1,842 Matching Annotations
  1. Feb 2017
    1. "prima facie"

      adj.& adv.

      Def. Based on the first impression; accepted as correct until proved otherwise.

    2. bailiff.

      Def: British usage, "the agent or steward of a landlord," who oversees farming.

    1. Potter's Field

      def. ˈpädərz ˌfēld/ noun historical "a burial place for paupers and strangers."

      I then thought that "Potter's Field" might be a corruption of "pauper's field," but it turns out the etymology is "from the mention in Matthew 27:7 of the purchase of a potter's field for use as a graveyard," according to Merriam-Webster.

    1. sagacity

      Definition: The quality of being sage, wise, or able to make good decisions

      Etymology: From French sagacité, from Latin sagācitās ‎(“sagaciousness”), from sagāx ‎(“of quick perception, acute, sagacious”), from sāgiō ‎(“I perceive by the senses”).

    2. amanuensis

      Definition: one employed to write from dictation or to copy manuscript <composed her="" autobiography="" with="" the="" help="" of="" an="" amanuensis="">

      Also, I find the etymology really interesting given her life as an indentured servant, then domestic servant:

      Etymology: Latin (in Suetonius) adj. used subst., < a manu a secretary, short for servus a manu + -ensis belonging to.

      In short, the choice of the word "amanuensis" seems...ironic?...given the etymological roots in servitude and ownership.

    3. black jeremiad"

      Jeremiad is a piece of writing that depicts whatever state the society is in, usually in a pessimistic way. The references to Jeremiah are most likely regarding his choice of speech to describe the falling of the kingdom of Judah. I think that Jeremiads usually tell the impending doom upon that is sure to destroy everything. Pretty heavy stuff. Veggie tales does it in a much kinder fashion.

    1. By most contemporary standards the document is an object (physical or electronic) on which information is recorded. It would thus have two dimensions, the medium and the content. But this dual presentation is insufficient: it obscures the social function that lends the documentary function to both medium and contents. A good illustration of this ambiguity can be found in the legal framework for information technology of Quebec.4 Quebec law is interesting in this respect because, it tries to define a document beyond the medium it uses by paying attention to information. We can read in Article 3 of the 2001 law this definition: Information inscribed on a medium constitutes a document. The information is delimited and structured, according to the medium used, by tangible or logical features and is intelligible in the form of words, sounds or images. On the face of it, this passage defines a document only in terms of its medium and of its contents. These contents, moreover, are viewed as independent of the medium. But the appearance is deceptive. On the one hand, it is precisely because the document has a function-that of transmission of evidence-that we need a law to define it. We must, indeed, be sure that the object we are talking about will perform this function in the new digital environment. On the other hand, it is indeed because the content can pass from one medium to another that Quebec has tried to define in law the link between one and the other to ensure that the documentary function is preserved.

      very interesting contemporary legal view of what is a document

    1. Laplander
    2. Hottentot
    3. Be/le,1· let1res
    4. re-lievo,

      Nice ¢25 word, here. Means "raised," as in embossed letters or bas relief. Pronounce "reh-LEE-vo," in case you, like me, need to pepper your conversation with unnecessary ornateness because you, like an Athenian, like to dazzle through "showy but false eloquence."

    5. it is "polite" to know the ancienls,

      This sounds like it could have been a sick burn, with the proper context and snooty tone. Like Byron (who offers an elaboration on "polite literature" below, I was surprised and amused by this usage of "polite." This OED definition helped a bit:

      "2.a.Of language, the arts, or other intellectual pursuits: refined, elegant, scholarly; exhibiting good or restrained taste."

    6. polite literature

      I found a blog post here from a British library that elaborates on "polite literature," and emphasizes it as a matter of a particular middle-to-upper class culture, that needed to be qualified due to increasing economic demand for more books.

    1. chicmw

      Literally "chicanery"

    2. prosopopa:ia
    3. harangues
    4. pathos

      This answers my earlier question about his use of pathetic, despite knowing that it has a context contrary to his desired meaning.

    5. pathe-tic,

      If he's aware that impassioned is the better word, why does he us pathetic in the first place? Is he wanting to build on the Greek pathos?

      Edit: the context of his later invocation of pathos seems to indicate that was, indeed, his thought.

    1. GLM

      General Linear Model (GLM)- is a statistical linear model that generalizes multiple linear regression models such that there are multiple dependent variables.

    2. consanguinity

      Consanguinity- is the property of being related to someone, in essence having the same ancestor as someone else.

    3. The specificset of alleles observed together on a single chromosome, or part of a chromosome, is called a haplotype.

      This is a good definition of a haplotype.

    1. narrow conception which we have of it; and therefore are wholly confined to the knowledge and use of words:

      From what I remember in History of English Language, language has been defined more broadly since Sheridan's day, if language was really strictly defined to words. I think language is now considered as a system of intentional, conventional signs. Unfortunately, animals and the "melancholy mournings of the turtle" (shoutout to kpolizzi and gilmanhernandez) are not considered language within this definition. This reading and the definition of language from the HOEL textbook by Algeo both heavily emphasized oral-aural communication, so I'm curious about the deaf community's perspective on language. Also I was definitely not expecting to bring up disability as much as I have been; I can try to limit my annotations on that subject.

    1. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves

      Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves- these curves compare the true positive rate against the false positive rate.

    2. orthonormal

      Orthonormal matrix- a square matrix where each row and column are orthogonal unit vectors.

      Orthogonal- when two vectors are perpendicular.

      Unit vector- a vector of length one.

    1. catholic

      Def.: Here catholic is defined as "including a wide variety of things; all-embracing." I'm not entirely sure how Hume means this word to indicate something different from "universal," but he is not a writer given to redundancies, so I imagine there is something subtle I'm missing here.

  2. Jan 2017
    1. A description has a “primary”occurrence when the proposition in which it occurs results from sub-stituting the description for “x” in some propositional functionx; adescription has a “secondary” occurrence when the result of substi-tuting the description forxinxgives onlypartof the propositionconcerned

      definition of primary and secondary occurences of descriptions

    2. Two propositions are “equivalent” when bothare true or both are false

      Technical definition of "equivalent"

    3. This completes the proof that “Scott is the authorofWaverley” is not the same proposition as results from substitutinga name for “the author ofWaverley,” no matter what name may besubstituted.

      This is because "Scott" in "Scott is the author of Waverly" is simply a vehicle to designate Scott the actual person whereas "Scott" in "Scott is Sir Walter" or "Scott is Scott" serves to mean "who we are referring to as Scott" and therefore the word itself actually enters into the content of the statement.

    4. We may, therefore, for the moment, treatnames as capable of being absolute; nothing that we shall have to saywill depend upon this assumption, but the wording may be a little

      He answers my last annotation here. The distinction between absolute and non-absolute individuals is not important to the task at hand.

    5. If, as may bethe case, whateverseemsto be an “individual” is really capable offurther analysis, we shall have to content ourselves with what may becalled “relative individuals,” which will be terms that, throughout thecontext in question, are never analysed and never occu

      Is Russell here saying that "relative individual" refers to "what can be considered an individual for our purposes"? unsure on this.

    6. A name is a simple symbol whose meaning is something that canonly occur as subject,i.e.something of the kind that, in ChapterXIII., we defined as an “individual” or a “particular.” And a “simple”symbol is one which has no parts that are symbols.

      "Simple symbol" seems like an important term to make note of.

    1. What is rhetoric

      I wonder to some extent if it might be good to start out super basic and not to delve into deep, philosophical questions but to just begin with a basic definition of rhetoric as understanding how communication works and how language is used to persuade and appeal to an audience and just go from there. The main reason I say this is because it seems to some extent everyone is working from this basic definition. Everything we're reading this week seems to operate from this definition anyway. All of the different definitions in the first sentence of the introduction to The Rhetorical Tradition are basically more specific variations of this general definition. This agreement on a basic definition is not to deny the really fascinating difficulties within rhetoric and some of the questions about language (or even about what language is), thought and action but to give an answer to your friend at the bar or your parent about what the hell you are doing with your life in this rhetoric class: you're learning about communication, language and persuasion, which is basically everywhere and a huge part of our daily lives and of history and of multiple disciplines.

    1. « la littératie numérique n’est pas une catégorie technique qui décrit un niveau fonctionnel minimal de compétences technologiques, mais plutôt une vaste capacité de participer à une société qui utilise la technologie des communications numériques dans les milieux de travail, au gouvernement, en éducation, dans les domaines culturels, dans les espaces civiques, dans les foyers et dans les loisirs »
    1. orthologous groups

      Orthologous groups are groups of genes that developed from a common ancestor, source. Orthologous genes have the same (or similar) function, but may vary in sequence.

  3. Dec 2016
    1. Lay theories are the common-sense explanations people use to understand the world around them, whether they are true or not.

      Lay theory.

    1. perpetuates

      Make (something, typically an undesirable situation or an unfounded belief) continue indefinitely.

      • ‘The book contains unsubstantiated statements perpetuating old myths and creating confusion.’
      • ‘Indeed inheritance under the current system only serves to perpetuate inequality.’
    2. altered

      Change in character or composition, typically in a comparatively small but significant way:

      • [with object] ‘Eliot was persuaded to alter the passage’
      • [no object] ‘our outward appearance alters as we get older’
  4. Nov 2016
    1. Preregistration of studies involves registering the study design, variables, and treatment conditions prior to conducting the research.
  5. Oct 2016
    1. free & open-source note-taking service. A space where you can store notes, tutorials, code snippets

      What is Gruik?

    1. calcified

      Calcify: harden by deposition of or conversion into calcium carbonate or some other insoluble calcium compounds. ---College has become very "hard" or difficult

    1. Television genres scholar Jason Mittell defines the situa-tion comedy as featuring “an established setting and small group of ongoing char-acters who each week encounter low-stakes comedic mishaps that are happily resolved by the end of the half-hour epi-sode” (248).

      Scholarly definition of "situation comedy."

  6. Sep 2016
    1. tories about how the Universe began and how humans came into being

      Definition of origin story

    1. 84 deputies

      a person whose immediate superior is a senior figure within an organization and who is empowered to act as a substitute for this superior.

    2. guerilla

      a member of a small independent group taking part in irregular fighting, typically against larger regular forces.

    1. tend to identify themselves more by their ethnicity, meaning a shared set of cultural traits, like language or customs

      refer to background of their culture as a everyday thing

    2. race, which typically refers to a set of common physical traits.

      Definition of race

    3. Census Bureau

      "is a principal agency of the U.S. Federal Statistical System, responsible for producing data about the American people and economy."

      definition found from : https://www.google.com/webhp?sourceid=chrome-instant&ion=1&espv=2&ie=UTF-8#q=define%20census%20bureau

    1. morphisms,

      From wikipedia:

      morphism: *structure preserving map from one mathematical structure to another

      structure is an aggregate thing -- about the domain not about any one object in the domain.

      In set theory, morphisms are functions; in linear algebra, linear transformations; in group theory, group homomorphisms; in topology, continuous functions

      So, in set-theory functions are structure preserving maps from a set to another.

      In linear algebra, linear transformations are structure preserving maps from ...

      In group theory, group homomorphisms are structure preserving maps from elements of the group (?) to ...

      In Topology, continuous functions are structure preserving maps from one /region/ (?) to another.

      In category theory, morphism is a broadly similar idea, but somewhat more abstract: the mathematical objects involved need not be sets, and the relationship between them may be something more general than a map.

    2. ategory consists of objects and arrows that go between them

      Based on the arrow being a morphism/function (see below), it seems that the domain and the co-domain should be able to be disjoint.

      Also, here A->B and A->C; the dual map means that an arrow is not a function.

    1. Ethnography

      Ethnography is the work of describing a culture. The work that cultural anthropologists do.

    2. Symbolic interactionism has its roots in the work of sociologists like Cooley, Mead, and Thomas. Blumer has identified three premises on which this theory rests.
      • Symbolic interactionism – a theory that seeks to explain human behavior in terms of meanings (3 premises on which this theory rests)
    3. a large portion of our cultural knowledge remains tacit, out-side our awarenes
      • definition of tacit culture
      • what we don't know
    4. Explicit culture makes up part of what we know, a level of knowledge people can communicate about with relative ease.
      • definition of explicit culture
    5. Our culture has a large body of shared knowledge that people learn and use to engage in this behavior called reading and make proper use of the artifacts connected with it

      Cultural knowledge – what people know (ex. Grammatical rules for a language, meaning of space, lines and columns, how to feel when reading jokes, etc.)

    6. This common activity depended on a great many cultural artifacts, the things people shape or make from natural resources

      Cultural artifacts - the things people shape or make from natural resources (ex. The bark of trees are made into paper, glue used to hold pages together, etc.)

    7. All of us were engaged in the same kind of cultural behavior: reading

      Cultural behavior – what people do (ex. Everyone on the train was engaged in reading)

    8. Ethnography is the work of describing a culture

      Ethnography – work of describing a culture The goal of an ethnographer is “to grasp the native’s point of view, his relation to life, to realize his vision of his world.”

    9. the almost universal belief that all people define the real world of objects, events, and living creatures in pretty much the same way.

      definition of naive realism

    10. Ethnographic fieldwork is the hallmark of cultural anthropology
      • Ethnographic fieldwork is the greeting card to cultural anthropology
      • Cultural anthropology is when someone goes to another community and studying the culture
      • ethnographic fieldwork is the work of describing a culture and the fieldwork is what they learn from the people rather than just studying them
    11. ulture is the learned, shared knowledge that people use to generate be-havior and interpret experience.

      Meaning of culture

    12. Ethnography is the study of both explicit and tacit cultural knowledge

      Meaning of Ethnography

    13. The concept of culture as acquired knowledge has much in common with sym-bolic interactionism, a theory that seeks to explain human behavior in terms of mean-ings.

      human behavior theory aspect

    14. Explicit culture makes up part of what we know, a level of knowledge people can communicate about with relative ease.

      easy communication

    15. culture as the acquired knowledge people use to interpret experience and generate behavior

      culture isn't an observance. Culture is found by putting yourself in others shoes to understand their life

    16. cultural anthropologists

      The study of humankind. Can be social, political, archaeology, physical etc..

    17. Ethnographic fieldwork is the hallmark of cultural anthropology.

      Ethnography is the "The process of discovering and describing a particular culture"

      A person who writes down culture and lives with people and experiences there way of life.

    18. The concept of culture as acquired knowledge has much in common with sym-bolic interactionism, a theory that seeks to explain human behavior in terms of mean-ings.

      A theory that social communication is made up of words and symbols that are agreements and known things in society.

    19. Ethnography is the work of describing a culture

      Ethnography definition

    1. In the U.S. News and World Report Andrew Zimbalist provides a definition of amateur as “someone who engages in the activity for fun, not remuneration.

      definition of amateur

    1. Reified ideas are not real in any material sense. Rather, they are ideas and ·abstractions about human attributes and behaviors-what social scientists call constructs.

      Reified idea/social construct: abstract ideas become common knowledge and are used as if they are true without any proof

    2. Psychometrics-the mea-surement of mental traits, abilities, and processes-was applied quickly and widely throughout the country.

      Psychometrics: nineteenth century theory of systematizing intelligence, abilities, and processes to justify social class differences

    3. Merit, which provides moral legitimacy to what might otherwise appear as unfair or undemocratic, explains why some citizens and their children are so well off generation after generation.

      prosperity gospel

    4. Development refers to the relatively orderly changes everyone experiences throughout their lives.

      Development as a universal experience.

    5. Intelligence refers to mental power. The key to intelligence theories and measurements is that they try to determine "differences" among people; that is, no one is simply intelligent, he or she must be more or less intelligent than some comparison individual or group.

      Intelligence theory tries to quantify intelligence as comparative instead of intrinsic.

  7. Aug 2016
    1. the likelihood of poor or recently poor representatives in a democracy is slim.

      DEFINITION Statement describing the problem: that inability of low income citizens attaining office.

    2. The increased economic segregation of American neighborhoods means that members of Congress are less likely to mingle with poor, though Democrats tend to represent districts with greater inequality (and greater wealth) than Republicans.

      DEFINITION Statement of definition: it is both an economic and politcal problem.

    1. L'éditorialisation, tel que nous l'avons plus tôt établi, est performative en ce sens où elle produit ses propres normes
    2. l'action individuelle – même si elle est réalisée par une entreprise aussi importante que Google – ne peut jamais produire d'éditorialisation

      à la fois évident et à la fois plus complexe que cela. Pour que la notion soit utile, ne faut-il pas qu'elle puisse également prendre en compte les usages courants : "j'éditorialise mon article" au sens où je l'édite, je le mets en ligne, je l'insère dans des dynamiques d'écritures-lectures qui m'échappent et qui vont le pénétrer, le façonner, je "le mets à l'eau"

    3. l'éditorialisation est une façon de produire le réel et non un moyen de le représenter
  8. Jul 2016
    1. l'éditorialisation décrit la façon dont nos traditions culturelles influencent notre manière de structurer les contenus

      ?

    2. l'éditorialisation est liée à un environnement numérique particulier, ce qui implique qu'elle a un lien avec des technologies spécifiques

      permet une définition plus opérationnelle de l'éditorialisation > besoin de décrire ces diff. environnements techniques et les caractéristiques éditorialisationnelles associées

    3. L'éditorialisation désigne l'ensemble des dynamiques qui produisent et structurent l'espace numérique. Ces dynamiques sont les interactions des actions individuelles et collectives avec un environnement numérique particulier.
    4. l'espace numérique, qui est le résultat de l'hybridation de ces environnements avec la totalité de notre monde
    5. définir l'éditorialisation comme un ensemble d'actions collectives et individuelles, qui ont lieu dans un environnement numérique en ligne, et qui ont pour objectif de structurer notre façon de comprendre, d'organiser et d'interpréter le monde

      plus précise, plus acceptable

    6. l'éditorialisation désigne l'ensemble des formes collectives de négociation du réel
    7. décrire en général toute activité éditoriale numérique, soit aussi les activités concernant de nouveaux contenus – autrement appelés digital native

      définition initiale : la production des contenus "nativement numérique"

    1. What it means to be digitally literate changes over time and across contexts, so digital literacies are essentially a set of academic and professional situated practices supported by diverse and changing technologies
  9. Jun 2016
    1. Research Software Projects

      It seems to me that the first thing to do is to define "research software". Its definition is implicit in this document, but it would be nice to see it defined up-front.

    1. one bothers to define it, except negatively as everything apart from the distractions of rank, affilia- tion, professional status, past achievements, ideological identification, sex, "or anything that might be known about the author"

      People are able to define merit by its absence... like excellence.

  10. screen.oxfordjournals.org screen.oxfordjournals.org
    1. author-function' is tiedto the legal and institutional systems that circumscribe, determine,and articulate the realm of discourses; it does not operate in auniform manner in all discourses, at all times, and in any givenculture; it is not defined by the spontaneous attribution of a textto its creator, but through a series of precise and complex pro-cedures; it does not refer, purely and simply, to an actual individualinsofar as it simultaneously gives rise to a variety of egos and to aseries of subjective positions that individuals of any class may

      Four characteristics of the "author-function":

      1. "the 'author-function' is tied to the legal and institutional systems that circumscribe, determine,and articulate the realm of discourses;"
      2. "it does not operate in a uniform manner in all discourses, at all times, and in any given culture";
      3. "it is not defined by the spontaneous attribution of a text to its creator, but through a series of precise and complex procedures";
      4. it does not refer, purely and simply, to an actual individual in so far as it simultaneously gives rise to a variety of egos and to aseries of subjective positions that individuals of any class may come to occupy"
    2. ccording to Saint Jerome, there are four criteria:the texts that must be eliminated from the list of works attributedto a single author are those inferior to the others (thus, the authoris defined as a standard level of quality); those whose ideas conflictwith the doctrine expressed in the others( here the author is definedas a certain field of conceptual or theoretical coherence); thosewritten in a different style and containing words and phrases notordinarily found in the other works (the author is seen as a stylisticuniformity); and those referring to events of historical figures sub-sequent to the death of the author (the author is thus a definitehistorical figure in which a series of events converge). Alth

      Jerome's criteria that rule out an authorship attribution:

      1. Author as standard of quality (work is less good than you'd expect)
      2. Author is field of conceptual or theoretical coherence (i.e. this work disagrees with some other work by the person)
      3. Stylistic uniformity (written in different style)
      4. Temporal unit (i.e. written before or after the author's known life).
    3. There are, nevertheless, transhistorical constants in therules that govern the construction of an author.

      Argues that there are transhistorical contstraints on construction of author. Transgeneric as well?

    4. In addition, all these operations vary according to the periodand the form of discourse concerned. A 'philosopher' and a 'poet'are not constructed in the same manner; and the author of aneighteenth-century novel was formed differently from the modernnovelist.

      Argues that the construction and meaning of "the author" varies by time and genre.

    1. Throughout this paper, we use the phrase ‘machine actionable’ to indicate a continuum of possible states wherein a digital object provides increasingly more detailed information to an autonomously-acting, computational data explorer.

      Definition of machine actionable

    1. Statisti-cal power refers to the probability that a statistical test will correctly reject the nullhypothesis when it is false, given information about sample size, effect size, andlikely rates of false positives
  11. May 2016
    1. p. 4 makes a distinction between knowledge and information and seems to understand information as being organisation of knowledge (actually is maybe confused a little about the distinction)

      Information is not the same thing as knowledge, though the two concepts overlap. Knowledge refers to ideas and facts that a human mind has internalizedand understood: how to fix a flat tire, the names of a really good dentist, speaking French. Acquiring knowledge means absorbing a lot of information--for example, how to use French irregular verbs correctly. Often the mind acquires and organizes such information in a spontaneous and even subconscious fashion, the way a child learns to speak or a taxi driver knows her way around town. At other times, the acquisition of knowledge requires studying, a slow and difficult process. The amount of knowledge that a human mind can possess is truly extraordinary, but it is not infinite, nor is the mind reliable. Hence the need for information. As society becomes more complex and its interactions speed up, access to information becomes increasingly important. Education was once focused on learning, that is, on acquiring knowledge; it now stresses research skills. What matters is not knowing the answer, but knowing where to look it up. And that means the information is (one hopes) out there, readily accessible.

    1. Yet that Desire you feel in you is from Me, because it is born of My Idea, which I implanted inyour mind only that It might come forth into expression through you. Indeed, whatever youdesire is I, knocking at the door of your mind, announcing My Purpose of manifesting My Self inyou or through you in the particular form indicated by that Desire.What is called Desire in human personalities, is but the necessary Action of My Will pushingforth the expression of My Idea into outer Manifestation or Being.What to you would seem to be in Me a desire for expression, is but the Necessity of My Idea ofMy Self to Be, or Express Itself

      Desire is actually God in me wanting to express and manifest..

      "What is called Desire in human personalities, is but the necessary Action of My Will pushing forth the expression of My Idea into outer Manifestation or Being." Definition of human desire..

    2. You were also told that when man was thus possessed of My Breath he was given dominion overall the kingdoms of the Earth. Which means he was made lord of the Earth, the sea, the air andthe ethers, and all beings living in all these kingdoms paid him homage and were subject to hiswill.This naturally was so, for I, within man's consciousness and within all consciousness, AMalways manifesting My Will; and I, the lord and ruler of man's organism, AM likewise the lordand ruler of all organisms in which consciousness dwells. As all consciousness is MyConsciousness and It dwells wherever there is life , and as there is no substance in which there isnot life, then My Consciousness must be in everything, -- in Earth, water, air and fire, andtherefore must fill all space. In fact it is space, or that which man calls space.Then My Will, being the power latent in all consciousness, must reach everywhere. Thereforeman's will, which is but a focalization of My Will, must likewise reach everywhere; hence theconsciousness of all organisms, including his own, is subject to man's direction and control.All it needs is for him consciously to realize this, realize that I, the Impersonal Self within him,AM constantly directing, controlling and using the consciousness of all organisms every momentof every day of his life.I AM doing this by and through his thinking.I AM doing this with and through man's organism. Man thinks he thinks; but it is I, the Real I ofhim, who thinks through his organism. Through this thinking and his spoken word I accomplishall that man does, and make man and his world all that they are.It makes no difference if man and his world are not what he supposes they are.They are just what I created them to be for My Purpose.But, if I do all the thinking, man does not and cannot think, I hear you say.Yes, here seems a mystery, but it will be revealed to you, if you note carefully what follows:For I AM going to teach you -- man -- HOW to think

      "My Will, being the power latent in all consciousness, must reach everywhere. Therefore man's will, which is but a focalization of My Will."

      "Man thinks he thinks; but it is I, the Real I of him, who thinks through his organism." Yet this is not the 'thinking' I am familiar with in my human mind and I need to learn how to 'think'.

      "It makes no difference if man and his world are not what he supposes they are.They are just what I created them to be for My Purpose."

  12. annotatingausten.sfsuenglishdh.net annotatingausten.sfsuenglishdh.net
    1. chandler

      “A stand or support for a candle”; “[o]ne whose trade it is to make or sell candles”; or, “[i]n extended sense: [a] retail dealer in provisions, groceries, etc.: often somewhat contemptuous” (OED).<br> This implies that these were shops which primarily sold candles, but also sold various products like a convenience store.

  13. Apr 2016
  14. annotatingausten.sfsuenglishdh.net annotatingausten.sfsuenglishdh.net
    1. Lower Rooms

      Lower Room- The Lower Rooms, in Carey’s estimation, were “handsome, commodious, and capacious,” but the Upper Rooms “surpass[ed] every thing of that kind in any town or city in the three kingdoms” (Thompson). The size, the brilliance of the lighting, and all the elegant appointments of the Upper Rooms delighted visitors for several decades. Isabella couldn't help but show her gratitude for not being placed in the Lower Rooms . She goes off then to explain us the the of place that it is down there as well as the people. she calls them “creatures”, and wonders if they will be able to have a ball down there. This is also showing the people who were in the lower rooms and the people who were in the upper rooms. Carey wrote, for example, that Cheltenham boasted two assembly rooms: the upper ones “remarkably neat and elegant, the chandeliers and lustres peculiarly brilliant”; the lower ones “handsome, but inferior”.(Thompson)

  15. Jan 2016
    1. Raj: Paul, we have been addressing what needs to be addressed. The events of daily life will continue, but will not become the focal points to be addressed. The key here is Listening—and this does not mean letting down and resorting to instinct, memory, or personality patterns where you unthinkingly respond to the so-called stimulus of life. Listening is unthinking, but not un-Self-conscious, and actions arise out of Knowing—not inaction or reaction. Being is not responsive!

      Listening consciously from which actions arise out of Knowing.

  16. christmind.info christmind.info
    1. Arriving at an understanding is not the goal! This is because Life isn’t an unfolding of movement within concepts. It is a movement which reflects the absolutely original movement of Being.

      Life "is a movement which reflects the absolutely original movement of Being."

    2. So, in graduation, and the commitment to Knowing, it does indeed feel as though one is giving up that which is utterly meaningful—a sense of worth and meaning which is acquired through personal authorship. The process of thinking, reasoning, and coming to conclusions—which is another way of saying “making judgments”—will be replaced by Knowing. And the actions and words which followed the thinking, reasoning, and judgment will be replaced by expressing the Knowing as you are Knowing it—not as you have heard it and repeated it at a later time.

      Raj warns that there will be a sense of loss gained in ego through personal authorship.

      He defines judgement as "The process of thinking, reasoning, and coming to conclusions".

    1. I know. The ego suggests that that is a nice escape from dealing with what needs to be dealt with. It says, “Come back. You have a few loose ends to take care of.” But, as I have said before, your income, your abundance, comes from being Centered. I did not say it comes from taking care of loose ends which are perceived from uncenteredness. Now, we are talking about being Centered with a fuller meaning of Centeredness. Centeredness really means at-Homeness. It really means the conscious comprehension of the experience of being at Home, which now our communications are substantiating.

      "Now, we are talking about being Centered with a fuller meaning of Centeredness. Centeredness really means at-Homeness. It really means the conscious comprehension of the experience of being at Home, which now our communications are substantiating."

    1. association of poverty with progress is the great enigma of our times

      Definition of enigma: A person or thing that is mysterious, puzzling, or difficult to understand

      Clarification: Some people find it difficult to understand why there is a correlation between poverty and progress

      Question: Can there ever be a time when every person benefits from progress?

  17. Dec 2015
  18. cityheiress.sfsuenglishdh.net cityheiress.sfsuenglishdh.net
    1. plaguy Rogue

      Alternate spellings: Plaguey, plagie "Of the nature of or relating to bubonic plague or any other plague-like disease;" also a pestiferous idle vagrant or vagabond (OED).

    2. Earl, nor Marquess, nor Duke,

      Earl: "Anglo-Saxon England: a man of noble birth or rank, esp. as distinguished from a ceorl or freeman of the lowest class" (OED) Marquis: "a nobleman ranking below a duke and above a count" (OED) Duke: "In some European countries: A sovereign prince, the ruler of a small state called a duchy" (OED)

  19. cityheiress.sfsuenglishdh.net cityheiress.sfsuenglishdh.net
    1. run him through the Lungs

      The act of stabbing someone, with the intent to kill them.

      Image Description

    2. Gorget

      An ornament for the neck; a collar of beads, shells, etc.; a necklace. (OED)

    3. Coxcombs

      People who present themselves in a grandiose manner, but are seen as vain fools who lack true knowledge or valid achievements; fops.

    4. fisking and giggiting

      To move in a swift manner or to scamper about.

  20. cityheiress.sfsuenglishdh.net cityheiress.sfsuenglishdh.net
    1. Juncto

      Archaic form of "junto," indicating a political group or faction.

    2. Archaic form of "junto," indicating a political group or faction.

  21. cityheiress.sfsuenglishdh.net cityheiress.sfsuenglishdh.net
    1. Groat

      Any of various medieval European coins, in particular an English silver coin worth four old pence, issued between 1351 and 1662. (OED)

  22. cityheiress.sfsuenglishdh.net cityheiress.sfsuenglishdh.net
    1. pocky Doctors

      Pocky: Full of or marked with pocks or pustules; pitted; spec. infected with the pox, usually syphilis. (OED) A doctor who dealt with the pocky diseases

    1. It is true that you are not participating in spiritualism. You are not communicating with a soul that has “passed on.” You are not speaking to an individuality still befuddled by the three-dimensional illusion of birth and death who thinks that he was ever born or ever died. I am not the medium through which the Christ-consciousness is revealing Itself as your conscious experience of Being. But, I do exist, as does every other individualization who has existed as an infinite aspect of Fourth-dimensional Conscious Being. There is infinite progression, even beyond the partial, three-dimensional-only view. It is simply ignorance—the inability to see infinitely—which would make one think that once the “mortal dream” is grown out of, there does not continue to be the infinite unfolding of Being as Conscious Being. This is true before or after the experience called death.

      Definition: Ignorance - the inability to see infinitely.

      More about Raj - not caught in belief of birth and death.

      There is an infinite progression of the unfolding of Being as Conscious Being. "Death" does not end it - it never ends.

      This is implied by WOM when it speaks of *The journey to the Kingdom and the Journey within the Kingdom."

  23. Nov 2015
    1. To say that you should see Supply as Supply means to lift it out of the range of optics, out of the range of visibility, into the perception that Simply is the omnipresent Substance that constitutes the warp and woof of Consciousness. It is the “stuff” of Existence.

      Definition of Supply

    1. As I have explained Substance to you, it has only this connection in relation to substance as you experience it every day: It constitutes the Actual conscious experience of every single idea included in the conscious experience of Being as Conscious Being. This Reality of conscious experience is what is objectified as the three-dimensional universe, but none of it is happening in the objectification.

      Further description of Substance,

    1. PAUL: Thank you. How does Substance relate to health? RAJ: Health is the constituting Wholeness of Being, the Orderliness, Integrity, Indivisibility and, therefore, the Perfection of all Conscious Being. Being omnipotent in Its ability to fulfill Its Intent or Purpose, there is no delay or obstacle to that fulfillment. It is this unimpeded Omnipresencing of Substance which constitutes Supply in what is called health or Wholeness.

      "Health is the constituting Wholeness of Being, the Orderliness, Integrity, Indivisibility and, therefore, the Perfection of all Conscious Being."

      "Being omnipotent in Its ability to fulfill Its Intent or Purpose, there is no delay or obstacle to that fulfillment. It is this unimpeded Omnipresencing of Substance which constitutes Supply in what is called health or Wholeness."

    2. PAUL: In what way does Substance constitute Supply? RAJ: Let us first be clear that when we speak of Supply we are not speaking from a finite, three-dimensional standpoint. Supply is not something that comes from one point to another point, such as payment from a client or customer. Supply does not come from one thing to another, such as food value from wheat. Supply is not given or received. Supply is an Omnipresencing of That Which Is: God, the Life Principle, Divine Mind, Fourth-dimensional Being as Conscious Being. You must remember that Substance is Activity, not a static lump of stuff. We have already spoken in regard to the fact that It has intent or purpose. Substance is Being’s Ability to fulfill Itself successfully, Totally. Therefore, it should be clear that Substance is fulfillment—Supply in its truest meaning. Supply is inescapable, unavoidable, when understood.

      "Supply is an Omnipresencing of That Which Is: God, the Life Principle, Divine Mind, Fourth-dimensional Being as Conscious Being."

      "Substance is Being’s Ability to fulfill Itself successfully, Totally. Therefore, it should be clear that Substance is fulfillment."

    3. PAUL: What is the function of Substance? RAJ: Its function is congruency, integrity, confluency, and inseparable Oneness, the inviolable substantiality of Infinity, of Reality. It is the constituting indivisibility of Conscious Being. It is the Absolute Law of the intelligent, harmonious blending of the infinite manifestations which constitute the experience of being as Conscious Being. Substance is Omnipotence. There is nothing passive, whatsoever, about it. It is the adhesion, cohesion, and attraction which constitute the immutable orderliness of the Totality of Being.

      The function of Substance"is congruency, integrity, confluency, and inseparable Oneness, the inviolable substantiality of Infinity, of Reality. It is the constituting indivisibility of Conscious Being...."

    4. Law is intelligent Principle—principled Intelligence—and this constitutes the omniactive Nature of Substance. The Light which is divine, intelligent Love is the means by which divine Mind reveals Itself to Itself infinitely as the omnipresently active Experience of Revelation. It allows Soul to respond. “And, behold, it was very good.“2

      "Law is intelligent Principle—principled Intelligence—and this constitutes the omniactive Nature of Substance. The Light which is divine, intelligent Love is the means by which divine Mind reveals Itself to Itself infinitely as the omnipresently active Experience of Revelation. It allows Soul to respond. “And, behold, it was very good"

    5. Spirit is the substance of all of these, both nondimensionaly and dimensionally. It is the Light, Itself, which illuminates and is illumined. It is That which shines, and That which is shone upon. Spirit is, Itself, the Life Principle, the Life Force, the Initiator and Initiated, the Cause and the Effect.

      "Spirit is the substance of all of these, both nondimensionaly and dimensionally. It is the Light, Itself, which illuminates and is illumined. It is That which shines, and That which is shone upon. Spirit is, Itself, the Life Principle, the Life Force, the Initiator and Initiated, the Cause and the Effect."

    6. PAUL: How does Substance function? RAJ: It functions by being the omnipresent omniaction of Being. The substance of Mind is Consciousness. The substance of Truth is Principle. The substance of Principle is Intelligence/Law. The substance of Soul is Love. The substance of Love is Life. And the substance of Life is Mind.

      "Substance functions by being the omnipresent omniaction of Being. The substance of Mind is Consciousness. The substance of Truth is Principle. The substance of Principle is Intelligence/Law. The substance of Soul is Love. The substance of Love is Life. And the substance of Life is Mind."

    7. The Bible says, “Faith is the substance of things hoped for, the evidence of things not seen.“1 This means that no matter how deeply we may seem to be buried in the distortions of a personal, three-dimensional, finite frame of mind, the faith that we find everpresently abiding within us is our everpresent “connection” with the Actuality of our Being as It is really going on. In other words, it is our Actual experience of Substance, inviolably “held in trust” for us, you might say, so long as we indulge in attempting to experience the Reality of our Being from a partial view. This is why it is “the evidence of things not seen.” It is the evidence of Reality, present and undistorted, in spite of the distortions inherent in the partial view.

      “Faith is the substance of things hoped for, the evidence of things not seen.“ In 3d, 'finite frame of mind' faith is our connection with the 'Actuality of Being. The Reality of Substance, Reality, Being is held in trust while in 3d we may attempt to have partial view of it. Faith is the evidence/presence of Reality even if unseen in 3d.

    8. PAUL: Very well. My first question is: What is Substance? RAJ: Your first answer is that Substance is infinite, nondimensional, and pure Energy—the Life Force, as it were. It is Intelligence. It is Soul. It is Spirit. It is Principle. It is Love. It is Life. It is Truth. It is Mind. It is, in the final analysis, what is meant by the word God. It is omnipresent. It is omniactive. It is the nondimensional or Universal “stuff” of which all that is made is made. It is that which constitutes You and your entire experience as Conscious Being, whether you are being “out from Mind” or not.

      Substance is; Infinite, Nondimensional, Pure Energy, Life Force, Intelligence, Soul, Spirit, Principle, Love, Life, Truth, Mind, Omnipresent, Omniactive. Nondimensional or Universal “stuff” of which all that is made is made. That which constitutes You and your entire experience as Conscious Being, whether you are being “out from Mind” or not. It is GOD!

    9. PAUL: What is the function of Substance? RAJ: Its function is congruency, integrity, confluency, and inseparable Oneness, the inviolable substantiality of Infinity, of Reality. It is the constituting indivisibility of Conscious Being. It is the Absolute Law of the intelligent, harmonious blending of the infinite manifestations which constitute the experience of being as Conscious Being. Substance is Omnipotence. There is nothing passive, whatsoever, about it. It is the adhesion, cohesion, and attraction which constitute the immutable orderliness of the Totality of Being.

      The function of substance is; "congruency, integrity, confluency, and inseparable Oneness, the inviolable substantiality of Infinity, of Reality. It is the constituting indivisibility of Conscious Being. It is the Absolute Law of the intelligent, harmonious blending of the infinite manifestations which constitute the experience of being as Conscious Being. Substance is Omnipotence.There is nothing passive, whatsoever, about it. It is the adhesion, cohesion, and attraction which constitute the immutable orderliness of the Totality of Being."

      Totality of Being is the the Holy Idea for Enneagram 8 which is Holy Truth.

    1. The confrontation with technology at the level of creation is what distinguishes electronic literature from, for example, e-books, digitized versions of print works, and other products of print authors “going digital.” Electronic literature often intersects with conceptual and sound arts, but reading and writing remain central to the literary arts. These activities, unbound by pages and the printed book, now move freely through galleries, performance spaces, and museums. Electronic literature does not reside in any single medium or institution.

      I think this passage is THE clue. IRL I work on classic, 19th and 20th definitions of differents kinds of art. It usually turns around the limits of different arts, that come with the medium they are exposed in. The artist from the 20th century loved breaking that limits. From that point of view, e-lit has broken it all. It has improved the medium and it has even questioned the limits of creation itself. (I think analytic art critics wont like my point of view...). E-lit has lots of issues as an art and this is great. (Sorry for my awful english! Feel free to do as many corrections as you want!)

  24. Oct 2015
    1. There is no reason for you to feel that you must be able to understand the new view before you see it. There is no way for Revelation to mean the revealing of what you already know, except in the Absolute sense. Your Being has always moved beyond your present concepts of Reality, and you have always recognized it as a sudden influx of inspiration and understanding which went beyond what you had previously been aware of. You have simply never been aware of the process before, only the result. This time you are aware of the process—of the breakdown of the old concepts and the appearing of the Revelation. In actuality, the whole process of breakdown and the new view is the One, Total Function of Being called Revelation. It is happening in slow motion, so to speak, and you are having the opportunity to observe the process. You are, indeed, the Answer. I would stick with this Fact as constantly as you are able, even if it appears not to be so, and not to be evident. You are going to stick with something, and it might as well be the Fact.

      Being always moves beyond your present concept of Reality.

      Revelation is the breakdown of concepts resulting in a new view of Reality. It is the One, Total Function of Being.

      Question: is this saying that the function of Being is growth into a more expansive view of Reality? We call this Revelation.

    1. RAJ: This Light energy, which is constituted of the Christ-consciousness—God’s view of Himself—is what constitutes your consciousness and your experience, Totally and Completely. you must understand that there is nothing else going on—no other Presence but this Light. It is the Light of Living Love.

      Christ Consciousness is God's view of Himself, is what constitutes Light.

      Light constitutes your consciousness and experience totally and completely.

      There is nothing else going on - no other Presence but this Light, the Light of Living Love.

      This is a description of Christ and of Heaven.

    2. perspicacity

      Perspicacity is a penetrating discernment—a clarity of vision or intellect which provides a deep understanding and insight.

      Wiktionary Definition

      Pronunciation on Youtube

    1. Was ist mit "Änderungen" an wisssenschaftlichen Texten gemeint? Wie muss ich mir das vorstellen? Geht es nur um das Wiederveröffenltichen von Textteilen z.B. in Lehrbüchern oder tatsächlich um das Remixen von Sätzen?

    1. Until you become satisfactorily accustomed to what the experience is as Fourth-dimensional Man—which means Universal Being—you will not be in a cohesive, substantial position from which to be the Creative Process which will be experienced specifically as the resolution of the financial, school, and living problems that you seem to be faced with. You see, Paul, Practice is that Creative Process which spontaneously occurs when one is being out from Mind as Mind. Right now, it is not possible for you to practice it, because you are not sufficiently familiar with that Place where you are being out from Mind. In effect, it would be like trying to begin swimming before you have gotten in the water.

      Practice: The Creative Process which spontaneously occurs when one is being out from Mind as Mind.

      Universal Being: Fourth-dimensional Man

      There is a process in a journey - a sequence of experience. You can't swim until you get to the pool. You can't practice the Creative Process until you learn to be out from Mind as Mind.

      Image Test - the Mirror

  25. Sep 2015
    1. Precision medicine is an approach to disease treatment and prevention that seeks to maximize effectiveness by taking into account individual variability in genes, environment, and lifestyle.

      Definition of precision medicine.

    1. Nowadays, the term can mean anything from media studies to electronic art, from data mining to edutech, from scholarly editing to anarchic blogging, while inviting code junkies, digital artists, standards wonks, transhumanists, game theorists, free culture advocates, archivists, librarians, and edupunks under its capacious canvas.
  26. Aug 2015
    1. We would argue that the “true” capability model is the object-capability model, because all known major capability systems take the object-based approach (forexamples, see [1, 4, 9, 11, 16, 17, 19, 21]). In all ofthese systems, a capability is an object reference–not something that behaves like a key or ticket in the realworld. Definitive books on capability-based systems[6, 16] also describe these systems from the object-capability perspective, and explicitly characterize themas “object-based”.
  27. Jun 2015
    1. (15) "Wetlands" means land, including submerged land, not regulated pursuant to sections 22a-28 to 22a-35, inclusive, which consists of any of the soil types designated as poorly drained, very poorly drained, alluvial, and floodplain by the National Cooperative Soils Survey, as may be amended from time to time, of the Natural Resources Conservation Service of the United States Department of Agriculture;

      Definition of wetlands. Anything poorly drained and designated by U.S> Department of Agriculture. Does not include lakes or rivers.

    1. Rather, what concerns me is the symbolism by which populations and individuals are established as need- ing help, as being inferior, and the role played by disability in that sym- bolism, because it has a long history of being placed in the service of dis- crimination, inequality, and violence. What I am calling the aesthetics of human disqualification focuses on how ideas about appearance contrib- ute to these and other forms of oppression. My claim is that this symbol- ism depends on aesthetic representations that require further clarification
  28. Apr 2015
    1. a r g u m e n t a t i v e   g r a m m a r . ​   H e   d e f i n e s   a n   a r g u m e n t a t i v e   g r a m m a r   i s   “ t h e   l o g i c   t h a t   g u i d e s   t h e   u s e   o f   a   m e t h o d   a n d   t h a t   s u p p o r t s   r e a s o n i n g   a b o u t   i t s   d a t a ”

      Key definition of argumentative grammar.

  29. Mar 2015
    1. And as I grew in age, I began to discover that the old teachers who spoke of the need to, “Forgive seventy times seven,” knew something quite profound that had even become lost within the tradition, the Jewish and Essene traditions, of my day. For, you see, to forgive means “to choose to release another from the perceptions that you’ve been projecting upon them.” It is, therefore, an act of forgiving one’s self of one’s projections. And as we begin to forgive, even unto seventy times seven times, each time you forgive you take yourself deeper into the purity of your own consciousness. You begin to see how profoundly you have been coloring, and therefore affecting, all of your relationships, through the simple act of not being aware of the power of projection.

      Definition of Forgiveness

    1. reading might be described as the continual redisposition of levels of address in this manner

      Another useful (and cool) definition

    2. The book or physical instance, then, is one of many levels of address.

      Definition for manifestations of the text. Maybe useful in discussing interface as the encountered work?

    3. Now, we are discussing ideal objects here: addressability implies different levels of abstraction (character, word, phrase, line, etc) which are stipulative or nominal: such levels are not material properties of texts or Pythagorean ideals; they are, rather, conventions.

      Might be useful in thinking about what an “edition” is—must it include all items most editions currently include, or are those conventions or manifestations of values, and not necessary values themselves?

    4. a text is a text because it is massively addressable at different levels of scale

      I think this is my favorite definition of “text” (as humanities scholars use the term) that I’ve encountered.

  30. Jan 2015
  31. Dec 2014
    1. those that care and those that don’t care

      The problem for me is that this is a continuum of caring. They are oftentimes both. They define caring from each-their-own perspective. In other words the strategic students show how they care by honoring the system that assigns points to work and the intrinsic learners show they care by honoring their own inner compass. These 'definings' and 'honorings' are quite different from the way teachers and mentors define caring which are in turn quite variable.

    1. A real estate developer is interested in building a high rise apartment complex near an urban Ivy League university. To ensure the success of the project, a market research firm is hired to conduct focus groups with current students. Students are segmented by academic year (freshman, upper classmen, graduate studies) and amount of financial aid received. Study participants are given a series of index cards. Each card has 6 attributes to describe the potential building project (proximity to campus, cost, telecommunication packages, laundry options, floor plans, and security features offered). The estimated cost to construct the building described on each card is equivalent. Participants are asked to order the cards from least to most appealing. This forced ranking exercise will indirectly reveal the participants' priorities and preferences. Multi-variate regression analysis may be used to determine the strength of preferences across target market segments.

      Conjoint Analysis Example

  32. Apr 2014
  33. Feb 2014
    1. Meanwhile, in his Rhetoric (1367a) he defines a free man (eleutheros) as a masterless person who needs obey no one because he does not depend on having to produce or sell anything.

      interesting definition

    1. Well, this whole thing was cleared up by the logician Tarski, I guess, and some others, mayb e Russell or Peano. Anyhow, what you do is, you write down the axioms of your theory in a formal language with a given list of symb ols or alphab et. Then you write down the hyp othesis of your theorem in the same symb olism. Then you show that you can transform the hyp othesis step by step, using the rules of logic, till you get the conclusion. That's a pro of. Student : Really? That's amazing! I've taken elementary and ad- vanced calculus, basic algebra, and top ology, and I've never seen that done. I:M: : Oh, of course no one ever really do es it. It would take forever! You just show that you could do it, that's sucient.

      QED == 警策

    1. The limit of any property rights that can be claimed in this manner are defined in the ‘Lockean Proviso’ which states that the aforementioned process of establishing private property only operates “when there is enoug h, and as good, left in common for others” (Bogart, 1985, p. 828; Locke, 1690, Chap. V, Sect. 27).
    1. Indeed, the object, or res, of intellectual property may be so new that it is unknown to anyone else.
    2. A universal definition of intellectual property might begin by identifying it as nonphysical property which stems from, is identified as, and whose value is based upon some idea or ideas. Furthermore, there must be some additional element of novelty. Indeed, the object, or res, of intellectual property may be so new that it is unknown to anyone else. The novelty, however, does not have to be absolute. What is important is that at the time of propertization the idea is thought to be generally unknown. The re

      Intellectual property cannot be common currency in the intellectual life of the society at the time of propertization.

      What constitutes society at this point; do small groups and communities suffice or does it have to be popularly known beyond a small few?

  34. legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com
    1. Res [Latin, A thing.] An object, a subject matter, or a status against which legal proceedings have been instituted. For example, in a suit involving a captured ship, the seized vessel is the res, and proceedings of this nature are said to be in rem. Res, however, does not always refer to tangible Personal Property. In matrimonial actions, for example, the res is the marital status of the parties.

      Latin for: a thing

      An object, a subject matter, or a status against which legal proceedings have been instituted.

    1. Citators- A set of books and online sources that provide the subsequent judicial history and interpretation of reported cases or lists of cases and legislative enactments construing, applying, or affecting statutes. In America, the most widely used citators are Shepard's citations and Keycite.

      Definition of citators.

  35. Jan 2014
    1. In addition, the results imply that there is a lack of awareness about the importance of metadata among the scientific community –at least in practice– which is a serious problem as their involvement is quite crucial in dealing with problems regarding data management.

      Is there any reasonable agreement about what the term metadata means or includes? For example, how important is the unit of measure to scientists (feet vs meters) and is that information considered metadata or simply an implied part inherent in the data itself?

  36. Nov 2013
    1. Lived Experience: A term used to describe individuals who have lived through the experience of being given a mental health diagnosis, extreme states, trauma, being a 'client' or 'consumer' within the mental health system, and so on. It is meant to be an open term that includes a variety of experiences and allows individuals to self-identify the labels and language they do or don't want to use for themselves.

      I'm grateful for this definition of the term -- I've not found a formal definition in standard dictionaries on the web so far.

      I've been using "lived experience" to describe close introspective observations of one's own life in all its variety, including the mundane (instead of focusing on extreme states or trauma. Is my use of the term a useful one or should I find an appropriate alternative?

    1. We obtain the concept, as we do the form, by overlooking what is individual and actual
    2. Every concept arises from the equation of unequal things.
    3. It is this way with all of us concerning language; we believe that we know something about the things themselves when we speak of trees, colors, snow, and flowers; and yet we possess nothing but metaphors for things--metaphors which correspond in no way to the original entities.

      Truth = the original entities

    4. The "thing in itself" (which is precisely what the pure truth, apart from any of its consequences, would be) is likewise something quite incomprehensible to the creator of language and something not in the least worth striving for. This creator only designates the relations of things to men, and for expressing these relations he lays hold of the boldest metaphors.

      Language vs. Truth

    5. What is a word? It is the copy in sound of a nerve stimulus.

      The definition of a word.

    6. to wit, that which shall count as "truth" from now on is established. That is to say, a uniformly valid and binding designation is invented for things, and this legislation of language likewise establishes the first laws of truth. For the contrast between truth and lie arises here for the first time. The liar is a person who uses the valid designations, the wo rds, in order to make something which is unreal appear to be real.

      Truth vs. lie

    7. but we do know of countless individualized and consequently unequal actions which we equate by omitting the aspects in which they are unequal and which we now designate as "honest" actions.

      Well, how else are people supposed to function in a real world? Nothing's constant, so all we can do is make assumptions and generalizations in an attempt to make sense of our surroundings

    8. and yet we possess nothing but metaphors for things--metaphors which correspond in no way to the original entities

      definition of language

    9. first laws of truth

      definitions

    1. Here Quintilian says that the dialecti-cians lay claim to invention and judgment (which contains a large part of arrangement in the con-clusions of each argument and in syllogisms). And finally in the second chapter of the eleventh book he says that if memory belongs to any art, then it belongs completely to arrangement and order. Therefore he should say that the dialecticians could rightly claim this part also, because in dialectic that has been rightly described, one should teach the truest theory of order and ar-rangement according to the precepts of the syl-logism and method.
    2. In the third chapter rhetoric is separated into five parts: invention, arrangement, style, mem-ory, delivery. I am now not at all surprised that Quintilian is so bereft of dialectic in this division, for he was unable to recognize that here he h is confused dialectic itself with rhetoric, since in-vention, arrangement, and memory belong to di-alectic and only style and delivery to rhetoric. Indeed, Quintilian's reason for dividing rhetoric into these five parts derived from the same single source of error as did the causes of the previous confusion. The orator, says Quintilian, cannot be perfected without virtue, without grammar, with-out mathematics, and without philosophy. There-fore, one must define the nature of the orator from all these subjects. The grammarian, the same man says, cannot be complete without mu-sic, astrology, philosophy, rhetoric, and history. Consequently there are two parts of grammar, methodology and literary interpretation. As a re-sult Quintilian now finally reasons that rhetoric cannot exist unless the subject matter is first of all discovered, next arranged, then embellished ' and finally committed to memory and delivered. Thus these are the five parts of rhetoric.

      Grammar may be necessary to use in rhetoric and virtue may be an important part of a good orator, but rhetoric is not about grammar or virtue. Rhetoric is about style and delivery.