship for the A Section
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The A Section: A Two-Scale Approach
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A Single-Scale ApproachThe chord structure of the A sections of rhythm changes can be reduced to the fundamentalframework shown in Figure 19.5.While mm. 1–4 of any A section feature a tonic prolongation, mm. 5–8 are morecomplicated even at the background level. For instance, the predominant in mm. 6, 14,and 30 can take the form of major 7th or dominant 7th chords. Also, the tonally closed256 INTERMEDIATEFIGURE 19.5 Fundamental Harmonic Frameworks
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FIGURE 19.6 A Basic Chord–Scale Relationship for the A Section
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any melodic line can be represented by a chord and/or harmonicprogression and, conversely, any chord or harmonic progression can be horizontalizedwith a melodic line
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Chapter 18 provides an analysis of Charlie Parker’s “Confirmation” as a representativecomposition from the Bebop Era. It offers a transcription of the solo by the pianist HankJone
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The progression shown in Figure 9.9 exemplifies the structure of a minor blues.4The chord structure of the minor blues is characterized by the presence of traditionaltonal progressions. For instance, the tonicization of iv in m. 4 uses a secondary dominant7th, V7/iv, and the motion to V 7 in m. 10 is prepared by the ≤VI7 chord. This particularpreparation of the dominant 7th, ≤VI7–V7, is one of the harmonic trademarks of the minorblues.
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Figure 9.8 establishes a couple of chord–scale relationships for the basic blues progressionin the key of B≤. Figure 9.8a uses major and minor blues scales and Figure 9.8b combinesblues scales and modes
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Chapter 9 discusses the most important form in jazz, the blues, examines the structureof the blues scale, and provides chord–scale relationships for the basic and minor bluesprogressions
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The intermediary category contains three modes: Dorian, Locrian, and Locrian Ω2
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Chapter 8 establishes a relationship between the vertical and horizontal dimensions injazz. The diatonic and chromatic modes are revisited, and chord–scale relationships withfour-, five-part chords, and the II–V–I progressions are established.
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Jazz Theory: From Basic to Advanced Study
https://docdrop.org/pdf/Terefenko---2014---JazzTheory-1ed-2--x7zx4.pdf/
Jazz Theory: From Basic to Advanced Study Terefenko, D. 2014
Tags
- harmony
- blues
- bebop
- rhythm
- chord-scale-theory
- blues-progression
- scales-blues
- 5-part-chords
- quote-chord-scale-theory
- chord-scale-theory-single-scale-over-multiple-chords
- jazz-theory
- confirmation
- chord-scale-theory-harmonic-reduction
- intermediary-category
- source:terefenko
- chord-categories
- scales-blues-minor
- melody
- jse-har-chord-scale-theory-multiple-scales-over-multiple-chords
- form
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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Diminished Scales and Harmony
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Like the diminished chord, the diminished scale is symmetrical, an eight-note (octotonic)collection of alternating whole and half steps, or half and whole steps.21 As Stefan Koskastates, “The octotonic scale is a rich source of melodic and harmonic material. It containsall of the intervals, from minor 2nd up to major 7th. All of the tertian triads except for theaugmented triad can be extracted from this scale, as can four of the five common 7th-chord types (the major-7 th cannot). 22Diminished scales and patterns derived from them are now part of modern jazzharmonic vocabulary and are used primarily to complement altered dominant chords. Forexample, a half-whole diminished scale over a G7 chord will include most of thecommon extensions and alterations: 9, 11, and 13
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Another common hybrid scale, thediminished-whole tone, is usually implied by the “alt” chord symbol. This scale includesa 9, both major and minor thirds (also referred to as a 9), and a 5. It starts out like ahalf-whole diminished scale and ends like a whole-tone scale. A diminished-whole tonescale in C would be C, D, E, E, G, A, B
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Diminished Scales and Harmony
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musictheory.pugetsound.edu musictheory.pugetsound.edu
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Count Basie and His Orchestra, “London Bridge is Falling Down”
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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JAZZ COMPOSITION
https://docdrop.org/pdf/Pease---2003---BERKLEE-PRESS-JAZZ-COMPOSITION-3ot0m.pdf/
JAZZ COMPOSITION - Theory and Practice Pease, T. 2003
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www.alignmentforum.org www.alignmentforum.org
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An article recommended to me by Dalton V. that he thought I'd enjoy and appreciate. Looks like AlignmentForum is one of those "online Rationalist communities" (like LessWrong, SlateStarCodex, etc.).
The blog post "The Waluigi Effect" by Cleo Nardo touches on a variety of interesting topics:
- the Waluigi effect
- Simulator Theory
- Derrida's "there is no outside text"
- RLHF (Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback) and potential limits
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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Apollo represents harmony, progress, clarity, logic and the principle of individuation, whereas Dionysus represents disorder, intoxication, emotion, ecstasy and unity (hence the omission of the principle of individuation). Nietzsche used these two forces because, for him, the world of mind and order on one side, and passion and chaos on the other, formed principles that were fundamental to the Greek culture:[3][4] the Apollonian a dreaming state, full of illusions; and Dionysian a state of intoxication, representing the liberations of instinct and dissolution of boundaries. In this mould, a man appears as the satyr
Apollo as representing order, clarity, a dream-state of life, an illusion.
Dionysus, on the other hand, represent chaos, and the dissolution of this dream.
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stackoverflow.com stackoverflow.com
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it still strikes me as something people believe in the abstract, rather than know from hard experience. I've always found that if you look behind/under widely held beliefs, you can find useful gems.
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Python essentially doesn't have private methods, let alone protected ones, and it doesn't turn out to be that big a deal in practice.
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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CHORD-SCALE THEORY
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docdrop.org docdrop.orgUntitled4
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Notation and Labeling of Chord Scales
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How Tensions Affect Chord Scales
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How Melody Affects Chord Scales
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Chord Scale Theory
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www.nytimes.com www.nytimes.com
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Unlike many developed countries, the United States lacks a national curriculum or teacher-training standards. Local policies change constantly, as governors, school boards, mayors and superintendents flow in and out of jobs.
Many developed countries have national curricula and specific teacher-training standards, but the United States does not. Instead decisions on curricular and standards are created and enforced at the state and local levels, often by politically elected figures including governors, mayors, superintendents, and school boards.
This leaves early education in the United States open to a much greater sway of political influence. This can be seen in examples of Texas attempting to legislate the display the ten commandments in school classrooms in 2023, reading science being neglected in the adoption of Culkins' Units of Study curriculum, and other footballs like the supposed suppression of critical race theory in right leaning states.
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musictheory.pugetsound.edu musictheory.pugetsound.edu
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List of Chord-Scale Relationships
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How to Determine Chord-Scale Relationships
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musictheory.pugetsound.edu musictheory.pugetsound.edu
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Chapter 31 Introduction to Jazz Theory
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docdrop.org docdrop.orgJazz1
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MELODY, SCALES, AND MODES
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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hord/scale relationship scale relationship
https://docdrop.org/pdf/Bishop---2012---A-permutational-triadic-approach-to-jazz-har-o66aj.pdf/
A permutational triadic approach to jazz harmony and the chord/scale relationship scale relationship Bishop, J 2012
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docdrop.org docdrop.orgUntitled1
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Pentatonic Seades
https://docdrop.org/pdf/Bergonzi---1993---Vol.-3---Pentatonics-3cdiv_ocr-3vn2u.pdf/
Pentatonics (Vol 2) Bergonzi, J 1993
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- May 2023
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www.nicksantalucia.com www.nicksantalucia.com
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Hyper-zettelkastenStudents stick all of their zettels on the walls with sticky tack or tape (be sure students initial or mark their zettels before doing this).Then, students walk around the room and search for connections and create original ideas using those connections.Students physically attach those zettels with string (like a conspiracy theorist would) and stick a zettel on the string explaining the connection.
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Local file Local file
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HARMONY& VOICELEADING
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www.dropbox.com www.dropbox.com
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HARMONY& VOICELEADING
V5 2018
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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Jazz Theory
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Local file Local file
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OPEN MUSIC THEORY
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Local file Local file
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Music Theory for the 21st-CenturyClassroom
2022
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www.researchgate.net www.researchgate.net
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unity of science
process:explaining higher-level scientific phenomena science in theories through the entities and theories from the more fundamental science.
This lower the level the more material and less constructed the science. (Which makes physics actually one level, according to Bechter and Hamilton (2007))
also: theory of reduction
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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However, it's difficult to rely on a case-sensitive email address in the real world because many systems (typically ones that have to handle data merging) don't preserve case. Notably systems that use email addresses for user IDs, or any system that has to collate data from multiple sources (CRMs, email broadcast systems, etc) will either normalise case or treat them case-insensitively.
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However, for all practical purposes in the modern age, I believe you can consider email addresses to be case insensitive.
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softwareengineering.stackexchange.com softwareengineering.stackexchange.com
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a SHOULD is always trumped in RFCs by a MUST. The fact that hosts SHOULD do something means that they might not and I just wanted reassurance that, in reality, the SHOULD is a bit more widely adopted than its definition implies.
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In short, while it’s technically possible to make the part before @ case sensitive, most popular email servers do not allow that.
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ux.stackexchange.com ux.stackexchange.com
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The de facto standard is to treat local mailboxes as case insensitive, but the official standard says case matters (though even the official standard mentions the de facto standard).
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stackoverflow.com stackoverflow.com
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So yes, the part before the "@" could be case-sensitive, since it is entirely under the control of the host system. In practice though, no widely used mail systems distinguish different addresses based on case.
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.comYouTube1
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https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLEmb0zMfRdvmSH2bO9UA95DSaHHSapZl2
YouTube playlist of five lessons of music theory using Dean Vaughn's so-called "Vaughn Cube".
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URL
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forum.artofmemory.com forum.artofmemory.com
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https://forum.artofmemory.com/t/anyone-here-who-has-experience-with-the-vaughn-cube/41484
Dean Vaughn has a series of music theory videos from 2007 that utilizes what he calls a Vaughn cube which on first blush appears to be a standard numbered room as used in the method of loci.
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forum.artofmemory.com forum.artofmemory.com
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They are efficiency and effectiveness. For memory systems, an effective system is one that gets the right answer every time no matter how long it takes you. And the efficient system is one that uses the least amount of resources like time, associations, dependent systems, etc. but it may not be that good at providing the correct answers.
Efficiency and effectiveness measures for specific mnemonic systems may vary from person to person, so one should consider them with respect to their own practices. There may not be a single "right" or "correct" practice universally, but there could be one for everyone individually based on their own choices or preferences.
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oeis.org oeis.org
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Related to this note:
Haris Neophytou wants to apply a "primality sieve" (namely the sieve of Eratosthenes) to this list. I think it's so he can construct the primes that divide the order of the monster group \(M\)
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oeis.org oeis.org
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Trying to follow an argument given here: https://youtu.be/mFZs7uGwNBo?t=3413
The sequence A002267 is claimed by Haris Neophytou to be the 1st 15 "super singular prime numbers" (ie, the primes that divides the order of the Monster Group). The order is the number of elements in the group.
Note that the last 3 elements [47, 59, 71] multiply to give the number of dimensions in which the Monster group exists: 196,883.
Neophytou believes A002267 gives a different way of looking at the monster group \(M\).
Around 1:02:45, Neophytou says he'll start from A002822...
(a list of numbers, \(m\text{,}\) such that \(6m - 1\) and \(6m + 1\) are twin primes)
... and construct "the minimal order of the monster" (what?)
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human beings need to learn how to die and that in refusing to do so we have become so dislocated so isolated from ourselves from our environment we are causing our own death and the death of 00:02:38 the very many species we share this planet with
- This is a very broad and sweeping statement.
- While I agree with it,
- what does "learning how to die" exactly mean?
- unless we know in details, we won't have an actionable strategy
- While I agree with it,
- This is a very broad and sweeping statement.
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Sheldon Solomon on the connection between the denial of death and the Anthropocene
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www.mendeley.com www.mendeley.com
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Chord–Scale Theory
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Chord–Scale Theory
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www.thejazzpianosite.com www.thejazzpianosite.com
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Modern Jazz Theory
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musictheory.pugetsound.edu musictheory.pugetsound.edu
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Chapter 31 Introduction to Jazz Theory
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viva.pressbooks.pub viva.pressbooks.pubVI. Jazz1
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viva.pressbooks.pub viva.pressbooks.pub
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OPEN MUSIC THEORY
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musictheory.pugetsound.edu musictheory.pugetsound.edu
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Music Theory for the 21st-Century Classroom
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www.mendeley.com www.mendeley.com
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viva.pressbooks.pub viva.pressbooks.pub
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Chord-Scale Theory
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www.thejazzpianosite.com www.thejazzpianosite.com
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Jazz Scales
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stackoverflow.com stackoverflow.com
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Entropy is not a property of the string you got, but of the strings you could have obtained instead. In other words, it qualifies the process by which the string was generated.
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www.quantamagazine.org www.quantamagazine.org
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offers a way to discover the contingent histories of objects — an issue ignored by most theories of complexity, which tend to focus on the way things are but not how they got to be that way.
- in other words
- we could make a claim that we could extrapolate (intrapolate?) evolution to apply to abiotic, physical phenomena.
- in other words
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it seeks that explanation not, in the usual manner of physics, in timeless physical laws, but in a process that imbues objects with histories and memories of what came before them.
- In Other Words
- it factors in time and history a key variables in explaining how biota emerges from abiota
- In Other Words
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Assembly theory
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- Apr 2023
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forum.zettelkasten.de forum.zettelkasten.de
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[Zettel feedback] Functor (Yeah, just that)
reply to ctietze at https://forum.zettelkasten.de/discussion/2560/zettel-feedback-functor-yeah-just-that#latest
Kudos on tackling the subject area, especially on your own. I know from experience it's not as straightforward as it could/should be. I'll refrain from monkeying with the perspective/framing you're coming from with overly dense specifics. As an abstract mathematician I'd break this up into smaller pieces, but for your programming perspective, I can appreciate why you don't.
If you want to delve more deeply into the category theory space but without a graduate level understanding of multiple various areas of abstract mathematics, I'd recommend the following two books which come at the mathematics from a mathematician's viewpoint, but are reasonably easy/intuitive enough for a generalist or a non-mathematician coming at things from a programming perspective (particularly compared to most of the rest of what's on the market):
- Ash, Robert B. A Primer of Abstract Mathematics. 1st ed. Classroom Resource Materials. Washington, D.C.: The Mathematical Association of America, 1998.
- primarily chapter 1, but the rest of the book is a great primer/bridge to higher abstract math in general)
- Spivak, David I. Category Theory for the Sciences. MIT Press, 2014.
- Spivak had a free draft prepublication version at https://arxiv.org/abs/1302.6946; There's also an open courseware version of his MIT course with a free .pdf textbook (with a 2013 date, but ostensibly a copy of the final published version from 2014) at https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/18-s996-category-theory-for-scientists-spring-2013/
You'll have to dig around a bit more for them (his website, Twitter threads, etc.), but John Carlos Baez is an excellent expositor of some basic pieces of category theory.
For an interesting framing from a completely non-technical perspective/conceptualization, a friend of mine wrote this short article on category theorist Emily Riehl which may help those approaching the area for the first time: https://hub.jhu.edu/magazine/2021/winter/emily-riehl-category-theory/?ref=dalekeiger.net
One of the things which makes Category Theory difficult for many is that to have multiple, practical/workable (homework or in-book) examples to toy with requires having a reasonably strong grasp of 3-4 or more other areas of mathematics at the graduate level. When reading category theory books, you need to develop the ability to (for example) focus on the algebra examples you might understand while skipping over the analysis, topology, or Lie groups examples you don't (yet) have the experience to plow through. Giving yourself explicit permission to skip the examples you have no clue about will help you get much further much faster.
I haven't maintained it since, but here's a site where I aggregated some category theory resources back in 2015 for some related work I was doing at the time: https://cat.boffosocko.com/course-resources/ I was aiming for basic/beginner resources, but there are likely to be some highly technical ones interspersed as well.
- Ash, Robert B. A Primer of Abstract Mathematics. 1st ed. Classroom Resource Materials. Washington, D.C.: The Mathematical Association of America, 1998.
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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the entropy of a random variable is the average level of "information", "surprise", or "uncertainty" inherent to the variable's possible outcomes
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www.popularmechanics.com www.popularmechanics.com
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Only small tidbits of math remain unresolved for Rubik’s Cube. While God’s number is 20, it’s unknown exactly how many of the 43,252,003,274,489,856,000 combinations require a whole 20 moves to be solved.
We've got solutions for the number of configurations there are to solve a Rubic's cube with from 1 move up to 15, but we don't know how many cube configurations there are that can be solved with 16-20 moves.
- Example: the number of positions that require exactly one move solve them is 18, which is counted by multiplying the six faces and each of the three ways they can be twisted.
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www.nytimes.com www.nytimes.com
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In Vice, Maggie Puniewska points to the moral foundations theory, according to which liberals and conservatives prioritize different ethics: the former compassion, fairness and liberty, the latter purity, loyalty and obedience to authority.
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bartoszmilewski.com bartoszmilewski.com
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Here we have extended this model to a slightly different category, a category where morphisms are represented by embellished functions, and their composition does more than just pass the output of one function to the input of another. We have one more degree of freedom to play with: the composition itself. It turns out that this is exactly the degree of freedom which makes it possible to give simple denotational semantics to programs that in imperative languages are traditionally implemented using side effects.
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For our limited purposes, a Kleisli category has, as objects, the types of the underlying programming language. Morphisms from type A to type B are functions that go from A to a type derived from B using the particular embellishment. Each Kleisli category defines its own way of composing such morphisms, as well as the identity morphisms with respect to that composition.
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zettelkasten.de zettelkasten.de
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Similarly, you must give up the assumption that there are privileged places, notes of special and knowledge-ensuring quality. Each note is just an element that gets its value from being a part of a network of references and cross-references in the system. A note that is not connected to this network will get lost in the Zettelkasten, and will be forgotten by the Zettelkasten.
This section is almost exactly the same as Umberto Eco's description of a slip box practice:
No piece of information is superior to any other. Power lies in having them all on file and then finding the connections. There are always connections; you have only to want to find them. -- Umberto Eco. Foucault's Pendulum
See: https://hypothes.is/a/jqug2tNlEeyg2JfEczmepw
Interestingly, these structures map reasonably well onto Paul Baran's work from 1964:
The subject heading based filing system looks and functions a lot like a centralized system where the center (on a per topic basis) is the subject heading or topical category and the notes related to that section are filed within it. Luhmann's zettelkasten has the feel of a mixture of the decentralized and distributed graphs, but each sub-portion has its own topology. The index is decentralized in nature, while the bibliographical section/notes are all somewhat centralized in form.
Cross reference:<br /> Baran, Paul. “On Distributed Communications: I. Introduction to Distributed Communications Networks.” Research Memoranda. Santa Monica, California: RAND Corporation, August 1964. https://doi.org/10.7249/RM3420.
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forum.zettelkasten.de forum.zettelkasten.de
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There is no real difference if you think about the boundaries between reading and notetaking. Moving the eyes over text: Sounds like reading. Highlighting key words while reading: Still sounds like reading. Jotting down keywords in the margins: Some writing, but still could count as reading. Writing tasks in the marings (e.g. "Should compare that to Buddhism"): Don't know. Reformulating key sections in your own words: Sounds like writing. But could be just the externalisation of what could be internal. Does make a difference if you stop and think about what you read or do it in written form?
Perhaps there is a model for reading and note taking/writing with respect to both learning and creating new knowledge that follows an inverse mapping in a way similar to that seen in Galois theory?
Explore this a bit to see what falls out.
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- Mar 2023
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pressbooks.online.ucf.edu pressbooks.online.ucf.edu
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Or, did you ever see a dog with a marrowbone in his mouth,—the beast of all other, says Plato, lib. 2, de Republica, the most philosophical? If you have seen him, you might have remarked with what devotion and circumspectness he wards and watcheth it: with what care he keeps it: how fervently he holds it: how prudently he gobbets it: with what affection he breaks it: and with what diligence he sucks it. To what end all this? What moveth him to take all these pains? What are the hopes of his labour? What doth he expect to reap thereby? Nothing but a little marrow
The description of this scene is insinuating on the importance of the little things which I believe is what the author was trying to convey when asking such questions to seeing a dog with a bone. He even refers to Plato at one point who was known as a philosophical speaker who was wise in such ideas. "Plato says that true and reliable knowledge rests only with those who can comprehend the true reality behind the world of everyday experience." (Macintosh) Platos theory of forms suggested that there is a different reality to everything for each person. That would insinuate that for a dog, that bone is big thing worth his time, while as humans, we see the dog with his bone and think "why bother?".
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web.archive.org web.archive.org
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Die schiere Menge sprengt die Möglichkeiten der Buchpublikation, die komplexe, vieldimensionale Struktur einer vernetzten Informationsbasis ist im Druck nicht nachzubilden, und schließlich fügt sich die Dynamik eines stetig wachsenden und auch stetig zu korrigierenden Materials nicht in den starren Rhythmus der Buchproduktion, in der jede erweiterte und korrigierte Neuauflage mit unübersehbarem Aufwand verbunden ist. Eine Buchpublikation könnte stets nur die Momentaufnahme einer solchen Datenbank, reduziert auf eine bestimmte Perspektive, bieten. Auch das kann hin und wieder sehr nützlich sein, aber dadurch wird das Problem der Publikation des Gesamtmaterials nicht gelöst.
Google translation:
The sheer quantity exceeds the possibilities of book publication, the complex, multidimensional structure of a networked information base cannot be reproduced in print, and finally the dynamic of a constantly growing and constantly correcting material does not fit into the rigid rhythm of book production, in which each expanded and corrected new edition is associated with an incalculable amount of effort. A book publication could only offer a snapshot of such a database, reduced to a specific perspective. This too can be very useful from time to time, but it does not solve the problem of publishing the entire material.
While the writing criticism of "dumping out one's zettelkasten" into a paper, journal article, chapter, book, etc. has been reasonably frequent in the 20th century, often as a means of attempting to create a linear book-bound context in a local neighborhood of ideas, are there other more complex networks of ideas which we're not communicating because they don't neatly fit into linear narrative forms? Is it possible that there is a non-linear form(s) based on network theory in which more complex ideas ought to better be embedded for understanding?
Some of Niklas Luhmann's writing may show some of this complexity and local or even regional circularity, but perhaps it's a necessary means of communication to get these ideas across as they can't be placed into linear forms.
One can analogize this to Lie groups and algebras in which our reading and thinking experiences are limited only to local regions which appear on smaller scales to be Euclidean, when, in fact, looking at larger portions of the region become dramatically non-Euclidean. How are we to appropriately relate these more complex ideas?
What are the second and third order effects of this phenomenon?
An example of this sort of non-linear examination can be seen in attempting to translate the complexity inherent in the Wb (Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache) into a simple, linear dictionary of the Egyptian language. While the simplicity can be handy on one level, the complexity of transforming the entirety of the complexity of the network of potential meanings is tremendously difficult.
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In looking at the uses of and similarities between Wb and TLL, I can't help but think that these two zettelkasten represented the state of the art for Large Language Models and some of the ideas behind ChatGPT
Tags
- media studies
- open questions
- dumping out one's zettelkasten
- Lie theory
- Thesaurus Linguae Latinae
- complex narratives
- information theory
- XX
- thinking outside of the box
- network theory
- local vs. global
- rhetoric
- insight
- card index as autobiography
- Lie groups
- zettelkasten
- linear narratives
- small local wastes in exchange for greater global efficiencies
- ChatGPT
- large language models
- zettelkasten complexity
- Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache
- thinking inside of the box
Annotators
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archive.org archive.org
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Watts, Charles J. The Cost of Production. Muskegon, MI: The Shaw-Walker Company, 1902. http://archive.org/details/costproduction01wattgoog.
Short book on managing manufacturing costs. Not too much of an advertisement for Shaw-Walker manufactured goods (files, file management, filing cabinets, etc.). Only 64 pages are the primary content and the balance (about half) are advertisements.
Given the publication date of 1902, this would have preceded the publication of System Magazine which began in 1903. This may have then been a prototype version of an early business magazine, but with a single author, no real editorial, and only one article.
Presumably it may also have served the marketing interests of Shaw-Walker as a marketing piece as well.
Tangentially, I'm a bit intrigued by the "Mr. Morse" mentioned on page 109 who is being touted as an in-house consultant for Shaw-Walker.... Is this the same Frank Morse who broke off to form the Browne-Morse Co.? (very likely)
see: see also: https://hypothes.is/a/Sp8s4sprEe24jitvkjkxzA for a snippet on Frank Morse.
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niklas-luhmann-archiv.de niklas-luhmann-archiv.de
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9/8b2 "Multiple storage" als Notwendigkeit derSpeicherung von komplexen (komplex auszu-wertenden) Informationen.
9/8b2 "Multiple storage" as a necessity of<br /> storage of complex (complex<br /> evaluating) information.
Fascinating to see the English phrase "multiple storage" pop up in Luhmann's ZKII section on Zettelkasten.
This note is undated, though being in ZKII likely occurred more than a decade after he'd started his practice. One must wonder where he pulled the source for the English phrase rather than using a German one? Does the idea appear in Heyde? It certainly would have been an emerging question within systems theory and potentially computer science ideas which Luhmann would have had access to.
- Link to https://hypothes.is/a/WtB2AqmlEe2wvCsB5ZyL5A on multiple storage affordances
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brill.com brill.com
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// - This article provides an intersectional study of: - climate change, - collective action research - terror management theory / mortality salience - it explains the beneficial impacts of non-rational relational ontology and recommends the use of ritual practices based on this as a way to promote pro-environmental behavior
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There is reason to think that the effects of mortality salience are different in relational ontology. Contemporary Heathens are a particular sort of hybrid in living in modern society and emerging out of individualized ontologies, but forming incipient gift economies and expressing what I term a “gift ethic,” with an appreciation for what we receive from others, and desire to give in turn, sustaining social ecological systems as distributed networks of adaptive relations.
- key observation
- key insight
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Talking about climate change makes us aware of the fact that we are going to die, and social psychological research in the area known as “terror management theory” finds that this mortality salience prompts psychologically defensive strategies that are significantly counterproductive to environmentalism. However, rituals of giving thanks and the felt experience of gratitude they engender through tacit learning may be effective in generating pro-environmental behaviour.
// in other words - mortality salience alone is counter-productive - it triggers psychological defense strategies. - it must be accompanied by expressions of gratitude to be effective and transformative
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Abstract
// abstract - summary - Rationalist approaches to environmental problems such as climate change - apply an information deficit model, - assuming that if people understand what needs to be done they will act rationally. - However, applying a knowledge deficit hypothesis often fails to recognize unconscious motivations revealed by: - social psychology, - cognitive science, - behavioral economics.
- Applying ecosystems science, data collection, economic incentives, and public education are necessary for solving problems such as climate change, but they are not sufficient.
- Climate change discourse makes us aware of our mortality
- This prompts consumerism as a social psychological defensive strategy,
- which is counterproductive to pro-environmental behavior.
- Studies in terror management theory, applied to the study of ritual and ecological conscience formation,
- suggest that ritual expressions of giving thanks can have significant social psychological effects in relation to overconsumption driving climate change.
- Primary data gathering informing this work included participant observation and interviews with contemporary Heathens in Canada from 2018–2019.
Tags
- non-rational
- gratitutde
- knowledge deficit model
- sustainable consumerism
- individualized ontology
- terror management theory
- overconsumption
- ritual practices
- Ernest Becker
- consumerism
- relational ontology
- mortality salience
- climate change
- pro-environmental behavior
- information deficit model
- collective action
Annotators
URL
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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Arch Wilkinson Shaw<br /> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arch_Wilkinson_Shaw
- Founder of Shaw-Walker with Louis C. Walker,
- publisher of System: The Magazine of Business which was sold to McGraw-Hill Company in 1927/8 and renamed Business Week which was later renamed Bloomberg Business Week.
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But 150 alone doesn’t tell the whole story. Other numbers are nested within the social brain hypothesis too. According to the theory, the tightest circle has just five people – loved ones. That’s followed by successive layers of 15 (good friends), 50 (friends), 150 (meaningful contacts), 500 (acquaintances) and 1500 (people you can recognise). People migrate in and out of these layers, but the idea is that space has to be carved out for any new entrants.
- Paraphrase
- 150 alone doesn’t tell the whole story.
- Other range numbers are nested within the social brain hypothesis.
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curiously, Dunbar recognized they were all multiples of 5.
- the tightest circle has just 5 people (loved ones).
- 15 (good friends),
- 50 (friends),
- 150 (meaningful contacts),
- 500 (acquaintances) and
- 1500 (people you can recognise).
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People migrate in and out of these layers,
- but that space has to be carved out for any new entrants.
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zettelkasten.de zettelkasten.de
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A Zettelkasten is a system of notes that fit the criteria of being a system. Being alive vs. being a machine is a good metaphor to understand the difference. A Zettelkasten is alive, a conventional note taking system is a machine.
I'm not the only one to think of zettelkasten as "living"...
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- Feb 2023
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forum.zettelkasten.de forum.zettelkasten.de
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fz is less about the tree (though that is important) and more about the UX.
I do like the framing of folgezettel as a benefit with respect to user experience.
There is a lot of mention of the idea of trees within the note taking and zettelkasten space, but we really ought to be looking more closely at other living systems models like rhizomes and things which have a network-like structure.
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bartoszmilewski.com bartoszmilewski.com
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There is just one little nit for mathematicians to pick: morphisms don’t have to form a set. In the world of categories there are things larger than sets. A category in which morphisms between any two objects form a set is called locally small.
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It’s worth emphasizing that Haskell lets you express equality of functions, as in: mappend = (++) Conceptually, this is different than expressing the equality of values produced by functions, as in: mappend s1 s2 = (++) s1 s2 The former translates into equality of morphisms in the category Hask (or Set, if we ignore bottoms, which is the name for never-ending calculations). Such equations are not only more succinct, but can often be generalized to other categories. The latter is called extensional equality, and states the fact that for any two input strings, the outputs of mappend and (++) are the same. Since the values of arguments are sometimes called points (as in: the value of f at point x), this is called point-wise equality. Function equality without specifying the arguments is described as point-free. (Incidentally, point-free equations often involve composition of functions, which is symbolized by a point, so this might be a little confusing to the beginner.)
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Is composition associative? Check!
Associativity for
<=seems a bit weird to me; generally you want the value inside of()to be comparable outside; but(1 <= 2) <= 3would result inTrue <= 3. So I think the best way to think of associativity here is that it just does not apply, and the()can be dropped. -
Let’s characterize these ordered sets as categories. A preorder is a category where there is at most one morphism going from any object a to any object b. Another name for such a category is “thin.” A preorder is a thin category.
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A set of morphisms from object a to object b in a category C is called a hom-set and is written as C(a, b) (or, sometimes, HomC(a, b)). So every hom-set in a preorder is either empty or a singleton. That includes the hom-set C(a, a), the set of morphisms from a to a, which must be a singleton, containing only the identity, in any preorder. You may, however, have cycles in a preorder. Cycles are forbidden in a partial order.
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actor%E2%80%93network_theory
I ought to dig into some of Bruno Latour's work which keeps popping up in some of my reading....
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wordcraft-writers-workshop.appspot.com wordcraft-writers-workshop.appspot.com
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The application is powered by LaMDA, one of the latest generation of large language models. At its core, LaMDA is a simple machine — it's trained to predict the most likely next word given a textual prompt. But because the model is so large and has been trained on a massive amount of text, it's able to learn higher-level concepts.
Is LaMDA really able to "learn higher-level concepts" or is it just a large, straight-forward information theoretic-based prediction engine?
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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Chris, Chris... concepts and propositions are not nebulous dictionary definitions unless you're joining the Frankfurt School :) :).Click here to get some clarity about these basic terms as applied to learning: https://cmap.ihmc.us/docs/concept.phpAbout systems and emergence, I prefer Mario Bunge's book: https://www.amazon.com/Emergence-Convergence-Qualitative-Knowledge-Philosophy/dp/1442628219Irony? No way. You are always bringing new information about the historical roots of Zettelkasten. Keep doing that, please! Thanks!
reply to u/New-Investigator-623 at https://www.reddit.com/r/antinet/comments/10r6uwp/comment/j784srg/?utm_source=reddit&utm_medium=web2x&context=3
I meant nebulous for my initial purposes. They obviously have very concrete meanings in more specific contexts, though even there they can vary. I saw your other post on concept maps where I imagine they matter more; some of that reminds me about some of my initial explorations into category theory (math) a few years back. I'm curious what the overlap of those two looks like...
On systems, complexity, and emergence, I'm probably closer to the school of thought and applications coming out of the Santa Fe Institute. I'll have to look at Bunge's work there, I've only glanced at some of his math/physics work but never delved into his philosophical material.
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www.linkedin.com www.linkedin.com
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using theory of change to create a roadmap
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www.complexityexplorer.org www.complexityexplorer.org
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Rhetoric of encomium
How do institutions form around notions of merit?
Me: what about blurbs as evidence of implied social networks? Who blurbs whom? How are these invitations sent/received and by whom?
diachronic: how blurbs evolve over time
Signals, can blurbs predict: - the field of the work - gender - other
Emergence or decrease of signals with respect to time
Imitation of styles and choices. - how does this happen? contagion - I'm reminded of George Mathew Dutcher admonition:
Imitation to be avoided. Avoid the mannerisms and personal peculiarities of method or style of well-known writers, such as Carlyle or Macaulay. (see: https://hypothes.is/a/ROR3VCDEEe2sZNOy4rwRgQ )
Systematic studies of related words within corpora. (this idea should have a clever name) word2vec, word correlations, information theory
How does praise work?
metaphors within blurbs (eg: light, scintillating, brilliant, new lens, etc.)
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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Prof. Joseph Novak (Cornell) developed conceptual maps based on David Ausubel's subsumption (aka meaningful learning) theory and Piaget's concept of conceptual schemes. Conceptual maps have been proven successful across all levels of education worldwide (check Google Scholar).
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Principle (The Born rule). Given an observable O and two unit-norm states|ψ1〉 and |ψ2〉 that are eigenvectors of O with distinct eigenvalues λ1 and λ2O|ψ1〉 = λ1|ψ1〉, O|ψ2〉 = λ2|ψ2〉the complex linear combination statec1|ψ1〉 + c2|ψ2〉will not have a well-defined value for the observable O. If one attempts tomeasure this observable, one will get either λ1 or λ2, with probabilities|c21||c21| + |c22|and |c22||c21| + |c22|respectively.
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Weyl’s insight that quantization of a classical system crucially involves un-derstanding the Lie groups that act on the classical phase space and the uni-tary representations of these groups
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- Jan 2023
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www.edge.org www.edge.org
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Motoo Kimura, author of the book, The Neutral Theory of Molecular Evolution, published in 1983, more than a hundred years after Darwin's masterpiece.
!- Title : The Neutral Theory of Molecular Evolution, published in 1983 !- Author : Motoo Kimura
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After the discovery of the structure of DNA molecules by Crick and Watson in 1953, Kimura knew that genes are molecules, carrying genetic information in a simple code. His theory applied only to evolution driven by the statistical inheritance of molecules. He called it the Neutral Theory because it introduced Genetic Drift as a driving force of evolution independent of natural selection.
!- reason behind name of theory : independent of natural selection
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Sewall Wright, then 98 years old but still in full possession of his wits. He gave me a first-hand account of how he read Mendel's paper and decided to devote his life to understanding the consequences of Mendel's ideas. Wright understood that the inheritance of genes would cause a fundamental randomness in all evolutionary processes. The phenomenon of randomness in evolution was called Genetic Drift. Kimura came to Wisconsin to learn about Genetic Drift, and then returned to Japan. He built Genetic Drift into a mathematical theory which he called the Neutral Theory of Molecular Evolution.
!- Sewall Wright : genetic drift
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ncatlab.org ncatlab.org
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In particular Erwin Schrödinger is said (Wigner (1981)) to have spoken of the Gruppenpest (German for “plague of group theory”) which ought to be abandoned. In his autobiography John Slater, an MIT physicist, claimed: It was at this point that Wigner, Hund, Heitler, and Weyl entered the picture with their “Gruppenpest”: the pest of the group theory… The authors of the “Gruppenpest” wrote papers which were incomprehensible to those like me who had not studied group theory, in which they applied these theoretical results to the study of the many electron problem. The practical consequences appeared to be negligible, but everyone felt that to be in the mainstream one had to learn about it. Yet there were no good texts from which one could learn group theory. It was a frustrating experience, worthy of the name of a pest. I had what I can only describe as a feeling of outrage at the turn which the subject had taken… As soon as this [Slaters] paper became known, it was obvious that a great many other physicists were as disgusted as I had been with the group-theoretical approach to the problem. As I heard later, there were remarks made such as “Slater has slain the ‘Gruppenpest’”. I believe that no other piece of work I have done was so universally popular.
Gruppenpest, a word of German origin, which has also entered into English to mean "the plague of group theory" and group theorists (mathematicians) who were applying abstract algebra to physics and quantum mechanics in the mid-twentieth century.
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inference-review.com inference-review.com
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Woit, Peter. Quantum Theory, Groups and Representations: An Introduction. Revised and Expanded version [2022]. Springer, 2017. https://www.math.columbia.edu/~woit/QM/qmbook.pdf.
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hypothes.is hypothes.is假设1
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个人学习可能取决于他人行为的主张突出了将学习环境视为一个涉及多个互动参与者的系统的重要性
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Annotators
URL
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www.complexityexplorer.org www.complexityexplorer.org
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vZklLt80wqg
Looking at three broad ideas with examples of each to follow: - signals - patterns - pattern making, pattern breaking
Proceedings of the Old Bailey, 1674-1913
Jane Kent for witchcraft
250 years with ~200,000 trial transcripts
Can be viewed as: - storytelling, - history - information process of signals
All the best trials include the words "Covent Garden".
Example: 1163. Emma Smith and Corfe indictment for stealing.
19:45 Norbert Elias. The Civilizing Process. (book)
Prozhito: large-scale archive of Russian (and Soviet) diaries; 1900s - 2000s
How do people understand the act of diary-writing?
Diaries are:
Leo Tolstoy
a convenient way to evaluate the self
Franz Kafka
a means to see, with reassuring clarity [...] the changes which you constantly suffer.
Virginia Woolf'
a kindly blankfaced old confidante
Diary entries in five categories - spirit - routine - literary - material form (talking about the diary itself) - interpersonal (people sharing diaries)
Are there specific periods in which these emerge or how do they fluctuate? How would these change between and over cultures?
The pattern of talking about diaries in this study are relatively stable over the century.
pre-print available of DeDeo's work here
Pattern making, pattern breaking
Individuals, institutions, and innovation in the debates of the French Revolution
- transcripts of debates in the constituent assembly
the idea of revolution through tedium and boredom is fascinating.
speeches broken into combinations of patterns using topic modeling
(what would this look like on commonplace book and zettelkasten corpora?)
emergent patterns from one speech to the next (information theory) question of novelty - hi novelty versus low novelty as predictors of leaders and followers
Robespierre bringing in novel ideas
How do you differentiate Robespierre versus a Muppet (like Animal)? What is the level of following after novelty?
Four parts (2x2 grid) - high novelty, high imitation (novelty with ideas that stick) - high novelty, low imitation (new ideas ignored) - low novelty, high imitation - low novelty, low imitation (discussion killers)
Could one analyze television scripts over time to determine the good/bad, when they'll "jump the shark"?
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www.complexityexplorer.org www.complexityexplorer.org
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a common technique in natural language processing is to operationalize certain semantic concepts (e.g., "synonym") in terms of syntactic structure (two words that tend to occur nearby in a sentence are more likely to be synonyms, etc). This is what word2vec does.
Can I use some of these sorts of methods with respect to corpus linguistics over time to better identified calcified words or archaic phrases that stick with the language, but are heavily limited to narrower(ing) contexts?
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What it means to be a member of this or that class is a complex, interpretative matter; but tracking how many times a person has been to the opera is not. You can count the latter, and (the bargain goes) facts about those numbers may illuminate facts about the deeper concepts. For example, counting opera-going might be used to measure how immigrants move up the social class ladder across generations. Crucially, operationalization is not definition. A good operationalization does not redefine the concept of interest (it does not say "to be a member of the Russian intelligentsia is just to have gone to the opera at least once"). Rather, it makes an argument for why the concept, as best understood, may lead to certain measurable consequences, and why those measurements might provide a signal of the underlying concept.
This is a good example of the fuzzy sorts of boundaries created by adding probabilities to individuals and putting them into (equivalence) classes. They can provide distributions of likelihoods.
This expands on: https://hypothes.is/a/3FVi6JtXEe2Xwp_BIaCv5g
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Signal relationships are (usually) symmetric: if knowledge of X tells you about Y, then knowledge of Y tells you about X.
Reframing signal relationships into probability spaces may mean that signal relationships are symmetric.
How far can this be pressed? They'll also likely be reflexive and transitive (though the probability may be smaller here) and thus make an equivalence relation.
How far can we press this idea of equivalence relations here with respect to our work? Presumably it would work to the level of providing at least good general distribution?
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arxiv.org arxiv.org
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Hypergraph Categories
[[hypergraph categories]]: https://anagora.org/hypergraph+categories
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Annotators
URL
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thebaffler.com thebaffler.com
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emergentism. The argument here is that once a certain level of complexity is reached, there is a kind of qualitative leap where completely new sorts of physical laws can “emerge”—ones that are premised on, but cannot be reduced to, what came before.
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papers.ssrn.com papers.ssrn.com
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<small><cite class='h-cite via'>ᔥ <span class='p-author h-card'>Peter Smith</span> in Zettelkasten (<time class='dt-published'>01/17/2023 16:52:31</time>)</cite></small>
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diggingthedigital.com diggingthedigital.com
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https://diggingthedigital.com/hoe-werkt-het-maken-van-een-idee-notitie/
Frank calls out what he considers a good example of actual note taking practice rather than the more often seen talk about note taking theory. The example in question is Forrest Perry's YouTube video #9 Zettelkasten: from source card to idea card.
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Local file Local file
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Fried-berg Judeo-Arabic Project, accessible at http://fjms.genizah.org. This projectmaintains a digital corpus of Judeo-Arabic texts that can be searched and an-alyzed.
The Friedberg Judeo-Arabic Project contains a large corpus of Judeo-Arabic text which can be manually searched to help improve translations of texts, but it might also be profitably mined using information theoretic and corpus linguistic methods to provide larger group textual translations and suggestions at a grander scale.
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Local file Local file
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McCoy, Neal Henry. The Theory of Rings. 1964. Reprint, The Bronx, New York: Chelsea Publishing Company, 1973.
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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ernest becker has made a lot of is offered the same kind of argument which he calls terror management theory um shanti deva rather in the beginning of how to awaken uh how to lead an awakened 00:36:00 life talks about how terrified we are of death how terrified we are of being nothing how terrified we are what's going to happen after death becker doc talks about the same thing and shantideva 00:36:13 argues that in order to save ourselves from that terror what we do is we try to pause it make permanent and self safeguard this self becker does the same thing says we tend to reify ourselves as 00:36:24 a ball work um against terror to somehow manage our terror and but in any case self does seem the self illusion i think i think that idea is quite right by the way that the fear of death which is 00:36:36 deeply wired into us causes us to posit that self causes us to say hey maybe it can live forever maybe it can be reborn life after life after life maybe it can go to heaven things like that 00:36:48 but i also think the idea that affect is deeply related to our sense of self is really there shanti deva makes this point as well as does david hume um shanti deva uh points out that here's when you really decide you've got a self 00:37:02 it's when somebody insults you or hurts you right so somebody says garfield you idiot an and i immediately said wait a minute i'm a whole lot better than that how dare you talk to me like that i don't feel like my body's been 00:37:13 insulted i don't feel like my mind has been insulted i don't feel like my perceptions or sensations have been insulted i feel like i the thing that's got those things has been insulted and i want revenge at that point so that kind 00:37:27 of effect there or if you do something really cool like win the olympic gold medal in 100 meter sprint like i would love to do um with usain bolt's body um then you think when you're really proud of what you've done the pride 00:37:39 attaches not to my body not to my mind but to me so this idea that affect really brings up that sense of self i think is really important uh hume uh makes the same point in his treatise of human nature for those of 00:37:52 you who want to see this done in western philosophy he thinks that it's pride and shame that really bring up the idea of the self you know i mean when i'm ashamed of something that i'm done that i've done i'm not ashamed of my hand 00:38:04 that wrote badly i'm ashamed of me for having bad penmanship if i didn't give to a beggar i'm not ashamed that my mind did something wrong i'm ashamed that i did i was tight-fisted um and so the 00:38:16 idea that these and these aspects bring up the idea of self i think is very powerful and of course anger as i said earlier is another big one all of these involve egocentric attachment so it's when we're attached to things in a way that really fronts 00:38:29 our ego as the possessor then we find that we're positing that self and so this finishes the first of the three things i wanted to do this evening first was to convince you that you really do think yourself to explain what 00:38:42 that self is and to give some idea of why i think that you have why i think that you think that you have a self um no matter how much you might reject that idea on reflection
!- intrinsic fear of death : strong role in creation of a self illusion -Ernest Becker, David Hume, Shanti Devi all regard death as a major reason we create the self illusion - Becker cliams we reify the self as a bulwark against the terror of death - the fear of death is deeply wired in us - the story of a self allows it to posit a symbolic form of eternal life, hence resulting in immortality projects - we know we have fallen under the spell of the illusion of self when we can be insulted, when we get angry, when we feel shame - it is these affects which establish a self, hence why the self imputation is so strong and difficult to dislodge
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tedgioia.substack.com tedgioia.substack.com
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I've seen a bunch of people sharing this and repeating the conclusion: that the success is because the CEO loves books t/f you need passionate leaders and... while I think that's true, I don't think that's the conclusion to draw here. The winning strategy wasn't love, it was delegation and local, on the ground, knowledge.
This win comes from a leader who acknowledges people in the stores know their communities and can see and react faster to sales trends in store... <br /> —Aram Zucker-Scharff (@Chronotope@indieweb.social) https://indieweb.social/@Chronotope/109597430733908319 Dec 29, 2022, 06:27 · Mastodon for Android
Also heavily at play here in their decentralization of control is regression toward the mean (Galton, 1886) by spreading out buying decisions over a more diverse group which is more likely to reflect the buying population than one or two corporate buyers whose individual bad decisions can destroy a company.
How is one to balance these sorts of decisions at the center of a company? What role do examples of tastemakers and creatives have in spaces like fashion for this? How about the control exerted by Steve Jobs at Apple in shaping the purchasing decisions of the users vis-a-vis auteur theory? (Or more broadly, how does one retain the idea of a central vision or voice with the creative or business inputs of dozens, hundreds, or thousands of others?)
How can you balance the regression to the mean with potentially cutting edge internal ideas which may give the company a more competitive edge versus the mean?
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www.sciencedirect.com www.sciencedirect.com
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Highlights
- We exploit language differences to study the causal effect of fake news on voting.
- Language affects exposure to fake news.
- German-speaking voters from South Tyrol (Italy) are less likely to be exposed to misinformation.
- Exposure to fake news favours populist parties regardless of prior support for populist parties.
- However, fake news alone cannot explain most of the growth in populism.
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www.sciencedirect.com www.sciencedirect.com
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Who falls for fake news? Psychological and clinical profiling evidence of fake news consumers
Participants with a schizotypal, paranoid, and histrionic personality were ineffective at detecting fake news. They were also more vulnerable to suffer its negative effects. Specifically, they displayed higher levels of anxiety and committed more cognitive biases based on suggestibility and the Barnum Effect. No significant effects on psychotic symptomatology or affective mood states were observed. Corresponding to these outcomes, two clinical and therapeutic recommendations related to the reduction of the Barnum Effect and the reinterpretation of digital media sensationalism were made. The impact of fake news and possible ways of prevention are discussed.
Fake news and personality disorders
The observed relationship between fake news and levels of schizotypy was consistent with previous scientific evidence on pseudoscientific beliefs and magical ideation (see Bronstein et al., 2019; Escolà-Gascón, Marín, et al., 2021). Following the dual process theory model (e.g., Pennycook & Rand, 2019), when a person does not correctly distinguish between information with scientific arguments and information without scientific grounds it is because they predominantly use cognitive reasoning characterized by intuition (e.g., Dagnall, Drinkwater, et al., 2010; Swami et al., 2014; Dagnall et al., 2017b; Williams et al., 2021).
Concomitantly, intuitive thinking correlates positively with magical beliefs (see Šrol, 2021). Psychopathological classifications include magical beliefs as a dimension of schizotypal personality (e.g., Escolà-Gascón, 2020a). Therefore, it is possible that the high schizotypy scores in this study can be explained from the perspective of dual process theory (Denovan et al., 2018; Denovan et al., 2020; Drinkwater, Dagnall, Denovan, & Williams, 2021). Intuitive thinking could be the moderating variable that explains why participants who scored higher in schizotypy did not effectively detect fake news.
Something similar happened with the subclinical trait of paranoia. This variable scored the highest in both group 1 and group 2 (see Fig. 1). Intuition is also positively related to conspiratorial ideation (see Drinkwater et al., 2020; Gligorić et al., 2021). Similarly, psychopathology tends to classify conspiracy ideation as a frequent belief system in paranoid personality (see Escolà-Gascón, 2022). This is because conspiracy beliefs are based on systematic distrust of the systems that structure society (political system), knowledge (science) and economy (capitalism) (Dagnall et al., 2015; Swami et al., 2014). Likewise, it is known that distrust is the transversal characteristic of paranoid personality (So et al., 2022). Then, in this case the use of intuitive thinking and dual process theory could also justify the obtained paranoia scores. The same is not true for the histrionic personality.
The Barnum Effect
The Barnum Effect consists of accepting as exclusive a verbal description of an individual's personality, when, the description employs contents applicable or generalizable to any profile or personality that one wishes to describe (see Boyce & Geller, 2002; O’Keeffe & Wiseman, 2005). The error of this bias is to assume as exclusive or unique information that is not. This error can occur in other contexts not limited to personality descriptions. Originally, this bias was studied in the field of horoscopes and pseudoscience's (see Matute et al., 2011). Research results suggest that people who do not effectively detect fake news regularly commit the Barnum Effect. So, one way to prevent fake news may be to educate about what the Barnum Effect is and how to avoid it.
Conclusions
The conclusions of this research can be summarized as follows: (1) The evidence obtained proposes that profiles with high scores in schizotypy, paranoia and histrionism are more vulnerable to the negative effects of fake news. In clinical practice, special caution is recommended for patients who meet the symptomatic characteristics of these personality traits.
(2) In psychiatry and clinical psychology, it is proposed to combat fake news by reducing or recoding the Barnum effect, reinterpreting sensationalism in the media and promoting critical thinking in social network users. These suggestions can be applied from intervention programs but can also be implemented as psychoeducational programs for massive users of social networks.
(3) Individuals who do not effectively detect fake news tend to have higher levels of anxiety, both state and trait anxiety. These individuals are also highly suggestible and tend to seek strong emotions. Profiles of this type may inappropriately employ intuitive thinking, which could be the psychological mechanism that.
(4) Positive psychotic symptomatology, affective mood states and substance use (addiction risks) were not affected by fake news. In the field of psychosis, it should be analyzed whether fake news influences negative psychotic symptomatology.
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euvsdisinfo.eu euvsdisinfo.eu
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The uptake of mis- and disinformation is intertwined with the way our minds work. The large body of research on the psychological aspects of information manipulation explains why.
In an article for Nature Review Psychology, Ullrich K. H. Ecker et al looked(opens in a new tab) at the cognitive, social, and affective factors that lead people to form or even endorse misinformed views. Ironically enough, false beliefs generally arise through the same mechanisms that establish accurate beliefs. It is a mix of cognitive drivers like intuitive thinking and socio-affective drivers. When deciding what is true, people are often biased to believe in the validity of information and to trust their intuition instead of deliberating. Also, repetition increases belief in both misleading information and facts.
Ecker, U.K.H., Lewandowsky, S., Cook, J. et al. (2022). The psychological drivers of misinformation belief and its resistance to correction.
Going a step further, Álex Escolà-Gascón et al investigated the psychopathological profiles that characterise people prone to consuming misleading information. After running a number of tests on more than 1,400 volunteers, they concluded that people with high scores in schizotypy (a condition not too dissimilar from schizophrenia), paranoia, and histrionism (more commonly known as dramatic personality disorder) are more vulnerable to the negative effects of misleading information. People who do not detect misleading information also tend to be more anxious, suggestible, and vulnerable to strong emotions.
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www.danielpipes.org www.danielpipes.org
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John B. Kelly highlighted this disparity in a memorable passage published in 1973:
Distance, the filtering of news through so many intermediate channels, and the habitual tendency to discuss and interpret Middle Eastern politics in the political terminology of the West, have all contrived to impart a certain blandness to the reporting and analysis of Middle Eastern affairs in Western countries. ... To read, for instance, the extracts from the Cairo and Baghdad press and radio ... is to open a window upon a strange and desolate landscape, strewn with weird, amorphous shapes cryptically inscribed "imperialist plot," "Zionist crime," "Western exploitation," ... and "the revolution betrayed." Around and among these enigmatic structures, curious figures, like so many mythical beats, caper and cavort - "enemies," "traitors," "stooges," "hyenas," "puppets," "lackeys," "feudalists," "gangsters," "tyrants," "criminals," "oppressors," "plotters" and deviationists". ... It is all rather like a monstrous playing board for some grotesque and sinister game, in which the snakes are all hydras, the ladders have no rungs, and the dice are blank.
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Americans especially tend reflexively to dismiss the idea of conspiracy. Living in a political culture ignorant of secret police, a political underground, and coups d'état,
Not anymore.
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www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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In 2003 five northern Nigerian states boycotted the oral polio vaccine due to fears that it was unsafe. Though the international responses have been scrutinised in the literature, this paper argues that lessons still need to be learnt from the boycott: that the origins and continuation of the boycott were due to specific local factors.
Origin and continuation boycott made this unique.
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