I can think of countless ways to use annotation in scholarly publishing!

Yeah, you must think I'm kidding, but no.

Each annotation in the path will lead you to the next!

Almost two years later, I STILL annotate everything I read. In my new role at the MIT Knowledge Futures Group, I work with groups creating communities on PubPub who engage through annotation, including in the classroom, through open collaborative peer review, and more! What happened? Click to find out how I fell in love with open infrastructure!

I hope that you enjoy this blog post on the use of annotation for community review. Please feel free to create a free PubPub account and leave me some feedback! Happy Annotating! Return to 100K post here.

Annotation in peer review, whether on preprints or through a more traditional manuscript submission system, offers the option for reviewers, editors, and authors to give and received feedback in context. And I'm super excited about this new project.

It was so exciting to be a part of this initiative, to rescue annotations from PubMedCommons, an example of how open infrastructure can pick up the torch to keep something valuable from disappearing. Annotation can also streamline peer review.

I was so excited to see the eLife Publisher Group go live--finally, an integration with a real live publisher! It wasn't long before other publishers were adding their own groups!

Be sure to open all the annotations on the page! This article was one of my forays into public annotation. I wanted to add images and links to this existing article. It was fun to do, and I hope I created a unique reading experience for those fortunate enough to have Hypothesis enabled in their browsers! I love museums, so I augmented this post.

If I could write a short story or even a novel using only annotations (and info on the web pages themselves, like setting, plot developments, clues)! Might be fun! What cool uses can you think of?

I'm working in open infrastructure now--and it incorporates annotation for engagement and collaborative review. (It's not W3C compliant at this time, but who knows!) I still believe that open annotation is the future!

Imagine what Vannevar Bush would think of the web annotation standard--or the fact that his article has been annotated more than 270 times! But the impact of annotation is much, much bigger than one article!

I remember the first time I truly understood what Jon meant when he said this. One web page can have an unlimited number of specific addresses pointing into its parts--and through annotation these parts can be connected to an unlimited number of parts of other things. Jon called it: Exploding the web! How far we've come from Vannevar Bush's musings...

The publication of this web standard changed everything. I look forward to true testing of interoperable open annotation. The publication of the standard nearly three years ago was a game changer, but the game is still in progress. The future potential is unlimited!

This demonstrates one of the coolest things about annotation--the ability for machines and humans to work together to recognize and link entities for reproducibility and other purposes. What other examples can you add?Who will make the next one?

I'd heard of ComMentor before, but I hadn't noticed that Terry and Martin cited Vannevar and mentioned the notion of trails here. https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1945/07/as-we-may-think/303881/

I was so excited to participate in the collaborative community review of Annotation. Remi and Antero have done an amazing job documenting the history and the thought processes behind the practice.

This is what an annotation looks like!

It is the most value tool of my life until now. :D

This is a test of the experimental version of Hypothesis that does not open and cover the window by default. I want to add this functionality to my blog because I am looking for more feedback on this blog and I am hoping that there are more people out there interested in annotating the web.

As it happens, this annotation works through its proper URL) but, Hypothesis butchered the link. You need to turn the page once to see the highlight though.

Saved where?

Would love to see an IPFS solution.

A subtle but important point here is that when the manuscript is a preprint then there are two public-facing documents that are being tied together-- the "published" article and the preprint. The review-as-annotation becomes the cross-member in that document association.

To share annotations of your own:

1) You'll need a free Hypothes.is account.

2) Toggle between the UW-Madison Pressbooks layer and the Public annotation layer.

<iframe src="https://wisc.pb.unizin.org/wiwgrangerized/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=h5p_embed&id=7" width="830" height="972" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe><script src="https://wisc.pb.unizin.org/app/plugins/h5p/h5p-php-library/js/h5p-resizer.js" charset="UTF-8"></script>

3) Share your thoughts! (Don't forget to click "Post to public!"

Click here for additional information and instructions about this book's annotation layer.

Remi Kalir and Antero Garcia are in the process of revising and gathering feedback on their forthcoming book, Annotation. The early drafts of this book came out after I first composed this section of The Woman in White: Grangerized. I'm thrilled to be reading Kalir and Garcia's text in the present and am looking forward to drawing in some of their points in this critical edition. Future additions of this chapter will reflect their thoughtful, exciting work!

Something that a lot of other students, and professors, mentioned that they have learned was this idea of "catharsis" in Greek theater. How important it was to include it in their writings, and how they pioneered this idea and really got to create it. I think this line is a great example of emotional catharsis for the audience. A woman has killed herself out of guilt, sadness, disgust, or a combination, and yet- we feel relieved. Relieved that she does not have to live with this vile truth of her wedding and having kids with her own son. It allows the audience this emotional catharsis of her release from this life, and a feeling that she knew it was wrong.

I feel like there is also research that indicates the quicker the feedback is given and consumed, the more effective it is as well. Perhaps this is a more useful thing with digital feedback which can be done in near-real time.

I’ll also note that many of the top writing programs in the country (Johns Hopkins Writing Seminars and Iowa’s Writers’ Workshop) rely on written and aural annotated feedback from entire classrooms of students on others’ work.

this is an annotation

I was not aware of this page when the Web Annotations WG was working through its specifications. The word "Specific Resource" used in the Web Annotations Data Model Specification always seemed adequate, but now I see that it was actually quite a good fit.

Interested folks might also want to check out @RemiKalir's updated post: Annotate Your Syllabus 2.0.

Many thanks again to Steel Wagstaff for suggesting this language.

Many thanks to Steel Wagstaff for suggesting this language.

Huge thanks to Maha Bali for reminding me to make this point about annotation's capabilities to extend reading across time and space.

Like Hypothesis. Read annotations here or add your own with a free Hypothesis account.

I feel as if Frederick Douglass feels it is his duty to bring awareness to the fact that slaves are men. Due to this conclusion all men shall be citizens of the state. Therefor, slaves are not only prevented from many basic human rights but also the right to vote (along with many other civic responsibilities). In my paper I will discuss the civic responsibilities of ALL people (free men, slaves and women).

Gates data model.

Annotation is one of those core academic practices that spans K-16.

Data from annotation informing teaching practices, understanding of learning, success, at admin level.

Real-time grading/assessment for reading = annotation

And note just assessment, but presence: peer learning; teacher-student feedback, ...

This is a call to annotate! What better way to support this notion that to create public annotations with Hypothesis :) Leaving this here in the hopes that future annotators of this article will find this and help annotate this important update to a seminal model.

Do we want to Replicate, or do we want to break new ground here? SAMR Model

However, I've searched this document and there is not a word about annotation...

The miserable witches are very unpleasant to all their neighbors, they are feared and few are brave enough to offend them, or deny what they ask. They even thing that they can do things that are beyond the ability of humans

This passage shows how witches were though of and how afraid people were of them. It shows how people thought of witches as being mean and unpleasant. It also shows the view that witches were believed to have super natural abilities.

Is Hypothes.is it ?

An even more valuable element is that the critiques stay IN CONTEXT rather than appearing out of context in reviews, blog posts, etc.

writing in the margins

This would be a good space to let folks really kick the tires with Hypothes.is. I am wondering why they seem reluctant to let the crowd loose on the "actual" program? If someone finds the notes and such distracting, one can turn them off. This is a great feature of Hypothes.is. I sometimes like to read a document all the way through before I read any comments or notes.

I wonder if I can emulate this improvement in learning in reading-oriented (history) classes by guiding the students through a Hypothes.is-based annotation engagement with texts?

Annotated!

I wonder if there is any variation in this across the services. Do some disciplines lend themselves better to the use of annotation. Perhaps disciplines with a longer history of collaborative annotation would make better use of it.

This is key: to deliver the artifact of the annotation to Speedgrader.

There is already a Caliper profile for "annotation." Do we have any suggestions about the model?

Well here we are, talking about zoom annotation! So, here's an annotation on a zoom transcript where we're talking about zoom annotation!

Meta!

L'histoire de vélos du record de l'Heure !

How will their proxy interfere with ours? Or h more generally?

Another argument for linking.

Argument for permalinks v downloads.

This seems the norm though not strictly enforced in practice. That is, libraries say this is what you should do, but profs keep PDFs of articles locally, etc.

This seems key.

In a perfect world, the author would sell you a license to the book and you'd just read it on whatever platform suited you. For now, the leading ebook providers are not making this easy so I end up with some titles (and associated annotations) on one platform and other titles on another, which is far more complicated than it needs to be.

élément important, s'il en est, de la structuration de notre espace numérique. Elle est aussi symptomatique de la tension qui nous traverse entre le désir d'unifier des éléments en les rassemblant sous un même "genre" et d'en maintenir la distinction afin qu'ils conservent leur individualité. Par contre le malaise est ressenti lorsqu'on y incorpore des personnes morales. Mais cette résistance s'évanouit peu à peu. Est-ce tant mieux ?

It would be nice if comments and annotations could be voted by people, and have the possibility to sort them chronologically etc.

Annotating what he is writing about as annotation... yet, what is missing here is some way of re-arranging, weighting, them...

Here's the beginning of the first excerpt we're focusing on for Week 2: Section II, parts A & B.

The second excerpt is below, Section III, Part A, subsections 1 and 2.

We are focusing on specific excerpts to make this lengthy document a little more manageable for this iteration of the project. That said, you are of course welcome and encouraged to annotate any part of the document you find noteworthy.

These words mark the end of the first excerpt we're focusing on during Week 2 of the first iteration of the Engelbart Framework Project.

We'll focus on the rest of Section II, probably the hardest section of the document to understand readily, in a subsequent iteration. As always, you're welcome and encouraged to annotate you find noteworthy in any part of the document.

Our open letter to Genius and Marc. https://hypothes.is/blog/a-letter-to-marc-andreessen-and-rap-genius/

Biomed Central and ResearchSquare have partnered on a project called InReview, which enables community feedback in parallel with traditional peer review. More on that project here.

American Society for Plant Biologists is using Hypothesis annotation to draw the reader's attention to Peer Review Reports, publications that were previously hidden in supplementary materials. An example can be found here. And a list of all articles where such annotations have been added can be found here.

This seems like a great argument for open annotation.

Absolutely! Think how useful (and how annoying) this could be. The ability for the user to choose will be key.

this who paragraph is about citation and annotation lol

an ode to influence, and intertextuality

You can learn more about Hypothesis annotation tools and practices on their website.

Annotation is a great way for folks at a range of institutions to provide public or private collaborative feedback. Get your free account here: https://web.hypothes.is/start/

And the combination of community feedback on preprints with traditional and post-publication peer review through collaborative annotation is catching on with a variety of publishers. See InReview by BMC and ResearchSquare. Also COS preprint servers such as SocArXiv and Psyarxiv.

This is a test of Hypothesis, a note created using the tool in public view. It's somewhat like Google Docs. Here's a link to SAE Expression College. Below is a list of things to read in this test article:

• HIghlight some text, then click the highlighting tool.
• Highlight text, then use the comment tool. (Hmm..had to click the list button in this line again????

This is bold text. * Here's italicized.* Definitely not WYSIWYG as in a word processor. Could be improved.

In preview mode, my bold and italicized text don't show up correctly????

In spring of 2017, Genius announced a pivot back to music video. While you can still create an account, you can no longer get access to the plug in to use it on sites where it is not supported.

Unless, for example, annotation was baked into the platforms, and offered any reader the opportunity to collaboratively discuss.

With Hypothesis, you could engage like this.

And we are pleased to be working with you!

asdfa

This passage in Vannevar Bush's "As We May Think" may be the first mention of what we now think of as digital annotation. The passage in the original article is slighly different... you can see it here.

Read annotations on "Leveraging Technology to Create Social Readers" in EDUCAUSE Review. Sign up or log in above to add your own annotations and replies.

I've found that the way I read and my reading retention have changed since I started to regularly use digital annotation. The act of selecting what sentence to highlight, how to tag passages and articles, and what to make public has changed how I feel about reading online. I still prefer paper for pleasure reading, but for news, research, and collaborative reading, digital now works just fine for me.

Similar to the annotations in Foster Wallace's writing (footnotes on footnotes) and Jorinde Voigt's writing. The compulsion to annotate and explain is so strong, that it overwhelms the original text.

Annotation with a standards-based open tool provides great utility in this regard, without the need for programming skills.

Two challenges that #OER and #annotation together can provide infrastructure to help solve: the high cost of learning materials and engaging teachers and learners in social reading, discussion and analysis.

Issues to solve: both OER and annotation don't require digital reading, but are both made more powerful through it. Yet technology access and reading preferences don't always support to digital reading.

Solution: Explore online and offline, digital and print experiments in OER and annotation/social reading.

Ceci est une note de page. Elle peut inclure un lien vers une autre page, que celle-ci soit connectée ou non via Hypothes.is. Voyez dans l'URL le préfixe qui assure que l'on peut annoter celle-ci. Mais avec ce blogue on n'en a pas besoin car son auteur a déjà inclus un code permettant de l'annoter par défaut (à condition de s'être créée un compte hypothes.is).

More on Hypothesis documentation and Public API here.

You can find out more about W3C annotation motivations here.

Here is a sketch of how Vannevar Bush imagined the Memex.

Here is the user guide created for making annotations on Mosaic.

Check out our Scholarly Kitchen blog post on open annotation.

Details the wide ranging possibilities around motivation.

This is my first annotation

I'm quite excited that we'll be using this tool in class. I just came across a tweet (and blog post) about annotating your syllabus, and I was curious about how it might work with students. I'm happy to be experiencing it as a student!

Internet Archaeology is trialling a new feature by Hypothes.is which enables everyone to make annotations on journal content. To get started, just select any text in any article and add your annotation for everyone to see (Annotations are public by default but highlights are private, visible only to you when you’re logged in to your Hypothes.is account). You can even share your annotations on social media,

Try this for more info https://web.hypothes.is/blog/varieties-of-hypothesis-annotations-and-their-uses/

I'm interested to see how everyone uses it!

Internet Archaeology is trialling a new feature by Hypothes.is which enables everyone to make annotations on journal content. To get started, just select any text in any article and add your annotation for everyone to see (Annotations are public by default but highlights are private, visible only to you when you’re logged in to your Hypothes.is account). You can even share your annotations on social media,

Try this for more info https://web.hypothes.is/blog/varieties-of-hypothesis-annotations-and-their-uses/

I'm interested to see how everyone uses it!

Keeping in mind that different people learn in different ways, there's another possible way of looking at this.

Some people learn better aurally than visually. Some remember things better by writing them down. I know a few synaesthetes who likely might learn better by using various highlighting colors. Perhaps those who highlight everything are actually helping their own brains to learn by doing this?

This said, I myself still don't understand people who are highlighting everything in their books this way. I suspect that some are just trying and imitating what they've seen before and just haven't learned to read and annotate actively.

Helping students to discover how they best learn can be a great hurdle to cross, particularly at a young age. Of course, this being said, we also need to help them exercise the other modalities and pathways to help make them more well-rounded and understanding as well.

We often think differently even on different readings. Sometimes upon re-reading pieces, I'll find and annotate completely different things than I would have on the first pass. Sometimes (often with more experience and new eyes) I'll even disagree with what I'd written on prior passes.

This process reminds me a bit of the Barbell Method of Reading

Exactly the use case that annotation is hoping to solve! Enabling the connection between different sites.

Absolutely. This is what I'd love to have with Hypothesis.