for - depolarizing politics - Democrats - why they lost to Trump - 2024 US elections - Why Trump won - Ananpour & Co. - interview - Michael Sandel - Why Trump won - Why the Democrats lost

https://www.politicalcompass.org/

Reggae came to be during a time of subjugation to Britain?

Jamaica became independent in 1962

On one level, the reason is obvious: accountability. There’s a lot at stake...

except somehow for Donald J. Trump and some in identity politics...

How do they get around it? system 1 vs system 2

The hashtag #HaryanaElectionResult is trending on Twitter due to the recent assembly elections in Haryana, which have garnered significant public interest and engagement. Here are some key reasons for the trend:

Today, we all lost our hero Ratan Tata sir at the age of 86 🥲 I was just doing my work and some friend told me that see the news that Ratan Tata sir is not more.

In this space we cover all about politics and their decision and news with latest news

for - book - The Society of the Spectacle - definition - recuperation - from - youtube - The Society of the Spectacle - politics - Marxist group - Situationist International

definition - recuperation - A technique of the spectacle whereby - Official culture is considered a "rigged game" - Conservative powers forbid subversive ideas to have direct access to public discourse - Subversive ideas must first - get trivialized - get sterilized - before they are safely incorporated back within mainstream society - where they lose their agential power and - they can be exploited to add new flavors and bolster the status quo dominant ideas of the rigged game

from - youtube - The Society of the Spectacle - https://hyp.is/K2b2OIR5Ee-khSfaPJUKWg/www.youtube.com/watch?v=93jXDJhi6_c

I wonder if I can use the knowledge shared here to identify Gerrymandering in Guyana.

West Wing S7 E 11 "Internal Displacement"<br /> http://www.westwingtranscripts.com/search.php?flag=getTranscript&id=145<br /> written by Aaron Sorkin & Bradley Whitford

A powerful quote about what really matters in America

Aliens in the plot "hide between saccades".

We can equate this to the way politicians actively treat their constituents when they play the hypocratic game of "do as I say not as I do".

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blindsight_(Watts_novel)

He recommends to read in the following order, because of thematic significance, I have to determine if I'll do the same.

Books: - A Defence of Classical Education, R. W. Livingstone - Weapons of Mass Instruction, John Taylor Gatto - The Republic, Plato - The Social Contract, Jean-Jacques Rousseau - The Abolition of Man, C.S. Lewis - Discourse on Voluntary Servitude, Étienne de La Boétie - The Road to Serfdom, F. A. Hayek - The Political Theory of the American Founding, Thomas G. West

Rob Pirie argues that if one doesn't understand the foundational principles of their society, in the case of the American Republic, the ancient Greek and Roman history, with a consensus on the foundational virtues for society, the society cannot sustain itself.

Thus, he argues, there is a need for classical (self-)education

Polis<br /> https://pol.is/home

relationship to Eric Hoffer's The True Believer and modern politics?

relationship to the Great Books idea in 1942-1952 and beyond?

repeating history...

for - quote - carbon cycle - hijacked by political institutions and business

quote - carbon cycle - hijacked by political and business institutions - (see below) - In completely hijacking the global car carbon cycle now - the temperature of the planet - the pH of the oceans and - the oxygen levels in the oceans - are no longer determined by Earth system processes like it has been for all of Earth history - it is fundamentally rooted in human institutions - There really isn't any disentangling the the science from the the political

adjacency - between - carbon cycle - human processes - politics and business - adjacency relationship - The carbon cycle is no longer controlled by earth system processes, - as it has been for billions of years, - but rather by human processes of politics and business

for - key insight - demographic shift will have major implications on U.S. economy, politics and social infrastructure.

In other words, a well thought out campaign move.

Example of a church mixing religion with social and political order and resultant problems.

See also: scholasticism

for - quote - Michael Mann - quote - 2024 U.S. elections - future of civilization - quote - existential threat of 2024 Trump win - polycrisis - politics - inequality - climate

quote - Michael Mann - date: May 11, 2023 - source: The Hill - Op Ed - https://thehill.com/opinion/energy-environment/4290467-trump-2-0-the-climate-cannot-survive-another-trump-term/ - (see below)

• It is not an overstatement to say, one year out, that
  • we face an American election unlike any other.
• It will determine
  • not only the course of the American experiment
  • but the path that civilization collectively follows.
    • On the left is democracy and environmental stewardship.
    • On the right is fascism and planetary devastation.
• Choose wisely.

for - quote - Michael Mann - quote - a Second Trump presidency - polycrisis - politics and climate crisis - climate mitigation strategy - voting in 2024 U.S. election - adjacency - Michael Mann - 2nd Trump presidency - exceeding planetary boundaries - exceeding 1.5 Deg C - Gen Z voting

adjacency - between - Michael Mann - 2nd Trump presidency - exceeding planetary boundaries - exceeding 1.5 Deg C - Trump's presidency is existential threat to humanity - Gen Z voting - 2024 election - adjacency statement - Michael Mann's quote " A second Trump term is game over for the climate - really" applies to the 2024 election if Trump becomes the Republican nominee. - Trumps dismal environmental record in his 2016 to 2020 term speaks for itself. He would do something similiar in 2025 if he were the president. G - Given there are only 5 years and 172 days before we hit the dangerous threshold of burning through all the carbon budget for humanity, - https://climateclock.world/ - It is questionable whether Biden's government alone can do enough, but certainly if Trump won the 2024 election, his term in office would create a regression severe enough to put the Paris Climate goal of staying within 1.5 Deg C out of reach, and risk triggering major planetary tipping points - A Biden government is evidence-based and believes in anthropogenic climate change and is already taking measures to mitigate it. A Trump government is not evidence-based and is supported by incumbent fossil fuel industry so does not have the interest of the U.S. population nor all of humanity at heart. - Hence, the 2024 U.S. election can really determine the fate of humanity. - Gen Z can play a critical role for humanity by voting against a government that would, in leading climate scientists Michael Mann's words, be game over for a stable climate, and therefore put humanity and unimaginable risk. - Gen Z can swing the vote to a government willing to deal with the climate crisis over one in climate denial so voting activists need to be alerted to this and create the right messaging to reach Gen Z - https://hyp.is/LOud7sBBEe6S0D8itLHw1A/circle.tufts.edu/latest-research/41-million-members-gen-z-will-be-eligible-vote-2024

Enligt SAOB betyder "vandel":

sätt att leva sitt liv ur moralisk syn­vinkel

Med andra ord: du skall kunna utvisas på grund av hur du lever ditt liv ur moralisk synvinkel.

Detta är alltså vad Moderaterna, Sverigedemokraterna, Liberalerna och Kristdemokraterna står för år 2022.

Eine neue Studie kommt zu dem Ergebnis, dass die Haltung zu fünf großen Krisen das Wahlverhalten der Europäer:innen in diesem Jahr bestimmen wird: der Klimakrise, der Migrationskrise, der Wirtschaftskrise und Inflation, dem Ukraine-Krieg und Covid. Klimakrise und Migration hätten, wie schon bei den Wahlen in der Niederlanden, ide größte Kraft Wähler zu mobilisieren. Die Autor:innen sprechen von einem "Clash zweier 'Extinction rebellions'". Als wichtigste Krisen werden im Durchschnitt der europäischen Länder die Klimakrise und dann Covid bewertet.

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/jan/17/crises-have-split-european-voters-into-five-tribes-survey-suggests

Report: https://ecfr.eu/publication/a-crisis-of-ones-own-the-politics-of-trauma-in-europes-election-year/

Very interested to know what Kennedy's instructions were, and what thet CIA was doing, exactly. I wish I could read the actual documents.

1:10:00 identity politics: the only stable "identity" is personality type, which is inborn and constant for life.<br /> my heresy: i found a hypothesis for the question: how must we connect different personality types to create stable groups?<br /> "the system" likes my work so much, they are threatening to bust my door, steal my stuff, and throw me in jail for five years, as a punishment for publishing my radical answer to the question: who are my friends?<br /> my book: pallas. who are my friends. group composition by personality type

Yong, Ed. “The Tipping Point When Minority Views Take Over.” The Atlantic (blog), June 7, 2018. https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2018/06/the-tipping-point-when-minority-views-take-over/562307/.

Centola's Experiments Suggest 25% Activists Will Tip a Population

Relationship with @Schelling1971 work?

Schelling, Thomas C. “Dynamic Models of Segregation.” The Journal of Mathematical Sociology 1, no. 2 (July 1, 1971): 143–86. https://doi.org/10.1080/0022250X.1971.9989794.

It's somewhat interesting and potentially non-coincidental that the entirety of this list aside from Sam Harris and Camille Paglia are highlighted as anti-trans (red) by the browser extension Shinigami Eyes.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intellectual_dark_web

• for: James Hansen - 2023 paper, key insight - James Hansen, leverage point - emergence of new 3rd political party, leverage point - youth in politics, climate change - politics, climate crisis - politics

• Key insight: James Hansen

  • The key insight James Hansen conveys is that
    • the key to rapid system change is
      • WHAT? the rapid emergence of a new, third political party that does not take money from special interest lobbys.
      • WHY? Hit the Achilles heel of the Fossil Fuel industry
      • HOW? widespread citizen / youth campaign to elect new youth leaders across the US and around the globe
      • WHEN? Timing is critical. In the US,
        • Don't spoil the vote for the two party system in 2024 elections. Better to have a democracy than a dictatorship.
        • Realistically, likely have to wait to be a contender in the 2028 election.

• reference

  • paper - Global Warming in the Pipeline
    • https://hyp.is/go?url=https%3A%2F%2Facademic.oup.com%2Foocc%2Farticle%2F3%2F1%2Fkgad008%2F7335889&group=world
  • Michael Mann's critique of the paper
    • https://hyp.is/go?url=https%3A%2F%2Fmichaelmann.net%2Fcontent%2Fcomments-new-article-james-hansen&group=world

• for: key insight- polycrisis - climate crisis - political crisis, climate crisis - requires a new political party, money in politics, climate crisis - fossil fuel lobbyists, climate change - politics, climate crisis - politics, James Hansen - key insight - political action - 3rd party

• key insight

  • Both democrats and conservatives are captured by fossil fuel lobbyist interests
  • A new third political party that does not take money from special interests is required
  • The nature of the polycrisis is that crisis are entangled . This is a case in point. The climate crisis cannot be solved unless the political crisis of money influencing politics is resolved
  • The system needs to be rapidly reformed to kick money of special interest groups out of politics.

• question

  • Given the short timescale, the earliest we can achieve this is 2028 in the US Election cycle
  • Meanwhile what can we do in between?
  • How much impact can alternative forms of local governance like https://sonec.org/ have?
  • In particular, could citizens form local alternative forms of governance and implement incentives to drive sustainable behavior?

• climate crisis - leverage points - young people - politics

• comment

  • Hansen considers politics to be the key leverage point for young people now, not protesting and raising awareness

• for: climate crisis - multiple dimensions, polycrisis - multiple dimensions, climate crisis - good references, polycrisis - good references, polycrisis - comprehensive map, power to the people, climate change - politics, climate crisis - politics

• comment / summary

  • The content on this website may be what some call "doomers" that support a narrative of unavoidable catastrophe and civilization collapse
  • The author does an excellent job of drawing together many scientifically validated research papers and news media stories on various crisis and integrates them together to support his narrative.
  • As the author states, it is still incomplete but it is comprehensive and detailed enough to use as a starting foundation to build a complex polycrisis map upon. becaues it shows the complexities of the interwoven nexus of problems we face and the massive network of feedbacks between them that makes solving any one of them alone in isolation an impossibility
  • The Cascade Institute focuses on social tipping points, complexity and polycrisis. We could synthesis a number of tools to map out and reveal effective mitigation strategies including:
    • Cascade Institute tools
    • Social tipping point tools
    • SRG mapping tool along with Indyweb / Indranet
    • Culture hacking tools
    • SIMPOL strategy
    • Downscaled Earth System Boundary tools
    • SRG Deep Humanity BEing journey tools
    • James Hansen's recommendation that the biggest leverage point is new form of governance
      • We need to rapidly emerge a new global third political party that does not take money from special interest groups
    • Progressive International comes to the same conclusion as James Hansen, that the key leverage point for rapid whole system change is radically new governance that puts power back to the hands of the people - power to the people
      • https://hyp.is/N0bxsJaaEe6Nmp_cqQcA7Q/docdrop.org/video/3dxLs-zX5xA/
    • SONEC's
    • Indyweb's people-centered, interpersonal methodology is a perfect match for SONEC circle-within-circles fractal structure
      • mention to @Gyuri
      • I've seen this circle-within-circle fractal, holonic group idea with Tim's software as well as Roberto's
  • Feebate from local governance groups (from another Doomer site - Arctic Emergency)
    • https://arctic-news.blogspot.com/p/feebates.html
  • What the author's narrative shows is
    • how precarious our situation is
    • how many trends are getting far worse in the immediate future
    • how we are already undercapacitated to deal with existing crisis so how will we deal with new ones that are exponentially worse?
    • all these crisis will impact our supply chains. Why are these important? Our reliance on technology is dangerous and makes us very vulnerable
    • Think of your laptop, cellphone or other electronic device that relies on a vast, complex and globally operational internet. Imagine that tidal surges wipes out the globally critical data centers located in New York. Or imagine electronic factories in China and Taiwan are wiped out due to extreme weather. How will you get or fix a broken piece of electronic equipment? We rely on each millions of specialized jobs all working smoothly in order for our laptop to continue working and communicating with each other.

• epiphany

• recommendation for new Indyweb / Indranet tools
  • independent time and date stamp tool for every online, virtual sentence we write so we recognize in a long composition when we inserted a new idea
  • ability to trace rapid trains of thought to reveal how new insights emerge from within our consciousness
• While writing this, I just recalled that we should have a way to time and date stamp every single virtual online action, like in this annotation because recall happens so nonlinearly and we won't have a hope to trace and trailmark without it. Hypothesis doesn't have time and date stamps of every sentence available to the user. So we don't know what nonlinear memory recall led to a specific sentence in an annotation. We need some independent Indyweb / Indranet tool that will do this universally. Trains of thoughts are so fragile we can forget the quick cascades very easily.

• for: James Hansen, paper - Global Warming in the Pipeline, prediction - May 2024, find - May 2024 prediction, suggestion - debate - James Hansen - Michael Mann, climate crisis - politics, climate change - politics

• Summary

  • See the Dan Miller interview in the reference below
  • The key point for SRG work in mobilizing and awakening the sleeping giant of the commons is summarized in the 3rd required action in the last sentence of his abstract:
    • "Current political crises present an opportunity for RESET, especially if young people can grasp their situation." (Bold is from SRG)

• reference

  • James Hansen Dec. 2023 interview discussing this paper
    • https://hyp.is/go?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdocdrop.org%2Fvideo%2F8Ag3UVSrlhE%2F&group=world
    • Dan Miller, who interviews Hansen and who has coauthored a paper with him, states in the interview that May 2024 is a test date for validating the paper's claims:
    • https://hyp.is/HRKEfqYAEe6lGJ_E57_9Mw/docdrop.org/video/8Ag3UVSrlhE/
    • Find
      • Identify the section in the paper that Miller is alluding to which makes the prediction about events of May 2024.
  • Michael Mann's critique of the paper
    • https://hyp.is/go?url=https%3A%2F%2Fmichaelmann.net%2Fcontent%2Fcomments-new-article-james-hansen&group=world

upon minor differences by men of science and belief in their strenuous search for the completest truth and the exactest expression sometimes gives color to this sort of misunderstanding.

This emphasis on minor differences is exactly what many anti-science critics have done. See examples with respect to evolution and climate science denial.

• for: annotate, extreme right politics - evangelical community

55:00 coffee was linked to politics early days (bans)

In Frankreich unterzeichnen der Staat und die 50 Unternehmen mit den höchsten Emissionen Verträge zur CO2-Reduktion. Die Unternehmen verpflichten sich dazu, ihre Emissionen in 10 Jahren zu halbieren und erhalten dafür Staatsbeihilfen. Die NGO RAC kritisiert, dass die Verträge keine Sanktionen enthalten und dass vor allem in größere Energieeffizienz investiert wird. https://www.liberation.fr/politique/decarbonation-les-industriels-et-letat-joignent-la-parole-au-pacte-20231122_ZE3RIXZ6YJE4JJDQCATOQYMJMM/

Maybe the PPP aligns itself with the Petty Bourgeoisie because they were the working class people that the PPP "championed" in the past. That would be classic corruption, viewed over time.

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4qgQr7gOJpw

haha, china and russia and friends are shitting all over your "scientific models".<br /> the ONLY problem is "too many humans", aka overpopulation, caused by pacifism.<br /> these "save the world" policies are collective suicide for the 95% useless eaters. byee!

this.

Bump, Philip. “Analysis | The Terrorizing Style in American Politics.” Washington Post, September 14, 2023. https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2023/09/14/romney-political-violence-republicans/.

One can query the text in closed-captioning from the Internet Archive to track trends, and particularly politics, on television news.

https://app.thebrain.com/brain/3d80058c-14d8-5361-0b61-a061f89baf87/3c5a3e87-541a-4e53-9b5a-4e82decc6a12

Why doesn't politics focus on deep relationships?

Was there a heavy racist tinge to his version of Southern Strategy? Religious?

• for: polycrisis, Trumpism, Chaos, distraction, climate crisis, climate communication, complexity, adjacency climate change fossil fuel industry, adjacency climate change big oil, adjacency climate change politics big oil, quote adjacency climate change fossil fuel industry, quote adjacency climate change big oil
• key insight
  • claim
    • One big reason that big oil is funding GOP to keep the chaotic Trump story as the main headline is to foster distraction from climate change impacts
    • big news story in the US is Donald Trump and the election, climate change impacts of extreme weather is minimized
    • the distraction of politics from a chaotic GOP is perfect distraction for the masses to ignore climate change and for big oil to continue BAU
• paraphrase
• quote
  • when you take a step back and look at that part of the distraction and the chaos that Trump and these GOP trolls deliver
  • it's it's a wonderful Boon for the oil and gas industry and the Koch brothers and the guys that fund these campaigns and the federal Federalist Society that's owning the Supreme Court
  • they want to keep doing business as usual and the easiest way to do that is
    • to have this big chaotic GOP that ignores climate change and
    • to play into what they want
      • the mainstream media not focusing more on climate change let alone making those two connections
    • a lot of mainstream media is scared to make that connection because oil companies are paying the bills of CNN and every other network
• author
  • Noel Casler

• for: polycrisis, dual crisis, climate change and political polarization

• key insight

  • we have to deal with climate crisis AND political polarization simultaneously
  • unless we solve the political polarization problem, we will be stuck in policy gridlock

This is a great discription of how ideologies work. You pick a side and you have to deffend and adopt all the points that the ideology stands for without second guess it.

Das Umweltbundesamt hat festgestellt, dass Österreich seine Klimaziele bis 2030 um 13% vor fehlen wird, wenn die bis einschließlich 2021 geschlossenen Gesetze umgesetzt werden. Auch wenn die Gesetze umgesetzt werden die 20 22 noch beschlossen oder vorbereitet wurden, werden die Emissionen 2030 über 35 Millionen Tonnen CO2 äquivalente betragen. Die Zahlen sind Bestandteile des aktualisierten nationalen Energie und klimaplans, den Österreich der EU-Kommission vorlegen muss. https://www.derstandard.at/story/3000000177366/neue-zahlen-oesterreichs-klimapolitik-fehlen-noch-13-prozent

Der britische Minister für internationale Umweltangelegenheiten ist zurückgetreten. In seinem Rücktrittsschreiben wirft er Premierminister Sunak vor, an Umweltfragen uninteressiert zu sein und die internationale Führungsposition Großbritanniens in der Umwelt- und Naturschutzpolitik aufgegeben zu haben.

https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2023/jun/30/zac-goldsmith-resignation-letter-in-full

In Frankreich wird sich Marie Toussaint um die Spitzenkandidatur auf der Liste der Grünen bei den Europawahlen bewerben. In einem Interview mit der Libération spricht sie sich für eine Politik gegen das "ökozidäre Kapital" aus. Es gehe jetzt um eine Auseinandersetzung mit den Kräften, die keine schärferen ökologischen Bestimmungen wollen, und denen, die den Green Deal der EU verteidigen und ausweiten wollen. Andere Linksparteien würden immer noch von einer Hierarchie zwischen der sozialen Problematik und den dieser untergeordneten ökologischen Problemen ausgehen. https://www.liberation.fr/politique/marie-toussaint-jai-lhonneur-detre-candidate-a-porter-les-propositions-ecologistes-aux-europeennes-de-2024-20230607_5GY6SWTV45DMPJUFXDFMIYTB2U/

Mit einem weitreichenden Gesetz hat das EU-Parlament den Emissionshandel auf große Sektoren ausgeweitet, die Bestimmungen zu Zertifikaten verschärft und Abgaben für Importeaus Ländern mit niedrigeren CO2-Preisen beschlossen. https://taz.de/Massive-Ausweitung-des-Emissionshandels/!5929146/

Dr. Katharine Hayhoe, climate scientist at Texas Tech University

the referent "the science" is "the [climate] science" in this context

144 Autobahnprojekte mit weniger Umweltprüfungen und Solarzellen. Die Grünen glauben an grünes Wachstum, aber nicht an Klimapolitik.

Consider how rhetorical analysis applies to alt-right political arguments. Alt-right arguments fail miserably under rhetorical analysis. Rhetorical analysis is a tool of academia. Therefore academia is inimical to the alt-right. Therefore, the alt-right will seek to weaken and impune academia. And this is in fact what they do.

Politics defy modeling, but that makes its reality so important

Connection between IG Farben, the Nazis, Deutsche Bank and the US.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hseanLcCpec

Auseinandersetzungen in Frankreich über die "Zonen mit schwachen Emissionen": Verbotszonen für Dieselfahrzeuge, die dabei nach Emissionsmenge klassifiziert werden. Die Rechten fordern den Verzicht auf diese Zonen, die Linken soziale Begleitmaßnahmen - wobei aber die Rhetorik teilweise ähnlich ist

—Ronald Reagan

—Ronald Reagan

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/feb/20/anglicans-reject-justin-welby-as-head-of-global-church-amid-anger-at-same-sex-blessings

Vernichtende Bestandsaufnahme zur österreichischen Klimapolitik. Gute Darstellung der Schlüsselrolle des Klimaschutzgesetzes.

The racist origins of Georgia’s runoff elections by Steven F. Lawson

Read Sat 2022-12-10 7:43 AM

There was a lot of talk about this run off, but this was the only article I saw referencing the historical political reasons why there was a runoff.

LA City Council members walk out as embattled colleague tries to return amid outrage over leaked audio<br /> by Lara Korte and Alexander Nieves<br /> 12/09/2022 04:18 PM EST

read on Fri 2022-12-09 5:16 PM

.

https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2023/01/marjorie-taylor-greene-congress-georgia-election-background/672229/

Wow, he got Manchin on board?

Assuming the facts are correct and complete here, it's surprisingly naive of Thunberg to take this view. One unknown is whether the displaced villagers were suitably compensated for being evicted. Still, taking 8 years off the deadline to end coal use - that's a pretty massive win and could set the stage for even more in the future.

Not anymore.

Protestant Paranoia: The American Protective Association Oath

In 1887, Henry F. Bowers founded the nativist American Protective Association (APA) in Clinton, Iowa. Bowers was a Mason, and he drew from its fraternal ritual—elaborate regalia, initiation ceremonies, and a secret oath—in organizing the APA. He also drew many Masons, an organization that barred Catholics. The organization quickly acquired an anti-union cast. Among other things, the APA claimed that the Catholic leader of the Knights, Terence V. Powderly, was part of a larger conspiracy against American institutions. Even so, the APA successfully recruited significant numbers of disaffected trade unionists in an era of economic hard times and the collapse of the Knights of Labor. This secret oath taken by members of the American Protective Association in the 1890s revealed the depth of Protestant distrust and fear of Catholics holding public office.

I do most solemnly promise and swear that I will always, to the utmost of my ability, labor, plead and wage a continuous warfare against ignorance and fanaticism; that I will use my utmost power to strike the shackles and chains of blind obedience to the Roman Catholic church from the hampered and bound consciences of a priest-ridden and church-oppressed people; that I will never allow any one, a member of the Roman Catholic church, to become a member of this order, I knowing him to be such; that I will use my influence to promote the interest of all Protestants everywhere in the world that I may be; that I will not employ a Roman Catholic in any capacity if I can procure the services of a Protestant.

I furthermore promise and swear that I will not aid in building or maintaining, by my resources, any Roman Catholic church or institution of their sect or creed whatsoever, but will do all in my power to retard and break down the power of the Pope, in this country or any other; that I will not enter into any controversy with a Roman Catholic upon the subject of this order, nor will I enter into any agreement with a Roman Catholic to strike or create a disturbance whereby the Catholic employes may undermine and substitute their Protestant co-workers; that in all grievances I will seek only Protestants and counsel with them to the exclusion of all Roman Catholics, and will not make known to them anything of any nature matured at such conferences.

I furthermore promise and swear that I will not countenance the nomination, in any caucus or convention, of a Roman Catholic for any office in the gift of the American people, and that I will not vote for, or counsel others to vote for, any Roman Catholic, but will vote only for a Protestant, so far as may lie in my power. Should there be two Roman Catholics on opposite tickets, I will erase the name on the ticket I vote; that I will at all times endeavor to place the political positions of this government in the hands of Protestants, to the entire exclusion of the Roman Catholic church, of the members thereof, and the mandate of the Pope.

To all of which I do most solemnly promise and swear, so help me God. Amen.

Source: "The Secret Oath of the American Protective Association, October 31, 1893," in Michael Williams, The Shadow of the Pope (New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., 1932), 103–104. Reprinted in John Tracy Ellis, ed., Documents of American Catholic History (Milwaukee: The Bruce Publishing Company, 1956), 500–501.

This suggests the misinformation sharing elites may influence whether followers become more extreme. There is little incentive not to stoke outrage as it improves engagement.

Estimated ideological extremity is associated with higher elite misinformation-exposure scores for estimated conservatives more so than estimated liberals.

Political ideology is estimated using accounts followed10. b Political ideology is estimated using domains shared30 (Red: conservative, blue: liberal). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

Estimated ideological extremity is associated with higher language toxicity and moral outrage scores for estimated conservatives more so than estimated liberals.

The relationship between estimated political ideology and (a) language toxicity and (b) expressions of moral outrage. Extreme values are winsorized by 95% quantile for visualization purposes. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

In the co-share network, a cluster of websites shared more by conservatives is also shared more by users with higher misinformation exposure scores.

Nodes represent website domains shared by at least 20 users in our dataset and edges are weighted based on common users who shared them. a Separate colors represent different clusters of websites determined using community-detection algorithms29. b The intensity of the color of each node shows the average misinformation-exposure score of users who shared the website domain (darker = higher PolitiFact score). c Nodes’ color represents the average estimated ideology of the users who shared the website domain (red: conservative, blue: liberal). d The intensity of the color of each node shows the average use of language toxicity by users who shared the website domain (darker = higher use of toxic language). e The intensity of the color of each node shows the average expression of moral outrage by users who shared the website domain (darker = higher expression of moral outrage). Nodes are positioned using directed-force layout on the weighted network.

Exposure to elite misinformation is associated with the use of toxic language and moral outrage.

Shown is the relationship between users’ misinformation-exposure scores and (a) the toxicity of the language used in their tweets, measured using the Google Jigsaw Perspective API27, and (b) the extent to which their tweets involved expressions of moral outrage, measured using the algorithm from ref. 28. Extreme values are winsorized by 95% quantile for visualization purposes. Small dots in the background show individual observations; large dots show the average value across bins of size 0.1, with size of dots proportional to the number of observations in each bin. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

Exposure to elite misinformation is associated with sharing news from lower-quality outlets and with conservative estimated ideology.

Shown is the relationship between users’ misinformation-exposure scores and (a) the quality of the news outlets they shared content from, as rated by professional fact-checkers21, (b) the quality of the news outlets they shared content from, as rated by layperson crowds21, and (c) estimated political ideology, based on the ideology of the accounts they follow10. Small dots in the background show individual observations; large dots show the average value across bins of size 0.1, with size of dots proportional to the number of observations in each bin.

Notice that Twitter’s account purge significantly impacted misinformation spread worldwide: the proportion of low-credible domains in URLs retweeted from U.S. dropped from 14% to 7%. Finally, despite not having a list of low-credible domains in Russian, Russia is central in exporting potential misinformation in the vax rollout period, especially to Latin American countries. In these countries, the proportion of low-credible URLs coming from Russia increased from 1% in vax development to 18% in vax rollout periods (see Figure 8 (b), Appendix).