Linearity of ideas and arguments is a means of building toward something.
10,000 Matching Annotations
- Feb 2023
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www.thesing-online.de www.thesing-online.de
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A Zettelkasten is hypertext plus a hierarchical tree structure and keywords.
an elegant little statement
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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Chris, Chris... concepts and propositions are not nebulous dictionary definitions unless you're joining the Frankfurt School :) :).Click here to get some clarity about these basic terms as applied to learning: https://cmap.ihmc.us/docs/concept.phpAbout systems and emergence, I prefer Mario Bunge's book: https://www.amazon.com/Emergence-Convergence-Qualitative-Knowledge-Philosophy/dp/1442628219Irony? No way. You are always bringing new information about the historical roots of Zettelkasten. Keep doing that, please! Thanks!
reply to u/New-Investigator-623 at https://www.reddit.com/r/antinet/comments/10r6uwp/comment/j784srg/?utm_source=reddit&utm_medium=web2x&context=3
I meant nebulous for my initial purposes. They obviously have very concrete meanings in more specific contexts, though even there they can vary. I saw your other post on concept maps where I imagine they matter more; some of that reminds me about some of my initial explorations into category theory (math) a few years back. I'm curious what the overlap of those two looks like...
On systems, complexity, and emergence, I'm probably closer to the school of thought and applications coming out of the Santa Fe Institute. I'll have to look at Bunge's work there, I've only glanced at some of his math/physics work but never delved into his philosophical material.
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First, I am a big fan of Chris’ posts. He is our best historian. Second, I did not challenge his ideas but asked for clarification about some terms which I believe are of general interest. Chris is well-positioned to answer my questions. Third, statistical mechanics is more about microscopic systems that do not evolve. As we know, ideas (from concepts to theories) evolve and generally emerge from previous ideas. Emergence is the key concept here. I suggested Phenomics as a potential metaphor because it represents well the emergence of some systems (phenotypes) from pre-existing ones (genotypes).
reply to u/New-Investigator-623 at https://www.reddit.com/r/antinet/comments/10r6uwp/comment/j6wy4mf/?utm_source=reddit&utm_medium=web2x&context=3
Ideas, concepts, propositions, et al. in this context are just the nebulous dictionary definitions. Their roots and modern usage have so much baggage now that attempting to separate them into more technical meanings is difficult unless you've got a solid reason to do so. I certainly don't here. If you want to go down some of the rabbit hole on the differences, you might appreciate Winston Perez' work on concept modeling which he outlines with respect to innovation and creativity here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gGQ-dW7yfPc.
I debated on a more basic framing of chemistry or microbiology versus statistical mechanics or even the closely related statistical thermodynamics, but for the analogy here, I think it works even if it may scare some off as "too hard". With about 20 linear feet of books in my library dedicated to biology, physics, math, engineering with a lot of direct focus on evolutionary theory, complexity theory, and information theory I would suggest that the underlying physics of statistical mechanics and related thermodynamics is precisely what allows the conditions for systems to evolve and emerge, for this is exactly what biological (and other) systems have done. For those intrigued, perhaps Stuart Kauffman's Origins of Order (if you're technically minded) or At Home in the Universe (if you're less technically oriented) are interesting with respect to complexity and emergence. There's also an interesting similar analogy to be made between a zettelkasten system and the systems described in Peter Hoffman's book Life's Rachet. I think that if carefully circumscribed, one could define a zettelkasten to be "alive". That's a bigger thesis for another time. I was also trying to stay away from the broad idea of "atomic" and drawing attention to "atomic notes" as a concept. I'm still waiting for some bright physicist to talk about sub-atomic notes and what that might mean... I see where you're going with phenomics, but chemistry and statistical mechanics were already further afield than the intended audience who already have issues with "The Two Cultures". Getting into phenomics was just a bridge too far... not to mention, vastly more difficult to attempt to draw(!!!). 😉 Besides, I didn't want Carol Greider dropping into my DMs asking me why didn't I include telomeres or chancing an uncomfortable LAX-BWI flight and a train/cab ride into Baltimore with Peter Agre who's popped up next to me on more than one occasion.
Honestly, I was much less satisfied with the nebulousness of "solution of life"... fortunately no one seems to be complaining about that or their inability to grapple with catalysis. 🤷🏼
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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What are your two favourite articles, videos or books on the zettelkasten process?
reply to u/stjeromeslibido at https://www.reddit.com/r/Zettelkasten/comments/10wj6tv/what_are_your_two_favourite_articles_videos_or/
My favorite video for its utter brevity and compactness combined with complexity and trueness to the historical record, not to mention the spectacular production value - The Process of Writing World History of Design, 2015. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kxyy0THLfuI.
Runner up video, which I love for the supreme simplicity of the method—literally slips and a box - “The Speed Traders/Mandela/Eminem.” 60 Minutes. CBS, October 10, 2010. https://youtu.be/pPXBwy3JgVo?t=64
My favorite article for its practicality and some studied perspective - Thomas, Keith. “Diary: Working Methods.” London Review of Books, June 10, 2010. https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v32/n11/keith-thomas/diary.
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gxabbo
https://www.thesing-online.de/blog/author:stefan-thesing/ is
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www.amazon.com www.amazon.com
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https://www.amazon.com/Private-Notebooks-1914-1916-Ludwig-Wittgenstein/dp/1324090804
Notes or diaries or a mixture of both?
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Local file Local file
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Synopsis:
A relatively basic chapter on Indigenous knowledge as it relates to astronomy and art. Several art and dance examples (including dance machines!) and descriptions of how they relate to folklore and knowledge.
Some great examples to explore, though perhaps better done via the specific references.
I do wish there was a more explicit association by means of overlay of the stories to the art for the first time Westerners.
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A modern artistic style emergedwith the development of Zamiyakal (dance machines) – mechanical devices whosemotions mimic important elements of the dance to enhance their meaning, some of whichare based on ancient rituals and warfare (Fernandez and Loban, 2009).
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Zugubal Mabaig (astronomers - literally translated to “Star Man“ or “ConstellationMan”
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the cosmos and Islanders’ cultural identity is the reason a star is featured at the centre ofthe Torres Strait Islander flag, designed by Bernard Namok in 1992.
The close connection between
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Traditions about Usal and the Zugubals are based on the story of Thoegay, a fiercewarrior, Zogo Le, and skilled navigator who commanded a ship crew of thirteen: a firstmate named Kang and a crew of twelve men, called the Zugubals. The group embarkedon a long expedition at sea on a hot day. Before long, the crew began consuming theirrations in zest. They were warned by Kang to conserve their supplies, but before longthey had consumed the water for the entire trip, including Thoegay’s. When Thoegayrealised this, he flew into a fit of rage and killed the 12 men. Because the Zugubals werealso spiritual beings, they could not die, so Thoegay cast them into the sky as two groupsof six stars: Usal (the six brightest stars of the Pleiades) and Utimal (the six brightest starsof Orion’s belt and scabbard). Thoegay then ascended into the opposite side of the sky,taking Kang and his canoe with him. He can be seen as a large constellation holding aspear in his left hand (the Southern Cross) and a Eugenia fruit in his right hand (theconstellation Corvus), standing at the bow of his celestial canoe (Scorpius) with Kang(Antares; Alpha Scorpii) sitting at the stern (Robinson 2016a).
This is a great story, but interestingly, without the appropriate art to explicitly map the idea onto, it's much harder to remember or to help those unaccustomed to these ideas. Presumably the audience of this book doesn't/wouldn't.
A simple drawing here or an overlay onto an existing image would be immensely helpful. Perhaps the Robinson reference has one? (it doesn't)
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The linocut medium is especially prevalent in the Torres Strait,where a handful of pioneering artists have mastered the art of printmaking (Robinson2001)
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The story on canvassymbolises the importance of traditional law, explains the transmutation of the Moon,and exposes the raw power of human emotion. T
Notice how in the story of Garnkiny, the Moon Man, and Dawool, that the power of emotion is used as a means of strengthening not only the story, but the memory of the other associated elements.
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As in any science class, you learn how tointerpret and apply what you observe. Elders refer to this process as “reading the stars.”
This idea is closely related to "talking rocks" and seems a very apt parallel.
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Art is often focused on aesthetic, but more importantly, it is avisual embodiment of knowledge.
link to: Eddington quote https://hypothes.is/a/TNV2WqfpEe2Z24NgnWsZCg
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And yes, it is also very pretty.
understated quote of the day
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Hamacher, Duane W. “The Art of Star Knowledge.” In 65,000 Years: A Short History of Australian Art, edited by Judith Ryan and Marcia Langton. Melbourne, Australia: University of Melbourne Press, 2023. https://www.academia.edu/96537139/The_Art_of_Star_Knowledge.
Tags
- folklore
- Indigenous pedagogy
- Indigenous astronomy
- indigenous knowledge
- flags
- Thoegay
- Kang
- orality
- Duane Hamacher
- Utimal
- printmaking
- linocut
- Torres Strait Islanders
- talking rocks
- quotes
- reading the stars
- Dawool
- diagrams
- Indigenous art
- identity
- 1992
- memory and emotion
- constellations
- mnemonic dance
- translations
- references
- Garnkiny
- dance machines
- Zugubals
- illustrations
- cultural anthropology
- Zugubal Mabaig
- reading practices
- Bernard Namok
- aesthetics
- Zamiyakal
- art
- Usal
- astronomers
- read
- associative memory
Annotators
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Local file Local file
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Suppose that we were asked to arrange the followingin two categories—distance, mass, electric force, entropy, beauty, melody.I think there are the strongest grounds for placingentropy alongside beauty and melody and not with thefirst three.
Syndication link: https://boffosocko.com/2013/09/26/entropy-beauty-melody/
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Eddington, Arthur Stanley. The Nature of the Physical World. Cambridge University Press, 1928. http://archive.org/details/b29928011.
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press.uchicago.edu press.uchicago.edu
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Mattei, Clara E. The Capital Order: How Economists Invented Austerity and Paved the Way to Fascism. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2022. https://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/C/bo181707138.html.
I've always wondered why the United States never used the phrase austerity to describe political belt tightening.
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www.lifewire.com www.lifewire.com
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www.lifewire.com www.lifewire.com
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www.lifewire.com www.lifewire.com
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leanpub.com leanpub.com
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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the essay Of the Plurality of Worlds (1853), in which he argued against the probability of life on other planets
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Whewell was one of the Cambridge dons whom Charles Darwin met during his education there, and when Darwin returned from the Beagle voyage he was directly influenced by Whewell, who persuaded Darwin to become secretary of the Geological Society of London. The title pages of On the Origin of Species open with a quotation from Whewell's Bridgewater Treatise about science founded on a natural theology of a creator establishing laws:[33] But with regard to the material world, we can at least go so far as this—we can perceive that events are brought about not by insulated interpositions of Divine power, exerted in each particular case, but by the establishment of general laws.
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Whewell was prominent not only in scientific research and philosophy but also in university and college administration. His first work, An Elementary Treatise on Mechanics (1819), cooperated with those of George Peacock and John Herschel in reforming the Cambridge method of mathematical teaching.
What was the specific change in mathematical teaching instituted by Whewell, Peacock, and Herschel in An Elementary Treatise on Mechanics (1819)?
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In Philosophy of the Inductive Sciences Whewell was the first to use the term "consilience" to discuss the unification of knowledge between the different branches of learning.
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His best-known works are two voluminous books that attempt to systematize the development of the sciences, History of the Inductive Sciences (1837) and The Philosophy of the Inductive Sciences, Founded Upon Their History (1840, 1847, 1858–60). While the History traced how each branch of the sciences had evolved since antiquity, Whewell viewed the Philosophy as the "Moral" of the previous work as it sought to extract a universal theory of knowledge through history. In the latter, he attempted to follow Francis Bacon's plan for discovery. He examined ideas ("explication of conceptions") and by the "colligation of facts" endeavored to unite these ideas with the facts and so construct science.[11] This colligation is an "act of thought", a mental operation consisting of bringing together a number of empirical facts by "superinducing" upon them a conception which unites the facts and renders them capable of being expressed in general laws.[22]
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He corresponded with many in his field and helped them come up with neologisms for their discoveries. Whewell coined, among other terms, scientist,[2] physicist, linguistics, consilience, catastrophism, uniformitarianism, and astigmatism;[3] he suggested to Michael Faraday the terms electrode, ion, dielectric, anode, and cathode.[4][5]
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www.complexityexplorer.org www.complexityexplorer.org
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Rhetoric of encomium
How do institutions form around notions of merit?
Me: what about blurbs as evidence of implied social networks? Who blurbs whom? How are these invitations sent/received and by whom?
diachronic: how blurbs evolve over time
Signals, can blurbs predict: - the field of the work - gender - other
Emergence or decrease of signals with respect to time
Imitation of styles and choices. - how does this happen? contagion - I'm reminded of George Mathew Dutcher admonition:
Imitation to be avoided. Avoid the mannerisms and personal peculiarities of method or style of well-known writers, such as Carlyle or Macaulay. (see: https://hypothes.is/a/ROR3VCDEEe2sZNOy4rwRgQ )
Systematic studies of related words within corpora. (this idea should have a clever name) word2vec, word correlations, information theory
How does praise work?
metaphors within blurbs (eg: light, scintillating, brilliant, new lens, etc.)
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My blurb should have a blurb, it was so good. —Simon DeDeo (12:10)
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Rebecca Spang: Stuff and Money in the Time of the French Revolution (book)
Part of Sprang's process (per conversation with DeDeo) is reading each line out loud and revising it until it sounds good.
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Competing interpretations of ideas within the humanities. Ideas within the humanities can conflict with each other.
comparing/contrasting the humanities with respect to the sciences.
The humanities are interested in "the exceptional" or what is unique.
me: Idea of "new" in the humanities reflects a bit of the idea of "novel" in the sciences.
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Two traditions within the humanities: - Continental tradition: continuity with the sciences. - American tradition: reflection and interpretation
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What makes for good work in the humanities?
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"drawing together of distant phenomena" which William Whewell, master of trinity college, called conscilience (coinage).
(3:50)
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Tags
- merit
- Rebecca Sprang
- neologisms
- praise
- William Whewell
- corpus linguistics
- definitions
- philosophical approaches
- Simon DeDeo
- metaphors
- blurbs
- quotes
- quality
- traditions in the humanities
- rhetoric
- watch
- competing interpretations
- writing style
- Foundations & Applications of Humanities Analytics
- open questions
- information theory
- conscilience
- sciences vs. humanities
- consilience
- signaling merit
- writing advice
- humanities
Annotators
URL
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www.complexityexplorer.org www.complexityexplorer.org
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Consilience see https://sci-hub.se/10.1016/j.tics.2020.09.013.
Did they just publicly link to an article via SciHub?! This is a first for me.
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Sign (informal) Informally, a more general case of a signal in the informal sense.
How "informal" are we really being here?! informal 3x in 14 words....
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If the jargon points to a coherent phenomenon, it can be very useful.
When jargon or argot points to "coherent phenomenon" or provides a taxonomic purpose, it can be useful beyond its alternate function of gatekeeping areas of thought.
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These added elements form a frame for the main text, and can change the reception of a text or its interpretation by the public”. Blurbs are part of the paratext.
Paratext can be more important than the text itself as it's used to frame or encourage the ultimate work. Paratext can be an inviting lobby that welcomes the guest in or scares them away.
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“zeugma” is the use of the same word in two different senses in the same sentence: “he caught a fish, and a cold”.
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cmap.ihmc.us cmap.ihmc.us
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https://cmap.ihmc.us/docs/learn.php
<small><cite class='h-cite via'>ᔥ <span class='p-author h-card'>u/New-Investigator</span> in Concepts maps and Zettelkasten : Zettelkasten (<time class='dt-published'>02/07/2023 10:12:44</time>)</cite></small>
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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https://www.reddit.com/r/Zettelkasten/comments/10tpngb/concepts_maps_and_zettelkasten/
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Prof. Joseph Novak (Cornell) developed conceptual maps based on David Ausubel's subsumption (aka meaningful learning) theory and Piaget's concept of conceptual schemes. Conceptual maps have been proven successful across all levels of education worldwide (check Google Scholar).
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Zettelkasten can be described as a collection of conceptual maps in a written format.
What are the connections between zettelkasten and conceptual maps?
How are they different/similar to Tony Buzan's mind maps?
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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Is it worth it to create a Zettelkasten? .t3_10w5rvr._2FCtq-QzlfuN-SwVMUZMM3 { --postTitle-VisitedLinkColor: #9b9b9b; --postTitleLink-VisitedLinkColor: #9b9b9b; --postBodyLink-VisitedLinkColor: #989898; }
https://www.reddit.com/r/Zettelkasten/comments/10w5rvr/is_it_worth_it_to_create_a_zettelkasten/
What can zettelkasten/card indexes do or not do?<br /> Can they be used for learning?<br /> What are they for?
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www.srf.ch www.srf.ch
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Stettler, Lucia. “Geheime Gästekartei überlebt Hotelbrand – und birgt Zündstoff.” Schweizer Radio und Fernsehen (SRF), April 8, 2021, sec. Kultur. https://www.srf.ch/kultur/gesellschaft-religion/brisanter-fund-geheime-gaestekartei-ueberlebt-hotelbrand-und-birgt-zuendstoff.
<small><cite class='h-cite via'>ᔥ <span class='p-author h-card'>ManuelRodriguez331</span> in Advantages of Analog note taking : Zettelkasten (<time class='dt-published'>02/07/2023 08:33:25</time>)</cite></small>
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cc: @remikalir: Interesting example here of a historical collection of business files annotated by hotel staff used in a digital humanities perspective for semantic shift and tracking antisemitism over time.
Published book:<br /> Hechenblaikner, Lois, Andrea Kühbacher, and Rolf Zollinger. Keine Ostergrüsse mehr!: Die geheime Gästekartei des Grand Hotel Waldhaus in Vulpera. 3rd ed. Zürich: Edition Patrick Frey, 2021.
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Wie durch ein Wunder blieben vier Holzkisten mit hochbrisantem Inhalt verschont. Sie waren zum Zeitpunkt des Infernos in einem anderen Gebäude eingelagert. Sie enthielten 20'000 Gästekarten, die Concierges und Rezeptionisten zwischen 1920 und 1960 heimlich geführt hatten.
Google translate:
four wooden boxes with highly explosive contents were spared. They were stored in a different building at the time of the inferno. They contained 20,000 guest cards that concierges and receptionists had kept secretly between 1920 and 1960.
The Grandhotel Waldhaus burned down in 1989, but saved from the inferno were 20,000 guest cards with annotations about them that were compiled between 1920 and 1960.
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At the Grandhotel Waldhaus in Vulpera, Switzerland concierges and receptionists maintained a business-focused zettelkasten of cards. In addition to the typical business function these cards served denoting names, addresses, and rooms, the staff also made annotations commenting on the guests and their proclivities.
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Lois Hechenblaikner, Andrea Kühbacher, Rolf Zollinger (Hrsg.): «Keine Ostergrüsse mehr! Die geheime Gästekartei des Grandhotel Waldhaus in Vulpera». Edition Patrick Frey, 2021.Der reich bebilderte Band bietet eine spannende Reise in ein Stück Schweizer Tourismusgeschichte: Die Herausgeber haben die 20'000 Karteikarten aus den Jahren 1920-1960 sehr sorgfältig kuratiert, nach Themen gegliedert und in einen grösseren, gesellschaftlichen Zusammenhang gestellt.Die Leserinnen und Leser erfahren viel über die Klientel im Hotel Waldhaus, zum Teil sogar in kleinen biografischen Porträts; und sie können an konkreten Beispielen verfolgen, wie sich der Sprachgebrauch der Concierges im Laufe der Zeit verändert – gerade zum Beispiel im Zusammenhang mit jüdischen Gästen.
Google Translate:
Lois Hechenblaikner, Andrea Kühbacher, Rolf Zollinger (editors): «No more Easter greetings! The secret guest file of the Grandhotel Waldhaus in Vulpera". Edition Patrick Frey, 2021.
The richly illustrated volume offers an exciting journey into a piece of Swiss tourism history: the editors have very carefully curated the 20,000 index cards from the years 1920-1960, structured them by topic and placed them in a larger, social context.
The readers learn a lot about the clientele in the Hotel Waldhaus, sometimes even in small biographical portraits; and they can use concrete examples to follow how the concierge's use of language has changed over time - especially in connection with Jewish guests, for example.
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War eine Dame häufig an der Bar anzutreffen, nannte man sie hinter vorgehaltener Hand «Miss Martini».
Google translate:
If a lady was often to be found at the bar, she was called “Miss Martini” behind closed doors.
Use by hotel staff of rich clientele
Link to the idea of nominative determinism as somewhat related.
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Die Klientel bewegte sich unter ihresgleichen und hatte keine Ahnung, dass der höfliche Concierge an der Rezeption heimlich seinem Ärger Luft machte – mittels giftiger Kommentare: «Ganz grober Kerl; treibt es arg mit den Weibern», «Grosser Protz à la Neureich», «Rappenspalter», «blöde Ziege» oder «Beisszange».
Google translate:
The clientele moved among their own kind and had no idea the polite concierge at the front desk was secretly venting his anger with venomous comments: 'Very rude fellow; does it badly with the women", "Big Protz à la Neureich", "Rappensplitter", "Stupid Goat" or "Tongs".
Tags
- job names
- alcoholics
- references
- zettelkasten for cultural anthropology
- card index for business
- Switzerland
- digital humanities
- receptionists
- semantic shift
- cultural anthropology
- concierges
- zettelkasten
- fires
- annotations
- card index as diary
- Grandhotel Waldhaus
- antisemitism
- note collection loss and damage
- sociology
- zettelkasten for business
- historical linguistics
- insults
- nominative determinism
- XXI
- hotel fires
- card index for venting
- read
Annotators
URL
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rachelcritelli.com rachelcritelli.com
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http://rachelcritelli.com/blog/implementing-my-analog-zettelkasten/
another one pager on zettelkasten, though this one has at least a handful of the most common modern references
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www.thecrimson.com www.thecrimson.com
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https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/2/2/donovan-forced-leave-hks/
This is a massive loss for HKS, but a potential major win for the school that picks the project up.
It seems to be a sad use of "rules" to shut down a project which may not jive with an administrations' perspective/needs.
Read on Fri 2023-02-03 at 7:14 PM
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cathieleblanc.com cathieleblanc.com
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https://cathieleblanc.com/2023/02/05/choosing-learning-materials/
Cathie notices that students skip materials about the theoretical "why" of assignments to get to the simpler assignments.
This seems to be an issue with some in the personal knowledge management space who want to jump into the technology, the terminology, and moving things about without always understanding what they're doing or why. Many end up giving up as a result. Few books provide reasoning behind the terminologies or building blocks they describe to provide the theoretical why. As a result some may figure it out from long, fraught practice, but it's likely that more are not seeing the results they expect and thus giving up.
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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read on Sat 202302-04T19:46:00-08:00
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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I started analog 08/09, went digital 09/10, went software-agnostic 11. All dates within 6month margin of error.
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Current count: 12.258
u/FastSascha reported 12,258 notes ("cards" on 2022-08-13), which presuming a start around 2013 (the beginning of zettelkasten.de) gives him 3.73 notes per day.
Update:<br /> Sascha reports starting analog notes around 08/09 then he went digital 09/10, and software-agnostic in 11.
This gives him 12,258 notes over 14 years (5,110 days) or 2.4 notes per day.
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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With a category you can just bypass idea-connection and jump right to storage.
Categorizing ideas (and or indexing them for search) can be useful for quick bulk storage, but the additional work of linking ideas to each other with in a Luhmann-esque zettelkasten can be more useful in the long term in developing ideas.
Storage by category means that ideas aren't immediately developed explicitly, but it means that that work is pushed until some later time at which the connections must be made to turn them into longer works (articles, papers, essays, books, etc.)
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writing.bobdoto.computer writing.bobdoto.computer
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https://writing.bobdoto.computer/how-to-use-folgezettel-in-your-zettelkasten-everything-you-need-to-know-to-get-started/
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A long alphanumeric ID is an immediate indicator that a train of thought has been developing.
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Using an alphanumeric identification system for your notes is a workout. By having to situate new notes among previously imported ones, folgezettel forces at least one connection between ideas. It's mental calisthenics,8 acting as a check against capture bloat—that is, importing "all the things."
Those who practice analog note taking have a high level of friction which prevents them from over-collecting (or "capture bloat", importing "all the things", or "collector's fallacy") ideas, which may not rise to a certain level of value. Beyond this, the requirement to find at least one other note to link each idea to provides a smaller hurdle against these hoarding practices.
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incremental_reading
Incremental reading is spaced parallel reading of multiple sources with note taking and spaced repetition.
It's not far from how I read and take notes myself, though I place less emphasis on the spaced repetition piece as I tend to run across things naturally within my note collection anyway.
One of the major potential benefits of incremental reading (not mentioned in the Wikipedia article; is it in Wozniak's work?) is the increase of combinatorial creativity created by mixing a variety of topics simultaneously.
There is also likely a useful diffuse thinking effect happening between reading sessions.
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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sourceforge.net sourceforge.net
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www.pendrivelinux.com www.pendrivelinux.com
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www.harpgallery.com www.harpgallery.com
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https://www.harpgallery.com/shop/item42735.html
https://www.harpgallery.com/photos/42/7/35/card42735file3.jpg?v=1664570467
Photo here indicates offices at:<br /> - [255] Canal Street, New York - [???] Chestnut [??], Philadelphia - [???- ???] Mission [??], San Francisco
With manufacturing in Ilion, NY
Refinished 4 drawer 3x5 sold for $750 on 2023-01-11
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www.ebay.com www.ebay.com
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https://www.ebay.com/itm/115316277621
Clarke & Baker Co. had offices in New York and Philadelphia
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www.ebay.com www.ebay.com
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https://www.ebay.com/itm/255962754535
Clarke & Baker, 280 Broadway manufactured card index boxes in the early 1900s.
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www.marcusrediker.com www.marcusrediker.com
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https://www.marcusrediker.com/
I particularly love the pirate map he's got as the background for his homepage.
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Kawakatsu, Mari, Philip S. Chodrow, Nicole Eikmeier, and Daniel B. Larremore. “Emergence of Hierarchy in Networked Endorsement Dynamics.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 16 (April 20, 2021): e2015188118. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2015188118.
Reading with respect to suggestion of:<br /> DeDeo, Simon, and Elizabeth A. Hobson. “From Equality to Hierarchy.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 21 (May 25, 2021): e2106186118. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2106186118.
See: related notes at https://hypothes.is/a/doCbOKJYEe27O1tS21jybA
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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https://docdrop.org/pdf/From-equality-to-hierarchy---DeDeo-Simon-l891k.pdf/
Broadly seen, this paper seems to be more a summary and brief commentary on that of Kawakatsu et al.
Where do the references converge/diverge? What's really added?
I want to see the related paper: From hierarchy to equality.
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in the Newcomb Fraternity data, prestige isgoverned by the holistic“SpringRank”function: To be cool, it isnot enough for people to think you are cool—you must bethought to be cool by the right people.
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Consensus about rank, for example, enablessuccessful third-party conflict management, such as policing byhigh-ranking members (10). Groups can benefit when rank con-ditions and channels behavior (11).
The broad statements would seem to be proof of a general principle based on a single study within a specific scope. Do the results really justify such broad supposition based on n=1. We'll have to read these papers to tease this apart.
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What signals are available to participants,and how are they compiled into estimates of rank? Their modelassumes that knowledge of rank is noisy, but not (statistically) biased.While we can build more-sophisticated models of the biases in ourjudgments, however, Kawakatsu et al.’s (1) success highlights thevirtues of simplicity. It is possible, for example, that, even if the sig-nals are not accurate at first, we might act to make them so.
In the fraternity and other social spaces, how does one correct for a "bad first date", a botched meeting, or a lone bad day? Does statistical thermodynamics as a model provide clues? How would rank be determined here in an unbiased way? What about individual chemical affinities and how chemical interactions change and/or bias the samples?
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they must be visible enough to provide commonexpectations.
Useful ranks versus unuseful ranks... list them. What factors separate them and why?
For ranks to provide useful outcomes, they must be visible and their underlying factors should be transparent.
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rank is not an assessment of who has thebest intrinsic properties, but rather a useful consensus view thatprovides rules for how to behave toward others.
Rank (social or otherwise) can be a signal for predictability from the perspective of consensus views for how to behave towards others with respect to the abilities or values being measured.
Ranking people for some sort of technical ability may be a better objective measure rather than ranking people on social status which is far less objective from a humanist perspective. In employment situations, individuals are more likely to rely on social and cultural biases and racist tendencies rather than on objective measures with respect to the job at hand. How can we better objectify the actual underlying values over and above the more subjective ones.
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First, rank can be an efficient way to summarize the accurate,but noisy, perceptions of individuals.
rank as signal processing
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What things does a hierarchy help a group get done?
A great question.
But also can those things also be done via other mechanisms which don't involve harms (particularly to those lowest in the hierarchy?)
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M. G. Marmot, G. Rose, M. Shipley, P. J. Hamilton, Employment grade and coronary heart disease in British civil servants.J. Epidemiol. Community Health32,244–249 (1978).7R. M. Sapolsky, The influence of social hierarchy on primate health.Science308, 648–652 (2005)
Want to read with respect to https://hypothes.is/a/hFZ1mqTgEe2MHU8Jfedg_A
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While hierarchies might benefitthe group as a whole, the benefits are distributedunequally, with those at the bottom suffering the most(6, 7).
Is this the reason that we have such social problems in the United States? Hierarchies may benefit us as a whole, but somehow those at the bottom (along with a racist presumption that that's where they below) are hurt the most?
How do we turn this on it's head?
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How Rank Works
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Kawakatsu et al. (1) make an important ad-vance in the quest for this kind of understanding, pro-viding a general model for how subtle differences inindividual-level decision-making can lead to hard-to-miss consequences for society as a whole.Their work (1) reveals two distinct regimes—oneegalitarian, one hierarchical—that emerge fromshifts in individual-level judgment. These lead to sta-tistical methods that researchers can use to reverseengineer observed hierarchies, and understand howsignaling systems work when prestige and power arein play.
M. Kawakatsu, P. S. Chodrow, N. Eikmeier, D. B. Larremore, Emergence of hierarchy in networked endorsement dynamics. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 118, e2015188118 (2021)
This may be of interest to Jerry Michalski et al.
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old Scottish proverb says, “give a Dog an illName, and he’ll soon be hanged.”
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DeDeo, Simon, and Elizabeth A. Hobson. “From Equality to Hierarchy.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 21 (May 25, 2021): e2106186118. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2106186118.
Tags
- rank
- proverbs
- names
- references
- power dynamics
- Elizabeth A. Hobson
- PageRank
- signal processing
- models
- human resources
- prestige
- health
- social signaling
- Simon DeDeo
- hierarchies
- thermodynamics
- affordances
- SpringRank
- Scotland
- open questions
- Foundations & Applications of Humanities Analytics
- sociology
- dogs
- decision making
- equality
- power frameworks
- read
- want to read
Annotators
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www.psychologytoday.com www.psychologytoday.com
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Local file Local file
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The sacrifice to the devil might seem like it was made up forshock value, the author trying (as often) to provoke his bourgeoisreaders by suggesting even the most reprobate criminals werecapable of better behavior than their own. But it might well beaccurate, as, we’ll see, descriptions of Malagasy ritual in the samechapter appear to be.*
Author moralizing versus actual history?
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North decidingtheir Disputes not seldom, with that Impartiality and strictRegard to distributive Justice (for he was allowed, by all, aMan of admirable good natural Parts) that he ever sentaway, even the Party who was cast, satisfy’d with theReason, and content with the Equity of his Decisions.
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The slave trade was nothing new in Madagascar. Arabmerchants had been taking advantage of internal wars to extractcaptives since the Middle Ages.
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Nonetheless, works of popular fiction appeared, the first, a pamphletin 1709 under the title The Life and Adventures of Capt. John Avery;the Famous English Pirate, Now in Possession of Madagascar, byAdrian van Broeck.
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One of the first writers to take up the cause ofthe new pirate state was a young Daniel Defoe, who in 1707published in his journal Review an elaborate case for recognizingAvery’s kingdom:
Was this the same broadside mentioned earlier that others of the time were reading?
What is the specific reference?
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Peter the Greatcontemplated using alliance with the pirates to establish a Russiancolony on Madagascar.5
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TheSwedish government actually signed initial treaties and prepared tosend an ambassador before discovering the ruse;
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he British government duly declared Avery an “enemyof all mankind” and an international manhunt was announced—theworld’s first.
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careen
careen<br /> turn (a ship) on its side for cleaning, caulking, or repair.
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Ranters, a radical working-class antinomian movement that twogenerations before had openly preached the abolition of privateproperty and existing sexual morality.
potential influence on pirates?
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blasphemy, and the systematic rejection of religion, was anothermatter.
Recall both the seriousness and the violence and cruelty of the Salem witch trials which were roughly contemporaneous.
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John Plantain was born in Chocolate Hole, on the Island ofJamaica, of English Parents, who took care to bestow onhim the best Education they themselves were possess’d of:which was to curse, swear, and blaspheme, from the time ofhis first learning to speak.2
Plantain doesn't seem like an English sir name... indicative perhaps of mixed-race parentage of the time? The rough language reflects not only on Plantain, but his parents, which tends to back up the questionable parentage on all fronts.
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The pirate flag, which existed in many variations, is revealingin itself. It was normally taken to be an image of the devil, but often itcontained not only a skull or skeleton, but also an hourglass,signifying not a threat (“you are going to die”) so much as a sheerstatement of defiance (“we are going to die, it’s only a matter oftime”)—which crews making out such a flag on the horizon would
likely have found, if anything, even more terrifying. Flying the Jolly Roger was a crew’s way of announcing they accepted they were on their way to hell.
What was the origin of the idea of memento mori? Did this concept within piracy influence early masons who practiced memento mori?
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Perhaps the best that could be said of them is that theirbrutality was in no way unusual by the standards of their time, buttheir democratic practices were almost completely unprecedented.
If the theory in Colin Woodard's American Nations is applicable here, where would these pirates/proto-democratic practitioners have gotten their ideals from to have infected the larger group? What did their social networks look like such that they evolved this way? Was there some common source (written/oral) that they may have used 20-50 years earlier that created their own generation?
Tags
- Peter the Great
- blasphemy
- abolition of private property
- religion
- Sweden
- 1709
- Henry Avery
- definitions
- 1707
- memento mori
- colonization
- Middle Ages
- Arab mercantilism
- Ranters
- Adrian van Broeck
- Madagascar
- pirates
- Daniel Defoe
- firsts
- antinomian movements
- distributive justice
- open questions
- sexual morality
- XVII
- international manhunts
- slavery
- pirate diplomacy
- brutality
- Salem witch trials
- founder effects
- John Avery
- Colin Woodard
- Masons
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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The Ranters were one of a number of dissenting groups that emerged around the time of the Commonwealth of England (1649–1660). They were largely common people,[1] and the movement was widespread throughout England, though they were not organised and had no leader.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranters
See also The Antinomian Controversy<br /> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antinomian_Controversy
The Antinomian Controversy, also known as the Free Grace Controversy, was a religious and political conflict in the Massachusetts Bay Colony from 1636 to 1638.
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forum.obsidian.md forum.obsidian.md
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https://forum.obsidian.md/t/how-do-you-manage-pornographic-productivity-in-obsidian/15906
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That is, a part of my note taking process involves the physical act of writing, sketching ideas, etc., and I form a picture in my mind of particularly relevant – perhaps “evergreen” in Obsidian-speak – notes.
Example of someone who associates "evergreen notes" as "Obsidian-speak".
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Even after making positive changes through the LYT framework I’m still fighting my instincts to fiddle with all the things™ and not actually engage in the content. It’s totally a way I procrastinate or get hit with productivity paralysis, like @Erisred mentioned because everything has to be perfect before I can engage with it.
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Realistically, I view this as the same problem students who “highlight everything” have. It’s not a problem with the nature of highlighters — it’s a problem of metacognition.
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It’s a big problem with the bullet journal community too, unfortunately.
I'm definitely not the only one to notice this pattern of productivity porn in the bullet journal space.
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In paper books I use Cal Newport’s “Morse Code method” placing a dot in the margin by a main point and a dash in the margin by a supporting point.
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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According to Shulman, "Cargo-cult is a belief that mock airplanes made of manure and straw-bale may summon the real airplanes who bring canned beef. Reverse cargo-cult is used by the political elites in countries lagging behind who proclaim that, in the developed world, airplanes are also made of manure and straw-bale, and there is also a shortage of canned beef."[29]
"Екатерина Шульман: Практический Нострадамус, или 12 умственных привычек, которые мешают нам предвидеть будущее". vedomosti/ (in Russian). Retrieved 24 June 2021.
A Note on the Cargo Cult of Zettelkasten
Modern cargo cults can be seen in many technology and productivity spaces where people are pulled in by exaggerated (or sometimes even real claims) of productivity or the general "magic" of a technology or method.
An example is Niklas Luhmann's use of his zettelkasten which has created a cargo cult of zettelkasten aspirants and users who read one or more of the short one page blog posts about his unreasonable productivity and try to mimic it without understanding the system, how it works, or how to make it work for them. They often spend several months collecting notes, and following the motions, but don't realize the promised gains and may eventually give up, sometimes in shame (or as so-called "rubbish men") while watching others still touting its use.
To prevent one's indoctrination into the zettelkasten cult, I'll make a few recommendations:
Distance yourself from the one or two page blog posts or the breathless YouTube delineations. Ask yourself very pointedly: what you hope to get out of such a process? What's your goal? Does that goal align with others' prior uses and their outcomes?
Be careful of the productivity gurus who are selling expensive courses and whose focus may not necessarily be on your particular goals. Some are selling very pointed courses, which is good, while others are selling products which may be so broad that they'll be sure to have some success stories, but their hodge-podge mixture of methods won't suit your particular purpose, or worse, you'll have to experiment with pieces of their courses to discover what may suit your modes of working and hope they'll suffice in the long run. Some are selling other productivity solutions for task management like getting things done (GTD) or bullet journals, which can be a whole other cargo cults in and of themselves. Don't conflate these![^1] The only thing worse than being in a cargo cult is being in multiple at the same time.
If you go the digital route, be extremely wary of shiny object syndrome. Everyone has a favorite tool and will advocate that it's the one you should be using. (Often their method of use will dictate how much they love it potentially over and above the affordances of the tool itself.) All of these tools can be endlessly configured, tweaked, or extended with plugins or third party services. Everyone wants to show you their workflow and set up, lots of which is based on large amounts of work and experimentation. Ignore 99.999% of this. Most tools are converging to a similar feature set, so pick a reasonable one that seems like it'll be around in 5 years (and which has export, just in case). Try out the very basic features for several months before you change anything. Don't add endless plugins and widgets. You're ultimately using a digital tool to recreate the functionality of index cards, a pencil, and a box. How complicated should this really be? Do you need to spend hundreds of hours tweaking your system to save yourself a few minutes a year? Be aware that far too many people touting the system and marketers talking about the tools are missing several thousands of years of uses of some of these basic literacy-based technologies. Don't join their island cult, but instead figure out how the visiting culture has been doing this for ages.[^2] Recall Will Hunting's admonition against cargo cults in education: “You wasted $150,000 on an education you coulda got for $1.50 in late fees at the public library.”[^3]
Most people ultimately realize that the output of their own thinking is only as good as the inputs they're consuming. Leverage this from the moment you begin and ignore the short bite-sized advice for longer form or older advice from those with experience. You're much more likely to get more long term value out of reading Umberto Eco or Mortimer J. Adler & Charles van Doren[^4] than you are an equivalent amount of time reading blog posts, watching YouTube videos, or trolling social media like Reddit and Twitter.
Realize that reaching your goal is going to take honest-to-goodness actual work, though there is potential for fun. No matter how shiny or optimized your system, you've still got to do the daily work of reading, watching, listening and using it to create anything. Focus on this daily work and don't get sidetracked by the minutiae of trying to shave off just a few more seconds.[^5] In short, don't get caught up in the "productivity porn" of it all. Even the high priest at whose altar they worship once wrote on a slip he filed:
"A ghost in the note card index? Spectators visit [my office to see my notes] and they get to see everything and nothing all at once. Ultimately, like having watched a porn movie, their disappointment is correspondingly high." —Niklas Luhmann. <small>“Geist im Kasten?” ZKII 9/8,3. Niklas Luhmann-Archiv. Accessed December 10, 2021. https://niklas-luhmann-archiv.de/bestand/zettelkasten/zettel/ZK_2_NB_9-8-3_V. (Personal translation from German with context added.)</small>
[^1] Aldrich, Chris. “Zettelkasten Overreach.” BoffoSocko (blog), February 5, 2022. https://boffosocko.com/2022/02/05/zettelkasten-overreach/.
[^2]: Blair, Ann M. Too Much to Know: Managing Scholarly Information before the Modern Age. Yale University Press, 2010. https://yalebooks.yale.edu/book/9780300165395/too-much-know.
[^3]: Good Will Hunting. Miramax, Lawrence Bender Productions, 1998.
[^4]: Adler, Mortimer J., and Charles Van Doren. How to Read a Book: The Classic Guide to Intelligent Reading. Revised and Updated edition. 1940. Reprint, New York: Simon & Schuster, 1972.
[^5]: Munroe, Randall. “Is It Worth the Time?” Web comic. xkcd, April 29, 2013. https://xkcd.com/1205/.
Recommended resources
Choose only one of the following and remember you may not need to read the entire work:
Ahrens, Sönke. How to Take Smart Notes: One Simple Technique to Boost Writing, Learning and Thinking – for Students, Academics and Nonfiction Book Writers. Create Space, 2017.
Allosso, Dan, and S. F. Allosso. How to Make Notes and Write. Minnesota State Pressbooks, 2022. https://minnstate.pressbooks.pub/write/.
Bernstein, Mark. Tinderbox: The Tinderbox Way. 3rd ed. Watertown, MA: Eastgate Systems, Inc., 2017. http://www.eastgate.com/Tinderbox/TinderboxWay/index.html.
Dow, Earle Wilbur. Principles of a Note-System for Historical Studies. New York: Century Company, 1924.
Eco, Umberto. How to Write a Thesis. Translated by Caterina Mongiat Farina and Geoff Farina. 1977. Reprint, Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT Press, 2015. https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/how-write-thesis.
Gessner, Konrad. Pandectarum Sive Partitionum Universalium. 1st Edition. Zurich: Christoph Froschauer, 1548.
Goutor, Jacques. The Card-File System of Note-Taking. Approaching Ontario’s Past 3. Toronto: Ontario Historical Society, 1980. http://archive.org/details/cardfilesystemof0000gout.
Sertillanges, Antonin Gilbert, and Mary Ryan. The Intellectual Life: Its Spirit, Conditions, Methods. First English Edition, Fifth printing. 1921. Reprint, Westminster, MD: The Newman Press, 1960. http://archive.org/details/a.d.sertillangestheintellectuallife.
Webb, Sidney, and Beatrice Webb. Methods of Social Study. London; New York: Longmans, Green & Co., 1932. http://archive.org/details/b31357891.
Weinberg, Gerald M. Weinberg on Writing: The Fieldstone Method. New York, N.Y: Dorset House, 2005.
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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elizabethfilips.podia.com elizabethfilips.podia.com
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If you don't like Zettlekasten (I have my "own" version of Zettlekasten that I use so it's not 100% the original, but it's very heavily based on it - if you hate Zettlekasten this really isn't going to work).
https://elizabethfilips.podia.com/validation-cohort-muse
Elizabeth Filips is running a validation cohort for a course (presumably called MUSE, the marketing name for her "system" as well) on how to take notes and build a zettelkasten (or a second brain—there's evidence that she's taken Tiago Forte's course). She's got some indications that she's using a zettelkasten-like method for creation, but her burgeoning empire also appears to be firmly centered in the productivity porn space. I'm curious how she views her Muse system being different from a zettelkasten?
She's got an incredibly focused sales funnel web presence here.
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Local file Local file
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Tagging for personal knowledge management is a subject unto itself. Whilenot necessary to get started, I’ve written a free bonus chapter on tags you candownload at Buildingasecondbrain.com/bonuschapter.
Forte's book is a pathway that acts as just another part of his sophisticated sales funnel.
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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This process has as much todo with taking ownership of ideas as it does with apps.
Too many in the productivity porn space focus on the apps and the potential workflows without looking at the question "why" at all. It's rare that any focus on understanding or actual output.
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QuzRkac2n-c
Beginning to realize that some of the pattern that I describe as productivity porn is more likely done as a means of creativity, art, or even therapeutic use.
In this one (at the end), she's got a notebook specifically for putting washi tape into because it's calming and therapeutic.
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archive.org archive.org
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Attribution to Defoe is based on internal textual relationship to his works of proven authorship together with supporting external evidence. Cf. J. H. Moore. Defoe in the pillory. Bloomington, Ind., 1939, p. 126-188. However, see also P.N. Furbank and W.R. Owens, The canonisation of Daniel Defoe, for a refutation of Defoe's authorship of this work
https://archive.org/details/generalhistoryof00john/page/62/mode/2up
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www.harperacademic.com www.harperacademic.com
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Winchester, Simon. Knowing What We Know: The Transmission of Knowledge: From Ancient Wisdom to Modern Magic, 2023. https://www.harperacademic.com/book/9780063142886/knowing-what-we-know.
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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I agree.After thinking about it for a bit, a common symbol for "the present card/note" is the one I'm most wanting.For the other stuff, I'm thinking:The squigly arrow symbol in latex is probably enough to do fuzziness. Then it could be squigly arrow to the current card or squigly arrow to not symbol current card. And for pen and paper, just use the biochem flat arrow with a squigly body for "somewhat contradicts" or is in tension with.
reply to stjeromeslibido at https://www.reddit.com/r/Zettelkasten/comments/10qw4l5/comment/j6x52ce/?utm_source=reddit&utm_medium=web2x&context=3
Luhmann often used the shorthand of red numbers to indicate a link to nearby card in the current branch/stem, which Scott Scheper calls "stemlinks" in Antinet Zettelkasten (2022) p234. So, for example, on card ZKII 9/8 there is a red "1" which indicates the branching card ZKII 9/8,1. Scott uses a more computer science oriented notation of "/1" to indicate this as if he were traversing up or down a folder structure. Since there isn't really a (useful) idea of a root or home folder, and one wouldn't often want to refer to their zettelkasten itself, one might consider using the solidus "/" to indicate the current card? I personally do this, but not very frequently, though I might do it more often with respect to indicating argumentation within and among other cards.
Some languages have location/proximity identifiers or markers (similar to here/there/over there). I'll sometimes use the Japanese markers (ko-so-a-do) as shorthand to provide rough approximation of idea relationships particularly when I have open questions. (example: kore, sore, are, dore -> this one, that one, that one over there, which one?) Many ideas are marked あ to indicate "just out of reach" or "needs additional thought". When ideas are adjacent or nearby, but by happenstance are relatively far away within my ZK (with respect to physical card distance in the box) they'll be pre-pended like こ/510/4b/3 (aka "ko"/510/4b/3).
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Are there symbols for 'supported by' or 'contradicted by' etc. to show not quite formal logical relations in a short hand?
reply to u/stjeromeslibido at https://www.reddit.com/r/Zettelkasten/comments/10qw4l5/are_there_symbols_for_supported_by_or/
In addition to the other excellent suggestions, I don't think you'll find anything specific that that was used historically for these, but there are certainly lots of old annotation symbols you might be able to co-opt for your personal use.
Evina Steinova has a great free cheat sheet list of annotation symbols: The Most Common Annotation Symbols in Early Medieval Western Manuscripts (a cheat sheet).
More of this rabbit hole:
- Steinová, Evina. Notam Superponere Studui: The Use of Annotation Symbols in the Early Middle Ages. Brepols, 2019.
- Cappelli, Adriano. The Elements of Abbreviation in Medieval Latin Paleography. University of Kansas Libr., 1984.
- Coulson, Frank, and Robert Babcock. The Oxford Handbook of Latin Palaeography. Oxford University Press, 2020.
- Lindsay, W. M. Notae Latinae. Cambridge University Press, 2013. https://archive.org/download/notaelatinaeacco00lindrich/notaelatinaeacco00lindrich.pdf.
- Bains, Doris. A Supplement to Notae Latinae (Abbreviations in Latin Mss. of 850 to 1050 A.D.). Cambridge [England] University Press, 1936. http://archive.org/details/supplementtonota0000bain.
(Nota bene: most of my brief research here only extends to Western traditions, primarily in Latin and Greek. Obviously other languages and eras will have potential ideas as well.)
Tironian shorthand may have something you could repurpose as well: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tironian_notes
Some may find the auxiliary signs of the Universal Decimal Classification useful for some of these sorts of notations for conjoining ideas.
Given the past history of these sorts of symbols and their uses, perhaps it might be useful for us all to aggregate a list of common ones we all use as a means of re-standardizing some of them in modern contexts? Which ones does everyone use?
Here are some I commonly use:
Often for quotations, citations, and provenance of ideas, I'll use Maria Popova and Tina Roth Eisenberg's Curator's Code:
- ᔥ for "via" to denote a direct quotation/source— something found elsewhere and written with little or no modification or elaboration (reformulation notes)
- ↬ for "hat tip" to stand for indirect discovery — something for which you got the idea at a source, but modified or elaborated on significantly (inspiration by a source, but which needn't be cited)
Occasionally I'll use a few nanoformats, from the microblogging space, particularly
- L: to indicate location
For mathematical proofs, in addition to their usual meanings, I'll use two symbols to separate biconditionals (necessary/sufficient conditions)
- (⇒) as a heading for the "if" portion of the proof
- (⇐) for the "only if" portion
Some historians may write 19c to indicate 19th Century, often I'll abbreviate using Roman numerals instead, so "XIX".
Occasionally, I'll also throw drolleries or other symbols into my margins to indicate idiosyncratic things that may only mean something specifically to me. This follows in the medieval traditions of the ars memoria, some of which are suggested in Cornwell, Hilarie, and James Cornwell. Saints, Signs, and Symbols: The Symbolic Language of Christian Art 3rd Edition. Church Publishing, Inc., 2009. The modern day equivalent of this might be the use of emoji with slang meanings or 1337 (leet) speak.
Tags
- stemlinks
- ars memoria
- leet speak
- note taking affordances
- proximity markers
- hat tip
- reply
- Tina Roth Eisenberg
- shorthand
- annotation symbols
- paleography
- Medieval texts
- Tironian shorthand
- LaTeX
- Universal Decimal Classification
- symbology
- manuscript studies
- Evina Steinova
- tools for thought
- nanoformats
- Curator's Code
- via
- emoji
- Maria Popova
- solidus
Annotators
URL
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www.pnas.org www.pnas.org
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See annotations on .pdf copy at https://docdrop.org/pdf/From-equality-to-hierarchy---DeDeo-Simon-l891k.pdf/
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Instead of trying to resolve in general this problem of how macroscopic clas-sical physics behavior emerges in a measurement process, one can adopt thefollowing two principles as providing a phenomenological description of whatwill happen, and these allow one to make precise statistical predictions usingquantum theory
To resolve the measurement problem from quantum mechanics into the classical realm, one can use the observables principle and the Born rule.
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Principle (The Born rule). Given an observable O and two unit-norm states|ψ1〉 and |ψ2〉 that are eigenvectors of O with distinct eigenvalues λ1 and λ2O|ψ1〉 = λ1|ψ1〉, O|ψ2〉 = λ2|ψ2〉the complex linear combination statec1|ψ1〉 + c2|ψ2〉will not have a well-defined value for the observable O. If one attempts tomeasure this observable, one will get either λ1 or λ2, with probabilities|c21||c21| + |c22|and |c22||c21| + |c22|respectively.
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Principle (Observables). States for which the value of an observable can becharacterized by a well-defined number are the states that are eigenvectors forthe corresponding self-adjoint operator. The value of the observable in such astate will be a real number, the eigenvalue of the operator.
What does he mean precisely by "principle"?
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~ is a dimensional constant, called Planck’s constant, the value of whichdepends on what units one uses for time and for energy. It has the dimensions[energy] · [time] and its experimental values are1.054571726(47) × 10−34Joule · seconds = 6.58211928(15) × 10−16eV · seconds(eV is the unit of “electron-Volt”, the energy acquired by an electron movingthrough a one-Volt electric potential). The most natural units to use for quan-tum mechanical problems would be energy and time units chosen so that ~ = 1.
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Axiom (Dynamics). There is a distinguished quantum observable, the Hamil-tonian H. Time evolution of states |ψ(t)〉 ∈ H is given by the Schr ̈odingerequationi~ ddt |ψ(t)〉 = H|ψ(t)〉 (1.1)
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Axiom (States). The state of a quantum mechanical system is given by a non-zero vector in a complex vector space H with Hermitian inner product 〈·, ·〉.
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Axiom (Quantum observables). The observables of a quantum mechanical sys-tem are given by self-adjoint linear operators on H.
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We will sometimes use the notation introduced by Dirac for vectors in the statespace H: such a vector with a label ψ is denoted|ψ〉
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Weyl’s insight that quantization of a classical system crucially involves un-derstanding the Lie groups that act on the classical phase space and the uni-tary representations of these groups
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Eugene P. Wigner, The unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics in thenatural sciences, Comm. Pure Appl. Math. 13 (1960), 1–14.
Tags
- Born rule
- unitary representations
- measurement theory
- Hermann Weyl
- quantum mechanics
- eigenvectors
- self-adjoint operators
- definitions
- mathematics
- Schrödinger equation
- Planck's constant
- measurement problem
- Dirac notation
- constants
- quantum observables
- Hamiltonian
- state spaces
- physics
- axioms
- decoherence
- unreasonable effectiveness
- Lie groups
- Eugene Wigner
- unreasonable productivity
- representation theory
- want to read
- classical mechanics
Annotators
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www.billboard.com www.billboard.com
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After remaining members of the group performed a tribute to the late Glenn Frey during the Grammys and the show cut to commercial, the group inside the Staples Center saw a bit more. Show producer Ken Ehrlich stopped them from leaving the stage. He said when they were nominated for “Hotel California” in 1977, they didn’t want to attend the awards if they weren’t sure they were going to win, so they didn’t — and then he and Neil Portnow gave them their trophy, all these years later, for “one of the best albums ever made.”
https://www.billboard.com/music/awards/eagles-accept-hotel-california-award-grammys-2016-6875350/
Eagles skipped the Grammys in 1977 because they didn't want to attend if they weren't sure they were going to win. The ultimately did win that night, but weren't presented with the award until the 2016 Grammys at the Staples Center where the remaining members of the group performed a tribute to the late Glenn Frey.
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genius.com genius.com
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Some dance to rememberSome dance to forget
—Eagles, Hotel California, track 1 on the album Hotel California<br /> https://genius.com/Eagles-hotel-california-lyrics
In many oral societies, dance is a common tool for memory in much the same way that we might pick up a pen and write. Though written in and performed in one of the most literate societies in human history, one might replace "dance" in Hotel California with other forms like writing: "Some write to remember; Some write to forget".
The first half might be interpreted by the majority as a tautology, but others write in their diaries as a means to purge their memories and let go of them. Similarly the idea of "morning pages" are designed to allow one to purge their surface thoughts so that they can clear their mind for other work: writing to forget.
(Without hearing this song this morning, I kept (diffuse) thinking about the two line endings "...to remember / ...to forget" until I made the connection to the lyrics and then immediately bridged this to orality.)
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recipes.hypotheses.org recipes.hypotheses.org
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math.stackexchange.com math.stackexchange.com
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abbreviationes.net abbreviationes.net
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q2zY7l2tzoQ
Ugh... another short mediocre introduction. Repeats the origin myth.
Seems to take a very Ahrens' based framing, but screws up a few pieces. More focus on "hub notes" and completely misses the idea of an index somehow?!?
The last section of 2+ minutes really goes off the rails and recommends converting notes from other places and muddles about "Favorite problems" (ostensibly a reference to Feynman's 12 Favorite Problems, but isn't direct about it?).
Also encourages the "Feynman technique"...
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linkingmanifesto.org linkingmanifesto.orgHome1
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Manifesto for Ubiquitous Linking
Some interesting early signers here... Brett Terpstra, Frode Alexander Hegland, Mark Bernstein (Tinderbox)...
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zettelkasten.de zettelkasten.de
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re: https://hypothes.is/a/HqT-lG1fEeqHX7fnzQAfGg
A zettelkasten provides a catalytic surface to which ideas in the "solution of life" can more easily adhere to speed their reaction with ideas you've already seen and collected.
Once combined via linking, further thinking and writing, they can be released as novel ideas for everyone to use.
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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One can find utility in asking questions of their own note box, but why not also leverage the utility of a broader audience asking questions of it as well?!
One of the values of social media is that it can allow you to practice or rehearse the potential value of ideas and potentially getting useful feedback on individual ideas which you may be aggregating into larger works.
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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If something is not worth a note card, then I don't read it
—u/IamOkei https://www.reddit.com/r/antinet/comments/10qpphw/given_that_you_do_analog_notemaking_do_you/
link to John Water's quote: https://hypothes.is/a/E6wDpPfVEey88SclTBoJPQ
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connect.springerpub.com connect.springerpub.com
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The three levels of oppression—interpersonal, institutional, and internalized—are linked with each other and all three feed off of and reinforce each other. In other words, all three levels of oppression work together to maintain a state of oppression.
https://connect.springerpub.com/highwire_display/entity_view/node/136595/content_details
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- Jan 2023
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www.complexityexplorer.org www.complexityexplorer.org
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3.1 Guest Lecture: Lauren Klein » Q&A on "What is Feminist Data Science?"<br /> https://www.complexityexplorer.org/courses/162-foundations-applications-of-humanities-analytics/segments/15631
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c7HmG5b87B8
Theories of Power
Patricia Hill Collins' matrix of domination - no hierarchy, thus the matrix format
What are other broad theories of power? are there schools?
Relationship to Mary Parker Follett's work?
Bright, Liam Kofi, Daniel Malinsky, and Morgan Thompson. “Causally Interpreting Intersectionality Theory.” Philosophy of Science 83, no. 1 (January 2016): 60–81. https://doi.org/10.1086/684173.
about Bayesian modeling for intersectionality
Where is Foucault in all this? Klein may have references, as I've not got the context.
How do words index action? —Laura Klein
The power to shape discourse and choose words - relationship to soft power - linguistic memes
Color Conventions Project
20:15 Word embeddings as a method within her research
General result (outside of the proximal research) discussed: women are more likely to change language... references for this?
[[academic research skills]]: It's important to be aware of the current discussions within one's field. (LK)
36:36 quantitative imperialism is not the goal of humanities analytics, lived experiences are incredibly important as well. (DK)
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www.complexityexplorer.org www.complexityexplorer.org
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HwkRfN-7UWI
Seven Principles of Data Feminism
- Examine power
- Challenge power
- Rethink binaries and hierarchies
- Elevate emotion an embodiment
- Embrace pluralism
- Consider context
- Make labor visible
Abolitionist movement
There are some interesting analogies to be drawn between the abolitionist movement in the 1800s and modern day movements like abolition of police and racial justice, etc.
Topic modeling - What would topic modeling look like for corpuses of commonplace books? Over time?
wrt article: Soni, Sandeep, Lauren F. Klein, and Jacob Eisenstein. “Abolitionist Networks: Modeling Language Change in Nineteenth-Century Activist Newspapers.” Journal of Cultural Analytics 6, no. 1 (January 18, 2021). https://doi.org/10.22148/001c.18841. - Brings to mind the difference in power and invisible labor between literate societies and oral societies. It's easier to erase oral cultures with the overwhelm available to literate cultures because the former are harder to see.
How to find unbiased datasets to study these?
aspirational abolitionism driven by African Americans in the 1800s over and above (basic) abolitionism
Tags
- abolitionists
- dodging the memory hole
- aspirational abolitionism
- defunding police
- Catherine D'Ignazio
- Data Feminism
- algorithms
- topic modeling
- orality vs. literacy
- intersectional feminism
- watch
- Lauren F. Klein
- emotional labor
- operationalization
- power frameworks
- slavery
- data science
- invisible labor
Annotators
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www.complexityexplorer.org www.complexityexplorer.org
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Semantic leadership Extent to which word usage by one entity is subsequently adopted by others. Specifically, Klein measures how often novel semantic usage in a given newspaper is mirrored by other newspapers. When a newspaper is a semantic leader, its semantic usage better predicts the later usage of that word in other newspapers compared to those other newspapers' own, earlier usage of the word.
How might this leadership happen within the social epidemic view of Malcolm Gladwell's Tipping Point framework?
- the law of the few,
- the stickiness factor, and
- the power of context
and with respect to mavens, connectors, and salespeople?
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Semantic change Change in a word's meaning over time or other dimensions. Klein measures semantic change for a given word by tracking: 1) the words that appear alongside it (i.e., the word's context), and 2) the year in which the word was published. This approach assumes that semantics, or meaning, of a word can be inferred from the context in which that word appears.
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Local file Local file
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Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von. Maxims and Reflections. Penguin Classics. Penguin Books, 1998.
urn:x-pdf:577d8c2ae537c748bc9ae3d1e12ecb38
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Goethe's Maxims and Reflections represents a commonplace book of sorts.
Who numbered the maxims though? Was it Goethe or someone after him?
(stray note on a slip of paper dated 2022-10-27)
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forum.zettelkasten.de forum.zettelkasten.de
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Zettelkasten, a tool for the mind, A place to capture thoughts of every kind. A sea of cards, with notes that flow, Helping to organize, a world in a show. The time we spend, a precious cost, To scribble down, the thoughts we've lost. But with each card, a rabbit hole begins, A journey deep, of knowledge wins. We delve and dive, in search of truth, The links we make, a web of proof. But hours pass by, and what do we find? We've wasted time, with our method combined. Yet still we persist, in this quest we trust, The thrill of the hunt, a must. But remember, dear friend, to balance the scale, With breaks in between, lest our time bewails. So let's not waste, this gift we hold, With Zettelkasten, a tool to mold. A path to wisdom, in every note, A journey of discovery, and time well devoted.
https://forum.zettelkasten.de/discussion/2502/time-well-spent
Presumably written by Edmund
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This sort of policy matches closely to the model page zettelkasten.de which has also a strong focus on memorizing information and excludes secondary elements like vegan food and doing sport for no reason.This is factually incorrect.
reply to u/FastSascha at https://www.reddit.com/r/Zettelkasten/comments/10nolg3/comment/j6naobz/?utm_source=reddit&utm_medium=web2x&context=3
Let those who have not folded an index card to use it as a fork for eating food (vegan or otherwise), throw the first pack of index cards.
Is this the correct zettelkasten translation of John 8:7? Should I number this ZKII, 9/8k?🗃️😉
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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[Cicero], and Harry Caplan (1896-1980). Ad C. Herennium de Ratione Dicendi (Rhetorica Ad Herennium). Loeb Classical Library, 403. Harvard University Press, 1964.
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github.com github.com
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www.jetpens.com www.jetpens.com
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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This seems to have an interesting relation to the tradition of wassailers and "luck visitors" traditions or The Christmas Mummers (1858). The song We Wish You a Merry Christmas (Roud Folk Song Index #230 and #9681) from the English West Country (Cornwall) was popularized by Arthur Warrell (1883-1939) in 1935. It contains lyrics "We won't go until we get some" in relation to figgy pudding and seems very similar in form to Mari Lwyd songs used to gain access to people's homes and hospitality. An 1830's version of the song had a "cellar full of beer" within the lyrics.
I'm curious if the Roud Folk Song Index includes any Welsh songs or translations that have similar links? Perhaps other folk song indices (Child Ballads?) may provide clues as well?
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YU5pk-Hc758
Dr. Gwilym Morus-Baird
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Tags
Annotators
URL
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shawngraham.github.io shawngraham.github.io
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https://shawngraham.github.io/hist1900/assets/slides/jan18#/
Mon 1/30/2023 6:40 AM
<small><cite class='h-cite via'>ᔥ <span class='p-author h-card'>Shawn Graham</span> in "took a session last week to walk my students through the #obsidianmd to #github workflow I want them to use. https://shawngraham.github.io/hist1900/assets/slides/jan18#/" - Mastodon (<time class='dt-published'>01/30/2023 13:06:39</time>)</cite></small>
https://mastodon.social/@electricarchaeo@scholar.social/109745539125362012
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goodereader.com goodereader.com
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Read 2023-01-29T09:22:00-08:00
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bactra.org bactra.org
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An interesting raw html-based website that also serves the functions of notebook and to some extent a digital commonplace.
Cosma Shalizi is a professor in the statistics department at CMU.
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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I'd recommend a Book-to-Maincard approach for this (instead of the 2-step Bibcard Method). And I'd recommend Reformulation notes (i.e., summarization notes) instead of Excerpts.
reply to u/sscheper at https://www.reddit.com/r/antinet/comments/10o4jnl/comment/j6ii64d/?utm_source=reddit&utm_medium=web2x&context=3
Is this about as close as Scott Scheper comes to recommending taking Cornell Notes?!? 😂
Let's be honest that this is roughly what this (and Bibcards) ultimately is. You take some general notes on a lecture (book or other material) as a sense making tool to help you better understand the material. You write down some bits you want to remember and use for some brief spaced repetition perhaps. You write down some pointed questions to help review for a test later. The subtle difference is that Cornell notes were designed to do the sense making, summary, and repetition portions well for students and learners, but didn't focus as much on the longer tail of knowledge creation using analysis, and synthesis. To fill in the last mile for your card index, take the best idea(s) (maybe one or two at most) and flesh it out to create a useful maincard.
If it's useful try some 8 x 12" paper for your lecture notes, and take them Bibcard or Cornell Notes style. Once you've excerpted your main card notes, you can fold your sheet in half twice and file it with your Bibcards, naturally taking care to have the paper's spine face up to prevent other slips from becoming lost in between. (This obviously works best for those using 4 x 6" index cards though if you're in the 3 x 5" camp, then use 6" x 10" sheets for folding.) For those with middle grades or high school students, this may be a more profitable method for introducing these methods to their study, learning, and creation patterns.
Summary: Cornell Notes can be an excellent method for capturing session-based fleeting notes and distilling them down into permanent notes. Cornell Notes focus on the lower levels of Bloom's Taxonomy rather than the broader spectrum that a zettelkasten method might.
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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What are your goals for creating your zettelkasten? .t3_10mha0u._2FCtq-QzlfuN-SwVMUZMM3 { --postTitle-VisitedLinkColor: #9b9b9b; --postTitleLink-VisitedLinkColor: #9b9b9b; --postBodyLink-VisitedLinkColor: #989898; }
reply to u/IamOkei at https://www.reddit.com/r/Zettelkasten/comments/10mha0u/what_are_your_goals_for_creating_your_zettelkasten/
The gloriousness of combinatorial creativity!
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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www.antinet.org www.antinet.org
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https://www.antinet.org/wooden-antinet-waitlist
$995 for a single wooden, two drawer card index is a lot on the ridiculous side. Once can get rare vintage ones in excellent condition online for nearly a tenth the price!
Restored fine furniture versions with several dozen drawers go in this range.
Possibly the worst is that these don't even have following blocks to hold partial drawers of cards upright.
link to: https://boffosocko.com/2022/12/26/the-ultimate-guide-to-zettelkasten-index-card-storage/
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NPqjgN-pNDw
When did the switch in commonplace book framing did the idea of "second brain" hit? (This may be the first time I've seen it personally. Does it appear in other places?) Sift through r/commonplace books to see if there are mentions there.
By keeping one's commonplace in an analog form, it forces a greater level of intentionality because it's harder to excerpt material by hand. Doing this requires greater work than arbitrarily excerpting almost everything digitally. Manual provides a higher bar of value and edits out the lower value material.
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Local file Local file
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contractual relations of individual and collectivity (in the formof written ship’s articles specifying shares of booty and ratesof compensation for on-the-job injury
Pirate ships as forms of political organization and collective action!
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At least one prominenthistorian of European political thought has indeed suggested thatsome of the democratic forms later developed by Enlightenmentstatesmen in the North Atlantic world most likely were first debutedon pirate ships in the 1680s and 1690s:
see: Markoff, John. “Where and When Was Democracy Invented?” Comparative Studies in Society and History 41, no. 4 (October 1999): 660–90. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0010417599003096.
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contemporary radical thinkersare more likely to see Enlightenment thought as the ultimate inreceived authority, as an intellectual movement whose mainachievement was to lay the foundations of a peculiarly modern formof rational individualism that became the basis of “scientific” racism,modern imperialism, exploitation, and genocide
second and third order effects of the Enlightenment movement...
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This anyway would explain the apparent paradox of theBetsimisaraka: supposedly created by a failed philosopher king but,in fact, remaining as a stubbornly egalitarian people to this day,notorious, in fact, for their refusal to accept the authority of overlordsof any sort.
The modern day culture of the Betsimisaraka which displays both egalitarian and stubborn people who refuse the authority of any overlords is some of the evidence that their culture through pirate stories into Europe were the beginnings of the Enlightenment.
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first stirrings of Enlightenment political thought
David Graeber argues that the Betsimisaraka Confederation of Madagascar represents the first stirrings of Enlightenment political thought which influenced political philosophers who fueled revolutionary regimes a century later.
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one reason the Golden Age of Piracy remains the stuff oflegend is that pirates of that age were so skilled at manipulatinglegends; they deployed wonder-stories—whether of terrifyingviolence or inspiring ideals—as something very much like weaponsof war, even if the war in question was the desperate and ultimatelydoomed struggle of a motley band of outlaws against the entireemerging structure of world authority at the time.
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There are severalpoints at which my analysis breaks with conventional understandingsof the period.
Given the breaks with conventional understandings, is there underlying evidence to support them? We should watch out for the indication of these conventional understandings, his indication of breaks, and the evidence.
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Defoe was writing a broadside in England
which work is this exactly?
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Captain Johnson’s A GeneralHistory of the Pyrates in 1724
According to Rodney Blaine, this book was possibly written by Daniel Dafoe.
Baine, Rodney M. (1972). "Daniel Defoe and Captain Caneton's Memoirs of an English Officer". Texas Studies in Literature and Language. 13 (4): 613–627. JSTOR 40755201
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stories about pirate utopias
Not a pirate utopia, per se, but Robert Louis Stevenson's Treasure Island was serialized in 1881-82 and published as a book in 1883.
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It is a work of history, informed by anthropology; an attemptto establish what actually happened on the northeast coast ofMadagascar at the end of the seventeenth century and the beginningof the eighteenth when several thousand pirates made that placetheir home, and to make a case that in a broader sense Libertalia didexist, and that it could indeed be considered, in a sense, the firstEnlightenment political experiment. And that many of the men andwomen who brought this experiment into being spoke Malagasy.
The overall purpose of the book, laid out.
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One might call pirate legends, then, the most importantform of poetic expression produced by that emerging North Atlanticproletariat whose exploitation laid the ground for the industrialrevolution.
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It was Eric Williams (Capitalism and Slavery) who first developed the idea thatEuropean slave plantations in the New World were, in effect, the first factories; theidea of a “pre-racial” North Atlantic proletariat, in which these same techniques ofmechanization, surveillance, and discipline were applied to workers on ships, waselaborated by Peter Linebaugh and Marcus Rediker (The Many-Headed Hydra).
What sort of influence did these sorts of philosophy have on educational practices of their day and how do they reflect on our current educational milieu?
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Modern factory discipline was born on ships and on plantations. Itwas only later that budding industrialists adopted those techniques ofturning humans into machines into cities like Manchester andBirmingham.
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the story of the greatutopian experiment of Libertalia, a story also set in Madagascar,which appears in a chapter of a certain Captain Johnson’s A GeneralHistory of the Pyrates in 1724.
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The real story of what happened in human history is a thousandtimes more diverting.
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Why do we not see a man like Kandiaronk as an importanttheorist of human freedom? He clearly was
Kandiaronk was an important theorist of human freedom.
Tags
- pirate legends
- industrialists
- Betsimisaraka Confederation
- Marcus Rediker
- power dynamics
- hype
- man vs. machine
- potemkin village
- genocide
- exploitation
- quotes
- Industrial Revolution
- Golden Age of Piracy
- 1724
- David Graeber
- influence of art on history
- history
- broadsides
- collective bargaining
- 1690s
- economics
- mechanization
- scientific racism
- history of education
- want to read
- historical evidence
- 1680s
- surveillance
- Robert Louis Stevenson
- references
- Eric Williams
- on the job injuries
- Kandiaronk
- Captain Johnson
- Treasure Island
- 1707
- invention of democracy
- contract law
- discipline
- propaganda
- Peter Linebaugh
- the Enlightenment
- Daniel Defoe
- pirates
- collectives
- utopia
- democracy
- open questions
- sociology
- John Markoff
- storytelling
- factories
- imperialism
- 1883
- freedom
- Libertalia
Annotators
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