- Last 7 days
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developers.google.com developers.google.com
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Given the security implications of getting the implementation correct, we strongly encourage you to use OAuth 2.0 libraries when interacting with Google's OAuth 2.0 endpoints. It is a best practice to use well-debugged code provided by others, and it will help you protect yourself and your users. For more information, see Client libraries.
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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myboogieboard.com myboogieboard.com
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https://myboogieboard.com/<br /> A groups of portable writing boards with an associated app.
A sleeker version of Rocketbook notebooks, but with only one "page". A modern day version of the wax tablet.
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www.liberation.fr www.liberation.fr
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Untersuchungen zeigen, dass die COP28 mit dem Emissions Peak für Treibhausgase zusammenfallen könnte. Um das 1,5°-Ziel zu erreichen, müssten allerdings die Emissionen bis 2030 um die Hälfte sinken. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/ng-interactive/2023/nov/29/cop28-what-could-climate-conference-achieve
Tags
- Global Optimism
- Romain Ioualalen
- Climate Analytics
- Macky Small
- Joeri Rogelj
- Arunabha Ghosh
- Vera Singer
- Lauri Myllyvirta
- Avinash Persaud
- Durwood Zaelke
- Simon Stiell
- Council on Energy, Environment and Water
- Jeanne d’Arc Mujawamariya
- Eamon Ryan
- NOCs
- Shady Khalil
- OECD
- fossil fuels phase-out
- actor: Sultan Al Jaber
- Patrick Verkooijen
- Jenny Chase
- Saudi-Arabia
- Mariana Mazzucato
- China
- Mia Mottley
- Christiana Figueres
- Greenpeace
- Harjeet Singh
- Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air
- coal phase-out
- Institute for Governance and Sustainable Development
- Climate Action Network International
- COP28 global methane summit
- 2023-11-29
- COP28
- Global Centre on Adaptation
- BNEF
- Paul Bledsoe
- Nicholas Stern
- climate finance
Annotators
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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Taking notes for historical writing .t3_185xmuh._2FCtq-QzlfuN-SwVMUZMM3 { --postTitle-VisitedLinkColor: #9b9b9b; --postTitleLink-VisitedLinkColor: #9b9b9b; --postBodyLink-VisitedLinkColor: #989898; } questionI'm trying to understand how to adopt parts of the Zettelkasten method for thinking about historical information. I wrote a PhD in history. My note-taking methodology was a complete mess the whole time. I used note-taking to digest a book, but it would take me two or three times longer than just reading. I would go back over each section and write down the pieces that seemed crucial. Sometimes, when I didn't know a subject well, that could take time. In the end, I would sometimes have many pages of notes in sequential order sectioned the way the book was sectioned, essentially an overlay of the book's structure. It was time-consuming, very hard, not useless at all, but inefficient.Now consider the Zettelkasten idea. I haven't read much of Luhmann. I recall he was a sociologist, a theorist in the grand style. So, in other words, they operate at a very abstract level. When I read about the Zettelkasten method, that's the way it reads to me. A system for combining thoughts and ideas. Now, you'll say that's an artificial distinction, perhaps...a fact is still rendered in thought, has atomicity to it etc. And I agree. However, the thing about facts is there are just A LOT of them. Before you write your narrative, you are drowning in facts. The writing of history is the thing that allows you to bring some order and selectivity to them, but you must drown first; otherwise, you have not considered all the possibilities and potentialities in the past that the facts reveal. To bring it back to Zettelkasten, the idea of Zettel is so appealing, but how does it work when dealing with an overwhelming number of facts? It's much easier to imagine creating a Zettelkasten from more rarefied thoughts provoked by reading.So, what can I learn from the Zettelkasten method? How can I apply some or all of its methodologies, practically speaking? What would change about my initial note-taking of a book if I were to apply Zettelkasten ideas and practice? Here is a discussion about using the method for "facts". The most concrete suggestions here suggest building Zettels around facts in some ways -- either a single fact, or groups of facts, etc. But in my experience, engaging with a historical text is a lot messier than that. There are facts, but also the author's rendering of the facts, and there are quotes (all the historical "gossip"), and it's all in there together as the author builds their narrative. You are trying to identify the key facts, the author's particular angle and interpretation, preserve your thoughts and reactions, and save these quotes, the richest part of history, the real evidence. In short, it is hard to imagine being able to isolate clear Zettel topics amid this reading experience.In Soenke Ahrens' book "How to Take Smart Notes," he describes three types of notes: fleeting notes (these are fleeting ideas), literature notes, and permanent notes. In that classification, I'm talking about "literature notes." Ahrens says these should be "extremely selective". But with the material I'm talking about it becomes a question. How can you be selective when you still don't know which facts you care about or want to maintain enough detail in your notes so you don't foreclose the possibilities in the historical narrative too early?Perhaps this is just an unsolvable problem. Perhaps there is no choice but to maintain a discipline of taking "selective" literature notes. But there's something about the Zettelkasten method that gives me the feeling that my literature notes could be more detailed and chaotic and open to refinement later.Does my dilemma explained here resonate with anyone who has tried this method for intense historical writing? If so, I'd like to hear you thoughts, or better yet, see some concrete examples of how you've worked.
reply to u/ethanzanemiller at https://www.reddit.com/r/Zettelkasten/comments/185xmuh/taking_notes_for_historical_writing/
Rather than spending time theorizing on the subject, particularly since you sound like you're neck-deep already, I would heartily recommend spending some time practicing it heavily within the area you're looking at. Through a bit of time and experience, more of your questions will become imminently clear, especially if you're a practicing historian.
A frequently missing piece to some of this puzzle for practicing academics is upping the level of how you read and having the ability to consult short pieces of books and articles rather than reading them "cover-to-cover" which is often unnecessary for one's work. Of particular help here, try Adler and Van Doren, and specifically their sections on analytical and syntopical reading.
- Adler, Mortimer J., and Charles Van Doren. How to Read a Book: The Classical Guide to Intelligent Reading. Revised and Updated ed. edition. 1940. Reprint, Touchstone, 2011.
In addition to the list of practicing historians I'd provided elsewhere on the topic, you might also appreciate sociologist Beatrice Webb's short appendix C in My Apprenticeship or her longer related text. She spends some time talking about handling dates and the database nature of querying collected facts and ideas to do research and to tell a story.
- Webb, Beatrice Potter. My Apprenticeship. First Edition. New York: Longmans, Green & Co., 1926. https://archive.org/details/myapprenticeship0000beat/page/412/mode/2up.
- Webb, Sidney, and Beatrice Webb. Methods of Social Study. London; New York: Longmans, Green & Co., 1932. http://archive.org/details/b31357891.
Also helpful might be Mill's article which became a chapter in one of his later books:
- Mills, C. Wright. “On Intellectual Craftsmanship (1952).” Society 17, no. 2 (January 1, 1980): 63–70. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02700062.
Perhaps u/danallosso may have something illuminating to add, or you can skim through his responses on the subject on Reddit or via his previous related writing: https://danallosso.substack.com/.
Enough historians and various other humanists have been practicing these broad methods for centuries to bear out their usefulness in researching and organizing their work. Read a bit, but truly: practice, practice, and more practice is going to be your best friend here.
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Can you provide any more information about how this method works in detail?
reply to u/ethanzanemiller at https://www.reddit.com/r/Zettelkasten/comments/1843k2w/comment/kb4d882/?utm_source=reddit&utm_medium=web2x&context=3
Presuming you came into this from a search on "history" or a related topic rather than long time experience in this sub?
A card index, fichier boîte (French), or zettelkasten (German) is broadly the use of index cards (or digital versions) for research and writing. (I generally frame it as an extension of keeping a commonplace book.)
But some of it is best described within the area of "historical method" by practicing historians themselves, so also try these texts written by historians on the subject:
Allosso, Dan, and S. F. Allosso. How to Make Notes and Write. Minnesota State Pressbooks, 2022. https://minnstate.pressbooks.pub/write/.
Barzun, Jacques. The Modern Researcher. Boston : Houghton Mifflin Co., 1992. http://archive.org/details/modernresearcher00barz_1.
Dow, Earle Wilbur. Principles of a Note-System for Historical Studies. New York: Century Company, 1924.
Eco, Umberto. How to Write a Thesis. Translated by Caterina Mongiat Farina and Geoff Farina. 1977. Reprint, Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT Press, 2015. https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/how-write-thesis.
Gottschalk, Louis Reichenthal. Understanding History: A Primer of Historical Method. 1st ed. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1950. https://www.amazon.com/Understanding-History-Louis-Gottschalk/dp/B001OY27L6.
Goutor, Jacques. The Card-File System of Note-Taking. Approaching Ontario’s Past 3. Toronto: Ontario Historical Society, 1980. http://archive.org/details/cardfilesystemof0000gout.
Langlois, Charles Victor, and Charles Seignobos. Introduction to the Study of History. Translated by George Godfrey Berry. First. New York: Henry Holt and company, 1898. http://archive.org/details/cu31924027810286.
Margolin, Victor. The Process of Writing World History of Design, 2015. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kxyy0THLfuI.
Thomas, Keith. “Diary: Working Methods.” London Review of Books, June 10, 2010. https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v32/n11/keith-thomas/diary.
Maybe start with Keith Thomas and Margolin which are short and then jump to either Goutor or Allosso (first half of that text) which are slightly longer but still quick reads. Umberto Eco may be the dean of studies here, though Barzun has been fairly influential. If you prefer, you can practice Luhmann's method, which is very similar though with a twist, and laid out at https://zettelkasten.de/posts/overview/.
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developer.okta.com developer.okta.com
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curl -v -X POST \ -H "Accept: application/json" \ -H "Content-Type: application/json" \ -H "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (${systemInformation}) ${platform} (${platformDetails}) ${extensions}" \ -H "Authorization: SSWS ${api_token}"
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etherpad.org etherpad.orgEtherpad1
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A collaborative online editor
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Some 30% of the energy consumed in a net zero energy system in 2050 comes from low-emissions fuels and technologies that could benefit from the skills and resources of the oil and gas industry.
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for: stats - oil and gas industry - repurposing for clean energy
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stats: oil and gas industry - repurposing for clean energy
- only 30 % of the energy consumed in a clean energy future within 1.5 Deg C comes from low emission fuels and technologies that benefit from oil and gas industry resources
- this leaves a huge deficit of 70 %.
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question
- How will the transition account for these human and technological resources?
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Many producers say they will be the ones to keep producing throughout transitions and beyond. They cannot all be right.
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for: stats - oil and gas industry - fight for survival
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stats: oil and gas industry - fight for survival
- competing oil producers will have to reach an agreement on who has the right to produce the remaining carbon budget
- 24 million barrels a day are still produced in a 1.5 Deg C scenario but are largely uncombusted
- 75 % of that will be used in petrochemical and other industry
- 920 billion cubic meters of natural gas
- 50% of this for hydrogen production
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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One such way that social media accounts are exploited is when users are enticed to download malicious browser extensions that request read and write permissions on all websites. These users are not aware that later on, typically a week or so after being installed, the extensions will then download some background Javascript malware from its command and control site to run on the user's browser.
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thatsthenorm.com thatsthenorm.com
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Live-Roaming: Using Roam to teach students in college
I'd listened to this whole episode sometime since 2022-04-05, but didn't put it in my notes.
Mark Robertson delineates how he actively models the use of his note taking practice (using Roam Research) while teaching/lecturing in the classroom. This sort of modeling can be useful for showing students how academics read, gather, and actively use their knowledge. It does miss the portion about using the knowledge to create papers, articles, books, etc., but the use of this mode of reading and notes within a discussion setting isn't terribly different.
Use of the system for conversation/discussion with the authors of various texts as you read, with your (past) self as you consult your own notes, or your students in classroom lectures/discussion sections is close to creating your own discussion for new audiences (by way of the work your write yourself.)
https://www.buzzsprout.com/1194506/4875515-mark-robertson-history-socratic-dialogue-live-roaming.mp3
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- Nov 2023
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www.repubblica.it www.repubblica.it
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Eine neue Studie ergibt, dass 62.000 bis 70.000 Todesfälle in Europa im Jahr 2022 mit extremer Hitze in Verbindung standen. Mit 18 000 Toten stand Italien dabei an der Spitze. In der Studie werden vor allem Antworten auf methodische Fragen gesucht https://www.repubblica.it/green-and-blue/2023/11/21/news/vittime_decessi_caldo_europa_2022-420898495/
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github.com github.com
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BTW to improve the reliability of that test I believe you would need a sleep (smaller, e.g. of 0.1) between the Thread.new and assert M.works?, otherwise it's likely the M.works? runs first and then the other thread will see the constant is autoloading and wait, and anyway that thread does not check what is defined on M. For the test to fail it needs to be the Thread.new running first and defining the constant but not yet the method, before the main thread keeps running and call the method.
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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the curse of the climate crisis is that relative to covet and relative to the war moves in slower motion yes and that's a challenge
- comment
- if we have to wait until planetary tipping points are triggered, it will be too late. There has to be some other less catastrophic event that happens before that. Perhaps some combination of extreme weather events
- We need to trigger sufficiently large social tipping points before planetary tipping points are breached.
- comment
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www.sethklein.ca www.sethklein.ca
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for: Book: A Good War, Seth Klein, Climate Emergency - mobilizing Canada
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title: A Good War: Mobilizing Canada for the Climate Emergency
- author: Seth Klein
- date: 2020
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media.dltj.org media.dltj.org
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One of the ways that, that chat G BT is very powerful is that uh if you're sufficiently educated about computers and you want to make a computer program and you can instruct uh chat G BT in what you want with enough specificity, it can write the code for you. It doesn't mean that every coder is going to be replaced by Chad GP T, but it means that a competent coder uh with an imagination can accomplish a lot more than she used to be able to, uh maybe she could do the work of five coders. Um So there's a dynamic where people who can master the technology can get a lot more done.
ChatGPT augments, not replaces
You have to know what you want to do before you can provide the prompt for the code generation.
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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the Center for the 01:00:29 Study of existential risk dedicated the study and mitigation of risks that could lead to human extinction or civilizational collapse and the interesting thing is that modernity is 01:00:41 not on their list either in fact it's not on the list of any of the agencies that now are dedicated to do this work
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for: Center for the Study of Existential Risk - excludes modernity
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Comment
- Center for the Study of Existential Risk still assumes a modern framework to solve the polycrisis
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Auf den Öl- und Gasfeldern der Vereinigten Arabischen Emirate, darunter vielen, die der staatlichen Gesellschaft Adnoc gehören, wurde in den vergangenen 20 Jahren in großem Umfang routinemäßig Gas abgefackelt, was zu hohen Methanemissionen führt. Die Emirate hatten sich verpflichtet, das Abfackeln schnell zu reduzieren. Die dieser Selbstverpflichtung krass widersprechende Praxis gilt bei NGO als weiterer Beleg dafür, dass Selbstverpflichtungen der Fossilindustrie nicht getraut werden kann. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/nov/17/cop28-host-uae-breaking-its-own-ban-on-routine-gas-flaring-data-showsactor
Tags
- actor: Sultan Al Jaber
- expert: Paul Balcombe
- actor: Dubai Petroleum
- NGO: Corporate Europe Observatory
- institution: World Bank
- institution: Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (Crea).
- expert: Pascoe Sabido
- country: UAE
- topic: LNG
- by: Damian Carrington
- NGO: Kick Big Polluters Out
- expert: Hubert Thieriot
- topic: gas flaring
- expert: Zubin Bamji
- 2023-11-17
- actor: Adnoc
- topic: Methane emissions
Annotators
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www.repubblica.it www.repubblica.it
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Ausführlicher Kommentar zu den 2,4 Billionen (Tausend Milliarden, im Artikel falsch übersetzt) Dollar, die laut dem COP27-Bericht von 2022 erforderlich sind, um Klimaschutz und -Anpassung in den Ländern des globalen Südens (außer China) zu finanzieren. Der auf Konsens ausgerichtete COP-Prozess sei außerstande, die nötigen Entscheidungen zu treffen. Der Betrag entspricht grob den aktuellen weltweiten Militärausgaben. https://www.repubblica.it/commenti/2023/11/19/news/cambiamenti_climatici_spesa_annua-420689085/?ref=RHRT-BG-I279994148-P4-S3-T1
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forum.zettelkasten.de forum.zettelkasten.de
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Your comment inspires me to pay more attention to citing and clarifying my claims.
replying to Will at https://forum.zettelkasten.de/discussion/comment/18885/#Comment_18885
I've generally found that this is much easier to do when it's an area you tend to specialize in and want to delve ever deeper (or on which you have larger areas within your zettelkasten) versus those subjects which you care less about or don't tend to have as much patience for.
Perhaps it's related to the System 1/System 2 thinking of Kahneman/Tversky? There are only some things that seem worth System 2 thinking/clarifying/citing and for all the rest one relies on System 1 heuristics. I find that the general ease of use of my zettelkasten (with lots of practice) allows me to do a lot more System 2 thinking than I had previously done, even for areas which I don't care as much about.
syndication link: https://forum.zettelkasten.de/discussion/comment/18888/#Comment_18888
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www.meetup.com www.meetup.com
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https://www.meetup.com/edtechsocal/events/296723328/
Generative AI: Super Learning Skills with Data Discovery and more!
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Research and write your next paper with Jenni AI
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github.com github.com
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Everything has a place so do better and find it. There is a certain belief that everything within app should be organized into functionally-named directories and any files placed in app/lib actually belongs in app/services or app/interactors or app/models or someplace if the developers just tried harder. The implication is that developers are bad developers if they don’t yet know what kind of constant they have and where its forever home should be. I reject this. Over the lifespan of an application, there will be constants that have not yet found their functional kin, if those kin ever come to exist at all; sometimes you simply need some code and a place to put it. app/lib can be the convention for where those constants can live temporarily or as long as necessary. Autoloading is really nice, let’s treat them to it.
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www.liberation.fr www.liberation.fr
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Der Critical Raw Materials Actt wird von Industrie-Lobbies benutzt, um Einschränkungen beim Zugang zu Rohmaterialien abzubauen, und zwar auch dann, wenn es nicht um die Energieversorgung geht. IT-, Rüstungs- und Raumfahrtindustrie versuchen von der Krisensituation bei den neuen Energien zu profitieren. Die Libéation berichtet über einen neuen Report von Lobbying-Warchdogs. Die Liste der kritischen Rohmaterialien wurde bereits von 15 auf 34 Stoffe erweitert. https://www.liberation.fr/international/europe/ue-le-critical-raw-materials-act-un-open-bar-pour-lindustrie-miniere-20231112_HZUR6376QJCZVBM5IGIUR6V2QE/
Tags
- institution: Corporate Europe Observatory
- country: Chile
- program: Green Deal
- country: Australia
- country: EU
- process: energy transition
- country: Canada
- institution: Center for European Policy Analysis
- mode: legislation
- expert: Erik Jönsson
- 2023-11-12
- country: Ukraine
- expert: Lora Verheecke
- institution: Observatoire des multinationales
- institution: Iris
- law: Critical Raw Materials Act
- topic: Mining
- actor: Marie Toussaint
- country: Kasachstan
Annotators
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robertbreen.com robertbreen.com
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When Jimmy Buffett has an idea for a song — sometimes just a phrase — he writes it down on any available scrap of paper and stuffs it into an old sea chest. When he’s ready to write some new music, he sits down and pulls out all those scribbles, which I imagine must be torn off bar napkins and beer coasters, and sorts through them, one by one. He says many of his most popular songs marinated in his sea chest before emerging as lyrics.
Source for this?
Sounds very similar to Eminem's "stacking ammo".
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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In dem sogenannten Trilog-Verfahren haben sich Vertreter:innen des europäischen Parlaments und der europäischen Kommission auf eine endgültige Version des Nature Restoration Laws geeinigt, durch die bis 2030 20% der Land- und Wasserflächen der-unter Schutz gestellt bzw. wiederhergestellt werden sollen. Vor allem aufgrund des Einflusses der europäischen Volkspartei wurde die von der Kommission vorgelegte Version des Gesetzes stark verwässert. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/nov/10/eu-strikes-landmark-deal-nature-restoration-law
Tags
- expert: Katrin Böhning-Gaese
- program: european green deal
- country: EU
- NGO: BirdLife Europe
- 2023-11-10
- institution: Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research
- process: nature conservation and restoration
- expert: Guy Pe’er
- actor: EVP
- mode: legislation
- expert: Josef Settele
- institution: Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre
- expert: Sofie Ruysschaert
- law: nature restoration law
Annotators
URL
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github.com github.com
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The thing is I'm finding trouble to dedicate to Ransack lately, so I can't really commit to any date.
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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these skills of of from the first gaze to the conversation to hard conversations amid conflict these to me are the essence of moral life
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for: list - skills for knowing another
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list: skills for knowing others
- deep, authentic gaze
- accompaniment
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presence, listening and meaningful questions
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Protolyst <br /> https://protolyst.org/
- Freemium model
- Focus on group collaboration over individual use
You can export Pages in your workspace as PDFs with more export formats to be added in the future (I did see one other snippet that indicated .csv format export, but it doesn't appear to have .md support to dovetail with all the other tools which use this as a baseline)
Found ᔥDr. Maddy in the description from Want a Simplified Zettelkasten? For Beginners
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Die EU-Abgasnorm Euro 7 wird sich nur unwesentlich von der jetzigen Norm Euro 6 unterscheiden, so dass Autos weiterhin große Mengen an Stickoxiden emittieren dürfen. Die Verwässerung der Norm geht auf das Lobbying der Automobilindustrie zurück, die es als Gegenleistung dafür verlangte, dass sie die rasche Umstellung auf Elektromobilität unterstützt. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/nov/07/eu-poised-to-water-down-new-car-pollution-rules-after-industry-lobbying
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Bei der diesjährigen Konferenz der Kommission zur Erhaltung der lebenden marinen Resourcen der Antarktis verhinderte vor allem die russische Delegation, dass große Gebiete unter Schutz gestellt wurden. Der Guardian berichtet über den Verlauf der Konferenz.
Tags
- region: Antarctica
- actor: Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR)
- event: CCAMLR Meeting.October 2023
- country: Russia
- expert: Emily Grilly
- NGO: WWF Antarctic
- expert: Andrea Kavanagh
- expert: Claire Christian
- NGO: Antarctic and Southern Ocean Coalition
- 2023-10-29
- NGO: Pew Charitable Trusts
Annotators
URL
theguardian.com/world/2023/oct/29/russian-delegation-stymies-creation-of-antarctic-conservation-area -
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www.ias.edu www.ias.edu
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Within Western philosophy, I find Husserl's epoche to be a useful tool for making systematic explorations of tacit assumptions underlying our everyday view of the world
- for: epoche - tool for exploring tacit assumptions
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Bei der Jahrestagung der Kommission zum Schutz der lebenden Ressourcen der Antarktis ist der Plan, drei große zusammenhängende Gebiete als Schutzzonen auszuweisen, wieder am Widerstand Russlands und Chinas gescheitert. Es kam lediglich zu einer Übereinkunft das Fischen von Krill zu regulieren. https://taz.de/Kaum-Fortschritte-bei-Antarktisschutz/!5969196/
Tags
- region: Antarctica
- actor: Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR)
- event: CCAMLR Meeting.October 2023
- 2023-10-27
- expert: Andrea Kavanagh
- expert: Claire Christian
- NGO: Antarctic and Southern Ocean Coalition
- event: One Planet – Polar Summit
- institution: Pew Bertarelli Ocean Legacy Project
Annotators
URL
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www.nytimes.com www.nytimes.com
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John Kerry besucht in dieser Woche China für dreitägige Gespräche mit seinem Pendant Xie Zhenhua. Konkrete Ergebnisse dieses Treffens werden von den meisten Experten nicht erwartet. Ein mögliches Ergebnis könnten regelmäßige Gespräche beide Seiten zur Abstimmung ihrer Dekarbonisierungspolitik sein. Hintergrundbericht in der New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2023/07/15/climate/us-china-climate-talks.html
Tags
- variable: clean energy Investment
- expert: Michael Greenston
- country: USA
- mode: climate diplomacy
- country: China
- process. methane reduction
- actor: John Kerry
- expert: Qi Qin
- expert: Bernice Lee
- expert: David Sandalow
- actor: Xie Zhenhua
- institution: Center for Research on Energy and Clean Air
Annotators
URL
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Mehrere NGOs rufen den deutschen Bundespräsidenten Steinmeier in einem offenen Brief auf, das novellierte Klimaschutzgesetz nicht zu unterschreiben. Die Amprlkoalition verzichtet darin auf den Kern des ursprünglichen Gesetzes, die Angabe von genauen Grenzwerten für die Sektoren der Wirtschaft. https://taz.de/Abschwaechung-des-Klimaschutzgesetzes/!5968519/
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Seit dem Pariser Abkommen haben europäische Banken fossile Energieunternehmen durch die Ausgabe vom Anleihen in Wert von ca einer Billion (1000 Milliarden) Euro unterstützt, wie eine Recherche des Guardian ergibt. Anleihen (Bons) sind inzwischen die wichtigste Form der Finanzierung der Fossilindustrie. https://www.theguardian.com/business/2023/sep/26/europes-banks-helped-fossil-fuel-firms-raise-more-than-1tn-from-global-bond-markets
Tags
- expert: Lara Cuvelier
- topic: fossil investments
- expert: Alice Delemare Tangpuori,
- actor: HSBC
- actor: Petróleos Mexicanos
- process: fossil development
- actor: Barclays
- actor: Shell
- NGO: Sunrise Project
- institution: Copenhagen Business School’s Centre for Sustainability
- actor: Deutsche Bank
- actor: Crédit Agricole
- NGO: Reclaim Finance
- expert: Andreas Rasche
- actor: BNP Paribas
- 2023-09-26
- actor: Petrobras
- actor: BP
- topic: fossil Finance
- NGO: Follow the Money
- NGO: Investico
- actor: Rosneft
Annotators
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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2021 haben sich viele, vor allem britische, Banken zu sogenannten Glasgow Financial Alliance for Net Zero (GFANZ) zusammengeschlossen. Ein Bericht der Organisation weist nach, dass über 50 von ihnen weiterhin massiv Investitionen in fossile Energien finanziert haben.
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Die G20-Staaten haben fossile Energien 2022 mit dem Rekordbetrag von 1,4 Milliarden Dollar subventioniert, so ein neuer Bericht des International Institute for Sustainable Development. Ein großer Teil dieser Subventionen wurde als Reaktion auf die Energiekrise nach der russischen Invasion der Ukraine gezahlt. Die Subventionen stehen im Widerspruch zur Selbstverpflichtung bei der COP26, fossile Subventionen abzubauen. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/aug/23/g20-poured-more-than-1tn-on-fossil-fuel-subsidies-despite-cop26-pledges-report
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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Good tools for thought should be more than just substitutions for tools or methods one had before.
In fact, any tool or technology, if valuable, should allow for the leverage of extension and transformation, otherwise is it really a tool?
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Do digital note taking tools extend the ranges of affordances versus their analog counterparts with respect to the SAMR model?
On the augmentation front, they allow one to capture things faster, but may do so at the loss of understanding due to the lack of active learning (versus passive as the tool may be robbing them of the interaction with the material).
There may be some workflow modification, but it's modest at best. Is it measurably better?
I'm unaware of anyone talking about technological redefinition of digital note taking affordances, though some of the surface level AI-related things may emerge here.
In some sense, I still think that the ease of remapping and rearranging/linking/relinking/outlining ideas in digital spaces doesn't exist, so digital note taking tools aren't doing very well even at the root substitution level.
I suspect that some people weren't exposed to the general process of good note taking and their subsequent use for linking, developing, and then creating and as a result of learning this, they're attributing their advances to the digital nature of their tools rather than the original analog process which was always there and isn't necessarily improved measurably by the digital modality.
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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Pam and Peggy young (sisters) published their book Sidetracked Home Executives ... (also known as the S.H.E. system) in 1979, which Marla of FlyLady used as the basis for her system, which in turn is the base for A Slob Comes Clean and several other more modern mentors. Lastly I doubt the Young sisters were the first either.
via u/Mmdrgntobldrgn at https://www.reddit.com/r/planners/comments/yzv5ov/index_card_planner_systems/
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www.latimes.com www.latimes.com
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St. James, Elaine. “Replacing Day Planner With Index Cards.” Los Angeles Times, June 8, 1998, sec. Business. https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1998-jun-08-he-57703-story.html.
Apparently even with growing ubiquity of computers in 1998 and in a pre-internet era, syndicated (Universal Press Syndicate) productivity expert Elaine St. James suggested the use of index cards as a means of simplifying one's life, especially as compared with big and bulky planners and notebooks which predominated the timeperiod.
Notice that she specifically doesn't suggest "going back" to using index cards in the piece. Apparently the idea of that within the zeitgeist had been lost by this time.
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www.calendarsquick.com www.calendarsquick.com
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PDF Index Card Calendars 4 little templates for printing directly to 3 x 5 and 4 x 6 index cards (with the dates already filled in). Perfect for the Hipster PDA and other compact GTD organizational systems.
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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What do you do for a calendar? I'm considering moving from a moleskine GTD system to index cards for reasons you mention (waste paper, can't re-order), but love my 2-year calendar at the front
reply to verita-servus at https://www.reddit.com/r/gtd/comments/15pfz8o/comment/k7iqjwa/?utm_source=reddit&utm_medium=web2x&context=3
Last year I had a Field Notes card with the year's calendar on it that I kept with my daily cards when necessary. (I think it came included with their "Ignition" edition.) Many companies give these sorts of calendars away as PR.
This year I used a Mizushima Perpetual Calendar Stamp to create my own custom card with the coming years' dates. (I also often use this stamp for individual months on other types of cards.) I'm sure you could also find something online to print out or draw your own if you wish. These index card specific templates might give one ideas: https://www.calendarsquick.com/printables/free.html.
Pretty much any spread one might make in a bullet journal can be recreated in index cards. Some of the biggest full page spreads or double page spreads are still doable, they may just need to be shrunk a bit or broken up. I've also printed things onto larger 8x12" card stock and then folded them down to 4x6" before to use as either larger notes or mini-folders as necessary. Usually I do this for holding the month's receipts.
This set of calendar cards from Present & Correct which are done in letterpress looked nice if you wanted to go more to the luxe side as well as to the larger side.
Given the sticker market for Hobonichi and other similar planners, you could also buy some custom decorative stickers which you could attach to cards as well. And there's nothing keeping you from just writing it all out by hand if you wish.
Options abound.
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library.scholarcy.com library.scholarcy.com
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political actors and dynamics, not vague forces of development, are the central factor producing and mitigating inequalities in representation
quotas still places female inclusion and recruitment in the hands of already established political elites, is this really fair? and it doesnt always reflect societal and economic changes in the status of women.
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option to pursue positive action in candidate selection.
choice not made which means that most parties wont
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ausal heterogeneity and the interaction of different factors.
linked to taking a different approach to political science
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International norms and organizations play a role in promoting quotas for women.
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Quotas tend to emerge during periods of democratic innovation, as a way to establish the legitimacy of the new political system.
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quotas for women are often seen as an extension of guarantees given to other groups based on factors like language, religion, and race.
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Quotas can be seen as compatible with ideas of equality and fair access, and left-wing parties are generally more open to implementing them.
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Some see them as a way to achieve justice and promote women's interests, while others adopt them strategically to compete with rival parties or maintain control within their own party.
gender inclusion and feminist ideas can be used strategically
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egrees of dependence between women elected through quotas and the parties and elected officials who make their election possible.
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Quotas can increase women's representation even without social and economic prerequisites. The adoption of quotas highlights the role of political elites in recruitment practices and the production and mitigation of inequalities in representation
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including the mobilization of women's groups and the calculations of political elites
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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www.nytimes.com www.nytimes.com
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www.cnn.com www.cnn.com
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www.washingtonpost.com www.washingtonpost.com
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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Analog zettelkasten for natural sciences .t3_17kui2u._2FCtq-QzlfuN-SwVMUZMM3 { --postTitle-VisitedLinkColor: #9b9b9b; --postTitleLink-VisitedLinkColor: #9b9b9b; --postBodyLink-VisitedLinkColor: #989898; }
Reply to u/Wooden-School-4091 at https://www.reddit.com/r/Zettelkasten/comments/17kui2u/analog_zettelkasten_for_natural_sciences/
Given that Carl Linnaeus "invented" the standardized 3x5 inch index card and used it heavily in his scientific work (read Isabelle Charmantier and Staffan Müller-Wille's works for more on his practice), and a variety of others including me, use it for mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, etc., Zettelkasten can certainly be used for STEM, STEAM, and any of the natural sciences.
See also, notes and links at: https://hypothes.is/users/chrisaldrich?q=tag%3A%22zettelkasten+for+studying%22
If I were using it for classes/university/general studying via lectures, I'd base my practice primarily on Cornell Notes in combination with creating questions/cards for spaced repetition and/or a variation on Leitner's System.
Some of the best material on spaced repetition these days can be found via:
- Soren Bjornstad: https://controlaltbackspace.org/repeat/
- Piotr Wozniak: https://super-memory.com/articles/20rules.htm
and other material on their sites.
Beyond this, I'd focus my direct zettelkasten practice less on the learning portion and more on the developing or generating ideas portion of the work. Some of my practice with respect to mathematics can be found here: https://www.reddit.com/r/Zettelkasten/comments/17bqztm/applying_zettelkasten_for_math_heavy_subjects/
For those interested, it may bear mentioning that Bjornstad, an engineer at Remnote, has a TiddlyWiki-based zettelkasten at https://zettelkasten.sorenbjornstad.com/#PublicHomepage:PublicHomepage which he demonstrates with a walk through at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GjpjE5pMZMI
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ansage.org ansage.org
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Ausstieg Deutschlands aus dem UN-Migrationspakt
besser: ausstieg aus der UN
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a7D_SnySls0<br /> Coin Bureau – Who Controls The World?
7:02 die UN wird kontrolliert von den veto-mächten (frankreich, russland, china, USA, england)<br /> also deutschland ist nur eine kolonie der USA<br /> (dabei sollte deutschland eine kolonie von russland sein, weil russland ist viel näher…)
23:31 countries that have imposed sanctions on russia: USA, canada, germany, UK, australia, japan, …
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- Oct 2023
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www.brookings.edu www.brookings.edu
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They find that exposing populations to lead in their drinking water causes much higher homicide rates 20 years later, relative to similar places where kids avoided such exposure. They find that exposing populations to lead in their drinking water causes much higher homicide rates 20 years later, relative to similar places where kids avoided such exposure.
Example of the repetition of the body text of an article immediately after it as a featured pull quote to draw the attention of the skimming reader to the importance of the portion of the passage.
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theconversation.com theconversation.com
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for: climate science - for policymakers, climate science - for citizens, leverage point, leverage point - climate science, missed opportunity - citizen movement
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comment
- has anyone thought about the idea of writing a science report - FOR THE CITIZEN? It seems that there is a potentially large missed opportunity by NOT seriously engaging the public with climate science and thinking that the policymakers are the only ones who can make the system change.
- question
- what if
- climate science reports and studies can ALSO be written for THE GENERAL PUBLIC?
- what if
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twobithistory.org twobithistory.org
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HTML had blown open document publishing on the internet
... which may have really happened, per se, but it didn't wholly incorporate (subsume/cannibalize) conventional desktop publishing, which is still in 2023 dominated by office suites (a la MS Word) or (perversely) browser-based facsimiles like Google Docs. Because the Web as it came to be used turned out to be as a sui generis medium, not exactly what TBL was aiming for, which was giving everything (everything—including every existing thing) its own URL.
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stackoverflow.com stackoverflow.com
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Browsers can of course choose to ignore this. Again, CORS protects your client - not you.
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www.thenewatlantis.com www.thenewatlantis.com
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Jacobs, Alan. “The Garden and the Stream.” Digital magazine. The New Atlantis (blog), May 4, 2018. https://www.thenewatlantis.com/text-patterns/the-garden-and-stream.
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Links are made by readers as well as writers. A stunning thing that we forget, but the link here is not part of the author’s intent, but of the reader’s analysis. The majority of links in the memex are made by readers, not writers. On the world wide web of course, only an author gets to determine links. And links inside the document say that there can only be one set of associations for the document, at least going forward.
So much to unpack here...
What is the full list of types of links?
There are (associative) links created by the author (of an HTML document) as well as associative (and sometimes unwritten) mental links which may be suggested by either the context of a piece and the author's memory.
There are the links made by the reader as they think or actively analyze the piece they're reading. They may make these explicit in their own note taking or even more strongly explicit with tools like Hypothes.is which make these links visible to others.
tacit/explicit<br /> suggested mentally / directly written or made<br /> made by writer / made by reader<br /> others?
lay these out in a grid by type, creator, modality (paper, online, written/spoken and read/heard, other)
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Links are associative. This is a huge deal. Links are there not only as a quick way to get to source material. They aren’t a way to say, hey here’s the interesting thing of the day. They remind you of the questions you need to ask, of the connections that aren’t immediately evident.
links can be used for search
links remind you of questions you need to ask
links can suggest other future potential links of which one isn't yet aware or which haven't fully manifested, this is some of the "magic" of the zettelkasten—it creates easy potential for future links not yet manifest.
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Let’s look at some of the attributes of the memex. Your machine is a library not a publication device. You have copies of documents is there that you control directly, that you can annotate, change, add links to, summarize, and this is because the memex is a tool to think with, not a tool to publish with.
Alan Jacobs argues that the Memex is not a tool to publish with and is thus fundamentally different from the World Wide Web.
Did Vannevar Bush suggest the Memex for writing or potentially publishing? [Open question to check] Would it have been presumed to have been for publishing if he suggests that it was for annotating, changing, linking and summarizing? Aren't these actions tantamount to publishing, even if they're just for oneself?
Wouldn't academics have built the one functionality in as a precursor to the other?
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“A tool to think with, not a tool to publish with” — this seems to me essential. I feel that I spend a lot of time trying to think with tools meant for publishing.
Which tools for thought and tools for publishing overlap? Which diverge?
Overlap: Obsidian<br /> card indexes<br /> Microsoft Excel
Publishing Only<br /> Microsoft word
Thinking Only: <br /> ...
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“A tool to think with, not a tool to publish with” — this seems to me essential. I feel that I spend a lot of time trying to think with tools meant for publishing.
Tags
- read
- digital gardens
- zettelkasten affordances
- tools for thought affordances
- zettelkasten
- Alan Jacobs
- Memex
- idea links
- types of links
- card index for writing
- tools for publishing
- types of notes
- tools for thought
- links
- gardens and streams
- quotes
- Future Trends Forum 2023-10-19
- implicit memory
- memex vs. World Wide Web
- associative memory
Annotators
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For instance, think of using a drill to drive in screws instead of using a screwdriver. The former makes work go faster and smoother.
Maybe this is pedantic, but a drill is not actually the right tool for driving screws, a screw gun is. Drills are powerful tools that can be used for driving screws faster, but IMO not smoother.
https://www.hunker.com/13413968/what-is-the-difference-between-a-drill-a-screw-gun
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jakelazaroff.com jakelazaroff.com
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Rather than dealing with the invariably convoluted process of moving my content between systems — exporting it from one, importing it into another, fixing any incompatibilities, maybe removing some things that I can’t find a way to port over — I drop my Markdown files into the new website and it mostly Just Works.
What if you just dropped your pre-rendered static assets into the new system?
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www.nature.com www.nature.com
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Performing optimization in the latent space can more flexibly model underlying data distributions than mechanistic approaches in the original hypothesis space. However, extrapolative prediction in sparsely explored regions of the hypothesis space can be poor. In many scientific disciplines, hypothesis spaces can be vastly larger than what can be examined through experimentation. For instance, it is estimated that there are approximately 1060 molecules, whereas even the largest chemical libraries contain fewer than 1010 molecules12,159. Therefore, there is a pressing need for methods to efficiently search through and identify high-quality candidate solutions in these largely unexplored regions.
Question: how does this notion of hypothesis space relate to causal inference and reasoning?
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Wang et. al. "Scientific discovery in the age of artificial intelligence", Nature, 2023.
A paper about the current state of using AI/ML for scientific discovery, connected with the AI4Science workshops at major conferences.
(NOTE: since Springer/Nature don't allow public pdfs to be linked without a paywall, we can't use hypothesis directly on the pdf of the paper, this link is to the website version of it which is what we'll use to guide discussion during the reading group.)
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ZK system for Project and Task management? .t3_17dp8nl._2FCtq-QzlfuN-SwVMUZMM3 { --postTitle-VisitedLinkColor: #9b9b9b; --postTitleLink-VisitedLinkColor: #9b9b9b; --postBodyLink-VisitedLinkColor: #989898; }
Reply to u/Hileotech at https://www.reddit.com/r/Zettelkasten/comments/17dp8nl/zk_system_for_project_and_task_management/
They don't have the same structure as Luhmann's zettelkasten (they don't really need to and may frankly work better without them), but index cards were heavily used in business and project planning settings for decades prior to the popularization of the computer.
I've documented one productivity method from 1903 called the Memindex which was a precursor to things like the Hipster PDA, the Pile of Index Cards, and 43 folders methods which have been popular since the early 2000s. Details and pointers can be found at The Memindex Method: an early precursor of the Memex, Hipster PDA, 43 Folders, GTD, BaSB, and Bullet Journal systems. Addition details can also be found at A year of Bullet Journaling on Index Cards inspired by the Memindex Methodas well as in the comments.
Index card-based project management techniques with items broken out by task can be used to create physical Kanban boards or even arranged in Gantt chart-like fashion on walls, bulletin boards, or tables.
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www.lrb.co.uk www.lrb.co.uk
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The famous OED slips – 4 x 6 inch pieces of paper, some pre-filled with title and publication details – were to be completed by readers, whose task was to write down instances and examples of words in need of definition.
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Applying zettelkasten for math heavy subjects. .t3_17bqztm._2FCtq-QzlfuN-SwVMUZMM3 { --postTitle-VisitedLinkColor: #9b9b9b; --postTitleLink-VisitedLinkColor: #9b9b9b; --postBodyLink-VisitedLinkColor: #989898; }
reply to u/acosmicjoke at https://www.reddit.com/r/Zettelkasten/comments/17bqztm/applying_zettelkasten_for_math_heavy_subjects/
Most of my math section in my ZK is primarily very basic definitions and theorems. I have very few proofs of basic things outside of my own personal work. There is an occasional useful example or two or lists of various lists of things that fit certain structures (lists of groups, rings, fields, categories, etc.)
Digital notes just don't work for me at all with respect to math, so I'm all-in on index cards and simply typeset all the necessary parts when I'm done with something if I intend to publish or share with others. Paper also makes it much easier to shuffle things around and reshape pieces as necessary to try out different structural approaches.
I also have a short stack of method cards (not dissimilar to Eno & Schmidt's "Oblique Strategies", but with a mathematical bent) to remind me of different approaches to try out when I get stuck which has been pretty beneficial.
I also take a fairly segmented approach between the writing I do for understanding a math text as I'm reading it and the permanent sort of notes I specifically make after-the-fact. My goal is never to recreate entire textbooks within the main section of my own zettelkasten, but create material for new works I might be writing for others to read.
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Three AI Chatbots, Two Books, and One Weird Annotation Experiment by Remi Kalir on September 29, 2023 https://remikalir.com/blog/three-ai-chatbots-two-books-and-one-weird-annotation-experiment/
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whether or not it was appropriate to write notes in library books (OK according to Bard, nope for ChatGPT and Claude).
An interesting divergent take on writing in library books...
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typeshare.co typeshare.co
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typeshare.co typeshare.co
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Durch das Überfließen eines Gletschersees kamen im indischen Budesstaat Sikkim Anfang September mindestens 14 Menschen ums Leben. Zuvor hatten Überflutungen nach weit überdurchschnittlichen Monsun-Regenfällen im Bundesstaat Himachal Pradesh über 250 Menschen das Leben gekostet. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/oct/05/india-floods-death-toll-lhonak-lake-injuries-missing-sikkim
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Preserving Harvard’s Blogging History by Matt Mullenweg<br /> October 2, 2023 https://ma.tt/2023/10/preserving-harvards-blogging-history/
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claudemariottini.com claudemariottini.com
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There are several occasions where the massebah is not associated with pagan worship. When the massebah is associated with the worship of Yahweh, the massebah is accepted as a valid expression of commitment to Yahweh.
Massebah for pagan worship: - Exodus 23:24 (https://hypothes.is/a/r3m5QmyDEe6SC8eLYcJE1Q) - Hosea 10:1 (https://hypothes.is/a/4PK2GGyDEe6wZg_r2YpVCA ) - 2 Kings 18:4 - 2 Kings 23:14
Massebah for worship of Yahweh: - Genesis 28:18 Jacob's pillow (https://hypothes.is/a/NF5p8Gx6Ee65Rg_J4tfaMQ)<br /> - Genesis 31:44-45 Jacob and Laban's covenant - Exodus 24:4 - Joshua 24:25-27
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theconversation.com theconversation.com
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In short, the combination of blind intelligence, due to the vision of the country’s leaders, and the absence of troops around the Strip allowed this assault to take place with the human toll that we know.
- for: Hamas 2023 attack on Israel - reason for failure
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www.ebay.com www.ebay.com
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https://www.ebay.com/itm/186111284362
I love this old two drawer card index which has a custom label set into the top that reads, "Index to Plans". The label is done in large lettering across the top, almost the way old school stores would do gold lettering with a nice thick black drop shadow.
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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Should I use zettelkasten? .t3_172ujnk._2FCtq-QzlfuN-SwVMUZMM3 { --postTitle-VisitedLinkColor: #9b9b9b; --postTitleLink-VisitedLinkColor: #9b9b9b; --postBodyLink-VisitedLinkColor: #989898; } questionI am a student in college in the UK studying A levels (Advanced levels), this includes mathematics, biology, chemistry and physics. I dont really take notes for mathematics so I wont be using any type of note taking system for that but for the sciences IDK what to do.
reply to u/Wooden-School-4091 at https://www.reddit.com/r/Zettelkasten/comments/172ujnk/should_i_use_zettelkasten/
This comes up fairly frequently. See https://hypothes.is/users/chrisaldrich?q=tag%3A%27zettelkasten+for+studying%27 and related links for other variations and advice on this theme.
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Father emptied a card le for Margot and me and lled it withindex cards that are blank on one side. This is to become ourreading le, in which Margot and I are supposed to note down thebooks we’ve read, the author and the date.
Anne Frank (June 12, 1929-1945)<br /> Niklas Luhmann (December 8, 1927-1998)
Niklas Luhmann was a year and a half older than Anne Frank who received her first card index file in February 1943 (likely between the 27th, the date of her diary entry mentioning it and the prior diary entry on February 5th), from her father at the age of 13. She was intended to use it as a "reading file" to note down the books she'd read along with the author and the date.
One can only wonder at how many entries she would have made over the span of her life had it not come to such an abrupt end.
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MONDAY, NOVEMBER 2, 1942Dear Kitty,Bep stayed with us Friday evening. It was fun, but she didn’t sleepvery well because she’d drunk some wine. For the rest, there’snothing special to report. I had an awful headache yesterday andwent to bed early. Margot’s being exasperating again.This morning I began sorting out an index card le from theo ce, because it’d fallen over and gotten all mixed up. Before long Iwas going nuts. I asked Margot and Peter to help, but they were toolazy, so I put it away. I’m not crazy enough to do it all by myself!Anne Frank
In a diary entry dated Monday, November 2, 1942, Anne Frank in an entry in which she includes a post script about the "important news that [she's] probably going to get [her] period soon." she mentions spending some time sorting out an index card file. Presumably it had been used for business purposes as she mentions that she got it from the office. Given that it had "fallen over and gotten all mixed up", it presumably didn't use a card rod to hold the cards in. It must have been a fairly big task as she asked for help from two people and not getting it, she abandoned the task because, as she wrote: "I'm not crazy enough to do it all by myself!"
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Ohne einzelne Länder zu nennen, hat der neue IPCC-Chef Jim Skea die Entscheidungen der brititischen und anderer Regierungen kritisiert, die Dekarboisierung zu verlangsamen und neue Öl- und Gasfelder zu genehmigen. Nicht ob, sondern wie Null-Emissionen erreicht würden, entscheide darüber, ob und wann die Erhitzung aufgehalten werden könne. Der Klimawissenschaftler Joeri Rogelj sprach von einem „abrupten Rollback“ in Großbritannien. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/oct/02/slow-route-to-net-zero-will-worsen-global-climate-crisis-ipcc-chief-warns
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www.ted.com www.ted.com
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Boroditsky, Lera. How Language Shapes the Way We Think. Streaming Video. TED | TEDWomen 2017, 2017. https://www.ted.com/talks/lera_boroditsky_how_language_shapes_the_way_we_think.
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Die EU hat offiziell mit der Einführung des sog. Klimazolls“ begonnen, also einer Abgabe für Produkte aus Ländern, in denen mit mehr Emissionen produziert wird als in der EU. Dabei geht es um Zement, Eisen und Stahl, Aluminium, Dünger, Strom und Wasserstoff. In einer zweijährigen Übergangsphase werden zunächst nur die nötigen Informationen gesammelt. https://taz.de/Einfuhr-von-Stahl-Duenger-und-Co/!5963230/
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chem.libretexts.org chem.libretexts.org
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Alkalis were extracted from ashes,
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danallosso.substack.com danallosso.substack.com
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I'm not so much saying Adler and Van Doren were trying to prevent readers from coming to grips with the unresolved issues of American history illustrated in this example. But I am suggesting that the idea that there's a "message" in these foundational texts and they know what it is and our job is to find out, is flawed. Too deterministic, too hierarchical, too supportive of a master narrative that needs to be challenged so truth can be appreciated in its complexity.
Amen!
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postlab.psych.wisc.edu postlab.psych.wisc.edu
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Some experiments which involve conscious perception of external stimuli with reports/tasks have shown activation of prefrontal areas, but this activation may have been related to the reports/tasks rather than the conscious experiences (not indicative of content-specific NCC). Other experiments which involve conscious perception of external stimuli without reports/tasks showed more posterior activation than anterior activation (indicative of content-specific NCC).
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Within-state paradigms comparing conscious individuals to unconscious or minimally conscious individuals have revealed posterior area activity to show the most difference between consciousness and unconsciousness or minimal consciousness (there is a "posterior hot zone" which may be indicative of the NCC).
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However, neuroimaging experiments can sample brain activ-ity systematically and noninvasively in healthy volunteers (Pol-drack and Farah, 2015) and, with appropriate methodologies,they can also provide valuable information about the functionalspecificity of brain regions (Moran and Zaki, 2013; Poldrack andFarah, 2015).
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Compared with case studies (lesions) and electrical stimulation studies, neuroimaging studies are less accurate in determining the exact brain regions that contribute to consciousness. Neuroimaging often covers multiple brain areas, some of which may not be directly involved in modulating content-specific NCC.
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C
bottom-horizontal fMRI images of someone wo experienced anoxic lesions to their posterior corpus callosum, resulting in permanent coma following head trauma.
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F
Sagittal fMRI image of an individual who displayed content-specific changes in experience (feeling of intention to move) following electrical stimulation of the temporoparietal cortex.
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D
Mid-sagittal fMRI image of an individual who displayed content-specific changes in experience (intrusive thoughts) following electrical stimulation of the ACC.
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E
Bottom-horizontal fMRI image of an individual who displayed content-specific changes in experience (inability to perceive faces) following electrical stimulation of the fusiform gyrus.
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Together, stimulation studies support the idea that some pos-terior cortical regions may contribute directly to specific contentsof experience, but the evidence for prefrontal regions is scarceand indirect.
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Many studies have demonstrated that electrical stimulation of the posterior cortex induces discrete changes in the content-specific NCC more reliably than electrical stimulation of the anterior cortex. Hence, most evidence suggests that posterior regions of the brain contribute more to the content-specific NCC than do anterior regions of the brain.
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For the most part, electrical and TMS stimulation of the frontal cortex does not elicit content-specific changes in experience. Stimulation of the ACC and MCC (posterior areas), however, does elicit some content-specific changes in experience, suggesting that posterior area stimulation is more likely to excite content-specific NCC than frontal area stimulation.
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Several studies have shown that electrical stimulation and EEG activation of posterior cortical areas is effective at restoring consciousness in subjects where it is impaired, demonstrating that the excitability of the full NCC can be modulated through arousal systems.
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Electrical stimulation during neurosurgery is an important source ofevidence for a direct contribution of different brain areas to con-sciousness (Penfield, 1959; Desmurget et al., 2013), as indicatedby its superior value in predicting postoperative deficits com-pared with fMRI or diffusion tensor imaging (Borchers et al.,2011).
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diffusion tensor imaging
A technique that detects how water travels along the white matter tracts in the brain.
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Figure 2.
anatomical images depicting clinical evidence for the full (A, B, C) and content-specific (D, E, F) NCC.
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Although frontal injuries can slightlyincrease the threshold for perceiving some brief (16 ms) andmasked visual stimuli, patients still experience them (Del Cul etal., 2009), suggesting that these frontal regions may modulate theNCC (i.e., act as background conditions) rather than contribut-ing directly to consciousness (Kozuch, 2014).
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By contrast, there is little evidence for loss of specific con-scious contents after frontal damage (Penfield and Jasper, 1954).
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prosody
Patterns of rhythm and sound used in poetry.
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With regards to content-specific NCC, there is abundant neu-rological evidence that lesions in the posterior cortex can cause aloss of specific contents of experience (Farah, 2004).
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B
mid-sagittal fMRI image of someone who experienced anoxic lesions to their posterior corpus callosum, resulting in permanent VS following head trauma.
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traumatic lesions to the posterior corpus callosum appear to permanently cause states of VS (coma, or impeded consciousness), whereas traumatic lesions to the frontal lobe do not seem to do this.
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VS
Behavioral state similar to coma.
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A,
Bilateral view of the left and right frontal lobes of someone who experienced extensive prefrontal lobe damage without a noticeable change in consciousness, with certain anatomical regions labeled (top). Lateral view of the left and right hemispheres of that same individual, with certain anatomical regions labeled (bottom).
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There are many examples of people who have experienced bilateral lesions to the frontal lobe and still retained most, if not all aspects of consciousness. These instances lend credence to the idea that the anterior cortex may not account for the full NCC. Even when such damage causes deficits in cognition, perception, or executive function, consciousness does not appear to be significantly altered and effected individuals still seem capable of living normal lives.
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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Youmust apprehend the unity with definiteness. There is only oneway to know that you have succeeded. You must be able totell yourself or anybody else what the unity is, and in a fewwords. ( If it requires too many words, you have not seen theunity but a multiplicity. ) Do not be satisfied with "feeling theunity" that you cannot express. The reader who says, "I knowwhat it is, but I just can't say it," probably does not even foolhimself.
Adler/Van Doren use the statement of unity of a work as an example of testing one's understanding of a work and its contents.
(Again, did this exist in the 1940 edition?)
Who do McDaniel and Donnelly 1996 cite in their work as predecessors of their idea as certainly it existed?
Examples in the literature of this same idea/method after this: - https://hypothes.is/a/TclhyMfqEeyTkQdZl43ZyA (Feynman Technique in ZK; relationship to Ahrens) - explain it to me like I'm a 5th grader - https://hypothes.is/a/BKhfvuIyEeyZj_v7eMiYcg ("People talk" in Algebra Project) - https://hypothes.is/a/m0KQSDlZEeyYFLulG9z0vw (Intellectual Life version) - https://hypothes.is/a/OyAAflm5Ee6GStMjUMCKbw (earlier version of statement in this same work) - https://hypothes.is/a/iV5MwjivEe23zyebtBagfw (Ahrens' version of elaboration citing McDaniel and Donnelly 1996, this uses both restatement and application to a situation as a means of testing understanding) - https://hypothes.is/a/B3sDhlm5Ee6wF0fRYO0OQg (Adler's version for testing understanding from his video) - https://hypothes.is/a/rh1M5vdEEeut4pOOF7OYNA (Manfred Kuenh and Luhmann's reformulating writing)
Tags
- unity of a work
- knowledge scaffolding
- writing for understanding
- people talk (pedagogical device)
- pedagogy
- elaborative rehearsal
- elaboration
- maintenance rehearsal versus elaborative rehearsal
- Feynman Technique
- testing understanding
- reformulating writing
- writing to test understanding
Annotators
URL
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www.nytimes.com www.nytimes.com
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Die Biden-Administration reduziert die öffentlichen Landflächen, die für Öl- und Gaslizenzen zur Verfügung stehen, auf drei Stellen im Golf von Mexiko. Die Maßnahme stößt auf Widerstand der Fossilindustrie, bleibt aber hinter dem notwenigen und von Biden im Wahlkapf angekündigten Verzicht auf fosssile Entwicklungsprojekte zurück. https://www.nytimes.com/2023/09/29/climate/biden-offshore-drilling-plan.html
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In einem der wichtigsten laufenden Prozesse gegen Fossilunternehmen hat der Staat Kalifornien 5 amerikanische Firmen verklagt. Ein Ziel ist es, einen Ausgleichsfonds für zukünftige Schäden einzurichten, zu denen es durch die bewusst wahrheitswidrige Werbung und Kommunikation der Unternehmen gekommen ist. https://www.nytimes.com/2023/09/15/business/california-oil-lawsuit-newsom.html
Informationen des Gouverneurs von Kalifornien: https://www.gov.ca.gov/2023/09/16/people-of-the-state-of-california-v-big-oil/
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www.frontiersin.org www.frontiersin.org
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Eukaryotic single-celled organisms appear in the fossil record perhaps by 1.6 BYA (Knoll et al., 2006). Yet for a “boring billion” years of evolutionary history, they remain minor components in bacterial-dominated ecosystems before explosively radiating as large, multicellular species in an Ediacaran and Cambrian MST. Eukaryotes are obviously essential for this MST, as all animals, plants and fungi are eukaryotes. However, the initial appearance of eukaryotic cells seems insufficient for a MST.
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for: example, example - MET and FET insufficient for MST
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example: MET and FET insufficient for MST
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paraphrase
- Eukaryotic single-celled organisms appear in the fossil record by approx. 1.6 BYA (Knoll et al., 2006).
- Yet for a “boring billion” years of evolutionary history, they remain minor components in bacterial-dominated ecosystems
- before explosively radiating as large, multicellula
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