Unfortunately, many existing mechanisms to gauge and propagate trustworthiness—to work out if an interaction with a site is from a real human, for example—take advantage of techniques that can also be used for fingerprinting.

Runs headless by default, but you can configure it to run in a headful mode.

In practice, we usually also need another tool to provide an API to control the browser (e.g., ChromeDriver).

“System tests” is a common naming for automated end-to-end tests in the Rails world. Before Rails adopted this name, we used such variations as feature tests, browser tests

if you just need a screenshot of a webpage, that’s built in:

This poses a few problems for automation. In some environments, there may be no graphical display available, or it may be desirable to not have the browser appear at all when being controlled.

Browsers are at their core a user interface to the web, and a graphical user interface in particular.

The globalThis property provides a standard way of accessing the global this value (and hence the global object itself) across environments. Unlike similar properties such as window and self, it's guaranteed to work in window and non-window contexts. In this way, you can access the global object in a consistent manner without having to know which environment the code is being run in.

Unlike browsers, you can access raw Set-Cookie headers manually using Headers.raw(). This is a node-fetch only API.

The NoScript extension for Firefox mitigates CSRF threats by distinguishing trusted from untrusted sites, and removing authentication & payloads from POST requests sent by untrusted sites to trusted ones. The Application Boundary Enforcer module in NoScript also blocks requests sent from internet pages to local sites (e.g. localhost), preventing CSRF attacks on local services (such as uTorrent) or routers.

The Self Destructing Cookies extension for Firefox does not directly protect from CSRF, but can reduce the attack window, by deleting cookies as soon as they are no longer associated with an open tab.

editor-browser tool sets

We’re happy to report that the good people at Google and Mozilla are moving towards adoption as well.

I’d notice the network requests going out!Where would you notice them? My code won’t send anything when the DevTools are open (yes even if un-docked).I call this the Heisenberg Manoeuvre: by trying to observe the behaviour of my code, you change the behaviour of my code.

Your browser window is basically just one big iframe.

Think first: why do you want to use it in the browser? Remember, servers must never trust browsers. You can't sanitize HTML for saving on the server anywhere else but on the server.

Note that preload will run both on the server side and on the client side. It may therefore not reference any APIs only present in the browser.

Managing cookies in your browserMost browsers allow you to control how cookies get used as you’re browsing.Some browsers automatically limit or delete cookies. Also, in some browsers, you can set up rules to manage cookies on a site-by-site basis, allowing you to permit cookies only from sites that you trust.In Google Chrome, the Settings contain an option to Clear Browsing Data. You can use this option to delete cookies and other browsing data. See our instructions for managing cookies in Chrome.Google Chrome also supports private browsing with its Incognito mode. You can browse in Incognito mode when you don’t want your site visits or downloads to remain in your browsing and download histories. Once you close all your Incognito browsing windows, Chrome won’t save your browsing history, cookies, and other data.Losing the information stored in cookies may make sites less functional but shouldn’t prevent them from working.

website developers and extension authors

In a browser, the chrome is any visible aspect of a browser aside from the webpages themselves (e.g., toolbars, menu bar, tabs). This is not to be confused with the Google Chrome browser.

If you want a reference to the global object that works in any context, you can read this from a directly-called function. const global = (function() {return this})();. This evaluates to window in the browser, self in a service worker and global in nodejs.

emphasizing that 'this' and 'global object' are two different things not only in Node.js but in JavaScript in general

Microbundle also outputs a modern bundle specially designed to work in all modern browsers. This bundle preserves most modern JS features when compiling your code, but ensures the result runs in 90% of web browsers without needing to be transpiled. Specifically, it uses preset-modules to target the set of browsers that support <script type="module"> - that allows syntax like async/await, tagged templates, arrow functions, destructured and rest parameters, etc. The result is generally smaller and faster to execute than the esm bundle

The Web needs to be accessible to everyone who wants to participate, who wants to share their knowledge with the world, who is not satisfied with the status quo and ready to change culture and society. Yet instead, we are currently building a Web of superficial distractions that is becoming less and less accessible to future generations.

Ubiquity: you can also run your validation on the server side (e.g. nodejs)

Using the keyboard arrows, navigate down the suggestion list to the item(s) you want to remove from the Chrome autofill suggestions With the suggestion highlighted, use the appropriate keystroke sequence to delete the Chrome suggestion:

Use a node-style require() to organize your browser code and load modules installed by npm.

browserify is a tool for compiling node-flavored commonjs modules for the browser.

Think of JavaScript. In the browser you don't have direct access to the file system. In Node.js you have. Same programming language. Different APIs.

import page from "//unpkg.com/page/page.mjs";

Or with modules, in modern browsers

Node.js code must be run by the node process, not the browser (the code must run in the server).

Modules using code that doesn’t exist in browsers such as process.env.NODE_ENV and forcing you to convert or polyfill it.

Some modules, like events or util, are built in to Node.js. If you want to include those (for example, so that your bundle runs in the browser), you may need to include rollup-plugin-node-polyfills.

There are very few built-in UI controls in the browser, and those that do exist are very hard to style.

Ways of delivering JavaScript source code

Figma is browser-first, which was made possible (and more importantly performant) by their understanding and usage of new technologies like WebGL, Operational Transforms, and CRDTs. From a user’s perspective, there are no files and no syncing that needs to be done with others editing a design. The actual *experience* of designing in Figma is native to the internet. Even today, competitors often talk about cloud, but are torn over how *much* of the experience to port over to the internet. Hint: “all of it” is the correct answer that they all eventually will converge on.

As a result, web browsers can provide only minimal assistance to humans in parsing and processing web pages: browsers only see presentation information.

How do I change my cookie settings? Most web browsers allow some control of most cookies through the browser settings. To find out more about cookies, including how to see what cookies have been set and how to manage and delete them, visit www.aboutcookies.org or www.allaboutcookies.org.

1. Disabling concrete extension update. That's what I wanted! You can do this by editing the extensions manifest json-file on Windows: C:\Users\<USERNAME>\AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\User Data\Default\Extensions\<EXTENSION-ID>\<VERSION>\manifest.json (find out the extensions ID by enabling developer mode in the extension settings page) on Ubuntu for Chromium: ${HOME}/.config/chromium/Default/Preferences In this file set "update_url" property to something invalid like "https://localhost" for example. For now according to given url updating of that extension is simply impossible.

Most web browsers are set by default to protect your privacy unless you opt for tracking yourself. For example, Internet Explorer automatically enables its “Do Not Track” option and Google Chrome blocks any 3rd-party cookies by default.

The context menu will have three options; Normal Reload, Hard Reload, and Empty Cache and Hard Reload. The third option is what you’re looking for. Click ‘Empty Cache and Hard Reload’ to clear the cache for a particular website.

After opening up the developer tools (usually by pressing F12) Click + Hold on the "Reload Page" button. From the popup list, choose "Empty Cache and Hard Reload".

The mix of a fingerprint and first-party cookies is pervasive as Google can give a very high level of entropy when it comes to distinguishing an individual person.

Products using the same version of Gecko have identical support for Web standards.

Add-ons that are intended for internal or private use, are only accessible to a closed user group, or for distribution testing may not be listed on AMO. Such add-ons may be uploaded for self-distribution instead.

Firefox is at the forefront of cross-browser compatibility.

cross-browser development

I would love for Mozilla to make this extension irrelevant by providing the functionality natively. Language translation is a standard and yet highly differentiating feature in Chrome and Edge.

Browser fingerprinting is a powerful method that websites use to collect information about your browser type and version, as well as your operating system, active plugins, timezone, language, screen resolution and various other active settings.

Browser fingerprinting is defined on Wikipedia as follows: “A device fingerprint, machine fingerprint or browser fingerprint is information collected about a remote computing device for the purpose of identification. Fingerprints can be used to fully or partially identify individual users or devices even when cookies are turned off.”

So in the case of Chrome, the developers have essentially said "we will leave this to the user to decide in their preferences whether they want autocomplete to work or not. If you don't want it, don't enable it in your browser". However, it appears that this is a little over-zealous on their part for my liking, but it is the way it is.

Browser fingerprinting is quite a powerful method of tracking users around the Internet. There are some defensive measures that can be taken with existing browsers, but none of them are ideal. In practice, the most realistic protection is using the Tor Browser, which has put a lot of effort into reducing browser fingerprintability. For day-to-day use, the best options are to run tools like Privacy Badger or Disconnect that will block some (but unfortunately not all) of the domains that try to perform fingerprinting, and/or to use a tool like NoScript for Firefox, which greatly reduces the amount of data available to fingerprinters.

Browser fingerprinting is both difficult to detect and and extremely difficult to thwart.

“Browser fingerprinting” is a method of tracking web browsers by the configuration and settings information they make visible to websites, rather than traditional tracking methods such as IP addresses and unique cookies.

When you visit a website, you are allowing that site to access a lot of information about your computer's configuration. Combined, this information can create a kind of fingerprint — a signature that could be used to identify you and your computer. Some companies use this technology to try to identify individual computers.

since mobile Chrome still doesn't support extensions (Google plz)

The user's computer stores and transmits cookies. Therefore, you as a user also have full control over the use of cookies. You can deactivate or restrict the transmission of cookies by changing the settings in your browser. Cookies that have already been saved can be erased at any time. This can also be done automatically. Please consult the documentation of your browser. Links to the cookie management documentations of some popular browsers:

I usually write example code that is for both Chrome and Firefox WebExtensions.

one interesting thing to note is that they write in their cookie policy all information needed for the user to allow or block cookies via the web browser settings

this website claims the cookie stuff will be a responsibility of the browser, not the website, which would make live easier for web devs.

Our solution goes a bit further than this by pointing to the browser options, third-party tools and by linking to the third party providers, who are ultimately responsible for managing the opt-out for their own tracking tools.

the Cookie Law does not require that you provide users with the means to toggle cookie preferences directly on your site/app

This means or mechanism does not have to be hosted directly by you. In most cases under member state law, browser settings are considered to be an acceptable means of withdrawing consent.

provide users with information regarding how to update their browser settings. Many sites provide detailed information for most browsers. You could either link to one of these sites, or create a similar guide of your own. Your guide can either appear in a pop up after a user declines consent, or it can be part of your Privacy Policy, Cookie Information page, or its own separate page.

You can also turn off personalization for your browser by installing the Interest-Based Ads Opt Out extension.

open source browser extension that can automatically answer pop-ups based on user-customizable preferences.It’s called Consent-o-Matic — and there are versions available for Firefox and Chrome.

You can view and manage cookies in your browser (though browsers for mobile devices may not offer this visibility).

Some people prefer not to allow cookies, which is why most browsers give you the ability to manage cookies to suit you.Some browsers limit or delete cookies, so you may want to review your cookie settings and ads settings. In some browsers you can set up rules to manage cookies on a site-by-site basis, giving you more fine-grained control over your privacy. What this means is that you can disallow cookies from all sites except those that you trust.In the Google Chrome browser, the Tools menu contains an option to Clear Browsing Data. You can use this option to delete cookies and other site and plug-in data, including data stored on your device by the Adobe Flash Player (commonly known as Flash cookies). See our instructions for managing cookies in Chrome.

One thing that matters is if code uses browser-specific (example: Dom) or server-specific (example: filesystem) features.

browser

browser: points to browser-specific untranspiled code

This is a browser execution environment. It may provide additional built in objects exposed in the global namespace. It is a specialized execution environment which provides builtin capabilities beyond the base javascript language spec.

Using the browser field in package.json allows a module author to clearly articulate which files are innapropriate for client use and provide alternatives.

It allows the module code (and subsequently dependants on the module) to not use preprocessor hacks, source code changes, or runtime detection hacks to identify which code is appropriate when creating a client bound package.

Consider that the client environment as the special case as it exposes objects into the global space to provide certain features and limits others.

The browser field is where the module author can hint to the bundler which elements (other modules or source files) need to be replaced when packaging.

When a javascript module is prepared for use on a client there are two major concerns: certain features are already provided by the client, and certain features are not available. Features provided by a client can include http requests, websockets, dom manipulation. Features not available would include tcp sockets, system disk IO.

You can simply prevent a module or file from being loaded into a bundle by specifying a value of false for any of the keys. This is useful if you know certain codepaths will not be executed client side but find it awkward to split up or change the code structure.

Second, uBlock Origin does not have a dedicated server, it can't "phone home" with your browsing data, there is only GitHub, and GitHub is completely unrelated to uBlock Origin.

This does not set the native input element to indeterminate due to inconsistent behavior across browsers. However, we set a data-indeterminate attribute on the input.

AdNauseam

"While we hope that Google will lift these unwarranted sanctions for AdNauseam, it highlights a much more serious problem for Chrome users," the AdNauseam team adds. "It is frightening to think that at any moment Google can quietly make your extensions and data disappear, without so much as a warning."

can not found react-devtools-chrome.crx in github release

Comparison between web browsers