Important quotation because this is the point of Gianelle's articulation about the references to Narcissus. It is that they have contradictory (quite literally opposite: pursuer and pursued) roles in their dynamic, and that hints to a flexible and fluid and contradictory identity

Elio is meant to reflect the condition of people to be dynamic and difficult to categorize. Gianelle supports this idea with the Goldman Sachs Talk with Andre Aciman talking about the San Clemente Syndrome when Elio tries to transcribe the quartet.

This is equal to the imitation principle of biologically primary knowledge as stated in Cognitive Load Theory (Sweller, 2011). Perhaps also the borrow-and-reorganize principle though that has to do with biologically secondary knowledge and explicit instruction.

When possible, use the most authoritative source in your work, but one should balance this out with the additional work required to find and quote that source versus taking it from a secondary and reliable source.

Academic researchers ought to default to the original and most authoritative, but others may find it more expedient and just as valuable to rely on secondary sources.

Throughout reading the research, there is a focus on very young children (under 4 years). As a secondary teacher, I've been thinking about applications of this idea in my social studies and english classes, settling on inquiry and project based learning. This kind of student-centered activity provides scaffolding, but encourages students to review new information, "experiment," and adjust their conclusions based on the information they have.

Santalucia, Nick. “The Zettelkasten in the Secondary Classroom.” Blog, July 6, 2021. https://www.nicksantalucia.com/blog/the-zettelkasten-in-the-secondary-classroom-k12.

I've read this statistic many times, but where is the original source?

It's here: Federal Reserve Bank, “Report on the Economic Well-Being of U.S. Households in 2019” (Washington DC: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, 2020).

This fact is repeated several times throughout the book. At least 3 by my count.

Henry, J., & Tapper, J. (2022, January 29). Schools in England reinstate mask wearing rules as Covid cases soar. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jan/29/schools-in-england-reinstate-mask-wearing-rules-as-covid-and-absenteeism-soar

SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and variants under investigation. (2021). 45.

Barry provides a brief summary of what the word "mind" means from a Buddhist philosophy perspective and says that there are six primary minds and 51 secondary minds.

The 6 primary minds are the 5 senses plus mental consciousness, which itself consists of the coarse thinking (conceptual) mind, the intuitive mind (these two could be roughly mapped to Daniel Kahnaman's fast and slow system respectively), as well as the dreaming mind.

Barry also conveys an interpretation of reincarnation based on the concept that the mind is never the same from one moment to the next, but is rather an ever changing continuum. The current experience of mind is GENERALLY most strongly influenced by the previous moments but also influenced by temporally distant memories. This above interpretation of reincarnation makes sense, as the consciousness is born anew in every moment. It is also aligned to the nature of the Indyweb interpersonal computing ecosystem, in which access to one's own private data store, the so-called Indyhub, allows one to experience the flow of consciousness by seeing how one's digital experience, which is quite significant today, affects learning on a moment to moment basis. In other words, we can see, on a granular level, how one idea, feeling or experience influences another idea, experience or feeling.

ReconfigBehSci. (2021, March 5). RT @theAliceRoberts: A new study predicts the effect of fully reopening schools—Pushing R up from 0.8 to between 1.1-1.5. R is very abst… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1369569328920727553

Prof. Christina Pagel. (2021, May 23). LONG THREAD on B.1.617.2 & latest PHE data covering: 1) latest tech report on B.1.617.2 (aka ‘India’ variant) 2) vaccine efficacy against B.1.617.2 3) consequences for roadmap 4) avoidability... Or not. [Tweet]. @chrischirp. https://twitter.com/chrischirp/status/1396574267349872644

John Roberts. (2022, January 28). Some (very) early evidence that secondary attack rates of BA.2 are higher in household settings than those of its older sibling. From the latest Variant TB 35. Https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1050999/Technical-Briefing-35-28January2022.pdf 1/ https://t.co/AFTril1jF1 [Tweet]. @john_actuary. https://twitter.com/john_actuary/status/1487086733149749251

Sir Karam Bales ✊ 🇺🇦. (2022, February 28). 🧵Here we go ONS long covid figures, stats pre Omicron 1% of Primary students 2.7% of Secondary students Deepti: Significant numbers. Shamez: Only 1%/2.7% Will post the threads 1/ https://t.co/MEbn97Aa2f [Tweet]. @karamballes. https://twitter.com/karamballes/status/1498433437820141576

Testing annotation. This claim comes from analyzing _ _

Coronavirus: Nothing in current data to support new curbs in England - ministers. (2022, January 2). BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-59853621

I'm not completely sure I can agree with this. Perhaps I'm missing part of his point?

There is a quirky relationship here to the idea of a personbyte, the complete amount of information and knowledge a person can have. Even misty memories that a person can remember or be reminded of are part of this knowledge. Perfect recall isn't necessary as some things can potentially be reconstituted with some thought towards recreation of an idea.

Compare this with the idea of epic poetry and song of the Yugoslavian guslars. Some may be more artful than others, but at what point are they telling a new story?

28 Andreas M. Stübel, Exercitatio academica de excerptis adornandis (Leipzig, 1684), 33

Andreas M. Stübel, in Exercitatio academica de excerptis adornandis (Leipzig, 1684), becomes the first to of many to speak about the idea of "secondary memory".

I like this idea better than Tiago Forte's marketing term "second brain."

During the 16th century there was a transition in educational centers from using the natural and artificial memories to the methodical use of notebooks and commonplace books as a secondary memory saved by means of writing.

This allows people in some sense to "forget" what they've read and learned and be surprised by it again later. They allow themselves to create liminal memories which may be refreshed and brought to the center later. Perhaps there is also some benefit in this liminal memory for allowing ideas to steep on the periphery before using them. Perhaps combinatorial creativity happens unconsciously?

Cross reference: learning research by Barbara Oakley and Terry Sejnowski.

S. Jacques, A. Ouahabi, and T. Lequeu. Remote Knowledge Acquisition and Assessment During the COVID-19 Pandemic. International Journal of Engineering Pedagogy (iJEP), 10(6):120, Dec. 2020.

french secondary school students

exception in Sweden

upper secondary schools

ReconfigBehSci. (2021, October 22). RT @Dr2NisreenAlwan: ONS data published today: 1.8% of the England population had covid during the weeking ending 16 Oct. That is 1 in 55 p… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1451560617416937479

Stora skillnader i vaccinationsgrad bland ungdomar. (04:00:00Z). Sveriges Radio. https://sverigesradio.se/artikel/stora-skillnader-i-vaccinationsgrad-bland-ungdomar

Agreed!

Adding messaging and chat to Hypothesis could go a long way toward helping with this.

David Bokan proposes WebAnnotation in the Browser

Commonplace books - "a way to compile and store knowledge, usually by writing information into books, notebooks, card catalogs, or in more modern settings on one's own website."

Is The Fund still funded? How about a new module for educators...a new button on the Hypothes.is UI, that taps into emerging shared knowledge repositories.

The impact of reopening schools on SARS-CoV-2 transmission in England. (n.d.). LSHTM. Retrieved 10 March 2021, from https://www.lshtm.ac.uk/newsevents/news/2021/impact-reopening-schools-sars-cov-2-transmission-england

Estimating the impact of reopening schools on the reproduction number of SARS-CoV-2 in England, using weekly contact survey data. (2021, February 15). CMMID Repository. https://cmmid.github.io/topics/covid19/comix-schools.html

ReconfigBehSci. (2021, January 19). RT @SianGriffiths6: NEW On average the rate of COVID infection is 1.9 x higher amongst primary and secondary teachers than the general popu… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1351843214446231552

Study of secondary COVID-19 cases underscores importance of physical distancing. (n.d.). Retrieved September 3, 2020, from https://www.healio.com/news/primary-care/20200901/study-of-secondary-covid19-cases-underscores-importance-of-physical-distancing

Bol, T. (2020). Inequality in homeschooling during the Corona crisis in the Netherlands. First results from the LISS Panel. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/hf32q

Gordon, N. E., & Reber, S. J. (2020). Federal Aid to School Districts During the COVID-19 Recession (Working Paper No. 27550; Working Paper Series). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w27550

Seyitoğlu, F., & Ivanov, S. H. (2020). Service robots as a tool for physical distancing in tourism [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/k3z6m

Nuzhath, T., & Hossain, M. M. (2020). Secondary impacts of COVID-19: Risk of vaccination reduction and global resurgence of measles [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/97gr6

Hanel, P. H. P. (2020). Conducting High Impact Research With Limited Financial Resources (While Working From Home) [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/s3fcu

Nishiura, H., Oshitani, H., Kobayashi, T., Saito, T., Sunagawa, T., Matsui, T., Wakita, T., MHLW COVID-19 Response Team, & Suzuki, M. (2020). Closed environments facilitate secondary transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) [Preprint]. Epidemiology. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.28.20029272

Rybniker, J., & Fätkenheuer, G. (2020). Importance of precise data on SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics control. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, S1473309920303595. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30359-5

Liu, Y., Eggo, R. M., & Kucharski, A. J. (2020). Secondary attack rate and superspreading events for SARS-CoV-2. The Lancet, 395(10227), e47. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30462-1

Endo, A., Centre for the Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases COVID-19 Working Group, Abbott, S., Kucharski, A. J., & Funk, S. (2020). Estimating the overdispersion in COVID-19 transmission using outbreak sizes outside China. Wellcome Open Research, 5, 67. https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15842.1

Ghinai, I., Woods, S., Ritger, K. A., McPherson, T. D., Black, S. R., Sparrow, L., Fricchione, M. J., Kerins, J. L., Pacilli, M., Ruestow, P. S., Arwady, M. A., Beavers, S. F., Payne, D. C., Kirking, H. L., & Layden, J. E. (2020). Community Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 at Two Family Gatherings—Chicago, Illinois, February–March 2020. MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 69(15), 446–450. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6915e1

Danis, K., Epaulard, O., Bénet, T., Gaymard, A., Campoy, S., Bothelo-Nevers, E., Bouscambert-Duchamp, M., Spaccaferri, G., Ader, F., Mailles, A., Boudalaa, Z., Tolsma, V., Berra, J., Vaux, S., Forestier, E., Landelle, C., Fougere, E., Thabuis, A., Berthelot, P., … Bag, B. C. (2020). Cluster of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) in the French Alps, 2020. Clinical Infectious Diseases, ciaa424. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa424

Li, W., Zhang, B., Lu, J., Liu, S., Chang, Z., Cao, P., Liu, X., Zhang, P., Ling, Y., Tao, K., & Chen, J. (2020). The characteristics of household transmission of COVID-19. Clinical Infectious Diseases, ciaa450. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa450

Jing, Q.-L., Liu, M.-J., Yuan, J., Zhang, Z.-B., Zhang, A.-R., Dean, N. E., Luo, L., Ma, M.-M., Longini, I., Kenah, E., Lu, Y., Ma, Y., Jalali, N., Fang, L.-Q., Yang, Z.-C., & Yang, Y. (2020). Household Secondary Attack Rate of COVID-19 and Associated Determinants [Preprint]. Epidemiology. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.11.20056010

Contact tracing for COVID-19: Current evidence, options for scale-up and an assessment of resources needed. (2020, May 5). European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/contact-tracing-covid-19-evidence-scale-up-assessment-resources

Van den Akker, O., Weston, S. J., Campbell, L., Chopik, W. J., Damian, R. I., Davis-Kean, P., Hall, A. N., Kosie, J. E., Kruse, E. T., Olsen, J., Ritchie, S. J., Valentine, K. D., van ’t Veer, A. E., & Bakker, M. (2019). Preregistration of secondary data analysis: A template and tutorial [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/hvfmr

Brom, C., Lukavsky, J., Greger, D., Hannemann, T., Straková, J., & Švaříček, R. (2020, April 18). Mandatory Home Education during the COVID-19 Lockdown in the Czech Republic: A Rapid Survey of 1st-9th Graders’ Parents. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/fbhn3

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Comparison of secondary education systems

Providing secondary evidence helps the authors construct the basis of the research subject and support the main claims.

The authors mention secondary evidence to discuss the correlation between high anxiety levels and academic progress. This is done to establish the main claim and building blocks of the study that is to be conducted.

The author cites a secondary source to present his claim through a similar opinion

The author uses secondary sources to back up his claims with evidence and support his argument

The author effectively used a secondary source to propose an explanation and a theory for the reason students may suffer from anxiety symptoms. The source provides a credible basis on which the author was able to build a claim upon.

The author used a secondary source as evidence and to make a point that mood has an effect on the performance as well, explaining that students who were less anxious or concerned seemed to score higher grades

The author used the definition to draw connection and reach the conclusion that academic performance is affected by anxiety, using the source to support the claim

The author uses the mentioned secondary sources as a basis to establish a connection between the provided definition of anxiety and the concept that it has negative effects on the lives of students

Both this and an earlier statement about humanities needing justified (last paragraph on 116) made me think about the lack of understanding of humanities at all levels of education. This piece is specifically aimed at "the university," but even at the secondary level, humanities are the first things threatened by a budget cut. Could a lack of understanding be a main reason public schools, primarily 9-12, aren't overly worried by the idea of cutting humanities courses?

Huaman Poma's defense of his own interests and his position in both the native elite and Spanish government

Secondary effect from panic

The different theses Moe presents to her reader are all an original take on reading Charlotte and Elizabeth's argument, and Charlotte's individual views, especially considering the extensive description of the typical reading of these characters which Moe provides us with.

This introduction, though at times distracted from the main point through inclusion of so many outside theories and readings of Elizabeth/Charlotte/Austen, definitely engages the reader, provides grounding for Moe's argument, and makes this subject appear significant in understanding the conflict of modern viewpoints in Pride and Prejudice, as well as to better understand Charlotte as a character and her decisions.

OK, clearly Moe has done her research, as she has provided a great number of sources about Austen's writing, Austen's characters, Austen's personal/written setting, and so forth. The consistent inclusion of reputable sources strengthens Moe's argument (as it makes her assertions seem well based on research), but I am finding it also a bit distracting. She is jumping from topic to topic with inexplicit transitions, and providing so much outside detail, that it is taking away from her own contentions. More analysis, as I have highlighted here, is what would make this article even better.

Also, this notation makes sense, as it extends to Charlotte's marital decisions.

Again, Moe is using secondary sources to accentuate that Austen writes about women constrained by patriarchy. Here, however, she includes the concept of "Agency" (for both critic and character), which connects to her argument about Charlotte's actions.

Transition into feminist readings of Austen from giving examples of older critiques (of secondary sources) of Austen's work. This aids her argument and supports her challenging of previous readings of the work.

What a crass analysis.

Page 122

Borgman on terms used by the humanities and social sciences to describe data and other types of analysis

humanist and social scientists frequently distinguish between primary and secondary information based on the degree of analysis. Yet this ordering sometimes conflates data, sources, and resources, as exemplified by a report that distinguishes "primary resources, E. G., Books close quotation from quotation secondary resources, eat. Gee., Catalogs close quotation . Resources also categorized as primary or sensor data, numerical data, and field notebooks, all of which would be considered data in the sciences. Rarely would books, conference proceedings, and feces that the report categorizes as primary resources be considered data, except when used for text-or data-mining purposes. Catalogs, subject indices, citation indexes, search engines, and web portals were classified as secondary resources. These are typically viewed as tertiary resources in the library community because they describe primary and secondary resources. The distinctions between data, sources, and resources very by discipline and circumstance. For the purposes of this book, primary resources are data, secondary resources are reports of research, whether publications or intern forms, and tertiary resources are catalogs, indexes, and directories that provide access to primary and secondary resources. Sources are the origins of these resources.

Page 10

Borgman on the merging of primary and secondary information sources .

primary and secondary information sources long to be treated as a dichotomy, with different strands of research on each. Sociologist of science study the context in which primary data are produced, or primary archivists are concerned with how those that are captured, managed, and preserved. Researchers in the field of information studies and communication investigate how scholarly publications are written, disseminated, sought, used, and reference. Librarians select, collect, organize, conserve, preserve, and provide access to scholarly publications and print and digital form. Little research has explored the continuum from primary to secondary sources, much less the entire lifecycle from data generation through the preservation of scholarly products that set those data in context.

p. 8-actually this is link to p. 7, since 8 is excluded

Another trend is the blurring of the distinction between primary sources, generally viewed as unprocessed or unanalysed data, and secondary sources that set data in context.

Good point about how this is a new thing. On the next page she discusses how we are now collpasing the traditional distinction between primary and secondary sources.