- Mar 2024
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The hallowed American dream is thegold standard by which politicians and voters alike are meant to measurequality of life as each generation pursues its own definition of happinessunfettered by the restraints of birth (who your parents are) or station (theposition you start out from in the class system).
Did it help that America was broadly formed during the start of the Industrial Revolution and at a time in which social mobility was dramatically different than the period of history which proceeded it?
And how much of this difference is split with the idea of the rise of (toxic) capitalism and the switch to "keeping up with the Jonses" which also tends to drive class distinctions?
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- Aug 2023
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Even before mechanization had gone as far as it has now,one factor prevented vocational training, or any other formof ad hoc instruction, from accomplishing what was expectedof it, and that factor was the mobility of the Americanpopulation. This was a mobility of every kind —in space, inoccupation, and in economic position.
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- Oct 2022
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www.carnegie.org www.carnegie.org
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- Sep 2022
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www.theatlantic.com www.theatlantic.com
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In October, Chetty’s institute released an interactive map of the United States called the Opportunity Atlas, revealing the terrain of opportunity down to the level of individual neighborhoods.
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- Feb 2022
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Horita, Y., & Yamazaki, M. (2022). Generalized and behavioral trust: Correlation with nominating close friends in a social network. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/xu8k3
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- Oct 2021
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ideas.time.com ideas.time.com
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Pew Study on the American Dream, social mobility between the lowest levels of American society and the middle class is increasingly difficult, if not impossible.
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- Jul 2021
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www.theatlantic.com www.theatlantic.com
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In our case, a system intended to expand equality has become an enforcer of inequality. Americans are now meritocrats by birth. We know this, but because it violates our fundamental beliefs, we go to a lot of trouble not to know it.
Class stratification helps to create not only racist policies but policies that enforce the economic stratification and prevent upward (or downward) mobility.
I believe downward mobility is much simpler for Black Americans (find reference to OTM podcast about Obama to back this up).
How can we create social valves (similar to those in the circulatory system of our legs) that help to push people up and maintain them at certain levels without disadvantaging those who are still at the bottom and who may neither want to move up nor have the ability?
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- Jun 2021
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Diminishing social mobility excludes the middle class from the hope of achieving the American Dream.
Do we actually need social mobility?
Social mobility and the goods it can purchase can be a useful social motivation.
However, social mobility for the poorest amoungst us would be good, but how much additional marginal good does society derive from continued social mobility of the middle and upper classes continuing to gain wealth and moving up?
Perhaps there's a myth of social mobility confounding the issue with the myth of meritocracy as well.
Certainly the idea of raw capitalism without caps is at play as well. Could providing better governmental oversight of this be a helpful factor for society? (At least American society at the moment? As international competition may drive other broader problems vis-a-vis other pieces of global domination...)
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At its core, The Meritocracy Trap is a comprehensive — and rather scathing — critique of the aspirational view. Markovits argues that meritocracy itself is the problem: It produces radical inequality, stifles social mobility, and makes everyone — including the apparent winners — miserable. These are not symptoms of systemic malfunction; they are the products of a system that is working exactly as it is supposed to.
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- May 2021
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www.nature.com www.nature.com
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Wellenius, G. A., Vispute, S., Espinosa, V., Fabrikant, A., Tsai, T. C., Hennessy, J., Dai, A., Williams, B., Gadepalli, K., Boulanger, A., Pearce, A., Kamath, C., Schlosberg, A., Bendebury, C., Mandayam, C., Stanton, C., Bavadekar, S., Pluntke, C., Desfontaines, D., … Gabrilovich, E. (2021). Impacts of social distancing policies on mobility and COVID-19 case growth in the US. Nature Communications, 12(1), 3118. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23404-5
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journals.sagepub.com journals.sagepub.com
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Salvador, C. E., Berg, M. K., Yu, Q., San Martin, A., & Kitayama, S. (2020). Relational Mobility Predicts Faster Spread of COVID-19: A 39-Country Study. Psychological Science, 31(10), 1236–1244. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797620958118
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Pappalardo, L., Cornacchia, G., Navarro, V., Bravo, L., & Ferres, L. (2020). A dataset to assess mobility changes in Chile following local quarantines. ArXiv:2011.12162 [Physics]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2011.12162
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- Mar 2021
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arxiv.org arxiv.org
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Cintia, P., Fadda, D., Giannotti, F., Pappalardo, L., Rossetti, G., Pedreschi, D., Rinzivillo, S., Bonato, P., Fabbri, F., Penone, F., Savarese, M., Checchi, D., Chiaromonte, F., Vineis, P., Guzzetta, G., Riccardo, F., Marziano, V., Poletti, P., Trentini, F., … Merler, S. (2020). The relationship between human mobility and viral transmissibility during the COVID-19 epidemics in Italy. ArXiv:2006.03141 [Physics, Stat]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2006.03141
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advances.sciencemag.org advances.sciencemag.org
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Clinton, J., J. Cohen, J. Lapinski, and M. Trussler. ‘Partisan Pandemic: How Partisanship and Public Health Concerns Affect Individuals’ Social Mobility during COVID-19’. Science Advances 7, no. 2 (1 January 2021): eabd7204. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abd7204.
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- Jan 2021
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www.thelancet.com www.thelancet.com
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Drake. T. M., Docherty. A. B., Weiser. T. G., Yule. S., Sheikh. A., Harrison. E. M., (2020). The effects of physical distancing on population mobility during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK. Retrieved from https://www.thelancet.com/journals/landig/article/PIIS2589-7500(20)30134-5/fulltext#.XvrKIDSbor0.twitter
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- Dec 2020
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www.thelancet.com www.thelancet.com
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Gatalo. O., Tseng. K., Hamilton. A., Lin., G. Klein., E. (2020). Associations between phone mobility data and COVID-19 cases. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(20)30725-8/fulltext
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- Nov 2020
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advances.sciencemag.org advances.sciencemag.org
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Charoenwong, B., Kwan, A., & Pursiainen, V. (2020). Social connections with COVID-19–affected areas increase compliance with mobility restrictions. Science Advances, 6(47), eabc3054. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abc3054
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- Oct 2020
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covid-19.iza.org covid-19.iza.org
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COVID-19 and the Labor Market. (n.d.). IZA – Institute of Labor Economics. Retrieved October 10, 2020, from https://covid-19.iza.org/publications/dp13574/
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- Sep 2020
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journals.sagepub.com journals.sagepub.com
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Salvador, C. E., Berg, M. K., Yu, Q., Martin, A. S., & Kitayama, S. (2020). Relational Mobility Predicts Faster Spread of COVID-19: A 39-Country Study: Psychological Science. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797620958118
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jamanetwork.com jamanetwork.com
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Gao, S., Rao, J., Kang, Y., Liang, Y., Kruse, J., Dopfer, D., Sethi, A. K., Reyes, J. F. M., Yandell, B. S., & Patz, J. A. (2020). Association of Mobile Phone Location Data Indications of Travel and Stay-at-Home Mandates With COVID-19 Infection Rates in the US. JAMA Network Open, 3(9), e2020485–e2020485. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.20485
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- Aug 2020
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covid-19.iza.org covid-19.iza.org
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Dynamics of Social Mobility during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Canada. COVID-19 and the Labor Market. (n.d.). IZA – Institute of Labor Economics. Retrieved August 4, 2020, from https://covid-19.iza.org/publications/dp13376/
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Holtz, D., Zhao, M., Benzell, S. G., Cao, C. Y., Rahimian, M. A., Yang, J., Allen, J., Collis, A., Moehring, A., Sowrirajan, T., Ghosh, D., Zhang, Y., Dhillon, P. S., Nicolaides, C., Eckles, D., & Aral, S. (2020). Interdependence and the cost of uncoordinated responses to COVID-19. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(33), 19837–19843. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2009522117
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www.nber.org www.nber.org
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Cronin, C. J., & Evans, W. N. (2020). Private Precaution and Public Restrictions: What Drives Social Distancing and Industry Foot Traffic in the COVID-19 Era? (Working Paper No. 27531; Working Paper Series). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w27531
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www.nber.org www.nber.org
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Cicala, S., Holland, S. P., Mansur, E. T., Muller, N. Z., & Yates, A. J. (2020). Expected Health Effects of Reduced Air Pollution from COVID-19 Social Distancing (Working Paper No. 27135; Working Paper Series). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w27135
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covid-19.iza.org covid-19.iza.org
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Stay-At-Home Orders, Social Distancing and Trust. COVID-19 and the Labor Market. (n.d.). IZA – Institute of Labor Economics. Retrieved August 5, 2020, from https://covid-19.iza.org/publications/dp13234/
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Egorov, G., Enikolopov, R., Makarin, A., & Petrova, M. (2020). Divided We Stay Home: Social Distancing and Ethnic Diversity (Working Paper No. 27277; Working Paper Series). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w27277
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www.nber.org www.nber.org
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Fang, H., Wang, L., & Yang, Y. (2020). Human Mobility Restrictions and the Spread of the Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in China (Working Paper No. 26906; Working Paper Series). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w26906
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Rahman, Md. M., Thill, J.-C., & Paul, K. C. (2020). COVID-19 Pandemic Severity, Lockdown Regimes, and People’s Mobility: Evidence from 88 Countries [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/wtdf2
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- Jul 2020
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www.nber.org www.nber.org
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Salvador, C., Berg, M., Yu, Q., Alvaro, S., & Kitayama, S. (2020, April 13). Relational mobility predicts the increased speed of the spread of COVID-19: A 37 country study. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/gwpj3
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wellcomeopenresearch.org wellcomeopenresearch.org
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Jeffrey, B., Walters, C. E., Ainslie, K. E. C., Eales, O., Ciavarella, C., Bhatia, S., Hayes, S., Baguelin, M., Boonyasiri, A., Brazeau, N. F., Cuomo-Dannenburg, G., FitzJohn, R. G., Gaythorpe, K., Green, W., Imai, N., Mellan, T. A., Mishra, S., Nouvellet, P., Unwin, H. J. T., … Riley, S. (2020). Anonymised and aggregated crowd level mobility data from mobile phones suggests that initial compliance with COVID-19 social distancing interventions was high and geographically consistent across the UK. Wellcome Open Research, 5, 170. https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15997.1
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osf.io osf.io
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Halford, E., Dixon, A., Farrell, G., Malleson, N., & Tilley, N. (2020). Crime and coronavirus: Social distancing, lockdown and the mobility elasticity of crime [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/4qzca
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- Jun 2020
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Im, H., & Chen, C. (2020). Social Distancing Around the Globe: Cultural Correlates of Reduced Mobility [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/b2s37
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www.pnas.org www.pnas.org
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Bonaccorsi, G., Pierri, F., Cinelli, M., Flori, A., Galeazzi, A., Porcelli, F., Schmidt, A. L., Valensise, C. M., Scala, A., Quattrociocchi, W., & Pammolli, F. (2020). Economic and social consequences of human mobility restrictions under COVID-19. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 202007658. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2007658117
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WHO “Immunity passports” in the context of COVID-19. (2020 April 27). https://www.who.int/news-room/commentaries/detail/immunity-passports-in-the-context-of-covid-19
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- May 2020
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www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
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Arenas, A., Cota, W., Gomez-Gardenes, J., Gomez, S., Granell, C., Matamalas, J. T., Soriano-Panos, D., & Steinegger, B. (2020). Derivation of the effective reproduction number R for COVID-19 in relation to mobility restrictions and confinement [Preprint]. Epidemiology. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.06.20054320
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Batty, M. (2020). The Coronavirus crisis: What will the post-pandemic city look like?: Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science, 47(4), https://doi.org/10.1177/2399808320926912
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A flood of coronavirus apps are tracking us. Now it’s time to keep track of them. (n.d.). MIT Technology Review. Retrieved May 12, 2020, from https://www.technologyreview.com/2020/05/07/1000961/launching-mittr-covid-tracing-tracker/
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Hill, H. (2020 April 9). COVID-19: Does the British public condone cell phone data being used to monitor social distancing? Psychonomic Society. https://featuredcontent.psychonomic.org/covid-19-does-the-british-public-condone-cell-phone-data-being-used-to-monitor-social-distancing/
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leoferres.info leoferres.info
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Ferres, L. (2020 April 10). COVID19 mobility reports. Leo's Blog. https://leoferres.info/blog/2020/04/10/covid19-mobility-reports/
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- Apr 2020
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www.thelancet.com www.thelancet.com
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Hargreaves, S., Zenner, D., Wickramage, K., Deal, A., & Hayward, S. E. (2020). Targeting COVID-19 interventions towards migrants in humanitarian settings. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30292-9
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covid19mm.github.io covid19mm.github.io
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Second Report. (2020, March 25). COVID-19 Mobility Monitoring Project. https://covid19mm.github.io//in-progress/2020/03/25/second-report.html
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covid19mm.github.io covid19mm.github.io
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Third Report. (2020, April 17). COVID-19 Mobility Monitoring Project. https://covid19mm.github.io//in-progress/2020/04/17/third-report.html
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twitter.com twitter.com
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El Shoghri, A., et al. (2020 April 03). How mobility patterns drive disease spread: A case study using public transit passenger card travel data. 2019 IEEE 20th International Symposium on "A World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks". DOI:10.1109/WoWMoM.2019.8793018
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Santana, C., Botta, F., Barbosa, H., Privitera, F., Menezes, R., Di Clemente, R. (2020 April 8). COVID-19 UK mobility report. Covid19-uk-mobility.github.io. https://covid19-uk-mobility.github.io/First-report.html
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arxiv.org arxiv.org
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Gao, S., Rao, J., Kang, Y., Liang, Y., & Kruse, J. (2020). Mapping county-level mobility pattern changes in the United States in response to COVID-19. ArXiv:2004.04544 [Physics, q-Bio]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2004.04544
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Liao, H., Zhang, L., Marley, G., Tang, W. (2020). Differentiating COVID-19 response strategies. University of North Carolina Project-China. DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2020.04.003
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- Mar 2016
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www.aljazeera.com www.aljazeera.com
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Credentalism is economic discrimination disguised as opportunity. Over the past 40 years, professions that never required a college degree began demanding it. "The United States has become the most rigidly credentialised society in the world," write James Engell and Anthony Dangerfield in their 2005 book Saving Higher Education in the Age of Money. "A BA is required for jobs that by no stretch of imagination need two years of full-time training, let alone four."
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- Feb 2016
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medium.com medium.com
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This morning, the Urban Institute is announcing a grant from the Gates Foundation to establish a national Partnership on Mobility from Poverty. It is a non-partisan group of leaders, experts, and practitioners who will identify promising interventions to make real, lasting progress against persistent poverty in America.
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- Dec 2015
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business.linkedin.com business.linkedin.com
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Hiding the names of universities during the hiring process is just part of a larger strategy by Deloitte to seek a more diverse workforce. They have teamed up with the UK-based consulting company Rare to incorporate a new screening process called “contextualisation” that seeks to judge an applicant’s performance in the context in which they achieved it.
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One of Britain’s largest companies no longer wants its recruiters and hiring managers to know where its applicants went to college, school or university. “We are calling it school and university-blind interviewing,” Deloitte’s Head of UK Resourcing Victoria Lawes, said in an interview with LinkedIn. “What we really want to do is ensure that, whoever is recruiting isn’t consciously or unconsciously favoring a person who attended a certain school or university.”
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